Question
Linus Torwalds invented and wrote what?
Answer
Linux computer operating system
Operating system
July 14 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day
July 14 in History
- 756 – An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong flees the capital Chang’an as An Lushan’s forces advance toward the city.
- 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II.
- 1420 – Battle of Vítkov Hill, decisive victory of Czech Hussite forces commanded by Jan Žižka against Crusade army led by Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor.
- 1769 – An expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá leaves its base in California and sets out to find the Port of Monterey (now Monterey, California).
- 1771 – Foundation of the Mission San Antonio de Padua in modern California by the Franciscan friar Junípero Serra.
- 1789 – French Revolution: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille.
- 1789 – Alexander Mackenzie finally completes his journey to the mouth of the great river he hoped would take him to the Pacific, but which turns out to flow into the Arctic Ocean. Later named after him, the Mackenzie is the second-longest river system in North America.
- 1790 – French Revolution: Citizens of Paris celebrate the unity of the French people and the national reconciliation in the Fête de la Fédération.
- 1791 – The Priestley Riots drive Joseph Priestley, a supporter of the French Revolution, out of Birmingham, England.
- 1798 – The Sedition Act becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.
- 1853 – Opening of the first major US world’s fair, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City.
- 1865 – The first ascent of the Matterhorn by Edward Whymper and party, four of whom die on the descent.
- 1874 – The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago’s city council.
- 1877 – The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 began in Martinsburg, West Virginia when wages of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers were cut for the third time in a year. The strike was ended on Sept 4 by local and state militias and federal troops.
- 1881 – Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
- 1900 – Armies of the Eight-Nation Alliance capture Tientsin during the Boxer Rebellion.
- 1902 – The Campanile in St Mark’s Square, Venice collapses, also demolishing the loggetta.
- 1911 – Harry Atwood, an exhibition pilot for the Wright brothers, lands his airplane at the South Lawn of the White House. He is later awarded a Gold medal from U.S. President William Howard Taft for this feat.
- 1915 – World War I: The McMahon–Hussein Correspondence between Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and the British official Henry McMahon concerning the Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire begins.
- 1916 – World War I: Start of the Battle of Delville Wood as an action within the Battle of the Somme, which was to last until 3 September 1916.
- 1928 – New Vietnam Revolutionary Party is founded in Huế, providing some of the communist party’s most important leaders in its early years.
- 1933 – Gleichschaltung: In Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party.
- 1933 – The Nazi eugenics begins with the proclamation of the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring that calls for the compulsory sterilization of any citizen who suffers from alleged genetic disorders.
- 1938 – Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91-hour airplane flight around the world.
- 1940 – People’s Seimas held parliamentary elections, and the Union of Labor Lithuania (ULL) won, paving the way for Lithuania to become Lithuanian SSR; Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic, consolidating into the Soviet Union on July 21, 1940.
- 1943 – In Diamond, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.
- 1948 – Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party, is shot and wounded near the Italian Parliament.
- 1950 – Korean War: North Korean troops initiate the Battle of Taejon.
- 1957 – Rawya Ateya takes her seat in the National Assembly of Egypt, thereby becoming the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world.
- 1958 – Iraqi Revolution: In Iraq the monarchy is overthrown by popular forces led by Abd al-Karim Qasim, who becomes the nation’s new leader.
- 1960 – Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream Reserve in present-day Tanzania to begin her famous study of chimpanzees in the wild.
- 1965 – The Mariner 4 flyby of Mars takes the first close-up photos of another planet.
- 1969 – Football War: After Honduras loses a soccer match against El Salvador, riots break out in Honduras against Salvadoran migrant workers.
- 1969 – The Federal Reserve Banks begins removing large denominations of United States currency from circulation.
- 1976 – Capital punishment is abolished in Canada.
- 1992 – 386BSD is released by Lynne Jolitz and William Jolitz beginning the Open Source operating system revolution. Linus Torvalds releases his Linux soon afterwards.
- 2002 – French President Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt unscathed during Bastille Day celebrations.
- 2003 – Hurricane Claudette gathers strength over the Gulf of Mexico and heads for the Texas coast, killing two people.
- 2013 – The dedication of statue of Rachel Carson, a sculpture named for the environmentalist, in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
- 2015 – NASA’s New Horizons probe performs the first flyby of Pluto, and thus completes the initial survey of the Solar System.
- 2016 – A terrorist vehicular attack in Nice, France kills 86 civilians and injures over 400 others.
Births on July 14
- 926 – Murakami, emperor of Japan (d. 967)
- 1410 – Arnold, Duke of Guelders, (d. 1473)
- 1448 – Philip, Elector Palatine (d. 1508)
- 1454 – Poliziano, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1494)
- 1515 – Philip I, Duke of Pomerania (d. 1560)
- 1602 – Cardinal Mazarin, Italian-French cardinal and politician, 2nd Chief Minister of the French Monarch (d. 1661)
- 1608 – George Goring, Lord Goring, English general (d. 1657)
- 1610 – Ferdinando II de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1670)
- 1634 – Pasquier Quesnel, French priest and theologian (d. 1719)
- 1671 – Jacques d’Allonville, French astronomer and mathematician (d. 1732)
- 1675 – Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French general (d. 1747)
- 1676 – Caspar Abel, German historian, poet, and theologian (d. 1763)
- 1696 – William Oldys, English historian and author (d. 17610
- 1721 – John Douglas, Scottish bishop and scholar (d. 1807)
- 1743 – Gavrila Derzhavin, Russian poet and politician (d. 1816)
- 1755 – Michel de Beaupuy, French general (d. 1796)
- 1785 – Mordecai Manuel Noah, American journalist, playwright, and diplomat (d. 1851)
- 1795 – Eleanor Anne Porden, British Romantic poet; wife of the explorer, John Franklin (d. 1825)
- 1801 – Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist and anatomist (d. 1858)
- 1816 – Arthur de Gobineau, French author and diplomat (d. 1882)
- 1829 – Edward Benson, English archbishop (d. 1896)
- 1859 – Willy Hess, German violinist and educator (d. 1928)
- 1861 – Kate M. Gordon, American activist (d. 1931)
- 1862 – Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (d. 1945)
- 1862 – Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter and illustrator (d. 1918)
- 1863 – Arthur Coningham, Australian cricketer (d. 1939)
- 1865 – Arthur Capper, American journalist and politician, 20th Governor of Kansas (d. 1951)
- 1866 – Juliette Wytsman, Belgian painter (d. 1925)
- 1868 – Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist and spy (d. 1926)
- 1872 – Albert Marque, French sculptor and doll maker (d. 1939)
- 1874 – Abbas II of Egypt (d. 1944)
- 1874 – Crawford Vaughan, Australian politician, 27th Premier of South Australia (d. 1947)
- 1878 – Donald Meek, Scottish actor (d. 1946)
- 1885 – Sisavang Vong, Laotian king (d. 1959)
- 1888 – Scipio Slataper, Italian author and critic (d. 1915)
- 1889 – Marco de Gastyne, French painter and illustrator (d. 1982)
- 1889 – Ante Pavelić, Croatian fascist dictator during World War II (d. 1959)
- 1893 – Clarence J. Brown, American publisher and politician, 36th Lieutenant Governor of Ohio (d. 1965)
- 1893 – Garimella Satyanarayana, Indian poet and author (d. 1952)
- 1894 – Dave Fleischer, American animator, director, and producer (d. 1979)
- 1896 – Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish soldier and anarchist (d. 1936)
- 1898 – Happy Chandler, American lawyer and politician, 49th Governor of Kentucky, second Commissioner of Baseball (d. 1991)
- 1901 – Gerald Finzi, English composer and academic (d. 1956)
- 1901 – George Tobias, American actor (d. 1980)
- 1903 – Irving Stone, American author and educator (d. 1989)
- 1906 – Tom Carvel, Greek-American businessman, founded Carvel (d. 1990)
- 1906 – William H. Tunner, American general (d. 1983)
- 1907 – Chico Landi, Brazilian race car driver (d. 1989)
- 1910 – William Hanna, American animator, director, producer, and actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (d. 2001)
- 1911 – Pavel Prudnikau, Belarusian poet and author (d. 2000)
- 1912 – Woody Guthrie, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1967)
- 1912 – Buddy Moreno, American musician (d. 2015)
- 1913 – Gerald Ford, American commander, lawyer, and politician, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)
- 1914 – Fred Fox, French musician (d. 2019)
- 1918 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
- 1918 – Arthur Laurents, American director, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 20110
- 1918 – Jay Wright Forrester, American computer engineer and systems scientist (d. 2016)
- 1920 – Shankarrao Chavan, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Finance (d. 2004)
- 1920 – Marijohn Wilkin, American country and gospel songwriter (d. 2006)
- 1921 – Sixto Durán Ballén, American-Ecuadorian architect and politician, 48th President of Ecuador (d. 2016)
- 1921 – Leon Garfield, English author (d. 1996)
- 1921 – Armand Gaudreault, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
- 1921 – Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
- 1922 – Robin Olds, American general and pilot (d. 2007)
- 1922 – Elfriede Rinkel, German SS officer (d. 2018)
- 1922 – Käbi Laretei, Estonian-Swedish concert pianist (d. 2014)
- 1923 – René Favaloro, Argentine surgeon and cardiologist (d. 2000)
- 1923 – Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013)
- 1923 – Robert Zildjian, American businessman, founded Sabian (d. 2013)
- 1924 – Warren Giese, American football player, coach, and politician (d. 2013)
- 1925 – Bruce L. Douglas, American politician
- 1926 – Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
- 1926 – Harry Dean Stanton, American actor, musician, and singer (d. 2017)
- 1926 – Himayat Ali Shair, Urdu poet (d. 2019)
- 1927 – John Chancellor, American journalist (d. 1996)
- 1927 – Mike Esposito, American author and illustrator (d. 2010)
- 1928 – Nancy Olson, American actress
- 1928 – William Rees-Mogg, English journalist and public servant (d. 2012)
- 1930 – Polly Bergen, American actress and singer (d. 2014)
- 1930 – Benoît Sinzogan, Beninese military officer and politician
- 1931 – Jacqueline de Ribes, French fashion designer and philanthropist
- 1931 – E. V. Thompson, English police officer and author (d. 2012)
- 1932 – Rosey Grier, American football player and actor
- 1932 – Del Reeves, American country singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
- 1933 – Robert Bourassa, Canadian lawyer and politician, 22nd Premier of Quebec (d. 1996)
- 1933 – Dumaagiin Sodnom, Mongolian politician; 13th Prime Minister of Mongolia
- 1933 – Franz, Duke of Bavaria, head of the House of Wittelsbach
- 1936 – Robert F. Overmyer, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1996)
- 1937 – Yoshirō Mori, Japanese journalist and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Japan
- 1938 – Jerry Rubin, American activist, author, and businessman (d. 1994)
- 1938 – Tommy Vig, Hungarian vibraphone player, drummer, and composer
- 1939 – Karel Gott, Czech singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2019)
- 1939 – George Edgar Slusser, American scholar and author (d. 2014)
- 1940 – Susan Howatch, English author and academic
- 1941 – Maulana Karenga, American philosopher, author, and activist, created Kwanzaa
- 1941 – Andreas Khol, German-Austrian lawyer and politician
- 1942 – Javier Solana, Spanish physicist and politician, Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1945 – Jim Gordon, American drummer and songwriter
- 1946 – Sue Lawley, English journalist
- 1946 – John Wood, Australian actor and screenwriter
- 1947 – John Blackman, Australian radio and television presenter
- 1947 – Claudia J. Kennedy, American general
- 1947 – Salih Neftçi, Turkish economist and author (d. 2009)
- 1947 – Navin Ramgoolam, Mauritius physician and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Mauritius
- 1948 – Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, Zulu king
- 1948 – Tom Latham, American politician
- 1948 – Earl Williams, American baseball player (d. 2013)
- 1949 – Tommy Mottola, American businessman and music publisher
- 1950 – Bruce Oldfield, English fashion designer
- 1952 – Bob Casale, American guitarist, keyboard player, and producer (d. 2014)
- 1952 – Franklin Graham, American evangelist and missionary
- 1952 – George Lewis, American musician and composer
- 1952 – Joel Silver, American actor and producer, co-founded Dark Castle Entertainment
- 1953 – Martha Coakley, American lawyer and politician, 58th Attorney General of Massachusetts
- 1955 – L. Brent Bozell III, American journalist and activist, founded the Media Research Center
- 1958 – Mircea Geoană, Romanian politician and diplomat, 97th Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1959 – Aubrey McClendon, American businessman (d. 2016)
- 1960 – Anna Bligh, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Queensland
- 1960 – Kyle Gass, American singer-songwriter, musician, and actor
- 1960 – Angélique Kidjo, Beninese singer-songwriter, activist, and actor
- 1960 – Jane Lynch, American actress and game show host
- 1960 – Mike McPhee, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1961 – Jackie Earle Haley, American actor
- 1962 – Vanessa Lawrence, English geographer and civil servant
- 1963 – Jacques Lacombe, Canadian organist and conductor
- 1964 – Brett Ogle, Australian golfer
- 1964 – Igor Shpilband, Russian-American ice dancer and coach
- 1965 – Urmas Kruuse, Estonian lawyer and politician, 41st Mayor of Tartu
- 1965 – Collins Nweke, Belgian politician of Nigerian origin, 1st foreign born person elected to political office in West Flanders
- 1966 – Matthew Fox, American actor
- 1966 – Matt Hume, American mixed martial artist and trainer
- 1966 – Brian Selznick, American author and illustrator
- 1967 – Marios Constantinou, Cypriot footballer and manager
- 1967 – Jeff Jarrett, American wrestler and promoter, co-founder of Impact Wrestling
- 1967 – Patrick J. Kennedy, American politician
- 1967 – Hashan Tillakaratne, Sri Lankan cricketer
- 1967 – Robin Ventura, American baseball player and manager
- 1968 – Michael Palmer, Singaporean lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Parliament of Singapore
- 1969 – José Hernández, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and coach
- 1969 – Sven Sester, Estonian politician
- 1970 – Jacob Young, Norwegian guitarist
- 1971 – Howard Webb, English footballer and referee
- 1973 – Tani Fuga, Samoan rugby player
- 1973 – Paul Methric, American rapper and producer
- 1974 – Erick Dampier, American basketball player
- 1974 – David Mitchell, British comedian
- 1975 – Derlei, Brazilian footballer
- 1975 – Tim Hudson, American baseball player
- 1975 – Jamey Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1977 – Gordon Cree, Scottish singer-songwriter and pianist
- 1977 – Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
- 1978 – Mattias Ekström, Swedish race car driver
- 1979 – Bernie Castro, Dominican baseball player
- 1979 – Axel Teichmann, German skier
- 1980 – George Smith, Australian rugby player
- 1981 – Matti Hautamäki, Finnish ski jumper
- 1981 – Robbie Maddison, Australian motorcycle racer
- 1982 – Dmitry Chaplin, Russian-American dancer and choreographer
- 1982 – Achille Coser, Italian footballer
- 1983 – Igor Andreev, Russian tennis player
- 1983 – Thomas Howard, American football player (d. 2013)
- 1983 – Tito Muñoz, American conductor and academic
- 1984 – Renaldo Balkman, American basketball player
- 1984 – Erica Blasberg, American golfer (d. 2010)
- 1984 – Lenka Dlhopolcová, Slovak tennis player
- 1984 – Mounir El Hamdaoui, Moroccan footballer
- 1984 – Samir Handanović, Slovenian footballer
- 1984 – Nilmar, Brazilian footballer
- 1985 – Billy Celeski, Australian footballer
- 1985 – Darrelle Revis, American football player
- 1985 – Chris Wright, English cricketer
- 1986 – Alexander Gerndt, Swedish footballer
- 1986 – Nikolay Kulemin, Russian ice hockey player
- 1986 – Dan Smith, English singer-songwriter
- 1987 – Aqeel Ahmed, English director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1987 – Margus Hunt, Estonian-American football player, discus thrower, and shot putter
- 1987 – Adam Johnson, English footballer
- 1987 – Dan Reynolds, American singer-songwriter
- 1987 – Sean Smith, American football player
- 1987 – Ryan Sweeting, Bahamian-American tennis player
- 1988 – Conor McGregor, Irish mixed martial artist
- 1988 – Jérémy Stravius, French swimmer
- 1988 – James Vaughan, English footballer
- 1989 – Sakari Mattila, Finnish footballer
- 1989 – Rolando McClain, American football player
- 1989 – Cyril Rioli, Australian rules footballer
- 1991 – Shabazz Napier, American basketball player
- 1993 – Sayaka Yamamoto, Japanese singer
- 1995 – Megan Cunningham, Scottish footballer
- 1995 – Serge Gnabry, German footballer
- 1995 – Kim Hyo-joo, South Korean golfer
- 1995 – Federico Mattiello, Italian footballer
- 1997 – Cengiz Ünder, Turkish footballer
Deaths on July 14
- 664 – Eorcenberht, king of Kent
- 809 – Ōtomo no Otomaro, Japanese general and Shōgun (b. 731)
- 850 – Wei Fu, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- 937 – Arnulf I, duke of Bavaria
- 1223 – Philip II, king of France (b. 1165)
- 1242 – Hōjō Yasutoki, regent of Japan (b. 1183)
- 1262 – Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1222)
- 1486 – Margaret of Denmark, daughter of Christian I of Denmark (b. 1456)
- 1526 – John de Vere, 14th Earl of Oxford, English peer, landowner, and Lord Great Chamberlain of England (b. 1499)
- 1575 – Richard Taverner, English translator (b. 1505)
- 1614 – Camillus de Lellis, Italian priest and saint (b. 1550)
- 1723 – Claude Fleury, French historian and author (b. 1640)
- 1742 – Richard Bentley, English scholar and theologian (b. 1662)
- 1766 – František Maxmilián Kaňka, Czech architect (b. 1674)
- 1774 – James O’Hara, 2nd Baron Tyrawley, Irish field marshal (b. 1682)
- 1780 – Charles Batteux, French philosopher and academic (b. 1713)
- 1789 – Jacques de Flesselles, French politician (b. 1721)
- 1789 – Bernard-René de Launay, French politician (b. 1740)
- 1790 – Ernst Gideon von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (b. 1717)
- 1809 – Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Greek monk and saint (b. 1749)
- 1816 – Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan general (b. 1750)
- 1817 – Germaine de Staël, French philosopher and author (b. 1766)
- 1827 – Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist and engineer, reviver of a wave theory of light, inventor of catadioptric lighthouse lens (b. 1788)
- 1834 – Edmond-Charles Genêt, French-American diplomat (b. 1763)
- 1850 – August Neander, German historian and theologian (b. 1789)
- 1856 – Edward Vernon Utterson, English lawyer and historian (b. 1775)
- 1876 – John Buckley, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1813)
- 1881 – Billy the Kid, American criminal (b. 1859)
- 1904 – Paul Kruger, South African politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (b. 1824)
- 1907 – William Henry Perkin, English chemist and academic (b. 1838)
- 1910 – Marius Petipa, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1818)
- 1917 – Octave Lapize, French cyclist (b. 1887)
- 1918 – Quentin Roosevelt, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
- 1936 – Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (b. 1890)
- 1937 – Julius Meier, American businessman and politician, 20th Governor of Oregon (b. 1874)
- 1939 – Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (b. 1860)
- 1954 – Jacinto Benavente, Spanish author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1866)
- 1965 – Adlai Stevenson II, American soldier and politician, 5th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (b. 1900)
- 1966 – Julie Manet, French painter and art collector (b. 1878)
- 1967 – Tudor Arghezi, Romanian author and poet (b. 1880)
- 1968 – Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian author and poet (b. 1892)
- 1970 – Preston Foster, American actor (b. 1900)
- 1973 – Ali Kılıç, Turkish captain and politician (b. 1890)
- 1974 – Carl Andrew Spaatz, American general (b. 1891)
- 1975 – Madan Mohan, Iraqi-Indian composer and conductor (b. 1924)
- 1979 – Walter Keppel, 9th Earl of Albemarle, English nobleman and soldier (b. 1882)
- 1984 – Ernest Tidyman, American author and screenwriter (b. 1928)
- 1986 – Raymond Loewy, French-American industrial designer (b. 1893)
- 1989 – Frank Bell, English linguist and academic (b. 1916)
- 1991 – Constance Stokes, Australian painter (b. 1906)
- 1993 – Léo Ferré, Monacan singer-songwriter, pianist, and poet (b. 1916)
- 1994 – César Tovar, Venezuelan baseball player (b. 1940)
- 1996 – Jeff Krosnoff, American race car driver (b. 1964)
- 1998 – Richard McDonald, American businessman, co-founded McDonald’s (b. 1909)
- 2000 – Pepo, Chilean cartoonist (b. 1911)
- 2000 – William Roscoe Estep, American historian and academic (b. 1920)
- 2000 – Meredith MacRae, American actress (b. 1944)
- 2001 – Guy de Lussigny, French painter (b. 1929)
- 2002 – Joaquín Balaguer, Dominican lawyer and politician, 41st President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1906)
- 2002 – Fritz Glatz, Austrian race car driver (b. 1943)
- 2003 – François-Albert Angers, Canadian economist and academic (b. 1909)
- 2005 – Joe Harnell, American pianist and composer (b. 1924)
- 2005 – Cicely Saunders, English hospice founder (b. 1918)
- 2007 – John Ferguson Sr., Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1938)
- 2012 – John Arbuthnott, 16th Viscount of Arbuthnott, Scottish businessman and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire (b. 1924)
- 2012 – Don Brinkley, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
- 2012 – Frank R. Burns, American football player and coach (b. 1928)
- 2012 – King Hill, American football player (b. 1936)
- 2012 – Sixten Jernberg, Swedish skier (b. 1929)
- 2012 – Roy Shaw, English businessman and boxer (b. 1936)
- 2013 – Herbert M. Allison, American lieutenant and businessman (b. 1943)
- 2013 – Matt Batts, American baseball player and coach (b. 1921)
- 2013 – Dennis Burkley, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1945)
- 2013 – Bill Warner, American motorcycle racer (b. 1969)
- 2013 – Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1946)
- 2014 – Alice Coachman, American high jumper (b. 1923)
- 2014 – Vange Leonel, Brazilian singer-songwriter and activist (b. 1963)
- 2014 – John Victor Parker, American soldier, lawyer, and judge (b. 1928)
- 2015 – Willer Bordon, Italian businessman, academic, and politician, Italian Minister of the Environment (b. 1949)
- 2015 – Wolf Gremm, German director and producer (b. 1942)
- 2015 – Masao Horiba, Japanese businessman, founded Horiba (b. 1924)
- 2016 – Helena Benitez, Filipino politician, educator and environmentalist (b. 1914)
- 2017 – Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (b. 1977)
Holidays and observances on July 14
- Christian feast day:
- Boniface of Savoy
- Camillus de Lellis (Roman Catholic Church, except in the United States)
- Deusdedit of Canterbury
- Francis Solanus
- Gaspar de Bono
- Idus of Leinster
- Kateri Tekakwitha (United States)
- Samson Occom (Episcopal Church (United States))
- John Keble (Church of England)
- Libert of Saint-Trond
- Ulrich of Zell
- July 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Bastille Day (France and French dependencies)
- Birthday of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, an official flag day. (Sweden)
- Republic Day (Iraq)
- Hondurans’ Day (Honduras)
- Black Country Day, (United Kingdom)
PPSC JUNIOR PATROL OFFICER PAST PAPERS 2017
JUNIOR PATROL OFFICER PAST PAPERS PPSC 2017
Tarbela Dam is on ______ River.
Indus
Jhelum
Ravi
None of these
Who is Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtoon Khawah (KPK)?
Pavez Khatak
Imran Khan
Ameer Haidar Khan Hoti
None of these
Which personality represented Pakistan in UNO?
Patras Bukhari
Faiz Ahmad Faiz
Perveen Shakar
Munir Niazi
Durand Line is between
Pakistan and Afghanistan
Pakistan and China
Pakistan and Iran
Pakistan and India
How many Round Table Conferences were held?
3
5
4
2
Who wrote “Friends, Not Masters”?
Ayub Khan
Zia-ul-Haq
Zulifqar Ali Bhutto
Quaid-e-Azam
Youm-e-Takbeer is celebrated on the 28th of May each year in commemoration of
Nuclear Test
Independence Day
Day of Deliverance
None of these
When first constitution of Pakistan was enacted?
1956
1962
1973
None of these
Indus Basin Treaty was held in the reign of
Ayub Khan
Zia-ul-Haq
Yahya Khan
Zulifqar Ali Bhutto
Dia Mir Bhasha Day is in
Gilgit
Chitral
Mansehra
Peshawar
Quran revealed in _________ years.
23
25
24
21
When Holy Prophet (PBUH) died?
632 AD
633 AD
635 AD
630 AD
Who founded Baghdad?
Al-Mansur
Haroon-ur-Rashid
Mamoon-ur-Rashid
None of these
Who wrote Spirit of Islam?
Syed Ameer Ali
Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Ch. Rehmat Ali
Which province of Pakistan is least populated?
Balochistan
Punjab
Sindh
Khybar Pakhtoon Khawa
Who introduced “Basic Democracy” for the first time in Pakistan?
Ayub Khan
Yahya Khan
Zulifqar Ali Bhutto
Zia-ul-Haq
Which of the following was the Ottoman capital?
Constantinople
Baghdad
Cairo
None of these
The tribe of Hazrat Usman (R.A) was
Omayyad
Adi
Banu Tameem
None of these
Who was called Conqueror of Egypt (Fateh Misr)?
Hazrat Sa’ad Bin Abi Waqas (R.A)
Hazrat Ali (R.A)
Hazrat Khalid Bin Walid (R.A)
Hazrat Umar (R.A)
Najashi was the king of
Ethiopia
Iran
Syria
Yemen
Muhammad Bin Qasim is closely related to
Hajjaj Bin Yousaf
Haroon Rashid
Mamoon Rashid
Salah-ud-Din Ayubi
How many chapters (Parahs) in Quran?
30
25
114
28
Who was the first Muslim King of India?
Qutab-ud-Din Aibak
Muhammad bin Qasim
Babar
None of these
River Tigris is in
Iraq
Iran
Egypt
Syria
Ushr is
1/10th
1/20th
1/25th
1/40th
Who wrote Kitab-ul-Hind?
Al-Beroni
Ibn-ul-Haitham
Ibn-e-Batoota
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Who was named as Saif-Ullah?
Hazrat Khalid Bin Waleed (R.A)
Hazrat Ali (R.A)
Hazrat Umar (R.A)
Hazrat Sa’ad Bin Abi Waqas (R.A)
Nature of Novels of Nasim Hijazi is
Historical
Political
Romantic
Social
Native country of Alexander is
Macedonia
Iraq
Abyssinia
Syria
Theory of Evolution is associated with
Darwin
Mandal
Robin
None of these
Sherlock Holmes is associated with
Arthur Conan Doyle
Jonathan Aims
Nancy Drew
Tom Swift
Taliban recently opened their office in
Doha
Abu Dhabi
Dubai
Muscat
American President Barrack Obama’s political party is
Democrates
Republican
Labour
None of these
Currently, GST in Pakistan is
17%
15%
16%
18%
Who has portfolio of Defense?
Nawaz Sharif
Sartaj Aziz
Zahid Hamid
Ch. Nisar Ali Khan
Who is president of Iran?
Hussan Rohani
Mahmoud Ahmdinejad
Ali Khameni
None of these
Al-Taqseem Square is in
Istanbul
Cairo
Islamabad
Tunis City
ICC Championship was played in
England
India
Sri Lank
West Indies
Titanic is
Ship
Aeroplan
Supersonic Fighter Jet
Bullet Train
Who was the president of America, during the American Civil War?
Abraham Lincoln
George Washington
J.F Kennedy
George W. Bush Senior
Third Marshal Law in Pakistan was imposed on
5 July 1977
4 July 1977
6 July 1977
7 July 1977
Which of the following Muslims was Pan-Islamism during 19th Century?
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Syed Ameer Ali
Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar
Sir Agha Kan
Who is president of Syria?
Bashar al-Assad
Abdul Halim Khaddam
Husni Mubarak
Muhammad Mursi
Which of the following American presidents was killed?
- F. Kennedy
Richard Nixon
George Washington
None of these
Aswan Dam is in
Egypt
Iran
Iraq
Saudi Arabia
Who gifted Statue of Liberity to the United States of America
France
Germany
Israel
Great Britain
Prague is capital of
Czech Republic
Poland
Hungry
Iceland
Which of following Islamic countries has 2500 islands?
Indonesia
Malaysia
Sudan
Saudi Arabia
Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated in
War of Waterloo
War of Buxor
War of Plassey
None of these
Who is incumbent British Prime Minister?
David Cameron
Tony Blair
Barack Obama
None of these
Who compiled Guru Granth?
Guru Nanak
Guru Amardas
Guru Ramdas
Guru Karishn
Who compiled Guru Granth?
Guru Nanak
Guru Amardas
Guru Ramdas
Guru Karishn
Mother Teresa was
Social Worker
Politician
Musician
President
Which of the following kings was assassinated?
Martin Luther King
Julius Caesar
Alexander
Napoleon Bonaparte
By profession, Prime Minister Man Mohan Singh is
Economist
Scientist
Doctor
Lawyer
Which was the capital of British Indian before Delhi?
Kolkata
Mumbai
Madras
Bangal
Torah is associated with
Hazrat Musa A.S
Hazrat Dawood A.S
Hazrat Musa A.S
None of these
Who is founder of All India Congress?
- O Hume
Nehro
Gandhi
None of these
Naqsh-e-Faryadi is written by
Faiz Ahmad Faiz
Ahmad Sarfraz
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
Allama Iqbal
Yen is currency of
Japan
China
Hong Kong
South Korea
Pelle was famous player of
Footbal
Hockey
Cricket
Tannis
Old name of Netherlands is
Holland
Iceland
Federland
Land of Republic
In Roman counting, XV is
15
20
5
10
Confucius is ancient philosopher of
China
Greek
Russia
America
UNO Head quarter is located in
New York
Washington
London
Paris
Mohanjo Daro is in
Sindh
Punjab
KPK
Balochistan
Who introduced the Law of Motion?
Newton
Feraday
Fleming
Einstein
Dermatology is disease of
Skin
Lungs
Heart
Brain
Who introduced Principle of Gravity?
Newton
Einstein
Mandal
Ashamedas
Solar eclipse occurs when
Moon comes between Earth and Sun
Earth comes between Moon and Sun
Earth, Moon and Sun are in same line
None of these
Who was the first man at moon?
Neil Armstrong
Yuri Gagarin
Buzz Aldrin
None of these
Rain fall in measured with
Rain Gauge
Rain Rode
Rain Meter
Hydro Meter
Who is inventor of computer operating system “Windows”?
Bill Gates
Malinda Gates
Steve Jobs
Larry Page
Bronchitis is associated with
Lungs
Heart
Brain
Respirator Cavity
A person or group made to bear the blame for others or to suffer in their place
Scapegoat
Sufferer
Victim
None of these
On doing it daily, the task soon became a leisurely.
Routine
Programme
Task
Work
Pick up the nearly associated word of “To be at arm’s length”
Distance
Work
Sight
Body
Turn on one’s heel mean to return
Quickly
Sharply
Instantly
None of these
Shortsightedness is
Myopia
Hydrophobia
Hyperopia
None of these
Calculate: 9999+8888+777-?=19700
36
30
35
34
Calculate: 0.8+0.05+0.369+0.7683=?
1.9873
1.9573
1.7398
1.9078
Calculate: 6.837+3.1469=?
9.9839
15
11
8.2445
Calculate: 15-6.837-3.1469=?
5.0161
5
4.0161
6.0161
Ali earns Rs. 20.56 on first day, Rs. 32.90 on second and Rs. 20.78 on third day of week. If he spend half of the amount he earned in first three days of week, find out the remaining amount.
Rs. 37.12
Rs. 37
Rs. 35.12
Rs.36.12
Solve: Under Root of 10 x Under Root of 250
50
100
25
10
Find out the highest ratio
7:15
9:15
25:29
18:24
If 314 men print 6594 papers in 10 minutes, then find out the average printing of each man in 1 minute.
2.1
2
3.1
4
Calculate: 4.56+3.82+5.06=?
13.44
14.44
12.44
11.44
Solve: 0.8/10=?
0.08
80
88
8
How many figures up to 100 can be divided by 7?
14
13
12
10
Water is _________ for life.
Indispensable
Inevitable
Needed
Required
Objective Resolution was passed in
1949
1940
1950
1947
First General Elections were held on in Pakistan in
1970
1985
1998
1957
Deficit Financing is
Printing new currency
Paying back loan
Brain drain
None of these
Alexander’s native land is
Macedonia
Germany
Italy
Britain
There are how many planets in universe?
8
9
10
11
Jabir Bin Hayan was a famous Muslim __________.
Chemist
Physicist
Discoverer
Teacher
I will not join Army as it is against my
Creed
Ethics
Beliefs
Taste
I will not be ________ to the mistakes made by him.
Answerable
Indispensable
Reliable
Accountable