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March 13 in History
- 1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years’ War.
- 1591 – At the Battle of Tondibi in Mali, Moroccan forces of the Saadi dynasty, led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one.
- 1639 – Harvard College is named after clergyman John Harvard.
- 1697 – Nojpetén, capital of the last independent Maya kingdom, fell to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala.
- 1741 – The Battle of Cartagena de Indias (part of the War of Jenkins’ Ear) begins..
- 1809 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden is deposed in the Coup of 1809.
- 1826 – Pope Leo XII publishes the apostolic constitution Quo Graviora in which he renewed the prohibition on Catholics joining freemasonry.
- 1845 – Felix Mendelssohn’s Violin Concerto receives its première performance in Leipzig with Ferdinand David as soloist.
- 1848 – The German revolutions of 1848–1849 begin in Vienna.
- 1862 – The Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves was passed by the United States Congress, effectively annulling the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and setting the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation.
- 1881 – Alexander II of Russia is assassinated.
- 1884 – The Siege of Khartoum begins. It lasts until January 26, 1885.
- 1900 – British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State, during the Second Boer War.
- 1920 – The Kapp Putsch briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin.
- 1930 – The news of the discovery of Pluto is announced by Lowell Observatory.
- 1933 – Banks in the U.S. begin to re-open after the three-day national “bank holiday” mandated by the Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Emergency Banking Act.
- 1943 – German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
- 1954 – The Battle of Điện Biên Phủ begins with an artillery barrage by Viet Minh forces under Võ Nguyên Giáp; Viet Minh victory lead to the end of the First Indochina War and French withdrawal from Vietnam.
- 1957 – Cuban student revolutionaries storm the presidential palace in Havana in a failed attempt on the life of President Fulgencio Batista.
- 1969 – Apollo 9 returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module.
- 1979 – The New Jewel Movement, headed by Maurice Bishop, ousts the Prime Minister of Grenada, Eric Gairy, in a coup d’état.
- 1988 – The Seikan Tunnel, the longest undersea tunnel in the world, opens between Aomori and Hakodate, Japan.
- 1992 – The Mw 6.6 Erzincan earthquake strikes eastern Turkey with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe).
- 1996 – The Dunblane massacre leads to the death of sixteen primary school children and one teacher in Dunblane, Scotland.
- 1997 – The Missionaries of Charity choose Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as their leader.
- 2003 – An article in Nature identifies the Ciampate del Diavolo as 350,000-year-old hominid footprints.
- 2012 – The Sierre coach crash kills 28 people, including 22 children.
- 2013 – The 2013 papal conclave elects Pope Francis as the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church.
- 2016 – The Ankara bombing kills at least 37 people.
- 2016 – Three gunmen attack two hotels in the Ivory Coast town of Grand-Bassam, killing at least 19 people.
Births on March 13
- 1372 – Louis I, Duke of Orléans (d. 1407)
- 1479 – Lazarus Spengler, German hymnwriter (d. 1534)
- 1560 – William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, Dutch count (d. 1620)
- 1593 – Georges de La Tour, French painter (probable; d. 1652)
- 1599 – John Berchmans, Belgian Jesuit scholastic and saint (d. 1621)
- 1615 – Innocent XII, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1700)
- 1683 – Johann Wilhelm Weinmann, German botanist (d. 1741)
- 1700 – Michel Blavet, French flute player and composer (d. 1768)
- 1719 – John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Essex (d. 1797)
- 1720 – Charles Bonnet, Swiss historian and author (d. 1793)
- 1741 – Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1790)
- 1763 – Guillaume Brune, French general and diplomat (d. 1815)
- 1764 – Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1845)
- 1770 – Daniel Lambert, English animal breeder (d. 1809)
- 1781 – Karl Friedrich Schinkel, German painter and architect, designed the Konzerthaus Berlin (d. 1841)
- 1798 – Abigail Fillmore, American wife of Millard Fillmore, 14th First Lady of the United States (d. 1853)
- 1800 – Mustafa Reşid Pasha, Ottoman politician, 212th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1858)
- 1815 – James Curtis Hepburn, American physician, linguist, and missionary (d. 1911)
- 1825 – Hans Gude, Norwegian-German painter and academic (d. 1903)
- 1855 – Percival Lowell, American astronomer and mathematician (d. 1916)
- 1857 – B. H. Roberts, English-American historian and politician (d. 1933)
- 1860 – Hugo Wolf, Slovene-Austrian composer (d. 1903)
- 1862 – Paul Prosper Henrys, French general (d. 1943)
- 1864 – Alexej von Jawlensky, Russian-German painter (d. 1941)
- 1870 – William Glackens, American painter and illustrator (d. 1938)
- 1874 – Ellery Harding Clark, American jumper, coach, and lawyer (d. 1949)
- 1880 – Josef Gočár, Czech architect (d. 1945)
- 1883 – Enrico Toselli, Italian pianist and composer (d. 1926)
- 1884 – Hugh Walpole, New Zealand-English author and educator (d. 1941)
- 1886 – Home Run Baker, American baseball player and manager (d. 1963)
- 1886 – Albert William Stevens, American captain and photographer (d. 1949)
- 1888 – Paul Morand, French author and diplomat (d. 1976)
- 1890 – Fritz Busch, German conductor and director (d. 1951)
- 1892 – Janet Flanner, American journalist and author (d. 1978)
- 1897 – Yeghishe Charents, Armenian poet and activist (d. 1937)
- 1898 – Henry Hathaway, American director and producer (d. 1985)
- 1899 – John Hasbrouck Van Vleck, American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1980)
- 1899 – Pancho Vladigerov, Bulgarian pianist and composer (d. 1978)
- 1900 – Andrée Bosquet, Belgian painter (d. 1980)
- 1900 – Giorgos Seferis, Greek poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
- 1902 – Hans Bellmer, German-French painter and sculptor (d. 1975)
- 1904 – Clifford Roach, Trinidadian cricketer and footballer (d. 1988)
- 1907 – Dorothy Tangney, Australian politician (d. 1985)
- 1908 – Walter Annenberg, American publisher, philanthropist, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (d. 2002)
- 1908 – Myrtle Bachelder, American chemist and Women’s Army Corps officer (d. 1997)
- 1910 – Sammy Kaye, American saxophonist, songwriter, and bandleader (d. 1987)
- 1910 – Kemal Tahir, Turkish journalist and author (d. 1973)
- 1911 – José Ardévol, Cuban composer and conductor (d. 1981)
- 1913 – William J. Casey, American politician, 13th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 1987)
- 1913 – Sergey Mikhalkov, Russian author and playwright (d. 2009)
- 1914 – W. O. Mitchell, Canadian author and playwright (d. 1998)
- 1914 – Edward O’Hare, American lieutenant and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1943)
- 1916 – Lindy Boggs, American educator and politician, 5th United States Ambassador to the Holy See (d. 2013)
- 1916 – Jacque Fresco, American engineer and academic (d. 2017)
- 1920 – Ralph J. Roberts, American businessman, co-founded Comcast (d. 2015)
- 1921 – Al Jaffee, American cartoonist
- 1923 – Dimitrios Ioannidis, Greek general (d. 2010)
- 1925 – Roy Haynes, American drummer and composer
- 1926 – Carlos Roberto Reina, Honduran lawyer and politician, President of Honduras (d. 2003)
- 1929 – Zbigniew Messner, Polish economist and politician, 9th Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland (d. 2014)
- 1933 – Mahdi Elmandjra, Moroccan economist and sociologist (d. 2014)
- 1933 – Gero von Wilpert, German author and academic (d. 2009)
- 1935 – David Nobbs, English author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
- 1938 – Robert Gammage, American captain and politician (d. 2012)
- 1939 – Neil Sedaka, American singer-songwriter and pianist
- 1941 – Donella Meadows, American environmentalist, author, and academic (d. 2001)
- 1942 – Dave Cutler, American computer scientist and engineer
- 1942 – Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet and author (d. 2008)
- 1944 – Terence Burns, Baron Burns, English economist and academic
- 1945 – Anatoly Fomenko, Russian mathematician and academic
- 1946 – Yonatan Netanyahu, American-Israeli colonel (d. 1976)
- 1947 – Lesley Collier, English ballerina and educator
- 1947 – Beat Richner, Swiss pediatrician and cellist (d. 2018)
- 1947 – Lyn St. James, American race car driver
- 1949 – Ze’ev Bielski, Israeli politician
- 1949 – Sian Elias, New Zealand lawyer and politician, 12th Chief Justice of New Zealand
- 1950 – Bernard Julien, Trinidadian cricketer
- 1950 – Charles Krauthammer, American physician, journalist, and author (d. 2018)
- 1950 – William H. Macy, American actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1951 – Charo, Spanish-American singer, guitarist, and actress
- 1952 – Wolfgang Rihm, German composer and educator
- 1952 – Tim Sebastian, English journalist and author
- 1953 – Andy Bean, American golfer
- 1953 – Michael Curry, 27th presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church
- 1954 – Valerie Amos, Baroness Amos, Guyanese-English politician and diplomat
- 1954 – Robin Duke, Canadian actress and screenwriter
- 1955 – Bruno Conti, Italian footballer and manager
- 1955 – Glenne Headly, American actress (d. 2017)
- 1955 – Olga Rukavishnikova, Russian pentathlete
- 1956 – Dana Delany, American actress and producer
- 1957 – John Hoeven, American banker and politician, 31st Governor of North Dakota
- 1957 – Moses Hogan, American composer and conductor (d. 2003)
- 1958 – Mágico González, Salvadoran footballer
- 1958 – Rick Lazio, American lawyer and politician
- 1958 – Caryl Phillips, Caribbean-English author and playwright
- 1959 – Dirk Wellham, Australian cricketer
- 1960 – Adam Clayton, English-born Irish musician and songwriter
- 1960 – Joe Ranft, American animator, screenwriter, and voice actor (d. 2005)
- 1963 – Vance Johnson, American football player
- 1964 – Will Clark, American baseball player
- 1966 – Chico Science, Brazilian singer-songwriter (d. 1997)
- 1967 – Andrés Escobar, Colombian footballer (d. 1994)
- 1967 – Pieter Vink, Dutch footballer and referee
- 1970 – Tim Story, American director and producer
- 1971 – Annabeth Gish, American actress
- 1971 – Allan Nielsen, Danish international footballer, midfielder and manager
- 1972 – Common, American rapper and actor
- 1973 – Edgar Davids, Surinamese born Dutch international footballer midfielder and manager
- 1973 – Bobby Jackson, American basketball player and coach
- 1974 – Thomas Enqvist, Swedish tennis player and sportscaster
- 1975 – Mark Clattenburg, English football referee
- 1976 – Troy Hudson, American basketball player and rapper
- 1976 – Danny Masterson, American actor and producer
- 1978 – Tom Danielson, American cyclist
- 1978 – Kenny Watson, American football player
- 1979 – Johan Santana, Venezuelan-American baseball player
- 1979 – Cédric Van Branteghem, Belgian sprinter
- 1980 – Caron Butler, American basketball player
- 1982 – Nicole Ohlde, American basketball player
- 1983 – Kaitlin Sandeno, American swimmer
- 1984 – Geeta Basra, Indian actress
- 1985 – Alcides Araújo Alves, Brazilian footballer
- 1985 – Emile Hirsch, American actor
- 1986 – Neil Wagner, South African-New Zealand cricketer
- 1987 – Marco Andretti, American race car driver
- 1987 – Andreas Beck, German footballer
- 1988 – Furdjel Narsingh, Dutch footballer
- 1989 – Holger Badstuber, German footballer
- 1989 – Marko Marin, German footballer
- 1989 – Robert Wickens, Canadian racing driver
- 1990 – Anicet Abel, Malagasy footballer
- 1991 – Daniel Greig, Australian speed skater
- 1991 – Tristan Thompson, American basketball player
- 1994 – Gerard Deulofeu, Spanish footballer
- 1995 – Mikaela Shiffrin, American skier
- 1998 – Jay-Roy Grot, Dutch footballer
Deaths on March 13
- 1202 – Mieszko III the Old, king of Poland (b. c. 1121)
- 1271 – Henry of Almain, English knight (b. 1235)
- 1415 – Minye Kyawswa, Crown Prince of Ava (b. 1391)
- 1447 – Shah Rukh, Timurid ruler of Persia and Transoxania (b. 1377)
- 1573 – Michel de l’Hôpital, French politician (b. 1507)
- 1601 – Henry Cuffe, Politician (b. 1563)
- 1619 – Richard Burbage, English actor (b. 1567)
- 1711 – Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, French poet and critic (b. 1636)
- 1719 – Johann Friedrich Böttger, German chemist and potter (b. 1682)
- 1800 – Nana Fadnavis, Indian minister and politician (b. 1742)
- 1808 – Christian VII of Denmark (b. 1749)
- 1823 – John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, English admiral and politician (b. 1735)
- 1833 – William Bradley, English lieutenant and cartographer (b. 1757)
- 1842 – Henry Shrapnel, English general (b. 1761)
- 1854 – Jean-Baptiste de Villèle, French politician, 6th Prime Minister of France (b. 1773)
- 1873 – David Swinson Maynard, American physician, lawyer, and businessman (b. 1808)
- 1879 – Adolf Anderssen, German mathematician and chess player (b. 1818)
- 1881 – Alexander II of Russia (b. 1818)
- 1884 – Leland Stanford Jr., American son of Leland Stanford (b. 1868)
- 1885 – Giorgio Mitrovich, Maltese politician (b. 1795)
- 1901 – Benjamin Harrison, American general and politician, 23rd President of the United States (b. 1833)
- 1906 – Susan B. Anthony, American activist (b. 1820)
- 1912 – Eugène-Étienne Taché, Canadian engineer and architect, designed the Parliament Building (b. 1836)
- 1921 – Jenny Twitchell Kempton, American opera singer and educator (b. 1835)
- 1936 – Francis Bell, New Zealand lawyer and politician, 20th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1851)
- 1938 – Clarence Darrow, American lawyer and author (b. 1857)
- 1943 – Stephen Vincent Benét, American poet, short story writer, and novelist (b. 1898)
- 1946 – Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal (b. 1878)
- 1962 – Anne Acheson, Irish sculptor (d. 1882)
- 1965 – Vittorio Jano, Italian engineer (b. 1891)
- 1965 – Fan Noli, Albanian-American bishop and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1882)
- 1971 – Rockwell Kent, American painter and illustrator (b. 1882)
- 1972 – Tony Ray-Jones, English photographer (b. 1941)
- 1975 – Ivo Andrić, Yugoslav novelist, poet, and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
- 1976 – Ole Haugsrud, American sports executive (b. 1900)
- 1983 – Paul Citroen, German-Dutch illustrator and educator (b. 1896)
- 1990 – Bruno Bettelheim, Austrian-American psychologist and author (b. 1903)
- 1995 – Odette Hallowes, French nurse and spy (b. 1912)
- 1996 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish director and screenwriter (b. 1941)
- 1998 – Judge Dread, English singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
- 1998 – Hans von Ohain, German-American physicist and engineer (b. 1911)
- 1999 – Lee Falk, American cartoonist, director, and producer (b. 1911)
- 1999 – Garson Kanin, American director and screenwriter (b. 1912)
- 2001 – John A. Alonzo, American actor and cinematographer (b. 1934)
- 2001 – Encarnacion Alzona, Filipino historian and educator (b. 1895)
- 2002 – Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher and scholar (b. 1900)
- 2004 – Franz König, Austrian cardinal (b. 1905)
- 2006 – Robert C. Baker, American businessman, invented the chicken nugget (b. 1921)
- 2006 – Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer (b. 1944)
- 2006 – Maureen Stapleton, American actress (b. 1925)
- 2007 – Arnold Skaaland, American wrestler and manager (b. 1925)
- 2009 – Betsy Blair, American actress (b. 1923)
- 2009 – Alan W. Livingston, American businessman (b. 1917)
- 2010 – Jean Ferrat, French singer-songwriter (b. 1930)
- 2011 – Rick Martin, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1951)
- 2014 – Reubin Askew, American sergeant, lawyer, and politician, 37th Governor of Florida (b. 1928)
- 2014 – Edward Haughey, Baron Ballyedmond, Irish businessman and politician (b. 1944)
- 2014 – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, Sierra Leonean economist, lawyer, and politician, 3rd President of Sierra Leone (b. 1932)
- 2014 – Icchokas Meras, Lithuanian-Israeli author and screenwriter (b. 1934)
- 2015 – Al Rosen, American baseball player and manager (b. 1924)
- 2016 – Hilary Putnam, American philosopher, mathematician, and computer scientist (b. 1926)
- 2017 – Amy Krouse Rosenthal, American author (b. 1965)
- 2018 – Emily Nasrallah, Lebanese writer and women’s rights activist. (b. 1931)
Holidays and observances on March 13
- Christian feast days:
- Ansovinus
- Gerald of Mayo
- James Theodore Holly (Episcopal Church (USA))
- Nicephorus
- Roderick
- March 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Kasuga Matsuri (Kasuga Grand Shrine, Nara, Japan)
- National Elephant Day (Thailand)
- Africa Scout Day
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March 4 in History
- AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title princeps iuventutis (head of the youth).
- 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia.
- 852 – Croatian Knez Trpimir I issues a statute, a document with the first known written mention of the Croats name in Croatian sources.
- 938 – Translation of the relics of martyr Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, Prince of the Czechs.
- 1152 – Frederick I Barbarossa is elected King of Germany.
- 1238 – The Battle of the Sit River is fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under Yuri II of Vladimir-Suzdal during the Mongol invasion of Rus’.
- 1351 – Ramathibodi becomes King of Siam.
- 1386 – Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila) is crowned King of Poland.
- 1461 – Wars of the Roses in England: Lancastrian King Henry VI is deposed by his House of York cousin, who then becomes King Edward IV.
- 1493 – Explorer Christopher Columbus arrives back in Lisbon, Portugal, aboard his ship Niña from his voyage to what are now The Bahamas and other islands in the Caribbean.
- 1519 – Hernán Cortés arrives in Mexico in search of the Aztec civilization and its wealth.
- 1628 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal charter.
- 1665 – English King Charles II declares war on the Netherlands marking the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
- 1675 – John Flamsteed is appointed the first Astronomer Royal of England.
- 1681 – Charles II grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.
- 1776 – American Revolutionary War: The Continental Army fortifies Dorchester Heights with cannon, leading the British troops to abandon the Siege of Boston.
- 1789 – In New York City, the first Congress of the United States meets, putting the United States Constitution into effect. The United States Bill of Rights is written and proposed to Congress.
- 1790 – France is divided into 83 départements, cutting across the former provinces in an attempt to dislodge regional loyalties based on ownership of land by the nobility.
- 1791 – The Constitutional Act of 1791 is introduced by the British House of Commons in London which envisages the separation of Canada into Lower Canada (Quebec) and Upper Canada (Ontario).
- 1791 – Vermont is admitted to the United States as the fourteenth state.
- 1794 – The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is passed by the U.S. Congress.
- 1797 – John Adams is inaugurated as the 2nd President of the United States of America, becoming the first President to begin his presidency on March 4.
- 1804 – Castle Hill Rebellion: Irish convicts rebel against British colonial authority in the Colony of New South Wales.
- 1813 – Cyril VI of Constantinople is elected Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
- 1814 – Americans defeat British forces at the Battle of Longwoods between London, Ontario and Thamesville, near present-day Wardsville, Ontario.
- 1837 – The city of Chicago is incorporated.
- 1848 – Carlo Alberto di Savoia signs the Statuto Albertino that will later represent the first constitution of the Regno d’Italia.
- 1849 – President-Elect Zachary Taylor and Vice President-Elect Millard Fillmore did not take their respective oaths of office (they did so the following day), leading to the erroneous theory that outgoing President pro tempore of the United States Senate David Rice Atchison had assumed the role of acting president for one day.
- 1861 – The first national flag of the Confederate States of America (the “Stars and Bars”) is adopted.
- 1865 – The third and final national flag of the Confederate States of America is adopted by the Confederate Congress.
- 1882 – Britain’s first electric trams run in east London.
- 1890 – The longest bridge in Great Britain, the Forth Bridge in Scotland, measuring 1,710 feet (520 m) long, is opened by the Duke of Rothesay, later King Edward VII.
- 1899 – Cyclone Mahina sweeps in north of Cooktown, Queensland, with a 12 metres (39 ft) wave that reaches up to 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) inland, killing over 300.
- 1908 – The Collinwood school fire, Collinwood near Cleveland, Ohio, kills 174 people.
- 1909 – U.S. President William Taft used what became known as a Saxbe fix, a mechanism to avoid the restriction of the U.S. Constitution’s Ineligibility Clause, to appoint Philander C. Knox as U.S. Secretary of State.
- 1913 – First Balkan War: The Greek army engages the Turks at Bizani, resulting in victory two days later.
- 1913 – The United States Department of Labor is formed.
- 1917 – Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first female member of the United States House of Representatives.
- 1933 – Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the 32nd President of the United States.
- 1933 – Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, the first female member of the United States Cabinet.
- 1933 – The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure – Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates an authoritarian rule by decree.
- 1941 – World War II: The United Kingdom launches Operation Claymore on the Lofoten Islands; the first large scale British Commando raid.
- 1943 – World War II: The Battle of the Bismarck Sea in the south-west Pacific comes to an end.
- 1943 – World War II: The Battle of Fardykambos, one of the first major battles between the Greek Resistance and the occupying Royal Italian Army, begins. It ends on 6 March with the surrender of an entire Italian battalion and the liberation of the town of Grevena.
- 1944 – World War II: After the success of Big Week, the USAAF begins a daylight bombing campaign of Berlin.
- 1957 – The S&P 500 stock market index is introduced, replacing the S&P 90.
- 1960 – The French freighter La Coubre explodes in Havana, Cuba, killing 100.
- 1962 – A Caledonian Airways Douglas DC-7 crashes shortly after takeoff from Cameroon, killing 111 – the worst crash of a DC-7.
- 1966 – A Canadian Pacific Air Lines DC-8-43 explodes on landing at Tokyo International Airport, killing 64 people.
- 1966 – In an interview in the London Evening Standard, The Beatles’ John Lennon declares that the band is “more popular than Jesus now”.
- 1970 – French submarine Eurydice explodes underwater, resulting in the loss of the entire 57-man crew.
- 1974 – People magazine is published for the first time in the United States as People Weekly.
- 1976 – The Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention is formally dissolved in Northern Ireland resulting in direct rule of Northern Ireland from London by the British parliament.
- 1977 – The 1977 Vrancea earthquake in eastern and southern Europe kills more than 1,500, mostly in Bucharest, Romania.
- 1980 – Nationalist leader Robert Mugabe wins a sweeping election victory to become Zimbabwe’s first black prime minister.
- 1985 – The Food and Drug Administration approves a blood test for AIDS infection, used since then for screening all blood donations in the United States.
- 1986 – The Soviet Vega 1 begins returning images of Halley’s Comet and the first images of its nucleus.
- 1990 – American basketball player Hank Gathers dies after collapsing during the semifinals of a West Coast Conference Tournament game.
- 1996 – A derailed train in Weyauwega, Wisconsin (USA) causes the emergency evacuation of 2,300 people for 16 days.
- 1998 – Gay rights: Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc.: The Supreme Court of the United States rules that federal laws banning on-the-job sexual harassment also apply when both parties are the same sex.
- 2001 – BBC bombing: A massive car bomb explodes in front of the BBC Television Centre in London, seriously injuring one person; the attack was attributed to the Real IRA.
- 2002 – Afghanistan: Seven American Special Operations Forces soldiers and 200 Al-Qaeda Fighters are killed as American forces attempt to infiltrate the Shah-i-Kot Valley on a low-flying helicopter reconnaissance mission.
- 2009 – The International Criminal Court (ICC) issues an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir for war crimes and crimes against humanity in Darfur. Al-Bashir is the first sitting head of state to be indicted by the ICC since its establishment in 2002.
- 2012 – A series of explosions is reported at a munitions dump in Brazzaville, the capital of the Republic of the Congo, killing at least 250 people.
- 2015 – At least 34 miners die in a suspected gas explosion at the Zasyadko coal mine in the rebel-held Donetsk region of Ukraine.
- 2018 – Former MI6 spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter are poisoned with a Novichok nerve agent in Salisbury, England, causing a diplomatic uproar that results in mass-expulsions of diplomats from all countries involved.
- 2019 – The Indian Attack submarine was spotted by the Pakistan Navy.
- 2020 – Former Daredevil Nik Wallenda is the first person to walk over the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua.
Births on March 4
- 895 – Liu Zhiyuan, founder of the Later Han Dynasty (d. 948)
- 977 – Al-Musabbihi, Fatimid historian and official (d. 1030)
- 1188 – Blanche of Castile, French queen consort (d. 1252)
- 1394 – Henry the Navigator, Portuguese explorer (d. 1460)
- 1484 – George, margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (d. 1543)
- 1492 – Francesco de Layolle, Italian organist and composer (d. 1540)
- 1502 – Elisabeth of Hesse, princess of Saxony (d. 1557)
- 1519 – Hindal Mirza, Mughal emperor (d. 1551)
- 1526 – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (d. 1596)
- 1602 – Kanō Tan’yū, Japanese painter (d. 1674)
- 1634 – Kazimierz Łyszczyński, Polish philosopher (d. 1689)
- 1651 – John Somers, 1st Baron Somers, English lawyer, jurist, and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (d. 1716)
- 1655 – Fra Galgario, Italian painter (d. 1743)
- 1665 – Philip Christoph von Königsmarck, Swedish soldier (d. 1694)
- 1678 – Antonio Vivaldi, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1741)
- 1702 – Jack Sheppard, English criminal (d. 1724)
- 1706 – Lauritz de Thurah, Danish architect, designed the Hermitage Hunting Lodge and Gammel Holtegård (d. 1759)
- 1715 – James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave, English historian and politician (d. 1763)
- 1719 – George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot, English politician (d. 1777)
- 1729 – Anne d’Arpajon, French wife of Philippe de Noailles (d. 1794)
- 1745 – Charles Dibdin, English actor, playwright, and composer (d. 1814)
- 1745 – Casimir Pulaski, Polish-American general (d. 1779)
- 1756 – Henry Raeburn, Scottish painter and educator (d. 1823)
- 1760 – William Payne, English painter (d. 1830)
- 1760 – Hugh Ronalds, British nurseryman who cultivated and documented 300 varieties of apples (d. 1833)
- 1769 – Muhammad Ali, Ottoman military leader and pasha (d. 1849)
- 1770 – Joseph Jacotot, French philosopher and academic (d. 1840)
- 1778 – Robert Emmet, Irish commander (d. 1803)
- 1781 – Rebecca Gratz, American educator and philanthropist (d. 1869)
- 1782 – Johann Rudolf Wyss, Swiss philosopher, author, and academic (d. 1830)
- 1792 – Isaac Lea, American conchologist, geologist, and publisher (d. 1886)
- 1793 – Karl Lachmann, German philologist and critic (d. 1851)
- 1814 – Napoleon Collins, Rear Admiral of the United States Navy during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War (d. 1875)
- 1817 – Edwards Pierrepont, American lawyer and politician, 34th United States Attorney General (d. 1892)
- 1820 – Francesco Bentivegna, Italian rebel leader (d. 1856)
- 1822 – Jules Antoine Lissajous, French mathematician and academic (d. 1880)
- 1823 – George Caron, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1902)
- 1826 – August Johann Gottfried Bielenstein, German linguist, ethnographer, and theologian (d. 1907)
- 1826 – John Buford, American general (d. 1863)
- 1826 – Elme Marie Caro, French philosopher and academic (d. 1887)
- 1826 – Theodore Judah, American engineer, founded the Central Pacific Railroad (d. 1863)
- 1828 – Owen Wynne Jones, Welsh clergyman and poet (d. 1870)
- 1838 – Paul Lacôme, French pianist, cellist, and composer (d. 1920)
- 1847 – Carl Josef Bayer, Austrian chemist and academic (d. 1904)
- 1851 – Alexandros Papadiamantis, Greek author and poet (d. 1911)
- 1854 – Napier Shaw, English meteorologist and academic (d. 1945)
- 1856 – Alfred William Rich, English painter, author, and educator (d. 1921)
- 1861 – Arthur Cushman McGiffert, American theologian and author (d. 1933)
- 1862 – Jacob Robert Emden, Swiss astrophysicist and meteorologist (d. 1940)
- 1863 – R. I. Pocock, English zoologist and archaeologist (d. 1947)
- 1863 – John Henry Wigmore, American academic and jurist (d. 1943)
- 1864 – David W. Taylor, American admiral, architect, and engineer (d. 1940)
- 1866 – Eugène Cosserat, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1931)
- 1867 – Jacob L. Beilhart, American activist, founded the Spirit Fruit Society (d. 1908)
- 1867 – Charles Pelot Summerall, senior United States Army officer (d. 1955)
- 1870 – Thomas Sturge Moore, English author and poet (d. 1944)
- 1871 – Boris Galerkin, Russian mathematician and engineer (d. 1945)
- 1873 – Guy Wetmore Carryl, American journalist and poet (d. 1904)
- 1873 – John H. Trumbull, American colonel and politician, 70th Governor of Connecticut (d. 1961)
- 1875 – Mihály Károlyi, Hungarian politician, President of the Hungary (d. 1955)
- 1875 – Enrique Larreta, Argentinian historian and author (d. 1961)
- 1876 – Léon-Paul Fargue, French poet and author (d. 1947)
- 1876 – Theodore Hardeen, Hungarian-American magician (d. 1945)
- 1877 – Alexander Goedicke, Russian pianist and composer (d. 1957)
- 1877 – Fritz Graebner, German geographer and ethnologist (d. 1934)
- 1877 – Garrett Morgan, African-American inventor (d. 1963)
- 1878 – Takeo Arishima, Japanese author and critic (d. 1923)
- 1878 – Egbert Van Alstyne, American pianist and songwriter (d. 1951)
- 1879 – Bernhard Kellermann, German author and poet (d. 1951)
- 1880 – Channing Pollock, American playwright and critic (d. 1946)
- 1881 – Todor Aleksandrov, Bulgarian educator and activist (d. 1924)
- 1881 – Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American lawyer and author (d. 1965)
- 1881 – Richard C. Tolman, American physicist and chemist (d. 1948)
- 1882 – Nicolae Titulescu, Romanian academic and politician, 61st Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1941)
- 1883 – Maude Fealy, American actress and screenwriter (d. 1971)
- 1883 – Robert Emmett Keane, American actor (d. 1981)
- 1883 – Sam Langford, Canadian-American boxer (d. 1956)
- 1884 – Red Murray, American baseball player (d. 1958)
- 1884 – Lee Shumway, American actor (d. 1959)
- 1886 – Paul Bazelaire, French cellist and composer (d. 1958)
- 1888 – Rafaela Ottiano, Italian-American actress (d. 1942)
- 1888 – Jeff Pfeffer, American baseball player (d. 1972)
- 1888 – Emma Richter, German paleontologist (d. 1956)
- 1888 – Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (d. 1931)
- 1889 – Oscar Chisini, Italian mathematician and statistician (d. 1967)
- 1889 – Oren E. Long, American soldier and politician, 10th Territorial Governor of Hawaii (d. 1965)
- 1889 – Pearl White, American actress (d. 1938)
- 1889 – Robert William Wood, English-American painter (d. 1979)
- 1890 – Norman Bethune, Canadian soldier and physician (d. 1939)
- 1891 – Dazzy Vance, American baseball player (d. 1961)
- 1893 – Charles Herbert Colvin, American engineer, co-founded the Pioneer Instrument Company (d. 1985)
- 1893 – Adolph Lowe, German sociologist and economist (d. 1995)
- 1894 – Charles Corm, Lebanese businessman and philanthropist (d. 1963)
- 1895 – Milt Gross, American animator, director, and screenwriter (d. 1953)
- 1896 – Kai Holm, Danish actor and director (d. 1985)
- 1897 – Lefty O’Doul, American baseball player and manager (d. 1969)
- 1898 – Georges Dumézil, French philologist and academic (d. 1986)
- 1898 – Hans Krebs, German general (d. 1945)
- 1899 – Peter Illing, Austrian born, British film and television actor (d. 1966)
- 1899 – Emilio Prados, Spanish poet and author (d. 1962)
- 1900 – Herbert Biberman, American director and screenwriter (d. 1971)
- 1901 – Wilbur R. Franks, Canadian scientist, invented the g-suit (d. 1986)
- 1901 – Charles Goren, American bridge player and author (d. 1991)
- 1901 – Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo, Malagasy-French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1937)
- 1902 – Rachel Messerer, Lithuanian-Russian actress (d. 1993)
- 1902 – Russell Reeder, American soldier and author (d. 1998)
- 1903 – William C. Boyd, American immunologist and chemist (d. 1983)
- 1903 – Malcolm Dole, American chemist and academic (d. 1990)
- 1903 – Dorothy Mackaill, English-American actress and singer (d. 1990)
- 1903 – John Scarne, American magician and author (d. 1985)
- 1904 – Luis Carrero Blanco, Spanish admiral and politician, 69th President of the Government of Spain (d. 1973)
- 1904 – George Gamow, Ukrainian-American physicist and cosmologist (d. 1968)
- 1904 – Joseph Schmidt, Austrian-Hungarian tenor and actor (d. 1942)
- 1906 – Meindert DeJong, Dutch-American soldier and author (d. 1991)
- 1906 – Avery Fisher, American violinist and engineer, founded Fisher Electronics (d. 1994)
- 1906 – Georges Ronsse, Belgian cyclist and manager (d. 1969)
- 1907 – Edgar Barrier, American actor (d. 1964)
- 1908 – T. R. M. Howard, American surgeon and activist (d. 1976)
- 1908 – Thomas Shaw, American singer and guitarist (d. 1977)
- 1909 – Harry Helmsley, American businessman (d. 1997)
- 1909 – George Edward Holbrook, American chemist and engineer (d. 1987)
- 1910 – Tancredo Neves, Brazilian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Brazil (d. 1985)
- 1911 – Charles Greville, 7th Earl of Warwick, English actor (d. 1984)
- 1912 – Afro Basaldella, Italian painter and academic (d. 1976)
- 1912 – Ferdinand Leitner, German conductor and composer (d. 1996)
- 1912 – Carl Marzani, Italian-American activist and publisher (d. 1994)
- 1913 – Taos Amrouche, Algerian singer and author (d. 1976)
- 1913 – John Garfield, American actor and singer (d. 1952)
- 1914 – Barbara Newhall Follett, American author (d. 1939)
- 1914 – Ward Kimball, American animator, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
- 1914 – Robert R. Wilson, American physicist, sculptor, and architect (d. 2000)
- 1915 – László Csatáry, Hungarian art dealer (d. 2013)
- 1915 – Frank Sleeman, Australian lieutenant and politician, Lord Mayor of Brisbane (d. 2000)
- 1915 – Carlos Surinach, Spanish-Catalan composer and conductor (d. 1997)
- 1916 – William Alland, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1997)
- 1916 – Giorgio Bassani, Italian author and poet (d. 2000)
- 1916 – Hans Eysenck, German-English psychologist and theorist (d. 1997)
- 1917 – Clyde McCullough, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1982)
- 1918 – Kurt Dahlmann, German pilot, lawyer, and journalist (d. 2017)
- 1918 – Margaret Osborne duPont, American tennis player (d. 2012)
- 1919 – Buck Baker, American race car driver (d. 2002)
- 1919 – Tan Chee Khoon, Malaysian physician and politician (d. 1996)
- 1920 – Jean Lecanuet, French politician, French Minister of Justice (d. 1993)
- 1920 – Alan MacNaughtan, Scottish-English actor (d. 2002)
- 1921 – Halim El-Dabh, Egyptian-American composer and educator (d. 2017)
- 1921 – Joan Greenwood, English actress (d. 1987)
- 1921 – Dinny Pails, English-Australian tennis player (d. 1986)
- 1922 – Richard E. Cunha, American director and cinematographer (d. 2005)
- 1922 – Dina Pathak, Indian actor and director (d. 2002)
- 1923 – Russell Freeburg, American journalist and author
- 1923 – Francis King, English author and poet (d. 2011)
- 1923 – Patrick Moore, English astronomer and television host (d. 2012)
- 1924 – Kenneth O’Donnell, American soldier and politician (d. 1977)
- 1925 – Alan R. Battersby, English chemist and academic (d. 2018)
- 1925 – Paul Mauriat, French conductor and composer (d. 2006)
- 1926 – Henri de Contenson, French archaeologist and academic (d. 2019)
- 1926 – Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma, French businessman, soldier and race car driver (d. 2018)
- 1926 – Richard DeVos, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Amway (d. 2018)
- 1926 – Pascual Pérez, Argentinian boxer (d. 1977)
- 1926 – Don Rendell, English saxophonist and flute player (d. 2015)
- 1927 – Phil Batt, American soldier and politician, 29th Governor of Idaho
- 1927 – Thayer David, American actor (d. 1978)
- 1927 – Jacques Dupin, French poet and critic (d. 2012)
- 1927 – Robert Orben, American magician and author
- 1927 – Dick Savitt, American tennis player and businessman
- 1928 – Samuel Adler, German-American composer and conductor
- 1928 – Alan Sillitoe, English novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet (d. 2010)
- 1929 – Bernard Haitink, Dutch violinist and conductor
- 1929 – Peter Swerling, American theoretician and engineer (d. 2000)
- 1931 – Wally Bruner, American journalist and television host (d. 1997)
- 1931 – Bob Johnson, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 1991)
- 1931 – William Henry Keeler, American cardinal (d. 2017)
- 1931 – Alice Rivlin, American economist and politician (d. 2019)
- 1932 – Sigurd Jansen, Norwegian pianist, composer, and conductor
- 1932 – Ryszard Kapuściński, Polish journalist, photographer, and poet (d. 2007)
- 1932 – Miriam Makeba, South African singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2008)
- 1932 – Ed Roth, American illustrator (d. 2001)
- 1932 – Frank Wells, American businessman (d. 1994)
- 1933 – Nino Vaccarella, Italian race car driver
- 1934 – Mario Davidovsky, Argentinian-American composer and academic (d. 2019)
- 1934 – John Duffey, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
- 1934 – Anne Haney, American actress (d. 2001)
- 1934 – Barbara McNair, American singer and actress (d. 2007)
- 1934 – Sandra Reynolds, South African tennis player
- 1934 – Janez Strnad, Slovenian physicist and academic (d. 2015)
- 1935 – Edward Dębicki, Ukrainian-Polish poet and composer
- 1935 – Bent Larsen, Danish chess player and author (d. 2010)
- 1936 – Eric Allandale, Dominican trombonist and songwriter (d. 2001)
- 1936 – Jim Clark, Scottish race car driver (d. 1968)
- 1936 – Aribert Reimann, German pianist and composer
- 1937 – José Araquistáin, Spanish footballer
- 1937 – William Deverell, Canadian lawyer, author, and activist
- 1937 – Graham Dowling, New Zealand cricketer
- 1937 – Leslie H. Gelb, American journalist and author (d. 2019)
- 1937 – Yuri Senkevich, Russian physician and explorer (d. 2003)
- 1937 – Barney Wilen, French saxophonist and composer (d. 1996)
- 1937 – Richard B. Wright, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2017)
- 1938 – Anton Balasingham, Sri Lankan-English negotiator (d. 2006)
- 1938 – Alpha Condé, Guinean politician, President of Guinea
- 1938 – Allan Kornblum, American police officer and judge (d. 2010)
- 1938 – Angus MacLise, American drummer and composer (d. 1979)
- 1938 – Don Perkins, American football player and sportscaster
- 1938 – Paula Prentiss, American actress
- 1938 – Adam Daniel Rotfeld, Polish academic and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1939 – Jack Fisher, American baseball player
- 1939 – Robert Shaye, American film producer
- 1940 – Wolfgang Hoffmann-Riem, German scholar and judge
- 1940 – David Plante, American novelist
- 1941 – John Hancock, American film and television actor (d. 1992)
- 1941 – Adrian Lyne, English director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1941 – James Zagel, American lawyer and judge
- 1942 – Gloria Gaither, American singer-songwriter
- 1942 – Charles C. Krulak, American general
- 1942 – David Matthews, American keyboard player and composer
- 1942 – Lynn Sherr, American journalist and author
- 1942 – James Gustave Speth, American lawyer and politician
- 1942 – Zorán Sztevanovity, Serbian-Hungarian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1943 – Lucio Dalla, Italian singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2012)
- 1943 – Aldo Rico, Argentinian commander and politician
- 1944 – Harvey Postlethwaite, English engineer (d. 1999)
- 1944 – Anthony Ichiro Sanda, Japanese-American physicist and academic
- 1944 – Len Walker, English footballer and manager
- 1944 – Bobby Womack, American singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
- 1945 – Tommy Svensson, Swedish footballer and manager
- 1945 – Gary Williams, American basketball player and coach
- 1946 – Michael Ashcroft, English businessman and politician
- 1946 – Danny Frisella, American baseball player (d. 1977)
- 1946 – Haile Gerima, Ethiopian born US filmmaker
- 1946 – Patricia Kennealy-Morrison, American journalist and author
- 1947 – David Franzoni, American screenwriter and film producer
- 1947 – Jan Garbarek, Norwegian saxophonist and composer
- 1947 – Bob Lewis, American guitarist
- 1947 – Pēteris Plakidis, Latvian pianist and composer (d. 2017)
- 1948 – Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton, New Zealand-Australian author
- 1948 – James Ellroy, American writer
- 1948 – Tom Grieve, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster
- 1948 – Mike Moran, English musician, songwriter and record producer
- 1948 – Jean O’Leary, American nun and activist (d. 2005)
- 1948 – Chris Squire, English singer-songwriter and bass guitarist (d. 2015)
- 1948 – Shakin’ Stevens, British singer-songwriter
- 1949 – Sergei Bagapsh, Abkhazian politician, 2nd President of Abkhazia (d. 2011)
- 1949 – Carroll Baker, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1950 – Ofelia Medina, Mexican actress and screenwriter
- 1950 – Rick Perry, American captain and politician, 47th Governor of Texas
- 1950 – Safet Plakalo, Bosnian author and playwright (d. 2015)
- 1951 – Edelgard Bulmahn, German educator and politician, German Federal Minister of Education and Research
- 1951 – Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, South Korean-American author, director, and producer (d. 1982)
- 1951 – Kenny Dalglish, Scottish footballer and manager
- 1951 – Pete Haycock, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
- 1951 – Peter O’Sullivan, Welsh international footballer, winger
- 1951 – Sam Perlozzo, American baseball player and manager
- 1951 – Chris Rea, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1951 – Glenis Willmott, English scientist and politician
- 1951 – Zoran Žižić, Montenegrin politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (d. 2013)
- 1952 – Peter Kuhfeld, English painter
- 1952 – Ronn Moss, American singer-songwriter and actor
- 1952 – Svend Robinson, American-Canadian lawyer and politician
- 1952 – Umberto Tozzi, Italian singer-songwriter and producer
- 1953 – John Edwards, Australian director and producer
- 1953 – Emilio Estefan, Cuban-American drummer and producer
- 1953 – Paweł Janas, Polish footballer and manager
- 1953 – Ray Price, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
- 1953 – Reinhold Roth, German motorcycle racer
- 1953 – Chris Smith, American lawyer and politician
- 1953 – Agustí Villaronga, Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1953 – Daniel Woodrell, American novelist and short story writer
- 1954 – Timur Apakidze, Russian general and pilot (d. 2001)
- 1954 – Theresa Hak Kyung Cha, Korean American author (d. 1982)
- 1954 – François Fillon, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France
- 1954 – Peter Jacobsen, American golfer and sportscaster
- 1954 – Catherine O’Hara, Canadian-American actress and comedian
- 1954 – Irina Ratushinskaya, Russian poet and author (d. 2017)
- 1955 – Tim Costello, Australian minister and politician
- 1955 – Joey Jones, Welsh footballer and manager
- 1957 – Nicholas Coleridge, English journalist and businessman
- 1957 – Ron Fassler, American film and television actor and author
- 1957 – Mykelti Williamson, American actor and director
- 1958 – Patricia Heaton, American actress
- 1958 – Massimo Mascioletti, Italian rugby player and coach
- 1958 – Tina Smith, American politician, junior senator of Minnesota
- 1959 – Rick Ardon, Australian journalist
- 1959 – Plamen Getov, Bulgarian footballer
- 1960 – Chonda Pierce, American comedian
- 1961 – Ray Mancini, American boxer
- 1961 – Steven Weber, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1961 – Roger Wessels, South African golfer and educator
- 1962 – Simon Bisley, English author and illustrator
- 1962 – Paul Canoville, English footballer
- 1962 – Stephan Reimertz, German historian and author
- 1963 – Jason Newsted, American heavy metal singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1964 – Dave Colclough, Welsh computer programmer and poker player (d. 2016)
- 1964 – Brian Crowley, Irish lawyer and politician
- 1964 – Tom Lampkin, American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1964 – Paolo Virzì, Italian director and screenwriter
- 1965 – Greg Alexander, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
- 1965 – Paul W. S. Anderson, English director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1965 – Andrew Collins, English journalist and screenwriter
- 1965 – Khaled Hosseini, Afghan-born American novelist
- 1965 – Yury Lonchakov, Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut
- 1965 – John Murphy British film composer
- 1966 – Emese Hunyady, Hungarian speed skater
- 1966 – Kevin Johnson, American basketball player and politician, 55th Mayor of Sacramento
- 1966 – Fiona Ma, American accountant and politician
- 1966 – Helmut Mayer, Austrian skier
- 1966 – Glen Nissen, Australian rugby league player
- 1966 – Dav Pilkey, American author and illustrator
- 1966 – Grand Puba, American rapper
- 1966 – Mike Small, American golfer and coach
- 1967 – Daryll Cullinan, South African cricketer and coach
- 1967 – Evan Dando, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1967 – Ivan Lewis, English lawyer and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
- 1967 – Terry Matterson, Australian rugby league player and coach
- 1967 – Dave Rayner, English cyclist (d. 1994)
- 1967 – Sam Taylor-Johnson, English filmmaker and photographer
- 1967 – Kubilay Türkyilmaz, Swiss footballer
- 1967 – Tim Vine, English comedian, actor, and author
- 1968 – Giovanni Carrara, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1968 – Jorge Celedón, Colombian singer
- 1968 – Patsy Kensit, English model and actress
- 1968 – Kyriakos Mitsotakis, Greek banker and politician, Prime Minister of Greece
- 1968 – Graham Westley, English footballer and manager
- 1969 – Pierluigi Casiraghi, Italian footballer and manager
- 1969 – Wayne Collins, English footballer, midfielder
- 1969 – Annie Yi, Taiwanese singer, actress, and writer
- 1970 – Àlex Crivillé, Spanish motorcycle racer
- 1970 – Will Keen, English actor
- 1970 – Caroline Vis, Dutch tennis player
- 1971 – Iain Baird, Canadian soccer player and manager
- 1971 – Claire Baker, Scottish politician
- 1971 – Emily Bazelon, American journalist
- 1971 – Jason Croot, English actor and director
- 1971 – Anders Kjølholm, Danish bass player
- 1971 – Satoshi Motoyama, Japanese race car driver
- 1971 – Geraldine O’Rawe, Northern Irish actress
- 1972 – Katherine Center, American journalist and author
- 1972 – Nocturno Culto, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1972 – Robert Smith, American football player and sportscaster
- 1972 – Ivy Queen, Puerto Rican singer, songwriter, rapper, actress and record producer
- 1972 – Jos Verstappen, Dutch race car driver
- 1972 – Alison Wheeler, English singer-songwriter
- 1973 – Massimo Brambilla, Italian footballer and coach
- 1973 – Phillip Daniels, American football player and coach
- 1973 – Valery Kobelev, Russian ski jumper
- 1973 – Penny Mordaunt, English lieutenant and politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces
- 1973 – Linus of Hollywood, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1973 – Len Wiseman, American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1973 – Chandra Sekhar Yeleti, Indian director and screenwriter
- 1974 – Crowbar, American wrestler
- 1974 – Mladen Krstajić, Serbian footballer and manager
- 1974 – Karol Kučera, Slovak tennis player
- 1974 – Ariel Ortega, Argentinian footballer
- 1974 – Tommy Phelps, South Korean-American baseball player and coach
- 1974 – ICS Vortex, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1974 – David Wagner, American tennis player and educator
- 1974 – Bill Young, Australian rugby player
- 1975 – Mats Eilertsen, Norwegian bassist and composer
- 1975 – Patrick Femerling, German basketball player
- 1975 – Antti Aalto, Finnish ice hockey player
- 1975 – Kristi Harrower, Australian basketball player
- 1975 – Hawksley Workman, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1976 – Robbie Blake, English footballer
- 1976 – Tommy Jönsson, Swedish footballer
- 1977 – Nacho Figueras, Argentinian polo player and model
- 1977 – Traver Rains, American fashion designer and photographer
- 1978 – Pierre Dagenais, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1978 – Denis Dallan, Italian rugby player and singer
- 1978 – Jean-Marc Pelletier, American ice hockey player
- 1979 – Sarah Stock, Canadian wrestler and trainer
- 1980 – Rohan Bopanna, Indian tennis player
- 1980 – Omar Bravo, Mexican footballer
- 1980 – Suzanna Choffel, American singer-songwriter
- 1980 – Giedrius Gustas, Lithuanian basketball player
- 1980 – Scott Hamilton, New Zealand rugby player and coach
- 1980 – Jack Hannahan, American baseball player
- 1980 – Michael Henrich, American ice hockey player
- 1980 – Phil McGuire, Scottish footballer and manager
- 1980 – Aja Volkman, American singer-songwriter
- 1981 – Ariza Makukula, Portuguese footballer
- 1981 – Helen Wyman, English cyclist
- 1982 – Landon Donovan, American soccer player and coach
- 1982 – Cate Edwards, American lawyer and author
- 1982 – Ludmila Ezhova, Russian gymnast
- 1982 – Yasemin Mori, Turkish singer
- 1983 – Samuel Contesti, French-Italian figure skater
- 1983 – Adam Deacon, English film actor, rapper, writer and director
- 1983 – Jaque Fourie, South African rugby player
- 1983 – Drew Houston, American billionaire and Internet entrepreneur
- 1984 – Josh Bowman, English actor
- 1984 – Tamir Cohen, Israeli footballer
- 1984 – Anders Grøndal, Norwegian race car driver
- 1984 – Spencer Larsen, American football player
- 1984 – Jeremy Loops, South African singer-songwriter and record producer
- 1984 – Raven Quinn, American singer-songwriter
- 1984 – Zak Whitbread, American-English footballer
- 1985 – Jake Buxton, English footballer
- 1985 – Chinedum Ndukwe, American football player
- 1985 – Whitney Port, American fashion designer and author
- 1986 – Steven Burke, English road and track cyclist
- 1986 – Tom De Mul, Belgian footballer
- 1986 – Mike Krieger, Brazilian-American computer programmer and businessman, co-founded Instagram
- 1986 – Siim Roops, Estonian footballer
- 1986 – Bohdan Shust, Ukrainian footballer
- 1986 – Manu Vatuvei, New Zealand rugby league player
- 1986 – Margo Harshman, American actress
- 1987 – Ben McKinley, Australian footballer
- 1987 – Cameron Wood, Australian footballer
- 1987 – Tamzin Merchant, English actress
- 1988 – Gal Mekel, Israeli basketball player
- 1988 – Laura Siegemund, German tennis player
- 1988 – Adam Watts, English footballer
- 1989 – Benjamin Kiplagat, Ugandan long-distance runner
- 1990 – Andrea Bowen, American actress
- 1990 – Draymond Green, American basketball player
- 1990 – Paddy Madden, Irish footballer
- 1990 – Fran Mérida, Spanish footballer
- 1992 – Nick Castellanos, American baseball player
- 1992 – Erik Lamela, Argentinian international footballer, midfielder
- 1992 – Bernd Leno, German footballer
- 1992 – Karl Mööl, Estonian footballer
- 1993 – Bobbi Kristina Brown, American singer and actress (d. 2015)
- 1993 – Richard Peniket, English footballer
- 1994 – Callum Harriott, English footballer
- 1994 – AJ Tracey, British hip-hop artist and record producer
- 1995 – Chlöe Howl, British singer-songwriter
- 1995 – Bill Milner, English actor
- 1996 – Lukas Webb, Australian rules footballer
- 2002 – Jacob Hopkins, American actor
Deaths on March 4
- 306 – Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia, Christian martyrs
- 480 – Landry of Sées, French bishop and saint
- 561 – Pelagius I, pope of the Catholic Church
- 934 – Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, Fatimid caliph (b. 873)
- 1172 – Stephen III, king of Hungary (b. 1147)
- 1193 – Saladin, founder of the Ayyubid Sultanate (b. 1137)
- 1238 – Joan of England, queen of Scotland (b. 1210)
- 1238 – Yuri II, Russian Grand Prince (b. 1189)
- 1303 – Daniel of Moscow, Russian Grand Duke (b. 1261)
- 1314 – Jakub Świnka, Polish priest and archbishop
- 1371 – Jeanne d’Évreux, queen consort of France (b. 1310)
- 1388 – Thomas Usk, English author
- 1484 – Saint Casimir, Polish prince (b. 1458)
- 1496 – Sigismund, archduke of Austria (b. 1427)
- 1583 – Bernard Gilpin, English priest and theologian (b. 1517)
- 1604 – Fausto Sozzini, Italian theologian and educator (b. 1539)
- 1615 – Hans von Aachen, German painter and educator (b. 1552)
- 1710 – Louis III, duke of Bourbon (b. 1668)
- 1733 – Claude de Forbin, French admiral and politician (b. 1656)
- 1744 – John Anstis, English historian and politician (b. 1669)
- 1762 – Johannes Zick, German painter (b. 1702)
- 1793 – Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of Penthièvre (b. 1725)
- 1795 – John Collins, American politician, 3rd Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1717)
- 1805 – Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter (b. 1725)
- 1807 – Abraham Baldwin, American minister, lawyer, and politician (b. 1754)
- 1811 – Mariano Moreno, Argentinian journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1778)
- 1832 – Jean-François Champollion, French philologist and scholar (b. 1790)
- 1851 – James Richardson, English explorer (b. 1809)
- 1852 – Nikolai Gogol, Ukrainian-Russian short story writer, novelist, and playwright (b. 1809)
- 1853 – Thomas Bladen Capel, English admiral (b. 1776)
- 1853 – Christian Leopold von Buch, German geologist and paleontologist (b. 1774)
- 1858 – Matthew C. Perry, American naval commander (b. 1794)
- 1864 – Thomas Starr King, American minister and politician (b. 1824)
- 1866 – Alexander Campbell, Irish-American minister and theologian (b. 1788)
- 1872 – Carsten Hauch, Danish poet and playwright (b. 1790)
- 1883 – Alexander H. Stephens, American lawyer and politician, Vice President of the Confederate States of America (b. 1812)
- 1888 – Amos Bronson Alcott, American philosopher and educator (b. 1799)
- 1903 – Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English author (b. 1834)
- 1906 – John Schofield, American general and politician, 28th United States Secretary of War (b. 1831)
- 1915 – William Willett, English inventor, founded British Summer Time (b. 1856)
- 1916 – Franz Marc, German painter (b. 1880)
- 1925 – Moritz Moszkowski, Polish-German pianist and composer (b. 1854)
- 1925 – James Ward, English psychologist and philosopher (b. 1843)
- 1925 – John Montgomery Ward, American baseball player and manager (b. 1860)
- 1927 – Ira Remsen, American chemist and academic (b. 1846)
- 1938 – George Foster Peabody, American banker and philanthropist (b. 1852)
- 1938 – Jack Taylor, American baseball player (b. 1874)
- 1940 – Hamlin Garland, American novelist, poet, essayist, and short story writer (b. 1860)
- 1941 – Ludwig Quidde, German activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1858)
- 1944 – Fannie Barrier Williams, American educator and activist (b. 1855)
- 1944 – Louis Buchalter, American mob boss (b. 1897)
- 1944 – Louis Capone, Italian-American gangster (b. 1896)
- 1944 – René Lefebvre, French businessman (b. 1879)
- 1945 – Lucille La Verne, American actress (b. 1872)
- 1945 – Mark Sandrich, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1900)
- 1948 – Antonin Artaud, French actor and director (b. 1896)
- 1949 – Clarence Kingsbury, English cyclist (b. 1882)
- 1952 – Charles Scott Sherrington, English neurophysiologist and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1857)
- 1954 – Noel Gay, English composer and songwriter (b. 1898)
- 1960 – Herbert O’Conor, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 51st Governor of Maryland (b. 1896)
- 1963 – William Carlos Williams, American poet, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1883)
- 1969 – Nicholas Schenck, Russian-American businessman (b. 1881)
- 1972 – Harold Barrowclough, New Zealand general, lawyer, and politician, 8th Chief Justice of New Zealand (b. 1894)
- 1972 – Charles Biro, American author and illustrator (b. 1911)
- 1974 – Adolph Gottlieb, American painter and sculptor (b. 1903)
- 1976 – John Marvin Jones, American judge and politician (b. 1882)
- 1976 – Walter H. Schottky, Swiss-German physicist and engineer (b. 1886)
- 1977 – Anatol E. Baconsky, Romanian poet, author, and critic (b. 1925)
- 1977 – Nancy Tyson Burbidge, Australian botanist and curator (b. 1912)
- 1977 – Andrés Caicedo, Colombian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1951)
- 1977 – William Paul, American lawyer and politician (b. 1885)
- 1977 – Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German jurist and politician, German Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1887)
- 1978 – Wesley Bolin, American businessman and politician, 15th Governor of Arizona (b. 1909)
- 1978 – Joe Marsala, American clarinet player and songwriter (b. 1907)
- 1979 – Willi Unsoeld, American mountaineer and educator (b. 1926)
- 1980 – Alan Hardaker, English lieutenant and businessman (b. 1912)
- 1981 – Torin Thatcher, American actor (b. 1905)
- 1981 – Karl-Jesko von Puttkamer, German admiral (b. 1900)
- 1986 – Albert L. Lehninger, American biochemist and academic (b. 1917)
- 1986 – Richard Manuel, Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1943)
- 1986 – Elizabeth Smart, Canadian poet and author (b. 1913)
- 1987 – Seibo Kitamura, Japanese sculptor (b. 1884)
- 1988 – Beatriz Guido, Argentine author and screenwriter (b. 1924)
- 1989 – Tiny Grimes, American guitarist (b. 1916)
- 1990 – Hank Gathers, American basketball player (b. 1967)
- 1991 – Godfrey Bryan, English cricketer (b. 1902)
- 1992 – Art Babbitt, American animator and director (b. 1907)
- 1992 – Pare Lorentz, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1905)
- 1993 – Art Hodes, Ukrainian-American pianist and composer (b. 1904)
- 1993 – Tomislav Ivčić, Croatian singer-songwriter and politician (b. 1953)
- 1993 – Izaak Kolthoff, Dutch chemist and academic (b. 1894)
- 1993 – Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale, English lieutenant and politician, Secretary of State for the Environment (b. 1929)
- 1994 – John Candy, Canadian comedian and actor (b. 1950)
- 1994 – George Edward Hughes, Irish-Scottish philosopher and author (b. 1918)
- 1995 – Matt Urban, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1919)
- 1996 – Minnie Pearl, American entertainer (b. 1912)
- 1996 – John Sauer, American football player, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1925)
- 1997 – Joe Baker-Cresswell, English captain (b. 1901)
- 1997 – Robert H. Dicke, American physicist and astronomer (b. 1916)
- 1998 – Ivan Dougherty, Australian general (b. 1907)
- 1999 – Harry Blackmun, American lawyer and judge (b. 1908)
- 1999 – Del Close, American actor and educator (b. 1934)
- 1999 – Miłosz Magin, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1929)
- 2000 – Hermann Brück, German-Scottish physicist and astronomer (b. 1905)
- 2000 – Michael Noonan, New Zealand-Australian author and screenwriter (b. 1921)
- 2000 – Ta-You Wu, Chinese physicist and academic (b. 1907)
- 2001 – Gerardo Barbero, Argentinian chess player (b. 1961)
- 2001 – Jean René Bazaine, French painter and author (b. 1904)
- 2001 – Fred Lasswell, American cartoonist (b. 1916)
- 2001 – Jim Rhodes, American businessman and politician, 61st Governor of Ohio (b. 1909)
- 2001 – Harold Stassen, American educator and politician, 25th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1907)
- 2002 – Ugnė Karvelis, Lithuanian author and translator (b. 1935)
- 2002 – Elyne Mitchell, Australian skier and author (b. 1913)
- 2002 – Velibor Vasović, Serbian footballer and manager (b. 1939)
- 2003 – Jaba Ioseliani, Georgian playwright, academic, and politician (b. 1926)
- 2003 – Sébastien Japrisot, French author, screenwriter, and director (b. 1931)
- 2004 – Claude Nougaro, French singer-songwriter (b. 1929)
- 2005 – Nicola Calipari, Italian general (b. 1953)
- 2005 – Yuriy Kravchenko, Ukrainian police officer and politician (b. 1951)
- 2005 – Carlos Sherman, Uruguayan-Belarusian author and activist (b. 1934)
- 2006 – John Reynolds Gardiner, American author and engineer (b. 1944)
- 2006 – Edgar Valter, Estonian author and illustrator (b. 1929)
- 2007 – Thomas Eagleton, American lawyer and politician, 38th Lieutenant Governor of Missouri (b. 1929)
- 2007 – Tadeusz Nalepa, Polish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1934)
- 2007 – Ian Wooldridge, English journalist (b. 1932)
- 2008 – Gary Gygax, American game designer, co-created Dungeons & Dragons (b. 1938)
- 2008 – Leonard Rosenman, American composer and conductor (b. 1924)
- 2009 – Yvon Cormier, Canadian wrestler (b. 1938)
- 2009 – Horton Foote, American playwright and screenwriter (b. 1916)
- 2009 – George McAfee, American football player (b. 1918)
- 2010 – Raimund Abraham, Austrian architect and educator, designed the Austrian Cultural Forum New York (b. 1933)
- 2010 – Johnny Alf, Brazilian pianist and composer (b. 1929)
- 2010 – Vladislav Ardzinba, Abkhazian historian and politician, 1st President of Abkhazia (b. 1945)
- 2010 – Fred Wedlock, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
- 2011 – Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, Nepalese journalist and politician, 29th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1924)
- 2011 – Vivienne Harris, English journalist and publisher, co-founded the Jewish Telegraph (b. 1921)
- 2011 – Ed Manning, American basketball player and coach (b. 1943)
- 2011 – Arjun Singh, Indian politician (b. 1930)
- 2011 – Alenush Terian, Iranian astronomer and physicist (b. 1920)
- 2011 – Simon van der Meer, Dutch-Swiss physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
- 2012 – Paul McBride, Scottish lawyer and politician (b. 1965)
- 2012 – Don Mincher, American baseball player (b. 1938)
- 2013 – Lillian Cahn, Hungarian-American businesswoman, co-founded Coach, Inc. (b. 1923)
- 2013 – Mickey Moore, Canadian-American actor and director (b. 1914)
- 2013 – Toren Smith, Canadian businessman, founded Studio Proteus (b. 1960)
- 2014 – Mark Freidkin, Russian author and poet (b. 1953)
- 2014 – Elaine Kellett-Bowman, English lawyer and politician (b. 1923)
- 2014 – Jack Kinzler, American engineer (b. 1920)
- 2014 – Wu Tianming, Chinese director and producer (b. 1939)
- 2015 – Dušan Bilandžić, Croatian historian and politician (b. 1924)
- 2015 – Ray Hatton, English-American runner, author, and academic (b. 1932)
- 2016 – Bud Collins, American journalist and sportscaster (b. 1929)
- 2016 – Pat Conroy, American author (b. 1945)
- 2016 – P. A. Sangma, Indian lawyer and politician, Speaker of the Lok Sabha (b. 1947)
- 2016 – Zhou Xiaoyan, Chinese soprano and educator (b. 1917)
- 2017 – Clayton Yeutter, American politician (b. 1930)
- 2018 – Davide Astori, Italian soccer player (b. 1987)
- 2019 – Keith Flint, English singer (The Prodigy) (b. 1969)
- 2019 – Luke Perry, American actor (b. 1966)
- 2020 – Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian politician and diplomat
Holidays and observances on March 4
- Christian feast day:
- Adrian of Nicomedia
- Casimir
- Felix of Rhuys
- Giovanni Antonio Farina (Catholic Church)
- Blessed Humbert III, Count of Savoy (Roman Catholic Church)
- Paul Cuffee (Episcopal Church)
- Peter of Pappacarbone
- Blessed Zoltán Meszlényi
- March 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- St Casimir’s Day (Poland and Lithuania)
-
February 20 in History
- 1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George’s (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated.
- 1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland in lieu of a dowry for Margaret of Denmark.
- 1547 – Edward VI of England is crowned King of England at Westminster Abbey.
- 1685 – René-Robert Cavelier establishes Fort St. Louis at Matagorda Bay thus forming the basis for France’s claim to Texas.
- 1792 – The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by United States President George Washington.
- 1798 – Louis-Alexandre Berthier removes Pope Pius VI from power.
- 1813 – Manuel Belgrano defeats the royalist army of Pío de Tristán during the Battle of Salta.
- 1816 – Rossini’s opera The Barber of Seville premieres at the Teatro Argentina in Rome.
- 1835 – The 1835 Concepción earthquake destroys Concepción, Chile.
- 1846 – Polish insurgents lead an uprising in Kraków to incite a fight for national independence.
- 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Olustee: The largest battle fought in Florida during the war.
- 1865 – End of the Uruguayan War, with a peace agreement between President Tomás Villalba and rebel leader Venancio Flores, setting the scene for the destructive War of the Triple Alliance.
- 1872 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art opens in New York City.
- 1877 – Tchaikovsky’s ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
- 1901 – The legislature of Hawaii Territory convenes for the first time.
- 1909 – Publication of the Futurist Manifesto in the French journal Le Figaro.
- 1913 – King O’Malley drives in the first survey peg to mark commencement of work on the construction of Canberra.
- 1920 – An earthquake kills between 114 and 130 in Georgia and heavily damages the town of Gori.
- 1931 – The U.S. Congress approves the construction of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge by the state of California.
- 1933 – The U.S. Congress approves the Blaine Act to repeal federal Prohibition in the United States, sending the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution to state ratifying conventions for approval.
- 1933 – Adolf Hitler secretly meets with German industrialists to arrange for financing of the Nazi Party’s upcoming election campaign.
- 1935 – Caroline Mikkelsen becomes the first woman to set foot in Antarctica.
- 1942 – Lieutenant Edward O’Hare becomes America’s first World War II flying ace.
- 1943 – American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.
- 1943 – The Saturday Evening Post publishes the first of Norman Rockwell’s Four Freedoms in support of United States President Franklin Roosevelt’s 1941 State of the Union address theme of Four Freedoms.
- 1944 – World War II: The “Big Week” began with American bomber raids on German aircraft manufacturing centers.
- 1944 – World War II: The United States takes Eniwetok Island.
- 1952 – Emmett Ashford becomes the first African-American umpire in organized baseball by being authorized to be a substitute umpire in the Southwestern International League.
- 1956 – The United States Merchant Marine Academy becomes a permanent Service Academy.
- 1959 – The Avro Arrow program to design and manufacture supersonic jet fighters in Canada is cancelled by the Diefenbaker government amid much political debate.
- 1962 – Mercury program: While aboard Friendship 7, John Glenn becomes the first American to orbit the earth, making three orbits in four hours, 55 minutes.
- 1965 – Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.
- 1971 – The United States Emergency Broadcast System is accidentally activated in an erroneous national alert.
- 1979 – An earthquake cracks open the Sinila volcanic crater on the Dieng Plateau, releasing poisonous H2S gas and killing 149 villagers in the Indonesian province of Central Java.
- 1986 – The Soviet Union launches its Mir spacecraft. Remaining in orbit for 15 years, it is occupied for ten of those years.
- 1988 – The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast votes to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia, triggering the Nagorno-Karabakh War.
- 1991 – In the Albanian capital Tirana, a gigantic statue of Albania’s long-time leader, Enver Hoxha, is brought down by mobs of angry protesters.
- 1998 – American figure skater Tara Lipinski, at the age of 15, becomes the youngest Olympic figure skating gold-medalist at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.
- 2003 – During a Great White concert in West Warwick, Rhode Island, a pyrotechnics display sets the Station nightclub ablaze, killing 100 and injuring over 200 others.
- 2005 – Spain becomes the first country to vote in a referendum on ratification of the proposed Constitution of the European Union, passing it by a substantial margin, but on a low turnout.
- 2009 – Two Tamil Tigers aircraft packed with C4 explosives en route to the national airforce headquarters are shot down by the Sri Lankan military before reaching their target, in a kamikaze style attack.
- 2010 – In Madeira Island, Portugal, heavy rain causes floods and mudslides, resulting in at least 43 deaths, in the worst disaster in the history of the archipelago.
- 2014 – Dozens of Euromaidan anti-government protesters died in Ukraine’s capital Kiev, many reportedly killed by snipers.
- 2015 – Two trains collide in the Swiss town of Rafz resulting in as many as 49 people injured and Swiss Federal Railways cancelling some services.
- 2016 – Six people are killed and two injured in multiple shooting incidents in Kalamazoo County, Michigan.
Births on February 20
- 1358 – Eleanor of Aragon, queen of John I of Castile (d. 1382)
- 1469 – Thomas Cajetan, Italian philosopher (d. 1534)
- 1523 – Jan Blahoslav, Czech writer (d. 1571)
- 1549 – Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, last Duke of Urbino (d. 1631)
- 1552 – Sengoku Hidehisa, Daimyō (d. 1614)
- 1608 – Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (d. 1649)
- 1631 – Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, English politician, Treasurer of the Navy (d. 1712)
- 1633 – Jan de Baen, Dutch painter (d. 1702)
- 1705 – Nicolas Chédeville, French musette player and composer (d. 1782)
- 1726 – William Prescott, American colonel (d. 1795)
- 1745 – Henry James Pye, English poet and politician (d. 1813)
- 1751 – Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet, translator, and academic (d. 1826)
- 1753 – Louis-Alexandre Berthier, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1815)
- 1759 – Johann Christian Reil, German physician, physiologist, and anatomist (d. 1813)
- 1774 – Vicente Sebastián Pintado, Spanish cartographer, engineer, military officer and land surveyor of Spanish Louisiana and Spanish West Florida (d. 1829)
- 1784 – Judith Montefiore, British linguist, travel writer, philanthropist (d. 1862)
- 1792 – Eliza Courtney, French daughter of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (d. 1859)
- 1794 – William Carleton, Irish author (d. 1869)
- 1802 – Charles Auguste de Bériot, Belgian violinist and composer (d. 1870)
- 1819 – Alfred Escher, Swiss businessman and politician (d. 1882)
- 1839 – Benjamin Waugh, English activist, founded the NSPCC (d. 1908)
- 1844 – Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1906)
- 1844 – Joshua Slocum, Canadian sailor and adventurer (d. 1909)
- 1848 – E. H. Harriman, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1909)
- 1857 – A. P. Lucas, English cricketer (d. 1923)
- 1866 – Carl Westman, Swedish architect, designed the Stockholm Court House and Röhsska Museum (d. 1936)
- 1867 – Louise, Princess Royal of England (d. 1931)
- 1870 – Jay Johnson Morrow, American engineer and politician, 3rd Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (d. 1937)
- 1874 – Mary Garden, Scottish-American soprano and actress (d. 1967)
- 1879 – Hod Stuart, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1907)
- 1880 – Jacques d’Adelswärd-Fersen, French author and poet (d. 1923)
- 1882 – Elie Nadelman, Polish-American sculptor (d. 1946)
- 1887 – Vincent Massey, Canadian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor General of Canada (d. 1967)
- 1888 – Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (d. 1948)
- 1889 – Hulusi Behçet, Turkish dermatologist and physician (d. 1948)
- 1893 – Elizabeth Holloway Marston, American psychologist and author (d. 1993)
- 1895 – Louis Zborowski, English race car driver and engineer (d. 1924)
- 1897 – Ivan Albright, American painter (d. 1983)
- 1898 – Ante Ciliga, Croatian politician, writer and publisher (d. 1992)
- 1899 – Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1992)
- 1901 – René Dubos, French-American biologist and author (d. 1982)
- 1901 – Louis Kahn, American architect, designed the Salk Institute, the Kimbell Art Museum and the Bangladesh Parliament Building (d. 1974)
- 1901 – Muhammad Naguib, Egyptian general and politician, 1st President of Egypt (d. 1984)
- 1901 – Ramakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th Chief Minister of Madras Presidency (d. 1978)
- 1902 – Ansel Adams, American photographer and environmentalist (d. 1984)
- 1904 – Alexei Kosygin, Russian soldier and politician, 8th Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1980)
- 1906 – Gale Gordon, American actor (d. 1995)
- 1912 – Pierre Boulle, French soldier and author (d. 1994)
- 1912 – Johnny Checketts, New Zealand flying ace of the Second World War (d. 2006)
- 1913 – Tommy Henrich, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2009)
- 1914 – John Charles Daly, South African–American journalist and game show host (d. 1991)
- 1916 – Jean Erdman, American dancer and choreographer
- 1918 – Leonore Annenberg, American businesswoman and diplomat (d. 2009)
- 1919 – James O’Meara, English soldier and pilot (d. 1974)
- 1920 – Karl Albrecht, German businessman, co-founded Aldi (d. 2014)
- 1921 – Buddy Rogers, American wrestler (d. 1992)
- 1923 – Victor G. Atiyeh, American businessman and politician, 32nd Governor of Oregon (d. 2014)
- 1923 – Forbes Burnham, Guyanese lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Guyana (d. 1985)
- 1923 – Rena Vlahopoulou, Greek actress (d. 2004)
- 1924 – Gloria Vanderbilt, American actress, fashion designer, and socialite (d. 2019)
- 1925 – Robert Altman, American director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
- 1925 – Tochinishiki Kiyotaka, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 44th Yokozuna (d. 1990)
- 1926 – Matthew Bucksbaum, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded General Growth Properties (d. 2013)
- 1926 – Gillian Lynne, English ballerina, choreographer, and director (d. 2018)
- 1926 – Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
- 1926 – Bob Richards, American Olympic track and field athlete
- 1926 – María de la Purísima Salvat Romero, Spanish Roman Catholic nun; later canonized (d. 1998)
- 1927 – Roy Cohn, American lawyer and political activist (d. 1986)
- 1927 – Ibrahim Ferrer, Cuban singer and musician (d. 2005)
- 1927 – Sidney Poitier, Bahamian-American actor, director, and diplomat
- 1928 – Roy Face, American baseball player and carpenter
- 1928 – Jean Kennedy Smith, American diplomat, 25th United States Ambassador to Ireland
- 1929 – Amanda Blake, American actress (d. 1989)
- 1931 – John Milnor, American mathematician and academic
- 1932 – Adrian Cristobal, Filipino journalist and author (d. 2007)
- 1934 – Bobby Unser, American race car driver
- 1935 – Ellen Gilchrist, American novelist, short story writer, and poet
- 1936 – Marj Dusay, American actress (d. 2020)
- 1936 – Larry Hovis, American actor and singer (d. 2003)
- 1936 – Shigeo Nagashima, Japanese baseball player and coach
- 1937 – David Ackles, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1999)
- 1937 – Robert Huber, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1937 – Roger Penske, American race car driver and businessman
- 1937 – Robert Evans, Australian minister and amateur astronomer
- 1937 – Nancy Wilson, American singer and actress (d. 2018)
- 1938 – Richard Beymer, American actor, director, and cinematographer
- 1940 – Jimmy Greaves, English international footballer, forward and TV pundit
- 1941 – Lim Kit Siang, Malaysian lawyer and politician
- 1941 – Buffy Sainte-Marie, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
- 1942 – Phil Esposito, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
- 1942 – Mitch McConnell, American lawyer, and politician
- 1942 – Claude Miller, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
- 1943 – Antonio Inoki, Japanese wrestler, mixed martial artist, and politician
- 1943 – Mike Leigh, English director and screenwriter
- 1944 – Robert de Cotret, Canadian economist and politician, 56th Secretary of State for Canada (d. 1999)
- 1944 – Lew Soloff, American trumpet player, composer, and actor (d. 2015)
- 1944 – Willem van Hanegem, Dutch footballer and coach
- 1945 – Alan Hull, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
- 1946 – Brenda Blethyn, English actress
- 1946 – Sandy Duncan, American actress, singer, and dancer
- 1946 – J. Geils, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
- 1947 – Peter Osgood, English footballer (d. 2006)
- 1947 – Peter Strauss, American actor and producer
- 1948 – Pierre Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
- 1948 – Jennifer O’Neill, American model and actress
- 1949 – Eddie Hemmings, English cricketer
- 1949 – Ivana Trump, Czech-American socialite and model
- 1950 – Walter Becker, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2017)
- 1950 – Peter Marinello, Scottish footballer, forward
- 1950 – Tony Wilson, English journalist and businessman (d. 2007)
- 1951 – Edward Albert, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1951 – Gordon Brown, Scottish historian and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- 1951 – Randy California, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1997)
- 1951 – Phil Neal, English footballer and manager
- 1953 – Poison Ivy, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1954 – Jon Brant, American bass player
- 1954 – Anthony Head, English actor
- 1954 – Patty Hearst, American actress and author
- 1957 – Glen Hanlon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1959 – Scott Brayton, American race car driver (d. 1996)
- 1959 – David Corn, American journalist and author
- 1959 – Bill Gullickson, American baseball player
- 1960 – Joel Hodgson, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
- 1960 – Cándido Muatetema Rivas, Equatoguinean politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (d. 2014)
- 1961 – Steve Lundquist, American swimmer
- 1962 – Dwayne McDuffie, American author, screenwriter, and producer, co-founded Milestone Media (d. 2011)
- 1963 – Charles Barkley, American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1963 – Ian Brown, English singer-songwriter and musician
- 1963 – Joakim Nystrom, Swedish tennis player
- 1963 – Mariliza Xenogiannakopoulou, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Health
- 1963 – Cui Yongyuan, Chinese former anchor
- 1964 – Willie Garson, American actor and director
- 1964 – Tom Harris, Scottish journalist and politician
- 1964 – Jeff Maggert, American golfer
- 1964 – French Stewart, American actor
- 1966 – Cindy Crawford, American model and businesswoman
- 1967 – Paul Accola, Swiss alpine skier
- 1967 – Kurt Cobain, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1994)
- 1967 – David Herman, American comedian and actor
- 1967 – Andrew Shue, American actor and activist, founded Do Something
- 1967 – Lili Taylor, American actress
- 1967 – Tom Waddle, American football player and sportscaster
- 1969 – Kjell Ove Hauge, Norwegian school principal and track and field athlete
- 1969 – Siniša Mihajlović, Serbian footballer and manager
- 1969 – Danis Tanović, Bosnian director and screenwriter
- 1971 – Calpernia Addams, American actress, author, and activist
- 1971 – Jari Litmanen, Finnish footballer
- 1971 – Joost van der Westhuizen, South African rugby player (d. 2017)
- 1972 – Neil Primrose, Scottish drummer
- 1974 – Karim Bagheri, Iranian footballer and manager
- 1975 – Liván Hernández, Cuban baseball player
- 1975 – Brian Littrell, American singer-songwriter and actor
- 1975 – Niclas Wallin, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1977 – Stephon Marbury, American basketball player
- 1977 – Gail Kim, Canadian professional wrestler
- 1978 – Lauren Ambrose, American actress and producer
- 1980 – Imanol Harinordoquy, French rugby player
- 1980 – Luis Gabriel Rey, Colombian footballer
- 1981 – Tony Hibbert, English footballer
- 1981 – Fred Jackson, American football player
- 1982 – Jason Hirsh, American baseball player
- 1983 – Jose Morales, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
- 1983 – Justin Verlander, American baseball player
- 1984 – Brian McCann, American baseball player
- 1984 – Trevor Noah, South African comedian, actor, and television host
- 1984 – Ramzee Robinson, American football player
- 1985 – Ryan Sweeney, American baseball player
- 1985 – Julia Volkova, Russian singer and actress
- 1985 – TJ Kirk, American YouTube personality and podcast host
- 1987 – Luke Burgess, English rugby league player
- 1987 – Miles Teller, American actor
- 1988 – Kealoha Pilares, American football player
- 1988 – Ki Bo-bae, South Korean archer
- 1988 – Rihanna, Barbadian-American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1988 – Jiah Khan, Indian singer and actress (d. 2013)
- 1989 – Daly Cherry-Evans, Australian rugby league player
- 1990 – Ciro Immobile, Italian footballer
- 1991 – Hidilyn Diaz, Filipino weightlifter
- 1991 – Giovanni Kyeremateng, Italian footballer
- 1991 – Angelique van der Meet, Dutch tennis player
- 1991 – Antonio Pedroza, English-Mexican footballer
- 1991 – Jocelyn Rae, English-Scottish tennis player
- 1992 – Kyle Turner, Australian rugby league player
- 1994 – Elseid Hysaj, Albanian footballer
Deaths on February 20
- 789 – Leo of Catania, saint and bishop of Catania (b. 709)
- 922 – Theodora, Byzantine empress
- 1054 – Yaroslav the Wise, grand prince of Veliky Novgorod and Kiev (b. 978)
- 1154 – Saint Wulfric of Haselbury (b. c. 1080)
- 1171 – Conan IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1138)
- 1194 – Tancred, King of Sicily (b. 1138)
- 1258 – Al-Musta’sim, Iraqi caliph (b. 1213)
- 1408 – Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (b. 1342)
- 1431 – Pope Martin V (b. 1368)
- 1458 – Lazar Branković, Despot of Serbia
- 1513 – King John of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden (b. 1455)
- 1524 – Tecun Uman, Mayan ruler (b. 1500)
- 1579 – Nicholas Bacon, English politician (b. 1509)
- 1618 – Philip William, Prince of Orange (b. 1554)
- 1626 – John Dowland, English lute player and composer (b. 1563)
- 1762 – Tobias Mayer, German astronomer and academic (b. 1723)
- 1771 – Jean-Jacques d’Ortous de Mairan, French geophysicist and astronomer (b. 1678)
- 1773 – Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (b. 1701)
- 1778 – Laura Bassi, Italian physicist and scholar (b. 1711)
- 1790 – Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1741)
- 1806 – Lachlan McIntosh, Scottish-American general and politician (b. 1725)
- 1810 – Andreas Hofer, Tyrolean rebel leader (b. 1767)
- 1850 – Valentín Canalizo, Mexican general and politician. 14th President (1843–1844) (b. 1794)
- 1862 – William Wallace Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1850)
- 1871 – Paul Kane, Irish-Canadian painter (b. 1810)
- 1893 – P. G. T. Beauregard, American general (b. 1818)
- 1895 – Frederick Douglass, American author and activist (b. 1818)
- 1900 – Washakie, American tribal leader (b. 1798)
- 1907 – Henri Moissan, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
- 1910 – Boutros Ghali, Egyptian educator and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1846)
- 1916 – Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Swedish journalist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1844)
- 1920 – Jacinta Marto, Portuguese saint (b. 1910)
- 1920 – Robert Peary, American admiral and explorer (b. 1856)
- 1933 – Takiji Kobayashi, Japanese writer (b. 1903)
- 1936 – Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)
- 1957 – Sadri Maksudi Arsal, Turkish scholar and politician (b. 1878)
- 1961 – Percy Grainger, Australian-American pianist and composer (b. 1882)
- 1963 – Jacob Gade, Danish violinist and composer(b. 1879)
- 1966 – Chester W. Nimitz, American admiral (b. 1885)
- 1968 – Anthony Asquith, English director and screenwriter (b. 1902)
- 1969 – Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883)
- 1972 – Maria Goeppert-Mayer, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
- 1972 – Walter Winchell, American journalist and actor (b. 1897)
- 1976 – René Cassin, French lawyer and judge, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
- 1976 – Kathryn Kuhlman, healing evangelist, known for belief in Holy Spirit (b. 1907)
- 1981 – Nicolas de Gunzburg, French-American banker and publisher (b. 1904)
- 1987 – Wayne Boring, American illustrator (b. 1905)
- 1992 – A. J. Casson, Canadian painter (b. 1898)
- 1992 – Dick York, American actor (b. 1928)
- 1993 – Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian businessman, founded Lamborghini (b. 1916)
- 1993 – Ernest L. Massad, American general (b. 1908)
- 1996 – Solomon Asch, American psychologist and academic (b. 1907)
- 1996 – Audrey Munson, American model (b. 1891)
- 1996 – Toru Takemitsu, Japanese pianist, guitarist, and composer (b. 1930)
- 1999 – Sarah Kane, English playwright (b. 1971)
- 1999 – Gene Siskel, American journalist and critic (b. 1946)
- 2000 – Anatoly Sobchak, Russian lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Saint Petersburg (b. 1937)
- 2001 – Rosemary DeCamp, American actress (b. 1910)
- 2001 – Donella Meadows, American environmentalist, author, and academic (b. 1941)
- 2003 – Mushaf Ali Mir, Pakistani air marshal (b. 1947)
- 2003 – Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher and author (b. 1907)
- 2003 – Orville Freeman, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 29th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1918)
- 2005 – Sandra Dee, American actress (b. 1942)
- 2005 – Josef Holeček, Czechoslovakian canoeist (b. 1921)2005 – John Raitt, American actor and singer (b. 1917)
- 2005 – Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (b. 1937)
- 2006 – Curt Gowdy, American sportscaster (b. 1919)
- 2006 – Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist and author (b. 1920)
- 2008 – Emily Perry, English actress and dancer (b. 1907)
- 2009 – Larry H. Miller, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1944)
- 2010 – Alexander Haig, American general and politician, 59th United States Secretary of State (b. 1924)
- 2012 – Knut Torbjørn Eggen, Norwegian footballer and manager (b. 1960)
- 2012 – Katie Hall, American educator and politician (b. 1938)
- 2013 – Kenji Eno, Japanese game designer and composer (b. 1970)
- 2013 – David S. McKay, American biochemist and geologist (b. 1936)
- 2013 – Antonio Roma, Argentinian footballer (b. 1932)
- 2014 – Rafael Addiego Bruno, Uruguayan jurist and politician, President of Uruguay (b. 1923)
- 2014 – Walter D. Ehlers, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1921)
- 2014 – Garrick Utley, American journalist (b. 1939)
- 2015 – Govind Pansare, Indian author and activist (b. 1933)
- 2015 – Henry Segerstrom, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1923)
- 2015 – John C. Willke, American physician, author, and activist (b. 1925)
- 2016 – Fernando Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest and politician (b. 1934)
- 2017 – Vitaly Churkin, Ambassador of the Russian Federation to the United Nations (b. 1952)
- 2017 – Mildred Dresselhaus, American physicist (b. 1930)
- 2017 – Steve Hewlett, British journalist (b. 1958)
- 2020 – Joaquim Pina Moura, Portuguese Minister of Economy and Treasury and MP
Holidays and observances on February 20
- Christian feast day:
- Eleutherius of Tournai
- Eucherius of Orléans
- Francisco Marto and Jacinta Marto
- Frederick Douglass (Episcopal Church (USA))
- Wulfric of Haselbury
- February 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Day of Heavenly Hundred Heroes (Ukraine)
- World Day of Social Justice
-
February 13 in History
- 951 – Guo Wei, a court official, leads a military coup and declares himself emperor of the new Later Zhou.
- 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the Diploma Ottonianum, recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
- 1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
- 1462 – The Treaty of Westminster is finalised between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.
- 1503 – Challenge of Barletta: Tournament between 13 Italian and 13 French knights near Barletta.
- 1542 – Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.
- 1633 – Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.
- 1660 – With the accession of young Charles XI of Sweden, his regents begin negotiations to end the Second Northern War.
- 1689 – William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.
- 1692 – Massacre of Glencoe: Almost 80 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.
- 1726 – Parliament of Negrete between Mapuche and Spanish authorities in Chile bring an end to the Mapuche uprising of 1723–26.
- 1755 – Treaty of Giyanti signed by VOC, Pakubuwono III and Prince Mangkubumi. The treaty divides the Javanese kingdom of Mataram into 2: Sunanate of Surakarta and Sultanate of Yogyakarta.
- 1849 – The delegation headed by Metropolitan bishop Andrei Șaguna hands out to the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria the General Petition of Romanian leaders in Transylvania, Banat and Bukovina, which demands that the Romanian nation be recognized.
- 1861 – Italian unification: The Siege of Gaeta ends with the capitulation of the defending fortress, effectively bringing an end of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
- 1867 – Work begins on the covering of the Senne, burying Brussels’s primary river and creating the modern central boulevards.
- 1880 – Thomas Edison observes Thermionic emission.
- 1913 – The 13th Dalai Lama proclaims Tibetan independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of independence.
- 1914 – Copyright: In New York City the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.
- 1920 – The Negro National League is formed.
- 1931 – The British Raj completes its transfer from Calcutta to New Delhi.
- 1935 – A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh.
- 1945 – World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army.
- 1945 – World War II: Royal Air Force bombers are dispatched to Dresden, Germany to attack the city with a massive aerial bombardment.
- 1951 – Korean War: Battle of Chipyong-ni, which represented the “high-water mark” of the Chinese incursion into South Korea, commences.
- 1954 – Frank Selvy becomes the only NCAA Division I basketball player ever to score 100 points in a single game.
- 1955 – Israel obtains four of the seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
- 1960 – With the success of a nuclear test codenamed “Gerboise Bleue”, France becomes the fourth country to possess nuclear weapons.
- 1960 – Black college students stage the first of the Nashville sit-ins at three lunch counters in Nashville, Tennessee.
- 1961 – An allegedly 500,000-year-old rock is discovered near Olancha, California, US, that appears to anachronistically encase a spark plug.
- 1967 – American researchers discover the Madrid Codices by Leonardo da Vinci in the National Library of Spain.
- 1975 – Fire at One World Trade Center (North Tower) of the World Trade Center in New York.
- 1978 – Hilton bombing: a bomb explodes in a refuse truck outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing two refuse collectors and a policeman.
- 1979 – An intense windstorm strikes western Washington and sinks a 1⁄2-mile-long section of the Hood Canal Bridge.
- 1981 – A series of sewer explosions destroys more than two miles of streets in Louisville, Kentucky.
- 1983 – A cinema fire in Turin, Italy, kills 64 people.
- 1984 – Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- 1990 – German reunification: An agreement is reached on a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.
- 1991 – Gulf War: Two laser-guided “smart bombs” destroy the Amiriyah shelter in Baghdad. Allied forces said the bunker was being used as a military communications outpost, but over 400 Iraqi civilians inside were killed.
- 1996 – The Nepalese Civil War is initiated in the Kingdom of Nepal by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre).
- 1999 – The last hockey game is played in Maple Leaf Gardens: the Toronto Maple Leafs lose 6–2 to the Chicago Blackhawks.
- 2001 – An earthquake measuring 7.6 on the Richter magnitude scale hits El Salvador, killing at least 944.
- 2004 – The Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announces the discovery of the universe’s largest known diamond, white dwarf star BPM 37093. Astronomers named this star “Lucy” after The Beatles’ song “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds”.
- 2007 – Taiwan opposition leader Ma Ying-jeou resigns as the chairman of the Kuomintang party after being indicted on charges of embezzlement during his tenure as the mayor of Taipei; Ma also announces his candidacy for the 2008 presidential election.
- 2008 – Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd makes a historic apology to the Indigenous Australians and the Stolen Generations.
- 2010 – A bomb explodes in the city of Pune, Maharashtra, India, killing 17 and injuring 60 more.
- 2011 – For the first time in more than 100 years the Umatilla, an American Indian tribe, are able to hunt and harvest a bison just outside Yellowstone National Park, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.
- 2012 – The European Space Agency (ESA) conducted the first launch of the European Vega rocket from Europe’s spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
- 2017 – Kim Jong-nam, brother of North Korean dictator Kim Jong-Un, is assassinated at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
Births on February 13
- 1440 – Hartmann Schedel, German physician (d. 1514)
- 1457 – Mary of Burgundy, Sovereign Duchess regnant of Burgundy, married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1482)
- 1469 – Elia Levita, Renaissance Hebrew grammarian (d. 1549)
- 1480 – Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (d. 1542)
- 1523 – Valentin Naboth, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1593)
- 1539 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Electress Palatine (d. 1582)
- 1569 – Johann Reinhard I, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1625)
- 1599 – Pope Alexander VII (d. 1667)
- 1602 – William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1637)
- 1672 – Étienne François Geoffroy, French physician and chemist (d. 1731)
- 1683 – Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, Italian painter (d. 1754)
- 1719 – George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, English admiral and politician (d. 1792)
- 1721 – John Reid, Scottish general (d. 1807)
- 1728 – John Hunter, Scottish surgeon and anatomist (d. 1793)
- 1766 – Thomas Robert Malthus, English economist and scholar (d. 1834)
- 1768 – Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French general and politician, 15th Prime Minister of France (d. 1835)
- 1769 – Ivan Krylov, Russian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1844)
- 1805 – Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician and academic (d. 1859)
- 1811 – François Achille Bazaine, French general (d. 1888)
- 1815 – Rufus Wilmot Griswold, American anthologist, editor, poet and critic (d. 1857)
- 1831 – John Aaron Rawlins, American general and politician, 29th United States Secretary of War (d. 1869)
- 1834 – Heinrich Caro, Sephardic Jewish Polish-German chemist and academic (d. 1910)
- 1835 – Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Indian religious leader (d. 1908)
- 1849 – Lord Randolph Churchill, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1895)
- 1855 – Paul Deschanel, Belgian-French politician, 11th President of France (d. 1922)
- 1863 – Hugo Becker, German cellist and composer (d. 1941)
- 1867 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (d. 1905)
- 1870 – Leopold Godowsky, Polish-American pianist and composer (d. 1938)
- 1873 – Feodor Chaliapin, Russian opera singer (d. 1938)
- 1876 – Fritz Buelow, German-American baseball player and umpire (d. 1933)
- 1879 – Sarojini Naidu, Indian poet and activist (d. 1949)
- 1880 – Dimitrie Gusti, Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1955)
- 1881 – Eleanor Farjeon, Jewish-English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1965)
- 1883 – Hal Chase, American baseball player and manager (d. 1947)
- 1883 – Yevgeny Vakhtangov, Russian-Armenian actor and director (d. 1922)
- 1884 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American pole vaulter and businessman, founded the A. C. Gilbert Company (d. 1961)
- 1885 – Bess Truman, American wife of Harry S. Truman, 35th First Lady of the United States (d. 1982)
- 1887 – Géza Csáth, Hungarian playwright and critic (d. 1919)
- 1888 – Georgios Papandreou, Greek lawyer, economist, and politician, 162nd Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1968)
- 1889 – Leontine Sagan, Austrian actress and director (d. 1974)
- 1891 – Kate Roberts, Welsh author and activist (d. 1985)
- 1891 – Grant Wood, American painter and academic (d. 1942)
- 1892 – Robert H. Jackson, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 57th United States Attorney General (d. 1954)
- 1898 – Hubert Ashton, English cricketer and politician (d. 1979)
- 1900 – Barbara von Annenkoff, Russian-born German film and stage actress (d. 1979)
- 1901 – Paul Lazarsfeld, Austrian-American sociologist and academic (d. 1976)
- 1902 – Harold Lasswell, American political scientist and theorist (d. 1978)
- 1903 – Georgy Beriev, Georgian-Russian engineer, founded the Beriev Aircraft Company (d. 1979)
- 1903 – Georges Simenon, Belgian-Swiss author (d. 1989)
- 1906 – Agostinho da Silva, Portuguese philosopher and author (d. 1994)
- 1907 – Katy de la Cruz, Filipino-American singer and actress (d. 2004)
- 1910 – William Shockley, English-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
- 1911 – Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Indian-Pakistani poet and journalist (d. 1984)
- 1911 – Jean Muir, American actress and educator (d. 1996)
- 1912 – Harald Riipalu, Russian-Estonian commander (d. 1961)
- 1912 – Margaretta Scott, English actress (d. 2005)
- 1913 – Khalid of Saudi Arabia (d. 1982)
- 1915 – Lyle Bettger, American actor (d. 2003)
- 1915 – Aung San, Burmese general and politician, 5th Premier of British Crown Colony of Burma (d. 1947)
- 1916 – Dorothy Bliss, American invertebrate zoologist (d. 1987)
- 1919 – Tennessee Ernie Ford, American singer and actor (d. 1991)
- 1919 – Eddie Robinson, American football player and coach (d. 2007)
- 1920 – Boudleaux Bryant, American songwriter (d. 1987)
- 1920 – Eileen Farrell, American soprano and educator (d. 2002)
- 1921 – Jeanne Demessieux, French pianist and composer (d. 1968)
- 1921 – Aung Khin, Burmese painter (d. 1996)
- 1922 – Francis Pym, Baron Pym, Welsh soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (d. 2008)
- 1922 – Gordon Tullock, American economist and academic (d. 2014)
- 1923 – Michael Anthony Bilandic, American soldier, judge, and politician, 49th Mayor of Chicago (d. 2002)
- 1923 – Chuck Yeager, American general and pilot; first test pilot to break the sound barrier
- 1924 – Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician (d. 2006)
- 1926 – Fay Ajzenberg-Selove, American nuclear physicist (d. 2012)
- 1928 – Gerald Regan, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 2019)
- 1929 – Omar Torrijos, Panamanian commander and politician, Military Leader of Panama (d. 1981)
- 1930 – Ernst Fuchs, Austrian painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2015)
- 1930 – Israel Kirzner, English-American economist, author, and academic
- 1932 – Susan Oliver, American actress (d. 1990)
- 1933 – Paul Biya, Cameroon politician, 2nd President of Cameroon
- 1933 – Kim Novak, American actress
- 1933 – Emanuel Ungaro, French fashion designer (d. 2019)
- 1934 – George Segal, American actor
- 1937 – Ali El-Maak, Sudanese author and academic (d. 1992)
- 1937 – Angelo Mosca, American-Canadian football player and wrestler
- 1938 – Oliver Reed, English actor (d. 1999)
- 1940 – Bram Peper, Dutch sociologist and politician, Mayor of Rotterdam
- 1941 – Sigmar Polke, German painter and photographer (d. 2010)
- 1941 – Bo Svenson, Swedish-American actor, director, and producer
- 1942 – Carol Lynley, American model and actress (d. 2019)
- 1942 – Peter Tork, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and actor (d. 2019)
- 1942 – Donald E. Williams, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2016)
- 1943 – Elaine Pagels, American theologian and academic
- 1944 – Stockard Channing, American actress
- 1944 – Jerry Springer, English-American television host, actor, and politician, 56th Mayor of Cincinnati
- 1945 – Marian Dawkins, English biologist and academic
- 1945 – King Floyd, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
- 1945 – Simon Schama, English historian and author
- 1945 – William Sleator, American author and composer (d. 2011)
- 1946 – Richard Blumenthal, American sergeant and politician, 23rd Attorney General of Connecticut
- 1946 – Janet Finch, English sociologist and academic
- 1946 – Colin Matthews, English composer and educator
- 1947 – Stephen Hadley, American soldier and diplomat, 21st United States National Security Advisor
- 1947 – Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball player and coach
- 1947 – Bogdan Tanjević, Montenegrin-Bosnian professional basketball coach
- 1947 – Kevin Bloody Wilson, Australian comedian, singer-songwriter, and guitarist
- 1949 – Peter Kern, Austrian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
- 1950 – Vera Baird, English lawyer and politician
- 1950 – Peter Gabriel, English singer-songwriter and musician
- 1952 – Ed Gagliardi, American bass player (d. 2014)
- 1953 – Akio Sato, Japanese wrestler and manager
- 1954 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (d. 1989)
- 1955 – Joe Birkett, American lawyer, judge, and politician
- 1956 – Peter Hook, English singer, songwriter, bass player, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer
- 1957 – Denise Austin, American fitness trainer and author
- 1958 – Pernilla August, Swedish actress
- 1958 – Marc Emery, Canadian publisher and activist
- 1958 – Jean-François Lisée, Canadian journalist and politician
- 1958 – Derek Riggs, English painter and illustrator
- 1958 – Øivind Elgenes, Norwegian vocalist, guitarist and composer
- 1959 – Gaston Gingras, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1960 – Pierluigi Collina, Italian footballer and referee
- 1960 – John Healey, English journalist and politician
- 1960 – Gary Patterson, American football player and coach
- 1960 – Artur Yusupov, Russian-German chess player and author
- 1961 – Marc Crawford, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1961 – cEvin Key, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, keyboard player, and producer
- 1961 – Henry Rollins, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
- 1962 – Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Puerto Rican lawyer and politician
- 1962 – Baby Doll, American wrestler and manager
- 1962 – Michele Greene, American actress
- 1964 – Stephen Bowen, American engineer, captain, and astronaut
- 1964 – Ylva Johansson, Swedish educator and politician, Swedish Minister of Employment
- 1965 – Peter O’Neill, Papua New Guinean accountant and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
- 1966 – Neal McDonough, American actor and producer
- 1966 – Jeff Waters, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
- 1966 – Freedom Williams, American rapper and singer
- 1967 – Stanimir Stoilov, Bulgarian footballer and coach
- 1968 – Kelly Hu, American actress
- 1969 – Joyce DiDonato, American soprano and actress
- 1970 – Karoline Krüger, Norwegian singer-songwriter and pianist
- 1971 – Sonia Evans, English singer-songwriter
- 1971 – Mats Sundin, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1971 – Todd Williams, American baseball player
- 1972 – Virgilijus Alekna, Lithuanian discus thrower
- 1972 – Charlie Garner, American football player
- 1974 – Fonzworth Bentley, American rapper and actor
- 1974 – Robbie Williams, English singer-songwriter
- 1975 – Ben Collins, English race car driver
- 1975 – Katie Hopkins, English media personality and columnist
- 1976 – Jörg Bergmeister, German race car driver
- 1976 – Shannon Nevin, Australian rugby league player
- 1977 – Randy Moss, American football player and coach
- 1978 – Niklas Bäckström, Finnish ice hockey player
- 1978 – Philippe Jaroussky, French countertenor
- 1979 – Anders Behring Breivik, Norwegian murderer
- 1979 – Rafael Márquez, Mexican footballer
- 1979 – Rachel Reeves, English economist and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
- 1979 – Mena Suvari, American actress and fashion designer
- 1980 – Carlos Cotto, Puerto Rican-American wrestler and boxer
- 1981 – Luisão, Brazilian footballer
- 1982 – Even Helte Hermansen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
- 1982 – Michael Turner, American football player
- 1983 – Mike Nickeas, Canadian baseball player
- 1983 – Anna Watkins, English rower
- 1984 – Hinkelien Schreuder, Dutch swimmer
- 1985 – Kwak Ji-min, South Korean actress
- 1986 – Luke Moore, English footballer
- 1986 – Aqib Talib, American football player
- 1987 – Eljero Elia, Dutch footballer
- 1988 – Ryan Goins, American baseball player
- 1988 – Eddy Pettybourne, New Zealand-Samoan rugby league player
- 1989 – Rodrigo Possebon, Brazilian footballer
- 1991 – Eliaquim Mangala, French footballer
- 1991 – Junior Roqica, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
- 1991 – Vianney, French singer
- 1994 – Memphis Depay, Dutch footballer
Deaths on February 13
- 106 – Emperor He of Han (Han Hedi) of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty (b. AD 79)
- 721 – Chilperic II, Frankish king (b. 672)
- 858 – Kenneth MacAlpin, Scottish king (probable; b. 810)
- 921 – Vratislaus I, duke of Bohemia
- 936 – Xiao Wen, empress of the Liao Dynasty
- 942 – Muhammad ibn Ra’iq, Abbasid emir and regent
- 988 – Adalbert Atto, Lombard nobleman
- 1021 – Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Fatimid caliph (b. 985)
- 1130 – Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1060
- 1141 – Béla II, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1110)
- 1199 – Stefan Nemanja, Serbian grand prince (b. 1113)
- 1219 – Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shōgun (b. 1192)
- 1332 – Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1259)
- 1351 – Kō no Morofuyu, Japanese general
- 1539 – Isabella d’Este, Italian noblewoman (b. 1474)
- 1542 – Catherine Howard, English wife of Henry VIII of England (executed;b. 1521)
- 1571 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1500)
- 1585 – Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish priest and scholar (b. 1515)
- 1602 – Alexander Nowell, English clergyman and theologian (b. 1507)
- 1660 – Charles X Gustav, king of Sweden (b. 1622)
- 1662 – Elizabeth Stuart, queen of Bohemia (b. 1596)
- 1693 – Johann Caspar Kerll, German organist and composer (b. 1627)
- 1727 – William Wotton, English linguist and scholar (b. 1666)
- 1728 – Cotton Mather, American minister and author (b. 1663)
- 1732 – Charles-René d’Hozier, French historian and author (b. 1640)
- 1741 – Johann Joseph Fux, Austrian composer and theorist (b. 1660)
- 1787 – Roger Joseph Boscovich, Croatian physicist, astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1711)
- 1787 – Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French lawyer and politician, Foreign Minister of France (b. 1717)
- 1813 – Samuel Ashe, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
- 1818 – George Rogers Clark, American general (b. 1752)
- 1826 – Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Russian general and politician, Governor-General of Baltic provinces (b. 1745)
- 1831 – Edward Berry, English admiral (b. 1768)
- 1837 – Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and author (b. 1809)
- 1845 – Henrik Steffens, Norwegian-German philosopher and poet (b. 1773)
- 1877 – Costache Caragiale, Romanian actor and manager (b. 1815)
- 1883 – Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
- 1888 – Jean-Baptiste Lamy, French-American archbishop (b. 1814)
- 1892 – Provo Wallis, Canadian-English admiral (b. 1791)
- 1893 – Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, Mexican intellectual and journalist (b. 1834)
- 1905 – Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter (b. 1844)
- 1906 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (b. 1866)
- 1934 – József Pusztai, Slovene-Hungarian poet and journalist (b. 1864)
- 1942 – Otakar Batlička, Czech journalist (b. 1895)
- 1942 – Epitácio Pessoa, Brazilian lawyer, judge, and politician, 11th President of Brazil (b. 1865)
- 1950 – Rafael Sabatini, Italian-English novelist and short story writer (b. 1875)
- 1951 – Lloyd C. Douglas, American minister and author (b. 1877)
- 1952 – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (b. 1896)
- 1954 – Agnes Macphail, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1890)
- 1956 – Jan Łukasiewicz, Polish mathematician and philosopher (b. 1878)
- 1958 – Christabel Pankhurst, English activist, co-founded the Women’s Social and Political Union (b. 1880)
- 1958 – Georges Rouault, French painter and illustrator (b. 1871)
- 1964 – Paulino Alcántara, Filipino-Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1896)
- 1964 – Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist and academic (b. 1902)
- 1967 – Yoshisuke Aikawa, entrepreneur, businessman, and politician, founded Nissan Motor Company (b. 1880)
- 1967 – Abelardo L. Rodríguez, substitute president of Mexico (1932-1934) (b. 1889)
- 1968 – Mae Marsh, American actress (b. 1895)
- 1968 – Portia White, Canadian opera singer (b. 1911)
- 1973 – Marinus Jan Granpré Molière, Dutch architect and educator (b. 1883)
- 1975 – André Beaufre, French general (b. 1902)
- 1976 – Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian general and politician, 4th President of Nigeria (b. 1938)
- 1976 – Lily Pons, French-American soprano and actress (b. 1904)
- 1980 – David Janssen, American actor (b. 1931)
- 1984 – Cheong Eak Chong, Singaporean entrepreneur (b. 1888)
- 1986 – Yuri Ivask, Russian-American poet and critic (b. 1907)
- 1989 – Wayne Hays, American lieutenant and politician (b. 1911)
- 1991 – Arno Breker, German sculptor and illustrator (b. 1900)
- 1992 – Nikolay Bogolyubov, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and physicist (b. 1909)
- 1996 – Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)
- 1997 – Robert Klark Graham, American eugenicist and businessman (b. 1906)
- 1997 – Mark Krasnosel’skii, Russian-Ukrainian mathematician and academic (b. 1920)
- 2000 – Anders Aalborg, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1914)
- 2000 – James Cooke Brown, American sociologist and author (b. 1921)
- 2000 – John Leake, English soldier (b. 1949)
- 2002 – Waylon Jennings, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1937)
- 2003 – Kid Gavilán, Cuban-American boxer (b. 1926)
- 2003 – Walt Whitman Rostow, American economist; 7th United States National Security Advisor (b. 1916)
- 2004 – François Tavenas, Canadian engineer and academic (b. 1942)
- 2004 – Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Chechen politician, 2nd President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (b. 1952)
- 2005 – Nelson Briles, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1943)
- 2005 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun (b. 1907)
- 2006 – P. F. Strawson, English philosopher and author (b. 1919)
- 2007 – Elizabeth Jolley, English-Australian author and academic (b. 1923)
- 2007 – Charlie Norwood, American captain and politician (b. 1941)
- 2007 – Richard Gordon Wakeford, English air marshal (b. 1922)
- 2008 – Kon Ichikawa, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
- 2009 – Edward Upward, English author and educator (b. 1903)
- 2010 – Lucille Clifton, American poet and academic (b. 1936)
- 2010 – Dale Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1936)
- 2012 – Russell Arms, American actor and singer (b. 1920)
- 2012 – Louise Cochrane, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1918)
- 2012 – Daniel C. Gerould, American playwright and academic (b. 1928)
- 2013 – Gerry Day, American journalist and screenwriter (b. 1922)
- 2013 – Miles J. Jones, American pathologist and physician (b. 1952)
- 2013 – Pieter Kooijmans, Dutch judge and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for The Netherlands (b. 1933)
- 2013 – Andrée Malebranche, Haitian artist (b. 1916)
- 2013 – Yuko Tojo, Japanese activist and politician (b. 1939)
- 2014 – Balu Mahendra, Sri Lankan-Indian director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)
- 2014 – Richard Møller Nielsen, Danish footballer and manager (b. 1937)
- 2014 – Ralph Waite, American actor and activist (b. 1928)
- 2015 – Faith Bandler, Australian activist and author (b. 1918)
- 2015 – Stan Chambers, American journalist and actor (b. 1923)
- 2016 – O. N. V. Kurup, Indian poet and academic (b. 1931)
- 2016 – Antonin Scalia, American lawyer and judge, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1936)
- 2017 – Ricardo Arias Calderón, Panamanian politician, Vice President (1990–1992) (b. 1933)
- 2017 – Aileen Hernandez, American union organizer and activist (b. 1926)
- 2017 – Seijun Suzuki, Japanese filmmaker (b. 1923)
- 2017 – Kim Jong-nam, North Korean politician (b. 1971)
- 2017 – E-Dubble, American rapper (b. 1982)
- 2018 – Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark, French-born Danish royal (b. 1934)
Holidays and observances on February 13
- Children’s Day (Myanmar)
- Christian feast day:
- Absalom Jones (Episcopal Church (USA))
- Beatrice of Ornacieux
- Castor of Karden
- Catherine of Ricci
- Ermenilda of Ely
- Fulcran
- Jordan of Saxony
- Polyeuctus (Roman Catholic Church)
- February 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- World Radio Day
-
February 9 in History
- 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
- 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland.
- 1555 – Bishop of Gloucester John Hooper is burned at the stake.
- 1621 – Gregory XV becomes Pope, the last Pope elected by acclamation.
- 1654 – The Capture of Fort Rocher takes place during the Anglo-Spanish War.
- 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The British Parliament declares Massachusetts in rebellion.
- 1778 – Rhode Island becomes the fourth US state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.
- 1788 – The Habsburg Empire joins the Russo-Turkish War in the Russian camp.
- 1825 – After no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes in the US presidential election of 1824, the United States House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams as President of the United States.
- 1849 – The new Roman Republic is declared.
- 1861 – American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is elected the Provisional President of the Confederate States of America by the Confederate convention at Montgomery, Alabama.
- 1870 – US president Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau.
- 1889 – US president Grover Cleveland signs a bill elevating the United States Department of Agriculture to a Cabinet-level agency.
- 1895 – William G. Morgan creates a game called Mintonette, which soon comes to be referred to as volleyball.
- 1900 – The Davis Cup competition is established.
- 1904 – Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Port Arthur concludes.
- 1907 – The Mud March is the first large procession organised by the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS).
- 1913 – A group of meteors is visible across much of the eastern seaboard of North and South America, leading astronomers to conclude the source had been a small, short-lived natural satellite of the Earth.
- 1920 – Under the terms of the Svalbard Treaty, international diplomacy recognizes Norwegian sovereignty over Arctic archipelago Svalbard, and designates it as demilitarized.
- 1922 – Brazil becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
- 1934 – The Balkan Entente is formed.
- 1941 – World War II: The Cathedral of San Lorenzo in Genoa, Italy, is struck by a bomb which fails to detonate.
- 1942 – World War II: Top United States military leaders hold their first formal meeting to discuss American military strategy in the war.
- 1942 – Year-round Daylight saving time (aka War Time) is re-instated in the United States as a wartime measure to help conserve energy resources.
- 1943 – World War II: Allied authorities declare Guadalcanal secure after Imperial Japan evacuates its remaining forces from the island, ending the Battle of Guadalcanal.
- 1945 – World War II: Battle of the Atlantic: HMS Venturer sinks U-864 off the coast of Fedje, Norway, in a rare instance of submarine-to-submarine combat.
- 1945 – World War II: A force of Allied aircraft unsuccessfully attacked a German destroyer in Førdefjorden, Norway.
- 1950 – Second Red Scare: US Senator Joseph McCarthy accuses the United States Department of State of being filled with Communists.
- 1951 – Korean War: The two-day Geochang massacre begins as a battalion of the 11th Division of the South Korean Army kills 719 unarmed citizens in Geochang, in the South Gyeongsang district of South Korea
- 1959 – The R-7 Semyorka, the first intercontinental ballistic missile, becomes operational at Plesetsk, USSR.
- 1964 – The Beatles make their first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, performing before a “record-busting” audience of 73 million viewers across the USA.
- 1965 – The United States Marine Corps sends a MIM-23 Hawk missile battalion to South Vietnam, the first American troops in-country without an official advisory or training mission.
- 1971 – The 6.5–6.7 Mw Sylmar earthquake hits the Greater Los Angeles Area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing 64 and injuring 2,000.
- 1971 – Satchel Paige becomes the first Negro League player to be voted into the USA’s Baseball Hall of Fame.
- 1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 14 returns to Earth after the third manned Moon landing.
- 1975 – The Soyuz 17 Soviet spacecraft returns to Earth.
- 1976 – Aeroflot Flight 3739, a Tupolev Tu-104, crashes during takeoff from Irkutsk Airport, killing 24.
- 1978 – The Budd Company unveils its first SPV-2000 self-propelled railcar in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 1986 – Halley’s Comet last appeared in the inner Solar System.
- 1991 – Voters in Lithuania vote for independence.
- 1996 – The Provisional Irish Republican Army declares the end to its 18-month ceasefire and explodes a large bomb in London’s Canary Wharf, killing two people.
- 1996 – Copernicium is discovered, by Sigurd Hofmann, Victor Ninov et al.
- 2016 – Two passenger trains collided in the German town of Bad Aibling in the state of Bavaria. Twelve people died, and 85 others were injured.
- 2018 – Winter Olympics: Opening ceremony is performed in Pyeongchang County in South Korea.
Births on February 9
- 1060 – Honorius II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1130)
- 1274 – Louis of Toulouse, French bishop (d. 1297)
- 1313 – Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile, Portuguese infanta (d. 1357)
- 1344 – Meinhard III, count of Tyrol (d. 1363)
- 1441 – Ali-Shir Nava’i, Turkic poet, linguist, and painter (d. 1501)
- 1533 – Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese daimyō (d. 1611)
- 1579 – Johannes Meursius, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1639)
- 1651 – Procopio Cutò, French entrepreneur (d. 1727)
- 1666 – George Hamilton, 1st Earl of Orkney, Scottish field marshal (d. 1737)
- 1711 – Luis Vicente de Velasco e Isla, Spanish sailor and commander (d. 1762)
- 1737 – Thomas Paine, English-American philosopher, author, and activist (d. 1809)
- 1741 – Henri-Joseph Rigel, German-French composer (d. 1799)
- 1748 – Sir John Duckworth, 1st Baronet, English admiral and politician, Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1817)
- 1763 – Louis I, Grand Duke of Baden (d. 1830)
- 1769 – George W. Campbell, Scottish-American lawyer and politician, 5th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1848)
- 1773 – William Henry Harrison, American general and politician, 9th President of the United States (d. 1841)
- 1775 – Farkas Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician and academic (d. 1856)
- 1781 – Johann Baptist von Spix, German biologist and explorer (d. 1826)
- 1783 – Vasily Zhukovsky, Russian poet and translator (d. 1852)
- 1789 – Franz Xaver Gabelsberger, German engineer, invented Gabelsberger shorthand (d. 1849)
- 1800 – Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (d. 1844)
- 1814 – Samuel J. Tilden, American lawyer and politician, 28th Governor of New York (d. 1886)
- 1815 – Federico de Madrazo, Spanish painter (d.1894)
- 1834 – Felix Dahn, German lawyer, historian, and author (d. 1912)
- 1826 – Keʻelikōlani, Hawaiian royal and governor (d. 1883)
- 1837 – José Burgos, Filipino priest and revolutionary (d. 1872)
- 1839 – Silas Adams, American colonel, lawyer, and politician (d. 1896)
- 1846 – Wilhelm Maybach, German engineer and businessman, founded Maybach (d. 1929)
- 1846 – Whitaker Wright, English businessman and financier (d. 1904)
- 1847 – Hugh Price Hughes, Welsh-English clergyman and theologian (d. 1902)
- 1854 – Aletta Jacobs, Dutch physician and suffrage activist (d. 1929)
- 1856 – Hara Takashi, Japanese politician, 10th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1921)
- 1859 – Akiyama Yoshifuru, Japanese general (d. 1930)
- 1863 – Anthony Hope, English author and playwright (d. 1933)
- 1864 – Miina Härma, Estonian organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1941)
- 1865 – Mrs. Patrick Campbell, English-French actress (d. 1940)
- 1865 – Erich von Drygalski, German geographer and geophysicist (d. 1949)
- 1867 – Natsume Sōseki, Japanese author and poet (d. 1916)
- 1871 – Howard Taylor Ricketts, American pathologist and physician (d. 1910)
- 1874 – Amy Lowell, American poet, critic, and educator (d. 1925)
- 1876 – Arthur Edward Moore, New Zealand-Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Queensland (d. 1963)
- 1878 – Jack Kirwan, Irish international footballer (d. 1959)
- 1880 – Lipót Fejér, Hungarian mathematician and academic (d. 1959)
- 1883 – Jules Berry, French actor and director (d. 1951)
- 1885 – Alban Berg, Austrian composer and educator (d. 1935)
- 1885 – Clarence H. Haring, American historian and author (d. 1960)
- 1889 – Larry Semon, American actor, producer, director and screenwriter (d. 1928)
- 1891 – Ronald Colman, English-American actor (d. 1958)
- 1892 – Peggy Wood, American actress (d. 1978)
- 1893 – Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, Greek lawyer and politician, 163rd Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1987)
- 1895 – Hermann Brill, German lawyer and politician, 8th Minister-President of Thuringia (d. 1959)
- 1896 – Alberto Vargas, Peruvian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1982)
- 1897 – Charles Kingsford Smith, Australian captain and pilot (d. 1935)
- 1898 – Jūkichi Yagi, Japanese poet and educator (d. 1927)
- 1901 – Brian Donlevy, American actor (d. 1972)
- 1901 – James Murray, American actor (d. 1936)
- 1905 – David Cecil, 6th Marquess of Exeter, English hurdler and politician (d. 1981)
- 1906 – André Kostolany, Hungarian-French economist and journalist (d. 1999)
- 1907 – Trường Chinh, Vietnamese politician, 4th President of Vietnam (d. 1988)
- 1907 – Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter, English-Canadian mathematician and academic (d. 2003)
- 1909 – Heather Angel, English-American actress (d. 1986)
- 1909 – Carmen Miranda, Portuguese-Brazilian actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1955)
- 1909 – Dean Rusk, American colonel and politician, 54th United States Secretary of State (d. 1994)
- 1910 – Jacques Monod, French biochemist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)
- 1911 – William Orlando Darby, American general (d. 1945)
- 1912 – Futabayama Sadaji, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 35th Yokozuna (d. 1968)
- 1912 – Ginette Leclerc, French actress (d. 1992)
- 1914 – Ernest Tubb, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)
- 1916 – Tex Hughson, American baseball player (d. 1993)
- 1918 – Lloyd Noel Ferguson, African American chemist (d. 2011)
- 1920 – Fred Allen, New Zealand rugby player and coach (d. 2012)
- 1922 – Kathryn Grayson, American actress and soprano (d. 2010)
- 1922 – Jim Laker, English cricketer and sportscaster (d. 1986)
- 1922 – C. P. Krishnan Nair, Indian businessman, founded The Leela Palaces, Hotels and Resorts (d. 2014)
- 1922 – Robert E. Ogren, American zoologist (d. 2005)
- 1923 – Brendan Behan, Irish rebel, poet, and playwright (d. 1964)
- 1923 – Tonie Nathan, American radio host, producer, and politician (d. 2014)
- 1925 – John B. Cobb, American philosopher and theologian
- 1925 – Burkhard Heim, German physicist and academic (d. 2001)
- 1926 – Garret FitzGerald, Irish lawyer and politician, 7th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 2011)
- 1927 – Richard A. Long, American historian and author (d. 2013)
- 1928 – Frank Frazetta, American painter and illustrator (d. 2010)
- 1928 – Rinus Michels, Dutch footballer and coach (d. 2005)
- 1928 – Roger Mudd, American journalist
- 1929 – A. R. Antulay, Indian social worker and politician, 8th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 2014)
- 1929 – Clement Meadmore, Australian-American sculptor (d. 2005)
- 1930 – Garner Ted Armstrong, American evangelist and author (d. 2003)
- 1931 – Thomas Bernhard, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1989)
- 1931 – Josef Masopust, Czech footballer and coach (d. 2015)
- 1931 – Robert Morris, American sculptor and painter (d. 2018)
- 1932 – Tatsuro Hirooka, Japanese baseball player and manager
- 1932 – Gerhard Richter, German painter and photographer
- 1935 – Lionel Fanthorpe, English-Welsh priest, journalist, and author
- 1936 – Clive Swift, English actor and singer-songwriter (d. 2019)
- 1937 – Clete Boyer, American baseball player and manager (d. 2007)
- 1938 – Ron Logan, Disney theatrical producer and professor
- 1939 – Mahala Andrews, British vertebrae palaeontologist (d. 1997)
- 1939 – Barry Mann, American pianist, songwriter, and producer
- 1939 – Janet Suzman, South African-British actress and director
- 1940 – Brian Bennett, English drummer and songwriter
- 1940 – J. M. Coetzee, South African-Australian novelist, essayist, and linguist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1941 – Kermit Gosnell, American abortionist and serial killer
- 1941 – Sheila Kuehl, American actress, lawyer, gay rights activist, and politician
- 1942 – Carole King, American singer-songwriter and pianist
- 1943 – Barbara Lewis, American soul/R&B singer-songwriter
- 1943 – Joe Pesci, American actor
- 1943 – Joseph Stiglitz, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1944 – Derryn Hinch, New Zealand-Australian radio and television host and politician
- 1944 – Alice Walker, American novelist, short story writer, and poet
- 1945 – Mia Farrow, American actress, activist, and former fashion model
- 1945 – Yoshinori Ohsumi, Japanese cell biologist, 2016 Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology or Medicine
- 1945 – Carol Wood, American mathematician and academic
- 1946 – Bob Eastwood, American golfer
- 1946 – Vince Papale, American football player and sportscaster
- 1946 – Jim Webb, American captain and politician, 18th United States Secretary of the Navy
- 1947 – Carla Del Ponte, Swiss lawyer and diplomat
- 1947 – Joe Ely, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1947 – Major Harris, American R&B singer (d. 2012)
- 1947 – Alexis Smirnoff, Canadian-American wrestler and actor (d. 2019)
- 1948 – Guy Standing, English economist and academic
- 1949 – Bernard Gallacher, Scottish golfer and journalist
- 1949 – Judith Light, American actress
- 1950 – Richard F. Colburn, American sergeant and politician
- 1951 – David Pomeranz, American singer, musician, and composer
- 1952 – Danny White, American football player and sportscaster
- 1953 – Ciarán Hinds, Irish actor
- 1953 – Ezechiele Ramin, Italian missionary, priest, and martyr (d. 1985)
- 1953 – Gabriel Rotello, American journalist and author, founded OutWeek
- 1954 – Jo Duffy, American author
- 1954 – Chris Gardner, American businessman and philanthropist
- 1954 – Kevin Warwick, English cybernetics scientist
- 1955 – Jerry Beck, American historian and author
- 1955 – Jimmy Pursey, English singer-songwriter and producer
- 1955 – Charles Shaughnessy, English actor
- 1956 – Mookie Wilson, American baseball player and coach
- 1957 – Terry McAuliffe, American businessman and politician, 72nd Governor of Virginia
- 1957 – Gordon Strachan, Scottish footballer and manager
- 1958 – Sandy Lyle, Scottish golfer
- 1958 – Chris Nilan, American ice hockey player, coach, and radio host
- 1960 – Holly Johnson, English singer-songwriter and bass player
- 1960 – David Simon, American journalist, author, screenwriter, and television producer
- 1960 – Peggy Whitson, American biochemist and astronaut
- 1961 – John Kruk, American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1962 – Anik Bissonnette, Canadian ballerina
- 1963 – Brian Greene, American physicist
- 1963 – Peter Rowsthorn, Australian comedian and actor
- 1963 – Travis Tritt, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
- 1964 – Debrah Miceli, Italian-American wrestler and manager
- 1964 – Dewi Morris, English rugby player
- 1964 – Ernesto Valverde, Spanish footballer and manager
- 1964 – Alejandro Ávila, Mexican telenovela actor
- 1964 – Ernesto Valverde, Spanish footballer and manager
- 1965 – Dieter Baumann, German runner
- 1966 – Harald Eia, Norwegian comedian, actor, and screenwriter
- 1967 – Todd Pratt, American baseball player and coach
- 1967 – Dan Shulman, Canadian sportscaster
- 1967 – Gaston Browne, Antiguan and Barbudan Prime Minister
- 1968 – Alejandra Guzmán, Mexican singer-songwriter and actress
- 1968 – Derek Strong, American basketball player and race car driver
- 1968 – Gloria Trevi, Mexican singer and actress
- 1969 – Jimmy Smith, American football player
- 1970 – Glenn McGrath, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
- 1971 – Matt Gogel, American golfer
- 1971 – Johan Mjällby, Swedish footballer and manager
- 1972 – Darren Ferguson, Scottish footballer and manager
- 1973 – Svetlana Boginskaya, Belarusian gymnast
- 1973 – Colin Egglesfield, American actor
- 1973 – Makoto Shinkai, Japanese animator, director, and screenwriter
- 1974 – Jordi Cruyff, Dutch footballer and manager
- 1974 – Brad Maynard, American football player
- 1974 – Amber Valletta, American model
- 1974 – John Wallace, American basketball player and coach
- 1975 – Kurt Asle Arvesen, Norwegian cyclist and coach
- 1975 – Clinton Grybas, Australian journalist and sportscaster (d. 2008)
- 1975 – Vladimir Guerrero, Dominican-American baseball player
- 1976 – Charlie Day, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1978 – A. J. Buckley, Irish-Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1979 – Akinori Iwamura, Japanese baseball player
- 1979 – Irina Slutskaya, Russian figure skater
- 1980 – Angelos Charisteas, Greek footballer
- 1980 – Margarita Levieva, Russian-American actress
- 1980 – Manu Raju, American journalist
- 1981 – Tom Hiddleston, English actor, producer, and musical performer
- 1981 – Daisuke Sekimoto, Japanese wrestler
- 1982 – Domingo Cisma, Spanish footballer
- 1982 – Jameer Nelson, American basketball player
- 1982 – Ami Suzuki, Japanese singer-songwriter and actress
- 1982 – Chris Weale, English footballer and manager
- 1983 – Mikel Arruabarrena, Spanish footballer
- 1984 – Maurice Ager, American basketball player, singer, and producer
- 1984 – Shōhōzan Yūya, Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1985 – David Gallagher, American actor
- 1987 – Sam Coulson, English guitarist
- 1987 – Michael B. Jordan, American actor
- 1987 – Davide Lanzafame, Italian footballer
- 1987 – Magdalena Neuner, German biathlete
- 1988 – Lotte Friis, Danish swimmer
- 1989 – Maxime Dufour-Lapointe, Canadian skier
- 1990 – Tariq Sims, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
- 1991 – Logan Ryan, American football player
- 1992 – Kyle Feldt, Australian rugby league player
- 1992 – Mitchell Frei, Australian rugby league player
- 1992 – Avan Jogia, Canadian actor
- 1993 – Niclas Füllkrug, German footballer
- 1995 – André Burakovsky, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1995 – Mario Pašalić, Croatian footballer
- 1997 – Saquon Barkley, American football player
Deaths on February 9
- 966 – Ono no Michikaze, Japanese calligrapher (b. 894)
- 967 – Sayf al-Dawla, emir of Aleppo (b. 916)
- 978 – Luitgarde, duchess consort of Normandy
- 1011 – Bernard I, Duke of Saxony
- 1014 – Yang Yanzhao, Chinese general
- 1135 – Tai Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1075)
- 1199 – Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shōgun (b. 1147)
- 1251 – Matthias II, duke of Lorraine
- 1407 – William I, margrave of Meissen (b. 1343)
- 1450 – Agnès Sorel, French mistress of Charles VII of France (b. 1421)
- 1555 – John Hooper, English bishop and martyr (b. 1495)
- 1555 – Rowland Taylor, English priest and martyr (b. 1510)
- 1588 – Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral (b. 1526)
- 1600 – John Frederick, Duke of Pomerania (b. 1542)
- 1619 – Lucilio Vanini, Italian physician and philosopher (b. 1585)
- 1640 – Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1612)
- 1670 – Frederick III of Denmark (b. 1609)
- 1675 – Gerrit Dou, Dutch painter (b. 1613)
- 1709 – François Louis, Prince of Conti (b. 1664)
- 1777 – Seth Pomeroy, American general and gunsmith (b. 1706)
- 1803 – Jean François de Saint-Lambert, French soldier, poet, and philosopher (b. 1716)
- 1857 – Dionysios Solomos, Greek poet and translator (b. 1798)
- 1874 – Jules Michelet, French historian, philosopher, and academic (b. 1798)
- 1881 – Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, and philosopher (b. 1821)
- 1891 – Johan Jongkind, Dutch painter (b. 1819)
- 1903 – Charles Gavan Duffy, Irish-Australian politician, 8th Premier of Victoria (b. 1816)
- 1906 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American author, poet, and playwright (b. 1872)
- 1928 – William Gillies, Australian politician, 21st Premier of Queensland (b. 1868)
- 1930 – Richard With, Norwegian captain and businessman, founded Hurtigruten (b. 1846)
- 1932 – Junnosuke Inoue, Japanese businessman and banker (b. 1869)
- 1932 – A.K. Golam Jilani, Bangladeshi soldier and activist (b. 1904)
- 1945 – Ella D. Barrier, American educator (b. 1852)
- 1950 – Ted Theodore, Australian politician, 20th Premier of Queensland (b. 1884)
- 1951 – Eddy Duchin, American pianist, bandleader, and actor (b. 1910)
- 1957 – Miklós Horthy, Hungarian admiral and politician, Regent of Hungary (b. 1868)
- 1960 – Alexandre Benois, Russian painter and critic (b. 1870)
- 1960 – Ernő Dohnányi, Hungarian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1877)
- 1965 – Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah, Bangladeshi theologian and educator (b. 1874)
- 1966 – Sophie Tucker, Russian-born American singer (b. 1884)
- 1969 – George “Gabby” Hayes, American actor and singer (b. 1885)
- 1976 – Percy Faith, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1908)
- 1977 – Sergey Ilyushin, Russian engineer and businessman, founded the Ilyushin Design Company (b. 1894)
- 1978 – Costante Girardengo, Italian cyclist and coach (b. 1893)
- 1979 – Allen Tate, American poet and academic (b. 1899)
- 1980 – Tom Macdonald, Welsh journalist and author (b. 1900)
- 1981 – M. C. Chagla, Indian jurist and politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs (b. 1900)
- 1981 – Bill Haley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1925)
- 1984 – Yuri Andropov, Russian lawyer and politician (b. 1914)
- 1989 – Osamu Tezuka, Japanese illustrator, animator, and producer (b. 1928)
- 1994 – Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1934)
- 1995 – J. William Fulbright, American lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
- 1995 – David Wayne, American actor (b. 1914)
- 1998 – Maurice Schumann, French journalist and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1911)
- 2001 – Herbert A. Simon, American political scientist, economist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)
- 2002 – Isabelle Holland, Swiss-American author (b. 1920)
- 2002 – Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (b. 1930)
- 2003 – Masatoshi Gündüz Ikeda, Japanese-Turkish mathematician and academic (b. 1926)
- 2004 – Claude Ryan, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1925)
- 2005 – Robert Kearns, American engineer, invented the windscreen wiper (b. 1927)
- 2006 – Freddie Laker, English pilot and businessman, founded Laker Airways (b. 1922)
- 2007 – Hank Bauer, American baseball player and manager (b. 1922)
- 2007 – Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (b. 1934)
- 2008 – Christopher Hyatt, American occultist and author (b. 1943)
- 2008 – Jazeh Tabatabai, Iranian painter, poet, and sculptor (b. 1931)
- 2009 – Orlando “Cachaíto” López, Cuban bassist and composer (b. 1933)
- 2010 – Walter Frederick Morrison, American businessman, invented the Frisbee (b. 1920)
- 2011 – Miltiadis Evert, Greek lawyer and politician, 69th Mayor of Athens (b. 1939)
- 2012 – O. P. Dutta, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
- 2012 – John Hick, English philosopher and academic (b. 1922)
- 2012 – Joe Moretti, Scottish-South African guitarist and songwriter (b. 1938)
- 2013 – Richard Artschwager, American painter, illustrator, and sculptor (b. 1923)
- 2013 – Keiko Fukuda, Japanese-American martial artist and trainer (b. 1913)
- 2013 – Jimmy Smyth, Irish hurler (b. 1931)
- 2014 – Gabriel Axel, Danish actor, director, and producer (b. 1918)
- 2014 – Hal Herring, American football player and coach (b. 1924)
- 2014 – Logan Scott-Bowden, English general (b. 1920)
- 2015 – Liu Han, Chinese businessman and philanthropist (b. 1965)
- 2015 – Ed Sabol, American film producer, co-founded NFL Films (b. 1916)
- 2016 – Sushil Koirala, Nepalese politician, 37th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1939)
- 2016 – Zdravko Tolimir, Bosnian Serb military commander (b. 1948)
- 2017 – André Salvat, French Army colonel (b. 1920)
- 2018 – Reg E. Cathey, American actor of stage, film, and television (b. 1958)
- 2018 – Nebojša Glogovac, Serbian actor (b. 1969)
- 2018 – Jóhann Jóhannsson, Icelandic composer (b. 1969)
- 2018 – John Gavin, American actor and United States ambassador to Mexico (b. 1931)
- 2020 – Sergiy Vilkomir, Ukrainian-born computer scientist (b. 1956)
Holidays and observances on February 9
- Christian feast day:
- Alto of Altomünster
- Blessed Anne Catherine Emmerich
- Ansbert of Rouen
- Apollonia
- Bracchio
- Blessed Leopold of Alpandeire
- Maron (Maronite Church)
- Miguel Febres Cordero
- Nebridius
- Sabinus of Canosa
- Teilo (Wales)
- February 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Earliest day on which Clean Monday can fall, while March 15 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of Great Lent. (Eastern Christianity)
- Earliest day on which People’s Sunday can fall, while March 15 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday of Lent. (Malta)
- St. Maroun’s Day (public holiday in Lebanon)
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February 8 in History
- 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
- 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir.
- 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al Mansurah.
- 1347 – The Byzantine civil war of 1341–47 ends with a power-sharing agreement between John VI Kantakouzenos and John V Palaiologos.
- 1575 – Leiden University is founded, and given the motto Praesidium Libertatis.
- 1587 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is executed on suspicion of having been involved in the Babington Plot to murder her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I.
- 1590 – Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva is tortured by the Inquisition in Mexico, charged with concealing the practice Judaism of his sister and her children.
- 1601 – Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, rebels against Queen Elizabeth I and the revolt is quickly crushed.
- 1693 – The College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia, is granted a charter by King William III and Queen Mary II.
- 1807 – After two days of bitter fighting, the Russians under Bennigsen and the Prussians under L’Estocq concede the Battle of Eylau to Napoleon.
- 1817 – Las Heras crosses the Andes with an army to join San Martín and liberate Chile from Spain.
- 1837 – Richard Johnson becomes the first Vice President of the United States chosen by the United States Senate.
- 1865 – Delaware refuses to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Slavery was outlawed in the United States, including Delaware, when the Amendment was ratified by the requisite number of states on December 6, 1865. Delaware ratified the Thirteenth Amendment on February 12, 1901, which was the ninety-second anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln.
- 1879 – Sandford Fleming first proposes adoption of Universal Standard Time at a meeting of the Royal Canadian Institute.
- 1879 – The England cricket team led by Lord Harris is attacked in a riot during a match in Sydney.
- 1885 – The first government-approved Japanese immigrants arrived in Hawaii.
- 1887 – The Dawes Act authorizes the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into individual allotments.
- 1904 – Battle of Port Arthur: A surprise torpedo attack by the Japanese at Port Arthur, China starts the Russo-Japanese War.
- 1904 – Aceh War: Dutch Colonial Army’s Marechaussee regiment led by General G.C.E. van Daalen launch military campaign to capture Gayo Highland, Alas Highland, and Batak Highland in Dutch East Indies’ Northern Sumatra region, which ends with genocide to Acehnese and Bataks people.
- 1910 – The Boy Scouts of America is incorporated by William D. Boyce.
- 1915 – D. W. Griffith’s controversial film The Birth of a Nation premieres in Los Angeles.
- 1922 – United States President Warren G. Harding introduces the first radio set in the White House.
- 1924 – Capital punishment: The first state execution in the United States by gas chamber takes place in Nevada.
- 1942 – World War II: Japan invades Singapore.
- 1942 – World War II: Dutch Colonial Army General Destruction Unit (AVC, Algemene Vernielings Corps) burns Banjarmasin, South Borneo to avoid Japanese capture.
- 1945 – World War II: The United Kingdom and Canada commence Operation Veritable to occupy the west bank of the Rhine.
- 1945 – World War II: Mikhail Devyataev escapes with nine other Soviet inmates from a Nazi concentration camp in Peenemünde on the island of Usedom by hijacking the camp commandant’s Heinkel He 111.
- 1946 – The first portion of the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, the first serious challenge to the popularity of the Authorized King James Version, is published.
- 1946 – The People’s Republic of Korea is dissolved in the North, establishing the communist-controlled Provisional People’s Committee of North Korea.
- 1950 – Cold War: The Stasi, the secret police of East Germany, is established.
- 1955 – The Government of Sindh, Pakistan, abolishes the Jagirdari system in the province. One million acres (4000 km2) of land thus acquired is to be distributed among the landless peasants.
- 1960 – Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom issues an Order-in-Council, stating that she and her family would be known as the House of Windsor, and that her descendants will take the name Mountbatten-Windsor.
- 1962 – Charonne massacre. Nine trade unionists are killed by French police at the instigation of Nazi collaborator Maurice Papon, then chief of the Paris Prefecture of Police.
- 1963 – Travel, financial and commercial transactions by United States citizens to Cuba are made illegal by the John F. Kennedy administration.
- 1963 – The regime of Prime Minister of Iraq, Brigadier General Abd al-Karim Qasim is overthrown by the Ba’ath Party.
- 1965 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 663 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean and explodes, killing everyone aboard.
- 1968 – American civil rights movement: The Orangeburg massacre: An attack on black students from South Carolina State University who are protesting racial segregation at the town’s only bowling alley, leaves three or four dead in Orangeburg, South Carolina.
- 1971 – The NASDAQ stock market index opens for the first time.
- 1971 – South Vietnamese ground troops launch an incursion into Laos to try to cut off the Ho Chi Minh trail and stop communist infiltration.
- 1974 – After 84 days in space, the crew of Skylab 4, the last crew to visit American space station Skylab, returns to Earth.
- 1978 – Proceedings of the United States Senate are broadcast on radio for the first time.
- 1981 – Twenty-one association football spectators are trampled to death at Karaiskakis Stadium in Neo Faliro, Greece, after a football match between Olympiacos F.C. and AEK Athens F.C.
- 1983 – The Melbourne dust storm hits Australia’s second largest city. The result of the worst drought on record and a day of severe weather conditions, a 320 metres (1,050 ft) deep dust cloud envelops the city, turning day to night.
- 1986 – Hinton train collision: Twenty-three people are killed when a VIA Rail passenger train collides with a 118-car Canadian National freight train near the town of Hinton, Alberta, west of Edmonton. It is the worst rail accident in Canada until the Lac-Mégantic, Quebec derailment in 2013 which killed forty-seven people.
- 1989 – Independent Air Flight 1851 strikes Pico Alto mountain while on approach to Santa Maria Airport (Azores) killing all 144 passengers on board.
- 1993 – General Motors sues NBC after Dateline NBC allegedly rigs two crashes intended to demonstrate that some GM pickups can easily catch fire if hit in certain places. NBC settles the lawsuit the next day.
- 1993 – An Iran Air Tours Tupolev Tu-154 and an Iranian Air Force Sukhoi Su-24 collide in mid-air near Qods, Iran, killing all 133 people on board both aircraft.
- 1996 – The U.S. Congress passes the Communications Decency Act.
- 2005 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil politician and former MP A. Chandranehru dies of injuries sustained in an ambush the previous day.
- 2010 – A freak storm in the Hindu Kush mountains of Afghanistan triggers a series of at least 36 avalanches, burying over two miles of road, killing at least 172 people and trapping over 2,000 travelers.
- 2013 – A blizzard disrupts transportation and leaves hundreds of thousands of people without electricity in the Northeastern United States and parts of Canada.
- 2014 – A hotel fire in Medina, Saudi Arabia kills 15 Egyptian pilgrims with 130 others injured.
Births on February 8
- 120 – Vettius Valens, Greek astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer (probable; d. 175)
- 412 – Proclus, Greek mathematician and philosopher (probable; d. 485)
- 882 – Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid, Egyptian commander and politician, Abbasid Governor of Egypt (d. 946)
- 1191 – Yaroslav II of Vladimir (d. 1246)
- 1291 – Afonso IV of Portugal (d. 1357)
- 1405 – Constantine XI Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1453)
- 1487 – Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1550)
- 1514 – Daniele Barbaro, Venetian churchman, diplomat and scholar (d. 1570)
- 1552 – Agrippa d’Aubigné, French poet and soldier (d. 1630)
- 1577 – Robert Burton, English priest, physician, and scholar (d. 1640)
- 1591 – Guercino, Italian painter (d. 1666)
- 1685 – Charles-Jean-François Hénault, French historian and author (d. 1770)
- 1700 – Daniel Bernoulli, Dutch-Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1782)
- 1720 – Emperor Sakuramachi of Japan (d. 1750)
- 1741 – André Grétry, Belgian-French organist and composer (d. 1813)
- 1762 – Gia Long, Vietnamese emperor (d. 1820)
- 1764 – Joseph Leopold Eybler, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1846)
- 1792 – Caroline Augusta of Bavaria (d. 1873)
- 1798 – Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia (d. 1849)
- 1807 – Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins, English sculptor and zoologist (d. 1889)
- 1817 – Richard S. Ewell, American general (d. 1872)
- 1819 – John Ruskin, English author, critic, and academic (d. 1900)
- 1820 – William Tecumseh Sherman, American general (d. 1891)
- 1822 – Maxime Du Camp, French photographer and journalist (d. 1894)
- 1825 – Henry Walter Bates, English geographer, biologist, and explorer (d. 1892)
- 1828 – Jules Verne, French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1905)
- 1829 – Vital-Justin Grandin, French-Canadian bishop and missionary (d. 1902)
- 1830 – Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1876)
- 1834 – Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist and academic (d. 1907)
- 1850 – Kate Chopin, American author (d. 1904)
- 1860 – Adella Brown Bailey, American politician and suffragist (d. 1937)
- 1866 – Moses Gomberg, Ukrainian-American chemist and academic (d. 1947)
- 1876 – Paula Modersohn-Becker, German painter (d. 1907)
- 1878 – Martin Buber, Austrian-Israeli philosopher and academic (d. 1965)
- 1880 – Franz Marc, German soldier and painter (d. 1916)
- 1880 – Viktor Schwanneke, German actor and director (d. 1931)
- 1882 – Thomas Selfridge, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1908)
- 1883 – Joseph Schumpeter, Czech-American economist and political scientist (d. 1950)
- 1884 – Snowy Baker, Australian boxer, rugby player, and actor (d. 1953)
- 1886 – Charlie Ruggles, American actor (d. 1970)
- 1888 – Edith Evans, English actress (d. 1976)
- 1888 – Giuseppe Ungaretti, Egyptian-Italian soldier, journalist, and poet (d. 1970)
- 1890 – Claro M. Recto, Filipino lawyer, jurist, and politician (d. 1960)
- 1893 – Ba Maw, Burmese lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Burma (d. 1977)
- 1894 – King Vidor, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1982)
- 1897 – Zakir Hussain, Indian academic and politician, 3rd president of India (d. 1969)
- 1899 – Lonnie Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1970)
- 1903 – Greta Keller, Austrian-American singer and actress (d. 1977)
- 1903 – Tunku Abdul Rahman, 1st Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1990)
- 1906 – Chester Carlson, American physicist and lawyer, invented Xerography (d. 1968)
- 1909 – Elisabeth Murdoch, Australian philanthropist (d. 2012)
- 1911 – Elizabeth Bishop, American poet and author (d. 1979)
- 1913 – Betty Field, American actress (d. 1973)
- 1913 – Danai Stratigopoulou, Greek singer-songwriter (d. 2009)
- 1914 – Bill Finger, American author and screenwriter, co-created Batman (d. 1974)
- 1915 – Georges Guétary, Egyptian-French singer, dancer, and actor (d. 1997)
- 1918 – Freddie Blassie, American wrestler and manager (d. 2003)
- 1921 – Barney Danson, Canadian colonel and politician, 21st Canadian Minister of National Defence (d. 2011)
- 1921 – Nexhmije Hoxha, Albanian politician (d. 2020)
- 1921 – Lana Turner, American actress (d. 1995)
- 1922 – Audrey Meadows, American actress and banker (d. 1996)
- 1925 – Jack Lemmon, American actor (d. 2001)
- 1926 – Neal Cassady, American author and poet (d. 1968)
- 1926 – Birgitte Reimer, Danish film actress
- 1930 – Alejandro Rey, Argentinian-American actor and director (d. 1987)
- 1931 – James Dean, American actor (d. 1955)
- 1932 – Cliff Allison, English racing driver and businessman (d. 2005)
- 1932 – John Williams, American pianist, composer, and conductor
- 1933 – Elly Ameling, Dutch soprano
- 1937 – Joe Raposo, American pianist and composer (d. 1989)
- 1937 – Harry Wu, Chinese human rights activist (d. 2016)
- 1939 – Jose Maria Sison, Filipino activist and theorist
- 1940 – Sophie Lihau-Kanza, Congolese politician (d. 1999)
- 1940 – Ted Koppel, English-American journalist
- 1941 – Nick Nolte, American actor and producer
- 1941 – Tom Rush, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1941 – Jagjit Singh, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 2011)
- 1942 – Robert Klein, American comedian, actor, and singer
- 1942 – Terry Melcher, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2004)
- 1944 – Roger Lloyd-Pack, English actor (d. 2014)
- 1944 – Sebastião Salgado, Brazilian photographer and journalist
- 1947 – J. Richard Gott, American astronomer and academic
- 1948 – Dan Seals, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2009)
- 1949 – Brooke Adams, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
- 1949 – Niels Arestrup, French actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1952 – Marinho Chagas, Brazilian footballer and coach (d. 2014)
- 1953 – Mary Steenburgen, American actress
- 1954 – Joe Maddon, American baseball coach and manager
- 1955 – John Grisham, American lawyer and author
- 1955 – Jim Neidhart, American wrestler (d. 2018)
- 1956 – Marques Johnson, American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1957 – Karine Chemla, French historian of mathematics and sinologist
- 1958 – Sherri Martel, American wrestler and manager (d. 2007)
- 1958 – Marina Silva, Brazilian environmentalist and politician
- 1959 – Heinz Gunthardt, Swiss tennis player
- 1959 – Andrew Hoy, Australian equestrian rider
- 1959 – Mauricio Macri, Argentinian businessman and politician, President of Argentina
- 1960 – Benigno Aquino III, Filipino politician, 15th President of the Philippines
- 1960 – Dino Ciccarelli, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1961 – Vince Neil, American singer-songwriter and actor
- 1963 – Mohammad Azharuddin, Indian cricketer and politician
- 1964 – Arlie Petters, Belizean-American mathematical physicist and academic
- 1964 – Santosh Sivan, Indian director, cinematographer, producer, and actor
- 1964 – Trinny Woodall, English fashion designer and author
- 1966 – Kirk Muller, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1966 – Hristo Stoichkov, Bulgarian footballer and manager
- 1968 – Gary Coleman, American actor (d. 2010)
- 1969 – Pauly Fuemana, New Zealand-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
- 1969 – Mary Robinette Kowal, American puppeteer and author
- 1969 – Mary McCormack, American actress and producer
- 1970 – Stephanie Courtney, American actress and comedian
- 1970 – John Filan, Australian footballer and coach
- 1970 – Alonzo Mourning, American basketball player and executive
- 1971 – Aidy Boothroyd, English footballer and manager
- 1971 – Mika Karppinen, Swedish-Finnish drummer and songwriter
- 1972 – Big Show, American wrestler and actor
- 1974 – Seth Green, American actor, voice artist, comedian, producer, writer, and director
- 1976 – Khaled Mashud, Bangladeshi cricketer
- 1976 – Nicolas Vouilloz, French rally driver and mountain biker
- 1977 – Roman Kostomarov, Russian ice dancer
- 1978 – Mick de Brenni, Australian politician
- 1979 – Aaron Cook, American baseball player
- 1980 – William Jackson Harper, American actor
- 1981 – Steve Gohouri, Ivorian footballer (d. 2015)
- 1981 – Myriam Montemayor Cruz, Mexican singer
- 1983 – Jermaine Anderson, Canadian basketball player
- 1983 – Cory Jane, New Zealand rugby player
- 1983 – Jim Verraros, American singer and actor
- 1984 – Manuel Osborne-Paradis, Canadian skier
- 1984 – Cecily Strong, American actress
- 1984 – Panagiotis Vasilopoulos, Greek basketball player
- 1985 – Petra Cetkovská, Czech tennis player
- 1985 – Jeremy Davis, American bass player and songwriter
- 1987 – Javi García, Spanish footballer
- 1987 – Carolina Kostner, Italian figure skater
- 1988 – Keegan Meth, Zimbabwean cricketer
- 1989 – Zac Guildford, New Zealand rugby player
- 1989 – Julio Jones, American football player
- 1989 – Courtney Vandersloot, American basketball player
- 1990 – Emily Scarratt, English rugby union player
- 1990 – Klay Thompson, American professional basketball player
- 1991 – Aristidis Soiledis, Greek footballer
- 1991 – Roberto Soriano, Italian footballer
- 1991 – Nam Woo-hyun, South Korean singer and actor with the boy band Infinite.
- 1992 – Bruno Martins Indi, Portuguese-Dutch footballer
- 1992 – Carl Jenkinson, English-Finnish footballer
- 1994 – Hakan Çalhanoğlu, Turkish footballer
- 1994 – Nikki Yanofsky, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1995 – Joshua Kimmich, German footballer
- 1996 – Kenedy, Brazilian footballer
Deaths on February 8
- 538 – Severus of Antioch, patriarch of Antioch
- 1135 – Elvira of Castile, Queen of Sicily (b.c. 1100)
- 1204 – Alexios IV Angelos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1182)
- 1229 – Ali ibn Hanzala, sixth Dāʿī al-Muṭlaq of Tayyibi Isma’ilism
- 1250 – Robert I, Count of Artois (b. 1216)
- 1250 – William II Longespée, English martyr (b. 1212)
- 1265 – Hulagu Khan, Mongol ruler (b. 1217)
- 1285 – Theodoric of Landsberg (b. 1242)
- 1296 – Przemysł II of Poland (b. 1257)
- 1314 – Helen of Anjou, queen of Serbia (b. 1236)
- 1382 – Blanche of France, Duchess of Orléans (b. 1328)
- 1537 – Saint Gerolamo Emiliani, Italian humanitarian (b. 1481)
- 1587 – Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1542)
- 1599 – Robert Rollock, Scottish theologian and academic (b. 1555)
- 1623 – Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Northamptonshire (b. 1546)
- 1676 – Alexis of Russia (b. 1629)
- 1696 – Ivan V of Russia (b. 1666)
- 1709 – Giuseppe Torelli, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1658)
- 1725 – Peter the Great, Russian emperor (b. 1672)
- 1749 – Jan van Huysum, Dutch painter (b. 1682)
- 1750 – Aaron Hill, English playwright and poet (b. 1685)
- 1768 – George Dance the Elder, English architect, designed St Leonard’s and St Botolph’s Aldgate (b. 1695)
- 1772 – Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (b. 1719)
- 1849 – François Habeneck, French violinist and conductor (b. 1781)
- 1849 – France Prešeren, Slovenian poet and lawyer (b. 1800)
- 1856 – Agostino Bassi, Italian entomologist and academic (b. 1773)
- 1907 – Hendrik Willem Bakhuis Roozeboom, Dutch chemist and academic (b. 1854)
- 1910 – Hans Jæger, Norwegian philosopher and activist (b. 1854)
- 1914 – Dayrolles Eveleigh-de-Moleyns, 4th Baron Ventry, Irish hereditary peer (b. 1828)
- 1915 – François Langelier, Canadian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 10th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1838)
- 1921 – George Formby Sr, English actor and singer (b. 1876)
- 1921 – Peter Kropotkin, Russian zoologist, geographer, and philologist (b. 1842)
- 1928 – Theodor Curtius, German chemist (b. 1857)
- 1932 – Yordan Milanov, Bulgarian architect, designed the Sveti Sedmochislenitsi Church (b. 1867)
- 1935 – Eemil Nestor Setälä, Finnish linguist and politician, Finnish Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1864)
- 1936 – Charles Curtis, American lawyer and politician, 31st Vice President of the United States (b. 1860)
- 1945 – Italo Santelli, Italian fencer and coach (b. 1866)
- 1956 – Connie Mack, American baseball player and manager (b. 1862)
- 1957 – Walther Bothe, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
- 1957 – John von Neumann, Hungarian-American mathematician and physicist (b. 1903)
- 1959 – William J. Donovan, American head of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) (b. 1883)
- 1960 – J. L. Austin, English philosopher and academic (b. 1911)
- 1960 – Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect and engineer, designed the Red telephone box and Liverpool Cathedral (b. 1880)
- 1963 – George Dolenz, Italian-American actor (b. 1908)
- 1964 – Ernst Kretschmer, German psychiatrist and author (b. 1888)
- 1968 – Maurice Maillot, French actor (b. 1906)
- 1972 – Markos Vamvakaris, Greek singer-songwriter and bouzouki player (b. 1905)
- 1975 – Robert Robinson, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)
- 1977 – Eivind Groven, Norwegian composer and theorist (b. 1901)
- 1979 – Dennis Gabor, Hungarian-English physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)
- 1980 – Nikos Xilouris, Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1936)
- 1982 – John Hay Whitney, American financier and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (b. 1904)
- 1985 – William Lyons, English businessman, co-founded Swallow Sidecar Company (b. 1901)
- 1987 – Harriet E. MacGibbon, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1990 – Del Shannon, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1934)
- 1992 – Stanley Armour Dunham, American sergeant (b. 1918)
- 1992 – Denny Wright, British guitarist (b. 1924)
- 1994 – Raymond Scott, American pianist and composer (b. 1908)
- 1996 – Del Ennis, American baseball player (b. 1925)
- 1997 – Corey Scott, American motorcycle stunt rider (b. 1968)
- 1998 – Halldór Laxness, Icelandic author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
- 1998 – Enoch Powell, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Health (b. 1912)
- 1998 – Julian Simon, American economist and author (b. 1932)
- 1999 – Iris Murdoch, Irish-born British novelist and philosopher (b. 1919)
- 2000 – Sid Abel, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1918)
- 2000 – Derrick Thomas, American football player (b. 1967)
- 2001 – Ivo Caprino, Norwegian director and screenwriter (b. 1920)
- 2002 – Ong Teng Cheong, Singaporean architect and politician, 5th President of Singapore (b. 1936)
- 2004 – Julius Schwartz, American journalist and author (b. 1915)
- 2005 – A. Chandranehru, Sri Lankan sailor and politician (b. 1944)
- 2006 – Elton Dean, English saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1945)
- 2006 – Thierry Fortineau, French actor (b. 1953)
- 2006 – Akira Ifukube, Japanese composer (b. 1914)
- 2007 – Anna Nicole Smith, American model and actress (b. 1967)
- 2007 – Ian Stevenson, Canadian-American psychiatrist and academic (b. 1918)
- 2008 – Ruby Garrard Woodson, American educator and cultural historian (b. 1931)
- 2010 – John Murtha, American colonel and politician (b. 1932)
- 2011 – Tony Malinosky, American baseball player and soldier (b. 1909)
- 2012 – Wando, Brazilian singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
- 2012 – Gunther Plaut, German-Canadian rabbi and author (b. 1912)
- 2012 – Luis Alberto Spinetta, Argentinian singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
- 2013 – Giovanni Cheli, Italian cardinal (b. 1918)
- 2013 – James DePreist, American conductor and educator (b. 1936)
- 2013 – Maureen Dragone, American journalist and author (b. 1920)
- 2013 – Nevin Scrimshaw, American scientist (b. 1918)
- 2014 – Els Borst, Dutch physician and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1932)
- 2014 – Maicon Pereira de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer (b. 1988)
- 2014 – Nancy Holt, American sculptor and painter (b. 1938)
- 2015 – Rauni-Leena Luukanen-Kilde, Finnish physician and parapsychologist (b. 1939)
- 2016 – Amelia Bence, Argentine actress (b. 1914)
- 2016 – Nida Fazli, Indian poet and songwriter (b. 1938)
- 2016 – Margaret Forster, English historian, author, and critic (b. 1938)
- 2016 – Violette Verdy, French ballerina (b. 1933)
- 2017 – Peter Mansfield, English physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1933)
- 2017 – Rina Matsuno, Japanese idol singer (Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku) (b. 1998)
- 2017 – Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, English socialite, television presenter, model, and charity patron (b. 1971)
- 2017 – Alan Simpson, English scriptwriter (b. 1929)
Holidays and observances on February 8
- Christian feast day:
- Cuthmann of Steyning
- Elffled of Whitby
- Gerolamo Emiliani
- Josephine Bakhita
- Juventius of Pavia
- Meingold of Huy
- Stephen of Muret
- February 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Earliest day on which Feast of Orthodoxy can fall, while March 14 is the latest; celebrated 42 days before Easter. (Orthodoxy)
- Parinirvana Day (some Mahayana Buddhism traditions, most celebrate on February 15)
- Prešeren Day (Slovenia)
- Propose Day
-
February 7 in History
- 457 – Leo I the Thracian becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
- 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II.
- 1301 – Edward of Caernarvon (later king Edward II of England) becomes the first English Prince of Wales.
- 1313 – King Thihathu founds the Pinya Kingdom as the de jure successor state of the Pagan Kingdom
- 1497 – In Florence, Italy, supporters of Girolamo Savonarola burn cosmetics, art, and books, in a “Bonfire of the vanities”.
- 1783 – American Revolutionary War: French and Spanish forces lift the Great Siege of Gibraltar.
- 1795 – The 11th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified.
- 1807 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon finds Bennigsen’s Russian forces taking a stand at Eylau. After bitter fighting, the French take the town, but the Russians resume the battle the next day.
- 1812 – The strongest in a series of earthquakes strikes New Madrid, Missouri.
- 1813 – In the action of 7 February 1813 near the Îles de Los, the frigates Aréthuse and Amelia batter each other, but neither can gain the upper hand.
- 1819 – Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles leaves Singapore after just taking it over, leaving it in the hands of William Farquhar.
- 1842 – Battle of Debre Tabor: Ras Ali Alula, Regent of the Emperor of Ethiopia defeats warlord Wube Haile Maryam of Semien.
- 1854 – A law is approved to found the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Lectures started October 16, 1855.
- 1863 – HMS Orpheus sinks off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, killing 189.
- 1894 – The Cripple Creek miner’s strike, led by the Western Federation of Miners, begins in Cripple Creek, Colorado, United States.
- 1898 – Dreyfus affair: Émile Zola is brought to trial for libel for publishing J’Accuse…!.
- 1900 – Second Boer War: British troops fail in their third attempt to lift the Siege of Ladysmith.
- 1900 – A Chinese immigrant in San Francisco falls ill to bubonic plague in the first plague epidemic in the continental United States.
- 1904 – A fire begins in Baltimore, Maryland; it destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours.
- 1940 – The second full-length animated Walt Disney film, Pinocchio, premieres.
- 1943 – World War II: Imperial Japanese Navy forces complete the evacuation of Imperial Japanese Army troops from Guadalcanal during Operation Ke, ending Japanese attempts to retake the island from Allied forces in the Guadalcanal Campaign.
- 1944 – World War II: In Anzio, Italy, German forces launch a counteroffensive during the Allied Operation Shingle.
- 1951 – Korean War: More than 700 suspected communist sympathizers are massacred by South Korean forces.
- 1962 – The United States bans all Cuban imports and exports.
- 1974 – Grenada gains independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1979 – Pluto moves inside Neptune’s orbit for the first time since either was discovered.
- 1984 – Space Shuttle program: STS-41-B Mission: Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the first untethered space walk using the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU).
- 1986 – Twenty-eight years of one-family rule end in Haiti, when President Jean-Claude Duvalier flees the Caribbean nation.
- 1990 – Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party agrees to give up its monopoly on power.
- 1991 – Haiti’s first democratically elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, is sworn in.
- 1991 – The Troubles: The Provisional IRA launched a mortar attack on 10 Downing Street in London, the headquarters of the British government.
- 1992 – The Maastricht Treaty is signed, leading to the creation of the European Union.
- 1995 – Ramzi Yousef, the mastermind of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, is arrested in Islamabad, Pakistan.
- 1997 – NeXT merges with Apple Computer, starting the path to Mac OS X.
- 1999 – Crown Prince Abdullah becomes the King of Jordan on the death of his father, King Hussein.
- 2009 – Bushfires in Victoria leave 173 dead in the worst natural disaster in Australia’s history.
- 2012 – President Mohamed Nasheed of the Republic of Maldives resigns, after 23 days of anti-governmental protests calling for the release of Chief Judge unlawfully arrested by the military.
- 2013 – The U.S. state of Mississippi officially certifies the Thirteenth Amendment, becoming the last state to approve the abolition of slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment was formally ratified by Mississippi in 1995.
- 2014 – Scientists announce that the Happisburgh footprints in Norfolk, England, date back to more than 800,000 years ago, making them the oldest known hominid footprints outside Africa.
- 2016 – North Korea launches Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 into outer space violating multiple UN treaties and prompting condemnation from around the world.
Births on February 7
- 574 – Prince Shōtoku of Japan (d. 622)
- 1102 – Empress Matilda, Holy Roman Empress, and claimant to the English throne (probable; d. 1167)
- 1478 – Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of England (d. 1535)
- 1487 – Queen Dangyeong, Korean royal consort (d. 1557)
- 1500 – João de Castro, viceroy of Portuguese India (d. 1548)
- 1612 – Thomas Killigrew, English playwright and manager (d. 1683)
- 1622 – Vittoria della Rovere, Italian noble (d. 1694)
- 1693 – Empress Anna of Russia (d. 1740)
- 1722 – Azar Bigdeli, Iranian anthologist and poet (d. 1781)
- 1726 – Margaret Fownes-Luttrell, English painter (d. 1766)
- 1741 – Henry Fuseli, Swiss-English painter and academic (d. 1825)
- 1758 – Benedikt Schack, Czech tenor and composer (d. 1826)
- 1796 – Thomas Gregson, English-Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Premier of Tasmania (baptism date; d. 1874)
- 1802 – Louisa Jane Hall, American poet, essayist, and literary critic (d. 1892)
- 1804 – John Deere, American blacksmith and businessman, founded Deere & Company (d. 1886)
- 1812 – Charles Dickens, English novelist and critic (d. 1870)
- 1825 – Karl Möbius, German zoologist and ecologist (d. 1908)
- 1834 – Alfred-Philibert Aldrophe, French architect (d. 1895)
- 1837 – James Murray, Scottish lexicographer and philologist (d. 1915)
- 1864 – Arthur Collins, American baritone singer (d. 1933)
- 1867 – Laura Ingalls Wilder, American author (d. 1957)
- 1870 – Alfred Adler, Austrian-Scottish psychologist and therapist (d. 1937)
- 1871 – Wilhelm Stenhammar, Swedish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1927)
- 1873 – Thomas Andrews, Irish shipbuilder and businessman, designed the RMS Titanic (d. 1912)
- 1877 – G. H. Hardy, English mathematician and geneticist (d. 1947)
- 1878 – Ossip Gabrilowitsch, Russian-American pianist and conductor (d. 1936)
- 1885 – Sinclair Lewis, American novelist, short-story writer, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1951)
- 1885 – Hugo Sperrle, German field marshal (d. 1953)
- 1887 – Eubie Blake, American pianist and composer (d. 1983)
- 1889 – Harry Nyquist, Swedish-American engineer and theorist (d. 1976)
- 1893 – Joseph Algernon Pearce, Canadian astrophysicist and astronomer (d. 1988)
- 1893 – Nicanor Abelardo, Filipino pianist, composer and teacher (d. 1934)
- 1895 – Anita Stewart, American actress (d. 1961)
- 1901 – Arnold Nordmeyer, New Zealand minister and politician, 30th New Zealand Minister of Finance (d. 1989)
- 1904 – Ernest E. Debs, American politician, California State Assembly member, Los Angeles city councilman, and a member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors (d. 2002)
- 1905 – Paul Nizan, French philosopher and author (d. 1940)
- 1905 – Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1983)
- 1906 – Puyi, Chinese emperor (d. 1967)
- 1906 – Oleg Konstantinovich Antonov, Russian engineer, founded the Antonov Aircraft Company (d. 1984)
- 1908 – Buster Crabbe, American swimmer and actor (d. 1983)
- 1908 – Manmath Nath Gupta, Indian journalist and author (d. 2000)
- 1909 – Hélder Câmara, Brazilian archbishop (d. 1999)
- 1909 – Amedeo Guillet, Italian soldier (d. 2010)
- 1912 – Russell Drysdale, English-Australian painter (d. 1981)
- 1915 – Teoctist Arăpașu, Romanian patriarch (d. 2007)
- 1915 – Eddie Bracken, American actor and singer (d. 2002)
- 1916 – Frank Hyde, Australian rugby player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2007)
- 1919 – Jock Mahoney, American actor and stuntman (d. 1989)
- 1919 – Desmond Doss, American army corporal and combat medic, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2006)
- 1920 – Oscar Brand, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and author (d. 2016)
- 1920 – An Wang, Chinese-American engineer and businessman, founded Wang Laboratories (d. 1990)
- 1921 – Athol Rowan, South African cricketer (d. 1998)
- 1922 – Hattie Jacques, English actress (d. 1980)
- 1923 – Dora Bryan, English actress and restaurateur (d. 2014)
- 1925 – Hans Schmidt, Canadian wrestler (d. 2012)
- 1926 – Konstantin Feoktistov, Russian engineer and astronaut (d. 2009)
- 1926 – Bill Hoest, American cartoonist (d. 1988)
- 1927 – Juliette Gréco, French singer and actress
- 1927 – Vladimir Kuts, Ukrainian-Russian runner and coach (d. 1975)
- 1927 – Lalo Ríos, Mexican actor (d. 1973)
- 1928 – Lincoln D. Faurer, American general (d. 2014)
- 1929 – Jim Langley, English international footballer, full back and manager (d. 2007)
- 1932 – Gay Talese, American journalist and memoirist
- 1932 – Alfred Worden, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2020)
- 1933 – K. N. Choksy, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, Sri Lankan Minister of Finance (d. 2015)
- 1934 – Eddie Fenech Adami, Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th President of Malta
- 1934 – King Curtis, American saxophonist and producer (d. 1971)
- 1934 – Earl King, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2003)
- 1935 – Cliff Jones, Welsh international footballer, winger
- 1935 – Herb Kohl, American businessman and politician
- 1935 – Jörg Schneider, Swiss actor and author (d. 2015)
- 1936 – Jas Gawronski, Italian journalist and politician
- 1937 – Peter Jay, English economist, journalist, and diplomat, British Ambassador to the United States
- 1937 – Juan Pizarro, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1940 – Tony Tan, Singaporean academic and politician, 7th President of Singapore
- 1941 – Kevin Crossley-Holland, English author and poet
- 1943 – Eric Foner, American historian, author, and academic
- 1943 – Gareth Hunt, English actor (d. 2007)
- 1945 – Gerald Davies, Welsh rugby player and journalist
- 1946 – Héctor Babenco, Argentinian-Brazilian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
- 1946 – Sammy Johns, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
- 1946 – Pete Postlethwaite, English actor (d. 2011)
- 1946 – Gérard Jean-Juste, Haitian priest and activist (d. 2009)
- 1949 – Jacques Duchesneau, Canadian police officer and politician
- 1949 – Joe English, American drummer and songwriter
- 1950 – Karen Joy Fowler, American author
- 1953 – Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player and poet (d. 1998)
- 1954 – Dieter Bohlen, German singer-songwriter and producer
- 1955 – Rolf Benirschke, American football player and game show host
- 1955 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor and director (d. 2017)
- 1956 – John Nielsen, Danish racing driver
- 1956 – Mark St. John, American guitarist (d. 2007)
- 1957 – Carney Lansford, American baseball player and coach
- 1958 – Giuseppe Baresi, Italian footballer and manager
- 1958 – Terry Marsh, English boxer and politician
- 1958 – Matt Ridley, English journalist, author, and politician
- 1959 – Mick McCarthy, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
- 1960 – Robert Smigel, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1960 – James Spader, American actor and producer
- 1962 – Garth Brooks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1962 – David Bryan, American keyboard player and songwriter
- 1962 – Eddie Izzard, English comedian, actor, and producer
- 1963 – Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper, American Naval officer and astronaut
- 1964 – Ashok Banker, Indian journalist, author, and screenwriter
- 1965 – Chris Rock, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1966 – Kristin Otto, German swimmer
- 1968 – Peter Bondra, Ukrainian-Slovak ice hockey player and manager
- 1968 – Sully Erna, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1968 – Mark Tewksbury, Canadian swimmer and sportscaster
- 1969 – Andrew Micallef, Maltese painter and musician
- 1971 – Anita Tsoy, Russian singer-songwriter
- 1972 – Robyn Lively, American actress
- 1973 – Juwan Howard, American basketball player and coach
- 1974 – J Dilla, American rapper and producer (d. 2006)
- 1974 – Nujabes, Japanese record producer, DJ, composer and arranger (d. 2010)
- 1974 – Steve Nash, South African-Canadian basketball player
- 1975 – Wes Borland, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1975 – Alexandre Daigle, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1975 – Rémi Gaillard, French comedian and actor
- 1976 – Chito Miranda, Filipino singer-songwriter
- 1977 – Tsuneyasu Miyamoto, Japanese footballer
- 1978 – David Aebischer, Swiss ice hockey player
- 1978 – Endy Chávez, Venezuelan baseball player
- 1978 – Ashton Kutcher, American model, actor, producer, and entrepreneur
- 1978 – Daniel Van Buyten, Belgian football player
- 1979 – Daniel Bierofka, German footballer and coach
- 1979 – Tawakkol Karman, Yemeni journalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1979 – Sam J. Miller, American author
- 1981 – Darcy Dolce Neto, Brazilian footballer
- 1981 – Lee Ok-sung, South Korean boxer
- 1982 – Osamu Mukai, Japanese actor
- 1982 – Mickaël Piétrus, French basketball player
- 1983 – Sho Kamogawa, Japanese footballer
- 1983 – Christian Klien, Austrian race car driver
- 1983 – Federico Marchetti, Italian footballer
- 1984 – Trey Hardee, American decathlete
- 1985 – Tina Majorino, American actress
- 1988 – Ai Kago, Japanese singer and actress
- 1989 – Nick Calathes, Greek basketball player
- 1989 – Elia Viviani, Italian cyclist
- 1989 – Isaiah Thomas, American basketball player
- 1990 – Gianluca Lapadula, Italian footballer
- 1990 – Dalilah Muhammad, American hurdler
- 1990 – Steven Stamkos, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1991 – Ryan O’Reilly, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1992 – Sergi Roberto, Spanish footballer
- 1992 – Ksenia Stolbova, Russian figure skater
- 1992 – Maimi Yajima, Japanese singer and actress
- 1993 – Chris Mears, English diver
- 1994 – Riley Barber, American ice hockey player
- 1995 – Roberto Osuna, Mexican baseball player
- 1996 – Pierre Gasly, French racing driver
- 1997 – Nicolò Barella, Italian footballer
Deaths on February 7
- 199 – Lü Bu, Chinese warlord
- 318 – Jin Mindi, emperor of the Jin Dynasty (b. 300)
- 999 – Boleslaus II the Pious, Duke of Bohemia (b. 932)
- 1045 – Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (b. 1009)
- 1065 – Siegfried I, Count of Sponheim (b. c. 1010)
- 1127 – Ava, German poet (b. 1060)
- 1165 – Marshal Stephen of Armenia
- 1259 – Thomas, Count of Flanders
- 1317 – Robert, Count of Clermont (b. 1256)
- 1320 – Jan Muskata, Bishop of Kraków (b. 1250)
- 1333 – Nikko, Japanese priest, founder of Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism (b. 1246)
- 1520 – Alfonsina de’ Medici, Regent of Florence (b. 1472)
- 1560 – Bartolommeo Bandinelli, Florentine sculptor (b. 1493)
- 1603 – Bartholomäus Sastrow, German politician (b. 1520)
- 1626 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1548)
- 1642 – William Bedell, English bishop and academic (b. 1571)
- 1693 – Paul Pellisson, French lawyer and author (b. 1624)
- 1736 – Stephen Gray, English astronomer and physicist (b. 1666)
- 1779 – William Boyce, English organist and composer (b. 1711)
- 1799 – Qianlong Emperor of China (b. 1711)
- 1801 – Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish-German painter and academic (b. 1726)
- 1819 – August Wilhelm Hupel, German-Estonian linguist and author (b. 1737)
- 1823 – Ann Radcliffe, English author (b. 1764)
- 1837 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (b. 1778)
- 1849 – Mariano Paredes, Mexican general and 16th president (1845-1846) (b. 1797)
- 1862 – Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1787)
- 1864 – Vuk Karadžić, Serbian philologist and linguist (b. 1787)
- 1871 – Henry E. Steinway, German-American businessman, founded Steinway & Sons (b. 1797)
- 1873 – Sheridan Le Fanu, Irish author (b. 1814)
- 1878 – Pope Pius IX (b. 1792)
- 1891 – Marie Louise Andrews, American story writer and journalist (b. 1849)
- 1897 – Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist and engineer (b. 1847)
- 1919 – William Halford, English-American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1841)
- 1920 – Alexander Kolchak, Russian admiral and explorer (b. 1874)
- 1920 – Charles Langelier, Canadian journalist, judge, and politician (b. 1850)
- 1921 – John J. Gardner, American politician (b. 1845)
- 1937 – Elihu Root, American lawyer and politician, 38th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
- 1938 – Harvey Samuel Firestone, American businessman, founded the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company (b. 1868)
- 1939 – Boris Grigoriev, Russian painter and illustrator (b. 1886)
- 1942 – Ivan Bilibin, Russian illustrator and stage designer (b. 1876)
- 1944 – Lina Cavalieri, Italian soprano and actress (b. 1874)
- 1959 – Nap Lajoie, American baseball player and manager (b. 1874)
- 1959 – Daniel François Malan, South African minister and politician, 5th Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1874)
- 1959 – Guitar Slim, American singer and guitarist (b. 1926)
- 1960 – Igor Kurchatov, Russian physicist and academic (b. 1903)
- 1963 – Learco Guerra, Italian cyclist and manager (b. 1902)
- 1964 – Sofoklis Venizelos, Greek captain and politician, 133rd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1894)
- 1968 – Nick Adams, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1931)
- 1972 – Walter Lang, American director and screenwriter (b. 1896)
- 1979 – Josef Mengele, German SS officer and physician (b. 1911)
- 1986 – Cheikh Anta Diop, Senegalese historian, anthropologist, and physicist (b. 1923)
- 1990 – Alan Perlis, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1922)
- 1990 – Alfredo M. Santos, Filipino general (b. 1905)
- 1991 – Amos Yarkoni, Israeli colonel (b. 1920)
- 1994 – Witold Lutosławski, Polish composer and conductor (b. 1913)
- 1996 – Phillip Davidson, American general (b. 1915)
- 1999 – King Hussein of Jordan (b. 1935)
- 1999 – Bobby Troup, American actor, pianist, and composer (b. 1918)
- 2000 – Doug Henning, Canadian magician and politician (b. 1947)
- 2001 – Dale Evans, American singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1912)
- 2001 – Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American author and pilot (b. 1906)
- 2003 – Augusto Monterroso, Guatemalan author (b. 1921)
- 2005 – Atli Dam, Faroese engineer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (b. 1932)
- 2006 – Princess Durru Shehvar of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1914)
- 2009 – Blossom Dearie, American singer and pianist (b. 1924)
- 2010 – Franco Ballerini, Italian cyclist and coach (b. 1964)
- 2012 – Harry Keough, American soccer player and coach (b. 1927)
- 2013 – Krsto Papić, Croatian director and screenwriter (b. 1933)
- 2014 – Doug Mohns, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1933)
- 2015 – Billy Casper, American golfer and architect (b. 1931)
- 2015 – Marshall Rosenberg, American psychologist and author (b. 1934)
- 2015 – Dean Smith, American basketball player and coach (b. 1931)
- 2015 – John C. Whitehead, American banker and politician, 9th United States Deputy Secretary of State (b. 1922)
- 2017 – Richard Hatch, American actor (b. 1945)
- 2017 – Hans Rosling, Swedish academic (b. 1948)
- 2017 – Tzvetan Todorov, Bulgarian philosopher (b. 1939)
- 2019 – John Dingell, American politician (b. 1926)
- 2019 – Albert Finney, English actor (b. 1936)
- 2019 – Jan Olszewski, Polish politician, 3rd Prime Minister (b. 1930)
- 2019 – Frank Robinson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1935)
Holidays and observances on February 7
- Christian feast day:
- Richard the Pilgrim
- Blessed Eugénie Smet
- Blessed Pope Pius IX
- Chrysolius
- Egidio Maria of Saint Joseph
- Colette of Corbie
- February 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- New Martyrs and Confessors of the Russian Orthodox Church Typically observed on the Sunday closest to January 25 (O.S.)/February 7 (N.S.)
- Independence Day (Grenada), celebrates the independence of Grenada from the United Kingdom in 1974.
- National Black HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
-
February 3 in History
- 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.
- 1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire.
- 1488 – Bartolomeu Dias of Portugal lands in Mossel Bay after rounding the Cape of Good Hope, becoming the first known European to travel so far south.
- 1509 – The Portuguese navy defeats a joint fleet of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Venice, the Sultan of Gujarat, the Mamlûk Burji Sultanate of Egypt, the Zamorin of Calicut, and the Republic of Ragusa at the Battle of Diu in Diu, India.
- 1661 – Maratha forces under Chattrapati Shivaji defeat the Mughals in the Battle of Umberkhind.
- 1690 – The colony of Massachusetts issues the first paper money in the Americas.
- 1706 – During the Battle of Fraustadt Swedish forces defeat a superior Saxon-Polish-Russian force by deploying a double envelopment.
- 1781 – American Revolutionary War: British forces seize the Dutch-owned Caribbean island Sint Eustatius.
- 1783 – Spain–United States relations are first established.
- 1787 – Militia led by General Benjamin Lincoln crush the remnants of Shays’ Rebellion in Petersham, Massachusetts.
- 1807 – A British military force, under Brigadier-General Sir Samuel Auchmuty captures the Spanish Empire city of Montevideo, now the capital of Uruguay.
- 1809 – The Territory of Illinois is created by the 10th United States Congress.
- 1813 – José de San Martín defeats a Spanish royalist army at the Battle of San Lorenzo, part of the Argentine War of Independence.
- 1830 – The London Protocol of 1830 establishes the full independence and sovereignty of Greece from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence.
- 1834 – Wake Forest University is established (as Wake Forest Institute) in North Carolina, United States.
- 1870 – The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.
- 1913 – The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.
- 1916 – The Centre Block of the Parliament buildings in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada burns down with the loss of 7 lives.
- 1917 – First World War: The American entry into World War I begins when diplomatic relations with Germany are severed due to its unrestricted submarine warfare.
- 1918 – The Twin Peaks Tunnel in San Francisco, California begins service as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world at 11,920 feet (3,633 meters) long.
- 1930 – Communist Party of Vietnam is founded at a “Unification Conference” held in Kowloon, British Hong Kong.
- 1931 – The Hawke’s Bay earthquake, New Zealand’s worst natural disaster, kills 258.
- 1933 – Adolf Hitler announces that the expansion of Lebensraum into Eastern Europe, and its ruthless Germanisation, are the ultimate geopolitical objectives of Third Reich foreign policy.
- 1943 – The SS Dorchester is sunk by a German U-boat. Only 230 of 902 men aboard survive.
- 1944 – World War II: During the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, U.S. Army and Marine forces seize Kwajalein Atoll from the defending Japanese garrison.
- 1945 – World War II: As part of Operation Thunderclap, 1,000 B-17s of the Eighth Air Force bomb Berlin, a raid which kills between 2,500 and 3,000 and dehouses another 120,000.
- 1945 – World War II: The United States and the Philippine Commonwealth begin a month-long battle to retake Manila from Japan.
- 1953 – The Batepá massacre occurred in São Tomé when the colonial administration and Portuguese landowners unleashed a wave of violence against the native creoles known as forros.
- 1958 – Founding of the Benelux Economic Union, creating a testing ground for a later European Economic Community.
- 1959 – Rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. “The Big Bopper” Richardson are killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa.
- 1960 – British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan speaks of “a wind of change”, signalling that his Government was likely to support decolonisation.
- 1961 – The United States Air Forces begins Operation Looking Glass, and over the next 30 years, a “Doomsday Plane” is always in the air, with the capability of taking direct control of the United States’ bombers and missiles in the event of the destruction of the SAC’s command post.
- 1966 – The Soviet Union’s Luna 9 becomes the first spacecraft to make a soft landing on the Moon, and the first spacecraft to take pictures from the surface of the Moon.
- 1971 – New York Police Officer Frank Serpico is shot during a drug bust in Brooklyn and survives to later testify against police corruption.
- 1972 – The first day of the seven-day 1972 Iran blizzard, which would kill at least 4,000 people, making it the deadliest snowstorm in history.
- 1984 – John Buster and the research team at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center announce history’s first embryo transfer, from one woman to another resulting in a live birth.
- 1984 – Space Shuttle program: STS-41-B is launched using Space Shuttle Challenger.
- 1989 – After a stroke two weeks previously, South African President P. W. Botha resigns as leader of the National Party, but stays on as president for six more months.
- 1989 – A military coup overthrows Alfredo Stroessner, dictator of Paraguay since 1954.
- 1994 – Space Shuttle program: STS-60 is launched, carrying Sergei Krikalev, the first Russian cosmonaut to fly aboard the Shuttle.
- 1995 – Astronaut Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to pilot the Space Shuttle as mission STS-63 gets underway from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
- 1998 – Cavalese cable car disaster: a United States military pilot causes the death of 20 people when his low-flying plane cuts the cable of a cable-car near Trento, Italy.
- 2007 – A Baghdad market bombing kills at least 135 people and injures a further 339.
- 2014 – Two people are shot and killed and 29 students are taken hostage at a high school in Moscow, Russia.
Births on February 3
- 1338 – Joanna of Bourbon (d. 1378)
- 1392 – Henry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland, English nobleman and military commander (d. 1455)
- 1428 – Helena Palaiologina, Queen of Cyprus (d. 1458)
- 1478 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham (d. 1521)
- 1504 – Scipione Rebiba, Italian cardinal (d. 1577)
- 1677 – Jan Santini Aichel, Czech architect, designed the Karlova Koruna Chateau (d. 1723)
- 1689 – Blas de Lezo, Spanish admiral (d. 1741)
- 1690 – Richard Rawlinson, English minister and historian (d. 1755)
- 1721 – Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz, Prussian general (d. 1773)
- 1736 – Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, Austrian composer and theorist (d. 1809)
- 1747 – Samuel Osgood, American soldier and politician, 1st United States Postmaster General (d. 1813)
- 1757 – Joseph Forlenze, Italian ophthalmologist and surgeon (d. 1833)
- 1763 – Caroline von Wolzogen, German author (d. 1847)
- 1777 – John Cheyne, Scottish physician and author (d. 1836)
- 1790 – Gideon Mantell, English scientist (d. 1852)
- 1795 – Antonio José de Sucre, Venezuelan general and politician, 2nd President of Bolivia (d. 1830)
- 1807 – Joseph E. Johnston, American general and politician (d. 1891)
- 1809 – Felix Mendelssohn, German pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1847)
- 1811 – Horace Greeley, American journalist and politician (d. 1872)
- 1816 – Ram Singh Kuka, Indian credited with starting the Non-cooperation movement
- 1817 – Achille Ernest Oscar Joseph Delesse, French geologist and mineralogist (d. 1881)
- 1817 – Émile Prudent, French pianist and composer (d. 1863)
- 1821 – Elizabeth Blackwell, American physician and educator (d. 1910)
- 1824 – Ranald MacDonald, American explorer and educator (d. 1894)
- 1826 – Walter Bagehot, English journalist and businessman (d. 1877)
- 1830 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1903)
- 1842 – Sidney Lanier, American composer and poet (d. 1881)
- 1843 – William Cornelius Van Horne, American-Canadian businessman (d. 1915)
- 1857 – Giuseppe Moretti, Italian sculptor, designed the Vulcan statue (d. 1935)
- 1859 – Hugo Junkers, German engineer, designed the Junkers J 1 (d. 1935)
- 1862 – James Clark McReynolds, American lawyer and judge (d. 1946)
- 1867 – Charles Henry Turner, American biologist, educator and zoologist (d. 1923)
- 1872 – Lou Criger, American baseball player and manager (d. 1934)
- 1874 – Gertrude Stein, American novelist, poet, playwright, (d. 1946)
- 1878 – Gordon Coates, New Zealand soldier and politician, 21st Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1943)
- 1887 – Georg Trakl, Austrian pharmacist and poet (d. 1914)
- 1889 – Artur Adson, Estonian poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1977)
- 1889 – Carl Theodor Dreyer, Danish director and screenwriter (d. 1968)
- 1892 – Juan Negrín, Spanish physician and politician, 67th Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1956)
- 1893 – Gaston Julia, Algerian-French mathematician and academic (d. 1978)
- 1894 – Norman Rockwell, American painter and illustrator (d. 1978)
- 1898 – Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect, designed the Finlandia Hall and Aalto Theatre (d. 1976)
- 1899 – Café Filho, Brazilian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 18th President of Brazil (d. 1970)
- 1900 – Mabel Mercer, English-American singer (d. 1984)
- 1903 – Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish soldier, pilot, and politician (d. 1973)
- 1904 – Pretty Boy Floyd, American gangster (d. 1934)
- 1905 – Paul Ariste, Estonian linguist and academic (d. 1990)
- 1905 – Arne Beurling, Swedish-American mathematician and academic (d. 1986)
- 1906 – George Adamson, Indian-English author and activist (d. 1989)
- 1907 – James A. Michener, American author and philanthropist (d. 1997)
- 1909 – André Cayatte, French lawyer and director (d. 1989)
- 1909 – Simone Weil, French mystic and philosopher (d. 1943)
- 1911 – Jehan Alain, French organist and composer (d. 1940)
- 1912 – Jacques Soustelle, French anthropologist and politician (d. 1990)
- 1914 – Mary Carlisle, American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2018)
- 1915 – Johannes Kotkas, Estonian wrestler and hammer thrower (d. 1998)
- 1917 – Shlomo Goren, Polish-Israeli rabbi and general (d. 1994)
- 1918 – Joey Bishop, American actor and producer (d. 2007)
- 1918 – Helen Stephens, American runner, baseball player, and manager (d. 1994)
- 1920 – Russell Arms, American actor and singer (d. 2012)
- 1920 – Tony Gaze, Australian race car driver and pilot (d. 2013)
- 1920 – Henry Heimlich, American physician and author (d. 2016)
- 1924 – E. P. Thompson, English historian and author (d. 1993)
- 1924 – Martial Asselin, Canadian lawyer and politician, 25th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 2013)
- 1925 – Shelley Berman, American actor and comedian (d. 2017)
- 1925 – John Fiedler, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1926 – Hans-Jochen Vogel, German soldier and politician, 8th Mayor of Berlin
- 1927 – Kenneth Anger, American actor, director, and screenwriter
- 1927 – Blas Ople, Filipino journalist and politician, 21st President of the Senate of the Philippines (d. 2003)
- 1933 – Paul Sarbanes, American lawyer and politician
- 1934 – Juan Carlos Calabró, Argentinian actor and screenwriter (d. 2013)
- 1935 – Johnny “Guitar” Watson, American blues, soul, and funk singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
- 1936 – Elizabeth Peer, American journalist (d. 1984)
- 1936 – Bob Simpson, Australian cricketer and coach
- 1937 – Billy Meier, Swiss author and photographer
- 1938 – Victor Buono, American actor (d. 1982)
- 1938 – Emile Griffith, American boxer and trainer (d. 2013)
- 1939 – Michael Cimino, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
- 1940 – Fran Tarkenton, American football player and sportscaster
- 1941 – Dory Funk, Jr., American wrestler and trainer
- 1941 – Howard Phillips, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
- 1943 – Blythe Danner, American actress
- 1943 – Dennis Edwards, American soul/R&B singer (d. 2018)
- 1943 – Eric Haydock, English bass player (d. 2019)
- 1943 – Shawn Phillips, American-South African singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1945 – Johnny Cymbal, Scottish-American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1993)
- 1945 – Bob Griese, American football player and sportscaster
- 1947 – Paul Auster, American novelist, essayist, and poet
- 1947 – Stephen McHattie, Canadian actor and director
- 1948 – Henning Mankell, Swedish author and playwright (d. 2015)
- 1949 – Jim Thorpe, American golfer
- 1950 – Morgan Fairchild, American actress
- 1950 – Grant Goldman, Australian radio and television host (d. 2020)
- 1951 – Eugenijus Riabovas, Lithuanian footballer and manager
- 1951 – Michael Ruppert, American journalist and author (d. 2014)
- 1952 – Fred Lynn, American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1954 – Tiger Williams, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1956 – John Jefferson, American football player and coach
- 1956 – Nathan Lane, American actor and comedian
- 1957 – Eric Lander, American mathematician, geneticist, and academic
- 1958 – Joe F. Edwards, Jr., American commander, pilot, and astronaut
- 1958 – Douglas Holtz-Eakin, American economist
- 1958 – Greg Mankiw, American economist and academic
- 1959 – Óscar Iván Zuluaga, Colombian economist and politician, 67th Colombian Minister of Finance
- 1960 – Tim Chandler, American bass player (d. 2018)
- 1960 – Marty Jannetty, American wrestler and trainer
- 1960 – Joachim Löw, German footballer and manager
- 1960 – Kerry Von Erich, American wrestler (d. 1993)
- 1961 – Linda Eder, American singer and actress
- 1963 – Raghuram Rajan, Indian economist and academic
- 1964 – Indrek Tarand, Estonian historian, journalist, and politician
- 1965 – Maura Tierney, American actress and producer
- 1966 – Frank Coraci, American director and screenwriter
- 1966 – Danny Morrison, New Zealand cricketer and sportscaster
- 1967 – Tim Flowers, English footballer and coach
- 1967 – Mixu Paatelainen, Finnish footballer and coach
- 1968 – Vlade Divac, Serbian-American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1968 – Marwan Khoury, Lebanese singer, songwriter, and composer
- 1969 – Beau Biden, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 44th Attorney General of Delaware (d. 2015)
- 1969 – Retief Goosen, South African golfer
- 1970 – Óscar Córdoba, Colombian footballer
- 1970 – Warwick Davis, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1971 – Hong Seok-cheon, South Korean actor
- 1972 – Jesper Kyd, Danish pianist and composer
- 1973 – Ilana Sod, Mexican journalist and producer
- 1976 – Isla Fisher, Omani-Australian actress
- 1977 – Daddy Yankee, American-Puerto Rican singer, songwriter, rapper, actor and record producer
- 1977 – Marek Židlický, Czech ice hockey player
- 1978 – Joan Capdevila, Spanish footballer
- 1979 – Paul Franks, English cricketer and coach
- 1982 – Becky Bayless, American wrestler
- 1982 – Marie-Ève Drolet, Canadian speed skater
- 1984 – Elizabeth Holmes, American fraudster, founder of Theranos
- 1985 – Angela Fong, Canadian wrestler and actress
- 1985 – Andrei Kostitsyn, Belarusian ice hockey player
- 1986 – Lucas Duda, American baseball player
- 1986 – Mathieu Giroux, Canadian speed skater
- 1986 – Kanako Yanagihara, Japanese actress
- 1988 – Cho Kyuhyun, South Korean singer
- 1989 – Slobodan Rajković, Serbian footballer
- 1990 – Sean Kingston, American-Jamaican singer-songwriter
- 1990 – Martin Taupau, New Zealand rugby league player
- 1991 – Corey Norman, Australian rugby league player
- 1992 – Olli Aitola, Finnish ice hockey player
Deaths on February 3
- AD 6 – Ping, emperor of the Han Dynasty (b. 9 BC)
- 456 – Sihyaj Chan K’awiil II, ruler of Tikal
- 639 – K’inich Yo’nal Ahk I, ruler of Piedras Negras
- 699 – Werburgh, English nun and saint
- 865 – Ansgar, Frankish archbishop (b. 801)
- 929 – Guy, margrave of Tuscany
- 938 – Zhou Ben, Chinese general (b. 862)
- 994 – William IV, duke of Aquitaine (b. 937)
- 1014 – Sweyn Forkbeard, king of Denmark and England (b. 960)
- 1116 – Coloman, king of Hungary
- 1161 – Inge I, king of Norway (b. 1135)
- 1252 – Sviatoslav III, Russian Grand Prince (b. 1196)
- 1399 – John of Gaunt, Belgian-English politician, Lord High Steward (b. 1340)
- 1428 – Ashikaga Yoshimochi, Japanese shōgun (b. 1386)
- 1451 – Murad II, Ottoman sultan (b. 1404)
- 1468 – Johannes Gutenberg, German publisher, invented the Printing press (b. 1398)
- 1537 – Thomas FitzGerald, 10th Earl of Kildare (b. 1513)
- 1566 – George Cassander, Flemish theologian and author (b. 1513)
- 1618 – Philip II, duke of Pomerania (b. 1573)
- 1619 – Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham, English politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1564)
- 1737 – Tommaso Ceva, Italian mathematician and academic (b. 1648)
- 1802 – Pedro Rodríguez, Spanish statesman and economist (b. 1723)
- 1813 – Juan Bautista Cabral, Argentinian sergeant (b. 1789)
- 1820 – Gia Long, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1762)
- 1832 – George Crabbe, English surgeon and poet (b. 1754)
- 1862 – Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician (b. 1774)
- 1866 – François-Xavier Garneau, Canadian poet, author, and historian (b. 1809)
- 1873 – Isaac Baker Brown, English gynecologist and surgeon (b. 1811)
- 1922 – John Butler Yeats, Irish painter and illustrator (b. 1839)
- 1924 – Woodrow Wilson, American historian, academic, and politician, 28th President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1856)
- 1929 – Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish mathematician and engineer (b. 1878)
- 1935 – Hugo Junkers, German engineer, designed the Junkers J 1 (b. 1859)
- 1944 – Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (b. 1865)
- 1945 – Roland Freisler, German lawyer and judge (b. 1893)
- 1947 – Marc Mitscher, American admiral and pilot (b. 1887)
- 1952 – Harold L. Ickes, American journalist and politician, 32nd United States Secretary of the Interior (b. 1874)
- 1955 – Vasily Blokhin, Russian general (b. 1895)
- 1956 – Émile Borel, French mathematician and academic (b. 1871)
- 1956 – Johnny Claes, English-Belgian race car driver and trumpet player (b. 1916)
- 1959 – The Day the Music Died
- The Big Bopper, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1930)
- Buddy Holly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1936)
- Ritchie Valens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1941)
- 1960 – Fred Buscaglione, Italian singer and actor (b. 1921)
- 1961 – William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil, Scottish-Australian captain and politician, 14th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1893)
- 1961 – Anna May Wong, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1963 – Benjamin R. Jacobs (b. 1879)
- 1967 – Joe Meek, English songwriter and producer (b. 1929)
- 1969 – C. N. Annadurai, Indian journalist and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Madras State (b. 1909)
- 1969 – Eduardo Mondlane, Mozambican activist and academic (b. 1920)
- 1975 – William D. Coolidge, American physicist and engineer (b. 1873)
- 1975 – Umm Kulthum, Egyptian singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1904)
- 1985 – Frank Oppenheimer, American physicist and academic (b. 1912)
- 1989 – John Cassavetes, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
- 1989 – Lionel Newman, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1916)
- 1991 – Nancy Kulp, American actress (b. 1921)
- 1993 – Françoys Bernier, Canadian pianist and conductor (b. 1927)
- 1996 – Audrey Meadows, American actress and banker (b. 1922)
- 1999 – Gwen Guthrie, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1950)
- 2005 – Zurab Zhvania, Georgian biologist and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Georgia (b. 1963)
- 2005 – Ernst Mayr, German-American biologist and ornithologist (b. 1904)
- 2006 – Al Lewis, American actor and activist (b. 1923)
- 2009 – Sheng-yen, Chinese monk and scholar, founded the Dharma Drum Mountain (b. 1930)
- 2010 – Dick McGuire, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
- 2010 – Frances Reid, American actress (b. 1914)
- 2011 – Maria Schneider, French actress (b. 1952)
- 2012 – Toh Chin Chye, Singaporean academic and politician, 1st Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore (b. 1921)
- 2012 – Ben Gazzara, American actor and director (b. 1930)
- 2012 – Terence Hildner, American general (b. 1962)
- 2012 – Raj Kanwar, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1961)
- 2012 – Zalman King, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1942)
- 2012 – Andrzej Szczeklik, Polish physician and academic (b. 1938)
- 2013 – Cardiss Collins, American politician (b. 1931)
- 2013 – Oscar Feltsman, Ukrainian-Russian composer and producer (b. 1921)
- 2013 – James Muri, American soldier and pilot (b. 1918)
- 2013 – Jam Mohammad Yousaf, Pakistani politician, Chief Minister of Balochistan (b. 1954)
- 2015 – Martin Gilbert, English historian, author, and academic (b. 1936)
- 2015 – Mary Healy, American actress and singer (b. 1918)
- 2015 – Charlie Sifford, American golfer (b. 1922)
- 2015 – Nasim Hasan Shah, Pakistani lawyer and judge, 12th Chief Justice of Pakistan (b. 1929)
- 2016 – Balram Jakhar, Indian lawyer and politician, 23rd Governor of Madhya Pradesh (b. 1923)
- 2016 – József Kasza, Serbian politician and economist (b. 1945)
- 2016 – Saulius Sondeckis, Lithuanian violinist and conductor (b. 1928)
- 2017 – Dritëro Agolli, Albanian poet, writer and politician (b. 1931)
- 2019 – Julie Adams, American actress (b. 1926)
- 2019 – Kristoff St. John, American actor (b. 1966)
- 2020 – George Steiner, French-American philosopher, author, and critic (b. 1929)
Holidays and observances on February 3
- Christian feast day:
- Aaron the Illustrious (Syriac Orthodox Church)
- Ansgar
- Berlinda of Meerbeke
- Blaise
- Celsa and Nona
- Claudine Thévenet
- Dom Justo Takayama (Philippines and Japan)
- Hadelin
- Margaret of England
- Werburgh
- February 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Day of the Virgin of Suyapa (Honduras)
- Earliest day on which Shrove Tuesday can fall, while March 9 is the latest; celebrated on Tuesday before Ash Wednesday (Christianity)
- Four Chaplains Day (United States, also considered a Feast Day by the Episcopal Church)
- Communist Party of Vietnam Foundation Anniversary (Vietnam)
- Heroes’ Day (Mozambique)
- Martyrs’ Day (São Tomé and Príncipe)
- Setsubun (Japan)
- Veterans’ Day (Thailand)
-
January 30 in History
- 1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen.
- 1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom.
- 1607 – An estimated 200 square miles (51,800 ha) along the coasts of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary in England are destroyed by massive flooding, resulting in an estimated 2,000 deaths.
- 1648 – Eighty Years’ War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
- 1661 – Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, is ritually executed more than two years after his death, on the 12th anniversary of the execution of the monarch he himself deposed.
- 1703 – The Forty-seven rōnin, under the command of Ōishi Kuranosuke, avenge the death of their master, by killing Kira Yoshinaka.
- 1789 – Tây Sơn forces emerge victorious against Qing armies and liberate the capital Thăng Long.
- 1806 – The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.
- 1820 – Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.
- 1826 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world’s first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the north West coast of Wales, is opened.
- 1835 – In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself.
- 1847 – Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco, California.
- 1858 – The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of The Hallé orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.
- 1862 – The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched.
- 1889 – Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in the Mayerling.
- 1902 – The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance is signed in London.
- 1908 – Indian pacifist and leader Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is released from prison by Jan C. Smuts after being tried and sentenced to two months in jail earlier in the month.
- 1911 – The destroyer USS Terry makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of Douglas McCurdy ten miles from Havana, Cuba.
- 1925 – The Government of Turkey expels Patriarch Constantine VI from Istanbul.
- 1930 – The Politburo of the Soviet Union orders the extermination of the Kulaks.
- 1933 – Adolf Hitler is sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.
- 1942 – World War II: Battle of Ambon. Japanese forces invade the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies. Some 300 captured Allied troops are massacred at Laha airfield. Three-fourths of remaining POWs will not have survived by the end of the war, including 250 men who will be shipped to Hainan Island in South China Sea and never returned.
- 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Cisterna, part of Operation Shingle, begins in central Italy.
- 1945 – World War II: The Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with German refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, killing approximately 9,500 people.
- 1945 – World War II: Raid at Cabanatuan: One hundred twenty-six American Rangers and Filipino resistance fighters liberate over 500 Allied prisoners from the Japanese-controlled Cabanatuan POW camp.
- 1948 – British South American Airways’ Tudor IV Star Tiger disappears over the Bermuda Triangle.
- 1956 – African-American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.’s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
- 1959 – The forces of the Sultanate of Muscat occupy the last strongholds of the Imamate of Oman, Saiq and Shuraijah, marking the end of Jebel Akhdar War in Oman.
- 1959 – MS Hans Hedtoft, said to be the safest ship afloat and “unsinkable” like the RMS Titanic, strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sinks, killing all 95 aboard.
- 1960 – The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.
- 1964 – In a bloodless coup, General Nguyễn Khánh overthrows General Dương Văn Minh’s military junta in South Vietnam.
- 1968 – Vietnam War: Tet Offensive launch by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies.
- 1969 – The Beatles’ last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records in London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.
- 1972 – The Troubles: Bloody Sunday: British paratroopers open fire on anti-internment marchers in Derry, Northern Ireland, killing 13 people; another person later dies of injuries sustained.
- 1972 – Pakistan leaves the Commonwealth of Nations in protest of its recognition of breakaway Bangladesh.
- 1975 – The Monitor National Marine Sanctuary is established as the first United States National Marine Sanctuary.
- 1979 – A Varig Boeing 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as Flight 820, disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.
- 1982 – Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called “Elk Cloner”.
- 1989 – The American embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan is closed.
- 1995 – Workers from the National Institutes of Health announce the success of clinical trials testing the first preventive treatment for sickle-cell disease.
- 2000 – Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Ivory Coast, killing 169.
- 2013 – Naro-1 becomes the first carrier rocket launched by South Korea.
Births on January 30
- 58 BC – Livia, Roman wife of Augustus (d. 29)
- 133 – Didius Julianus, Roman emperor (probable; d. 193)
- 1410 – William Calthorpe, English knight (d. 1494)
- 1520 – William More, English courtier (d. 1600)
- 1563 – Franciscus Gomarus, Dutch theologian and academic (d. 1641)
- 1573 – Georg Friedrich, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (d. 1638)
- 1580 – Gundakar, Prince of Liechtenstein, court official in Vienna (d. 1658)
- 1590 – Lady Anne Clifford, 14th Baroness de Clifford (d. 1676)
- 1628 – George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)
- 1661 – Charles Rollin, French historian and educator (d. 1741)
- 1697 – Johann Joachim Quantz, German flute player and composer (d. 1773)
- 1703 – François Bigot, French politician (d. 1778)
- 1720 – Charles De Geer, Swedish entomologist and archaeologist (d. 1778)
- 1754 – John Lansing, Jr., American lawyer and politician (d. 1829)
- 1775 – Walter Savage Landor, English poet and author (d. 1864)
- 1781 – Adelbert von Chamisso, German botanist and poet (d. 1838)
- 1816 – Nathaniel P. Banks, American general and politician, 24th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1894)
- 1822 – Franz Ritter von Hauer, Austrian geologist and curator (d. 1899)
- 1841 – Félix Faure, French politician, 7th President of France (d. 1899)
- 1844 – Richard Theodore Greener, American lawyer, academic, and diplomat (d. 1922)
- 1846 – Angela of the Cross, Spanish nun and saint (d. 1932)
- 1859 – Tony Mullane, Irish-American baseball player and manager (d. 1944)
- 1861 – Charles Martin Loeffler, German-American violinist and composer (d. 1935)
- 1862 – Walter Damrosch, German-American conductor and composer (d. 1950)
- 1866 – Gelett Burgess, American author, poet, and critic (d. 1951)
- 1878 – Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian author (d. 1940)
- 1882 – Franklin D. Roosevelt, American lawyer and politician, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945)
- 1889 – Jaishankar Prasad, Indian poet and playwright (d. 1937)
- 1899 – Max Theiler, South African-American virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)
- 1900 – Martita Hunt, Argentine-born British actress (d. 1969)
- 1901 – Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (d. 1959)
- 1902 – Nikolaus Pevsner, German-English historian and scholar (d. 1983)
- 1910 – Chidambaram Subramaniam, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Defence (d. 2000)
- 1911 – Roy Eldridge, American jazz trumpet player (d. 1989)
- 1912 – Werner Hartmann, German physicist and academic (d. 1988)
- 1912 – Francis Schaeffer, American pastor and theologian (d. 1984)
- 1912 – Barbara W. Tuchman, American historian and author (d. 1989)
- 1914 – Luc-Marie Bayle, French commander and painter (d. 2000)
- 1914 – John Ireland, Canadian-American actor and director (d. 1992)
- 1914 – David Wayne, American actor (d. 1995)
- 1915 – Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d. 1976)
- 1915 – John Profumo, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for War (d. 2006)
- 1917 – Paul Frère, Belgian race car driver and journalist (d. 2008)
- 1918 – David Opatoshu, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1996)
- 1919 – Fred Korematsu, American activist (d. 2005)
- 1920 – Michael Anderson, English director and producer (d. 2018)
- 1920 – Patrick Heron, British painter (d. 1999)
- 1920 – Delbert Mann, American director and producer (d. 2007)
- 1922 – Dick Martin, American comedian, actor, and director (d. 2008)
- 1923 – Marianne Ferber, Czech-American economist and author (d. 2013)
- 1924 – S. N. Goenka, Burmese-Indian author and educator (d. 2013)
- 1924 – Lloyd Alexander, American soldier and author (d. 2007)
- 1925 – Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist, invented the computer mouse (d. 2013)
- 1927 – Olof Palme, Swedish statesman, 26th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1986)
- 1928 – Harold Prince, American director and producer (d. 2019)
- 1929 – Lois Hole, Canadian businesswoman and politician, 15th Lieutenant Governor of Alberta (d. 2005)
- 1929 – Hugh Tayfield, South African cricketer (d. 1994)
- 1929 – Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian-Italian physician and humanitarian (d. 1996)
- 1930 – Gene Hackman, American actor and author
- 1930 – Magnus Malan, South African general and politician, South African Minister of Defence (d. 2011)
- 1931 – John Crosbie, Canadian lawyer and politician, 34th Canadian Minister of Justice (d. 2020)
- 1931 – Shirley Hazzard, Australian-American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2016)
- 1932 – Knock Yokoyama, Japanese comedian and politician (d. 2007)
- 1934 – Tammy Grimes, American actress and singer (d. 2016)
- 1935 – Richard Brautigan, American novelist, poet, and short story writer (d. 1984)
- 1935 – Tubby Hayes, English saxophonist and composer (d. 1973)
- 1936 – Horst Jankowski, German pianist and composer (d. 1998)
- 1937 – Vanessa Redgrave, English actress
- 1937 – Boris Spassky, Russian chess player and theoretician
- 1938 – Islam Karimov, Uzbek politician, 1st President of Uzbekistan (d. 2016)
- 1941 – Gregory Benford, American astrophysicist and author
- 1941 – Dick Cheney, American businessman and politician, 46th Vice President of the United States, 17th US Secretary of Defense
- 1941 – Tineke Lagerberg, Dutch swimmer
- 1942 – Marty Balin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
- 1943 – Davey Johnson, American baseball player and manager
- 1944 – Lynn Harrell, American cellist and academic
- 1944 – Colin Rimer, English lawyer and judge
- 1945 – Meir Dagan, Israeli military officer and intelligence official, Director of Mossad (2002–11) (d. 2016)
- 1945 – Michael Dorris, American author and scholar (d. 1997)
- 1946 – John Bird, Baron Bird, English publisher, founded The Big Issue
- 1947 – Les Barker, English poet and author
- 1947 – Steve Marriott, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1991)
- 1948 – Nick Broomfield, English director and producer
- 1948 – Miles Reid, English mathematician and academic
- 1949 – Peter Agre, American physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1950 – Jack Newton, Australian golfer
- 1951 – Phil Collins, English drummer, singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
- 1951 – Charles S. Dutton, American actor and director
- 1951 – Bobby Stokes, English footballer (d. 1995)
- 1952 – Doug Falconer, Canadian football player and producer
- 1953 – Fred Hembeck, American author and illustrator
- 1955 – John Baldacci, American politician, 73rd Governor of Maine
- 1955 – Tom Izzo, American basketball player and coach
- 1955 – Curtis Strange, American golfer and sportscaster
- 1957 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (d. 1999)
- 1958 – Derek White, Scottish rugby player
- 1959 – Cynthia Carter, Welsh journalist, author, and academic
- 1959 – Steve Folkes, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 2018)
- 1959 – Jody Watley, American entertainer
- 1962 – Abdullah II of Jordan
- 1964 – Otis Smith, American basketball player, coach, and manager
- 1965 – Kevin Moore, Australian rugby league player and coach
- 1966 – Danielle Goyette, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1968 – Felipe VI of Spain
- 1969 – Justin Skinner, English footballer, midfielder and manager
- 1971 – Kimo von Oelhoffen, American football player
- 1972 – Jill McGill, American golfer
- 1972 – Chris Simon, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1973 – Jalen Rose, American basketball player and sportscaster
- 1974 – Christian Bale, Welsh actor
- 1974 – Olivia Colman, English actress
- 1975 – Juninho Pernambucano, Brazilian footballer
- 1975 – Yumi Yoshimura, Japanese musician and singer
- 1976 – Andy Milonakis, American entertainer
- 1977 – Dan Hinote, American ice hockey player and coach
- 1978 – Carmen Küng, Swiss curler
- 1978 – John Patterson, American baseball player
- 1979 – Trevor Gillies, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1980 – João Soares de Almeida Neto, Brazilian footballer
- 1980 – Georgios Vakouftsis, Greek footballer
- 1980 – Wilmer Valderrama, American actor and producer
- 1981 – Jonathan Bender, American basketball player
- 1981 – Dimitar Berbatov, Bulgarian footballer
- 1981 – Afonso Alves, Brazilian footballer
- 1981 – Peter Crouch, English footballer
- 1981 – Mathias Lauda, Austrian race car driver
- 1982 – Jorge Cantú, Mexican baseball player
- 1984 – Kotoshōgiku Kazuhiro, Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1984 – Arthur Chu, Asian-American columnist and former Jeopardy! contestant
- 1984 – Kid Cudi, American entertainer
- 1985 – Gisela Dulko, Argentinian tennis player
- 1985 – Torrey Mitchell, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1985 – Trae Williams, American football player
- 1986 – Nick Evans, American baseball player
- 1987 – Ben Cutting, Australian cricketer
- 1987 – Lance Franklin, Australian footballer
- 1987 – Phil Lester, English Internet celebrity
- 1987 – Becky Lynch, Irish wrestler
- 1987 – Renato Santos, Brazilian footballer
- 1987 – Arda Turan, Turkish footballer
- 1988 – Rob Pinkston, American actor and director
- 1989 – Tomás Mejías, Spanish footballer
- 1989 – Girish Kumar, Indian film actor
- 1990 – Yoon Bo-ra, South Korean singer
- 1990 – Joe Colborne, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1990 – Andrew McCullough, Australian rugby league player
- 1990 – Nils Miatke, German footballer
- 1990 – Luca Sbisa, Swiss ice hockey player
- 1990 – Mitchell Starc, Australian cricketer
- 1990 – Phillip Supernaw, American football player
- 1991 – Stefan Elliott, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1993 – Katy Marchant, English track cyclist
- 1995 – Jack Laugher, English diver
- 1995 – Víctor Sánchez, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 2015)
Deaths on January 30
- 680 – Balthild, Frankish queen (b. 626)
- 970 – Peter I of Bulgaria
- 1030 – William V, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 969)
- 1181 – Emperor Takakura of Japan (b. 1161)
- 1240 – Pelagio Galvani, Leonese lawyer and cardinal (b. 1165)
- 1314 – Nicholas III of Saint Omer
- 1344 – William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury (b. 1301)
- 1384 – Louis II, Count of Flanders (b. 1330)
- 1497 – Lê Thánh Tông, King of Vietnam (b. 1442)
- 1574 – Damião de Góis, Portuguese historian and philosopher (b. 1502)
- 1606 – Everard Digby, English criminal (b. 1578)
- 1606 – John Grant, English conspirator (b. 1570)
- 1606 – Robert Wintour, English conspirator (b. 1565)
- 1649 – Charles I of England (b. 1600)
- 1664 – Cornelis de Graeff, Dutch mayor (b. 1599)
- 1730 – Peter II of Russia (b. 1715)
- 1770 – Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis, Maltese linguist, historian and cleric (b. 1712)
- 1836 – Betsy Ross, American seamstress, said to have designed the American Flag (b. 1752)
- 1838 – Osceola, American tribal leader (b. 1804)
- 1858 – Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist and ornithologist (b. 1778)
- 1867 – Emperor Kōmei of Japan (b. 1831)
- 1869 – William Carleton, Irish author (b. 1794)
- 1881 – Arthur O’Shaughnessy, English poet and herpetologist (b. 1844)
- 1889 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, heir apparent to the throne of Austria-Hungary (b. 1858)
- 1926 – Barbara La Marr, American actress (b. 1896)
- 1928 – Johannes Fibiger, Danish physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)
- 1929 – La Goulue, French model and dancer (b. 1866)
- 1934 – Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher, founded the Doubleday Publishing Company (b. 1862)
- 1947 – Frederick Blackman, English botanist and physiologist (b. 1866)
- 1948 – Arthur Coningham, Australian air marshal (b. 1895)
- 1948 – Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule (b. 1869)
- 1948 – Orville Wright, American pilot and engineer, co-founded the Wright Company (b. 1871)
- 1951 – Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian-German engineer and businessman, founded Porsche (b. 1875)
- 1958 – Jean Crotti, Swiss painter (b. 1878)
- 1958 – Ernst Heinkel, German engineer and businessman; founded the Heinkel Aircraft Company (b. 1888)
- 1962 – Manuel de Abreu, Brazilian physician and engineer (b. 1894)
- 1963 – Francis Poulenc, French pianist and composer (b. 1899)
- 1966 – Jaan Hargel, Estonian flute player, conductor, and educator (b. 1912)
- 1968 – Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Indian poet, playwright, and journalist (b. 1889)
- 1969 – Dominique Pire, Belgian friar, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
- 1973 – Elizabeth Baker, American economist and academic (b. 1885)
- 1974 – Olav Roots, Estonian pianist and composer (b. 1910)
- 1977 – Paul Marais de Beauchamp, French zoologist (b. 1883)
- 1980 – Professor Longhair, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1918)
- 1982 – Lightnin’ Hopkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1912)
- 1991 – John Bardeen, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1908)
- 1991 – Clifton C. Edom, American photographer and educator (b. 1907)
- 1994 – Pierre Boulle, French soldier and author (b. 1912)
- 1999 – Huntz Hall, American actor (b. 1919)
- 1999 – Ed Herlihy, American journalist (b. 1909)
- 2001 – Jean-Pierre Aumont, French soldier and actor (b. 1911)
- 2001 – Johnnie Johnson, English air marshal and pilot (b. 1915)
- 2001 – Joseph Ransohoff, American surgeon and educator (b. 1915)
- 2005 – Martyn Bennett, Canadian-Scottish violinist (b. 1971)
- 2006 – Coretta Scott King, American author and activist (b. 1927)
- 2006 – Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright and academic (b. 1950)
- 2007 – Sidney Sheldon, American author and screenwriter (b. 1917)
- 2008 – Marcial Maciel, Mexican-American priest, founded the Legion of Christ and Regnum Christi (b. 1920)
- 2009 – H. Guy Hunt, American soldier, pastor, and politician, 49th Governor of Alabama (b. 1933)
- 2010 – Fadil Ferati, Kosovar accountant and politician (b. 1960)
- 2011 – John Barry, English composer and conductor (b. 1933)
- 2012 – Frank Aschenbrenner, American football player and soldier (b. 1925)
- 2012 – Doeschka Meijsing, Dutch author (b. 1947)
- 2013 – Gamal al-Banna, Egyptian author and scholar (b. 1920)
- 2013 – Patty Andrews, American singer (b. 1918)
- 2013 – George Witt, American baseball player and coach (b. 1931)
- 2014 – Stefan Bałuk, Polish general and photographer (b. 1914)
- 2014 – The Mighty Hannibal, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1939)
- 2014 – William Motzing, American composer and conductor (b. 1937)
- 2014 – Arthur Rankin, Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1924)
- 2015 – Carl Djerassi, Austrian-American chemist, author, and playwright (b. 1923)
- 2015 – Ülo Kaevats, Estonian academic, philosopher, and politician (b. 1947)
- 2015 – Geraldine McEwan, English actress (b. 1932)
- 2015 – Gerrit Voorting, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
- 2015 – Zhelyu Zhelev, Bulgarian philosopher and politician, 2nd President of Bulgaria (b. 1935)
- 2016 – Frank Finlay, English actor (b. 1926)
- 2016 – Francisco Flores Pérez, Salvadorian politician, President of El Salvador (b. 1959)
- 2016 – Georgia Davis Powers, American activist and politician (b. 1923)
- 2018 – Mark Salling, American actor and musician (b. 1982)
- 2019 – Dick Miller, American actor (b. 1928)
Holidays and observances on January 30
- Christian Feast Day:
- Adelelmus of Burgos
- Aldegonde
- Anthony the Great (Coptic Church)
- Armentarius of Pavia
- Balthild
- Charles, King and Martyr (various provinces of the Anglican Communion)
- Hippolytus of Rome
- Hyacintha Mariscotti
- Martina
- Matthias of Jerusalem
- Mutien-Marie Wiaux
- Savina
- Three Holy Hierarchs (Eastern Orthodox), and its related observances:
- January 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Day of Azerbaijani customs (Azerbaijan)
- Day of Saudade (Brazil)
- Fred Korematsu Day (California, Florida, Hawaii, Virginia)
- Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi, and its related observances:
- Martyrs’ Day (India)
- School Day of Non-violence and Peace (Spain)
- Start of the Season for Nonviolence January 30 – April 4
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January 27 in History
- AD 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule, the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent.
- 1186 – Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, marries Constance of Sicily.
- 1302 – Dante Alighieri is exiled from Florence.
- 1343 – Pope Clement VI issues the papal bull Unigenitus to justify the power of the pope and the use of indulgences. Nearly 200 years later, Martin Luther would protest this.
- 1606 – Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins, ending with their execution on January 31.
- 1695 – Mustafa II becomes the Ottoman sultan and Caliph of Islam in Istanbul on the death of Ahmed II. Mustafa rules until his abdication in 1703.
- 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Henry Knox’s “noble train of artillery” arrives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
- 1785 – The University of Georgia is founded, the first public university in the United States.
- 1820 – A Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev discovers the Antarctic continent, approaching the Antarctic coast.
- 1825 – The U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the “Trail of Tears”.
- 1868 – Boshin War: The Battle of Toba–Fushimi begins, between forces of the Tokugawa shogunate and pro-Imperial factions; it will end in defeat for the shogunate, and is a pivotal point in the Meiji Restoration.
- 1869 – Boshin War: Tokugawa rebels establish the Ezo Republic in Hokkaidō.
- 1880 – Thomas Edison receives a patent for his incandescent lamp.
- 1916 – World War I: The British government passed a legislation that introduced conscription in the United Kingdom.
- 1918 – Beginning of the Finnish Civil War.
- 1927 – Ibn Saud takes the title of King of Nejd.
- 1939 – First flight of the Lockheed P-38 Lightning.
- 1943 – World War II: The Eighth Air Force sorties ninety-one B-17s and B-24s to attack the U-boat construction yards at Wilhelmshaven, Germany. This was the first American bombing attack on Germany.
- 1944 – World War II: The 900-day Siege of Leningrad is lifted.
- 1945 – World War II: The Soviet 322nd Rifle Division liberates the remaining inmates of Auschwitz-Birkenau.
- 1951 – Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with Operation Ranger.
- 1961 – The Soviet submarine S-80 sinks when its snorkel malfunctions, flooding the boat.
- 1967 – Apollo program: Astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a fire during a test of their Apollo 1 spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida.
- 1967 – Cold War: The Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom sign the Outer Space Treaty in Washington, D.C., banning deployment of nuclear weapons in space, and limiting use of the Moon and other celestial bodies to peaceful purposes.
- 1973 – The Paris Peace Accords officially end the Vietnam War. Colonel William Nolde is killed in action becoming the conflict’s last recorded American combat casualty.
- 1980 – Through cooperation between the U.S. and Canadian governments, six American diplomats secretly escape hostilities in Iran in the culmination of the Canadian Caper.
- 1983 – The pilot shaft of the Seikan Tunnel, the world’s longest sub-aqueous tunnel (53.85 km) between the Japanese islands of Honshū and Hokkaidō, breaks through.
- 1996 – In a military coup, Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane.
- 1996 – Germany first observes the International Holocaust Remembrance Day.
- 2002 – An explosion at a military storage facility in Lagos, Nigeria, kills at least 1,100 people and displaces over 20,000 others.
- 2003 – The first selections for the National Recording Registry are announced by the Library of Congress.
- 2010 – The 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis ends when Porfirio Lobo Sosa becomes the new President of Honduras.
- 2011 – Arab Spring: The Yemeni Revolution begins as over 16,000 protestors demonstrate in Sana’a.
- 2013 – Two hundred and forty-two people die in a nightclub fire in the Brazilian city of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul.
Births on January 27
- 1365 – Edward of Angoulême, English noble (d. 1370)
- 1443 – Albert III, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)
- 1546 – Joachim III Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)
- 1571 – Abbas I of Persia (d. 1629)
- 1585 – Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (d. 1634)
- 1603 – Sir Harbottle Grimston, 2nd Baronet, English lawyer and politician, Speaker of the House of Commons (d. 1685)
- 1603 – Humphrey Mackworth, English politician, lawyer and judge (d. 1654)
- 1621 – Thomas Willis, English physician and anatomist (d. 1675)
- 1662 – Richard Bentley, English scholar and theologian (d. 1742)
- 1663 – George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1733)
- 1687 – Johann Balthasar Neumann, German engineer and architect, designed Würzburg Residence and Basilica of the Fourteen Holy Helpers (d. 1753)
- 1701 – Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian and theologian (d. 1790)
- 1708 – Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna of Russia (d. 1728)
- 1741 – Hester Thrale, Welsh author (d. 1821)
- 1756 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1791)
- 1775 – Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, German-Swiss philosopher and academic (d. 1854)
- 1790 – Juan Álvarez, Mexican general and president (1855) (d. 1867)
- 1795 – Eli Whitney Blake, American engineer, invented the Mortise lock (d. 1886)
- 1803 – Eunice Hale Waite Cobb, American writer, public speaker, and activist (d. 1880)
- 1805 – Maria Anna of Bavaria (d. 1877)
- 1805 – Samuel Palmer, English painter and etcher (d. 1881)
- 1806 – Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga, Spanish composer and educator (d. 1826)
- 1808 – David Strauss, German theologian and author (d. 1874)
- 1814 – Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, French architect, designed the Lausanne Cathedral (d. 1879)
- 1821 – John Chivington, American colonel and pastor (d. 1892)
- 1823 – Édouard Lalo, French violinist and composer (d. 1892)
- 1824 – Urbain Johnson, Canadian farmer and political figure (d. 1917)
- 1826 – Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian journalist and author (d. 1889)
- 1826 – Richard Taylor, American general, historian, and politician (d. 1879)
- 1832 – Lewis Carroll, English novelist, poet, and mathematician (d. 1898)
- 1832 – Carl Friedrich Schmidt, Estonian-Russian geologist and botanist (d. 1908)
- 1836 – Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian journalist and author (d. 1895)
- 1842 – Arkhip Kuindzhi, Ukrainian-Russian painter (d. 1910)
- 1848 – Tōgō Heihachirō, Japanese admiral (d. 1934)
- 1850 – John Collier, English painter and author (d. 1934)
- 1850 – Samuel Gompers, English-American labor leader (d. 1924)
- 1850 – Edward Smith, English captain (d. 1912)
- 1858 – Neel Doff, Dutch-Belgian author (d. 1942)
- 1859 – Wilhelm II, German Emperor (d. 1941)
- 1869 – Will Marion Cook, American violinist and composer (d. 1944)
- 1878 – Dorothy Scarborough, American author (d. 1935)
- 1885 – Jerome Kern, American composer and songwriter (d. 1945)
- 1885 – Seison Maeda, Japanese painter (d. 1977)
- 1886 – Radhabinod Pal, Indian academic and jurist (d. 1967)
- 1889 – Balthasar van der Pol, Dutch physicist and academic (d. 1959)
- 1891 – Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian journalist and author (d. 1967)
- 1893 – Soong Ching-ling, Chinese politician, Honorary President of the People’s Republic of China (d. 1981)
- 1895 – Joseph Rosenstock, Polish-American conductor and manager (d. 1985)
- 1895 – Harry Ruby, American composer and screenwriter (d. 1974)
- 1900 – Hyman G. Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986)
- 1901 – Willy Fritsch, German actor (d. 1973)
- 1901 – Art Rooney, American football player and coach, founded the Pittsburgh Steelers (d. 1988)
- 1903 – John Eccles, Australian-Swiss neurophysiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
- 1903 – Otto P. Weyland, American general (d. 1979)
- 1904 – James J. Gibson, American psychologist and academic (d. 1979)
- 1905 – Howard McNear, American actor (d. 1969)
- 1908 – William Randolph Hearst, Jr., American journalist and publisher (d. 1993)
- 1910 – Edvard Kardelj, Slovene general, economist, and politician, 2nd Foreign Minister of Yugoslavia (d. 1979)
- 1912 – Arne Næss, Norwegian philosopher and environmentalist (d. 2009)
- 1912 – Francis Rogallo, American engineer, invented the Rogallo wing (d. 2009)
- 1915 – Jules Archer, American historian and author (d. 2008)
- 1915 – Jacques Hnizdovsky, Ukrainian-American painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 1985)
- 1918 – Skitch Henderson, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2005)
- 1918 – Elmore James, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1963)
- 1918 – William Seawell, American general (d. 2005)
- 1919 – Tom Addington, English captain (d. 2011)
- 1919 – Ross Bagdasarian, Sr., American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor, created Alvin and the Chipmunks (d. 1972)
- 1920 – Hiroyoshi Nishizawa, Japanese lieutenant and pilot (d. 1944)
- 1920 – Helmut Zacharias, German violinist and composer (d. 2002)
- 1921 – Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)
- 1924 – Rauf Denktaş, Cypriot lawyer and politician, 1st President of Northern Cyprus (d. 2012)
- 1924 – Brian Rix, English actor, producer, and politician (d. 2016)
- 1924 – Harvey Shapiro, American poet (d. 2013)
- 1926 – Fritz Spiegl, Austrian flute player and journalist (d. 2003)
- 1926 – Ingrid Thulin, Swedish actress (d. 2004)
- 1928 – Michael Craig, Indian-English actor and screenwriter
- 1928 – Hans Modrow, Polish-German lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of East Germany
- 1929 – Mohamed Al-Fayed, Egyptian-Swiss businessman
- 1929 – Gastón Suárez, Bolivian author and playwright (d. 1984)
- 1930 – Bobby “Blue” Bland, American blues singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
- 1931 – Mordecai Richler, Canadian author and screenwriter (d. 2001)
- 1931 – Nigel Vinson, Baron Vinson, English lieutenant and businessman
- 1932 – Boris Shakhlin, Russian-Ukrainian gymnast (d. 2008)
- 1933 – Jerry Buss, American chemist and businessman (d. 2013)
- 1934 – Édith Cresson, French politician and diplomat, 160th Prime Minister of France
- 1934 – George Follmer, American race car driver
- 1935 – Steve Demeter, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2013)
- 1936 – Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001)
- 1936 – Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1937 – Fred Åkerström, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1985)
- 1940 – Ahmet Kurtcebe Alptemoçin, Turkish engineer and politician, 35th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 1940 – James Cromwell, American actor
- 1940 – Terry Harper, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1940 – Petru Lucinschi, Romanian activist and politician, 2nd President of Moldova
- 1940 – Reynaldo Rey, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
- 1941 – Beatrice Tinsley, New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist (d. 1981)
- 1942 – Maki Asakawa, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2010)
- 1942 – Tasuku Honjo, Japanese immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine
- 1942 – John Witherspoon, American actor and comedian (d. 2019)
- 1942 – Kate Wolf, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1986)
- 1943 – Julia Cumberlege, Baroness Cumberlege, English businesswoman and politician
- 1944 – Peter Akinola, Nigerian archbishop
- 1944 – Mairead Maguire, Northern Irish activist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1944 – Nick Mason, English drummer, songwriter, and producer
- 1945 – Harold Cardinal, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2005)
- 1946 – Christopher Hum, English academic and diplomat, British Ambassador to China
- 1946 – Nedra Talley, American singer
- 1947 – Björn Afzelius, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
- 1947 – Vyron Polydoras, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister for Public Order
- 1947 – Cal Schenkel, American painter and illustrator
- 1947 – Philip Sugden, English historian and author (d. 2014)
- 1947 – Perfecto Yasay Jr., Filipino lawyer and Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines
- 1948 – Mikhail Baryshnikov, Russian-American dancer, choreographer, and actor
- 1948 – Jean-Philippe Collard, French pianist
- 1951 – Seth Justman, American keyboard player and songwriter
- 1951 – Cees van der Knaap, Dutch soldier and politician
- 1952 – Brian Gottfried, American tennis player
- 1952 – Billy Johnson, American football player and coach
- 1952 – Tam O’Shaughnessy, American tennis player, psychologist, and academic
- 1952 – G. E. Smith, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1954 – Peter Laird, American author and illustrator
- 1954 – Ed Schultz, American talk show host and sportscaster (d. 2018)
- 1955 – Brian Engblom, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
- 1955 – John Roberts, American lawyer and judge, 17th Chief Justice of the United States
- 1956 – Mimi Rogers, American actress
- 1957 – Janick Gers, English guitarist and songwriter
- 1957 – Frank Miller, American illustrator, director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1958 – James Grippando, American lawyer and author
- 1958 – Alan Milburn, English businessman and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
- 1959 – Cris Collinsworth, American football player and sportscaster
- 1959 – Göran Hägglund, Swedish lawyer and politician, 28th Swedish Minister for Social Affairs
- 1959 – Keith Olbermann, American journalist and author
- 1960 – Fiona O’Donnell, Canadian-Scottish politician
- 1961 – Narciso Rodriguez, American fashion designer
- 1961 – Margo Timmins, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1962 – Roberto Paci Dalò, Italian director and composer
- 1963 – George Monbiot, English-Welsh author and activist
- 1964 – Patrick van Deurzen, Dutch composer and academic
- 1964 – Bridget Fonda, American actress
- 1964 – Shahin Shahablou, Iranian photographer (d. 2020)
- 1965 – Alan Cumming, Scottish-American actor
- 1965 – Mike Newell, English footballer and manager
- 1965 – Ignacio Noé, Argentinian author and illustrator
- 1965 – Attila Sekerlioglu, Austrian footballer and manager
- 1966 – Tamlyn Tomita, Japanese-American actress and singer
- 1967 – Dave Manson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1968 – Tracy Lawrence, American country singer
- 1968 – Mike Patton, American singer, composer, and voice artist
- 1968 – Matt Stover, American football player
- 1969 – Michael Kulas, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
- 1969 – Patton Oswalt, American comedian and actor
- 1969 – Shane Thomson, New Zealand cricketer
- 1970 – Bradley Clyde, Australian rugby league player
- 1970 – Dean Headley, English cricketer and coach
- 1971 – Patrice Brisebois, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1972 – Bibi Gaytán, Mexican singer and actress
- 1973 – Valyantsin Byalkevich, Belarusian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
- 1974 – Ole Einar Bjørndalen, Norwegian skier and biathlete
- 1974 – Andrei Pavel, Romanian tennis player and coach
- 1974 – Chaminda Vaas, Sri Lankan cricketer and coach
- 1976 – Ahn Jung-hwan, South Korean footballer
- 1976 – Clint Ford, American actor, voice actor and novelist
- 1976 – Danielle George MBE FIET, Professor of Radio frequency engineering at the University of Manchester
- 1976 – Fred Taylor, American football player
- 1976 – Michael K. Winder, American businessman and politician
- 1978 – Pete Laforest, Canadian-American baseball player and manager
- 1979 – Rosamund Pike, English actress
- 1979 – Daniel Vettori, New Zealand cricketer and coach
- 1980 – Chanda Gunn, American ice hockey player and coach
- 1980 – Marat Safin, Russian tennis player and politician
- 1981 – Alicia Molik, Australian tennis player and sportscaster
- 1981 – Tony Woodcock, New Zealand rugby player
- 1982 – Eva Asderaki, Greek tennis umpire
- 1983 – Carlo Colaiacovo, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1983 – Paulo Colaiacovo, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1983 – Gavin Floyd, American baseball player
- 1987 – Katy Rose, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1987 – Anton Shunin, Russian footballer
- 1987 – Ashley Grace, American singer-songwriter
- 1988 – Kerlon, Brazilian footballer
- 1989 – Alberto Botía, Spanish footballer
- 1991 – Christian Bickel, German footballer
- 1991 – Sebastine Ikahihifo, New Zealand rugby league player
- 1992 – Stefano Pettinari, Italian footballer
- 1995 – Harrison Reed, English footballer midfielder
Deaths on January 27
- AD 98 – Nerva, Roman emperor (b. 35)
- 457 – Marcian, Byzantine emperor (b. 392)
- 555 – Yuan Di, emperor of the Liang Dynasty (b. 508)
- 672 – Pope Vitalian
- 847 – Pope Sergius II (b. 790)
- 906 – Liu Can, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
- 931 – Ruotger, archbishop of Trier
- 947 – Zhang Yanze, Chinese general and governor
- 1062 – Adelaide of Hungary, (b. c. 1040)
- 1311 – Külüg Khan, Emperor Wuzong of Yuan
- 1377 – Frederick the Simple, King of Sicily
- 1490 – Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shōgun (b. 1435)
- 1504 – Ludovico II, Marquess of Saluzzo (b. 1438)
- 1540 – Angela Merici, Italian educator and saint, founded the Company of St. Ursula (b. 1474)
- 1592 – Gian Paolo Lomazzo, Italian painter (b. 1538)
- 1596 – Francis Drake, English captain and explorer (b. 1540)
- 1629 – Hieronymus Praetorius, German organist and composer (b. 1560)
- 1638 – Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, Spanish author and poet (b. 1585)
- 1651 – Abraham Bloemaert, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1566)
- 1689 – Robert Aske, English merchant and philanthropist (b. 1619)
- 1731 – Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian instrument maker, invented the Piano (b. 1655)
- 1733 – Thomas Woolston, English theologian and author (b. 1669)
- 1740 – Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1692)
- 1770 – Philippe Macquer, French historian (b. 1720)
- 1794 – Antoine Philippe de La Trémoille, French general (b. 1765)
- 1812 – John Perkins, Anglo-Jamaican captain
- 1814 – Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher and academic (b. 1762)
- 1816 – Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, English admiral and politician (b. 1724)
- 1851 – John James Audubon, French-American ornithologist and painter (b. 1789)
- 1860 – János Bolyai, Romanian-Hungarian mathematician and academic (b. 1802)
- 1880 – Edward Middleton Barry, English architect and academic, co-designed the Halifax Town Hall and the Royal Opera House (b. 1830)
- 1901 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)
- 1910 – Thomas Crapper, English plumber and businessman (b. 1836)
- 1919 – Endre Ady, Hungarian poet and journalist (b. 1877)
- 1921 – Maurice Buckley, Australian sergeant (b. 1891)
- 1922 – Nellie Bly, American journalist and author (b. 1864)
- 1927 – Jurgis Matulaitis-Matulevičius, Lithuanian bishop (b. 1871)
- 1931 – Nishinoumi Kajirō II, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 25th Yokozuna (b. 1880)
- 1940 – Isaac Babel, Russian short story writer, journalist, and playwright (b. 1894)
- 1942 – Kaarel Eenpalu, Estonian journalist and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia (b. 1888)
- 1951 – Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, Finnish field marshal and politician, 6th President of Finland (b. 1867)
- 1956 – Erich Kleiber, Austrian conductor and director (b. 1890)
- 1961 – Bernard Friedberg, Austrian scholar and author (b. 1876)
- 1963 – John Farrow, Australian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1904)
- 1965 – Abraham Walkowitz, American painter (b. 1878)
- 1967 – crew of Apollo 1
- Roger B. Chaffee, American pilot, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1935)
- Gus Grissom, American pilot and astronaut (b. 1926)
- Ed White, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1930)
- 1967 – Alphonse Juin, Algerian-French general (b. 1888)
- 1970 – Rocco D’Assunta, Italian actor, comedian and playwright (b. 1904)
- 1971 – Jacobo Árbenz, Guatemalan captain and politician, President of Guatemala (b. 1913)
- 1972 – Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)
- 1973 – William Nolde, American colonel (b. 1929)
- 1974 – Georgios Grivas, Cypriot general (b. 1898)
- 1975 – Bill Walsh, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1913)
- 1983 – Louis de Funès, French actor and screenwriter (b. 1914)
- 1986 – Lilli Palmer, German-American actress (b. 1914)
- 1987 – Norman McLaren, Scottish-Canadian animator and director (b. 1914)
- 1988 – Massa Makan Diabaté, Malian historian, author, and playwright (b. 1938)
- 1989 – Thomas Sopwith, English ice hockey player and pilot (b. 1888)
- 1993 – André the Giant, French professional wrestler and actor (b. 1946)
- 1994 – Claude Akins, American actor (b. 1918)
- 1996 – Ralph Yarborough, American colonel, lawyer, and politician (b. 1903)
- 2000 – Friedrich Gulda, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1930)
- 2003 – Henryk Jabłoński, Polish historian and politician, President of Poland (b. 1909)
- 2004 – Salvador Laurel, Filipino lawyer and politician, 10th Vice President of the Philippines (b. 1928)
- 2004 – Jack Paar, American talk show host and author (b. 1918)
- 2006 – Gene McFadden, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1948)
- 2006 – Johannes Rau, German journalist and politician, 8th President of Germany (b. 1931)
- 2007 – Yang Chuan-kwang, Taiwanese decathlete, long jumper, and hurdler (b. 1933)
- 2008 – Suharto, Indonesian general and politician, 2nd President of Indonesia (b. 1921)
- 2008 – Gordon B. Hinckley, American religious leader and author, 15th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1910)
- 2008 – Louie Welch, American businessman and politician, 54th Mayor of Houston (b. 1918)
- 2009 – John Updike, American novelist, short story writer, and critic (b. 1932)
- 2009 – R. Venkataraman, Indian lawyer and politician, 8th President of India (b. 1910)
- 2010 – Zelda Rubinstein, American actress (b. 1933)
- 2010 – J. D. Salinger, American soldier and author (b. 1919)
- 2010 – Howard Zinn, American historian, author, and activist (b. 1922)
- 2011 – Charlie Callas, American comedian and musician (b. 1927)
- 2012 – Greg Cook, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1946)
- 2012 – Ted Dicks, English composer and screenwriter (b. 1928)
- 2012 – Jeannette Hamby, American nurse and politician (b. 1933)
- 2012 – Kevin White, American politician, 51st Mayor of Boston (b. 1929)
- 2013 – Ivan Bodiul, Ukrainian-Russian politician (b. 1918)
- 2013 – Stanley Karnow, American journalist and historian (b. 1925)
- 2014 – Pete Seeger, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and activist (b. 1919)
- 2014 – Epimaco Velasco, Filipino lawyer and politician, Governor of Cavite (b. 1935)
- 2014 – Paul Zorner, German soldier and pilot (b. 1920)
- 2015 – Rocky Bridges, American baseball player and coach (b. 1927)
- 2015 – David Landau, English-Israeli journalist (b. 1947)
- 2015 – Joseph Rotman, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1935)
- 2015 – Charles Hard Townes, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
- 2015 – Larry Winters, American wrestler and trainer (b. 1956)
- 2016 – Carlos Loyzaga, Filipino basketball player and coach (b. 1930)
- 2017 – Emmanuelle Riva, French actress (b. 1927)
- 2017 – Arthur H. Rosenfeld, American physicist (b. 1926)
- 2018 – Ingvar Kamprad, Founder of IKEA (b. 1926)
- 2018 – Mort Walker, American cartoonist (b. 1923)
- 2019 – Countess Maya von Schönburg-Glauchau, German socialite (b. 1958)
Holidays and observances on January 27
- Christian feast day:
- Angela Merici
- Blessed Paul Joseph Nardini
- Devota (Monaco)
- Enrique de Ossó y Cercelló
- John Chrysostom (translation of relics) (Anglican, Lutheran, Eastern Orthodox)
- Sava (Serbia)
- January 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Day of the lifting of the siege of Leningrad (Russia)
- Liberation of the remaining inmates of Auschwitz-related observances:
- Holocaust Memorial Day (UK)
- International Holocaust Remembrance Day
- Memorial Day (Italy)
- Other Holocaust Memorial Days observances