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September 30 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

It is the last day of the third quarter, the midway point of the second half of the year.

  • 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time.
  • 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their baggage train.
  • 1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed king of England.
  • 1520 – Suleiman the Magnificent is proclaimed sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1541 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto and his forces enter Tula territory in present-day western Arkansas, encountering fierce resistance.
  • 1551 – A coup by the military establishment of Japan’s Ōuchi clan forces their lord to commit suicide, and their city is burned.
  • 1744 – War of the Austrian Succession: France and Spain defeat Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell’Olmo, but soon have to withdraw from Sardinia anyway.
  • 1791 – The first performance of Mozart’s opera The Magic Flute takes place two months before his death.
  • 1791 – France’s National Constituent Assembly is dissolved, to be replaced the next day by the National Legislative Assembly
  • 1882 – Thomas Edison’s first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation.
  • 1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
  • 1906 – The Royal Galician Academy, the Galician language’s biggest linguistic authority, starts working in La Coruña, Spain.
  • 1907 – The McKinley National Memorial, the final resting place of assassinated U.S. President William McKinley and his family, is dedicated in Canton, Ohio.
  • 1909 – The Cunard Line’s RMS Mauretania makes a record-breaking westbound crossing of the Atlantic, that will not be bettered for 20 years.
  • 1915 – World War I: Radoje Ljutovac becomes the first soldier in history to shoot down an enemy aircraft with ground-to-air fire.
  • 1922 – The University of Alabama opens the American football season with a 110–0 victory over the Marion Military Institute, which still stands as Alabama’s record for largest margin of victory and as their only 100 point game.
  • 1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.
  • 1931 – Start of “Die Voortrekkers” youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
  • 1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
  • 1938 – Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, whereby Germany annexes the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
  • 1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws “intentional bombings of civilian populations”.
  • 1939 – World War II: General Władysław Sikorski becomes prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile.
  • 1939 – NBC broadcasts the first televised American football game.
  • 1941 – World War II: The Babi Yar massacre comes to an end.
  • 1943 – The United States Merchant Marine Academy is dedicated by President Roosevelt.
  • 1945 – The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
  • 1947 – The 1947 World Series is the first to be televised, to include an African-American player, to exceed $2 million in receipts, to see a pinch-hit home run, and to have six umpires on the field.
  • 1947 – Pakistan joins the United Nations.
  • 1949 – The Berlin Airlift ends.
  • 1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world’s first nuclear-powered vessel.
  • 1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the National Farm Workers Association.
  • 1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying racial segregation rules.
  • 1965 – The Lockheed L-100, the civilian version of the C-130 Hercules, is introduced.
  • 1965 – In Indonesia, a coup by the 30 September Movement is crushed, leading to a mass anti-communist purge, with over 500,000 people killed.
  • 1966 – Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana.
  • 1967 – The BBC Light Programme, Third Programme and Home Service are replaced with BBC Radio 2, 3 and 4 Respectively, BBC Radio 1 is also launched.
  • 1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time.
  • 1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the PFLP for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson’s Field hijackings.
  • 1972 – Roberto Clemente records the 3,000th and final hit of his career.
  • 1975 – The AH-64 Apache makes its first flight. Eight years later, the first production model rolled out of the assembly line.
  • 1977 – Because of NASA budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program’s ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
  • 1980 – Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
  • 1990 – The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada’s capital city of Ottawa.
  • 1993 – The 6.2 Mw  Latur earthquake shakes Maharashtra, India with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.
  • 1994 – Aldwych tube station (originally Strand Station) of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years in service.
  • 1994 – Ongar railway station, the furthest London Underground from central London, closes.
  • 1999 – The Tokaimura nuclear accident causes the deaths of two technicians in Japan’s second-worst nuclear accident.
  • 2000 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: 12-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah is shot and killed on the second day of the Second Intifada.
  • 2004 – The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat itself is retired.
  • 2005 – Controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in a Danish newspaper.
  • 2009 – The 7.6 Mw  Sumatra earthquake leaves 1,115 people dead.
  • 2016 – Hurricane Matthew becomes a Category 5 hurricane, making it the strongest hurricane to form in the Caribbean Sea since 2007.
  • 2016 – Two paintings with a combined value of $100 million are recovered after having been stolen from the Van Gogh Museum in 2002.

Births on September 30

  • 1207 – Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
  • 1227 – Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)
  • 1530 – Girolamo Mercuriale, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
  • 1550 – Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1631)
  • 1622 – Johann Sebastiani, German composer (d. 1683)
  • 1689 – Jacques Aubert, French violinist and composer (d. 1753)
  • 1700 – Stanisław Konarski, Polish monk, poet, and playwright (d. 1773)
  • 1710 – John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, English politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 1771)
  • 1714 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French epistemologist and philosopher (d. 1780)
  • 1732 – Jacques Necker, Swiss-French politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1804)
  • 1743 – Christian Ehregott Weinlig, German cantor and composer (d. 1813)
  • 1765 – José María Morelos, Mexican priest and general (d. 1815)
  • 1800 – Decimus Burton, English architect, designed the Pharos Lighthouse (d. 1881)
  • 1813 – John Rae, Scottish physician and explorer (d. 1893)
  • 1814 – Lucinda Hinsdale Stone, American feminist, educator, and philanthropist (d. 1900)
  • 1827 – Ellis H. Roberts, American journalist and politician, 20th Treasurer of the United States (d. 1918)
  • 1832 – Ann Jarvis, American activist, co-founded Mother’s Day (d. 1905)
  • 1836 – Remigio Morales Bermúdez, Peruvian politician, 56th President of Peru (d. 1894)
  • 1852 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1924)
  • 1861 – William Wrigley, Jr., American businessman, founded Wrigley Company (d. 1932)
  • 1863 – Reinhard Scheer, German admiral (d. 1928)
  • 1870 – Thomas W. Lamont, American banker and philanthropist (d. 1948)
  • 1870 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French-American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
  • 1882 – Hans Geiger, German physicist and academic (d. 1945)
  • 1883 – Bernhard Rust, German educator and politician (d. 1945)
  • 1883 – Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, American civil engineer, architect, and suffragist (d. 1971)
  • 1887 – Lil Dagover, Indonesian-German actress (d. 1980)
  • 1893 – Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (d. 1964)
  • 1895 – Lewis Milestone, Moldovan-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1980)
  • 1897 – Gaspar Cassadó, Spanish cellist and composer (d. 1966)
  • 1897 – Alfred Wintle, Russian-English soldier and politician (d. 1966)
  • 1897 – Charlotte Wolff, German-English physician and psychotherapist (d. 1986)
  • 1898 – Renée Adorée, French-American actress (d. 1933)
  • 1898 – Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois (d. 1977)
  • 1898 – Edgar Parin d’Aulaire, German-American author and illustrator (d. 1986)
  • 1901 – Thelma Terry, American bassist and bandleader (d. 1966)
  • 1904 – Waldo Williams, Welsh poet and academic (d. 1971)
  • 1905 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
  • 1905 – Michael Powell, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
  • 1906 – Mireille Hartuch, French singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1996)
  • 1908 – David Oistrakh, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (d. 1974)
  • 1910 – Jussi Kekkonen, Finnish captain (d. 1962)
  • 1911 – Gustave Gilbert, American psychologist (d. 1977)
  • 1912 – Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
  • 1913 – Bill Walsh, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1975)
  • 1915 – Lester Maddox, American businessman and politician, 75th Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
  • 1917 – Yuri Lyubimov, Russian actor and director (d. 2014)
  • 1917 – Buddy Rich, American drummer, bandleader, and actor (d. 1987)
  • 1918 – Lewis Nixon, U.S. Army captain (d. 1995)
  • 1918 – René Rémond, French historian and economist (d. 2007)
  • 1919 – Roberto Bonomi, Argentinian race car driver (d. 1992)
  • 1919 – Elizabeth Gilels, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (d. 2008)
  • 1919 – William L. Guy, American lieutenant and politician, 26th Governor of North Dakota (d. 2013)
  • 1919 – Patricia Neway, American soprano and actress (d. 2012)
  • 1921 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish-English actress (d. 2007)
  • 1921 – Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American cellist and educator (d. 2018)
  • 1922 – Lamont Johnson, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1922 – Hrishikesh Mukherjee, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
  • 1923 – Donald Swann, Welsh-English pianist and composer (d. 1994)
  • 1924 – Truman Capote, American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1984)
  • 1925 – Arkady Ostashev, Russian engineer and educator (d. 1998)
  • 1926 – Heino Kruus, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2012)
  • 1926 – Robin Roberts, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2010)
  • 1927 – W. S. Merwin, American poet and translator (d. 2019)
  • 1928 – Elie Wiesel, Romanian-American author, academic, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
  • 1928 – Ray Willsey, Canadian-American football player and coach (d. 2013)
  • 1929 – Carol Fenner, American author and illustrator (d. 2002)
  • 1929 – Vassilis Papazachos, Greek seismologist and academic
  • 1929 – Leticia Ramos-Shahani, Filipino politician, diplomat and writer (d. 2017)
  • 1929 – Dorothee Sölle, German theologian and author (d. 2003)
  • 1931 – Angie Dickinson, American actress
  • 1931 – Teresa Gorman, English educator and politician (d. 2015)
  • 1932 – Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese author, playwright, and politician, Governor of Tokyo
  • 1932 – Johnny Podres, American baseball player and coach (d. 2008)
  • 1933 – Michel Aoun, Lebanese general and politician, President of Lebanon
  • 1933 – Cissy Houston, American singer
  • 1934 – Alan A’Court, English footballer and manager (d. 2009)
  • 1934 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian-Swiss singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2014)
  • 1934 – Anna Kashfi, Indian-American actress (d. 2015)
  • 1935 – Johnny Mathis, American singer and actor
  • 1936 – Jim Sasser, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Ambassador to China
  • 1936 – Sevgi Soysal, Turkish author (d. 1976)
  • 1937 – Jurek Becker, Polish-German author (d. 1997)
  • 1937 – Valentyn Sylvestrov, Ukrainian pianist and composer
  • 1937 – Gary Hocking, Rhodesian motorcycle racer (d. 1962)
  • 1938 – Alan Hacker, English clarinet player and educator (d. 2012)
  • 1939 – Len Cariou, Canadian actor
  • 1939 – Anthony Green, English painter and academic
  • 1939 – Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1940 – Claudia Card, American philosopher and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1940 – Harry Jerome, Canadian sprinter (d. 1982)
  • 1940 – Dewey Martin, Canadian-American drummer (d. 2009)
  • 1941 – Samuel F. Pickering, Jr., American author and educator
  • 1941 – Kamalesh Sharma, Indian academic and diplomat, 5th Commonwealth Secretary General
  • 1941 – Reine Wisell, Swedish race car driver
  • 1942 – Gus Dudgeon, English record producer (d. 2002)
  • 1942 – Frankie Lymon, American singer-songwriter (d. 1968)
  • 1943 – Johann Deisenhofer, German-American biochemist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1943 – Marilyn McCoo, American singer
  • 1943 – Philip Moore, English organist and composer
  • 1943 – Ian Ogilvy, English-American actor, playwright, and author
  • 1944 – Diane Dufresne, Canadian singer and painter
  • 1944 – Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer (d. 2006)
  • 1944 – Red Robbins, American basketball player (d. 2009)
  • 1945 – Richard Edwin Hills, English astronomer and academic
  • 1945 – Ehud Olmert, Israeli lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Israel
  • 1946 – Fran Brill, American actress, singer, and puppeteer
  • 1946 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Leader of the House of Lords
  • 1946 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (d. 1993)
  • 1946 – Jochen Mass, German race car driver
  • 1946 – Paul Sheahan, Australian cricketer and educator
  • 1946 – Claude Vorilhon, French journalist, founded Raëlism
  • 1947 – Marc Bolan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977)
  • 1947 – Rula Lenska, English actress
  • 1948 – Craig Kusick, American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
  • 1950 – Laura Esquivel, Mexican author and screenwriter
  • 1950 – Victoria Tennant, English actress and dancer
  • 1951 – John Lloyd, English screenwriter and producer
  • 1951 – Barry Marshall, Australian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1951 – Simon White, English astrophysicist and academic
  • 1952 – John Lombardo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1953 – Matt Abts, American drummer
  • 1953 – Deborah Allen, American country music singer-songwriter, author, and actress
  • 1954 – Basia, Polish singer-songwriter and record producer
  • 1954 – Scott Fields, American guitarist and composer
  • 1954 – Patrice Rushen, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1955 – Andy Bechtolsheim, German engineer, co-founded Sun Microsystems
  • 1955 – Frankie Kennedy, Northern Irish flute player (d. 1994)
  • 1956 – Trevor Morgan, English footballer and manager
  • 1957 – Fran Drescher, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1958 – Marty Stuart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1959 – Ettore Messina, Italian basketball player and coach
  • 1960 – Julia Adamson, Canadian-English keyboard player, composer, and producer
  • 1960 – Nicola Griffith, English-American author
  • 1960 – Miki Howard, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
  • 1960 – Blanche Lincoln, American politician
  • 1961 – Gary Coyne, Australian rugby league player
  • 1961 – Eric Stoltz, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1961 – Mel Stride, English politician
  • 1961 – Eric van de Poele, Belgian race car driver
  • 1963 – David Barbe, American bass player and producer
  • 1964 – Trey Anastasio, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and composer
  • 1964 – Monica Bellucci, Italian actress and fashion model
  • 1965 – Omid Djalili, English comedian, actor, and producer
  • 1966 – Gary Armstrong, Scottish rugby player
  • 1966 – Markus Burger, German pianist, composer, and educator
  • 1967 – Emmanuelle Houdart, Swiss-French author and illustrator
  • 1969 – Gintaras Einikis, Lithuanian basketball player
  • 1969 – Chris von Erich, American wrestler (d. 1991)
  • 1970 – Tony Hale, American actor and producer
  • 1970 – Damian Mori, Australian footballer and manager
  • 1971 – Jenna Elfman, American actress and producer
  • 1972 – Jamal Anderson, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1972 – Ari Behn, Danish-Norwegian author and playwright (d. 2019)
  • 1972 – John Campbell, American bass player and songwriter
  • 1972 – Mayumi Kojima, Japanese singer-songwriter
  • 1972 – José Lima, Dominican-American baseball player (d. 2010)
  • 1974 – Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player
  • 1974 – Tom Greatrex, English politician
  • 1974 – Ben Phillips, English cricketer
  • 1974 – Daniel Wu, American–born Hong Kong actor, director, and producer
  • 1975 – Jay Asher, American author
  • 1975 – Marion Cotillard, French-American actress and singer
  • 1975 – Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
  • 1975 – Laure Pequegnot, French skier
  • 1975 – Christopher Jackson, American actor, singer, musician, and composer
  • 1976 – Georgie Bingham, British radio and television presenter
  • 1977 – Roy Carroll, Northern Irish goalkeeper and manager
  • 1977 – Nick Curran, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2012)
  • 1978 – Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale, Polish female volleyball player
  • 1979 – Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer and coach
  • 1979 – Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
  • 1980 – Martina Hingis, Czechoslovakia-born Swiss tennis player
  • 1980 – Milagros Sequera, Venezuelan tennis player
  • 1981 – Cecelia Ahern, Irish author
  • 1981 – Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
  • 1982 – Lacey Chabert, American actress
  • 1982 – Ryane Clowe, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1982 – Yan Stastny, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1982 – Dmytro Boyko, Ukrainian footballer
  • 1983 – Boniek Forbes, Guinea-Bissau footballer
  • 1983 – Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
  • 1984 – Georgios Eleftheriou, Greek footballer
  • 1985 – Adam Cooney, Australian footballer
  • 1985 – David Gower, Australian rugby league player
  • 1985 – Téa Obreht, Serbian-American author
  • 1985 – Cristian Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer
  • 1985 – T-Pain, American rapper, producer, and actor
  • 1986 – Olivier Giroud, French footballer
  • 1986 – Martin Guptill, New Zealand cricketer
  • 1986 – Ben Lovett, Welsh musician and songwriter
  • 1986 – Cristián Zapata, Colombian footballer
  • 1987 – Aida Garifullina, Russian operatic soprano
  • 1988 – Eglė Staišiūnaitė, Lithuanian hurdler
  • 1989 – André Weis, German footballer
  • 1991 – Thomas Röhler, German javelin thrower
  • 1992 – Ezra Miller, American actor and singer
  • 1994 – Aliya Mustafina, Russian gymnast
  • 1996 – Jacob Host, Australian rugby league player
  • 1997 – Yana Kudryavtseva, Russian gymnast
  • 1997 – Max Verstappen, Dutch Formula One driver
  • 1998 – Trevor Moran, American youtuber and singer
  • 2002 – Maddie Ziegler, American dancer and actress
  • 2002 – Levi Miller, Australian actor and model

Deaths on September 30

  • 420 – Jerome, Roman priest, theologian, and saint (b. 347)
  • 653 – Honorius of Canterbury, Italian archbishop and saint
  • 940 – Fan Yanguang, Chinese general
  • 954 – Louis IV of France (b. 920)
  • 1101 – Anselm IV, Italian archbishop
  • 1246 – Yaroslav II of Vladimir (b. 1191)
  • 1288 – Leszek II the Black, Polish prince, Duke of Łęczyca, Sieradz, Kraków, Sandomierz (b. 1241)
  • 1440 – Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, Welsh soldier and politician (b. 1362)
  • 1487 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
  • 1551 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese daimyō (b. 1507)
  • 1560 – Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
  • 1572 – Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía, Spanish priest and saint, 3rd Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1510)
  • 1581 – Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)
  • 1626 – Nurhaci, Chinese emperor (b. 1559)
  • 1628 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1554)
  • 1770 – Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1695)
  • 1770 – George Whitefield, English-American priest and theologian (b. 1714)
  • 1865 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1800)
  • 1891 – Georges Ernest Boulanger, French general and politician, French Minister of War (b. 1837)
  • 1897 – Thérèse of Lisieux, French nun and saint (b. 1873)
  • 1910 – Maurice Lévy, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1838)
  • 1942 – Hans-Joachim Marseille, German captain and pilot (b. 1919)
  • 1943 – Franz Oppenheimer, German-American sociologist and economist (b. 1864)
  • 1946 – Takashi Sakai, Japanese general and politician, Governor of Hong Kong (b. 1887)
  • 1955 – James Dean, American actor (b. 1931)
  • 1959 – Henry Barwell, Australian politician, 28th Premier of South Australia (b. 1877)
  • 1961 – Onésime Gagnon, Canadian scholar and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1888)
  • 1973 – Peter Pitseolak, Canadian photographer and author (b. 1902)
  • 1974 – Carlos Prats, Chilean general and politician, Chilean Minister of Defense (b. 1915)
  • 1977 – Mary Ford, American singer and guitarist (b. 1924)
  • 1978 – Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
  • 1985 – Charles Francis Richter, American seismologist and physicist (b. 1900)
  • 1985 – Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
  • 1986 – Nicholas Kaldor, Hungarian-British economist (b. 1908)
  • 1987 – Alfred Bester, American author and screenwriter (b. 1913)
  • 1988 – Al Holbert, American race car driver (b. 1946)
  • 1989 – Virgil Thomson, American composer and critic (b. 1896)
  • 1990 – Rob Moroso, American race car driver (b. 1968)
  • 1990 – Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and author (b. 1930)
  • 1990 – Patrick White, Australian novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
  • 1991 – Toma Zdravković, Serbian singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
  • 1994 – André Michel Lwoff, French microbiologist and virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
  • 1998 – Marius Goring, English actor (b. 1912)
  • 1998 – Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player and poet (b. 1953)
  • 1998 – Robert Lewis Taylor, American soldier and author (b. 1912)
  • 2002 – Göran Kropp, Swedish race car driver and mountaineer (b. 1966)
  • 2002 – Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss lawyer and politician, 63rd President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1913)
  • 2003 – Yusuf Bey, American activist, founded Your Black Muslim Bakery (b. 1935)
  • 2003 – Ronnie Dawson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)
  • 2003 – Robert Kardashian, American lawyer and businessman (b. 1944)
  • 2004 – Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor, director, and politician (b. 1936)
  • 2004 – Jacques Levy, American director and songwriter (b. 1935)
  • 2004 – Michael Relph, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
  • 2008 – J. B. Jeyaretnam, Singaporean lawyer and politician (b. 1926)
  • 2010 – Stephen J. Cannell, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1941)
  • 2011 – Anwar al-Awlaki, American-Yemeni terrorist (b. 1971)
  • 2011 – Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian-American immunologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1943)
  • 2012 – Turhan Bey, Austrian actor and producer (b. 1922)
  • 2012 – Barry Commoner, American biologist, academic, and politician (b. 1917)
  • 2012 – Bobby Jaggers, American wrestler and engineer (b. 1948)
  • 2012 – Clara Stanton Jones, American librarian (b. 1913)
  • 2012 – Barbara Ann Scott, Canadian-American figure skater (b. 1928)
  • 2012 – Boris Šprem, Croatian lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament (b. 1956)
  • 2013 – Janet Powell, Australian educator and politician (b. 1942)
  • 2014 – Molvi Iftikhar Hussain Ansari, Indian cleric and politician (b. 1940)
  • 2014 – Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
  • 2015 – Guido Altarelli, Italian-Swiss physicist and academic (b. 1941)
  • 2015 – Claude Dauphin, French businessman (b. 1951)
  • 2015 – Göran Hägg, Swedish author and critic (b. 1947)
  • 2017 – Monty Hall, American game show host (b. 1921)
  • 2018 – Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (b. 1945)
  • 2018 – Geoffrey Hayes, British television presenter and actor (b. 1942)
  • 2018 – Sonia Orbuch, Polish resistance fighter during the Second World War and Holocaust educator. (b. 1925)
  • 2019 – Victoria Braithwaite, British research scientist who proved fish feel pain (b. 1967)

Holidays and observances on September 30

  • Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day (São Tomé and Príncipe)
  • Birth of Morelos (Mexico)
  • Boy’s Day (Poland)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Gregory the Illuminator
    • Honorius of Canterbury
    • Jerome
    • September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Independence Day (Botswana) or Botswana Day, celebrates the independence of Botswana from United Kingdom in 1966.
  • International Translation Day (International Federation of Translators)
  • Orange Shirt Day (Canada)

July 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
  • 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.
  • 1202 – Georgian–Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the Kingdom of Georgia defeats the Sultanate of Rum.
  • 1214 – Battle of Bouvines: Philip II of France decisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England’s Angevin Empire.
  • 1299 – According to Edward Gibbon, Osman I invades the territory of Nicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding day of the Ottoman state.
  • 1302 – Battle of Bapheus: Decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.
  • 1549 – The Jesuit priest Francis Xavier’s ship reaches Japan.
  • 1663 – The English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports. After the Acts of Union 1707, Scotland would be included in the Act.
  • 1689 – Glorious Revolution: The Battle of Killiecrankie is a victory for the Jacobites.
  • 1694 – A Royal charter is granted to the Bank of England.
  • 1775 – Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passes legislation establishing “an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men.”
  • 1778 – American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant: British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
  • 1789 – The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).
  • 1794 – French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 “enemies of the Revolution”.
  • 1816 – Battle of Negro Fort: The battle ends when a hot shot cannonball fired by US Navy Gunboat No. 154 explodes the Fort’s Powder Magazine, killing approximately 275. It is considered the deadliest single cannon shot in US history.
  • 1857 – Siege of Arrah begins: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
  • 1865 – Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
  • 1866 – The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart’s Content, Newfoundland.
  • 1880 – Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand: Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khan defeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
  • 1890 – Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.
  • 1900 – Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, “Hun” would be a disparaging name for Germans.
  • 1917 – World War I: The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.
  • 1919 – The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.
  • 1921 – Researchers at the University of Toronto, led by biochemist Frederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.
  • 1929 – The Geneva Convention of 1929, dealing with treatment of prisoners-of-war, is signed by 53 nations.
  • 1940 – The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.
  • 1942 – World War II: Allied forces successfully halt the final Axis advance into Egypt.
  • 1949 – Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
  • 1953 – Cessation of hostilities is achieved in the Korean War when the United States, China, and North Korea sign an armistice agreement. Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea, refuses to sign but pledges to observe the armistice.
  • 1955 – The Austrian State Treaty restores Austrian sovereignty.
  • 1955 – El Al Flight 402 is shot down by two fighter jets after straying into Bulgarian air space. All 58 people onboard are killed.
  • 1959 – The Continental League is announced as baseball’s “3rd major league” in the United States.
  • 1964 – Vietnam War: Five thousand more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
  • 1974 – Watergate scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment (for obstruction of justice) against President Richard Nixon.
  • 1975 – Mayor of Jaffna and former MP Alfred Duraiappah is shot dead.
  • 1976 – Former Japanese prime minister Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws in connection with the Lockheed bribery scandals.
  • 1981 – While landing at Chihuahua International Airport, Aeromexico Flight 230 overshoots the runway. Thirty-two of the 66 passengers and crew on board the DC-9 are killed.[2]
  • 1983 – Black July: Eighteen Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by Sinhalese prisoners, the second such massacre in two days.
  • 1987 – RMS Titanic Inc. begins the first expedited salvage of wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
  • 1989 – While attempting to land at Tripoli International Airport in Libya, Korean Air Flight 803 crashes just short of the runway. Seventy-five of the 199 passengers and crew and four people on the ground are killed, in the second accident involving a DC-10 in less than two weeks, the first being United Airlines Flight 232.
  • 1990 – The Supreme Soviet of the Belarusian Soviet Republic declares independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union. Until 1996 the day is celebrated as the Independence Day of Belarus; after a referendum held that year the celebration of independence is moved to June 3.
  • 1990 – The Jamaat al Muslimeen attempt a coup d’état in Trinidad and Tobago.
  • 1995 – The Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
  • 1996 – In Atlanta, United States, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics.
  • 1997 – About 50 people are killed in the Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria.
  • 2002 – Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 77 and injuring more than 500 others, making it the deadliest air show disaster in history.
  • 2005 – After an incident during STS-114, NASA grounds the Space Shuttle, pending an investigation of the continuing problem with the shedding of foam insulation from the external fuel tank.
  • 2015 – At least seven people are killed and many injured after gunmen attack an Indian police station in Punjab.
  • 2016 – At a news conference in Florida, U.S. Presidential Candidate Donald Trump publicly appealed to Russia to find and release private emails from Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton; a Special Counsel investigation (2017–2019) later alleged that Russian operatives began hacking into servers at the Democratic National Committee on that same day, leading to the July 13, 2018 indictment of 12 Russian intelligence officers.[3]

Births on July 27

  • 1452 – Ludovico Sforza, Italian son of Francesco I Sforza (d. 1508)
  • 1452 – Lucrezia Crivelli, mistress of Ludovico Sforza (d. 1508)
  • 1502 – Francesco Corteccia, Italian composer (d. 1571)
  • 1578 – Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond (d. 1639)
  • 1612 – Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1640)
  • 1625 – Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich (d. 1672)
  • 1667 – Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and academic (d. 1748)
  • 1733 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (d. 1779)
  • 1740 – Jeanne Baré, French explorer (d. 1803)
  • 1741 – François-Hippolyte Barthélémon, French-English violinist and composer (d. 1808)
  • 1752 – Samuel Smith, American general and politician (d. 1839)
  • 1768 – Charlotte Corday, French assassin of Jean-Paul Marat (d. 1793)
  • 1768 – Joseph Anton Koch, Austrian painter (d. 1839)
  • 1773 – Jacob Aall, Norwegian economist and politician (d. 1844)
  • 1777 – Thomas Campbell, Scottish-French poet and academic (d. 1844)
  • 1777 – Henry Trevor, 21st Baron Dacre, English general (d. 1853)
  • 1781 – Mauro Giuliani, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1828)
  • 1784 – Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (d. 1839)
  • 1812 – Thomas Lanier Clingman, American general and politician (d. 1897)
  • 1818 – Agostino Roscelli, Italian priest and saint (d. 1902)
  • 1824 – Alexandre Dumas, fils, French novelist and playwright (d. 1895)
  • 1833 – Thomas George Bonney, English geologist, mountaineer, and academic (d. 1923)
  • 1834 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian admiral (d. 1879)
  • 1835 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian poet and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
  • 1848 – Loránd Eötvös, Hungarian physicist and politician, Minister of Education of Hungary (d. 1919)
  • 1848 – Friedrich Ernst Dorn, German physicist (d.1916)
  • 1853 – Vladimir Korolenko, Ukrainian journalist, author, and activist (d. 1921)
  • 1853 – Elizabeth Plankinton, American philanthropist (d. 1923)
  • 1854 – Takahashi Korekiyo, Japanese accountant and politician, 20th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1936)
  • 1857 – José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican physician, sociologist, and politician (d. 1921)
  • 1857 – Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge, English Egyptologist, Orientalist, and philologist (d.1934)
  • 1858 – George Lyon, Canadian golfer and cricketer (d. 1938)
  • 1866 – António José de Almeida, Portuguese physician and politician, 6th President of Portugal (d. 1929)
  • 1867 – Enrique Granados, Spanish pianist and composer (d. 1916)
  • 1870 – Hilaire Belloc, French-born British writer and historian (d. 1953)
  • 1872 – Stanislav Binički, Serbian composer, conductor, and pedagogue. (d. 1942)
  • 1879 – Francesco Gaeta, Italian poet (d. 1927)
  • 1877 – Ernő Dohnányi, Hungarian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1960)
  • 1881 – Hans Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1945)
  • 1882 – Geoffrey de Havilland, English pilot and engineer, founded the de Havilland Aircraft Company (d. 1965)
  • 1886 – Ernst May, German architect and urban planner (d. 1970)
  • 1889 – Vera Karalli, Russian ballerina, choreographer, and actress (d. 1972)
  • 1890 – Benjamin Miessner, American radio engineer and inventor (d. 1976)
  • 1890 – Armas Taipale, Finnish discus thrower and shot putter (d. 1976)
  • 1891 – Jacob van der Hoeden, Dutch-Israeli veterinarian and academic (d. 1968)
  • 1893 – Ugo Agostoni, Italian cyclist (d. 1941)
  • 1894 – Mientje Kling, Dutch actress (d. 1966)
  • 1896 – Robert George, Scottish air marshal and politician, 24th Governor of South Australia (d. 1967)
  • 1896 – Henri Longchambon, French lawyer and politician (d. 1969)
  • 1899 – Percy Hornibrook, Australian cricketer (d. 1976)
  • 1902 – Yaroslav Halan, Ukrainian playwright and publicist (d. 1949)
  • 1903 – Nikolay Cherkasov, Russian actor (d. 1966)
  • 1903 – Michail Stasinopoulos, Greek jurist and politician, President of Greece (d. 2002)
  • 1903 – Mārtiņš Zīverts, Latvian playwright (d. 1990)
  • 1904 – Lyudmila Rudenko, Soviet chess player (d. 1986)
  • 1905 – Leo Durocher, American baseball player and manager (d. 1991)
  • 1906 – Jerzy Giedroyc, Polish author and activist (d. 2000)
  • 1906 – Herbert Jasper, Canadian psychologist and neurologist (d. 1999)
  • 1907 – Ross Alexander, American stage and film actor (d. 1937)
  • 1907 – Carl McClellan Hill, African American educator and academic administrator (d. 1995)
  • 1907 – Irene Fischer, Austrian-American geodesist and mathematician (d. 2009)
  • 1908 – Joseph Mitchell, American journalist and author (d. 1996)
  • 1910 – Julien Gracq, French author and critic (d. 2007)
  • 1910 – Lupita Tovar, Mexican-American actress (d. 2016)
  • 1911 – Rayner Heppenstall, English author and poet (d. 1981)
  • 1912 – Vernon Elliott, English bassoon player, composer, and conductor (d. 1996)
  • 1913 – George L. Street III, American captain, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2000)
  • 1914 – August Sang, Estonian poet and translator (d. 1969)
  • 1915 – Mario Del Monaco, Italian tenor (d. 1982)
  • 1915 – Josef Priller, German colonel and pilot (d. 1961)
  • 1916 – Elizabeth Hardwick, American literary critic, novelist, and short story writer (d. 2007)
  • 1916 – Skippy Williams, American saxophonist and arranger (d. 1994)
  • 1916 – Keenan Wynn, American actor (d. 1986)
  • 1918 – Leonard Rose, American cellist and educator (d. 1984)
  • 1920 – Henry D. “Homer” Haynes, American comedian and musician (Homer and Jethro) (d. 1971)
  • 1921 – Garry Davis, American pilot and activist, created the World Passport (d. 2013)
  • 1921 – Émile Genest, Canadian-American actor (d. 2003)
  • 1922 – Adolfo Celi, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1986)
  • 1922 – Norman Lear, American screenwriter and producer
  • 1923 – Mas Oyama, South Korean-Japanese martial artist (d. 1994)
  • 1924 – Vincent Canby, American historian and critic (d. 2000)
  • 1924 – Otar Taktakishvili, Georgian composer and conductor (d. 1989)
  • 1927 – Guy Carawan, American singer and musicologist (d. 2015)
  • 1927 – Pierre Granier-Deferre, French director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
  • 1927 – Will Jordan, American comedian and actor (d. 2018)
  • 1927 – C. Rajadurai, Sri Lankan journalist and politician, 1st Mayor of Batticaloa
  • 1927 – John Seigenthaler, American journalist and academic (d. 2014)
  • 1928 – Joseph Kittinger, American colonel and pilot
  • 1929 – Jean Baudrillard, French sociologist and philosopher (d. 2007)
  • 1929 – Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1929 – Jack Higgins, English author and academic
  • 1929 – Marc Wilkinson, French-Australian composer and conductor
  • 1930 – Joy Whitby, English director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1930 – Shirley Williams, English academic and politician, Secretary of State for Education
  • 1931 – Khieu Samphan, Cambodian academic and politician, 28th Prime Minister of Cambodia
  • 1931 – Jerry Van Dyke, American actor (d. 2018)
  • 1932 – Forest Able, American basketball player
  • 1932 – Diane Webber, American model, dancer and actress
  • 1933 – Nick Reynolds, American singer and bongo player (d. 2008)
  • 1933 – Ted Whitten, Australian footballer and journalist (d. 1995)
  • 1935 – Hillar Kärner, Estonian chess player
  • 1935 – Billy McCullough, Northern Irish footballer
  • 1936 – J. Robert Hooper, American businessman and politician (d. 2008)
  • 1937 – Anna Dawson, English actress and singer
  • 1937 – Don Galloway, American actor (d. 2009)
  • 1937 – Robert Holmes à Court, South African-Australian businessman and lawyer (d. 1990)
  • 1938 – Gary Gygax, American game designer, co-created Dungeons & Dragons (d. 2008)
  • 1939 – William Eggleston, American photographer and academic
  • 1939 – Michael Longley, Northern Irish poet and academic
  • 1939 – Paulo Silvino, Brazilian comedian, composer and actor (d. 2017)
  • 1940 – Pina Bausch, German dancer and choreographer (d. 2009)
  • 1941 – Christian Boesch, Austrian opera singer
  • 1941 – Johannes Fritsch, German viola player and composer (d. 2010)
  • 1942 – Édith Butler, Canadian singer-songwriter
  • 1942 – John Pleshette, American actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1942 – Dennis Ralston, American tennis player
  • 1943 – Jeremy Greenstock, English diplomat, British Ambassador to the United Nations
  • 1944 – Bobbie Gentry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1944 – Jean-Marie Leblanc, French cyclist and journalist
  • 1944 – Barbara Thomson, English saxophonist and composer
  • 1945 – Edmund M. Clarke, American computer scientist
  • 1946 – Peter Reading, English poet and author (d. 2011)
  • 1947 – Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese businessman (d. 2008)
  • 1947 – Betty Thomas, American actress, director, and producer
  • 1948 – Peggy Fleming, American figure skater and sportscaster
  • 1948 – James Munby, English lawyer and judge
  • 1948 – Henny Vrienten, Dutch singer-songwriter and bass player
  • 1949 – Maury Chaykin, American-Canadian actor (d. 2010)
  • 1949 – André Dupont, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1949 – Rory MacDonald, Scottish singer-songwriter and bass player
  • 1949 – Maureen McGovern, American singer and actress
  • 1949 – Robert Rankin, English author and illustrator
  • 1950 – Simon Jones, English actor
  • 1951 – Roseanna Cunningham, Scottish lawyer and politician, Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs
  • 1951 – Bob Diamond, American-English banker and businessman
  • 1951 – Rolf Thung, Dutch tennis player
  • 1952 – Marvin Barnes, American basketball player (d. 2014)
  • 1952 – Roxanne Hart, American actress
  • 1953 – Chung Dong-young, South Korean journalist and politician, 31st South Korean Minister of Unification
  • 1953 – Yahoo Serious, Australian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1954 – Philippe Alliot, French race car driver and sportscaster
  • 1954 – G. S. Bali, Indian lawyer and politician
  • 1954 – Ricardo Uceda, Peruvian journalist and author
  • 1954 – Mark Stanway, English keyboard player Magnum
  • 1955 – Cat Bauer, American journalist, author, and playwright
  • 1955 – Allan Border, Australian cricketer and coach
  • 1955 – John Howell, English journalist and politician
  • 1955 – Bobby Rondinelli, American drummer
  • 1956 – Carol Leifer, American actress, comedian, screenwriter, and producer
  • 1957 – Bill Engvall, American comedian, actor, and producer
  • 1958 – Christopher Dean, English figure skater and choreographer
  • 1958 – Kimmo Hakola, Finnish composer
  • 1959 – Joe DeSa, American baseball player (d. 1986)
  • 1959 – Hugh Green, American football player
  • 1959 – Yiannos Papantoniou, French-Greek economist and politician, Greek Minister of National Defence
  • 1960 – Jo Durie, English tennis player and sportscaster
  • 1960 – Conway Savage, Australian singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2018)
  • 1960 – Emily Thornberry, English lawyer and politician
  • 1961 – Ed Orgeron, American football coach[4]
  • 1962 – Neil Brooks, Australian swimmer
  • 1962 – Karl Mueller, American bass player (d. 2005)
  • 1963 – Donnie Yen, Chinese-Hong Kong actor, director, producer, and martial artist
  • 1964 – Rex Brown, American bass player and songwriter
  • 1965 – José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan footballer
  • 1966 – Steve Tilson, English footballer and manager
  • 1967 – Rahul Bose, Indian journalist, actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1967 – Juliana Hatfield, American singer-songwriter and musician
  • 1967 – Hans Mathisen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
  • 1967 – Neil Smith, English cricketer
  • 1967 – Craig Wolanin, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1968 – Maria Grazia Cucinotta, Italian actress and producer
  • 1968 – Tom Goodwin, American baseball player and coach
  • 1968 – Sabina Jeschke, Swedish-German engineer and academic
  • 1968 – Julian McMahon, Australian actor and producer
  • 1968 – Ricardo Rosset, Brazilian race car driver
  • 1969 – Triple H, American wrestler and actor
  • 1969 – Jonty Rhodes, South African cricketer and coach
  • 1970 – Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Danish actor and producer
  • 1970 – David Davies, English-Welsh politician
  • 1971 – Matthew Johns, Australian rugby league player, sportscaster and television host
  • 1972 – Clint Robinson, Australian kayaker[5]
  • 1972 – Maya Rudolph, American actress
  • 1972 – Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysian surgeon and astronaut
  • 1973 – Cassandra Clare, American journalist and author
  • 1973 – Erik Nys, Belgian long jumper
  • 1973 – Gorden Tallis, Australian rugby league player and coach
  • 1974 – Eason Chan, Hong Kong singer, actor, and producer
  • 1974 – Pete Yorn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1975 – Serkan Çeliköz, Turkish keyboard player and songwriter
  • 1975 – Shea Hillenbrand, American baseball player
  • 1975 – Fred Mascherino, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1975 – Alessandro Pistone, Italian footballer
  • 1975 – Alex Rodriguez, American baseball player
  • 1976 – Demis Hassabis, English computer scientist and academic
  • 1976 – Scott Mason, Australian cricketer (d. 2005)
  • 1977 – Foo Swee Chin, Singaporean illustrator
  • 1977 – Björn Dreyer, German footballer
  • 1977 – Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Irish actor
  • 1978 – Diarmuid O’Sullivan, Irish hurler and manager
  • 1979 – Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician, feminist, and human rights activist (d. 2018)
  • 1979 – Jorge Arce, Mexican boxer
  • 1979 – Sidney Govou, French footballer
  • 1979 – Shannon Moore, American wrestler and singer
  • 1980 – Allan Davis, Australian cyclist
  • 1980 – Wesley Gonzales, Filipino basketball player
  • 1981 – Susan King Borchardt, American basketball player
  • 1981 – Collins Obuya, Kenyan cricketer
  • 1981 – Dash Snow, American painter and photographer (d. 2009)
  • 1981 – Christopher Weselek, German rugby player
  • 1982 – Neil Harbisson, English-Catalan painter, composer, and activist
  • 1983 – Lorik Cana, Albanian footballer
  • 1983 – Martijn Maaskant, Dutch cyclist
  • 1983 – Goran Pandev, Macedonian footballer
  • 1983 – Soccor Velho, Indian footballer (d. 2013)
  • 1984 – Antoine Bethea, American football player
  • 1984 – Tsuyoshi Nishioka, Japanese baseball player
  • 1984 – Max Scherzer, American baseball player
  • 1984 – Taylor Schilling, American actress
  • 1984 – Kenny Wormald, American actor, dancer, and choreographer
  • 1985 – Husain Abdullah, American football player
  • 1985 – Matteo Pratichetti, Italian rugby player
  • 1985 – Ajmal Shahzad, English cricketer
  • 1986 – DeMarre Carroll, American basketball player
  • 1986 – Ryan Flaherty, American baseball player
  • 1986 – Ryan Griffen, Australian footballer
  • 1987 – Jacoby Ford, American football player
  • 1987 – Marek Hamšík, Slovak footballer
  • 1987 – Jordan Hill, American basketball player
  • 1987 – Sarah Parsons, American ice hockey player
  • 1988 – Adam Biddle, Australian footballer
  • 1988 – Yoervis Medina, Venezuelan baseball player
  • 1988 – Ryan Tannehill, American football player
  • 1989 – Maya Ali, Pakistani actress
  • 1990 – Nick Hogan, American race car driver and actor
  • 1990 – Paolo Hurtado, Peruvian footballer
  • 1990 – Cheyenne Kimball, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1990 – Stephen Li-Chung Kuo, Taiwanese-American figure skater
  • 1990 – Kriti Sanon, Indian actress
  • 1991 – Rena Matsui, Japanese actress and singer
  • 1993 – Reagan Campbell-Gillard, Australian rugby league player
  • 1993 – Max Power, English footballer
  • 1993 – Jordan Spieth, American golfer
  • 2001 – Shin Ki-joon, South Korean actor

Deaths on July 27

  • 903 – Abdallah II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir
  • 959 – Chai Rong, emperor of Later Zhou
  • 1144 – Salomea of Berg, High Duchess consort of Poland[6]
  • 1061 – Nicholas II, pope of the Catholic Church
  • 1101 – Conrad II, king of Italy (b. 1074)
  • 1101 – Hugh d’Avranches, Earl of Chester (b. c. 1047)
  • 1158 – Geoffrey VI, Count of Anjou (b. 1134)
  • 1276 – James I of Aragon (b. 1208)
  • 1365 – Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (b. 1339)
  • 1382 – Joanna I of Naples (b. 1326)
  • 1510 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian condottiere (b. 1466)
  • 1469 – William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (b. 1423)
  • 1656 – Salomo Glassius, German theologian and critic (b. 1593)
  • 1675 – Henri de la Tour d’Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, French general (b. 1611)
  • 1689 – John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee, Scottish general (b. c. 1648)[7]
  • 1759 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1698)
  • 1770 – Robert Dinwiddie, Scottish merchant and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1693)
  • 1841 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian poet and painter (b. 1814)
  • 1844 – John Dalton, English physicist, meteorologist, and chemist (b. 1776)
  • 1863 – William Lowndes Yancey, American journalist and politician (b. 1813)
  • 1865 – Jean-Joseph Dassy, French painter and lithographer (b. 1791)
  • 1875 – Aleksander Kunileid, Estonian composer and educator (b. 1845)
  • 1876 – Albertus van Raalte, Dutch-born American minister and author (b. 1811)
  • 1883 – Montgomery Blair, American lieutenant and politician, 20th United States Postmaster General (b. 1813)
  • 1916 – Charles Fryatt, English captain (b. 1872)
  • 1916 – William Jonas, English footballer (d. 1890)
  • 1917 – Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1841)
  • 1921 – Myrddin Fardd, Welsh writer and antiquarian scholar (b. 1836)
  • 1924 – Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1866)
  • 1931 – Auguste Forel, Swiss neuroanatomist and psychiatrist (b. 1848)
  • 1938 – Tom Crean, Irish seaman and explorer (b. 1877)
  • 1941 – Alfred Henry O’Keeffe, New Zealand painter and educator (b. 1858)
  • 1942 – Karl Pärsimägi, Estonian painter (b. 1902)
  • 1946 – Gertrude Stein, American novelist, poet, and playwright (b. 1874)
  • 1948 – Woolf Barnato, English race car driver and businessman (b. 1898)
  • 1948 – Joe Tinker, American baseball player and manager (b. 1880)
  • 1948 – Dorothea Bleek, South African anthropologist and philologist (b. 1873)
  • 1951 – Paul Kogerman, Estonian chemist and politician, 22nd Estonian Minister of Education (b. 1891)
  • 1958 – Claire Lee Chennault, American general and pilot (b. 1893)
  • 1960 – Julie Vinter Hansen, Danish-Swiss astronomer and academic (b. 1890)
  • 1962 – Richard Aldington, English poet and author (b. 1892)
  • 1962 – James H. Kindelberger, American pilot and businessman (b. 1895)
  • 1963 – Hooks Dauss, American baseball player (b. 1889)
  • 1963 – Garrett Morgan, African-American inventor (b. 1877)
  • 1964 – Winifred Lenihan, American actress, writer, and director (b. 1898)
  • 1965 – Daniel-Rops, French historian and author (b. 1901)
  • 1968 – Babe Adams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1882)
  • 1970 – António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese economist and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1889)
  • 1971 – Charlie Tully, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1924)
  • 1975 – Alfred Duraiappah, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (d. 1926)
  • 1978 – Bob Heffron, New Zealand-Australian miner and politician, 30th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1890)
  • 1978 – Willem van Otterloo, Dutch cellist, composer, and conductor (b. 1907)
  • 1980 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Iranian king (b. 1919)
  • 1981 – William Wyler, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1902)
  • 1984 – James Mason, English actor (b. 1909)
  • 1985 – Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball player and coach (b. 1889)
  • 1987 – Travis Jackson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1903)
  • 1988 – Frank Zamboni, American inventor and businessman, founded the Zamboni Company (b. 1901)
  • 1990 – Bobby Day, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1928)
  • 1990 – René Toribio, Guadeloupean politician (b. 1912)
  • 1991 – John Friedrich, German-Australian engineer and conman (b. 1950)
  • 1992 – Max Dupain, Australian photographer and educator (b. 1911)
  • 1992 – Tzeni Karezi, Greek actress and screenwriter
  • 1993 – Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (b. 1965)
  • 1994 – Kevin Carter, South African photographer and journalist (b. 1960)
  • 1995 – Melih Esenbel, Turkish politician and diplomat, 20th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1915)
  • 1995 – Rick Ferrell, American baseball player and coach (b. 1905)
  • 1995 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian-American composer and conductor (b. 1907)
  • 1998 – Binnie Barnes, English-American actress (b. 1903)
  • 1999 – Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov, Russian mathematician, physicist, and mountaineer (b. 1912)
  • 1999 – Harry Edison, American trumpet player (b. 1915)
  • 2000 – Gordon Solie, American sportscaster (b. 1929)
  • 2001 – Rhonda Sing, Canadian wrestler (b. 1961)
  • 2001 – Leon Wilkeson, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1952)
  • 2003 – Vance Hartke, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (b. 1919)
  • 2003 – Bob Hope, English-American actor, comedian, television personality, and businessman (b. 1903)
  • 2005 – Al Held, American painter and academic (b. 1928)
  • 2005 – Marten Toonder, Dutch author and illustrator (b. 1912)
  • 2006 – Maryann Mahaffey, American academic and politician (b. 1925)
  • 2007 – James Oyebola, Nigerian-English boxer (b. 1961)
  • 2008 – Youssef Chahine, Egyptian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
  • 2008 – Horst Stein, German-born Swiss conductor (b. 1928)
  • 2008 – Isaac Saba Raffoul, Mexican businessman (b. 1923)
  • 2010 – Maury Chaykin, American-Canadian actor (b. 1949)
  • 2010 – Jack Tatum, American football player (b. 1948)
  • 2012 – Norman Alden, American actor (b. 1924)
  • 2012 – R. G. Armstrong, American actor and playwright (b. 1917)
  • 2012 – Darryl Cotton, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1949)
  • 2012 – Geoffrey Hughes, English actor (b. 1944)
  • 2012 – Tony Martin, American actor and singer (b. 1913)
  • 2012 – Jack Taylor, English footballer and referee (b. 1930)
  • 2013 – Fernando Alonso, Cuban dancer, co-founded the Cuban National Ballet (b. 1914)
  • 2013 – Lindy Boggs, American politician and diplomat, 5th United States Ambassador to the Holy See (b. 1916)
  • 2013 – Bud Day, American colonel and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1925)
  • 2013 – Kidd Kraddick, American radio host (b. 1959)
  • 2013 – Ilya Segalovich, Russian businessman, co-founded Yandex (b. 1964)
  • 2014 – Richard Bolt, New Zealand air marshal and pilot (b. 1923)
  • 2014 – George Freese, American baseball player and coach (b. 1926)
  • 2014 – Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
  • 2014 – Francesco Marchisano, Italian cardinal (b. 1929)
  • 2014 – Paul Schell, American lawyer and politician, 50th Mayor of Seattle (b. 1937)
  • 2015 – Rickey Grundy, American singer-songwriter (b. 1959)
  • 2015 – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Indian engineer, academic, and politician, 11th President of India (b. 1931)
  • 2015 – Samuel Pisar, Polish-born American lawyer and author (b. 1929)
  • 2015 – Anthony Shaw, English general (b. 1930)
  • 2016 – Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer (b.1928)[8]
  • 2016 – James Alan McPherson, American short story writer and essayist (b. 1943)[9]
  • 2016 – Jerry Doyle, American actor and talk show host (b. 1956)[10]
  • 2016 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician and naval officer, Minister of Defence (1963–67), Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1967–71) (b. 1915)[11]
  • 2017 – Sam Shepard, American playwright, actor, author, screenwriter, and director (b.1943)[12]
  • 2018 – Marco Aurelio Denegri, Peruvian literature critic, television host and sexologist[13]
  • 2018 – Rahim Uddin Bharosha, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1934)

Holidays and observances on July 27

  • Christian feast day:
    • Arethas (Western Christianity)
    • Aurelius and Natalia and companions of the Martyrs of Córdoba.
    • Maurus, Pantalemon, and Sergius
    • Pantaleon
    • Seven Sleepers of Ephesus (Roman Martyrology)
      • National Sleepy Head Day (Finland)
    • Theobald of Marly
    • Blessed Titus Brandsma, O.Carm.
    • July 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Day of Victory in the Great Fatherland Liberation War (North Korea)
  • Iglesia ni Cristo Day (the Philippines)
  • José Celso Barbosa Day (Puerto Rico)
  • Martyrs and Wounded Soldiers Day (Vietnam)
  • National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day (United States)

June 22 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

On this day the Summer solstice may occur in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Winter solstice may occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

June 22 in History

  • 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
  • 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus who surrenders after the battle, ending the Third Macedonian War.
  • 813 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars led by Krum defeat the Byzantine army near Edirne. Emperor Michael I is forced to abdicate in favor of Leo V the Armenian.
  • 910 – The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army near the Rednitz River, killing its leader Gebhard, Duke of Lotharingia (Lorraine).
  • 1527 – Fatahillah expels Portuguese forces from Sunda Kelapa, now regarded as the foundation of Jakarta.
  • 1593 – Battle of Sisak: Allied Christian troops defeat the Ottomans.
  • 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe in the form he presented it in, after heated controversy.
  • 1774 – The British pass the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America.
  • 1783 – A poisonous cloud caused by the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France.
  • 1807 – In the Chesapeake–Leopard Affair, the British warship HMS Leopard attacks and boards the American frigate USS Chesapeake.
  • 1813 – War of 1812: After learning of American plans for a surprise attack on Beaver Dams in Ontario, Laura Secord sets out on a 30 kilometer journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon.
  • 1839 – Cherokee leaders Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot are assassinated for signing the Treaty of New Echota, which had resulted in the Trail of Tears.
  • 1870 – The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress.
  • 1893 – The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet’s commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon.
  • 1897 – British colonial officers Charles Walter Rand and Lt. Charles Egerton Ayerst are assassinated in Pune, Maharashtra, India by the Chapekar brothers and Mahadeo Vinayak Ranade, who are later caught and hanged.
  • 1898 – Spanish–American War: In a chaotic operation, 6,000 men of the U.S. Fifth Army Corps begins landing at Daiquirí, Cuba, about 16 miles (26 km) east of Santiago de Cuba. Lt. Gen. Arsenio Linares y Pombo of the Spanish Army outnumbers them two-to-one, but does not oppose the landings.
  • 1907 – The London Underground’s Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway opens.
  • 1911 – George V and Mary of Teck are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
  • 1911 – Mexican Revolution: Government forces bring an end to the Magonista rebellion of 1911 in the Second Battle of Tijuana.
  • 1918 – The Hammond Circus Train Wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana.
  • 1940 – World War II: France is forced to sign the Second Compiègne armistice with Germany, in the same railroad car in which the Germans signed the Armistice in 1918.
  • 1941 – World War II: Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa.
  • 1942 – World War II: Erwin Rommel is promoted to Field Marshal after the Axis capture of Tobruk.
  • 1942 – The Pledge of Allegiance is formally adopted by US Congress.
  • 1944 – World War II: Opening day of the Soviet Union’s Operation Bagration against the Army Group Centre.
  • 1944 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill.
  • 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa comes to an end.
  • 1948 – The ship HMT Empire Windrush brought the first group of 802 West Indian immigrants to Tilbury, marking the start of modern immigration to the United Kingdom.
  • 1948 – King George VI formally gives up the title “Emperor of India”, half a year after Britain actually gave up its rule of India.
  • 1965 – The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is signed.
  • 1969 – The Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland, Ohio, drawing national attention to water pollution, and spurring the passing of the Clean Water Act and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency.
  • 1978 – Charon, the first of Pluto’s satellites to be discovered, was first seen at the United States Naval Observatory by James W. Christy.
  • 1984 – Virgin Atlantic Airways launches with its first flight from London Gatwick Airport.
  • 1986 – The famous Hand of God goal, scored by Diego Maradona in the quarter-finals of the 1986 FIFA World Cup match between Argentina and England, ignites controversy. This was later followed by the Goal of the Century. Argentina wins 2–1 and later goes on to win the World Cup.
  • 1990 – Cold War: Checkpoint Charlie is dismantled in Berlin.
  • 2000 – Wuhan Airlines Flight 343 is struck by lightning and crashes into Wuhan’s Hanyang District, killing 49 people.
  • 2002 – An earthquake measuring 6.5 Mw strikes a region of northwestern Iran killing at least 261 people and injuring 1,300 others and eventually causing widespread public anger due to the slow official response.
  • 2009 – A Washington D.C Metro train traveling southbound near Fort Totten station collides into another train waiting to enter the station. Nine people are killed in the collision (eight passengers and the train operator) and at least 80 others are injured.
  • 2012 – Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo is removed from office by impeachment and succeeded by Federico Franco.
  • 2012 – A Turkish Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter plane is shot down by the Syrian Armed Forces, killing both of the plane’s pilots and worsening already-strained relations between Turkey and Syria.
  • 2015 – The Afghan National Assembly building is attacked by gunmen after a suicide bombing. All six of the gunmen are killed and 18 people are injured.

Births on June 22

  • 662 – Rui Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 716)
  • 916 – Sayf al-Dawla, founder of the Emirate of Aleppo (d. 967)
  • 1000 – Robert I, duke of Normandy (d. 1035)
  • 1373 – Elizabeth Bonifacia, heiress of Poland (d. 1399)
  • 1427 – Lucrezia Tornabuoni, Italian writer and wife of Piero di Cosimo de’ Medici (d. 1482)
  • 1450 – Eleanor of Naples, duchess of Ferrara (d. 1493)
  • 1477 – Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset, English nobleman (d. 1530)
  • 1593 – Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet, English politician and militarian (d. 1671)
  • 1680 – Ebenezer Erskine, Scottish minister and theologian (d. 1754)
  • 1684 – Francesco Manfredini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1762)
  • 1704 – John Taylor, English author and scholar (d. 1766)
  • 1713 – John Sackville, English cricketer and politician (d. 1765)
  • 1738 – Jacques Delille, French poet and translator (d. 1813)
  • 1757 – George Vancouver, English lieutenant and explorer (d. 1798)
  • 1763 – Étienne Méhul, French pianist and composer (d. 1817)
  • 1767 – Wilhelm von Humboldt, German philosopher, academic, and politician, Interior Minister of Prussia (d. 1835)
  • 1792 – James Beaumont Neilson, Scottish engineer and businessman (d. 1865)
  • 1805 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1872)
  • 1820 – James Hutchison Stirling, Scottish physician and philosopher (d. 1909)
  • 1834 – William Chester Minor, American surgeon and linguist (d. 1920)
  • 1837 – Paul Morphy, American chess player (d. 1884)
  • 1837 – Ernst Ziller, German-Greek architect, designed the Presidential Mansion (d. 1923)
  • 1844 – Oscar von Gebhardt, German theologian and academic (d. 1906)
  • 1845 – Tom Dula, American soldier (d. 1868)
  • 1845 – Richard Seddon, English-New Zealand politician, 15th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1906)
  • 1855 – Samuel Morris, Australian cricketer (d. 1931)
  • 1856 – Henry Rider Haggard, English novelist (d. 1925)
  • 1861 – Maximilian von Spee, Danish-German admiral (d. 1914)
  • 1864 – Hermann Minkowski, German mathematician and academic (d. 1909)
  • 1871 – William McDougall, English psychologist and polymath (d. 1938)
  • 1873 – Filippo Silvestri, Italian entomologist and academic (d. 1949)
  • 1874 – Walter Friedrich Otto, German philologist and scholar (d. 1958)
  • 1876 – Pascual Díaz y Barreto, Mexican archbishop (d. 1936)
  • 1879 – Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 9th Chief Justice of Canada (d. 1962)
  • 1880 – Johannes Drost, Dutch swimmer (d. 1954)
  • 1884 – James Rector, American sprinter and lawyer (d. 1949)
  • 1885 – Milan Vidmar, Slovenian engineer and chess player (d. 1962)
  • 1887 – Julian Huxley, English biologist and academic (d. 1975)
  • 1888 – Harold Hitz Burton, American lawyer and politician, 45th Mayor of Cleveland (d. 1964)
  • 1890 – Aleksander Warma, Estonian commander and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Estonia in exile (d. 1970)
  • 1891 – Franz Alexander, Hungarian psychoanalyst and physician (d. 1964)
  • 1892 – Robert Ritter von Greim, German general and pilot (d. 1945)
  • 1894 – Bernard Ashmole, English archaeologist and art historian (d. 1988)
  • 1896 – Leonard W. Murray, Canadian admiral (d. 1971)
  • 1897 – Edmund A. Chester, American journalist and broadcaster (d. 1973)
  • 1897 – Norbert Elias, German-Dutch sociologist and philosopher (d. 1990)
  • 1898 – Erich Maria Remarque, German-Swiss soldier and author (d. 1970)
  • 1899 – Richard Gurley Drew, American engineer, invented Masking tape (d. 1980)
  • 1899 – Michał Kalecki, Polish economist and academic (d. 1970)
  • 1900 – Oskar Fischinger, German-American abstract artist, filmmaker, and painter (d. 1967)
  • 1901 – Elias Katz, Finnish runner and coach (d. 1947)
  • 1902 – Marguerite De La Motte, American actress (d. 1950)
  • 1903 – John Dillinger, American criminal (d. 1934)
  • 1903 – Carl Hubbell, American baseball player (d. 1988)
  • 1906 – William Kneale, English logician and philosopher (d. 1990)
  • 1906 – Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American pilot and author (d. 2001)
  • 1906 – Billy Wilder, Austrian-born American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
  • 1907 – Eriks Ādamsons, Latvian writer, poet, and novelist (d. 1946)
  • 1909 – Katherine Dunham, American dancer and choreographer (d. 2006)
  • 1909 – Infanta Beatriz of Spain, Spanish aristocratic (d. 2002)
  • 1909 – Mike Todd, American producer and manager (d. 1958)
  • 1910 – John Hunt, Baron Hunt, Indian-English lieutenant and mountaineer (d. 1998)
  • 1910 – Anne Ziegler, English singer (d. 2003)
  • 1910 – Konrad Zuse, German computer scientist and engineer, invented the Z3 computer (d. 1995)
  • 1911 – Vernon Kirby, South African tennis player (d. 1994)
  • 1912 – Princess Caroline Mathilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1983)
  • 1912 – Raymonde Allain, French model and actress (d. 2008)
  • 1913 – Sándor Weöres, Hungarian poet and author (d. 1989)
  • 1914 – Mei Zhi, Chinese author and essayist (d. 2004)
  • 1915 – Dolf van der Linden, Dutch conductor and composer (d. 1999)
  • 1915 – Cornelius Warmerdam, American pole vaulter and coach (d. 2001)
  • 1915 – Randolph Hokanson, American pianist (d. 2018)
  • 1915 – Thomas Quinn Curtiss, American writer, and film and theatre critic (d. 2000)
  • 1916 – Johnny Jacobs, American television announcer (d. 1982)
  • 1916 – Richard Eastham, American actor (d. 2005)
  • 1916 – Emil Fackenheim, Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi (d. 2003)
  • 1918 – Cicely Saunders, English Anglican nurse, social worker, physician and writer (d. 2005)
  • 1919 – Gower Champion, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1980)
  • 1919 – Henri Tajfel, Polish social psychologist (d. 1982)
  • 1919 – Clifton McNeely, American basketball player and coach (d. 2003)
  • 1920 – James H. Pomerene, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 2008)
  • 1920 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician, 14th President of the Senate of the Philippines (d. 2016)
  • 1921 – Joseph Papp, American director and producer (d. 1991)
  • 1921 – Barbara Vucanovich, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
  • 1921 – Radovan Ivšić, Croatian writer (d. 2009)
  • 1921 – Barbara Perry, American actress (d. 2019)
  • 1922 – Bill Blass, American fashion designer, founded Bill Blass Group (d. 2002)
  • 1922 – Clair Cameron Patterson, American scientist (d. 1995)
  • 1923 – José Giovanni, French-Swiss director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
  • 1924 – Christopher Booth, English clinician and historian (d. 2012)
  • 1924 – Larkin Kerwin, Canadian physicist and academic (d. 2004)
  • 1926 – George Englund, American film editor, director, producer and actor (d. 2017)
  • 1926 – Rachid Solh, Lebanese politician, 48th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2014)
  • 1926 – Doreen Mantle, South African-English actress
  • 1927 – Anthony Low, Indian-English historian and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1928 – Ralph Waite, American actor and director (d. 2014)
  • 1929 – Bruce Kent, English activist and laicised Roman Catholic priest
  • 1930 – Yuri Artyukhin, Russian colonel, engineer, and astronaut (d. 1998)
  • 1930 – Walter Bonatti, Italian journalist and mountaineer (d. 2011)
  • 1931 – Ruby Garrard Woodson, American educator and cultural historian (d. 2008)
  • 1932 – Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari, Princess of Iran (d. 2001)
  • 1932 – Yevgeny Kychanov, Russian orientalist, historian, and academic (d. 2013)
  • 1932 – Amrish Puri, Indian actor (d. 2005)
  • 1932 – June Salter, Australian actress (d. 2001)
  • 1932 – Prunella Scales, English actress
  • 1932 – John Wakeham, Baron Wakeham, English businessman and politician, Leader of the House of Lords
  • 1933 – Dianne Feinstein, American politician
  • 1934 – James Bjorken, American physicist, author, and academic
  • 1936 – Kris Kristofferson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
  • 1936 – Ferran Olivella, Spanish footballer
  • 1936 – Hermeto Pascoal, Brazilian accordion player and composer
  • 1937 – Chris Blackwell, English record producer, co-founded Island Records
  • 1937 – Bernie McGann, Australian saxophonist and composer (d. 2013)
  • 1939 – Don Matthews, American-Canadian football player and coach (d. 2017)
  • 1939 – Ed Paschke, Polish-American painter and academic (d. 2004)
  • 1940 – Joan Busfield, English sociologist, psychologist, and academic
  • 1940 – Hubert Chesshyre, English historian and author
  • 1940 – Abbas Kiarostami, Iranian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
  • 1940 – Esther Rantzen, English journalist
  • 1941 – Ed Bradley, American journalist (d. 2006)
  • 1941 – Terttu Savola, Finnish journalist and politician
  • 1943 – Brit Hume, American journalist and author
  • 1943 – Klaus Maria Brandauer, Austrian actor and director
  • 1944 – Peter Asher, English singer, guitarist, and producer
  • 1944 – Helmut Dietl, German director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
  • 1945 – Rainer Brüderle, German economist and politician, German Minister of Economics and Technology
  • 1946 – Linda Bond, Canadian 19th General of The Salvation Army
  • 1946 – Sheila Hollins, Baroness Hollins, English psychiatrist and academic
  • 1946 – Eliades Ochoa, Cuban singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1946 – Józef Oleksy, Polish economist and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2015)
  • 1946 – Stephen Waley-Cohen, English journalist and businessman
  • 1947 – Octavia E. Butler, American author (d. 2006)
  • 1947 – Howard Kaylan, American pop-rock singer-songwriter and musician
  • 1947 – Pete Maravich, American basketball player (d. 1988)
  • 1947 – Jerry Rawlings, Ghanaian lieutenant and politician, President of Ghana
  • 1948 – James Charteris, 13th Earl of Wemyss, Scottish businessman
  • 1948 – Todd Rundgren, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1949 – Larry Junstrom, American bass player
  • 1949 – Brian Leveson, English lawyer and judge
  • 1949 – Alan Osmond, American singer and producer
  • 1949 – Meryl Streep, American actress and singer
  • 1949 – Luís Filipe Vieira, Portuguese businessman
  • 1949 – Lindsay Wagner, American actress
  • 1949 – Elizabeth Warren, American academic and politician
  • 1950 – Sharon Maughan, English actress
  • 1950 – Adrian Năstase, Romanian lawyer and politician, 59th Prime Minister of Romania
  • 1950 – Greg Oliphant, Australian rugby league player
  • 1950 – Zenonas Petrauskas, Lithuanian lawyer and politician (d. 2009)
  • 1950 – Tom Alter, Indian actor (d. 2017)
  • 1951 – Brian Cookson, British cyclist and sports administrator
  • 1951 – Craig Gruber, American bass player (d. 2015)
  • 1951 – Humphrey Ocean, English painter and academic
  • 1952 – Graham Greene, Canadian actor
  • 1952 – Santokh Singh, Malaysian football player
  • 1953 – Wim Eijk, Dutch cardinal
  • 1953 – Mauro Francaviglia, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 2013)
  • 1953 – Cyndi Lauper, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
  • 1953 – Bruce McAvaney, Australian journalist and sportscaster
  • 1954 – Freddie Prinze, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)
  • 1955 – Green Gartside, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1955 – Christine Orengo, British academic and educator
  • 1956 – Darryl Brohman, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
  • 1956 – Alfons De Wolf, Belgian cyclist
  • 1956 – Shah Mehmood Qureshi, Pakistani agriculturist and politician, 25th Pakistani Minister of Foreign Affairs
  • 1956 – Tim Russ, American actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1956 – Markus Schatte, German footballer, manager, and coach
  • 1956 – Derek Forbes, Scottish bass player and guitarist
  • 1957 – Danny Baker, English journalist and screenwriter
  • 1957 – Garry Gary Beers, Australian bass player, songwriter, and producer
  • 1957 – Kevin Bond, English footballer and manager
  • 1957 – Michael Stratton, English geneticist and academic
  • 1958 – Rocío Banquells, Mexican pop singer and actress
  • 1958 – Bruce Campbell, American actor, director, producer and writer
  • 1959 – Michael Kinane, Irish jockey
  • 1959 – Nicola Sirkis, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1959 – Daniel Xuereb, French footballer
  • 1960 – Erin Brockovich, American lawyer and environmentalist
  • 1960 – Margrit Klinger, German runner
  • 1960 – Tracy Pollan, American actress
  • 1961 – Jimmy Somerville, Scottish singer-songwriter
  • 1962 – Stephen Chow, Hong Kong actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1962 – Bobby Gillespie, Scottish musician and singer-songwriter
  • 1962 – Clyde Drexler, American basketball player and coach
  • 1962 – Gerald Hillringhaus, German footballer
  • 1963 – Hokutoumi Nobuyoshi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 61st Yokozuna
  • 1963 – John Tenta, Canadian-American wrestler (d. 2006)
  • 1964 – Cadillac Anderson, American basketball player
  • 1964 – Amy Brenneman, American actress
  • 1964 – Dan Brown, American author and academic
  • 1964 – Miroslav Kadlec, Czech footballer
  • 1965 – Uwe Boll, German director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1965 – Ľubomír Moravčík, Czech footballer and manager
  • 1966 – Michael Park, English racing driver (d. 2005)
  • 1966 – Emmanuelle Seigner, French actress
  • 1966 – Dean Woods, Australian cyclist
  • 1968 – Darrell Armstrong, American basketball player and coach
  • 1968 – Miri Yu, Zainichi, Korean novelist
  • 1971 – Gary Connolly, English rugby player
  • 1971 – Mary Lynn Rajskub, American actress and comedian
  • 1971 – Kurt Warner, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1972 – Damien Oliver, Australian jockey
  • 1973 – Carson Daly, American radio and television host
  • 1974 – Jo Cox, British MP (d. 2016)
  • 1974 – Vijay, Indian film actor in Tamil cinema
  • 1975 – Urmas Reinsalu, Estonian academic and politician, 28th Estonian Minister of Defence
  • 1978 – Champ Bailey, American football player
  • 1978 – Dan Wheldon, English racing driver (d. 2011)
  • 1979 – Joey Cheek, American speed skater
  • 1979 – Thomas Voeckler, French cyclist
  • 1980 – Ilya Bryzgalov, Russian ice hockey player
  • 1980 – Stephanie Jacobsen, Hong Kong-Australian actress
  • 1981 – Sione Lauaki, New Zealand rugby player
  • 1981 – Aquivaldo Mosquera, Colombian footballer
  • 1982 – Andoni Iraola, Spanish footballer
  • 1982 – Ian Kinsler, American baseball player
  • 1982 – Soraia Chaves, Portuguese actress and model
  • 1983 – Allar Raja, Estonian rower
  • 1984 – Dustin Johnson, American golfer
  • 1984 – Rubén Iván Martínez, Spanish footballer
  • 1984 – Jerome Taylor, Jamaican cricketer
  • 1984 – Janko Tipsarević, Serbian tennis player
  • 1985 – Thomas Leuluai, New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1987 – Danny Green, American basketball player
  • 1987 – Nikita Rukavytsya, Ukrainian-Australian footballer
  • 1988 – Omri Casspi, Israeli basketball player
  • 1989 – Cédric Mongongu, Congolese footballer
  • 1989 – Jung Yong-hwa, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor
  • 1990 – Sebastian Jung, German footballer
  • 1991 – Hugo Mallo, Spanish footballer
  • 1992 – Ura Kazuki, Japanese sumo wrestler
  • 1992 – Harry Reid, British actor
  • 1993 – Loris Karius, German footballer
  • 1994 – Sebastien Haller, French footballer
  • 1994 – Carlos Vinícius Santos de Jesus, Brazilian footballer
  • 1996 – Mikel Merino, Spanish footballer
  • 1999 – Sam Retford, Australian-English actor

Deaths on June 22

  • 431 – Paulinus of Nola, Christian bishop and poet (b. 354)
  • 910 – Gebhard, Frankish nobleman
  • 910 – Gerhard I, Frankish nobleman
  • 947 – Qian Hongzuo, king of Wuyue (b. 928)
  • 1017 – Leo Passianos, Byzantine general
  • 1101 – Roger I of Sicily, Norman nobleman (b. 1031)
  • 1276 – Innocent V, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1225)
  • 1343 – Aimone, Count of Savoy (b. 1291)
  • 1429 – Jamshīd al-Kāshī, Persian astronomer and mathematician (b. 1380)
  • 1521 – Leonardo Loredan, Italian politician, 76th Doge of Venice (b. 1436)
  • 1535 – John Fisher, English bishop and saint (b. 1469)
  • 1632 – James Whitelocke, English judge and politician, Chief Justice of Chester (b. 1570)
  • 1634 – Johann von Aldringen, Austrian field marshal (b. 1588)
  • 1664 – Katherine Philips, Anglo-Welsh poet (b. 1631)
  • 1699 – Josiah Child, English merchant, economist, and politician (b. 1630)
  • 1714 – Matthew Henry, Welsh minister and author (b. 1662)
  • 1766 – Carlo Zimech, Maltese priest and painter (b. 1696)
  • 1868 – Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader (b. 1801)
  • 1872 – Rudecindo Alvarado, Argentinian general (b. 1792)
  • 1874 – Howard Staunton, English chess player (b. 1810)
  • 1892 – Pierre Ossian Bonnet, French mathematician and academic (b. 1819)
  • 1894 – Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian archbishop and missionary (b. 1823)
  • 1905 – Francis Lubbock, American colonel and politician, 9th Governor of Texas (b. 1815)
  • 1913 – Ștefan Octavian Iosif, Romanian poet and translator (b. 1875)
  • 1925 – Felix Klein, German mathematician and academic (b. 1849)
  • 1928 – A. B. Frost, American illustrator and painter (b. 1851)
  • 1931 – Armand Fallières, French politician, 9th President of France (b. 1841)
  • 1933 – Tim Birkin, English racing driver and lieutenant (b. 1896)
  • 1935 – Szymon Askenazy, Polish historian and diplomat (b. 1866)
  • 1936 – Moritz Schlick, German-Austrian physicist and philosopher (b. 1882)
  • 1938 – C. J. Dennis, Australian poet and author (b. 1876)
  • 1940 – Monty Noble, Australian cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1873)
  • 1942 – August Froehlich, German priest and activist (b. 1891)
  • 1945 – Isamu Chō, Japanese general (b. 1895)
  • 1945 – Mitsuru Ushijima, Japanese general (b. 1887)
  • 1956 – Walter de la Mare, English poet, short story writer and novelist (b. 1873)
  • 1959 – Hermann Brill, German educator and politician, 8th Minister-President of Thuringia (b. 1895)
  • 1964 – Havank, Dutch journalist and author (b. 1904)
  • 1965 – David O. Selznick, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1902)
  • 1966 – Thaddeus Shideler, American hurdler (b. 1883)
  • 1969 – Judy Garland, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
  • 1970 – Đặng Thùy Trâm, Vietnamese surgeon and author (b. 1942)
  • 1974 – Darius Milhaud, French composer and educator (b. 1892)
  • 1977 – Jacqueline Audry, French director and screenwriter (b. 1908)
  • 1977 – Peter Laughner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Rocket From the Tombs and Pere Ubu) (b. 1952)
  • 1979 – Louis Chiron, Monégasque race car driver (b. 1899)
  • 1984 – Joseph Losey, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1909)
  • 1987 – Fred Astaire, American actor and dancer (b. 1899)
  • 1988 – Dennis Day, American singer and actor (b. 1916)
  • 1990 – Ilya Frank, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1908)
  • 1993 – Pat Nixon, American educator, 37th First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)
  • 1995 – Leonid Derbenyov, Russian poet and songwriter (b. 1931)
  • 1995 – Al Hansen, American sculptor and author (b. 1927)
  • 1997 – Ted Gärdestad, Swedish singer-songwriter (b. 1956)
  • 1997 – Gérard Pelletier, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1919)
  • 2003 – Vasil Bykaŭ, Belarusian war novelist (b. 1924)
  • 2004 – Bob Bemer, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1920)
  • 2004 – Mattie Stepanek, American poet and author (b. 1990)
  • 2007 – Erik Parlevliet, Dutch field hockey player (b. 1964)
  • 2008 – Natalia Bekhtereva, Russian neuroscientist and psychologist (b. 1924)
  • 2008 – George Carlin, American comedian, actor, and author (b. 1937)
  • 2008 – Dody Goodman, American actress and dancer (b. 1914)
  • 2011 – Coşkun Özarı, Turkish footballer and coach (b. 1931)
  • 2012 – Juan Luis Galiardo, Spanish actor and producer (b. 1922)
  • 2013 – Henning Larsen, Danish architect, designed the Copenhagen Opera House (b. 1925)
  • 2013 – Allan Simonsen, Danish race car driver (b. 1978)
  • 2014 – Fouad Ajami, Lebanese-American author and academic (b. 1945)
  • 2014 – Rama Narayanan, Indian director and producer (b. 1949)
  • 2015 – James Horner, American composer and conductor (b. 1953)
  • 2017 – Mao Kobayashi, Japanese newscaster and actress (b. 1982)
  • 2017 – Quett Masire, Botswanan politician (b. 1926)
  • 2018 – Vinnie Paul, American musician (b. 1964)

Holidays and observances on June 22

  • Christian feast day:
    • Aaron of Aleth
    • Alban, first recorded Martyr in Britain (commemoration, Anglicanism)
    • Blessed Pope Innocent V
    • Eusebius of Samosata (Orthodox Church)
    • John Fisher (Catholic Church)
    • Nicetas of Remesiana
    • Paulinus of Nola
    • Thomas More (Catholic Church)
    • June 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Anti-Fascist Struggle Day (Croatia)
  • Day of Remembrance of the Victims of the Great Patriotic War (Belarus)
  • Father’s Day (Guernsey, Isle of Man, and Jersey)
  • Teachers’ Day (El Salvador)

March 1 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

March 1 in History

  • 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
  • 86 BC – Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus ending the Siege of Athens and Piraeus.
  • 293 – Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi (“Four Rulers of the World”).
  • 317 – Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius Iunior, son of Emperor Licinius, are made Caesares.
  • 350 – Vetranio is asked by Constantina, sister of Constantius II, to proclaim himself Caesar.
  • 834 – Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire. After his re-accession to the throne, his eldest son Lothair I flees to Burgundy.
  • 1457 – The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination.
  • 1476 – Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.
  • 1562 – Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.
  • 1565 – The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded.
  • 1628 – Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.
  • 1633 – Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.
  • 1642 – Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine), becomes the first incorporated city in the United States.
  • 1692 – Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.
  • 1700 – Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to gradually merge into the Gregorian calendar, reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and introduces the Gregorian calendar on this date in 1753.
  • 1713 – The siege and destruction of Fort Neoheroka begins during the Tuscarora War in North Carolina, effectively opening up the colony’s interior to European colonization.
  • 1781 – The Articles of Confederation goes into effect in the United States.
  • 1790 – The first United States census is authorized.
  • 1793 – French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.
  • 1796 – The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.
  • 1803 – Ohio becomes the 17th state of The United States.
  • 1805 – Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.
  • 1811 – Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.
  • 1815 – Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba.
  • 1815 – Georgetown University’s congressional charter is signed into law by President James Madison.
  • 1836 – A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
  • 1845 – United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
  • 1852 – Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton, is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
  • 1854 – German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near Charlottenburg.
  • 1867 – Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
  • 1868 – The Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia.
  • 1870 – Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
  • 1872 – Yellowstone National Park is established as the world’s first national park.
  • 1873 – E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York begins production of the first practical typewriter.
  • 1881 – The first Minnesota State Capitol burns down.
  • 1886 – The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
  • 1893 – Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
  • 1896 – Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
  • 1896 – Henri Becquerel discovers radioactive decay.
  • 1901 – The Australian Army is formed.
  • 1910 – The deadliest avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.
  • 1914 – The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
  • 1917 – The Zimmermann Telegram is reprinted in newspapers across the United States after the U.S. government releases its unencrypted text.
  • 1919 – March 1st Movement begins in Korea under Japanese rule.
  • 1921 – The Australian cricket team captained by Warwick Armstrong becomes the first team to complete a whitewash of The Ashes, something that would not be repeated for 86 years.
  • 1921 – Following mass protests in Petrograd demanding greater freedom in the RSFSR, the Kronstadt rebellion began, with sailors and citizens taking up arms against the Bolsheviks.
  • 1932 – Charles Lindbergh’s son is kidnapped.
  • 1936 – The Hoover Dam is completed.
  • 1939 – An Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94.
  • 1941 – World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.
  • 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces land on Java, the main island of the Dutch East Indies, at Merak and Banten Bay (Banten), Eretan Wetan (Indramayu) and Kragan (Rembang).
  • 1946 – The Bank of England is nationalised.
  • 1947 – The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.
  • 1949 – Indonesian Army recaptures and occupies for six hours its capital city Yogyakarta from the Dutch.
  • 1950 – Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data.
  • 1953 – Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.
  • 1954 – Nuclear weapons testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
  • 1954 – Armed Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.
  • 1956 – The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.
  • 1956 – Formation of the East German Nationale Volksarmee.
  • 1958 – Samuel Alphonsus Stritch is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first U.S. member of the Roman Curia.
  • 1961 – United States President John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.
  • 1961 – Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.
  • 1964 – Villarrica Volcano begins a strombolian eruption causing lahars that destroy half of the town of Coñaripe.
  • 1966 – Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet’s surface.
  • 1966 – The Ba’ath Party takes power in Syria.
  • 1971 – President of Pakistan Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
  • 1972 – The Thai province of Yasothon is created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani Province.
  • 1973 – Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.
  • 1974 – Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
  • 1981 – Provisional Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands begins his hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.
  • 1983 – First collection of twelve Swatch models was introduced in Zürich, Switzerland.
  • 1990 – Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
  • 1991 – Uprisings against Saddam Hussein begin in Iraq, leading to the death of more than 25,000 people mostly civilian.
  • 1992 – Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
  • 1998 – Titanic became the first film to gross over $1 billion worldwide.
  • 2002 – U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.
  • 2002 – The Envisat environmental satellite successfully launches aboard an Ariane 5 rocket to reach an orbit of 800 km (500 mi) above the Earth, which was the then-largest payload at 10.5 m long and with a diameter of 4.57 m.
  • 2003 – Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service move to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
  • 2003 – The International Criminal Court holds its inaugural session in The Hague.
  • 2005 – In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the execution of juveniles found guilty of murder is unconstitutional.
  • 2006 – English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.
  • 2007 – Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20 people, including eight at Enterprise High School.
  • 2008 – The Armenian police clash with peaceful opposition rally protesting against allegedly fraudulent presidential elections, as a result ten people are killed.
  • 2014 – Thirty-five people are killed and 143 injured in a mass stabbing at Kunming Railway Station in China.

Births on March 1

  • 1105 – Alfonso VII, king of León and Castile (d. 1157)
  • 1261 – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester (d. 1326)
  • 1389 – Antoninus of Florence, Italian archbishop and saint (d. 1459)
  • 1432 – Isabella of Coimbra (d. 1455)
  • 1456 – Vladislaus II of Hungary (d. 1516)
  • 1547 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher and lexicographer (d. 1628)
  • 1554 – William Stafford, English courtier and conspirator (d. 1612)
  • 1577 – Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1635)
  • 1597 – Jean-Charles della Faille, Flemish priest and mathematician (d. 1652)
  • 1611 – John Pell, English mathematician and linguist (d. 1685)
  • 1629 – Abraham Teniers, Flemish painter (d. 1670)
  • 1647 – John de Brito, Portuguese Jesuit missionary and martyr (d. 1693)
  • 1657 – Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian and author (d. 1740)
  • 1683 – Tsangyang Gyatso, sixth Dalai Lama (d. 1706)
  • 1683 – Caroline of Ansbach, British queen and regent (d. 1737)
  • 1732 – William Cushing, American lawyer and judge (d. 1810)
  • 1760 – François Buzot, French lawyer and politician (d. 1794)
  • 1769 – François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, French general (d. 1796)
  • 1807 – Wilford Woodruff, American religious leader, 4th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1898)
  • 1810 – Frédéric Chopin, Polish pianist and composer (d. 1849)
  • 1812 – Augustus Pugin, English architect, co-designed the Palace of Westminster (d. 1852)
  • 1817 – Giovanni Duprè, Italian sculptor and educator (d. 1882)
  • 1821 – Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German bishop and academic (d. 1896)
  • 1835 – Philip Fysh, English-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1919)
  • 1837 – William Dean Howells, American novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1920)
  • 1842 – Nikolaos Gyzis, Greek painter and academic (d. 1901)
  • 1848 – Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Irish-American sculptor and academic (d. 1907)
  • 1852 – Théophile Delcassé, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1923)
  • 1863 – Alexander Golovin, Russian painter and set designer (d. 1930)
  • 1870 – E. M. Antoniadi, Greek-French astronomer and academic (d. 1944)
  • 1876 – Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian businessman (d. 1942)
  • 1880 – Lytton Strachey, British writer and critic (d. 1932)
  • 1886 – Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian-Swiss painter, poet, and playwright (d. 1980)
  • 1888 – Ewart Astill, English cricketer and billiards player (d. 1948)
  • 1888 – Fanny Walden, English cricketer and umpire, international footballer, outside right (d. 1949)
  • 1889 – Tetsuro Watsuji, Japanese historian and philosopher (d. 1960)
  • 1890 – Theresa Bernstein, Polish-American painter and author (d. 2002)
  • 1891 – Ralph Hitz, Austrian-American hotelier (d. 1940)
  • 1892 – Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese author and educator (d. 1927)
  • 1893 – Mercedes de Acosta, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1968)
  • 1896 – Dimitri Mitropoulos, Greek pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1960)
  • 1896 – Moriz Seeler, German playwright and producer (d. 1942)
  • 1899 – Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, German SS officer (d. 1972)
  • 1904 – Paul Hartman, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1973)
  • 1904 – Glenn Miller, American trombonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1944)
  • 1905 – Doris Hare, Welsh-English actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2000)
  • 1906 – Phạm Văn Đồng, Vietnamese lieutenant and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Vietnam (d. 2000)
  • 1909 – Eugene Esmonde, English lieutenant and pilot (d. 1942)
  • 1909 – Winston Sharples, American pianist and composer (d. 1978)
  • 1910 – Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
  • 1910 – David Niven, English soldier and actor (d. 1983)
  • 1912 – Gerald Emmett Carter, Canadian cardinal (d. 2003)
  • 1912 – Boris Chertok, Polish-Russian engineer and academic (d. 2011)
  • 1914 – Harry Caray, American sportscaster (d. 1998)
  • 1914 – Ralph Ellison, American novelist and literary critic (d. 1994)
  • 1917 – Robert Lowell, American poet (d. 1977)
  • 1918 – João Goulart, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 24th President of Brazil (d. 1976)
  • 1918 – Gladys Spellman, American educator and politician (d. 1988)
  • 1920 – Max Bentley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1984)
  • 1921 – Cameron Argetsinger, American race car driver and lawyer (d. 2008)
  • 1921 – Terence Cooke, American cardinal (d. 1983)
  • 1921 – Richard Wilbur, American poet, translator, and essayist (d. 2017)
  • 1922 – William Gaines, American publisher (d. 1992)
  • 1922 – Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli general and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Israel, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
  • 1924 – Arnold Drake, American author and screenwriter (d. 2007)
  • 1924 – Deke Slayton, American soldier, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1993)
  • 1926 – Robert Clary, French-American actor and author
  • 1926 – Cesare Danova, Italian-American actor (d. 1992)
  • 1926 – Pete Rozelle, American businessman and commissioner of the National Football League (d. 1996)
  • 1926 – Allan Stanley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2013)
  • 1927 – George O. Abell, American astronomer, professor at UCLA, science popularizer, and skeptic (d. 1983)
  • 1927 – Harry Belafonte, American singer-songwriter and actor
  • 1927 – Robert Bork, American lawyer and scholar, United States Attorney General (d. 2012)
  • 1928 – Jacques Rivette, French director, screenwriter, and critic (d. 2016)
  • 1929 – Georgi Markov, Bulgarian journalist and author (d. 1978)
  • 1930 – Gastone Nencini, Italian cyclist (d. 1980)
  • 1934 – Jean-Michel Folon, Belgian painter and sculptor (d. 2005)
  • 1934 – Joan Hackett, American actress (d. 1983)
  • 1935 – Robert Conrad, American actor, radio host and stuntman (d. 2020)
  • 1936 – Jean-Edern Hallier, French author (d. 1997)
  • 1939 – Leo Brouwer, Cuban guitarist, composer, and conductor
  • 1939 – Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Pakistani author
  • 1940 – Robin Gray, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Tasmania
  • 1940 – Robert Grossman, American painter, sculptor, and author (d. 2018)
  • 1941 – Robert Hass, American poet
  • 1942 – Richard Myers, American general
  • 1943 – Gil Amelio, American businessman
  • 1943 – José Ángel Iribar, Spanish footballer and manager
  • 1943 – Rashid Sunyaev, Russian-German astronomer and physicist
  • 1944 – Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of West Bengal
  • 1944 – John Breaux, American lawyer and politician
  • 1944 – Roger Daltrey, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
  • 1944 – Mike d’Abo, English singer
  • 1945 – Dirk Benedict, American actor and director
  • 1946 – Gerry Boulet, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
  • 1946 – Jim Crace, English author and academic
  • 1947 – Alan Thicke, Canadian-American actor and composer (d. 2016)
  • 1951 – Sergei Kourdakov, Russian-American KGB agent (d. 1973)
  • 1952 – Dave Barr, Canadian golfer
  • 1952 – Nevada Barr, American actress and author
  • 1952 – Leigh Matthews, Australian footballer, coach, and sportscaster
  • 1952 – Jerri Nielsen, American physician and explorer (d. 2009)
  • 1952 – Martin O’Neill, Northern Irish footballer and manager
  • 1953 – Sinan Çetin, Turkish actor, director, and producer
  • 1953 – Carlos Queiroz, Portuguese footballer and manager
  • 1954 – Catherine Bach, American actress
  • 1954 – Ron Howard, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1954 – Rod Reddy, Australian rugby league player and coach
  • 1956 – Tim Daly, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1956 – Dalia Grybauskaitė, Lithuanian politician, 6th President of Lithuania
  • 1958 – Nik Kershaw, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1958 – Wayne B. Phillips, Australian cricketer and coach
  • 1959 – Nick Griffin, English politician
  • 1961 – Mike Rozier, American football player
  • 1962 – Russell Coutts, New Zealand sailor
  • 1962 – Mark Gardner, American baseball player
  • 1962 – Bill Leen, American bass player and producer
  • 1963 – Bryan Batt, American actor and singer
  • 1963 – Maurice Benard, American actor
  • 1963 – Ron Francis, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
  • 1964 – Clinton Gregory, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
  • 1964 – Paul Le Guen, French footballer and manager
  • 1965 – Booker T, American wrestler and sportscaster
  • 1965 – Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey
  • 1966 – Paul Hollywood, English chef
  • 1966 – Zack Snyder, American director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1967 – George Eads, American actor
  • 1967 – Aron Winter, Suriname-Dutch footballer and manager
  • 1969 – Javier Bardem, Spanish actor and producer
  • 1970 – Jason V Brock, American author, filmmaker, artist, scholar and musician
  • 1971 – Thomas Adès, English pianist, composer, and conductor
  • 1971 – Ivan Cleary, Australian rugby league player and coach
  • 1973 – Jack Davenport, English actor
  • 1973 – Anton Gunn, American academic and politician
  • 1973 – Chris Webber, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1974 – Mark-Paul Gosselaar, American actor
  • 1976 – Travis Kvapil, American race car driver
  • 1977 – Rens Blom, Dutch pole vaulter
  • 1977 – Esther Cañadas, Spanish actress and model
  • 1978 – Jensen Ackles, American actor and director
  • 1979 – Mikkel Kessler, Danish boxer
  • 1979 – Bruno Langlois, Canadian cyclist
  • 1980 – Shahid Afridi, Pakistani cricketer
  • 1980 – Abhay K, Indian poet and diplomat
  • 1980 – Sercan Güvenışık, German-Turkish footballer
  • 1980 – Djimi Traoré, Malian footballer
  • 1981 – Will Power, Australian race car driver
  • 1982 – Juan Manuel Ortiz, Spanish footballer
  • 1983 – Daniel Carvalho, Brazilian footballer
  • 1983 – Lupita Nyong’o, Mexican-Kenyan actress
  • 1983 – Davey Richards, American wrestler
  • 1983 – Anthony Tupou, Australian rugby league player
  • 1984 – Naima Mora, American model and actress
  • 1984 – Alexander Steen, Canadian-Swedish ice hockey player
  • 1985 – Andreas Ottl, German footballer
  • 1986 – Big E, American wrestler
  • 1987 – Kesha, American singer-songwriter and actress
  • 1988 – Yang Hyeon-jong, South Korean baseball player
  • 1989 – Tenille Tayla, Australian professional wrestler
  • 1989 – Carlos Vela, Mexican footballer
  • 1992 – Tom Walsh, New Zealand athlete
  • 1993 – Nathan Brown, Australian rugby league player
  • 1993 – Michael Conforto, American baseball player
  • 1993 – Kurt Mann, Australian rugby league player
  • 1993 – Josh McEachran, English footballer
  • 1994 – Justin Bieber, Canadian singer-songwriter
  • 1994 – Tyreek Hill, American football player
  • 1996 – Lizzie Arnot, Scottish footballer
  • 1999 – Brogan Hay, Scottish footballer

Deaths on March 1

  • 492 – Felix III, pope of the Catholic Church
  • 589 – David, Welsh bishop and saint
  • 965 – Leo VIII, pope of the Catholic Church
  • 977 – Rudesind, Galician bishop (b. 907)
  • 991 – En’yū, Japanese emperor (b. 959)
  • 1058 – Ermesinde of Carcassonne, countess and regent of Barcelona (b. 972)
  • 1131 – Stephen II, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1101)
  • 1233 – Thomas, count of Savoy (b. 1178)
  • 1244 – Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr, Welsh noble, son of Llywelyn the Great (b. 1200)
  • 1320 – Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan, Chinese emperor (b. 1286)
  • 1383 – Amadeus VI, count of Savoy (b. 1334)
  • 1510 – Francisco de Almeida, Portuguese soldier and explorer (b. 1450)
  • 1546 – George Wishart, Scottish minister and martyr (b. 1513)
  • 1620 – Thomas Campion, English poet and composer (b. 1567)
  • 1633 – George Herbert, English poet and orator (b. 1593)
  • 1643 – Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian pianist and composer (b. 1583)
  • 1661 – Richard Zouch, English judge and politician (b. 1590)
  • 1666 – Ecaterina Cercheza, princess consort of Moldavia (b. 1620)
  • 1697 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician and poet (b. 1626)
  • 1734 – Roger North, English lawyer and author (b. 1653)
  • 1768 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and author (b. 1694)
  • 1773 – Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect, designed the Palace of Caserta (b. 1700)
  • 1792 – Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1747)
  • 1792 – Angelo Emo, Venetian admiral and statesman (b. 1731)1841 – Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (b. 1764)
  • 1862 – Peter Barlow, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
  • 1875 – Tristan Corbière, French poet and educator (b. 1845)
  • 1882 – Theodor Kullak, German pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1818)
  • 1884 – Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician and academic (b. 1820)
  • 1906 – José María de Pereda, Spanish author (b. 1833)
  • 1911 – Jacobus Henricus van ‘t Hoff, Dutch-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
  • 1914 – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, English soldier and politician, 8th Governor General of Canada (b. 1845)
  • 1920 – John H. Bankhead, American lawyer and politician (b. 1842)
  • 1922 – Pichichi, Spanish footballer (b. 1892)
  • 1932 – Frank Teschemacher, American Jazz musician (b. 1906)
  • 1936 – Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian author and poet (b. 1871)
  • 1938 – Gabriele D’Annunzio, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1863)
  • 1940 – Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian author (b. 1878)
  • 1942 – George S. Rentz, American commander (b. 1882)
  • 1943 – Alexandre Yersin, Swiss-French physician and bacteriologist (b. 1863)
  • 1952 – Mariano Azuela, Mexican physician and author (b. 1873)
  • 1966 – Fritz Houtermans, Polish-German physicist and academic (b. 1903)
  • 1974 – Bobby Timmons, American pianist and composer (b. 1935)
  • 1976 – Jean Martinon, French conductor and composer (b. 1910)
  • 1978 – Paul Scott, English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1920)
  • 1979 – Mustafa Barzani, Iraqi-Kurdistan politician (b. 1903)
  • 1980 – Wilhelmina Cooper, Dutch-American model and businesswoman, founded Wilhelmina Models (b. 1940)
  • 1980 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (b. 1907)
  • 1983 – Arthur Koestler, Hungarian-English journalist and author (b. 1905)
  • 1984 – Jackie Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)
  • 1988 – Joe Besser, American comedian and actor (b. 1907)
  • 1989 – Vasantdada Patil, Indian politician, 5th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1917)
  • 1991 – Edwin H. Land, American scientist and businessman, co-founded the Polaroid Corporation (b. 1909)
  • 1995 – César Rodríguez Álvarez, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1920)
  • 1995 – Georges J. F. Köhler, German biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1946)
  • 1998 – Archie Goodwin, American author and illustrator (b. 1937)
  • 2004 – Mian Ghulam Jilani, Pakistani general (b. 1914)
  • 2006 – Peter Osgood, English footballer (b. 1947)
  • 2006 – Jack Wild, English actor (b.1952)
  • 2010 – Kristian Digby, English television host and director (b. 1977)
  • 2012 – Andrew Breitbart, American journalist and publisher (b. 1969)
  • 2012 – Germano Mosconi, Italian journalist (b. 1932)
  • 2013 – Bonnie Franklin, American actress, dancer, and singer (b. 1944)
  • 2014 – Alain Resnais, French director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
  • 2015 – Minnie Miñoso, Cuban-American baseball player and coach (b. 1922)
  • 2018 – María Rubio, Mexican television, film and stage actress (b. 1934)
  • 2019 – Mike Willesee, Australian journalist and producer (b. 1942)

Holidays and observances on March 1

  • Beer Day, marked the end of beer prohibition in 1989 (Iceland)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Agnes Tsao Kou Ying (one of the Martyr Saints of China)
    • Albin
    • David
    • Eudokia of Heliopolis
    • Pope Felix III
    • Leoluca
    • Luperculus
    • Monan
    • Rudesind
    • Suitbert
    • March 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Commemoration of Mustafa Barzani’s Death (Iraqi Kurdistan)
  • Earliest day on which Casimir Pulaski Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in March. (Illinois)
  • Earliest day on which Children’s Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday in March. (New Zealand)
  • Earliest day on which Grandmother’s Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in March. (France)
  • Earliest day on which Laetare Sunday can fall, while April 4 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Sunday of Lent. (Western Christianity), and its related observances:
    • Carnaval de la Laetare (Stavelot)
    • Mothering Sunday (United Kingdom)
  • Heroes’ Day (Paraguay)
  • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.
  • National “Cursed Soldiers” Remembrance Day (Poland)
  • National Pig Day (United States)
  • Remembrance Day (Marshall Islands)
  • Saint David’s Day or Dydd Gŵyl Dewi Sant (Wales and Welsh communities)
  • Samiljeol (South Korea)
  • Self-injury Awareness Day
  • Southeastern Europe celebration of the beginning of spring:
    • Baba Marta Day (Bulgaria)
    • Mărțișor (Romania and Moldova)
  • The final day (fourth or fifth) of Ayyám-i-Há (Bahá’í Faith)
  • World Civil Defence Day
  • Yap Day (Yap State)
  • Zero Discrimination Day

February 12 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 1429 – English forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orléans in the Battle of the Herrings.
  • 1502 – Isabella I issues an edict outlawing Islam in the Crown of Castile, forcing virtually all her Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity.
  • 1541 – Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia.
  • 1593 – Japanese invasion of Korea: Approximately 3,000 Joseon defenders led by general Kwon Yul successfully repel more than 30,000 Japanese forces in the Siege of Haengju.
  • 1689 – The Convention Parliament declares that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Roman Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.
  • 1733 – Georgia Day: Englishman James Oglethorpe founds Georgia, the 13th colony of the Thirteen Colonies, by settling at Savannah.
  • 1771 – Gustav III becomes the King of Sweden.
  • 1817 – An Argentine/Chilean patriotic army, after crossing the Andes, defeats Spanish troops at the Battle of Chacabuco.
  • 1818 – Bernardo O’Higgins formally approves the Chilean Declaration of Independence near Concepción, Chile.
  • 1825 – The Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia to the United States government by the Treaty of Indian Springs, and migrate west.
  • 1832 – Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.
  • 1855 – Michigan State University is established.
  • 1894 – Anarchist Émile Henry hurls a bomb into the Cafe Terminus in Paris, killing one person and wounding 20.
  • 1909 – The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded.
  • 1909 – New Zealand’s worst maritime disaster of the 20th century happens when the SS Penguin, an inter-island ferry, sinks and explodes at the entrance to Wellington Harbour.
  • 1912 – The Xuantong Emperor, the last Emperor of China, abdicates.
  • 1915 – In Washington, D.C., the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
  • 1921 – Bolsheviks launch a revolt in Georgia as a preliminary to the Red Army invasion of Georgia.
  • 1924 – George Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue received its premiere in a concert titled “An Experiment in Modern Music”, in Aeolian Hall, New York, by Paul Whiteman and his band, with Gershwin playing the piano.
  • 1935 – USS Macon, one of the two largest helium-filled airships ever created, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California and sinks.
  • 1946 – World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
  • 1946 – African American United States Army veteran Isaac Woodard is severely beaten by a South Carolina police officer to the point where he loses his vision in both eyes. The incident later galvanizes the civil rights movement and partially inspires Orson Welles’ film Touch of Evil.
  • 1947 – The largest observed iron meteorite until that time creates an impact crater in Sikhote-Alin, in the Soviet Union.
  • 1947 – Christian Dior unveils a “New Look”, helping Paris regain its position as the capital of the fashion world.
  • 1961 – The Soviet Union launches Venera 1 towards Venus.
  • 1963 – Construction begins on the Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri.
  • 1965 – Malcolm X visits Smethwick in Birmingham following the racially-charged 1964 United Kingdom general election.
  • 1968 – Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre.
  • 1974 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1970, is exiled from the Soviet Union.
  • 1983 – One hundred women protest in Lahore, Pakistan against military dictator Zia-ul-Haq’s proposed Law of Evidence. The women were tear-gassed, baton-charged and thrown into lock-up. The women were successful in repealing the law.
  • 1988 – Cold War: The 1988 Black Sea bumping incident: The U.S. missile cruiser USS Yorktown (CG-48) is intentionally rammed by the Soviet frigate Bezzavetnyy in the Soviet territorial waters, while Yorktown claims innocent passage.
  • 1990 – Carmen Lawrence becomes the first female Premier in Australian history when she becomes Premier of Western Australia.
  • 1992 – The current Constitution of Mongolia comes into effect.
  • 1993 – Two-year-old James Bulger is abducted from New Strand Shopping Centre by two ten-year-old boys, who later torture and murder him.
  • 1994 – Four thieves break into the National Gallery of Norway and steal Edvard Munch’s iconic painting The Scream.
  • 1999 – United States President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial.
  • 2001 – NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touches down in the “saddle” region of 433 Eros, becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
  • 2002 – The trial of Slobodan Milošević, the former President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, begins at the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague, Netherlands. He dies four years later before its conclusion.
  • 2002 – An Iran Airtour Tupolev Tu-154 crashes in the mountains outside Khorramabad, Iran while descending for a landing at Khorramabad Airport, killing 119.
  • 2004 – The city of San Francisco begins issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in response to a directive from Mayor Gavin Newsom.
  • 2009 – Colgan Air Flight 3407 crashes into a house in Clarence Center, New York while on approach to Buffalo Niagara International Airport, killing all on board and one on the ground.
  • 2016 – Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill sign an Ecumenical Declaration in the first such meeting between leaders of the Catholic and Russian Orthodox Churches since their split in 1054.
  • 2019 – The country known as the Republic of Macedonia renames itself the Republic of North Macedonia in accordance with the Prespa agreement, settling a long-standing naming dispute with Greece.

Births on February 12

  • AD 41 – Britannicus, Roman son of Claudius (d. 55)
  • 528 – Daughter of Emperor Xiaoming of Northern Wei, nominal empress regnant of Northern Wei
  • 661 – Princess Ōku of Japan (d. 702)
  • 1074 – Conrad II of Italy (d. 1101)
  • 1218 – Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shōgun (d. 1256)
  • 1322 – John Henry, Margrave of Moravia (d. 1375)
  • 1443 – Giovanni II Bentivoglio, Italian noble (d. 1508)
  • 1480 – Frederick II of Legnica, Duke of Legnica (d. 1547)
  • 1540 – Won Gyun, Korean general and admiral (d. 1597)
  • 1567 – Thomas Campion, English composer, poet, and physician (d. 1620)
  • 1584 – Caspar Barlaeus, Dutch historian, poet, and theologian (d. 1648)
  • 1602 – Michelangelo Cerquozzi, Italian painter (d. 1660)
  • 1606 – John Winthrop the Younger, English-American lawyer and politician, Governor of Connecticut (d. 1676)
  • 1608 – Daniello Bartoli, Italian Jesuit priest (d. 1685)
  • 1637 – Jan Swammerdam, Dutch biologist and zoologist (d. 1680)
  • 1663 – Cotton Mather, English-American minister and author (d. 1728)
  • 1665 – Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (d. 1721)
  • 1704 – Charles Pinot Duclos, French author (d. 1772)
  • 1706 – Johann Joseph Christian, German Baroque sculptor and woodcarver (d. 1777)
  • 1728 – Étienne-Louis Boullée, French architect (d. 1799)
  • 1753 – François-Paul Brueys d’Aigalliers, French admiral (d. 1798)
  • 1761 – Jan Ladislav Dussek, Czech pianist and composer (d. 1812)
  • 1768 – Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1835)
  • 1775 – Louisa Adams, English-American wife of John Quincy Adams, 6th First Lady of the United States (d. 1852)
  • 1777 – Bernard Courtois, French chemist and academic (d. 1838)
  • 1777 – Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué, German author and poet (d. 1843)
  • 1785 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist and chemist (d. 1838)
  • 1787 – Norbert Provencher, Canadian bishop and missionary (d. 1853)
  • 1788 – Carl Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (d. 1869)
  • 1791 – Peter Cooper, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Cooper Union (d. 1883)
  • 1794 – Alexander Petrov, Russian chess player and composer (d. 1867)
  • 1794 – Valentín Canalizo, Mexican general and politician. 14th President (1843-1844) (d. 1850)
  • 1804 – Heinrich Lenz, German-Italian physicist and academic (d. 1865)
  • 1809 – Charles Darwin, English geologist and theorist (d. 1882)
  • 1809 – Abraham Lincoln, American lawyer and politician, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
  • 1819 – William Wetmore Story, American sculptor, architect, poet and editor
  • 1824 – Dayananda Saraswati, Indian monk and philosopher, founded Arya Samaj (d. 1883)
  • 1828 – George Meredith, English novelist and poet (d. 1909)
  • 1837 – Thomas Moran, British-American painter and printmaker of the Hudson River School (d. 1926)
  • 1857 – Eugène Atget, French photographer (d. 1927)
  • 1857 – Bobby Peel, English cricketer and coach (d. 1943)
  • 1861 – Lou Andreas-Salomé, Russian-German psychoanalyst and author (d. 1937)
  • 1866 – Lev Shestov, Russian philosopher (d. 1938)
  • 1869 – Kiến Phúc, Vietnamese emperor (d. 1884)
  • 1870 – Marie Lloyd, English actress and singer (d. 1922)
  • 1876 – 13th Dalai Lama (d. 1933)
  • 1877 – Louis Renault, French engineer and businessman, co-founded Renault (d. 1944)
  • 1880 – George Preca, Maltese priest and saint (d. 1962)
  • 1880 – John L. Lewis, American miner and union leader (d. 1969)
  • 1881 – Anna Pavlova, Russian-English ballerina and actress (d. 1931)
  • 1882 – Walter Nash, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 27th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1968)
  • 1884 – Max Beckmann, German painter and sculptor (d. 1950)
  • 1884 – Johan Laidoner, Estonian-Russian general (d. 1953)
  • 1884 – Alice Roosevelt Longworth, American author (d. 1980)
  • 1884 – Marie Vassilieff, Russian-French painter (d. 1957)
  • 1885 – Julius Streicher, German publisher, founded Der Stürmer (d. 1946)
  • 1889 – Bhante Dharmawara, Cambodian monk, lawyer, and judge (d. 1999)
  • 1893 – Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981)
  • 1895 – Kristian Djurhuus, Faroese lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 1984)
  • 1897 – Charles Groves Wright Anderson, South African-Australian colonel and politician (d. 1988)
  • 1897 – Lincoln LaPaz, American astronomer and academic (d. 1985)
  • 1898 – Wallace Ford, English-American actor and singer (d. 1966)
  • 1900 – Roger J. Traynor, American lawyer and jurist, 23rd Chief Justice of California (d. 1983)
  • 1902 – William Collier, Jr., American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1987)
  • 1903 – Jorge Basadre, Peruvian historian (d. 1980)
  • 1903 – Chick Hafey, American baseball player and manager (d. 1973)
  • 1904 – Ted Mack, American radio and television host (d. 1976)
  • 1907 – Joseph Kearns, American actor (d. 1962)
  • 1908 – Jean Effel, French painter, caricaturist, illustrator and journalist (d. 1982)
  • 1908 – Jacques Herbrand, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1931)
  • 1909 – Zoran Mušič, Slovene painter and illustrator (d. 2005)
  • 1909 – Sigmund Rascher, German physician (d. 1945)
  • 1911 – Charles Mathiesen, Norwegian speed skater (d. 1994)
  • 1912 – R. F. Delderfield, English author and playwright (d. 1972)
  • 1914 – Tex Beneke, American singer, saxophonist, and bandleader (d. 2000)
  • 1914 – Johanna von Caemmerer, German mathematician (d. 1971)
  • 1915 – Lorne Greene, Canadian-American actor (d. 1987)
  • 1915 – Olivia Hooker, African-American sailor (d. 2018)
  • 1916 – Joseph Alioto, American lawyer and politician, 36th Mayor of San Francisco (d. 1998)
  • 1917 – Al Cervi, American basketball player and coach (d. 2009)
  • 1917 – Dom DiMaggio, American baseball player (d. 2009)
  • 1918 – Norman Farberow, American psychologist and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1918 – Julian Schwinger, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
  • 1919 – Forrest Tucker, American actor (d. 1986)
  • 1920 – Raymond Mhlaba, South African anti-apartheid and ANC activist (d. 2005)
  • 1922 – Hussein Onn, Malaysian lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1990)
  • 1923 – Franco Zeffirelli, Italian director, producer, and politician (d. 2019)
  • 1925 – Sir Anthony Berry, British Conservative politician (d. 1984)
  • 1925 – Joan Mitchell, American-French painter (d. 1992)
  • 1926 – Rolf Brem, Swiss sculptor and illustrator (d. 2014)
  • 1926 – Joe Garagiola, Sr., American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2016)
  • 1926 – Charles Van Doren, American academic (d. 2019)
  • 1928 – Vincent Montana, Jr., American drummer and composer (d. 2013)
  • 1930 – John Doyle, Irish hurler and politician (d. 2010)
  • 1930 – Arlen Specter, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (d. 2012)
  • 1931 – Janwillem van de Wetering, Dutch-American author and translator (d. 2008)
  • 1932 – Axel Jensen, Norwegian author and poet (d. 2003)
  • 1932 – Julian Simon, American economist, author, and academic (d. 1998)
  • 1933 – Costa-Gavras, Greek-French director and producer
  • 1933 – Brian Carlson, Australian rugby league player (d. 1987)
  • 1934 – Annette Crosbie, Scottish actress
  • 1934 – Anne Osborn Krueger, American economist and academic
  • 1934 – Bill Russell, American basketball player and coach
  • 1935 – Gene McDaniels, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2011)
  • 1936 – Alan Ebringer, Australian immunologist, professor at King’s College in the University of London
  • 1938 – Judy Blume, Jewish-American author and educator
  • 1939 – Leon Kass, American physician, scientist, and educator
  • 1939 – Ray Manzarek, American singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (d. 2013)
  • 1941 – Hubert Marcoux, Canadian solo sailor and author (d. 2009)
  • 1941 – Dominguinhos, Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (d. 2013)
  • 1941 – Naomi Uemura, Japanese mountaineer and explorer (d. 1984)
  • 1942 – Ehud Barak, Israeli general and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Israel
  • 1942 – Pat Dobson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2006)
  • 1945 – Maud Adams, Swedish model and actress
  • 1945 – David D. Friedman, American economist, physicist, and scholar
  • 1946 – Jean Eyeghé Ndong, Gabonese politician, Prime Minister of Gabon
  • 1946 – Ajda Pekkan, Turkish singer-songwriter and actress
  • 1948 – Ray Kurzweil, American computer scientist and engineer
  • 1948 – Nicholas Soames, English politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces
  • 1950 – Angelo Branduardi, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1950 – Steve Hackett, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1950 – Michael Ironside, Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1952 – Simon MacCorkindale, English actor, director, and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1952 – Michael McDonald, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
  • 1953 – Joanna Kerns, American actress and director
  • 1954 – Joseph Jordania, Georgian-Australian musicologist and academic
  • 1954 – Tzimis Panousis, Greek comedian, singer, and author (d. 2018)
  • 1954 – Phil Zimmermann, American cryptographer and programmer
  • 1955 – Bill Laswell, American bass player and producer
  • 1955 – Chet Lemon, American baseball player and coach
  • 1956 – Arsenio Hall, American actor and talk show host
  • 1956 – Ad Melkert, Dutch lawyer and politician, Dutch Minister of Social Affairs and Employment
  • 1956 – Brian Robertson, Scottish rock guitarist and songwriter
  • 1958 – Outback Jack, Australian-American wrestler
  • 1961 – Jim Harris, Canadian environmentalist and politician
  • 1961 – Michel Martelly, Haitian singer and politician, 56th President of Haiti
  • 1961 – Di Farmer, Queensland Member of Parliament
  • 1964 – Omar Hakim, American drummer, producer, arranger, and composer
  • 1965 – Rubén Amaro, Jr., American baseball player and manager
  • 1965 – Christine Elise, American actress and producer
  • 1965 – David Westlake, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1966 – Paul Crook, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
  • 1968 – Josh Brolin, American actor
  • 1968 – Chynna Phillips, American singer and actress
  • 1969 – Darren Aronofsky, American director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1969 – Alemayehu Atomsa, Ethiopian educator and politician (d. 2014)
  • 1969 – Steve Backley, English javelin thrower
  • 1969 – Anneli Drecker, Norwegian singer and actress
  • 1969 – Hong Myung-bo, South Korean footballer and manager
  • 1970 – Jim Creeggan, Canadian singer-songwriter and bass player
  • 1970 – Bryan Roy, Dutch footballer and manager
  • 1970 – Judd Winick, American author and illustrator
  • 1971 – Scott Menville, American voice actor, singer, actor and musician
  • 1973 – Gianni Romme, Dutch speed skater
  • 1973 – Tara Strong, Canadian voice actress and singer
  • 1974 – Naseem Hamed, English boxer
  • 1976 – Christian Cullen, New Zealand rugby player
  • 1977 – Jimmy Conrad, American soccer player and manager
  • 1978 – Paul Anderson, English actor
  • 1978 – Brett Hodgson, Australian rugby league player and coach
  • 1979 – Antonio Chatman, American football player
  • 1979 – Jesse Spencer, Australian actor and violinist
  • 1980 – Juan Carlos Ferrero, Spanish tennis player
  • 1980 – Sarah Lancaster, American actress
  • 1980 – Christina Ricci, American actress and producer
  • 1980 – Gucci Mane, American rapper
  • 1981 – Wade McKinnon, Australian rugby league player
  • 1982 – Jonas Hiller, Swiss ice hockey player
  • 1982 – Louis Tsatoumas, Greek long jumper
  • 1982 – Anthony Tuitavake, New Zealand rugby player
  • 1983 – Carlton Brewster, American football player and coach
  • 1984 – Brad Keselowski, American race car driver
  • 1984 – Andrei Sidorenkov, Estonian footballer
  • 1984 – Peter Vanderkaay, American swimmer
  • 1988 – DeMarco Murray, American football player
  • 1988 – Nicolás Otamendi, Argentine footballer
  • 1988 – Mike Posner, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1990 – Robert Griffin III, American football player
  • 1991 – Patrick Herrmann, German footballer
  • 1994 – Arman Hall, American sprinter
  • 1999 – Maggie Coles-Lyster, Canadian cyclist
  • 2000 – Kim Ji-min, South Korean actress

Deaths on February 12

  • 821 – Benedict of Aniane, French monk and saint (b. 747)
  • 890 – Henjō, Japanese priest and poet (b. 816)
  • 981 – Ælfstan, bishop of Ramsbury
  • 901 – Antony II, patriarch of Constantinople
  • 914 – Li, empress of Yan
  • 941 – Wulfhelm, Archbishop of Canterbury
  • 1247 – Ermesinde, Countess of Luxembourg, ruler (b. 1185)
  • 1266 – Amadeus of the Amidei, Italian saint
  • 1517 – Catherine of Navarre (b. 1468)
  • 1538 – Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter, engraver, and architect (b. 1480)
  • 1554 – Lord Guildford Dudley, English son of Jane Dudley, Duchess of Northumberland (b. 1536; executed)
  • 1554 – Lady Jane Grey, de facto monarch of England and Ireland for nine days (b. 1537; executed)
  • 1571 – Nicholas Throckmorton, English politician and diplomat (b. 1515)
  • 1590 – François Hotman, French lawyer and author (b. 1524)
  • 1600 – Edward Denny, Knight Banneret of Bishop’s Stortford, English soldier, privateer and adventurer (b. 1547)
  • 1612 – Jodocus Hondius, Flemish cartographer (b. 1563)
  • 1624 – George Heriot, Scottish goldsmith and philanthropist, founded George Heriot’s School (b. 1563)
  • 1713 – Jahandar Shah, Mughal emperor (b. 1664)
  • 1728 – Agostino Steffani, Italian priest and composer (b. 1653)
  • 1763 – Pierre de Marivaux, French author and playwright (b. 1688)
  • 1771 – Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden (b. 1710)
  • 1789 – Ethan Allen, American farmer, general, and politician (b. 1738)
  • 1799 – Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist and physiologist (b. 1729)
  • 1804 – Immanuel Kant, German anthropologist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1724)
  • 1834 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German philosopher and scholar (b. 1768)
  • 1886 – Randolph Caldecott, English-American painter and illustrator (b. 1846)
  • 1894 – Hans von Bülow, German pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1830)
  • 1896 – Ambroise Thomas, French composer and academic (b. 1811)
  • 1912 – Gerhard Armauer Hansen, Norwegian physician (b. 1841)
  • 1915 – Émile Waldteufel, French pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1837)
  • 1916 – Richard Dedekind, German mathematician, philosopher, and academic (b. 1831)
  • 1929 – Lillie Langtry, English singer and actress (b. 1853)
  • 1931 – Samad bey Mehmandarov, Azerbaijani-Russian general and politician, 3rd Azerbaijani Minister of Defense (b. 1855)
  • 1935 – Auguste Escoffier, French chef and author (b. 1846)
  • 1942 – Eugene Esmonde, Irish-English lieutenant and pilot, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1909)
  • 1942 – Avraham Stern, Polish-Israeli militant leader (b. 1907)
  • 1942 – Grant Wood, American painter and academic (b. 1891)
  • 1947 – Moses Gomberg, Ukrainian-American chemist and academic (b. 1866)
  • 1949 – Hassan al-Banna, Egyptian educator, founded the Muslim Brotherhood (b. 1906)
  • 1954 – Dziga Vertov, Polish-Russian director and screenwriter (b. 1896)
  • 1958 – Douglas Hartree, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1897)
  • 1960 – Oskar Anderson, Bulgarian-German mathematician and academic (b. 1887)
  • 1970 – Clare Turlay Newberry, American author and illustrator (b. 1903)
  • 1971 – James Cash Penney, American businessman and philanthropist, founded J. C. Penney (b. 1875)
  • 1975 – Carl Lutz, Swiss vice-consul to Hungary during WWII, credited with saving over 62,000 Jews (b. 1895)
  • 1976 – Sal Mineo, American actor (b. 1939)
  • 1977 – Herman Dooyeweerd, Dutch philosopher and scholar (b. 1894)
  • 1979 – Jean Renoir, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1894)
  • 1980 – Muriel Rukeyser, American poet and activist (b. 1913)
  • 1982 – Victor Jory, Canadian-American actor (b. 1902)
  • 1983 – Eubie Blake, American pianist and composer (b. 1887)
  • 1984 – Anna Anderson, Polish-American woman, who claimed to be Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1896)
  • 1984 – Julio Cortázar, Belgian-Argentinian author and poet (b. 1914)
  • 1985 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor and director (b. 1924)
  • 1989 – Thomas Bernhard, Austrian playwright and author (b. 1931)
  • 1991 – Roger Patterson, American bass player (b. 1968)
  • 1992 – Bep van Klaveren, Dutch boxer (b. 1907)
  • 1994 – Donald Judd, American painter and sculptor (b. 1928)
  • 1995 – Philip Taylor Kramer, American bass player (b. 1952)
  • 1998 – Gardner Ackley, American economist and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (b. 1915)
  • 2000 – Tom Landry, American football player and coach (b. 1924)
  • 2000 – Charles M. Schulz, American cartoonist, created Peanuts (b. 1922)
  • 2001 – Kristina Söderbaum, Swedish-German actress and producer (b. 1912)
  • 2002 – John Eriksen, Danish footballer (b. 1957)
  • 2005 – Dorothy Stang, American-Brazilian nun and missionary (b. 1931)
  • 2007 – Ann Barzel, American writer and dance critic (b. 1905)
  • 2007 – Peggy Gilbert, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1905)
  • 2008 – David Groh, American actor (b. 1939)
  • 2009 – victims of Colgan Air Flight 3407:
    • Alison Des Forges, American historian and activist (b. 1942)
    • Beverly Eckert, American activist (b. 1951)
    • Mat Mathews, Dutch accordion player (b. 1924)
    • Coleman Mellett, American guitarist (b. 1974)
    • Gerry Niewood, American saxophonist (b. 1943)
  • 2010 – Nodar Kumaritashvili, Georgian luger (b. 1988)
  • 2011 – Peter Alexander, Austrian singer and actor (b. 1926)
  • 2011 – Betty Garrett, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1919)
  • 2011 – Kenneth Mars, American actor and comedian (b. 1935)
  • 2012 – Zina Bethune, American actress, dancer, and choreographer (b. 1945)
  • 2012 – Denis Flannery, Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1928)
  • 2012 – David Kelly, Irish actor (b. 1929)
  • 2012 – John Severin, American illustrator (b. 1921)
  • 2013 – Sattam bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi Arabian prince (b. 1941)
  • 2013 – Reginald Turnill, English journalist and author (b. 1915)
  • 2013 – Hennadiy Udovenko, Ukrainian politician and diplomat, 2nd Minister of Foreign Affairs for Ukraine (b. 1931)
  • 2014 – Sid Caesar, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
  • 2014 – John Pickstone, English historian and author (b. 1944)
  • 2015 – Movita Castaneda, American actress and singer (b. 1916)
  • 2015 – Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat, Malaysian cleric and politician, 12th Menteri Besar of Kelantan (b. 1931)
  • 2015 – Gary Owens, American radio host and voice actor (b. 1934)
  • 2015 – Steve Strange, Welsh singer (b. 1959)
  • 2016 – Dominique D’Onofrio, Italian-Belgian footballer and coach (b. 1953)
  • 2016 – Yannis Kalaitzis, Greek cartoonist (b. 1945)
  • 2016 – Yan Su, Chinese general and composer (b. 1930)
  • 2017 – Al Jarreau, American singer (b. 1940)
  • 2017 – Anna Marguerite McCann, first female American underwater archaeologist (b. 1933)
  • 2017 – Ren Xinmin, Chinese rocket scientist (b. 1915)
  • 2019 – Gordon Banks, English footballer (b. 1937)
  • 2019 – Lyndon LaRouche, American political activist (b. 1922)
  • 2019 – Pedro Morales, Puerto Rican professional wrestler and commentator (b. 1942)
  • 2020 – Christie Blatchford, Canadian newspaper columnist, journalist and broadcaster (b. 1951)

Holidays and observances on February 12

  • Christian feast day:
    • Benedict of Aniane
    • Damian of Alexandria
    • Julian the Hospitaller
    • Martyrs of Abitinae
    • February 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Darwin Day (International)
  • Georgia Day (Georgia (U.S. state))
  • Lincoln’s Birthday (United States)
  • National Freedom to Marry Day (United States)
  • Red Hand Day (United Nations)
  • Union Day (Myanmar)
  • Youth Day (Venezuela)

January 8 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

January 8 in History

  • 307 – Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying
  • 871 – Alfred the Great leads a West Saxon army to repel an invasion by Danelaw Vikings.
  • 1297 – François Grimaldi, disguised as a monk, leads his men to capture the fortress protecting the Rock of Monaco, establishing his family as the rulers of Monaco
  • 1454 – The papal bull Romanus Pontifex awards the Kingdom of Portugal exclusive trade and colonization rights to all of Africa south of Cape Bojador
  • 1499 – Louis XII of France marries Anne of Brittany in accordance with a law set by his predecessor, Charles VIII.
  • 1547 – The first Lithuanian-language book, the Catechism of Martynas Mažvydas, is published in Königsberg.
  • 1735 – The premiere of George Frideric Handel’s Ariodante takes place at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden.
  • 1746 – Second Jacobite rising: Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling.
  • 1790 – George Washington delivers the first State of the Union address in New York City.
  • 1806 – Cape Colony in southern Africa becomes a British colony as a result of the Battle of Blaauwberg.
  • 1811 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes in the north American settlements of St. Charles and St. James, Louisiana.
  • 1815 – War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson leads American forces in victory over the British.
  • 1828 – The Democratic Party of the United States is organized.
  • 1835 – The United States national debt is zero for the only time.
  • 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield.
  • 1867 – African American men are granted the right to vote in Washington, D.C.
  • 1877 – Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.
  • 1889 – Herman Hollerith is issued US patent #395,791 for the ‘Art of Applying Statistics’ — his punched card calculator.
  • 1904 – The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library system.
  • 1912 – The African National Congress is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).
  • 1918 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson announces his “Fourteen Points” for the aftermath of World War I.
  • 1920 – The steel strike of 1919 ends in failure for the Amalgamated Association of Iron, Steel and Tin Workers labor union.
  • 1926 – Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuỵ ascends the throne to become the last monarch of Vietnam.
  • 1926 – Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz.
  • 1936 – Kashf-e hijab decree is made and immediately enforced by Reza Shah, Iran’s head of state, banning the wearing of Islamic veils in public.
  • 1940 – World War II: Britain introduces food rationing.
  • 1945 – World War II: Philippine Commonwealth troops under the Philippine Commonwealth Army units enter the province of Ilocos Sur in Northern Luzon and attack Japanese Imperial forces.
  • 1956 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. missionaries are killed by the Huaorani of Ecuador shortly after making contact with them.
  • 1959 – Charles de Gaulle is proclaimed as the first President of the French Fifth Republic.
  • 1961 – In France a referendum supports Charles de Gaulle’s policies in Algeria.
  • 1963 – Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is exhibited in the United States for the first time, at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.
  • 1964 – President Lyndon B. Johnson declares a “War on Poverty” in the United States.
  • 1972 – Bowing to international pressure, President of Pakistan Zulfikar Ali Bhutto releases Bengali leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from prison, who had been arrested after declaring the independence of Bangladesh.
  • 1973 – Soviet space mission Luna 21 is launched.
  • 1973 – Watergate scandal: The trial of seven men accused of illegal entry into Democratic Party headquarters at Watergate begins.
  • 1975 – Ella T. Grasso becomes Governor of Connecticut, the first woman to serve as a Governor in the United States other than by succeeding her husband.
  • 1977 – Three bombs explode in Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union, within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group.
  • 1981 – A local farmer reports a UFO sighting in Trans-en-Provence, France, claimed to be “perhaps the most completely and carefully documented sighting of all time”.
  • 1982 – Breakup of the Bell System: AT&T agrees to divest itself of twenty-two subdivisions.
  • 1989 – Kegworth air disaster: British Midland Flight 92, a Boeing 737-400, crashes into the M1 motorway, killing 47 of the 126 people on board.
  • 1994 – Russian cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov on Soyuz TM-18 leaves for Mir. He would stay on the space station until March 22, 1995, for a record 437 days in space.
  • 1996 – An Antonov An-32 cargo aircraft crashes into a crowded market in Kinshasa, Zaire, killing up to 223 on the ground; two of six crew members are also killed.
  • 2002 – President George W. Bush signs into law the No Child Left Behind Act.
  • 2003 – Turkish Airlines Flight 634 crashes near Diyarbakır Airport, Turkey, killing the entire crew and 70 of the 75 passengers.
  • 2003 – Air Midwest Flight 5481 crashes at Charlotte-Douglas Airport, Charlotte, North Carolina, killing all 21 people on board.
  • 2004 – The RMS Queen Mary 2, then the largest ocean liner ever built, is christened by her namesake’s granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II.
  • 2005 – The nuclear sub USS San Francisco collides at full speed with an undersea mountain south of Guam. One man is killed, but the sub surfaces and is repaired.
  • 2009 – A 6.1-magnitude earthquake in northern Costa Rica kills 15 people and injures 32.
  • 2010 – Gunmen from an offshoot the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda attack a bus carrying the Togo national football team on its way to the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations, killing three.
  • 2011 – The attempted assassination of Arizona Representative Gabrielle Giffords and subsequent shooting in Casas Adobes, Arizona, in which five people were shot dead.
  • 2016 – Joaquín Guzmán, widely regarded as the world’s most powerful drug trafficker, is recaptured following his escape from a maximum security prison in Mexico.
  • 2020 – Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 crashes immediately after takeoff at Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport; all 176 on board are killed. The plane was shot down by an Iranian anti-aircraft missile.

Births on January 8

  • 1037 – Su Dongpo, Chinese calligrapher and poet (d. 1101)
  • 1345 – Kadi Burhan al-Din, poet, kadi, and ruler of Sivas (d. 1398)
  • 1462 – Walraven II van Brederode, Dutch nobleman (d. 1531)
  • 1529 – John Frederick II, duke of Saxony (d. 1595)
  • 1556 – Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese daimyō (d. 1623)
  • 1583 – Simon Episcopius, Dutch theologian and academic (d. 1643)
  • 1587 – Johannes Fabricius, German astronomer and academic (d. 1616)
  • 1587 – Jan Pieterszoon Coen, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1629
  • 1589 – Ivan Gundulić, Croatian poet and playwright (d. 1638)
  • 1601 – Baltasar Gracián, Spanish priest and author (d. 1658)
  • 1628 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, French general (d. 1695)
  • 1632 – Samuel von Pufendorf, German economist and jurist (d. 1694)
  • 1635 – Luis Manuel Fernández de Portocarrero, Spanish cardinal (d. 1709)
  • 1638 – Elisabetta Sirani, Italian painter (d. 1665)
  • 1735 – John Carroll, American archbishop, founder of Georgetown University (d. 1815)
  • 1763 – Edmond-Charles Genêt, French-American translator and diplomat (d. 1834)
  • 1786 – Nicholas Biddle, American banker and financier (d. 1844)
  • 1788 – Rudolf of Austria, Austrian archduke and archbishop (d. 1831)
  • 1792 – Lowell Mason, American composer and educator (d. 1872)
  • 1805 – John Bigler, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, 3rd Governor of California (d. 1871)
  • 1805 – Orson Hyde, American religious leader, 3rd President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (d. 1878)
  • 1812 – Sigismond Thalberg, Swiss pianist and composer (d. 1871)
  • 1817 – Theophilus Shepstone, English-South African politician (d. 1893)
  • 1821 – James Longstreet, American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Turkey (d. 1904)
  • 1823 – Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh geographer, biologist, and explorer (d. 1913)
  • 1824 – Wilkie Collins, English novelist, playwright, and short story writer (d. 1889)
  • 1824 – Francisco González Bocanegra, Mexican poet and composer (d. 1861)
  • 1830 – Hans von Bülow, German pianist and composer (d. 1894)
  • 1836 – Lawrence Alma-Tadema, Dutch-English painter and academic (d. 1912)
  • 1843 – Frederick Abberline, English police officer (d. 1929)
  • 1843 – Karl Eduard Heusner, German admiral (d. 1891)
  • 1852 – James Milton Carroll, American pastor and author (d. 1931)
  • 1854 – Fanny Bullock Workman, American mountaineer, geographer, and cartographer (d. 1925)
  • 1860 – Emma Booth, English author (d. 1903)
  • 1862 – Frank Nelson Doubleday, American publisher, founded the Doubleday Publishing Company (d. 1934)
  • 1864 – Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (d. 1892)
  • 1865 – Winnaretta Singer, American philanthropist (d. 1943)
  • 1866 – William G. Conley, American educator and politician, 18th Governor of West Virginia (d. 1940)
  • 1867 – Emily Greene Balch, American economist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
  • 1870 – Miguel Primo de Rivera, Spanish general and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1930)
  • 1871 – James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon, Irish captain and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (d. 1940)
  • 1873 – Iuliu Maniu, Romanian lawyer and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1953)
  • 1876 – Arturs Alberings, Latvian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Latvia (d. 1934)
  • 1879 – Charles Bryant, English-American actor and director (d. 1948)
  • 1881 – Henrik Shipstead, American dentist and politician (d. 1960)
  • 1881 – Linnie Marsh Wolfe, American librarian and author (d. 1945)
  • 1883 – Pavel Filonov, Russian painter and poet (d. 1941)
  • 1883 – Patrick J. Hurley, American general, politician, and diplomat, 51st United States Secretary of War (d. 1963)
  • 1885 – John Curtin, Australian journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1945)
  • 1885 – Mór Kóczán, Hungarian javelin thrower and pastor (d. 1972)
  • 1885 – A. J. Muste, Dutch-American pastor and activist (d. 1967)
  • 1888 – Richard Courant, German-American mathematician and academic (d. 1972)
  • 1891 – Walther Bothe, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
  • 1891 – Storm Jameson, English journalist and author (d. 1986)
  • 1891 – Bronislava Nijinska, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1972) name=”Jöckle1995″>Clemens Jöckle (1995). Encyclopedia of Saints. Alpine Fine Arts Collection. p. 319. ISBN 978-0-88168-226-7.</ref>
  • 1896 – Jaromír Weinberger, Czech-American composer and academic (d. 1967)
  • 1897 – Dennis Wheatley, English soldier and author (d. 1977)
  • 1899 – S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (d. 1959)
  • 1900 – Dorothy Adams, American character actress (d. 1988)
  • 1900 – Merlyn Myer, Australian philanthropist (d. 1982)
  • 1902 – Georgy Malenkov, Russian engineer and politician (d. 1988)
  • 1902 – Carl Rogers, American psychologist and academic (d. 1987)
  • 1904 – Karl Brandt, German physician and SS officer (d. 1948)
  • 1904 – Tampa Red, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1981)
  • 1905 – Carl Gustav Hempel, German philosopher from the Vienna and the Berlin Circle (d. 1997)
  • 1905 – Giacinto Scelsi, Italian composer and poet (d. 1988)
  • 1906 – Serge Poliakoff, Russian-French painter (d. 1969)
  • 1907 – Keizō Hayashi, Japanese general and civil servant (d. 1991)
  • 1908 – Fearless Nadia, Australian-Indian actress and stuntwoman (d. 1996)
  • 1908 – William Hartnell, English actor (d. 1975)
  • 1909 – Ashapoorna Devi, Indian author and poet (d. 1995)
  • 1909 – Willy Millowitsch, German actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1999)
  • 1909 – Bruce Mitchell, South African cricketer (d. 1995)
  • 1909 – Evelyn Wood, American author and educator (d. 1995)
  • 1910 – Galina Ulanova, Russian actress and ballerina (d. 1998)
  • 1911 – Gypsy Rose Lee, American actress, dancer, and author (d. 1970)
  • 1912 – José Ferrer, Puerto Rican-American actor and director (d. 1992)
  • 1912 – Lawrence Walsh, Canadian-American lawyer, judge, and politician, 4th United States Deputy Attorney General (d. 2014)
  • 1915 – Walker Cooper, American baseball player and manager (d. 1991)
  • 1917 – Peter Matthew Hillsman Taylor, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1994)
  • 1922 – Dale D. Myers, American engineer (d. 2015)
  • 1923 – Larry Storch, American actor and comedian
  • 1923 – Giorgio Tozzi, American opera singer and actor (d. 2011)
  • 1923 – Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)
  • 1923 – Joseph Weizenbaum, German-American computer scientist and author (d. 2008)
  • 1924 – Benjamin Lees, Chinese-American soldier and composer (d. 2010)
  • 1924 – Ron Moody, English actor and singer (d. 2015)
  • 1925 – Mohan Rakesh, Indian author and playwright (d. 1972)
  • 1926 – Evelyn Lear, American operatic soprano (d. 2012)
  • 1926 – Lazzaro Donati, Italian artist (d. 1977)
  • 1926 – Kerwin Mathews, American actor (d. 2007)
  • 1926 – Kelucharan Mohapatra, Indian dancer and choreographer (d. 2004)
  • 1926 – Hanae Mori, Japanese fashion designer
  • 1926 – Soupy Sales, American comedian and actor (d. 2009)
  • 1927 – Charles Tomlinson, English poet and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1928 – Slade Gorton, American colonel, lawyer, and politician, 14th Attorney General of Washington
  • 1928 – Gaston Miron, Canadian poet and author (d. 1996)
  • 1928 – Luther Perkins, American country guitarist (d. 1968)
  • 1929 – Saeed Jaffrey, Indian-British actor (d. 2015)
  • 1931 – Bill Graham, German-American businessman (d. 1991)
  • 1931 – Clarence Benjamin Jones, American lawyer and scholar
  • 1933 – Nolan Miller, American fashion and jewelry designer (d. 2012)
  • 1933 – Charles Osgood, American soldier and journalist
  • 1933 – Jean-Marie Straub, French director and screenwriter
  • 1933 – Willie Tasby, American baseball player
  • 1934 – Jacques Anquetil, French cyclist (d. 1987)
  • 1934 – Gene Freese, American baseball player and manager (d. 2013)
  • 1934 – Roy Kinnear, British actor (d. 1988)
  • 1934 – Alexandra Ripley, American author (d. 2004)
  • 1935 – Lewis H. Lapham, American publisher, founded Lapham’s Quarterly
  • 1935 – Elvis Presley, American singer, guitarist, and actor (d. 1977)
  • 1936 – Zdeněk Mácal, Czech-American conductor
  • 1936 – Robert May, Baron May of Oxford, Australian-English zoologist, ecologist, and academic (d. 2020)
  • 1937 – Shirley Bassey, Welsh singer
  • 1938 – Bob Eubanks, American game show host and producer
  • 1938 – Yevgeny Nesterenko, Russian opera singer and educator
  • 1939 – Carolina Herrera, Venezuelan-American fashion designer
  • 1939 – Ruth Maleczech, American actress (d. 2013)
  • 1939 – Alan Wilson, English mathematician and academic
  • 1940 – Mark Bretscher, English biologist and academic
  • 1940 – Cristy Lane, American country and gospel singer
  • 1941 – Graham Chapman, English actor and screenwriter (d. 1989)
  • 1942 – Stephen Hawking, English physicist and author (d. 2018)
  • 1942 – Junichirō Koizumi, Japanese politician, 56th Prime Minister of Japan
  • 1942 – Yvette Mimieux, American actress
  • 1942 – Royce Waltman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
  • 1943 – Charles Murray, American political scientist and author
  • 1944 – Terry Brooks, American lawyer and author
  • 1945 – Nancy Bond, American author and academic
  • 1945 – Phil Beal, English footballer, defender
  • 1945 – Kadir Topbaş, Turkish architect and politician, 31st Mayor of Istanbul
  • 1946 – Robby Krieger, American guitarist and songwriter
  • 1946 – Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, Mexican drug lord
  • 1947 – Don Bendell, American rancher and author
  • 1947 – David Bowie, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2016)
  • 1947 – David Gates, American journalist and novelist
  • 1947 – Antti Kalliomäki, Finnish pole vaulter and politician
  • 1947 – Luke Williams, New Zealand-American wrestler
  • 1948 – Gillies MacKinnon, Scottish director and screenwriter
  • 1949 – Lawrence Rowe, Jamaican cricketer
  • 1951 – Kenny Anthony, Saint Lucian politician, 5th Prime Minister of Saint Lucia
  • 1951 – Karen Tei Yamashita, American author and academic
  • 1952 – Vladimir Feltsman, Russian-American pianist and educator
  • 1952 – Peter McCullagh, Irish mathematician and academic
  • 1953 – Bruce Sutter, American baseball player
  • 1954 – Konstantinos Kypriotis, Greek martial artist (d. 1995)
  • 1955 – Spiros Livathinos, Greek footballer and coach
  • 1955 – Mike Reno, Canadian singer and drummer
  • 1957 – Nacho Duato, Spanish dancer and choreographer
  • 1958 – Betsy DeVos, American businesswoman and politician, 11th Secretary of Education
  • 1958 – Rey Misterio, Sr., Mexican wrestler, trainer, and actor
  • 1959 – Kim Duk-koo, South Korean boxer (d. 1982)
  • 1959 – Paul Hester, Australian drummer (d. 2005)
  • 1960 – Dave Weckl, American drummer
  • 1961 – Calvin Smith, American sprinter
  • 1966 – Willie Anderson, American basketball player
  • 1966 – Igor Vyazmikin, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2009)
  • 1966 – Andrew Wood, American singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
  • 1967 – Torsten Gowitzke, German footballer and manager
  • 1967 – Steven Jacobs, Australian television host and actor
  • 1967 – R. Kelly, American singer-songwriter, record producer, and former professional basketball player
  • 1967 – Tom Watson, English politician
  • 1971 – Jason Giambi, American baseball player
  • 1971 – Jesper Jansson, Swedish footballer
  • 1971 – Pascal Zuberbühler, Swiss footballer and coach
  • 1972 – Paul Clement, English footballer, coach, and manager
  • 1972 – Giuseppe Favalli, Italian footballer
  • 1973 – Mike Cameron, American baseball player
  • 1975 – Harris Jayaraj, Indian composer and producer
  • 1976 – Kenneth Andam, Ghanaian sprinter and businessman
  • 1976 – Carl Pavano, American baseball player
  • 1977 – Amber Benson, American actress, writer, director, and producer
  • 1977 – Francesco Coco, Italian footballer
  • 1979 – Seol Ki-hyeon, South Korean footballer and manager
  • 1979 – Adrian Mutu, Romanian footballer
  • 1979 – Stipe Pletikosa, Croatian footballer
  • 1979 – Sarah Polley, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
  • 1980 – Adam Goodes, Australian footballer
  • 1980 – Rachel Nichols, American actress and producer
  • 1981 – Jeff Francis, Canadian baseball player
  • 1981 – Trent Waterhouse, Australian rugby league player
  • 1982 – Gaby Hoffmann, American actress
  • 1983 – Jon Daly, Irish footballer
  • 1984 – Jeff Francoeur, American baseball player
  • 1984 – Jeon Ji-ae, South Korean actress
  • 1984 – Kim Jong-un, North Korean soldier and politician, 3rd Supreme Leader of North Korea (probable)
  • 1986 – David Silva, Spanish footballer
  • 1988 – Adrián López, Spanish footballer
  • 1988 – Michael Mancienne, English footballer
  • 1989 – Aaron Cruden, New Zealand rugby player
  • 1991 – Josh Hazlewood, Australian cricketer
  • 1991 – Stefan Johansen, Norwegian footballer
  • 1991 – Stefan Savić, Montenegrin footballer
  • 1991 – Shin Ji-min, South Korean singer and rapper
  • 1992 – Stefanie Dolson, American basketball player
  • 1992 – Koke, Spanish footballer
  • 1992 – Apostolos Vellios, Greek footballer

Deaths on January 8

  • 307 – Hui of Jin, Chinese emperor (b. 259)
  • 482 – Severinus of Noricum, Italian apostle and saint
  • 871 – Bagsecg, Viking warrior and leader
  • 926 – Athelm, archbishop of Canterbury
  • 1079 – Adèle of France, countess of Flanders (b. 1009)
  • 1107 – Edgar, king of Scotland (b. 1074)
  • 1198 – Celestine III, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1106)
  • 1332 – Andronikos III, emperor of Trebizond
  • 1337 – Giotto, Italian painter and architect, designed Scrovegni Chapel and Giotto’s Campanile (b. 1266)
  • 1354 – Charles de La Cerda, French nobleman (b. 1327)
  • 1424 – Stephen Zaccaria, archbishop of Patras
  • 1456 – Lawrence Giustiniani, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1381)
  • 1464 – Thomas Ebendorfer, Austrian historian and academic (b. 1385)
  • 1538 – Beatrice of Portugal, duchess of Savoy (b. 1504)
  • 1557 – Albert Alcibiades, margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (b. 1522)
  • 1570 – Philibert de l’Orme, French sculptor and architect, designed the Château d’Anet (b. 1510)
  • 1598 – John George, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1525)
  • 1642 – Galileo Galilei, Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher (b. 1564)
  • 1664 – Moses Amyraut, French physician and theologian (b. 1596)
  • 1707 – John Dalrymple, 1st Earl of Stair, Scottish soldier and politician, Scottish Secretary of State (b. 1648)
  • 1713 – Arcangelo Corelli, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1653)
  • 1775 – John Baskerville, English printer and type designer (b. 1706)
  • 1789 – Jack Broughton, English boxer (b. 1703)
  • 1794 – Justus Möser, German lawyer and jurist (b. 1720)
  • 1815 – Edward Pakenham, Anglo-Irish general and politician (b. 1778)
  • 1825 – Eli Whitney, American engineer and theorist, invented the cotton gin (b. 1765)
  • 1853 – Mihály Bertalanits, Slovene-Hungarian poet and educator (b. 1788)
  • 1854 – William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, English field marshal and politician, Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance (b. 1768)
  • 1865 – Aimé, duc de Clermont-Tonnerre, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (b. 1779)
  • 1874 – Charles Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French historian and archaeologist (b. 1814)
  • 1878 – Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet and critic (b. 1821)
  • 1878 – Gauchito Gil, Argentinian saint (b. 1847)
  • 1880 – Emperor Norton, English-American businessman (b. 1811)
  • 1883 – Miska Magyarics, Slovene-Hungarian poet (b. 1825)
  • 1896 – William Rainey Marshall, American banker and politician, 5th Governor of Minnesota (b. 1825)
  • 1896 – Paul Verlaine, French poet and writer (b. 1844)
  • 1901 – John Barry, Irish soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1873)
  • 1912 – Friedrich Schrempf, German journalist and politician (b. 1858)
  • 1914 – Simon Bolivar Buckner, American general and 30th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1823)
  • 1916 – Rembrandt Bugatti, Italian sculptor (b. 1884)
  • 1916 – Ada Rehan, Irish-American actress (b. 1860)
  • 1918 – Johannes Pääsuke, Estonian photographer and director (b. 1892)
  • 1918 – Ellis H. Roberts, American journalist and politician, 20th Treasurer of the United States (b. 1827)
  • 1920 – Josef Josephi, Polish-born singer and actor (b.1852)
  • 1925 – George Bellows, American painter (b.1882)
  • 1934 – Andrei Bely, Russian novelist, poet, and critic (b. 1880)
  • 1934 – Alexandre Stavisky, Ukrainian-French financier (b. 1886)
  • 1935 – Rauf Yekta, Turkish musicologist and author (b. 1871)
  • 1938 – Johnny Gruelle, American author and illustrator (b. 1880)
  • 1941 – Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, English general (b. 1857)
  • 1942 – Joseph Franklin Rutherford, American lawyer and religious leader (b. 1869)
  • 1943 – Richard Hillary, Australian pilot and author (b. 1919)
  • 1943 – Andres Larka, Estonian general and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of War (b. 1879)
  • 1944 – William Kissam Vanderbilt II, American lieutenant and sailor (b. 1878)
  • 1945 – Karl Ernst Krafft, Swiss astrologer and author (b. 1900)
  • 1948 – Kurt Schwitters, German painter and graphic designer (b. 1887)
  • 1950 – Joseph Schumpeter, Czech-American economist and academic (b. 1883)
  • 1952 – Antonia Maury, American astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1866)
  • 1953 – Hugh Binney, English admiral and politician, 16th Governor of Tasmania (b. 1883)
  • 1954 – Eduard Wiiralt, Estonian-French painter and illustrator (b. 1898)
  • 1956 – Jim Elliot, American missionary and martyr (b. 1928)
  • 1958 – Mary Colter, American architect, designed the Desert View Watchtower (b. 1869)
  • 1961 – Schoolboy Rowe, American baseball player and coach (b. 1910)
  • 1963 – Kay Sage, American painter (b. 1898)
  • 1969 – Albert Hill, English runner and coach (b. 1889)
  • 1969 – Elmar Kaljot, Estonian footballer and coach (b. 1901)
  • 1970 – Georges Guibourg, French actor, singer, and playwright (b. 1891)
  • 1972 – Kenneth Patchen, American poet and author (b. 1911)
  • 1975 – Richard Tucker, American tenor (b. 1913)
  • 1976 – Zhou Enlai, Chinese soldier and politician, 1st Premier of the People’s Republic of China (b. 1898)
  • 1976 – Robert Forgan, Scottish-English physician and politician (b. 1891)
  • 1979 – Sara Carter, American singer-songwriter and harp player (b. 1898)
  • 1980 – John Mauchly, American physicist and academic (b. 1907)
  • 1981 – Matthew Beard, American actor (b. 1925)
  • 1982 – Grégoire Aslan, Swiss-English actor and screenwriter (b. 1908)
  • 1983 – Gerhard Barkhorn, German general and pilot (b. 1919)
  • 1983 – Tom McCall, American journalist and politician, 30th Governor of Oregon (b. 1913)
  • 1983 – Gale Page, American actress (b. 1910)
  • 1984 – Eerik Kumari, Estonian ornithologist and academic (b. 1912)
  • 1986 – Pierre Fournier, French cellist and educator (b. 1906)
  • 1990 – Bernard Krigstein, American illustrator (b. 1919)
  • 1990 – Terry-Thomas, English actor and comedian (b. 1911)
  • 1991 – Steve Clark, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1960)
  • 1994 – Pat Buttram, American actor and comedian (b. 1915)
  • 1994 – Harvey Haddix, American baseball player and coach (b. 1925)
  • 1996 – Metin Göktepe, Turkish photographer and journalist (b. 1968)
  • 1996 – François Mitterrand, French sergeant and politician, 21st President of France (b. 1916)
  • 1996 – Howard Taubman, American author and critic (b. 1907)
  • 1997 – Melvin Calvin, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
  • 1998 – Michael Tippett, English composer and conductor (b. 1905)
  • 2002 – Alexander Prokhorov, Australian-Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)
  • 2002 – Dave Thomas, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Wendy’s (b. 1932)
  • 2003 – Ron Goodwin, English composer and conductor (b. 1925)
  • 2004 – John A. Gambling, American radio host (b. 1930)
  • 2006 – Tony Banks, Baron Stratford, Northern Irish broadcaster and politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics (b. 1943)
  • 2007 – Jane Bolin, American lawyer and judge (b. 1908)
  • 2007 – Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills (b. 1916)
  • 2007 – Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-American actress and singer (b. 1922)
  • 2007 – David Ervine, Northern Irish politician and activist (b. 1953)
  • 2007 – Iwao Takamoto, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1925)
  • 2008 – George Moore, Australian jockey and trainer (b. 1923)
  • 2009 – Lasantha Wickrematunge, Sri Lankan Journalist (b. 1958)
  • 2010 – Art Clokey, American animator, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
  • 2011 – Jiří Dienstbier, Czech journalist and politician (b. 1937)
  • 2011 – Thorbjørn Svenssen, Norwegian footballer (b. 1924)
  • 2012 – Dave Alexander, American singer and pianist (b. 1938)
  • 2012 – T. J. Hamblin, English haematologist and academic (b. 1943)
  • 2012 – John Madin, English architect, designed the Birmingham Central Library (b. 1924)
  • 2012 – Bernhard Schrader, German chemist and academic (b. 1931)
  • 2012 – Alexis Weissenberg, Bulgarian-French pianist and educator (b. 1929)
  • 2013 – Kenojuak Ashevak, Canadian sculptor and illustrator (b. 1927)
  • 2013 – Jeanne Manford, American educator and activist, co-founded PFLAG (b. 1920)
  • 2013 – Alasdair Milne, Indian-English director and producer (b. 1930)
  • 2014 – Vicente T. Blaz, American general and politician (b. 1928)
  • 2014 – Madeline Gins, American poet and architect (b. 1941)
  • 2014 – Irma Heijting-Schuhmacher, Dutch-Australian swimmer (b. 1925)
  • 2014 – Antonino P. Roman, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1939)
  • 2015 – Andraé Crouch, American singer-songwriter, producer, and pastor (b. 1942)
  • 2015 – Kep Enderby, Australian lawyer, judge, and politician, 23rd Attorney-General for Australia (b. 1926)
  • 2015 – Patsy Garrett, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
  • 2016 – Maria Teresa de Filippis, Italian racing driver (b. 1926)
  • 2016 – German Moreno, Filipino television host, actor, comedian and talent manager (b. 1933)
  • 2017 – Nicolai Gedda, Swedish operatic tenor (b. 1925)
  • 2017 – James Mancham, Seychellois politician (b. 1939)
  • 2017 – Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Iranian politician (b. 1934)
  • 2017 – Peter Sarstedt, Indian-British singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1941)
  • 2020 – Pat Dalton, Australian rules footballer (b. 1942)
  • 2020 – Buck Henry, American actor, screenwriter, and director (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances on January 8

  • Babinden (Belarus, Russia)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Abo of Tiflis
    • Apollinaris Claudius
    • Blessed Eurosia Fabris
    • Gauchito Gil (Folk Catholicism)
    • Gudula
    • Harriet Bedell (Episcopal Church (USA))
    • Lawrence Giustiniani
    • Lucian of Beauvais
    • Maximus of Pavia
    • Our Lady of Prompt Succor (Roman Catholic Church)
    • Pega (Anglican and Roman Catholic churches)
    • Severinus of Noricum
    • Thorfinn of Hamar
    • January 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Commonwealth Day (Northern Mariana Islands)
  • Earliest day on which Children’s Day can fall, while January 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Saturday in January. (Thailand)
  • Earliest day on which Lee–Jackson Day can fall, while January 14 is the latest; celebrated on Friday before Martin Luther King Jr. Day. (Virginia)
  • Typing Day (International observance)