Albert II

  • June 14 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1158 – Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar.
    • 1216 – First Barons’ War: Prince Louis of France captures the city of Winchester and soon conquers over half of the Kingdom of England.
    • 1276 – While taking exile in Fuzhou, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for Emperor Duanzong.
    • 1285 – Second Mongol invasion of Vietnam: Forces led by Prince Trần Quang Khải of the Trần dynasty destroy most of the invading Mongol naval fleet in a battle at Chuong Duong.
    • 1287 – Kublai Khan defeats the force of Nayan and other traditionalist Borjigin princes in East Mongolia and Manchuria.
    • 1381 – Richard II of England meets leaders of Peasants’ Revolt at Mile End. The Tower of London is stormed by rebels who enter without resistance.
    • 1404 – Welsh rebel leader Owain Glyndŵr, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies himself with the French against King Henry IV of England.
    • 1618 – Joris Veseler prints the first Dutch newspaper Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. in Amsterdam (approximate date).
    • 1645 – English Civil War: Battle of Naseby: Twelve thousand Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.
    • 1667 – The Raid on the Medway by the Dutch fleet in the Second Anglo-Dutch War ends. It had lasted for five days and resulted in the worst ever defeat of the Royal Navy.
    • 1690 – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland to confront the former King James II.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
    • 1777 – The Second Continental Congress passes the Flag Act of 1777 adopting the Stars and Stripes as the Flag of the United States.
    • 1789 – Mutiny on the Bounty: HMS Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 7,400 km (4,600 mi) journey in an open boat.
    • 1800 – The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy.
    • 1807 – Emperor Napoleon’s French Grande Armée defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in Poland (modern Russian Kaliningrad Oblast) ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.
    • 1821 – Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, bringing the 300 year old Sudanese kingdom to an end.
    • 1822 – Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society.
    • 1830 – Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers begin their invasion of Algiers, landing 27 kilometers west at Sidi Fredj.
    • 1839 – Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley-on-Thames, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first regatta.
    • 1846 – Bear Flag Revolt begins: Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
    • 1863 – Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
    • 1872 – Trade unions are legalized in Canada.
    • 1881 – The White Rajahs territories become the British protectorate of Sarawak.
    • 1900 – Hawaii becomes a United States territory.
    • 1900 – The second German Naval Law calls for the Imperial German Navy to be doubled in size.
    • 1907 – The National Association for Women’s Suffrage succeeds in getting Norwegian women the right to vote in parliamentary elections.
    • 1919 – John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from St. John’s, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
    • 1926 – Brazil leaves the League of Nations.
    • 1937 – Pennsylvania becomes the first (and only) state of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.
    • 1937 – U.S. House of Representatives passes the Marihuana Tax Act.
    • 1940 – World War II: The German occupation of Paris begins.
    • 1940 – The Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Lithuania resulting in Lithuanian loss of independence.
    • 1940 – Seven hundred twenty-eight Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first inmates of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
    • 1941 – June deportation: the first major wave of Soviet mass deportations and murder of Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians, begins.
    • 1944 – World War II: After several failed attempts, the British Army abandons Operation Perch, its plan to capture the German-occupied town of Caen.
    • 1945 – World War II: Filipino troops of the Philippine Commonwealth Army liberate the captured in Ilocos Sur and start the Battle of Bessang Pass in Northern Luzon.
    • 1949 – Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rides a V-2 rocket to an altitude of 134 km (83 mi), thereby becoming the first monkey in space.
    • 1951 – UNIVAC I is dedicated by the U.S. Census Bureau.
    • 1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words “under God” into the United States Pledge of Allegiance.
    • 1955 – Chile becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
    • 1959 – Disneyland Monorail System, the first daily operating monorail system in the Western Hemisphere, opens to the public in Anaheim, California.
    • 1959 – Dominican exiles depart from Cuba and land in the Dominican Republic to overthrow the totalitarian government of Rafael Trujillo. All but four are killed or executed.
    • 1962 – The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris – later becoming the European Space Agency.
    • 1966 – The Vatican announces the abolition of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum (“index of prohibited books”), which was originally instituted in 1557.
    • 1967 – Mariner program: Mariner 5 is launched towards Venus.
    • 1982 – Falklands War: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley conditionally surrender to British forces.
    • 1986 – The Mindbender derails and kills three riders at the Fantasyland (known today as Galaxyland) indoor amusement park in Edmonton, Alberta.
    • 1994 – The 1994 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot occurs after the New York Rangers win the Stanley Cup from Vancouver, causing an estimated C$1.1 million, leading to 200 arrests and injuries.
    • 2002 – Near-Earth asteroid 2002 MN misses the Earth by 75,000 miles (121,000 km), about one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Moon.
    • 2014 – A Ukraine military Ilyushin Il-76 airlifter is shot down, killing all 49 people on board.
    • 2017 – London: A fire in a high-rise apartment building in North Kensington leaves 72 people dead and another 74 injured.
    • 2017 – In Alexandria, Virginia, Republican member of Congress and House Majority Whip Steve Scalise of Louisiana is shot while practicing for charity baseball.

    Births on June 14

    • 1444 – Nilakantha Somayaji, Indian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1544)
    • 1463 – Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1514)
    • 1479 – Giglio Gregorio Giraldi, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1552)
    • 1529 – Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (d. 1595)
    • 1627 – Johann Abraham Ihle, German astronomer (d. 1699)
    • 1691 – Jan Francisci, Slovak organist and composer (d. 1758)
    • 1726 – Thomas Pennant, Welsh ornithologist and historian (d. 1798)
    • 1730 – Antonio Sacchini, Italian composer and educator (d. 1786)
    • 1736 – Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist and engineer (d. 1806)
    • 1763 – Simon Mayr, German composer and educator (d. 1845)
    • 1780 – Henry Salt, English historian and diplomat, British Consul-General in Egypt (d. 1827)
    • 1796 – Nikolai Brashman, Czech-Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1866)
    • 1798 – František Palacký, Czech historian and politician (d. 1876)
    • 1801 – Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader (d. 1868)
    • 1811 – Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author and activist (d. 1896)
    • 1812 – Fernando Wood, American merchant and politician, 73rd Mayor of New York City (d. 1881)
    • 1819 – Henry Gardner, American merchant and politician, 23rd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1892)
    • 1820 – John Bartlett, American author and publisher (d. 1905)
    • 1829 – Bernard Petitjean, French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (d. 1884)
    • 1838 – Yamagata Aritomo, Japanese Field Marshal and politician, 3rd and 9th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1922)
    • 1840 – William F. Nast, American businessman (d. 1893)
    • 1848 – Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and theorist (d. 1923)
    • 1848 – Max Erdmannsdörfer, German conductor and composer (d. 1905)
    • 1855 – Robert M. La Follette, American lawyer and politician, 20th Governor of Wisconsin (d. 1925)
    • 1856 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1922)
    • 1862 – John Ulric Nef, Swiss-American chemist and academic (d. 1915)
    • 1864 – Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (d. 1915)
    • 1868 – Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
    • 1868 – Anna B. Eckstein, German peace activist (d. 1947)
    • 1870 – Sophia of Prussia (d. 1932)
    • 1871 – Hermanus Brockmann, Dutch rower (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Jacob Ellehammer, Danish mechanic and engineer (d. 1946)
    • 1872 – János Szlepecz, Slovene priest and author (d. 1936)
    • 1877 – Jane Bathori, French soprano (d. 1970)
    • 1877 – Ida MacLean, British biochemist, the first woman admitted to the London Chemical Society (d. 1944)
    • 1878 – Léon Thiébaut, French fencer (d. 1943)
    • 1879 – Arthur Duffey, American sprinter and coach (d. 1955)
    • 1884 – John McCormack, Irish tenor and actor (d. 1945)
    • 1884 – Georg Zacharias, German swimmer (d. 1953)
    • 1890 – May Allison, American actress (d. 1989)
    • 1894 – Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1924)
    • 1894 – José Carlos Mariátegui (d. 1930)
    • 1894 – W. W. E. Ross, Canadian geophysicist and poet (d. 1966)
    • 1895 – Jack Adams, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 1968)
    • 1900 – Ruth Nanda Anshen, American writer, editor, and philosopher (d. 2003)
    • 1900 – June Walker, American stage and film actress (d. 1966)
    • 1903 – Alonzo Church, American mathematician and logician (d. 1995)
    • 1903 – Rose Rand, Austrian-American logician and philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1980)
    • 1904 – Margaret Bourke-White, American photographer and journalist (d. 1971)
    • 1905 – Steve Broidy, American businessman (d. 1991)
    • 1905 – Arthur Davis, American animator and director (d. 2000)
    • 1907 – Nicolas Bentley, English author and illustrator (d. 1978)
    • 1907 – René Char, French poet and author (d. 1988)
    • 1909 – Burl Ives, American actor and singer (d. 1995)
    • 1910 – Rudolf Kempe, German pianist and conductor (d. 1976)
    • 1913 – Joe Morris, English-Canadian lieutenant and trade union leader (d. 1996)
    • 1916 – Dorothy McGuire, American actress (d. 2001)
    • 1917 – Lise Nørgaard, Danish journalist, author, and screenwriter
    • 1917 – Gilbert Prouteau, French poet and director (d. 2012)
    • 1917 – Atle Selberg, Norwegian-American mathematician and academic (d. 2007)
    • 1918 – Fred Baur, American chemist and founder of Pringles (d. 2008)
    • 1919 – Gene Barry, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Sam Wanamaker, American actor and director (d. 1993)
    • 1921 – Martha Greenhouse, American actress (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Judith Kerr, German-English author and illustrator (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Green Wix Unthank, American soldier, lawyer, and judge (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – James Black, Scottish pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Pierre Salinger, American journalist and politician, 11th White House Press Secretary (d. 2004)
    • 1926 – Don Newcombe, American baseball player (d. 2019)
    • 1928 – Ernesto “Che” Guevara, Argentinian-Cuban physician, author, guerrilla leader and politician (d. 1967)
    • 1929 – Cy Coleman, American pianist and composer (d. 2004)
    • 1929 – Alan Davidson, Australian cricketer
    • 1929 – Johnny Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1931 – Marla Gibbs, American actress and comedian
    • 1931 – Ross Higgins, Australian actor (d. 2016)
    • 1931 – Junior Walker, American saxophonist (d. 1995)
    • 1933 – Jerzy Kosiński, Polish-American novelist and screenwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1933 – Vladislav Rastorotsky, Russian gymnast and coach
    • 1936 – Renaldo Benson, American singer-songwriter (d. 2005)
    • 1936 – Irmelin Sandman Lilius, Finnish author, poet, and translator
    • 1938 – Julie Felix, American-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2020)
    • 1939 – Steny Hoyer, American lawyer and politician
    • 1939 – Peter Mayle, English author and screenwriter (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – Colin Thubron, English journalist and author
    • 1942 – Jonathan Raban, English author and academic
    • 1942 – Roberto García-Calvo Montiel, Spanish judge (d. 2008)
    • 1943 – Barry Burman, English painter and academic (d. 2001)
    • 1943 – Jennifer Gretton, Baroness Gretton, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire
    • 1943 – John Miles, English racing driver and journalist
    • 1943 – Harold Wheeler, American composer, conductor, and producer
    • 1944 – Laurie Colwin, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1992)
    • 1945 – Rod Argent, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1945 – Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (d. 2012)
    • 1945 – Richard Stebbins, American sprinter and educator
    • 1946 – Robert Louis-Dreyfus, French-Swiss businessman (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Tõnu Sepp, Estonian instrument maker and educator
    • 1946 – Donald Trump, American businessman, television personality and 45th President of the United States
    • 1947 – Roger Liddle, Baron Liddle, English politician
    • 1947 – Barry Melton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1947 – Paul Rudolph, Canadian singer, guitarist, and cyclist
    • 1948 – Laurence Yep, American author and playwright
    • 1949 – Jim Lea, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1949 – Roger Powell, English-Australian scientist and academic
    • 1949 – Antony Sher, South African-British actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Harry Turtledove, American historian and author
    • 1949 – Alan White, English drummer and songwriter
    • 1950 – Rowan Williams, Welsh archbishop and theologian
    • 1951 – Paul Boateng, English lawyer and politician, British High Commissioner to South Africa
    • 1951 – Danny Edwards, American golfer
    • 1952 – Robert Lepikson, Estonian racing driver and politician, Estonian Minister of the Interior (d. 2006)
    • 1952 – Pat Summitt, American basketball player and coach (d. 2016)
    • 1952 – Leon Wieseltier, American philosopher, journalist, and critic
    • 1953 – Janet Mackey, New Zealand lawyer and politician
    • 1954 – Will Patton, American actor
    • 1955 – Michael D. Duvall, American businessman and politician
    • 1955 – Paul O’Grady, English television host, producer, and drag performer
    • 1955 – Kirron Kher, Indian theatre, film & television actress, TV talk show host, politician and Member of Parliament
    • 1956 – Fred Funk, American golfer and coach
    • 1956 – King Diamond (Kim Bendix Petersen), heavy metal musician
    • 1957 – Suzanne Nora Johnson, American lawyer and businesswoman
    • 1957 – Mona Simpson, American novelist
    • 1958 – Pamela Geller, American activist and blogger
    • 1959 – Marcus Miller, American bass player, composer, and producer
    • 1960 – Tonie Campbell, American hurdler
    • 1960 – Mike Laga, American baseball player
    • 1961 – Boy George, English singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1961 – Dušan Kojić, Serbian singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1961 – Sam Perkins, American basketball player
    • 1963 – Grant Kenny, Australian iron man and canoeist
    • 1964 – Peter Gilliver, English lexicographer and academic
    • 1967 – Dedrick Dodge, American football player and coach
    • 1968 – Campbell Brown, American journalist
    • 1968 – Faizon Love, Cuban-American actor and screenwriter
    • 1969 – Éric Desjardins, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1969 – Steffi Graf, German tennis player
    • 1970 – Heather McDonald, American comedian, actress, and author
    • 1971 – Bruce Bowen, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Ramon Vega, Swiss footballer
    • 1972 – Rick Brunson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1972 – Matthias Ettrich, German computer scientist and engineer, founded KDE
    • 1972 – Dominic Brown, English guitarist and songwriter
    • 1972 – Claude Henderson, South African cricketer
    • 1972 – Danny McFarlane, Jamaican hurdler and sprinter
    • 1973 – Sami Kapanen, Finnish-American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1976 – Alan Carr, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Massimo Oddo, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Boeta Dippenaar, South African cricketer
    • 1977 – Chris McAlister, American football player
    • 1977 – Joe Worsley, English rugby player and coach
    • 1978 – Steve Bégin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Diablo Cody, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1978 – Annia Hatch, Cuban-American gymnast and coach
    • 1978 – Nikola Vujčić, Croatian former professional basketball player
    • 1979 – Shannon Hegarty, Australian rugby league player
    • 1981 – Elano, Brazilian footballer and manager
    • 1982 – Jamie Green, English racing driver
    • 1982 – Nicole Irving, Australian swimmer
    • 1982 – Lang Lang, Chinese pianist
    • 1983 – Trevor Barry, Bahamian high jumper
    • 1983 – Louis Garrel, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1984 – Lorenzo Booker, American football player
    • 1984 – Mark Cosgrove, Australian cricketer
    • 1984 – Siobhán Donaghy, English singer-songwriter
    • 1984 – Yury Prilukov, Russian swimmer
    • 1985 – Oleg Medvedev. Russian luger
    • 1985 – Andy Soucek, Spanish racing driver
    • 1986 – Matt Read, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Andrew Cogliano, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Mohamed Diamé, Senegalese footballer
    • 1988 – Adrián Aldrete, Mexican footballer
    • 1988 – Kevin McHale, American actor, singer, dancer and radio personality
    • 1989 – Lucy Hale, American actress and singer-songwriter
    • 1989 – Brad Takairangi, Australian-Cook Islands rugby league player
    • 1990 – Patrice Cormier, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Stephen McLaughlin, Irish footballer
    • 1991 – Kostas Manolas, Greek footballer
    • 1991 – Jesy Nelson, English singer
    • 1992 – Devante Smith-Pelly, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1993 – Gunna, American rapper
    • 1993 – Ryan McCartan, American actor and singer
    • 1999 – Tzuyu, Taiwanese singer

    Deaths on June 14

    • 809 – Ōtomo no Otomaro, Japanese general (b. 731)
    • 847 – Methodius I, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 957 – Guadamir, bishop of Vic (Spain)
    • 976 – Aron, Bulgarian nobleman
    • 1161 – Emperor Qinzong of the Song dynasty (b. 1100)
    • 1205 – Walter III, Count of Brienne
    • 1349 – Günther von Schwarzburg, German king (b. 1304)
    • 1381 – Simon Sudbury, English archbishop (b. 1316)
    • 1497 – Giovanni Borgia, 2nd Duke of Gandía, Italian son of Pope Alexander VI (b. 1474)
    • 1516 – John III of Navarre (b. 1469)
    • 1544 – Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1489)
    • 1548 – Carpentras, French composer (b. 1470)
    • 1583 – Shibata Katsuie, Japanese samurai (b. 1522)
    • 1594 – Jacob Kroger, German goldsmith, hanged in Edinburgh for stealing the jewels of Anne of Denmark.
    • 1594 – Orlande de Lassus, Flemish composer and educator (b. 1532)
    • 1662 – Henry Vane the Younger, English-American politician, Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1613)
    • 1674 – Marin le Roy de Gomberville, French author and poet (b. 1600)
    • 1679 – Guillaume Courtois, French painter and illustrator (b. 1628)
    • 1746 – Colin Maclaurin, Scottish mathematician (b. 1698)
    • 1794 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English courtier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1718)
    • 1800 – Louis Desaix, French general (b. 1768)
    • 1800 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (b. 1753)
    • 1801 – Benedict Arnold, American general during the American Revolution later turned British spy (b. 1741)
    • 1825 – Pierre Charles L’Enfant, French-American architect and engineer, designed Washington, D.C. (b. 1754)
    • 1837 – Giacomo Leopardi, Italian poet and philosopher (b. 1798)
    • 1864 – Leonidas Polk, American general and bishop (b. 1806)
    • 1887 – Mary Carpenter, English educational and social reformer (b. 1807)
    • 1883 – Edward FitzGerald, English poet and author (b. 1809)
    • 1886 – Alexander Ostrovsky, Russian director and playwright (b. 1823)
    • 1907 – William Le Baron Jenney, American architect and engineer, designed the Home Insurance Building (b. 1832)
    • 1907 – Bartolomé Masó, Cuban soldier and politician (b. 1830)
    • 1908 – Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, English captain and politician, 6th Governor General of Canada (b. 1841)
    • 1914 – Adlai Stevenson I, American lawyer and politician, 23rd Vice President of the United States (b. 1835)
    • 1916 – João Simões Lopes Neto, Brazilian author (b. 1865)
    • 1920 – Max Weber, German sociologist and economist (b. 1864)
    • 1923 – Isabelle Bogelot, French philanthropist (b. 1838)
    • 1926 – Mary Cassatt, American-French painter (b. 1843)
    • 1927 – Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (b. 1894)
    • 1927 – Jerome K. Jerome, English author (b. 1859)
    • 1928 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English activist and academic (b. 1857)
    • 1932 – Dorimène Roy Desjardins, Canadian businesswoman, co-founded Desjardins Group (b. 1858)
    • 1933 – Justinien de Clary, French target shooter (b. 1860)
    • 1936 – G. K. Chesterton, English essayist, poet, playwright, and novelist (b. 1874)
    • 1936 – Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter, and designer, designed the IG Farben Building (b. 1869)
    • 1946 – John Logie Baird, Scottish-English physicist and engineer (b. 1888)
    • 1946 – Jorge Ubico, 21st President of Guatemala (b. 1878)
    • 1953 – Tom Cole, Welsh-American racing driver (b. 1922)
    • 1968 – Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian novelist and poet, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1901)
    • 1972 – Dündar Taşer, Turkish soldier and politician (b. 1925)
    • 1977 – Robert Middleton, American actor (b. 1911)
    • 1977 – Alan Reed, American actor, original voice of Fred Flintstone (b.1907)
    • 1979 – Ahmad Zahir, Afghan singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
    • 1980 – Charles Miller, American saxophonist and flute player (b. 1939)
    • 1986 – Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator (b. 1899)
    • 1986 – Alan Jay Lerner, American composer and songwriter (b. 1918)
    • 1987 – Stanisław Bareja, Polish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 1990 – Erna Berger, German soprano and actress (b. 1900)
    • 1991 – Peggy Ashcroft, English actress (b. 1907)
    • 1994 – Lionel Grigson, English pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1942)
    • 1994 – Henry Mancini, American composer and conductor (b. 1924)
    • 1994 – Marcel Mouloudji, French singer and actor (b. 1922)
    • 1995 – Els Aarne, Ukrainian-Estonian pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1917)
    • 1995 – Rory Gallagher, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1949)
    • 1995 – Roger Zelazny, American author and poet (b. 1937)
    • 1996 – Noemí Gerstein, Argentinian sculptor and illustrator (b. 1908)
    • 1997 – Richard Jaeckel, American actor (b. 1926)
    • 1999 – Bernie Faloney, American-Canadian football player and sportscaster (b. 1932)
    • 2000 – Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and author (b. 1911)
    • 2002 – June Jordan, American author and activist (b. 1936)
    • 2003 – Dale Whittington, American race car driver (b. 1959)
    • 2004 – Ulrich Inderbinen, Swiss mountaineer and guide (b. 1900)
    • 2005 – Carlo Maria Giulini, Italian conductor and director (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Mimi Parent, Canadian-Swiss painter (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Monty Berman, English director, producer, and cinematographer (b. 1905)
    • 2006 – Jean Roba, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – Ruth Graham, Chinese-American author, poet, and painter (b. 1920)
    • 2007 – Robin Olds, American general and pilot (b. 1922)
    • 2007 – Kurt Waldheim, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Austrian politician, 9th President of Austria (b. 1918)
    • 2009 – Bob Bogle, American musician (The Ventures) (b. 1934)
    • 2009 – William McIntyre, Canadian soldier, lawyer, and judge (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Peter Archer, Baron Archer of Sandwell, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Bob Chappuis, American football player and soldier (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Margie Hyams, American pianist and vibraphone player (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Karl-Heinz Kämmerling, German pianist and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (b. 1945)
    • 2012 – Gitta Sereny, Austrian-English historian, journalist, and author (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Elroy Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Alberto Cañas Escalante, Costa Rican journalist and politician (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Isabelle Collin Dufresne, French actress (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Robert Lebeck, German photographer and journalist (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – James E. Rogers, American lawyer, businessman, and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2015 – Richard Cotton, Australian geneticist and academic (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Anne Nicol Gaylor, American activist, co-founded the Freedom From Religion Foundation (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Qiao Shi, Chinese politician (b. 1924)
    • 2016 – Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress and singer (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Gilles Lamontagne, Canadian politician, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1919)
    • 2020 – Sushant Singh Rajput, Indian film actor (b. 1986)

    Holidays and observances on June 14

    • Christian feast day:
      • Burchard of Meissen
      • Caomhán of Inisheer
      • Elisha (Roman Catholic and Lutheran)
      • Fortunatus of Naples (Roman Catholic)
      • Blessed Francisca de Paula de Jesus (Nhá Chica)
      • Joseph the Hymnographer (Roman Catholic: Orthodox April 3)
      • Methodios I of Constantinople
      • Quintian of Rodez (Rodez)
      • Richard Baxter (Church of England)
      • Valerius and Rufinus
      • June 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Commemoration of the Soviet Deportation related observances:
      • Baltic Freedom Day (United States)
      • Mourning and Commemoration Day or Leinapäev (Estonia)
      • Mourning and Hope Day (Lithuania)
    • Day of Memory for Repressed People (Armenia)
    • Flag Day (United States)
    • Freedom Day (Malawi)
    • Liberation Day (Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands)
    • World Blood Donor Day
  • March 14- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under Charles, Duke of Mayenne, during the French Wars of Religion.
    • 1647 – Thirty Years’ War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.
    • 1663 – According to his own account, Otto von Guericke completes his book De Vacuo.
    • 1674 – The Third Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of Ronas Voe results in the Dutch East India Company ship Wapen van Rotterdam being captured with a death toll of up to 300 Dutch crew and soldiers.
    • 1757 – Admiral Sir John Byng is executed by firing squad aboard HMS Monarch for breach of the Articles of War.
    • 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans.
    • 1794 – Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.
    • 1885 – The Mikado, a light opera by W. S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance at the Savoy Theatre in London.
    • 1900 – The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing the United States currency on the gold standard.
    • 1903 – Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, the first national wildlife refuge in the US, is established by President Theodore Roosevelt.
    • 1920 – In the second of the 1920 Schleswig plebiscites, about 80% of the population in Zone II votes to remain part of Weimar Germany.
    • 1926 – The El Virilla train accident, Costa Rica, kills 248 people and wounds another 93 when a train falls off a bridge over the Río Virilla between Heredia and Tibás.
    • 1931 – Alam Ara, India’s first talking film, is released.
    • 1939 – Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.
    • 1942 – Anne Miller becomes the first American patient to be treated with penicillin, under the care of Orvan Hess and John Bumstead.
    • 1943 – The liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto is completed.
    • 1945 – The R.A.F. drop the Grand Slam bomb in action for the first time, on a railway viaduct near Bielefeld, Germany.
    • 1951 – Korean War: United Nations troops recapture Seoul for the second time.
    • 1961 – A USAF B-52 bomber crashes near near Yuba City, California whilst carrying nuclear weapons.
    • 1964 – Jack Ruby is convicted of killing Lee Harvey Oswald, the assumed assassin of John F. Kennedy.
    • 1967 – The body of U.S. President John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent burial place at Arlington National Cemetery.
    • 1978 – The Israel Defense Forces launch Operation Litani, a seven-day campaign to invade and occupy southern Lebanon.
    • 1980 – LOT Flight 7 crashes during final approach near Warsaw, Poland, killing 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.
    • 1982 – The South African government bombs the headquarters of the African National Congress in London.
    • 1988 – In the Johnson South Reef Skirmish Chinese forces defeat Vietnamese forces in an altercation over control of one of the Spratly Islands.
    • 1995 – Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on board a Russian launch vehicle.
    • 2006 – The 2006 Chadian coup d’état attempt ends in failure.
    • 2007 – The Nandigram violence in Nandigram, West Bengal results in the deaths of at least 14 people.
    • 2008 – A series of riots, protests, and demonstrations erupt in Lhasa and subsequently spread elsewhere in Tibet.
    • 2019 – Cyclone Idai makes landfall near Beira, Mozambique, causing devastating floods and over 1000 deaths.

    Births on March 14

    • 1638 – Johann Georg Gichtel, German mystic (d. 1710)
    • 1790 – Ludwig Emil Grimm, German painter and engraver (d. 1863)
    • 1800 – James Bogardus, American inventor and architect (d. 1874)
    • 1801 – Kristjan Jaak Peterson, Estonian poet (d. 1822)
    • 1804 – Johann Strauss I, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1849)
    • 1813 – Joseph P. Bradley, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1892)
    • 1820 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (d. 1878)
    • 1822 – Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies (d. 1889)
    • 1823 – Théodore de Banville, French poet and critic (d. 1891)
    • 1833 – Frederic Shields, English painter and illustrator (d. 1911)
    • 1833 – Lucy Hobbs Taylor, American dentist and educator (d. 1910)
    • 1835 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer and historian (d. 1910)
    • 1836 – Isabella Beeton, English author of Mrs Beeton’s Book of Household Management (d. 1865)
    • 1837 – Charles Ammi Cutter, American librarian (d. 1903)
    • 1844 – Umberto I of Italy (d. 1900)
    • 1844 – Arthur O’Shaughnessy, English poet and herpetologist (d. 1881)
    • 1847 – Castro Alves, Brazilian poet and playwright (d. 1871)
    • 1853 – Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)
    • 1854 – Paul Ehrlich, German physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1915)
    • 1854 – John Lane, English publisher, co-founded The Bodley Head (d. 1925)
    • 1854 – Alexandru Macedonski, Romanian author and poet (d. 1920)
    • 1854 – Thomas R. Marshall, American lawyer and politician, 28th Vice President of the United States of America (d. 1925)
    • 1862 – Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist and meteorologist (d. 1951)
    • 1863 – Casey Jones, American engineer (d. 1900)
    • 1868 – Emily Murphy, Canadian jurist, author, and activist (d. 1933)
    • 1869 – Algernon Blackwood, English author and playwright (d. 1951)
    • 1874 – Anton Philips, Dutch businessman, co-founded Philips Electronics (d. 1951)
    • 1879 – Albert Einstein, German-American physicist, engineer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
    • 1882 – Wacław Sierpiński, Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1969)
    • 1885 – Raoul Lufbery, French-American soldier and pilot (d. 1918)
    • 1886 – Firmin Lambot, Belgian cyclist (d. 1964)
    • 1887 – Sylvia Beach, American-French publisher, founded Shakespeare and Company (d. 1962)
    • 1898 – Reginald Marsh, French-American painter and illustrator (d. 1954)
    • 1899 – K. C. Irving, Canadian businessman, founded Irving Oil (d. 1992)
    • 1901 – Sid Atkinson, South African hurdler and long jumper (d. 1977)
    • 1903 – Adolph Gottlieb, American painter and sculptor (d. 1974)
    • 1904 – Doris Eaton Travis, American actress and dancer (d. 2010)
    • 1905 – Raymond Aron, French journalist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1983)
    • 1906 – Ulvi Cemal Erkin, Turkish composer and educator (d. 1972)
    • 1908 – Ed Heinemann, American designer of military aircraft (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – Maurice Merleau-Ponty, French philosopher and academic (d. 1961)
    • 1908 – Philip Conrad Vincent, English engineer and businessman, founded Vincent Motorcycles (d. 1979)
    • 1911 – Akira Yoshizawa, Japanese origamist (d. 2005)
    • 1912 – Cliff Bastin, English footballer (d. 1991)
    • 1912 – Les Brown, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2001)
    • 1912 – W. Graham Claytor, Jr. American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – W. Willard Wirtz, American lawyer and politician, 10th United States Secretary of Labor (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Lee Hays, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)
    • 1914 – Bill Owen, English actor and songwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Lee Petty, American race car driver and businessman, founded Petty Enterprises (d. 2000)
    • 1915 – Alexander Brott, Canadian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2005)
    • 1916 – Horton Foote, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1917 – Alan Smith, English lieutenant and pilot (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Zoia Horn, American librarian (d. 2014)
    • 1919 – Max Shulman, American author and screenwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1920 – Hank Ketcham, American author and cartoonist, created Dennis the Menace (d. 2001)
    • 1920 – Dorothy Tyler-Odam, English high jumper (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – S. Truett Cathy, American businessman, founded Chick-fil-A (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Ada Louise Huxtable, American author and critic (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Les Baxter, American pianist and composer (d. 1996)
    • 1923 – Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)
    • 1925 – William Clay Ford, Sr., American businessman (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Joseph A. Unanue, American sergeant and businessman (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – François Morel, Canadian pianist, composer, conductor, and educator (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Frank Borman, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1928 – Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (d. 1980)
    • 1929 – Bob Goalby, American golfer
    • 1932 – Mark Murphy, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2015)
    • 1932 – Naina Yeltsina, Russian wife of Boris Yeltsin, First Lady of Russia
    • 1933 – Michael Caine, English actor and author
    • 1933 – Quincy Jones, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer
    • 1934 – Eugene Cernan, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Paul Rader, American 15th General of The Salvation Army
    • 1936 – Bob Charles, New Zealand golfer
    • 1937 – Peter van der Merwe, South African cricketer and referee (d. 2013)
    • 1938 – Eleanor Bron, English actress and screenwriter
    • 1938 – Jan Crouch, American televangelist, co-founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (d. 2016)
    • 1938 – John Gleeson, Australian cricketer (d. 2016)
    • 1939 – Raymond J. Barry, American actor
    • 1939 – Bertrand Blier, French director and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Yves Boisset, French director and screenwriter
    • 1941 – Wolfgang Petersen, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1942 – Rita Tushingham, English actress
    • 1943 – Anita Morris, American actress and singer (d. 1994)
    • 1944 – Boris Brott, Canadian composer and conductor
    • 1944 – Václav Nedomanský, Czech ice hockey player and manager
    • 1944 – Bobby Smith, English footballer and manager
    • 1944 – Tom Stannage, Australian historian and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1945 – Jasper Carrott, English comedian, actor, and game show host
    • 1945 – Michael Martin Murphey, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Walter Parazaider, American saxophonist
    • 1946 – William Lerach, American securities and class action attorney
    • 1946 – Wes Unseld, American basketball player, coach, and manager
    • 1947 – Roy Budd, English pianist and composer (d. 1993)
    • 1947 – William J. Jefferson, American lawyer and politician
    • 1947 – Jona Lewie, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1948 – Tom Coburn, American physician and politician (d. 2020)
    • 1948 – Billy Crystal, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Theo Jansen, Dutch sculptor
    • 1950 – Rick Dees, American actor and radio host
    • 1951 – Jerry Greenfield, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Ben & Jerry’s
    • 1953 – Nick Keir, Scottish singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1955 – Jonathan Kaufer, American director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1956 – Alexey Pajitnov, Russian video game designer and computer engineer, creator of Tetris
    • 1956 – Butch Wynegar, American baseball player and coach
    • 1957 – Tad Williams, American author
    • 1958 – Albert II, Prince of Monaco
    • 1959 – Laila Robins, American actress
    • 1959 – Tamara Tunie, American actress
    • 1960 – Heidi Hammel, American astronomer and academic
    • 1961 – Garry Jack, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1961 – Mike Lazaridis, Turkish–Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded BlackBerry Limited
    • 1963 – Bruce Reid, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1965 – Kevin Brown, American baseball player and coach
    • 1965 – Aamir Khan, Indian film actor, producer, and director
    • 1965 – Billy Sherwood, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1965 – Kevin Williamson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Jonas Elmer, Danish actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Elise Neal, American actress and producer
    • 1968 – Megan Follows, Canadian-American actress
    • 1969 – Larry Johnson, American basketball player and actor
    • 1970 – Kristian Bush, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1972 – Irom Chanu Sharmila, Indian poet and activist
    • 1973 – Rohit Shetty, Indian film director and producer
    • 1974 – Patrick Traverse, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Steve Harper, English footballer and referee
    • 1975 – Dmitri Markov, Belarusian-Australian pole vaulter
    • 1976 – Phil Vickery, English rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Vadims Fjodorovs, Latvian footballer and coach
    • 1977 – Naoki Matsuda, Japanese footballer (d. 2011)
    • 1977 – Jeremy Paul, New Zealand-Australian rugby player
    • 1978 – Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
    • 1979 – Nicolas Anelka, French footballer and manager
    • 1979 – Chris Klein, American actor
    • 1979 – Sead Ramović, German-Bosnian footballer
    • 1980 – Aaron Brown, English footballer and coach
    • 1980 – Ben Herring, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1981 – Bobby Jenks, American baseball player
    • 1981 – George Wilson, American football player
    • 1982 – Carlos Marinelli, Argentinian footballer
    • 1982 – François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (d. 2008)
    • 1983 – Bakhtiyar Artayev, Kazakh boxer
    • 1986 – Elton Chigumbura, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1986 – Jessica Gallagher, Australian skier and cyclist
    • 1986 – Andy Taylor, English footballer
    • 1988 – Stephen Curry, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Rico Freimuth, German decathlete
    • 1989 – Kevin Lacroix, Canadian race car driver
    • 1990 – Joe Allen, Welsh footballer
    • 1990 – Tamás Kádár, Hungarian footballer
    • 1990 – Haru Kuroki, Japanese actress
    • 1990 – Kolbeinn Sigþórsson, Icelandic footballer
    • 1991 – Emir Bekrić, Serbian hurdler
    • 1991 – László Szűcs, Hungarian footballer
    • 1991 – Steven Zellner, German footballer
    • 1993 – Philipp Ziereis, German footballer
    • 1994 – Ansel Elgort, American actor and DJ
    • 1996 – Batuhan Altıntaş, Turkish footballer
    • 1997 – Simone Biles, American gymnast
    • 2008 – Abby Ryder Fortson, American actress

    Deaths on March 14

    • 840 – Einhard, Frankish scholar
    • 968 – Matilda of Ringelheim, Saxon queen (b. c. 896)
    • 1555 – John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (b. 1485)
    • 1647 – Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (b. 1584)
    • 1648 – Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general and politician (b. 1584)
    • 1696 – Jean Domat, French lawyer and jurist (b. 1625)
    • 1748 – George Wade, Irish field marshal and politician (b. 1673)
    • 1757 – John Byng, British admiral and politician, 11th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1704)
    • 1791 – Johann Salomo Semler, German historian and critic (b. 1725)
    • 1803 – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet (b. 1724)
    • 1811 – Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1735)
    • 1823 – Charles François Dumouriez, French general and politician, French Minister of War (b. 1739)
    • 1860 – Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian engineer, designed the Semmering railway (b. 1802)
    • 1877 – Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentinian general and politician, 17th Governor of Buenos Aires Province (b. 1793)
    • 1883 – Karl Marx, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1818)
    • 1884 – Quintino Sella, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finances (b. 1827)
    • 1932 – George Eastman, American inventor and businessman, founded Eastman Kodak (b. 1854)
    • 1953 – Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovak Communist politician and 14th President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1896)
    • 1957 – Evagoras Pallikarides, Cypriot activist (b. 1938)
    • 1965 – Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis player (b. 1879)
    • 1968 – Erwin Panofsky, German historian and academic (b. 1892)
    • 1969 – Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-American painter, illustrator, and educator (b. 1898)
    • 1973 – Howard H. Aiken, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1900)
    • 1973 – Chic Young, American cartoonist (b. 1901)
    • 1975 – Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)
    • 1976 – Busby Berkeley, American director and choreographer (b. 1895)
    • 1977 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American activist and philanthropist (b. 1917)
    • 1980 – Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Indonesia (b. 1902)
    • 1980 – Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (b. 1928)
    • 1984 – Hovhannes Shiraz, Armenian poet (b. 1915)
    • 1989 – Zita of Bourbon-Parma, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary (b. 1892)
    • 1991 – Howard Ashman, American playwright and composer (b. 1950)
    • 1995 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
    • 1997 – Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-American director and producer (b. 1907)
    • 1999 – Kirk Alyn, American actor (b. 1910)
    • 1999 – John Broome, American author (b. 1913)
    • 2003 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian-American painter (b. 1945)
    • 2003 – Jean-Luc Lagardère, French engineer and businessman (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Lennart Meri, Estonian director and politician, 2nd President of Estonia (b. 1929)
    • 2007 – Lucie Aubrac, French educator and activist (b. 1912)
    • 2008 – Chiara Lubich, Italian activist, co-founded the Focolare Movement (b. 1920)
    • 2010 – Peter Graves, American actor (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Pierre Schoendoerffer, French director and screenwriter (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Ċensu Tabone, Maltese general and politician, 4th President of Malta (b. 1913)
    • 2013 – Jack Greene, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Aramais Sahakyan, Armenian poet and author (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Ieng Sary, Vietnamese-Cambodian politician, Cambodian Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Tony Benn, English politician, Postmaster General of the United Kingdom (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Meir Har-Zion, Israeli commander (b. 1934)
    • 2016 – John W. Cahn, German-American metallurgist and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer and conductor (b. 1934)
    • 2016 – Suranimala Rajapaksha, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1949)
    • 2018 – Jim Bowen, English stand-up comedian and TV personality (b. 1937)
    • 2018 – Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician and human rights activist (b. 1979)
    • 2018 – Stephen Hawking, English physicist and author (b. 1942)
    • 2018 – Liam O’Flynn, Irish uileann piper (b. 1945)
    • 2019 – Jake Phelps, American skateboarder and Thrasher editor-in-chief (b. 1962)

    Holidays and observances on March 14

    • Christian feast day:
      • Leobinus
      • March 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Andorra)
    • Heroes’ Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
    • Mother Tongue Day (Estonia)
    • Nanakshahi New Year, first day of the month of Chet (Sikhism)
    • Pi Day
    • Summer Day (Albania)
    • White Day on which men give gifts to women; complementary to Valentine’s Day (Japan and other Asian nations)
  • |

    Liechtenstein Quiz

    Liechtenstein Quiz Questions

    1. Which country is to the east of Liechtenstein?
    a) Belgium
    b) Ireland
    c) Austria
    d) Portugal

    2. Which is the capital of Liechtenstein?
    a) Eschen
    b) Planken
    c) Triessen
    d) Vaduz

    3. Which is the official language of Liechtenstein?
    a) Italian
    b) German
    c) Swedish
    d) Dutch

    4. Which is the currency of Liechtenstein?
    a) Euro
    b) Peso
    c) Krone
    d) Swiss Franc

    5. When did Liechtenstein become a member of European Free Trade Association?
    a) 1986
    b) 1994
    c) 1991
    d) 1972

    6. Which country is responsible for Liechtenstein’s defence?
    a) Switzerland
    b) Italy
    c) Cyprus
    d) Malta

    7. Who was the prince of Liechtenstein in 1938-1989?
    a) Rainier III
    b) Francis Joseph II
    c) Albert II
    d) Soulivong Savang

    8. Who was the prime minister of Liechtenstein in 2006?
    a) Nouhak Phoumsavan
    b) Francis Joseph II
    c) Otmas Hasler
    d) Hans Adam I

    9. When did the International Court of Justice reject Liechtenstein’s claim for damages from Germany for assets seized in 1945?
    a) 10 February 2005
    b) 24 May 2008
    c) 14 September 1994
    d) 4 December 1998

    10. When did Hans Adam II transfer day-to-day governing power in Liechtenstein to Alois?
    a) 14 March 2001
    b) 17 April 2006
    c) 15 August 2004
    d) 18 November 2000

    Liechtenstein Quiz Questions with Answers

    1. Which country is to the east of Liechtenstein?
    c) Austria

    2. Which is the capital of Liechtenstein?
    d) Vaduz

    3. Which is the official language of Liechtenstein?
    b) German

    4. Which is the currency of Liechtenstein?
    d) Swiss Franc

    5. When did Liechtenstein become a member of European Free Trade Association?
    c) 1991

    6. Which country is responsible for Liechtenstein’s defence?
    a) Switzerland

    7. Who was the prince of Liechtenstein in 1938-1989?
    b) Francis Joseph II

    8. Who was the prime minister of Liechtenstein in 2006?
    c) Otmas Hasler

    9. When did the International Court of Justice reject Liechtenstein’s claim for damages from Germany for assets seized in 1945?
    a) 10 February 2005

    10. When did Hans Adam II transfer day-to-day governing power in Liechtenstein to Alois?
    c) 15 August 2004