1744

September 30 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

It is the last day of the third quarter, the midway point of the second half of the year.

  • 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time.
  • 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture their baggage train.
  • 1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed king of England.
  • 1520 – Suleiman the Magnificent is proclaimed sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1541 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto and his forces enter Tula territory in present-day western Arkansas, encountering fierce resistance.
  • 1551 – A coup by the military establishment of Japan’s Ōuchi clan forces their lord to commit suicide, and their city is burned.
  • 1744 – War of the Austrian Succession: France and Spain defeat Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell’Olmo, but soon have to withdraw from Sardinia anyway.
  • 1791 – The first performance of Mozart’s opera The Magic Flute takes place two months before his death.
  • 1791 – France’s National Constituent Assembly is dissolved, to be replaced the next day by the National Legislative Assembly
  • 1882 – Thomas Edison’s first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation.
  • 1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
  • 1906 – The Royal Galician Academy, the Galician language’s biggest linguistic authority, starts working in La Coruña, Spain.
  • 1907 – The McKinley National Memorial, the final resting place of assassinated U.S. President William McKinley and his family, is dedicated in Canton, Ohio.
  • 1909 – The Cunard Line’s RMS Mauretania makes a record-breaking westbound crossing of the Atlantic, that will not be bettered for 20 years.
  • 1915 – World War I: Radoje Ljutovac becomes the first soldier in history to shoot down an enemy aircraft with ground-to-air fire.
  • 1922 – The University of Alabama opens the American football season with a 110–0 victory over the Marion Military Institute, which still stands as Alabama’s record for largest margin of victory and as their only 100 point game.
  • 1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.
  • 1931 – Start of “Die Voortrekkers” youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
  • 1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
  • 1938 – Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, whereby Germany annexes the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
  • 1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws “intentional bombings of civilian populations”.
  • 1939 – World War II: General Władysław Sikorski becomes prime minister of the Polish government-in-exile.
  • 1939 – NBC broadcasts the first televised American football game.
  • 1941 – World War II: The Babi Yar massacre comes to an end.
  • 1943 – The United States Merchant Marine Academy is dedicated by President Roosevelt.
  • 1945 – The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
  • 1947 – The 1947 World Series is the first to be televised, to include an African-American player, to exceed $2 million in receipts, to see a pinch-hit home run, and to have six umpires on the field.
  • 1947 – Pakistan joins the United Nations.
  • 1949 – The Berlin Airlift ends.
  • 1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world’s first nuclear-powered vessel.
  • 1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the National Farm Workers Association.
  • 1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying racial segregation rules.
  • 1965 – The Lockheed L-100, the civilian version of the C-130 Hercules, is introduced.
  • 1965 – In Indonesia, a coup by the 30 September Movement is crushed, leading to a mass anti-communist purge, with over 500,000 people killed.
  • 1966 – Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana.
  • 1967 – The BBC Light Programme, Third Programme and Home Service are replaced with BBC Radio 2, 3 and 4 Respectively, BBC Radio 1 is also launched.
  • 1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time.
  • 1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the PFLP for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson’s Field hijackings.
  • 1972 – Roberto Clemente records the 3,000th and final hit of his career.
  • 1975 – The AH-64 Apache makes its first flight. Eight years later, the first production model rolled out of the assembly line.
  • 1977 – Because of NASA budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program’s ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
  • 1980 – Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
  • 1990 – The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada’s capital city of Ottawa.
  • 1993 – The 6.2 Mw  Latur earthquake shakes Maharashtra, India with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.
  • 1994 – Aldwych tube station (originally Strand Station) of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years in service.
  • 1994 – Ongar railway station, the furthest London Underground from central London, closes.
  • 1999 – The Tokaimura nuclear accident causes the deaths of two technicians in Japan’s second-worst nuclear accident.
  • 2000 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: 12-year-old Muhammad al-Durrah is shot and killed on the second day of the Second Intifada.
  • 2004 – The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat itself is retired.
  • 2005 – Controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in a Danish newspaper.
  • 2009 – The 7.6 Mw  Sumatra earthquake leaves 1,115 people dead.
  • 2016 – Hurricane Matthew becomes a Category 5 hurricane, making it the strongest hurricane to form in the Caribbean Sea since 2007.
  • 2016 – Two paintings with a combined value of $100 million are recovered after having been stolen from the Van Gogh Museum in 2002.

Births on September 30

  • 1207 – Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
  • 1227 – Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)
  • 1530 – Girolamo Mercuriale, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
  • 1550 – Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1631)
  • 1622 – Johann Sebastiani, German composer (d. 1683)
  • 1689 – Jacques Aubert, French violinist and composer (d. 1753)
  • 1700 – Stanisław Konarski, Polish monk, poet, and playwright (d. 1773)
  • 1710 – John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, English politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 1771)
  • 1714 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French epistemologist and philosopher (d. 1780)
  • 1732 – Jacques Necker, Swiss-French politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1804)
  • 1743 – Christian Ehregott Weinlig, German cantor and composer (d. 1813)
  • 1765 – José María Morelos, Mexican priest and general (d. 1815)
  • 1800 – Decimus Burton, English architect, designed the Pharos Lighthouse (d. 1881)
  • 1813 – John Rae, Scottish physician and explorer (d. 1893)
  • 1814 – Lucinda Hinsdale Stone, American feminist, educator, and philanthropist (d. 1900)
  • 1827 – Ellis H. Roberts, American journalist and politician, 20th Treasurer of the United States (d. 1918)
  • 1832 – Ann Jarvis, American activist, co-founded Mother’s Day (d. 1905)
  • 1836 – Remigio Morales Bermúdez, Peruvian politician, 56th President of Peru (d. 1894)
  • 1852 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1924)
  • 1861 – William Wrigley, Jr., American businessman, founded Wrigley Company (d. 1932)
  • 1863 – Reinhard Scheer, German admiral (d. 1928)
  • 1870 – Thomas W. Lamont, American banker and philanthropist (d. 1948)
  • 1870 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French-American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
  • 1882 – Hans Geiger, German physicist and academic (d. 1945)
  • 1883 – Bernhard Rust, German educator and politician (d. 1945)
  • 1883 – Nora Stanton Blatch Barney, American civil engineer, architect, and suffragist (d. 1971)
  • 1887 – Lil Dagover, Indonesian-German actress (d. 1980)
  • 1893 – Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (d. 1964)
  • 1895 – Lewis Milestone, Moldovan-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1980)
  • 1897 – Gaspar Cassadó, Spanish cellist and composer (d. 1966)
  • 1897 – Alfred Wintle, Russian-English soldier and politician (d. 1966)
  • 1897 – Charlotte Wolff, German-English physician and psychotherapist (d. 1986)
  • 1898 – Renée Adorée, French-American actress (d. 1933)
  • 1898 – Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois (d. 1977)
  • 1898 – Edgar Parin d’Aulaire, German-American author and illustrator (d. 1986)
  • 1901 – Thelma Terry, American bassist and bandleader (d. 1966)
  • 1904 – Waldo Williams, Welsh poet and academic (d. 1971)
  • 1905 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
  • 1905 – Michael Powell, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
  • 1906 – Mireille Hartuch, French singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1996)
  • 1908 – David Oistrakh, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (d. 1974)
  • 1910 – Jussi Kekkonen, Finnish captain (d. 1962)
  • 1911 – Gustave Gilbert, American psychologist (d. 1977)
  • 1912 – Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
  • 1913 – Bill Walsh, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1975)
  • 1915 – Lester Maddox, American businessman and politician, 75th Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
  • 1917 – Yuri Lyubimov, Russian actor and director (d. 2014)
  • 1917 – Buddy Rich, American drummer, bandleader, and actor (d. 1987)
  • 1918 – Lewis Nixon, U.S. Army captain (d. 1995)
  • 1918 – René Rémond, French historian and economist (d. 2007)
  • 1919 – Roberto Bonomi, Argentinian race car driver (d. 1992)
  • 1919 – Elizabeth Gilels, Ukrainian-Russian violinist and educator (d. 2008)
  • 1919 – William L. Guy, American lieutenant and politician, 26th Governor of North Dakota (d. 2013)
  • 1919 – Patricia Neway, American soprano and actress (d. 2012)
  • 1921 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish-English actress (d. 2007)
  • 1921 – Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American cellist and educator (d. 2018)
  • 1922 – Lamont Johnson, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1922 – Hrishikesh Mukherjee, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
  • 1923 – Donald Swann, Welsh-English pianist and composer (d. 1994)
  • 1924 – Truman Capote, American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1984)
  • 1925 – Arkady Ostashev, Russian engineer and educator (d. 1998)
  • 1926 – Heino Kruus, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2012)
  • 1926 – Robin Roberts, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2010)
  • 1927 – W. S. Merwin, American poet and translator (d. 2019)
  • 1928 – Elie Wiesel, Romanian-American author, academic, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
  • 1928 – Ray Willsey, Canadian-American football player and coach (d. 2013)
  • 1929 – Carol Fenner, American author and illustrator (d. 2002)
  • 1929 – Vassilis Papazachos, Greek seismologist and academic
  • 1929 – Leticia Ramos-Shahani, Filipino politician, diplomat and writer (d. 2017)
  • 1929 – Dorothee Sölle, German theologian and author (d. 2003)
  • 1931 – Angie Dickinson, American actress
  • 1931 – Teresa Gorman, English educator and politician (d. 2015)
  • 1932 – Shintaro Ishihara, Japanese author, playwright, and politician, Governor of Tokyo
  • 1932 – Johnny Podres, American baseball player and coach (d. 2008)
  • 1933 – Michel Aoun, Lebanese general and politician, President of Lebanon
  • 1933 – Cissy Houston, American singer
  • 1934 – Alan A’Court, English footballer and manager (d. 2009)
  • 1934 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian-Swiss singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2014)
  • 1934 – Anna Kashfi, Indian-American actress (d. 2015)
  • 1935 – Johnny Mathis, American singer and actor
  • 1936 – Jim Sasser, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Ambassador to China
  • 1936 – Sevgi Soysal, Turkish author (d. 1976)
  • 1937 – Jurek Becker, Polish-German author (d. 1997)
  • 1937 – Valentyn Sylvestrov, Ukrainian pianist and composer
  • 1937 – Gary Hocking, Rhodesian motorcycle racer (d. 1962)
  • 1938 – Alan Hacker, English clarinet player and educator (d. 2012)
  • 1939 – Len Cariou, Canadian actor
  • 1939 – Anthony Green, English painter and academic
  • 1939 – Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1940 – Claudia Card, American philosopher and academic (d. 2015)
  • 1940 – Harry Jerome, Canadian sprinter (d. 1982)
  • 1940 – Dewey Martin, Canadian-American drummer (d. 2009)
  • 1941 – Samuel F. Pickering, Jr., American author and educator
  • 1941 – Kamalesh Sharma, Indian academic and diplomat, 5th Commonwealth Secretary General
  • 1941 – Reine Wisell, Swedish race car driver
  • 1942 – Gus Dudgeon, English record producer (d. 2002)
  • 1942 – Frankie Lymon, American singer-songwriter (d. 1968)
  • 1943 – Johann Deisenhofer, German-American biochemist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1943 – Marilyn McCoo, American singer
  • 1943 – Philip Moore, English organist and composer
  • 1943 – Ian Ogilvy, English-American actor, playwright, and author
  • 1944 – Diane Dufresne, Canadian singer and painter
  • 1944 – Jimmy Johnstone, Scottish footballer (d. 2006)
  • 1944 – Red Robbins, American basketball player (d. 2009)
  • 1945 – Richard Edwin Hills, English astronomer and academic
  • 1945 – Ehud Olmert, Israeli lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Israel
  • 1946 – Fran Brill, American actress, singer, and puppeteer
  • 1946 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, English academic and politician, Leader of the House of Lords
  • 1946 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (d. 1993)
  • 1946 – Jochen Mass, German race car driver
  • 1946 – Paul Sheahan, Australian cricketer and educator
  • 1946 – Claude Vorilhon, French journalist, founded Raëlism
  • 1947 – Marc Bolan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1977)
  • 1947 – Rula Lenska, English actress
  • 1948 – Craig Kusick, American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
  • 1950 – Laura Esquivel, Mexican author and screenwriter
  • 1950 – Victoria Tennant, English actress and dancer
  • 1951 – John Lloyd, English screenwriter and producer
  • 1951 – Barry Marshall, Australian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1951 – Simon White, English astrophysicist and academic
  • 1952 – John Lombardo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1953 – Matt Abts, American drummer
  • 1953 – Deborah Allen, American country music singer-songwriter, author, and actress
  • 1954 – Basia, Polish singer-songwriter and record producer
  • 1954 – Scott Fields, American guitarist and composer
  • 1954 – Patrice Rushen, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1955 – Andy Bechtolsheim, German engineer, co-founded Sun Microsystems
  • 1955 – Frankie Kennedy, Northern Irish flute player (d. 1994)
  • 1956 – Trevor Morgan, English footballer and manager
  • 1957 – Fran Drescher, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1958 – Marty Stuart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1959 – Ettore Messina, Italian basketball player and coach
  • 1960 – Julia Adamson, Canadian-English keyboard player, composer, and producer
  • 1960 – Nicola Griffith, English-American author
  • 1960 – Miki Howard, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
  • 1960 – Blanche Lincoln, American politician
  • 1961 – Gary Coyne, Australian rugby league player
  • 1961 – Eric Stoltz, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1961 – Mel Stride, English politician
  • 1961 – Eric van de Poele, Belgian race car driver
  • 1963 – David Barbe, American bass player and producer
  • 1964 – Trey Anastasio, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and composer
  • 1964 – Monica Bellucci, Italian actress and fashion model
  • 1965 – Omid Djalili, English comedian, actor, and producer
  • 1966 – Gary Armstrong, Scottish rugby player
  • 1966 – Markus Burger, German pianist, composer, and educator
  • 1967 – Emmanuelle Houdart, Swiss-French author and illustrator
  • 1969 – Gintaras Einikis, Lithuanian basketball player
  • 1969 – Chris von Erich, American wrestler (d. 1991)
  • 1970 – Tony Hale, American actor and producer
  • 1970 – Damian Mori, Australian footballer and manager
  • 1971 – Jenna Elfman, American actress and producer
  • 1972 – Jamal Anderson, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1972 – Ari Behn, Danish-Norwegian author and playwright (d. 2019)
  • 1972 – John Campbell, American bass player and songwriter
  • 1972 – Mayumi Kojima, Japanese singer-songwriter
  • 1972 – José Lima, Dominican-American baseball player (d. 2010)
  • 1974 – Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player
  • 1974 – Tom Greatrex, English politician
  • 1974 – Ben Phillips, English cricketer
  • 1974 – Daniel Wu, American–born Hong Kong actor, director, and producer
  • 1975 – Jay Asher, American author
  • 1975 – Marion Cotillard, French-American actress and singer
  • 1975 – Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
  • 1975 – Laure Pequegnot, French skier
  • 1975 – Christopher Jackson, American actor, singer, musician, and composer
  • 1976 – Georgie Bingham, British radio and television presenter
  • 1977 – Roy Carroll, Northern Irish goalkeeper and manager
  • 1977 – Nick Curran, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2012)
  • 1978 – Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale, Polish female volleyball player
  • 1979 – Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer and coach
  • 1979 – Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
  • 1980 – Martina Hingis, Czechoslovakia-born Swiss tennis player
  • 1980 – Milagros Sequera, Venezuelan tennis player
  • 1981 – Cecelia Ahern, Irish author
  • 1981 – Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
  • 1982 – Lacey Chabert, American actress
  • 1982 – Ryane Clowe, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1982 – Yan Stastny, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1982 – Dmytro Boyko, Ukrainian footballer
  • 1983 – Boniek Forbes, Guinea-Bissau footballer
  • 1983 – Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
  • 1984 – Georgios Eleftheriou, Greek footballer
  • 1985 – Adam Cooney, Australian footballer
  • 1985 – David Gower, Australian rugby league player
  • 1985 – Téa Obreht, Serbian-American author
  • 1985 – Cristian Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer
  • 1985 – T-Pain, American rapper, producer, and actor
  • 1986 – Olivier Giroud, French footballer
  • 1986 – Martin Guptill, New Zealand cricketer
  • 1986 – Ben Lovett, Welsh musician and songwriter
  • 1986 – Cristián Zapata, Colombian footballer
  • 1987 – Aida Garifullina, Russian operatic soprano
  • 1988 – Eglė Staišiūnaitė, Lithuanian hurdler
  • 1989 – André Weis, German footballer
  • 1991 – Thomas Röhler, German javelin thrower
  • 1992 – Ezra Miller, American actor and singer
  • 1994 – Aliya Mustafina, Russian gymnast
  • 1996 – Jacob Host, Australian rugby league player
  • 1997 – Yana Kudryavtseva, Russian gymnast
  • 1997 – Max Verstappen, Dutch Formula One driver
  • 1998 – Trevor Moran, American youtuber and singer
  • 2002 – Maddie Ziegler, American dancer and actress
  • 2002 – Levi Miller, Australian actor and model

Deaths on September 30

  • 420 – Jerome, Roman priest, theologian, and saint (b. 347)
  • 653 – Honorius of Canterbury, Italian archbishop and saint
  • 940 – Fan Yanguang, Chinese general
  • 954 – Louis IV of France (b. 920)
  • 1101 – Anselm IV, Italian archbishop
  • 1246 – Yaroslav II of Vladimir (b. 1191)
  • 1288 – Leszek II the Black, Polish prince, Duke of Łęczyca, Sieradz, Kraków, Sandomierz (b. 1241)
  • 1440 – Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, Welsh soldier and politician (b. 1362)
  • 1487 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
  • 1551 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese daimyō (b. 1507)
  • 1560 – Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
  • 1572 – Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía, Spanish priest and saint, 3rd Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1510)
  • 1581 – Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)
  • 1626 – Nurhaci, Chinese emperor (b. 1559)
  • 1628 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1554)
  • 1770 – Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1695)
  • 1770 – George Whitefield, English-American priest and theologian (b. 1714)
  • 1865 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1800)
  • 1891 – Georges Ernest Boulanger, French general and politician, French Minister of War (b. 1837)
  • 1897 – Thérèse of Lisieux, French nun and saint (b. 1873)
  • 1910 – Maurice Lévy, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1838)
  • 1942 – Hans-Joachim Marseille, German captain and pilot (b. 1919)
  • 1943 – Franz Oppenheimer, German-American sociologist and economist (b. 1864)
  • 1946 – Takashi Sakai, Japanese general and politician, Governor of Hong Kong (b. 1887)
  • 1955 – James Dean, American actor (b. 1931)
  • 1959 – Henry Barwell, Australian politician, 28th Premier of South Australia (b. 1877)
  • 1961 – Onésime Gagnon, Canadian scholar and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1888)
  • 1973 – Peter Pitseolak, Canadian photographer and author (b. 1902)
  • 1974 – Carlos Prats, Chilean general and politician, Chilean Minister of Defense (b. 1915)
  • 1977 – Mary Ford, American singer and guitarist (b. 1924)
  • 1978 – Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
  • 1985 – Charles Francis Richter, American seismologist and physicist (b. 1900)
  • 1985 – Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
  • 1986 – Nicholas Kaldor, Hungarian-British economist (b. 1908)
  • 1987 – Alfred Bester, American author and screenwriter (b. 1913)
  • 1988 – Al Holbert, American race car driver (b. 1946)
  • 1989 – Virgil Thomson, American composer and critic (b. 1896)
  • 1990 – Rob Moroso, American race car driver (b. 1968)
  • 1990 – Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and author (b. 1930)
  • 1990 – Patrick White, Australian novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
  • 1991 – Toma Zdravković, Serbian singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
  • 1994 – André Michel Lwoff, French microbiologist and virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
  • 1998 – Marius Goring, English actor (b. 1912)
  • 1998 – Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player and poet (b. 1953)
  • 1998 – Robert Lewis Taylor, American soldier and author (b. 1912)
  • 2002 – Göran Kropp, Swedish race car driver and mountaineer (b. 1966)
  • 2002 – Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss lawyer and politician, 63rd President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1913)
  • 2003 – Yusuf Bey, American activist, founded Your Black Muslim Bakery (b. 1935)
  • 2003 – Ronnie Dawson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)
  • 2003 – Robert Kardashian, American lawyer and businessman (b. 1944)
  • 2004 – Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor, director, and politician (b. 1936)
  • 2004 – Jacques Levy, American director and songwriter (b. 1935)
  • 2004 – Michael Relph, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
  • 2008 – J. B. Jeyaretnam, Singaporean lawyer and politician (b. 1926)
  • 2010 – Stephen J. Cannell, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1941)
  • 2011 – Anwar al-Awlaki, American-Yemeni terrorist (b. 1971)
  • 2011 – Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian-American immunologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1943)
  • 2012 – Turhan Bey, Austrian actor and producer (b. 1922)
  • 2012 – Barry Commoner, American biologist, academic, and politician (b. 1917)
  • 2012 – Bobby Jaggers, American wrestler and engineer (b. 1948)
  • 2012 – Clara Stanton Jones, American librarian (b. 1913)
  • 2012 – Barbara Ann Scott, Canadian-American figure skater (b. 1928)
  • 2012 – Boris Šprem, Croatian lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament (b. 1956)
  • 2013 – Janet Powell, Australian educator and politician (b. 1942)
  • 2014 – Molvi Iftikhar Hussain Ansari, Indian cleric and politician (b. 1940)
  • 2014 – Martin Lewis Perl, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
  • 2015 – Guido Altarelli, Italian-Swiss physicist and academic (b. 1941)
  • 2015 – Claude Dauphin, French businessman (b. 1951)
  • 2015 – Göran Hägg, Swedish author and critic (b. 1947)
  • 2017 – Monty Hall, American game show host (b. 1921)
  • 2018 – Kim Larsen, Danish rock musician (b. 1945)
  • 2018 – Geoffrey Hayes, British television presenter and actor (b. 1942)
  • 2018 – Sonia Orbuch, Polish resistance fighter during the Second World War and Holocaust educator. (b. 1925)
  • 2019 – Victoria Braithwaite, British research scientist who proved fish feel pain (b. 1967)

Holidays and observances on September 30

  • Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day (São Tomé and Príncipe)
  • Birth of Morelos (Mexico)
  • Boy’s Day (Poland)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Gregory the Illuminator
    • Honorius of Canterbury
    • Jerome
    • September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Independence Day (Botswana) or Botswana Day, celebrates the independence of Botswana from United Kingdom in 1966.
  • International Translation Day (International Federation of Translators)
  • Orange Shirt Day (Canada)

August 1 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
  • AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under the leadership of Gaius Julius Civilis.
  • 527 – Justinian I becomes the sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
  • 607 – Ono no Imoko is dispatched as envoy to the Sui court in China (Traditional Japanese date: July 3, 607).
  • 902 – Taormina, the last Byzantine stronghold in Sicily, is captured by the Aghlabids army, concluding the Muslim conquest of Sicily.
  • 1203 – Isaac II Angelos, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexios IV Angelos co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Fourth Crusade.
  • 1291 – The Old Swiss Confederacy is formed with the signature of the Federal Charter.
  • 1469 – Louis XI of France founds the chivalric order called the Order of Saint Michael in Amboise.
  • 1498 – Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to visit what is now Venezuela.
  • 1571 – The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus is concluded, by the surrender of Famagusta.
  • 1620 – Speedwell leaves Delfshaven to bring pilgrims to America by way of England.
  • 1664 – Ottoman forces are defeated in the battle of Saint Gotthard by an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, resulting in the Peace of Vasvár.
  • 1714 – George, Elector of Hanover, becomes King George I of Great Britain, marking the beginning of the Georgian era of British history.
  • 1759 – Seven Years’ War: The Battle of Minden, an allied Anglo-German army victory over the French. In Britain this was one of a number of events that constituted the Annus Mirabilis of 1759 and is celebrated as Minden Day by certain British Army regiments.
  • 1774 – British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
  • 1798 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay): Battle begins when a British fleet engages the French Revolutionary Navy fleet in an unusual night action.
  • 1800 – The Acts of Union 1800 are passed which merge the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
  • 1801 – First Barbary War: The American schooner USS Enterprise captures the Tripolitan polacca Tripoli in a single-ship action off the coast of modern-day Libya.
  • 1834 – Slavery is abolished in the British Empire as the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 comes into force, although it remains legal in the possessions of the East India Company until the passage of the Indian Slavery Act, 1843.
  • 1842 – The Lombard Street riot erupts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
  • 1849 – Joven Daniel wrecks at the coast of Araucanía, Chile, leading to allegations that local Mapuche tribes murdered survivors and kidnapped Elisa Bravo.
  • 1855 – The first ascent of Monte Rosa, the second highest summit in the Alps.
  • 1876 – Colorado is admitted as the 38th U.S. state.
  • 1893 – Henry Perky patents shredded wheat.
  • 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War erupts between Japan and China over Korea.
  • 1907 – The start of the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island, the origin of the worldwide Scouting movement.
  • 1911 – Harriet Quimby takes her pilot’s test and becomes the first U.S. woman to earn an Aero Club of America aviator’s certificate.
  • 1914 – The German Empire declares war on the Russian Empire at the opening of World War I. The Swiss Army mobilizes because of World War I.
  • 1927 – The Nanchang Uprising marks the first significant battle in the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party. This day is commemorated as the anniversary of the founding of the People’s Liberation Army.
  • 1933 – Anti-Fascist activists Bruno Tesch, Walter Möller, Karl Wolff, and August Lütgens are executed by the Nazi regime in Altona.
  • 1936 – The Olympics opened in Berlin with a ceremony presided over by Adolf Hitler.
  • 1937 – Josip Broz Tito reads the resolution “Manifesto of constitutional congress of KPH” to the constitutive congress of KPH (Croatian Communist Party) in woods near Samobor.
  • 1943 – World War II: Operation Tidal Wave also known as “Black Sunday”, was a failed American attempt to destroy Romanian oil fields.
  • 1944 – World War II: The Warsaw Uprising against the Nazi German occupation breaks out in Warsaw, Poland.
  • 1946 – Leaders of the Russian Liberation Army, a force of Russian prisoners of war that collaborated with Nazi Germany, are executed in Moscow, Soviet Union for treason.
  • 1950 – Guam is organized as a United States commonwealth as President Harry S. Truman signs the Guam Organic Act.
  • 1957 – The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).
  • 1960 – Dahomey (later renamed Benin) declares independence from France.
  • 1960 – Islamabad is declared the federal capital of the Government of Pakistan.
  • 1961 – U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara orders the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation’s first centralized military espionage organization.
  • 1964 – The former Belgian Congo is renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • 1965 – Frank Herbert’s novel, Dune was published for the first time. It was named as the world’s best-selling science fiction novel in 2003.
  • 1966 – Charles Whitman kills 16 people at the University of Texas at Austin before being killed by the police.
  • 1966 – Purges of intellectuals and imperialists becomes official China policy at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution.
  • 1968 – The coronation is held of Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th Sultan of Brunei.
  • 1971 – The Concert for Bangladesh, organized by former Beatle George Harrison, is held at Madison Square Garden in New York City.
  • 1974 – Cyprus dispute: The United Nations Security Council authorizes the UNFICYP to create the “Green Line”, dividing Cyprus into two zones.
  • 1980 – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir is elected President of Iceland and becomes the world’s first democratically elected female head of state.
  • 1980 – A train crash kills 18 people in County Cork, Ireland.
  • 1981 – MTV begins broadcasting in the United States and airs its first video, “Video Killed the Radio Star” by The Buggles.
  • 1984 – Commercial peat-cutters discover the preserved bog body of a man, called Lindow Man, at Lindow Moss, Cheshire, England.
  • 1988 – A British soldier was killed in the Inglis Barracks bombing in London, England.
  • 1993 – The Great Mississippi and Missouri Rivers Flood of 1993 comes to a peak.
  • 1998 – The establishment of Muslim Medics, one of the largest student-led societies in Imperial College London that provides both academic and wellbeing support to medical students of all backgrounds.
  • 2004 – A supermarket fire kills 396 people and injures 500 others in Asunción, Paraguay.
  • 2007 – The I-35W Mississippi River bridge spanning the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, collapses during the evening rush hour, killing 13 people and injuring 145.
  • 2008 – The Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway begins operation as the fastest commuter rail system in the world.
  • 2008 – Eleven mountaineers from international expeditions died on K2, the second-highest mountain on Earth in the worst single accident in the history of K2 mountaineering.
  • 2017 – A suicide attack on a mosque in Herat, Afghanistan kills 20 people.

Births on August 1

  • 10 BC – Claudius, Roman emperor (d. 54)
  • 126 – Pertinax, Roman emperor (d. 193)
  • 845 – Sugawara no Michizane, Japanese scholar and politician (d. 903)
  • 992 – Hyeonjong, Korean king (d. 1031)
  • 1068 – Taizu, Chinese emperor (d. 1123)
  • 1313 – Kōgon, Japanese emperor (d. 1364)
  • 1377 – Go-Komatsu, Japanese emperor (d. 1433)
  • 1385 – John FitzAlan, 13th Earl of Arundel (d. 1421)
  • 1410 – Jan IV, count of Nassau-Dillenburg (d. 1475)
  • 1492 – Wolfgang, German prince (d. 1566)
  • 1520 – Sigismund II, Polish king (d. 1572)
  • 1545 – Andrew Melville, Scottish theologian and scholar (d. 1622)
  • 1555 – Edward Kelley, English spirit medium (d. 1597)
  • 1579 – Luis Vélez de Guevara, Spanish author and playwright (d. 1644)
  • 1626 – Sabbatai Zevi, Montenegrin rabbi and theorist (d. 1676)
  • 1630 – Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (d. 1673)
  • 1659 – Sebastiano Ricci, Italian painter (d. 1734)
  • 1713 – Charles I, German duke and prince (d. 1780)
  • 1714 – Richard Wilson, Welsh painter and academic (d. 1782)
  • 1738 – Jacques François Dugommier, French general (d. 1794)
  • 1744 – Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, French soldier, biologist, and academic (d. 1829)
  • 1770 – William Clark, American soldier, explorer, and politician, 4th Governor of Missouri Territory (d. 1838)
  • 1778 – Mary Jefferson Eppes, daughter of Thomas Jefferson who died in childbirth (d. 1804)
  • 1779 – Francis Scott Key, American lawyer, author, and poet (d. 1843)
  • 1779 – Lorenz Oken, German-Swiss botanist, biologist, and ornithologist (d. 1851)
  • 1809 – William B. Travis, American colonel and lawyer (d. 1836)
  • 1815 – Richard Henry Dana, Jr., American lawyer and politician (d. 1882)
  • 1818 – Maria Mitchell, American astronomer and academic (d. 1889)
  • 1819 – Herman Melville, American novelist, short story writer, and poet (d. 1891)
  • 1831 – Antonio Cotogni, Italian opera singer and educator (d. 1918)
  • 1843 – Robert Todd Lincoln, American lawyer and politician, 35th United States Secretary of War (d. 1926)
  • 1856 – George Coulthard, Australian footballer and cricketer (d. 1883)
  • 1858 – Gaston Doumergue, French lawyer and politician, 13th President of France (d. 1937)
  • 1858 – Hans Rott, Austrian organist and composer (d. 1884)
  • 1860 – Bazil Assan, Romanian engineer and explorer (d. 1918)
  • 1861 – Sammy Jones, Australian cricketer (d. 1951)
  • 1865 – Isobel Lilian Gloag, English painter (d. 1917)
  • 1871 – John Lester, American cricketer and soccer player (d. 1969)
  • 1877 – George Hackenschmidt, Estonian-English wrestler and strongman (d. 1968)
  • 1878 – Konstantinos Logothetopoulos, Greek physician and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1961)
  • 1881 – Otto Toeplitz, German mathematician and academic (d. 1940)
  • 1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
  • 1889 – Walter Gerlach, German physicist and academic (d. 1979)
  • 1891 – Karl Kobelt, Swiss lawyer and politician, 52nd President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 1968)
  • 1893 – Alexander of Greece (d. 1920)
  • 1894 – Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (d. 1927)
  • 1898 – Morris Stoloff, American composer and musical director (d. 1980)
  • 1899 – Raymond Mays, English race car driver and businessman (d. 1980)
  • 1900 – Otto Nothling, Australian cricketer and rugby player (d. 1965)
  • 1901 – Francisco Guilledo, Filipino boxer (d. 1925)
  • 1903 – Paul Horgan, American historian, author, and academic (d. 1995)
  • 1905 – Helen Sawyer Hogg, American-Canadian astronomer and academic (d. 1993)
  • 1907 – Eric Shipton, Sri Lankan-English mountaineer and explorer (d. 1977)
  • 1910 – James Henry Govier, English painter and illustrator (d. 1974)
  • 1910 – Walter Scharf, American pianist and composer (d. 2003)
  • 1910 – Gerda Taro, German war photographer (d. 1937)
  • 1911 – Jackie Ormes, American journalist and cartoonist (d. 1985)
  • 1912 – David Brand, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1979)
  • 1912 – Gego, German-Venezuelan sculptor and academic (d. 1994)
  • 1912 – Henry Jones, American actor (d. 1999)
  • 1914 – Jack Delano, American photographer and composer (d. 1997)
  • 1914 – Alan Moore, Australian painter and educator (d. 2015)
  • 1914 – J. Lee Thompson, English-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
  • 1916 – Fiorenzo Angelini, Italian cardinal (d. 2014)
  • 1916 – Anne Hébert, Canadian author and poet (d. 2000)
  • 1918 – T. J. Jemison, American minister and activist (d. 2013)
  • 1919 – Stanley Middleton, English author (d. 2009)
  • 1920 – Raul Renter, Estonian economist and chess player (d. 1992)
  • 1921 – Jack Kramer, American tennis player, sailor, and sportscaster (d. 2009)
  • 1921 – Pat McDonald, Australian actress (d. 1990)
  • 1922 – Arthur Hill, Canadian-American actor (d. 2006)
  • 1923 – Val Bettin, American actor
  • 1924 – Abdullah of Saudi Arabia (d. 2015)
  • 1924 – Frank Havens, American canoeist (d. 2018)
  • 1924 – Marcia Mae Jones, American actress and singer (d. 2007)
  • 1924 – Frank Worrell, Barbadian cricketer (d. 1967)
  • 1925 – Ernst Jandl, Austrian poet and author (d. 2000)
  • 1926 – George Hauptfuhrer, American basketball player and lawyer (d. 2013)
  • 1926 – Hannah Hauxwell, English TV personality (d. 2018)
  • 1927 – María Teresa López Boegeholz, Chilean oceanographer (d. 2006)
  • 1927 – Anthony G. Bosco, American bishop (d. 2013)
  • 1928 – Jack Shea, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
  • 1929 – Hafizullah Amin, Afghan educator and politician, Afghan Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1979)
  • 1929 – Ann Calvello, American roller derby racer (d. 2006)
  • 1929 – Leila Abashidze, Georgian actress (d. 2018)
  • 1930 – Lionel Bart, English composer (d. 1999)
  • 1930 – Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist, anthropologist, and philosopher (d. 2002)
  • 1930 – Julie Bovasso, American actress and writer (d. 1991)
  • 1930 – Lawrence Eagleburger, American lieutenant and politician, 62nd United States Secretary of State (d. 2011)
  • 1930 – Károly Grósz, Hungarian politician, 51st Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1996)
  • 1930 – Geoffrey Holder, Trinidadian-American actor, singer, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2014)
  • 1931 – Ramblin’ Jack Elliott, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1931 – Trevor Goddard, South African cricketer (d. 2016)
  • 1932 – Meir Kahane, American-Israeli rabbi and activist, founded the Jewish Defense League (d. 1990)
  • 1932 – Meena Kumari, Indian actress (d. 1972)
  • 1933 – Dom DeLuise, American actor, singer, director, and producer (d. 2009)
  • 1933 – Masaichi Kaneda, Japanese baseball player and manager (d. 2019)
  • 1933 – Teri Shields, American actress, producer, and agent (d. 2012)
  • 1933 – Dušan Třeštík, Czech historian and author (d. 2007)
  • 1934 – John Beck, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2000)
  • 1934 – Derek Birdsall, English graphic designer
  • 1935 – Geoff Pullar, English cricketer (d. 2014)
  • 1936 – W. D. Hamilton, Egyptian born British biologist, psychologist, and academic (d. 2000)
  • 1936 – Yves Saint Laurent, Algerian-French fashion designer, co-founded Yves Saint Laurent (d. 2008)
  • 1936 – Laurie Taylor, English sociologist, radio host, and academic
  • 1937 – Al D’Amato, American lawyer and politician
  • 1939 – Bob Frankford, English-Canadian physician and politician (d. 2015)
  • 1939 – Terry Kiser, American actor
  • 1939 – Stephen Sykes, English bishop and theologian (d. 2014)
  • 1939 – Robert James Waller, American author and photographer (d. 2017)
  • 1940 – Mervyn Kitchen, English cricketer and umpire
  • 1940 – Henry Silverman, American businessman, founded Cendant
  • 1940 – Mahmoud Dowlatabadi, Iranian writer and actor
  • 1941 – Ron Brown, American captain and politician, 30th United States Secretary of Commerce (d. 1996)
  • 1941 – Étienne Roda-Gil, French songwriter and screenwriter (d. 2004)
  • 1942 – Jerry Garcia, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
  • 1942 – Giancarlo Giannini, Italian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1944 – Dmitry Nikolayevich Filippov, Russian banker and politician (d. 1998)
  • 1945 – Douglas Osheroff, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1946 – Boz Burrell, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and guitarist (d. 2006)
  • 1946 – Rick Coonce, American drummer (d. 2011)
  • 1946 – Richard O. Covey, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
  • 1946 – Fiona Stanley, Australian epidemiologist and academic
  • 1947 – Lorna Goodison, Jamaican poet and author
  • 1947 – Chantal Montellier, French comics creator and artist
  • 1948 – Avi Arad, Israeli-American screenwriter and producer, founded Marvel Studios
  • 1948 – Cliff Branch, American football player
  • 1948 – David Gemmell, English journalist and author (d. 2006)
  • 1949 – Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Kyrgyzstani politician, 2nd President of Kyrgyzstan
  • 1949 – Jim Carroll, American poet, author, and musician (d. 2009)
  • 1949 – Ray Nettles, American football player (d. 2009)
  • 1950 – Roy Williams, American basketball player and coach
  • 1951 – Tim Bachman, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1951 – Tommy Bolin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1976)
  • 1951 – Pete Mackanin, American baseball player, coach, and manager
  • 1952 – Zoran Đinđić, Serbian philosopher and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Serbia (d. 2003)
  • 1953 – Robert Cray, American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1953 – Howard Kurtz, American journalist and author
  • 1954 – Trevor Berbick, Jamaican-Canadian boxer (d. 2006)
  • 1954 – James Gleick, American journalist and author
  • 1954 – Benno Möhlmann, German footballer and manager
  • 1957 – Taylor Negron, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
  • 1958 – Rob Buck, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2000)
  • 1958 – Michael Penn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1958 – Kiki Vandeweghe, American basketball player and coach
  • 1959 – Joe Elliott, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1960 – Chuck D, American rapper and songwriter
  • 1960 – Suzi Gardner, American rock singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1962 – Jacob Matlala, South African boxer (d. 2013)
  • 1963 – Demián Bichir, Mexican-American actor and producer
  • 1963 – Coolio, American rapper, producer, and actor
  • 1963 – John Carroll Lynch, American actor
  • 1963 – Koichi Wakata, Japanese astronaut and engineer
  • 1963 – Dean Wareham, New Zealand singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1964 – Adam Duritz, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1964 – Fiona Hyslop, Scottish businesswoman and politician
  • 1964 – Augusta Read Thomas, American composer, conductor and educator
  • 1965 – Brandt Jobe, American golfer
  • 1965 – Sam Mendes, English director and producer
  • 1966 – James St. James, American club promoter and author
  • 1967 – Gregg Jefferies, American baseball player and coach
  • 1967 – José Padilha, Brazilian director, producer and screenwriter
  • 1968 – Stacey Augmon, American basketball player and coach
  • 1968 – Dan Donegan, American heavy metal guitarist and songwriter
  • 1968 – Shigetoshi Hasegawa, Japanese baseball player and sportscaster
  • 1969 – Andrei Borissov, Estonian footballer and manager
  • 1969 – Kevin Jarvis, American baseball player and scout
  • 1969 – Graham Thorpe, English cricketer and journalist
  • 1970 – Quentin Coryatt, American football player
  • 1970 – David James, English footballer and manager
  • 1970 – Eugenie van Leeuwen, Dutch cricketer
  • 1972 – Nicke Andersson, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1972 – Christer Basma, Norwegian footballer and coach
  • 1972 – Todd Bouman, American football player and coach
  • 1972 – Thomas Woods, American historian, economist, and academic
  • 1973 – Gregg Berhalter, American soccer player and coach
  • 1973 – Veerle Dejaeghere, Belgian runner
  • 1973 – Edurne Pasaban, Spanish mountaineer
  • 1974 – Cher Calvin, American journalist
  • 1974 – Marek Galiński, Polish cyclist (d. 2014)
  • 1974 – Tyron Henderson, South African cricketer
  • 1974 – Dennis Lawrence, Trinidadian footballer and coach
  • 1974 – Beckie Scott, Canadian skier
  • 1975 – Vhrsti, Czech author and illustrator
  • 1976 – Don Hertzfeldt, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and voice actor
  • 1976 – Søren Jochumsen, Danish footballer
  • 1976 – Nwankwo Kanu, Nigerian footballer
  • 1976 – David Nemirovsky, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1976 – Hasan Şaş, Turkish footballer and manager
  • 1976 – Cristian Stoica, Romanian-Italian rugby player
  • 1977 – Marc Denis, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
  • 1977 – Haspop, French-Moroccan dancer, choreographer, and actor
  • 1977 – Darnerien McCants, American-Canadian football player
  • 1977 – Damien Saez, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1977 – Yoshi Tatsu, Japanese wrestler and boxer
  • 1978 – Andy Blignaut, Zimbabwean cricketer
  • 1978 – Björn Ferry, Swedish biathlete
  • 1978 – Dhani Harrison, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1978 – Chris Iwelumo, Scottish footballer
  • 1978 – Edgerrin James, American football player
  • 1979 – Junior Agogo, Ghanaian footballer
  • 1979 – Nathan Fien, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1979 – Jason Momoa, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1980 – Mancini, Brazilian footballer
  • 1980 – Romain Barras, French decathlete
  • 1980 – Esteban Paredes, Chilean footballer
  • 1981 – Dean Cox, Australian footballer
  • 1981 – Pia Haraldsen, Norwegian journalist and author
  • 1981 – Christofer Heimeroth, German footballer
  • 1981 – Stephen Hunt, Irish footballer
  • 1981 – Jamie Jones-Buchanan, English rugby player
  • 1982 – Basem Fathi, Jordanian footballer
  • 1982 – Montserrat Lombard, English actress, director, and screenwriter
  • 1983 – Bobby Carpenter, American football player
  • 1983 – Craig Clarke, New Zealand rugby player
  • 1983 – Julien Faubert, French footballer
  • 1983 – David Gervasi, Swiss decathlete
  • 1984 – Steve Feak, American game designer
  • 1984 – Francesco Gavazzi, Italian cyclist
  • 1984 – Brandon Kintzler, American baseball player
  • 1984 – Bastian Schweinsteiger, German footballer
  • 1985 – Stuart Holden, Scottish-American soccer player
  • 1985 – Adam Jones, American baseball player
  • 1985 – Cole Kimball, American baseball player
  • 1985 – Tendai Mtawarira, South African rugby player
  • 1985 – Kris Stadsgaard, Danish footballer
  • 1985 – Dušan Švento, Slovak footballer
  • 1986 – Damien Allen, English footballer
  • 1986 – Anton Strålman, Swedish ice hockey player
  • 1986 – Andrew Taylor, English footballer
  • 1986 – Elena Vesnina, Russian tennis player
  • 1986 – Mike Wallace, American football player
  • 1987 – Iago Aspas, Spanish footballer
  • 1987 – Karen Carney, English women’s football winger
  • 1987 – Sébastien Pocognoli, Belgian footballer
  • 1987 – Lee Wallace, Scottish footballer
  • 1988 – Mustafa Abdellaoue, Norwegian footballer
  • 1988 – Patryk Małecki, Polish footballer
  • 1988 – Bodene Thompson, New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1989 – Madison Bumgarner, American baseball player
  • 1989 – Tiffany Hwang, Korean American singer, songwriter, and actress
  • 1990 – Aledmys Díaz, Cuban baseball player
  • 1990 – Jean Hugues Gregoire, Mauritian swimmer
  • 1990 – Elton Jantjies, South African rugby player
  • 1991 – Piotr Malarczyk, Polish footballer
  • 1991 – Marco Puntoriere, Italian footballer
  • 1992 – Austin Rivers, American basketball player
  • 1992 – Mrunal Thakur, Indian actress
  • 1993 – Álex Abrines, Spanish basketball player
  • 1993 – Leon Thomas III, American actor and singer
  • 1994 – Sergeal Petersen, South African rugby player
  • 1994 – Ayaka Wada, Japanese singer
  • 1996 – Katie Boulter, English tennis player
  • 2001 – Park Si-eun, South Korean actress

Deaths on August 1

  • 30 BC – Mark Antony, Roman general and politician (b. 83 BC)
  • 371 – Eusebius of Vercelli, Italian bishop and saint (b. 283)
  • 527 – Justin I, Byzantine emperor (b. 450)
  • 873 – Thachulf, duke of Thuringia
  • 946 – Ali ibn Isa al-Jarrah, Abbasid vizier (b. 859)
  • 946 – Lady Xu Xinyue, Chinese queen (b. 902)
  • 953 – Yingtian, Chinese Khitan empress (b. 879)
  • 984 – Æthelwold, bishop of Winchester
  • 1098 – Adhemar of Le Puy, French papal legate
  • 1137 – Louis VI, king of France (b. 1081)
  • 1146 – Vsevolod II of Kiev, Russian prince
  • 1227 – Shimazu Tadahisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1179)
  • 1252 – Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, Italian archbishop and explorer (b. 1180)
  • 1299 – Conrad de Lichtenberg, Bishop of Strasbourg (b. 1240)
  • 1402 – Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, English politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1341)
  • 1457 – Lorenzo Valla, Italian author and educator (b. 1406)
  • 1464 – Cosimo de’ Medici, Italian ruler (b. 1386)
  • 1494 – Giovanni Santi, artist and father of Raphael (b. c. 1435)
  • 1541 – Simon Grynaeus, German theologian and scholar (b. 1493)
  • 1543 – Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1488)
  • 1546 – Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (b. 1506)
  • 1557 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish archbishop, historian, and cartographer (b. 1490)
  • 1580 – Albrecht Giese, Polish-German politician and diplomat (b. 1524)
  • 1589 – Jacques Clément, French assassin of Henry III of France (b. 1567)
  • 1603 – Matthew Browne, English politician (b. 1563)
  • 1714 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain (b. 1665)
  • 1787 – Alphonsus Maria de’ Liguori, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1696)
  • 1795 – Clas Bjerkander, Swedish meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist (b. 1735)
  • 1796 – Sir Robert Pigot, 2nd Baronet, English colonel and politician (b. 1720)
  • 1798 – François-Paul Brueys d’Aigalliers, French admiral (b. 1753)
  • 1807 – John Boorman, English cricketer (b. c. 1754)
  • 1807 – John Walker, English actor, philologist, and lexicographer (b. 1732)
  • 1808 – Lady Diana Beauclerk, English painter and illustrator (b. 1734)
  • 1812 – Yakov Kulnev, Russian general (b. 1763)
  • 1851 – William Joseph Behr, German publicist and academic (b. 1775)
  • 1863 – Jind Kaur Majarani (Regent) of the Sikh Empire (b. 1817)
  • 1866 – John Ross, American tribal chief (b. 1790)
  • 1869 – Peter Julian Eymard, French Priest and Founder Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament (b. 1811)
  • 1869 – Richard Dry, Australian politician, 7th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1815)
  • 1903 – Calamity Jane, American frontierswoman and scout (b. 1853)
  • 1911 – Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter and illustrator (b. 1852)
  • 1911 – Samuel Arza Davenport, American lawyer and politician (b. 1843)
  • 1918 – John Riley Banister, American cowboy and police officer (b. 1854)
  • 1920 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian lawyer and journalist (b. 1856)
  • 1921 – T.J. Ryan, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Queensland (b. 1876)
  • 1922 – Donát Bánki, Hungarian engineer (b. 1856)
  • 1929 – Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer (b. 1870)
  • 1938 – Edmund C. Tarbell, American painter and academic (b. 1862)
  • 1943 – Lydia Litvyak, Russian lieutenant and pilot (b. 1921)
  • 1944 – Manuel L. Quezon, Filipino soldier, lawyer, and politician, 2nd President of the Philippines (b. 1878)
  • 1959 – Jean Behra, French race car driver (b. 1921)
  • 1963 – Theodore Roethke, American poet (b. 1908)
  • 1966 – Charles Whitman, American murderer (b. 1941)
  • 1967 – Richard Kuhn, Austrian-German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1900)
  • 1970 – Frances Farmer, American actress (b. 1913)
  • 1970 – Doris Fleeson, American journalist (b. 1901)
  • 1970 – Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1883)
  • 1973 – Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer and educator (b. 1882)
  • 1973 – Walter Ulbricht, German soldier and politician (b. 1893)
  • 1974 – Ildebrando Antoniutti, Italian cardinal (b. 1898)
  • 1977 – Francis Gary Powers, American captain and pilot (b. 1929)
  • 1980 – Patrick Depailler, French race car driver (b. 1944)
  • 1980 – Strother Martin, American actor (b. 1919)
  • 1981 – Paddy Chayefsky, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1923)
  • 1982 – T. Thirunavukarasu, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1933)
  • 1989 – John Ogdon, English pianist and composer (b. 1937)
  • 1990 – Norbert Elias, German-Dutch sociologist, author, and academic (b. 1897)
  • 1996 – Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
  • 1996 – Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian physician and surgeon (b. 1929)
  • 1998 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian-British actress (b. 1927)
  • 2001 – Korey Stringer, American football player (b. 1974)
  • 2003 – Guy Thys, Belgian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1922)
  • 2003 – Marie Trintignant, French actress and screenwriter (b. 1962)
  • 2004 – Philip Abelson, American physicist and author (b. 1913)
  • 2005 – Al Aronowitz, American journalist (b. 1928)
  • 2005 – Wim Boost, Dutch cartoonist and educator (b. 1918)
  • 2005 – Constant Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter and sculptor (b. 1920)
  • 2005 – Fahd of Saudi Arabia (b. 1923)
  • 2006 – Bob Thaves, American illustrator (b. 1924)
  • 2006 – Iris Marion Young, American political scientist and activist (b. 1949)
  • 2007 – Tommy Makem, Irish singer-songwriter and banjo player (b. 1932)
  • 2008 – Gertan Klauber, Czech-English actor (b. 1932)
  • 2008 – Harkishan Singh Surjeet, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1916)
  • 2009 – Corazon Aquino, Filipino politician, 11th President of the Philippines (b. 1933)
  • 2010 – Lolita Lebrón, Puerto Rican-American activist (b. 1919)
  • 2010 – Eric Tindill, New Zealand rugby player and cricketer (b. 1910)
  • 2012 – Aldo Maldera, Italian footballer and agent (b. 1953)
  • 2012 – Douglas Townsend, American composer and musicologist (b. 1921)
  • 2012 – Barry Trapnell, English cricketer and academic (b. 1924)
  • 2013 – John Amis, English journalist and critic (b. 1922)
  • 2013 – Gail Kobe, American actress and producer (b. 1932)
  • 2013 – Babe Martin, American baseball player (b. 1920)
  • 2013 – Toby Saks, American cellist and educator (b. 1942)
  • 2013 – Wilford White, American football player (b. 1928)
  • 2014 – Valyantsin Byalkevich, Belarusian footballer and manager (b. 1973)
  • 2014 – Jan Roar Leikvoll, Norwegian author (b. 1974)
  • 2014 – Charles T. Payne, American soldier (b. 1925)
  • 2014 – Mike Smith, English radio and television host (b. 1955)
  • 2015 – Stephan Beckenbauer, German footballer and manager (b. 1968)
  • 2015 – Cilla Black, English singer and actress (b. 1943)
  • 2015 – Bernard d’Espagnat, French physicist, philosopher, and author (b. 1921)
  • 2015 – Bob Frankford, English-Canadian physician and politician (b. 1939)
  • 2015 – Hong Yuanshuo, Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1948)
  • 2016 – Queen Anne of Romania (b. 1923)

Holidays and observances on August 1

  • Armed Forces Day (Lebanon)
  • Armed Forces Day (China) or Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Liberation Army (People’s Republic of China)
  • Azerbaijani Language and Alphabet Day (Azerbaijan)
  • Celebration of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 which ended the slavery in the British Empire, generally celebrated as a part of Carnival, as the Caribbean Carnival takes place at this time (British West Indies):
    • Earliest day on which Caribana celebration can fall, celebrated on the first Weekend of August. (Toronto)
    • Earliest day on which Emancipation Day can fall, celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Anguilla, the Bahamas, British Virgin Islands)
    • Emancipation Day (Barbados, Bermuda, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Abgar V of Edessa (Syrian Church)
    • Alphonsus Maria de’ Liguori
    • Æthelwold of Winchester
    • Bernard Võ Văn Duệ (one of Vietnamese Martyrs)
    • Blessed Gerhard Hirschfelder
    • Eusebius of Vercelli
    • Exuperius of Bayeux
    • Felix of Girona
    • Peter Apostle in Chains
    • Procession of the Cross and the beginning of Dormition Fast (Eastern Orthodoxy)
    • The Holy Maccabees
    • August 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Earliest day on which August Bank Holiday (Ireland) can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August.
  • Earliest day on which Civic Holiday can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Canada)
  • Earliest day on which Commerce Day, or Frídagur verslunarmanna, can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Iceland)
  • Earliest day on which Constitution Day (Cook Islands) can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August.
  • Earliest day on which Farmers’ Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Zambia)
  • Earliest day on which International Beer Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Friday of August.
  • Earliest day on which Friendship Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday of August. (United States)
  • Earliest day on which Kadooment Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August (Barbados)
  • Earliest day on which Labor Day (Samoa) can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August (Samoa)
  • Minden Day (United Kingdom)
  • National Day, celebrates the independence of Benin from France in 1960.
  • National Day, commemorates Switzerland becoming a single unit in 1291.
  • Official Birthday and Coronation Day of the King of Tonga (Tonga)
  • Parents’ Day (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
  • Statehood Day (Colorado)
  • Swiss National Day (Switzerland)
  • The beginning of autumn observances in the Northern hemisphere and spring observances in the Southern hemisphere (Neopagan Wheel of the Year):
    • Lughnasadh in the Northern hemisphere, Imbolc in the Southern hemisphere; traditionally begins on the eve of August 1. (Gaels, Ireland, Scotland, Neopagans)
    • Lammas (England, Scotland, Neopagans)
    • Pachamama Raymi (Quechuan in Ecuador and Peru)
  • The first day of Carnaval del Pueblo (Burgess Park, London, England)
  • Victory Day (Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam)
  • World Scout Scarf Day
  • Yorkshire Day (Yorkshire, England)

July 29 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 587 BC – The Neo-Babylonian Empire sacks Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple.
  • 238 – The Praetorian Guard storm the palace and capture Pupienus and Balbinus. They are dragged through the streets of Rome and executed. On the same day, Gordian III, age 13, is proclaimed emperor.
  • 615 – Pakal ascends the throne of Palenque at the age of 12.
  • 904 – Sack of Thessalonica: Saracen raiders under Leo of Tripoli sack Thessaloniki, the Byzantine Empire’s second-largest city, after a short siege, and plunder it for a week.
  • 923 – Battle of Firenzuola: Lombard forces under King Rudolph II and Adalbert I, margrave of Ivrea, defeat the dethroned Emperor Berengar I of Italy at Firenzuola (Tuscany).
  • 1014 – Byzantine–Bulgarian wars: Battle of Kleidion: Byzantine emperor Basil II inflicts a decisive defeat on the Bulgarian army, and his subsequent treatment of 15,000 prisoners reportedly causes Tsar Samuil of Bulgaria to die of a heart attack less than three months later, on October 6.
  • 1018 – Count Dirk III defeats an army sent by Emperor Henry II in the Battle of Vlaardingen.
  • 1030 – Ladejarl-Fairhair succession wars: Battle of Stiklestad: King Olaf II fights and dies trying to regain his Norwegian throne from the Danes.
  • 1148 – The Siege of Damascus ends in a decisive crusader defeat and leads to the disintegration of the Second Crusade.
  • 1565 – The widowed Mary, Queen of Scots marries Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, Duke of Albany, at Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, Scotland.
  • 1567 – James VI is crowned King of Scotland at Stirling.
  • 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: English naval forces under the command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake defeat the Spanish Armada off the coast of Gravelines, France.
  • 1693 – War of the Grand Alliance: Battle of Landen: France wins a Pyrrhic victory over Allied forces in the Netherlands.
  • 1775 – Founding of the U.S. Army Judge Advocate General’s Corps: General George Washington appoints William Tudor as Judge Advocate of the Continental Army.
  • 1818 – French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits his prizewinning “Memoir on the Diffraction of Light”, precisely accounting for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to the wave theory of light.
  • 1836 – Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, France.
  • 1848 – Irish Potato Famine: Tipperary Revolt: In County Tipperary, Ireland, then in the United Kingdom, an unsuccessful nationalist revolt against British rule is put down by police.
  • 1851 – Annibale de Gasparis discovers asteroid 15 Eunomia.
  • 1858 – United States and Japan sign the Harris Treaty.
  • 1864 – American Civil War: Confederate spy Belle Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained at the Old Capitol Prison in Washington, D.C.
  • 1871 – The Connecticut Valley Railroad opens between Old Saybrook, Connecticut and Hartford, Connecticut in the United States.
  • 1899 – The First Hague Convention is signed.
  • 1900 – In Italy, King Umberto I of Italy is assassinated by the anarchist Gaetano Bresci.
  • 1907 – Sir Robert Baden-Powell sets up the Brownsea Island Scout camp in Poole Harbour on the south coast of England. The camp runs from August 1 to August 9, 1907, and is regarded as the foundation of the Scouting movement.
  • 1914 – The Cape Cod Canal opened.
  • 1920 – Construction of the Link River Dam begins as part of the Klamath Reclamation Project.
  • 1921 – Adolf Hitler becomes leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party.
  • 1932 – Great Depression: In Washington, D.C., troops disperse the last of the “Bonus Army” of World War I veterans.
  • 1937 – Tōngzhōu Incident: In Tōngzhōu, China, the East Hopei Army attacks Japanese troops and civilians.
  • 1945 – The BBC Light Programme radio station is launched for mainstream light entertainment and music.
  • 1948 – Olympic Games: The Games of the XIV Olympiad: After a hiatus of 12 years caused by World War II, the first Summer Olympics to be held since the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, open in London.
  • 1950 – Korean War: After four days, the No Gun Ri Massacre ends when the US Army 7th Cavalry Regiment is withdrawn.
  • 1957 – The International Atomic Energy Agency is established.
  • 1958 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs into law the National Aeronautics and Space Act, which creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
  • 1959 – First United States Congress elections in Hawaii as a state of the Union.
  • 1965 – Vietnam War: The first 4,000 101st Airborne Division paratroopers arrive in Vietnam, landing at Cam Ranh Bay.
  • 1967 – Vietnam War: Off the coast of North Vietnam the USS Forrestal catches on fire in the worst U.S. naval disaster since World War II, killing 134.
  • 1967 – During the fourth day of celebrating its 400th anniversary, the city of Caracas, Venezuela is shaken by an earthquake, leaving approximately 500 dead.
  • 1973 – Greeks vote to abolish the monarchy, beginning the first period of the Metapolitefsi.
  • 1973 – During the Dutch Grand Prix driver Roger Williamson was killed in the race, after a suspected tire failure caused the car to pitch into the barriers at high speed.
  • 1976 – In New York City, David Berkowitz (a.k.a. the “Son of Sam”) kills one person and seriously wounds another in the first of a series of attacks.
  • 1980 – Iran adopts a new “holy” flag after the Islamic Revolution.
  • 1981 – A worldwide television audience of over 700 million people watch the wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer at St Paul’s Cathedral in London.
  • 1981 – After impeachment on June 21, Abolhassan Banisadr flees with Massoud Rajavi to Paris, in an Iranian Air Force Boeing 707, piloted by Colonel Behzad Moezzi, to form the National Council of Resistance of Iran.
  • 1987 – British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and President of France François Mitterrand sign the agreement to build a tunnel under the English Channel (Eurotunnel).
  • 1987 – Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi and President of Sri Lanka J. R. Jayewardene sign the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord on ethnic issues.
  • 1993 – The Supreme Court of Israel acquits alleged Nazi death camp guard John Demjanjuk of all charges and he is set free.
  • 1996 – The child protection portion of the Communications Decency Act is struck down by a U.S. federal court as too broad.
  • 2005 – Astronomers announce their discovery of the dwarf planet Eris.
  • 2010 – An overloaded passenger ferry capsizes on the Kasai River in Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, resulting in at least 80 deaths.
  • 2013 – Two passenger trains collide in the Swiss municipality of Granges-près-Marnand near Lausanne injuring 25 people.
  • 2019 – Prison riot between rival gangs broke out in Brazil, at least 57 people have been killed.

Births on July 29 

  • 869 – Muhammad al-Mahdi, Iraqi 12th Imam (d. 941)
  • 996 – Fujiwara no Norimichi, Japanese nobleman (d. 1075)
  • 1166 – Henry II, French nobleman and king of Jerusalem (d. 1197)
  • 1356 – Martin the Elder, king of Aragon, Valencia and Majorca (d. 1410)
  • 1537 – Pedro Téllez-Girón, Spanish nobleman (d. 1590)
  • 1573 – Philip II, duke of Pomerania-Stettin (d. 1618)
  • 1580 – Francesco Mochi, Italian sculptor (d. 1654)
  • 1605 – Simon Dach, German poet and hymn-writer (d. 1659)
  • 1646 – Johann Theile, German organist and composer (d. 1724)
  • 1744 – Giulio Maria della Somaglia, Italian cardinal (d. 1830)
  • 1763 – Philip Charles Durham, Scottish admiral and politician (d. 1845)
  • 1797 – Daniel Drew, American businessman and financier (d. 1879)
  • 1801 – George Bradshaw, English cartographer and publisher (d. 1853)
  • 1805 – Alexis de Tocqueville, French historian and philosopher (d. 1859)
  • 1806 – Horace Abbott, American businessman and banker (d. 1887)
  • 1817 – Ivan Aivazovsky, Armenian-Russian painter and illustrator (d. 1900)
  • 1817 – Martin Körber, Baltic German pastor, composer, and conductor (d. 1893)
  • 1841 – Gerhard Armauer Hansen, Norwegian physician (d. 1912)
  • 1843 – Johannes Schmidt, German linguist and academic (d. 1901)
  • 1846 – Sophie Menter, German pianist and composer (d. 1918)
  • 1846 – Isabel, Brazilian princess (d. 1921)
  • 1849 – Max Nordau, Hungarian physician, author, and critic, co-founded the World Zionist Organization (d. 1923)
  • 1860 – Charles Cochrane-Baillie, 2nd Baron Lamington, English politician, 8th Governor of Queensland (d. 1940)
  • 1867 – Berthold Oppenheim, Moravian rabbi (d. 1942)
  • 1869 – Booth Tarkington, American novelist and dramatist (d. 1946)
  • 1871 – Jakob Mändmets, Estonian writer and journalist (d. 1930)
  • 1872 – Eric Alfred Knudsen, American author, lawyer, and politician (d. 1957)
  • 1874 – J. S. Woodsworth, Canadian minister and politician (d. 1942)
  • 1876 – Maria Ouspenskaya, Russian-American actress and acting teacher (d. 1949)
  • 1878 – Don Marquis, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1937)
  • 1883 – Porfirio Barba-Jacob, Colombian poet and author (d. 1942)
  • 1883 – Benito Mussolini, Italian fascist revolutionary and politician, 27th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1945)
  • 1884 – Ralph Austin Bard, American financier and politician, 2nd Under Secretary of the Navy (d. 1975)
  • 1885 – Theda Bara, American actress (d. 1955)
  • 1887 – Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-American pianist and composer (d. 1951)
  • 1888 – Vladimir K. Zworykin, Russian-American engineer, invented the Iconoscope (d. 1982)
  • 1891 – Bernhard Zondek, German-Israeli gynecologist and academic (d. 1966)
  • 1892 – William Powell, American actor and singer (d. 1984)
  • 1896 – Maria L. de Hernández, Mexican-American rights activist (d. 1986)
  • 1897 – Neil Ritchie, Guyanese-English general (d. 1983)
  • 1898 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1988)
  • 1899 – Walter Beall, American baseball player (d. 1959)
  • 1900 – Mary V. Austin, Australian community worker and political activist (d. 1986)
  • 1900 – Eyvind Johnson, Swedish novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1976)
  • 1900 – Teresa Noce, Italian labor leader, activist, and journalist (d. 1980)
  • 1900 – Don Redman, American composer, and bandleader (d. 1964)
  • 1904 – Mahasi Sayadaw, Burmese monk and philosopher (d. 1982)
  • 1904 – J. R. D. Tata, French-Indian pilot and businessman, founded Tata Motors and Tata Global Beverages (d. 1993)
  • 1905 – Clara Bow, American actress (d. 1965)
  • 1905 – Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish economist and diplomat, 2nd Secretary-General of the United Nations, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1961)
  • 1905 – Stanley Kunitz, American poet and translator (d. 2006)
  • 1906 – Thelma Todd, American actress and singer (d. 1935)
  • 1907 – Melvin Belli, American lawyer (d. 1996)
  • 1909 – Samm Sinclair Baker, American author (d. 1997)
  • 1909 – Chester Himes, American-Spanish author (d. 1984)
  • 1910 – Gale Page, American actress (d. 1983)
  • 1911 – Foster Furcolo, American lawyer and politician, 60th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1995)
  • 1911 – Archbishop Iakovos of America (d. 2005)
  • 1913 – Erich Priebke, German war criminal, leader of the 1944 Ardeatine massacre (d. 2013)
  • 1914 – Irwin Corey, American actor and activist (d. 2017)
  • 1915 – Bruce R. McConkie, American colonel and religious leader (d. 1985)
  • 1915 – Francis W. Sargent, American soldier and politician, 64th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1998)
  • 1916 – Budd Boetticher, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2001)
  • 1916 – Charlie Christian, American guitarist (d. 1942)
  • 1916 – Rupert Hamer, Australian politician, 39th Premier of Victoria (d. 2004)
  • 1917 – Rochus Misch, German SS officer (d. 2013)
  • 1918 – Don Ingalls, American writer and producer (d. 2014)
  • 1918 – Edwin O’Connor, American journalist and author (d. 1968)
  • 1918 – Mary Lee Settle, American novelist, essayist, and memoirist (d. 2005)
  • 1920 – Neville Jeffress, Australian businessman (d. 2007)
  • 1921 – Richard Egan, American actor (d. 1987)
  • 1921 – Chris Marker, French photographer and journalist (d. 2012)
  • 1923 – George Burditt, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2013)
  • 1923 – Edgar Cortright, American scientist and engineer (d. 2014)
  • 1923 – Jim Marshall, English businessman, founded Marshall Amplification (d. 2012)
  • 1923 – Gordon Mitchell, American bodybuilder and actor (d. 2003)
  • 1924 – Lloyd Bochner, Canadian-American actor (d. 2005)
  • 1924 – Robert Horton, American actor (d. 2016)
  • 1925 – Harold W. Kuhn, American mathematician and academic (d. 2014)
  • 1925 – Ted Lindsay, Canadian ice hockey player, manager, and sportscaster (d. 2019)
  • 1925 – Mikis Theodorakis, Greek composer
  • 1926 – Robert Kilpatrick, Baron Kilpatrick of Kincraig, Scottish physician, academic, and politician (d. 2015)
  • 1927 – Harry Mulisch, Dutch author, poet, and playwright (d. 2010)
  • 1930 – Paul Taylor, American dancer and choreographer (d. 2018)
  • 1931 – Kjell Karlsen, Norwegian pianist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2020)
  • 1932 – Leslie Fielding, English diplomat
  • 1932 – Nancy Kassebaum, American businesswoman and politician
  • 1933 – Lou Albano, Italian-American wrestler, manager, and actor (d. 2009)
  • 1933 – Colin Davis, English race car driver (d. 2012)
  • 1933 – Robert Fuller, American actor and rancher
  • 1933 – Randy Sparks, American folk singer-songwriter and musician (The New Christy Minstrels)
  • 1935 – Peter Schreier, German tenor and conductor (d. 2019)
  • 1936 – Elizabeth Dole, American lawyer and politician, 20th United States Secretary of Labor
  • 1937 – Daniel McFadden, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate
  • 1938 – Peter Jennings, Canadian-American journalist and author (d. 2005)
  • 1938 – Jean Rochon, Canadian physician and politician
  • 1940 – Betty Harris, American chemist
  • 1940 – Winnie Monsod, Filipina economist and political commentator
  • 1941 – Jennifer Dunn, American engineer and politician (d. 2007)
  • 1941 – Goenawan Mohamad, Indonesian poet and playwright
  • 1941 – David Warner, English actor
  • 1942 – Doug Ashdown, Australian singer-songwriter
  • 1943 – David Taylor, English snooker player and sportscaster
  • 1944 – Jim Bridwell, American rock climber and mountaineer
  • 1945 – Sharon Creech, American author and educator
  • 1945 – Mircea Lucescu, Romanian footballer, coach, and manager
  • 1946 – Ximena Armas, Chilean painter
  • 1946 – Stig Blomqvist, Swedish race car driver
  • 1946 – Neal Doughty, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
  • 1946 – Alessandro Gogna, Italian mountaineer and adventurer
  • 1946 – Diane Keen, English actress
  • 1946 – Aleksei Tammiste, Estonian basketball player
  • 1947 – Dick Harmon, American golfer and coach (d. 2006)
  • 1948 – John Clarke, New Zealand-Australian comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2017)
  • 1949 – Leslie Easterbrook, American actress
  • 1949 – Jamil Mahuad, Ecuadorian lawyer and politician, 51st President of Ecuador
  • 1950 – Jenny Holzer, American painter, author, and dancer
  • 1951 – Susan Blackmore, English psychologist and theorist
  • 1951 – Dan Driessen, American baseball player and coach
  • 1951 – Dean Pitchford, American actor, director, screenwriter, and composer
  • 1952 – Norman Blackwell, Baron Blackwell, English businessman and politician
  • 1952 – Joe Johnson, English snooker player and sportscaster
  • 1952 – Marie Panayotopoulos-Cassiotou, Greek politician
  • 1953 – Ken Burns, American director and producer
  • 1953 – Geddy Lee, Canadian musician
  • 1953 – Frank McGuinness, Irish poet and playwright
  • 1953 – Tim Gunn, American television host and actor
  • 1954 – Patti Scialfa, American musician
  • 1955 – Jean-Hugues Anglade, French actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1955 – Dave Stevens, American illustrator (d. 2008)
  • 1955 – Stephen Timms, English politician, Minister of State for Competitiveness
  • 1956 – Teddy Atlas, American boxer, trainer, and sportscaster
  • 1956 – Ronnie Musgrove, American lawyer and politician, 62nd Governor of Mississippi
  • 1956 – Faustino Rupérez, Spanish cyclist
  • 1957 – Liam Davison, Australian author and educator (d. 2014)
  • 1957 – Viktor Gavrikov, Lithuanian-Swiss chess player (d. 2016)
  • 1957 – Nellie Kim, Russian gymnast and coach
  • 1958 – Gail Dines, English-American author, activist, and academic
  • 1958 – Simon Nye, English screenwriter and producer
  • 1958 – Cynthia Rowley, American fashion designer
  • 1959 – Sanjay Dutt, Indian actor, singer, and producer
  • 1959 – Ruud Janssen, Dutch blogger and illustrator
  • 1959 – Dave LaPoint, American baseball player and manager
  • 1959 – John Sykes, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1960 – Didier Van Cauwelaert, French author
  • 1962 – Carl Cox, English DJ and producer
  • 1962 – Frank Neubarth, German footballer and manager
  • 1962 – Scott Steiner, American wrestler
  • 1962 – Vincent Rousseau, Belgian runner
  • 1963 – Hans-Holger Albrecht, Belgian-German businessman
  • 1963 – Jim Beglin, Irish footballer and sportscaster
  • 1963 – Julie Elliott, English politician
  • 1963 – Azeem Hafeez, Pakistani cricketer
  • 1963 – Alexandra Paul, American actress and producer
  • 1963 – Graham Poll, English footballer, referee, and journalist
  • 1964 – Jaanus Veensalu, Estonian footballer
  • 1965 – Luis Alicea, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and coach
  • 1965 – Dean Haglund, Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1965 – Adam Holloway, English captain and politician
  • 1965 – Stan Koziol, American soccer player (d. 2014)
  • 1965 – Chang-Rae Lee, South Korean-American author and academic
  • 1965 – Xavier Waterkeyn, Australian author
  • 1965 – Woody Weatherman, American guitarist and songwriter
  • 1966 – Sally Gunnell, English hurdler and sportscaster
  • 1966 – Stuart Lampitt, English cricketer
  • 1966 – Martina McBride, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1968 – Gideon Henderson, English geologist and academic
  • 1968 – Paavo Lötjönen, Finnish cellist and educator
  • 1970 – Adele Griffin, American author
  • 1970 – Andi Peters, English journalist, actor, and producer
  • 1970 – John Rennie, Zimbabwean cricketer
  • 1971 – Andrea Philipp, German sprinter
  • 1972 – Wil Wheaton, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1973 – Stephen Dorff, American actor and producer
  • 1973 – Denis Urubko, Kazakh mountaineer
  • 1975 – Yoshihiro Akiyama, Japanese mixed martial artist
  • 1975 – Lanka de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer
  • 1975 – Corrado Grabbi, Italian footballer
  • 1975 – Jaanus Sirel, Estonian footballer
  • 1978 – Mike Adams, American baseball player
  • 1978 – Marina Lazarovska, Macedonian tennis player
  • 1979 – Karim Essediri, Tunisian footballer
  • 1979 – Ronald Murray, American basketball player
  • 1979 – Juris Umbraško, Latvian basketball player
  • 1980 – Ryan Braun, Canadian-American baseball player
  • 1980 – Fernando González, Chilean tennis player
  • 1980 – Ben Koller, American drummer
  • 1980 – John Morris, Australian rugby league player
  • 1981 – Fernando Alonso, Spanish race car driver
  • 1981 – Andrés Madrid, Argentinian footballer
  • 1981 – Troy Perkins, American soccer player
  • 1982 – Janez Aljančič, Slovenian footballer
  • 1982 – Jônatas Domingos, Brazilian footballer
  • 1982 – Allison Mack, American actress and criminal
  • 1983 – Jason Belmonte, Australian bowler
  • 1983 – Inés Gómez Mont, Mexican journalist and actress
  • 1983 – Alexei Kaigorodov, Russian ice hockey player
  • 1983 – Jerious Norwood, American football player
  • 1983 – Elise Testone, American singer-songwriter
  • 1984 – Oh Beom-seok, South Korean footballer
  • 1984 – Chad Billingsley, American baseball player
  • 1984 – Wilson Palacios, Honduran footballer
  • 1985 – Besart Berisha, Albanian footballer
  • 1985 – Okinoumi Ayumi, Japanese sumo wrestler
  • 1985 – Simon Santoso, Indonesian badminton player
  • 1988 – Tarjei Bø, Norwegian biathlete
  • 1989 – Grit Šadeiko, Estonian heptathlete
  • 1991 – Dale Copley, Australian rugby league player
  • 1991 – Irakli Logua, Russian footballer
  • 1992 – Karen Torrez, Bolivian swimmer
  • 1993 – Nicole Melichar, American tennis player
  • 1994 – Liam O’Brien, Canadian ice hockey player

Deaths on July 29

  • 238 – Balbinus, Roman emperor (b. 165)
  • 238 – Pupienus, Roman emperor (b. 178)
  • 451 – Tuoba Huang, prince of Northern Wei (b. 428)
  • 796 – Offa of Mercia (b. 730)
  • 846 – Li Shen, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty
  • 1030 – Olaf II of Norway (b. 995)
  • 1095 – Ladislaus I of Hungary (b. 1040)
  • 1099 – Pope Urban II (b. 1042)
  • 1108 – Philip I of France (b. 1052)
  • 1236 – Ingeborg of Denmark, Queen of France (b. 1175)
  • 1326 – Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster (b. 1259)
  • 1504 – Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby (b. 1435)
  • 1507 – Martin Behaim, German-Bohemian geographer and astronomer (b. 1459)
  • 1573 – John Caius, English physician and academic (b. 1510)
  • 1612 – Jacques Bongars, French scholar and diplomat (b. 1554)
  • 1644 – Pope Urban VIII (b. 1568)
  • 1752 – Peter Warren, Irish admiral and politician (b. 1703)
  • 1781 – Johann Kies, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1713)
  • 1792 – René Nicolas Charles Augustin de Maupeou, French lawyer and politician, Chancellor of France (b. 1714)
  • 1813 – Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (b. 1771)
  • 1833 – William Wilberforce, English philanthropist and politician (b. 1759)
  • 1839 – Gaspard de Prony, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1755)
  • 1844 – Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, Austrian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1791)
  • 1856 – Robert Schumann, German composer and critic (b. 1810)
  • 1857 – Thomas Dick, Scottish minister, astronomer, and author (b. 1774)
  • 1887 – Agostino Depretis, Italian politician, 9th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1813)
  • 1890 – Vincent van Gogh, Dutch painter and illustrator (b. 1853)
  • 1895 – Floriano Peixoto, Brazilian general and politician, 2nd President of Brazil (b. 1839)
  • 1900 – Umberto I of Italy (b. 1844)
  • 1908 – Marie Adam-Doerrer (b. 1838)
  • 1913 – Tobias Asser, Dutch lawyer and jurist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1838)
  • 1918 – Ernest William Christmas, Australian-American painter (b. 1863)
  • 1924 – Sotirios Krokidas, Greek educator and politician, 110th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1852)
  • 1934 – Didier Pitre, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1883)
  • 1938 – Nikolai Krylenko, Russian lawyer, jurist, and politician, Prosecutor General of the Russian SFSR (b. 1885)
  • 1950 – Joe Fry, English race car driver (b. 1915)
  • 1951 – Ali Sami Yen, Turkish footballer and manager, founded Galatasaray S.K. (b. 1886)
  • 1954 – Coen de Koning, Dutch speed skater (b. 1879)
  • 1960 – Hasan Saka, Turkish politician, 7th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1885)
  • 1962 – Ronald Fisher, English biologist and statistician (b. 1890)
  • 1962 – Leonardo De Lorenzo, Italian-American flute player and educator (b. 1875)
  • 1964 – Vean Gregg, American baseball player (b. 1885)
  • 1966 – Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, Nigerian general and politician, 2nd Head of State of Nigeria (b. 1924)
  • 1966 – Adekunle Fajuyi, Nigerian colonel (b. 1926)
  • 1970 – John Barbirolli, English cellist and conductor (b. 1899)
  • 1973 – Norm Smith, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1915)
  • 1973 – Roger Williamson, English race car driver (b. 1948)
  • 1974 – Cass Elliot, American singer (b. 1941)
  • 1974 – Erich Kästner, German author and poet (b. 1899)
  • 1976 – Mickey Cohen, American gangster (b. 1913)
  • 1978 – Andrzej Bogucki, Polish actor, operetta singer, and songwriter (b. 1904)
  • 1979 – Herbert Marcuse, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1898)
  • 1979 – Bill Todman, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1916)
  • 1981 – Robert Moses, American urban planner, designed the Northern State Parkway and Southern State Parkway (b. 1888)
  • 1982 – Harold Sakata, American wrestler and actor (b. 1920)
  • 1982 – Vladimir K. Zworykin, Russian-American engineer, invented the Iconoscope (b. 1889)
  • 1983 – Luis Buñuel, Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1900)
  • 1983 – Raymond Massey, Canadian-American actor and screenwriter (b. 1896)
  • 1983 – David Niven, English military officer and actor (b. 1910)
  • 1984 – Fred Waring, American television host and bandleader (b. 1900)
  • 1987 – Bibhutibhushan Mukhopadhyay, Indian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1894)
  • 1990 – Bruno Kreisky, Austrian academic and politician, 22nd Chancellor of Austria (b. 1911)
  • 1992 – Michel Larocque, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (b. 1952)
  • 1994 – John Britton, American physician (b. 1925)
  • 1994 – Dorothy Hodgkin, Egyptian-English biochemist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
  • 1995 – Les Elgart, American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1917)
  • 1996 – Ric Nordman, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1919)
  • 1996 – Marcel-Paul Schützenberger, French mathematician and theorist (b. 1920)
  • 1996 – Jason Thirsk, American singer and bass player (b. 1967)
  • 1998 – Jerome Robbins, American director, producer, and choreographer (b. 1918)
  • 2001 – Edward Gierek, Polish soldier and politician (b. 1913)
  • 2001 – Wau Holland, German computer scientist, co-founded Chaos Computer Club (b. 1951)
  • 2003 – Foday Sankoh, Sierra Leonean soldier, founded the Revolutionary United Front (b. 1937)
  • 2004 – Rena Vlahopoulou, Greek actress and singer (b. 1923)
  • 2007 – Mike Reid, English comedian, actor, and author (b. 1940)
  • 2007 – Michel Serrault, French actor (b. 1928)
  • 2007 – Tom Snyder, American journalist and talk show host (b. 1936)
  • 2007 – Marvin Zindler, American journalist (b. 1921)
  • 2008 – Bruce Edward Ivins, American scientist and bio-defense researcher (b. 1946)
  • 2010 – Charles E. Wicks, American chemist and academic (b. 1925)
  • 2012 – Tatiana Egorova, Russian footballer and manager (b. 1970)
  • 2012 – August Kowalczyk, Polish actor and director (b. 1921)
  • 2012 – Chris Marker, French photographer and journalist (b. 1921)
  • 2012 – James Mellaart, English archaeologist and author (b. 1925)
  • 2012 – John Stampe, Danish footballer and coach (b. 1957)
  • 2013 – Christian Benítez, Ecuadorian footballer (b. 1986)
  • 2013 – Peter Flanigan, American banker and civil servant (b. 1923)
  • 2013 – Tony Gaze, Australian soldier, pilot, and race car driver (b. 1920)
  • 2013 – Munir Hussain, Indian cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1929)
  • 2014 – M. Caldwell Butler, American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1925)
  • 2014 – Jon R. Cavaiani, English-American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1943)
  • 2014 – Giorgio Gaslini, Italian pianist and composer (b. 1929)
  • 2014 – María Antonia Iglesias, Spanish journalist and author (b. 1945)
  • 2014 – Péter Kiss, Hungarian engineer and politician (b. 1959)
  • 2014 – Idris Muhammad, American drummer and composer (b. 1939)
  • 2014 – Thomas R. St. George, American soldier and author (b. 1919)
  • 2015 – Antony Holland, English-Canadian actor, director, and playwright (b. 1920)
  • 2015 – Peter O’Sullevan, Anglo-Irish sportscaster (b. 1918)
  • 2015 – Mike Pyle, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1939)
  • 2015 – Franklin H. Westervelt, American computer scientist, engineer, and academic (b. 1930)
  • 2018 – Oliver Dragojević, a Croatian recording artist (b. 1947)
  • 2018 – Josip Peruzovic, Yugoslav-born American professional wrestler (b. 1947)

Holidays and observances on July 29

  • Christian feast day:
    • Lupus of Troyes
    • Martha of Bethany (Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran Church)
    • Mary of Bethany
    • Olaf II of Norway
    • Simplicius, Faustinus and Beatrix
    • July 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Earliest day on which Somer’s Day can fall, while August 4 is the latest; celebrated on Friday before the first Monday in August. (Bermuda)
  • International Tiger Day
  • Mohun Bagan Day (India)
  • National Anthem Day (Romania)
  • National Thai Language Day (Thailand)
  • Ólavsøka or Olsok, opening of the Løgting session. (Faroe Islands and the Nordic countries)

July 19 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
  • 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital.
  • 711 – Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete: Umayyad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic.
  • 939 – Battle of Simancas: King Ramiro II of León defeats the Moorish army under Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III near the city of Simancas.
  • 998 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Battle of Apamea: Fatimids defeat a Byzantine army near Apamea.
  • 1333 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Halidon Hill: The English win a decisive victory over the Scots.
  • 1544 – Italian War of 1542–46: The first Siege of Boulogne begins.
  • 1545 – The Tudor warship Mary Rose sinks off Portsmouth; in 1982 the wreck is salvaged in one of the most complex and expensive projects in the history of maritime archaeology.
  • 1553 – Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after only nine days on the throne.
  • 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.
  • 1701 – Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
  • 1702 – Great Northern War: A numerically superior Polish-Saxon army of Augustus II the Strong, operating from an advantageous defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish army half its size under the command of King Charles XII in the Battle of Klissow.
  • 1817 – Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaii for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauai.
  • 1821 – Coronation of George IV of the United Kingdom.
  • 1832 – The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary.
  • 1843 – Brunel’s steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
  • 1845 – Great New York City Fire of 1845: The last great fire to affect Manhattan began early in the morning and was subdued that afternoon. The fire killed four firefighters, 26 civilians, and destroyed 345 buildings.
  • 1848 – Women’s rights: A two-day Women’s Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York.
  • 1863 – American Civil War: Morgan’s Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan’s raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
  • 1864 – Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking: The Qing dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
  • 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
  • 1900 – The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation.
  • 1903 – Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
  • 1916 – World War I: Battle of Fromelles: British and Australian troops attack German trenches as part of the Battle of the Somme.
  • 1936 – Spanish Civil War: The CNT and UGT call a general strike in Spain – mobilizing workers’ militias against the Nationalist forces.
  • 1940 – World War II: Battle of Cape Spada: The Royal Navy and the Regia Marina clash; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sinks, with 121 casualties.
  • 1940 – Field Marshal Ceremony: First occasion in World War II, that Hitler appointed field marshals due to military achievements.
  • 1940 – World War II: Army order 112 forms the Intelligence Corps of the British Army.
  • 1942 – World War II: The Second Happy Time of Hitler’s submarines comes to an end, as the increasingly effective American convoy system compels them to return to the central Atlantic.
  • 1943 – World War II: Rome is heavily bombed by more than 500 Allied aircraft, inflicting thousands of casualties.
  • 1947 – Prime Minister of the shadow Burmese government, Bogyoke Aung San and eight others are assassinated.
  • 1947 – Korean politician Lyuh Woon-hyung is assassinated.
  • 1952 – Opening of the Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.
  • 1961 – Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte; the French would capture the entire town four days later.
  • 1963 – Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 meters (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.
  • 1964 – Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.
  • 1969 – Chappaquiddick incident: U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy crashes his car into a tidal pond at Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts, killing his passenger Mary Jo Kopechne.
  • 1972 – Dhofar Rebellion: British SAS units help the Omani government against Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman rebels in the Battle of Mirbat.
  • 1976 – Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
  • 1977 – The world’s first Global Positioning System (GPS) signal was transmitted from Navigation Technology Satellite 2 (NTS-2) and received at Rockwell Collins in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, at 12:41 a.m. Eastern time (ET).
  • 1979 – The Sandinista rebels overthrow the government of the Somoza family in Nicaragua.
  • 1979 – The oil tanker SS Atlantic Empress collides with another oil tanker, causing the largest ever ship-borne oil spill.
  • 1980 – Opening of the Summer Olympics in Moscow.
  • 1981 – In a private meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan, French President François Mitterrand reveals the existence of the Farewell Dossier, a collection of documents showing the Soviet Union had been stealing American technological research and development.
  • 1982 – In one of the first militant attacks by Hezbollah, David S. Dodge, president of the American University of Beirut, is kidnapped.
  • 1983 – The first three-dimensional reconstruction of a human head in a CT is published.
  • 1985 – The Val di Stava dam collapses killing 268 people in Val di Stava, Italy.
  • 1989 – United Airlines Flight 232 crashes in Sioux City, Iowa killing 111.
  • 1992 – A car bomb kills Judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his escort.
  • 1997 – The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army resumes a ceasefire to end their 25-year paramilitary campaign to end British rule in Northern Ireland.
  • 2014 – Gunmen in Egypt’s western desert province of New Valley Governorate attack a military checkpoint, killing at least 21 soldiers. Egypt reportedly declares a state of emergency on its border with Sudan.

Births on July 19

  • 810 – Muhammad al-Bukhari, Persian scholar (d. 870)
  • 1223 – Baibars, sultan of Egypt (d. 1277)
  • 1420 – William VIII, Marquess of Montferrat (d. 1483)
  • 1569 – Conrad Vorstius, Dutch theologian (d. 1622)
  • 1670 – Richard Leveridge, English singer-songwriter (d. 1758)
  • 1688 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary and painter (d. 1766)
  • 1744 – Heinrich Christian Boie, German author and poet (d. 1806)
  • 1759 – Marianna Auenbrugger, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1782)
  • 1759 – Seraphim of Sarov, Russian monk and saint (d. 1833)
  • 1771 – Thomas Talbot, Irish-Canadian colonel and politician (d. 1853)
  • 1794 – José Justo Corro, Mexican politician and president, (1836-1837) (d. 1864)
  • 1789 – John Martin, English painter, engraver, and illustrator (d. 1854)
  • 1800 – Juan José Flores, Venezuelan general and politician, 1st President of Ecuador (d. 1864)
  • 1814 – Samuel Colt, American businessman, founded the Colt’s Manufacturing Company (d. 1862)
  • 1819 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (d. 1890)
  • 1822 – Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)
  • 1827 – Mangal Pandey, Indian soldier (d. 1857)
  • 1834 – Edgar Degas, French painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 1917)
  • 1835 – Justo Rufino Barrios, Guatemalan president (d. 1885)
  • 1842 – Frederic T. Greenhalge, English-American lawyer and politician, 38th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
  • 1846 – Edward Charles Pickering, American astronomer and physicist (d. 1919)
  • 1849 – Ferdinand Brunetière, French scholar and critic (d. 1906)
  • 1865 – Georges Friedel, French mineralogist and crystallographer (d. 1933)
  • 1865 – Charles Horace Mayo, American surgeon, founded the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
  • 1860 – Lizzie Borden, American woman, tried and acquitted for the murders of her parents in 1892 (d. 1927)
  • 1868 – Florence Foster Jenkins, American soprano and educator (d. 1944)
  • 1869 – Xenophon Stratigos, Greek general and politician, Greek Minister of Transport (d. 1927)
  • 1875 – Alice Dunbar Nelson, African-American poet and activist (d. 1935)
  • 1876 – Joseph Fielding Smith, American religious leader, 10th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1972)
  • 1877 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d. 1949)
  • 1881 – Friedrich Dessauer, German physicist and philosopher (d. 1963)
  • 1883 – Max Fleischer, Austrian-American animator and producer (d. 1972)
  • 1886 – Michael Fekete, Hungarian-Israeli mathematician and academic (d. 1957)
  • 1888 – Enno Lolling, German physician (d. 1945)
  • 1890 – George II of Greece (d. 1947)
  • 1892 – Dick Irvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1957)
  • 1893 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian actor, playwright, and poet (d. 1930)
  • 1894 – Aleksandr Khinchin, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1959)
  • 1894 – Khawaja Nazimuddin, Bangladeshi-Pakistani politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1965)
  • 1894 – Percy Spencer, American physicist and inventor of the microwave oven (d. 1969)
  • 1895 – Xu Beihong, Chinese painter and academic (d. 1953)
  • 1896 – Reginald Baker, English film producer (d. 1985)
  • 1896 – A. J. Cronin, Scottish physician and novelist (d. 1981)
  • 1896 – Bob Meusel, American baseball player and sailor (d. 1977)
  • 1898 – Herbert Marcuse, German-American sociologist and philosopher (d. 1979)
  • 1899 – Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay, Indian physician, author, poet, and playwright (d. 1979)
  • 1902 – Samudrala Raghavacharya, Indian singer, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1968)
  • 1904 – Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, American lawyer and farmer (d. 1985)
  • 1907 – Isabel Jewell, American actress (d. 1972)
  • 1908 – Daniel Fry, American contactee (d. 1992)
  • 1909 – Balamani Amma, Indian poet and author (d. 2004)
  • 1912 – Peter Leo Gerety, American prelate (d. 2016)
  • 1914 – Marius Russo, American baseball player (d. 2005)
  • 1915 – Åke Hellman, Finnish painter (d. 2017)
  • 1916 – Phil Cavarretta, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
  • 1917 – William Scranton, American captain and politician, 13th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2013)
  • 1919 – Patricia Medina, English-American actress (d. 2012)
  • 1919 – Miltos Sachtouris, Greek poet and author (d. 2005)
  • 1919 – Ron Searle, English-Canadian soldier, publisher, and politician, 4th Mayor of Mississauga (d. 2015)
  • 1920 – Robert Mann, American violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2018)
  • 1920 – Richard Oriani, Salvadoran-American metallurgist and engineer (d. 2015)
  • 1921 – Harold Camping, American evangelist, author, radio host (d. 2013)
  • 1921 – André Moynet, French soldier, race car driver, and politician (d. 1993)
  • 1921 – Elizabeth Spencer, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 2019)
  • 1921 – Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
  • 1922 – George McGovern, American lieutenant, historian, and politician (d. 2012)
  • 1922 – Rachel Robinson, American professor, registered nurse, and the widow of baseball player Jackie Robinson
  • 1923 – Theo Barker, English historian (d. 2001)
  • 1923 – Alex Hannum, American basketball player and coach (d. 2002)
  • 1923 – Joseph Hansen, American author and poet (d. 2004)
  • 1923 – William A. Rusher, American lawyer and journalist (d. 2011)
  • 1923 – Lon Simmons, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
  • 1924 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 40th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 2005)
  • 1924 – Pat Hingle, American actor and producer (d. 2009)
  • 1924 – Arthur Rankin Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
  • 1925 – Sue Thompson, American singer
  • 1926 – Helen Gallagher, American actress, singer, and dancer
  • 1928 – Samuel John Hazo, American author
  • 1928 – Choi Yun-chil, South Korean long-distance runner and a two-time national champion in the marathon.
  • 1929 – Gaston Glock, Austrian engineer and businessman, co-founded Glock Ges.m.b.H.
  • 1929 – Orville Turnquest, Bahamian politician
  • 1932 – Buster Benton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
  • 1932 – Jan Lindblad, Swedish biologist and photographer (d. 1987)
  • 1934 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 111th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980)
  • 1935 – Nick Koback, American baseball player and golfer (d. 2015)
  • 1936 – David Colquhoun, English pharmacologist and academic
  • 1937 – George Hamilton IV, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2014)
  • 1938 – Richard Jordan, American actor (d. 1993)
  • 1938 – Jayant Narlikar, Indian astrophysicist and astronomer
  • 1938 – Tom Raworth, English poet and academic (d. 2017)
  • 1941 – Vikki Carr, American singer and actress
  • 1941 – Neelie Kroes, Dutch politician and diplomat, European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society
  • 1943 – Han Sai Por, Singaporean sculptor and academic
  • 1944 – Tim McIntire, American actor and singer (d. 1986)
  • 1944 – Andres Vooremaa, Estonian chess player
  • 1945 – Paule Baillargeon, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
  • 1946 – Alan Gorrie, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician (Average White Band)
  • 1946 – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player and politician
  • 1947 – André Forcier, Canadian director and screenwriter
  • 1947 – Hans-Jürgen Kreische, German footballer and manager
  • 1947 – Bernie Leadon, American guitarist and songwriter
  • 1947 – Brian May, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and astrophysicist
  • 1948 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 1980)
  • 1949 – Kgalema Motlanthe, South African politician, 3rd President of South Africa
  • 1950 – Per-Kristian Foss, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Finance
  • 1950 – Freddy Moore, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1950 – Adrian Noble, English director and screenwriter
  • 1951 – Abel Ferrara, American director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1952 – Allen Collins, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1990)
  • 1952 – Jayne Anne Phillips American novelist and short story writer
  • 1954 – Mark O’Donnell, American playwright (d. 2012)
  • 1954 – Steve O’Donnell, American screenwriter and producer
  • 1954 – Srđa Trifković, Serbian-American journalist and historian
  • 1955 – Roger Binny, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
  • 1955 – Dalton McGuinty, Canadian lawyer and politician, 24th Premier of Ontario
  • 1956 – Mark Crispin, American computer scientist, designed the IMAP (d. 2012)
  • 1958 – Brad Drewett, Australian tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2013)
  • 1958 – Robert Gibson, American wrestler
  • 1958 – David Robertson, American conductor
  • 1959 – Juan J. Campanella, Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1960 – Atom Egoyan, Egyptian-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1960 – Kevin Haskins, English drummer and songwriter
  • 1961 – Harsha Bhogle, Indian journalist and author
  • 1961 – Maria Filatova, Russian gymnast
  • 1961 – Lisa Lampanelli, American comedian, actress, and author
  • 1961 – Benoît Mariage, Belgian director and screenwriter
  • 1961 – Hideo Nakata, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1961 – Campbell Scott, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1962 – Anthony Edwards, American actor and director
  • 1963 – Thomas Gabriel Fischer, Swiss musician
  • 1963 – Garth Nix, Australian author
  • 1964 – Teresa Edwards, American basketball player
  • 1964 – Masahiko Kondō, Japanese singer-songwriter and race car driver
  • 1965 – Evelyn Glennie, Scottish musician
  • 1965 – Claus-Dieter Wollitz, German footballer and manager
  • 1967 – Yael Abecassis, Israeli model and actress
  • 1967 – Jean-François Mercier, Canadian comedian, screenwriter, and television host
  • 1968 – Robb Flynn, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1968 – Pavel Kuka, Czech footballer and manager
  • 1968 – Jim Norton, American comedian, actor, and author
  • 1969 – Matthew Libatique, American cinematographer
  • 1970 – Bill Chen, American poker player and software designer
  • 1970 – Nicola Sturgeon, Scottish lawyer and politician, First Minister of Scotland
  • 1971 – Rene Busch, Estonian tennis player and coach
  • 1971 – Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politician, Mayor of Kiev
  • 1971 – Michael Modest, American wrestler
  • 1971 – Catriona Rowntree, Australian television host
  • 1971 – Lesroy Weekes, Montserratian cricketer
  • 1972 – Ebbe Sand, Danish footballer and manager
  • 1973 – Martin Powell, English keyboard player and songwriter
  • 1973 – Scott Walker, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1974 – Rey Bucanero, Mexican wrestler
  • 1974 – Francisco Copado, German footballer and manager
  • 1974 – Josée Piché, Canadian ice dancer
  • 1974 – Vince Spadea, American tennis player
  • 1974 – Preston Wilson, American baseball player and sportscaster
  • 1975 – Luca Castellazzi, Italian footballer
  • 1976 – Benedict Cumberbatch, English actor
  • 1976 – Gonzalo de los Santos, Uruguayan footballer and manager
  • 1977 – Jean-Sébastien Aubin, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1977 – Tony Mamaluke, American wrestler and manager
  • 1977 – Ed Smith, English cricketer and journalist
  • 1979 – Rick Ankiel, American baseball player
  • 1979 – Josué Anunciado de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
  • 1979 – Dilhara Fernando, Sri Lankan cricketer
  • 1979 – Luke Young, English footballer
  • 1980 – Xavier Malisse, Belgian tennis player
  • 1980 – Giorgio Mondini, Italian race car driver
  • 1981 – Nenê, Brazilian footballer
  • 1981 – David Bernard, Jamaican cricketer
  • 1981 – Mark Gasnier, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
  • 1981 – Jimmy Gobble, American baseball player
  • 1981 – Grégory Vignal, French footballer
  • 1982 – Christopher Bear, American drummer
  • 1982 – Phil Coke, American baseball player
  • 1982 – Jared Padalecki, American actor
  • 1982 – Jess Vanstrattan, Australian footballer
  • 1983 – Helen Skelton, English television host and actress
  • 1983 – Fedor Tyutin, Russian ice hockey player
  • 1984 – Andrea Libman, Canadian voice actress
  • 1984 – Adam Morrison, American basketball player
  • 1984 – Ryan O’Byrne, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1984 – Lewis Price, Welsh footballer
  • 1985 – LaMarcus Aldridge, American basketball player
  • 1985 – Zhou Haibin, Chinese footballer
  • 1985 – Marina Kuzina, Russian basketball player
  • 1985 – Hadi Norouzi, Iranian footballer (d. 2015)
  • 1986 – Leandro Greco, Italian footballer
  • 1987 – Jon Jones, American mixed martial artist
  • 1987 – Marc Murphy, Australian footballer
  • 1988 – Shane Dawson, American comedian and actor
  • 1988 – Kevin Großkreutz, German footballer
  • 1988 – Jakub Kovář, Czech ice hockey player
  • 1989 – Sam McKendry, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1991 – Eray İşcan, Turkish footballer
  • 1992 – Jake Nicholson, English footballer
  • 1994 – Christian Welch, Australian rugby league player
  • 1998 – Erin Cuthbert, footballer
  • 1998 – Ronaldo Vieira, Bissau-Guinean footballer

Deaths on July 19

  • 514 – Symmachus, pope of the Catholic Church
  • 806 – Li Shigu, Chinese general (b. 778)
  • 973 – Kyunyeo, Korean monk and poet (b. 917)
  • 998 – Damian Dalassenos, Byzantine general (b. 940)
  • 1030 – Adalberon, French bishop
  • 1234 – Floris IV, Dutch nobleman (b. 1210)
  • 1249 – Jacopo Tiepolo, doge of Venice
  • 1333 – John Campbell, Scottish nobleman
  • 1333 – Alexander Bruce, Scottish nobleman
  • 1333 – Sir Archibald Douglas, Scottish nobleman
  • 1333 – Maol Choluim II, Scottish nobleman
  • 1333 – Kenneth de Moravia, 4th Earl of Sutherland
  • 1374 – Petrarch, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1304)
  • 1415 – Philippa of Lancaster, Portuguese queen (b. 1360)
  • 1543 – Mary Boleyn, English daughter of Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire (b. 1499)
  • 1631 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher and academic (b. 1550)
  • 1742 – William Somervile, English poet and author (b. 1675)
  • 1810 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Prussian queen (b. 1776)
  • 1814 – Matthew Flinders, English navigator and cartographer (b. 1774)
  • 1824 – Agustín de Iturbide, Mexican general and emperor (b. 1783)
  • 1838 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist and chemist (b. 1785)
  • 1850 – Margaret Fuller, American journalist and critic (b. 1810)
  • 1855 – Konstantin Batyushkov, Russian poet and translator (b. 1787)
  • 1857 – Stefano Franscini, Swiss statistician and politician (b. 1796)
  • 1878 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1847)
  • 1896 – Abraham H. Cannon, American publisher and religious leader (b. 1859)
  • 1913 – Clímaco Calderón, Colombian lawyer and politician, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1852)
  • 1925 – John Indermaur, British lawyer (b. 1851)
  • 1930 – Robert Stout, Scottish-New Zealand politician, 13th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1844)
  • 1933 – Kaarle Krohn, Finnish historian and academic (b. 1863)
  • 1939 – Rose Hartwick Thorpe, American poet and author (b. 1850)
  • 1943 – Yekaterina Budanova, Russian captain and pilot (b. 1916)
  • 1947 – U Razak, Burmese educator and politician (b. 1898)
  • 1947 – Aung San, Burmese general and politician (b. 1915)
  • 1947 – Lyuh Woon-hyung, South Korean politician (b. 1886)
  • 1963 – William Andrew, English priest (b. 1884)
  • 1965 – Syngman Rhee, South Korean journalist and politician, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875)
  • 1967 – Odell Shepard, American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (b. 1884)
  • 1969 – Stratis Myrivilis, Greek soldier and author (b. 1890)
  • 1974 – Ernő Schwarz, Hungarian-American soccer player and coach (b. 1904)
  • 1975 – Lefty Frizzell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1928)
  • 1977 – Karl Ristikivi, Estonian geographer, author, and poet (b. 1912)
  • 1980 – Margaret Craven, American journalist and author (b. 1901)
  • 1980 – Nihat Erim, Turkish jurist and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1912)
  • 1980 – Hans Morgenthau, German-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1904)
  • 1981 – Roger Doucet, Canadian tenor (b. 1919)
  • 1982 – Hugh Everett III, American physicist and mathematician (b. 1930)
  • 1984 – Faina Ranevskaya, Russian actress (b. 1896)
  • 1984 – Aziz Sami, Iraqi writer and translator (b. 1895)
  • 1985 – Janusz Zajdel, Polish author (b. 1938)
  • 1989 – Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish businessman and politician, President of the Republic of Poland (b. 1913)
  • 1990 – Eddie Quillan, American actor (b. 1907)
  • 1992 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian lawyer and judge (b. 1940)
  • 1994 – Victor Barbeau, Canadian author and academic (b. 1896)
  • 1998 – Elmer Valo, Polish-American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1921)
  • 2002 – Dave Carter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
  • 2002 – Alan Lomax, American historian, scholar, and activist (b. 1915)
  • 2003 – Bill Bright, American evangelist and author, founded the Campus Crusade for Christ (b. 1921)
  • 2003 – Pierre Graber, Swiss politician, President of the Swiss National Council (b. 1908)
  • 2004 – Sylvia Daoust, Canadian sculptor (b. 1902)
  • 2004 – J. Gordon Edwards, American entomologist, mountaineer, and DDT advocate (b. 1919)
  • 2004 – Francis A. Marzen, American priest, and journalist (b. 1924)
  • 2004 – Zenkō Suzuki, Japanese politician, 70th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1911)
  • 2005 – Edward Bunker, American author and screenwriter (b. 1933)
  • 2006 – Jack Warden, American actor (b. 1920)
  • 2007 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1945)
  • 2007 – Roberto Fontanarrosa, Argentinian cartoonist (b. 1944)
  • 2008 – Dercy Gonçalves, Brazilian comedian and actress (b. 1907)
  • 2009 – Frank McCourt, American author and educator (b. 1930)
  • 2009 – Henry Surtees, English race car driver (b. 1991)
  • 2010 – Cécile Aubry, French actress, author, television screenwriter and director (b. 1928)
  • 2010 – Jon Cleary, Australian author and playwright (b. 1917)
  • 2012 – Humayun Ahmed, Bangladeshi director and playwright (b. 1948)
  • 2012 – Tom Davis, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
  • 2012 – Mohammad Hassan Ganji, Iranian meteorologist and academic (b. 1912)
  • 2012 – Omar Suleiman, Egyptian general, and politician, 16th Vice President of Egypt (b. 1935)
  • 2012 – Sylvia Woods, American businesswoman, co-founded Sylvia’s Restaurant of Harlem (b. 1926)
  • 2012 – Valiulla Yakupov, Islamic cleric (b. 1963)
  • 2013 – Mikhail Gorsheniov, Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1973)
  • 2013 – Geeto Mongol, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (b. 1931)
  • 2013 – Mel Smith, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
  • 2013 – Bert Trautmann, German footballer and manager (b. 1923)
  • 2013 – Phil Woosnam, Welsh-American soccer player and manager (b. 1932)
  • 2013 – Peter Ziegler, Swiss geologist and academic (b. 1928)
  • 2013 – Leyla Erbil, Turkish author (b. 1931)
  • 2014 – Rubem Alves, Brazilian theologian (b. 1933)
  • 2014 – David Easton, Canadian-American political scientist and academic (b. 1917)
  • 2014 – Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician and author (b. 1933)
  • 2014 – James Garner, American actor (b. 1928)
  • 2014 – Jerzy Jurka, Polish biologist (b. 1950)
  • 2014 – Ray King, English footballer and manager (b. 1924)
  • 2014 – Ingemar Odlander, Swedish journalist (b. 1936)
  • 2014 – Harry Pougher, English cricketer (b. 1941)
  • 2014 – Leen Vleggeert, Dutch politician (b. 1931)
  • 2014 – John Winkin, American baseball player, coach, and journalist (b. 1919)
  • 2015 – Van Alexander, American composer and conductor (b. 1915)
  • 2015 – Galina Prozumenshchikova, Ukrainian-Russian swimmer and journalist (b. 1948)
  • 2015 – Carmino Ravosa, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1930)
  • 2015 – Gennadiy Seleznyov, Russian journalist and politician, 2nd Speaker of the Duma (b. 1947)
  • 2016 – Garry Marshall, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1934)
  • 2018 – Jon Schnepp, American producer, director, voice actor, editor, writer, cartoonist, animator, and cinematographer (b. 1967)
  • 2018 – Denis Ten, Kazakhstani figure skater (b. 1993)
  • 2019 – Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor, director, and producer (b. 1944)

Holidays and observances on July 19

  • Christian feast day:
    • Arsenius (Catholic Church)
    • Bernold, Bishop of Utrecht
    • Justa and Rufina
    • Kirdjun (or Abakerazum)
    • Macrina the Younger, Sister of St. Basil the Great
    • Symmachus
    • July 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Martyrs’ Day (Myanmar)
  • Sandinista Day or Liberation Day (Nicaragua)

July 17 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine, modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
  • 1048 – Damasus II is elected pope.
  • 1203 – The Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople by assault. The Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos flees from his capital into exile.
  • 1402 – Zhu Di, better known by his era name as the Yongle Emperor, assumes the throne over the Ming dynasty of China.
  • 1429 – Hundred Years’ War: Charles VII of France is crowned the King of France in the Reims Cathedral after a successful campaign by Joan of Arc.
  • 1453 – Battle of Castillon: The last battle of Hundred Years’ War, the French under Jean Bureau defeat the English under the Earl of Shrewsbury, who is killed in the battle in Gascony.
  • 1717 – King George I of Great Britain sails down the River Thames with a barge of 50 musicians, where George Frideric Handel’s Water Music is premiered.
  • 1762 – Catherine II becomes tsar of Russia upon the murder of Peter III of Russia.
  • 1771 – Bloody Falls massacre: Chipewyan chief Matonabbee, traveling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his Arctic overland journey, massacres a group of unsuspecting Inuit.
  • 1791 – Members of the French National Guard under the command of General Lafayette open fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution, killing scores of people.
  • 1794 – The 16 Carmelite Martyrs of Compiègne are executed ten days prior to the end of the French Revolution’s Reign of Terror.
  • 1867 – Harvard School of Dental Medicine is established in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the first dental school in the U.S. that is affiliated with a university.
  • 1821: The Kingdom of Spain cedes the territory of Florida to the United States.
  • 1899 – NEC Corporation is organized as the first Japanese joint venture with foreign capital.
  • 1902 – Willis Carrier creates the first air conditioner in Buffalo, New York.
  • 1917 – King George V issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British Royal Family will bear the surname Windsor.
  • 1918 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his immediate family and retainers are executed by Bolshevik Chekists at the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, Russia.
  • 1918 – The RMS Carpathia, the ship that rescued the 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic, is sunk off Ireland by the German SM U-55; five lives are lost.
  • 1932 – Altona Bloody Sunday: A riot between the Nazi Party paramilitary forces, the SS and SA, and the German Communist Party ensues.
  • 1936 – Spanish Civil War: An Armed Forces rebellion against the recently elected leftist Popular Front government of Spain starts the civil war.
  • 1938 – Douglas Corrigan takes off from Brooklyn to fly the “wrong way” to Ireland and becomes known as “Wrong Way” Corrigan.
  • 1944 – Port Chicago disaster: Near the San Francisco Bay, two ships laden with ammunition for the war explode in Port Chicago, California, killing 320.
  • 1944 – World War II: At Sainte-Foy-de-Montgommery. in Normandy Field Marshal Erwin Rommel was strafed by allied aircraft while returning to his headquarters.
  • 1945 – World War II: The main three leaders of the Allied nations, Winston Churchill, Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin, meet in the German city of Potsdam to decide the future of a defeated Germany.
  • 1953 – The largest number of United States midshipman casualties in a single event results from an aircraft crash in Florida, killing 44.
  • 1955 – Disneyland is dedicated and opened by Walt Disney in Anaheim, California.
  • 1962 – Nuclear weapons testing: The “Small Boy” test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada National Security Site.
  • 1968 – Abdul Rahman Arif is overthrown and the Ba’ath Party is installed as the governing power in Iraq with Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr as the new Iraqi President.
  • 1973 – King Mohammed Zahir Shah of Afghanistan, while having surgery in Italy, is deposed by his cousin Mohammed Daoud Khan.
  • 1975 – Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
  • 1976 – East Timor is annexed, and becomes the 27th province of Indonesia.
  • 1976 – The opening of the Summer Olympics in Montreal is marred by 25 African teams boycotting the games because of New Zealand’s participation. Contrary to rulings by other international sports organizations, the IOC had declined to exclude New Zealand because of their participation in South African sporting events during apartheid.
  • 1979 – Nicaraguan dictator General Anastasio Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami, Florida, United States.
  • 1981 – A structural failure leads to the collapse of a walkway at the Hyatt Regency in Kansas City, Missouri, killing 114 people and injuring more than 200.
  • 1984 – The national drinking age in the United States was changed from 18 to 21.
  • 1985 – Founding of the EUREKA Network by former head of states François Mitterrand (France) and Helmut Kohl (Germany).
  • 1989 – First flight of the B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber.
  • 1989 – Holy See–Poland relations are restored.
  • 1996 – TWA Flight 800: Off the coast of Long Island, New York, a Paris-bound TWA Boeing 747 explodes, killing all 230 on board.
  • 1998 – The 7.0 Mw  Papua New Guinea earthquake triggers a tsunami that destroys ten villages in Papua New Guinea, killing up to 2,700 people, and leaving several thousand injured.
  • 1998 – A diplomatic conference adopts the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, establishing a permanent international court to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
  • 2000 – During approach to Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport, Alliance Air Flight 7412 suddenly crashes into a residential neighborhood in Patna, killing 60 people.
  • 2001 – Concorde is brought back into service nearly a year after the July 2000 crash.
  • 2006 – The 7.7 Mw  Pangandaran tsunami earthquake severely affects the Indonesian island of Java, killing 668 people, and leaving more than 9,000 injured.
  • 2007 – TAM Airlines Flight 3054, an Airbus A320, crashes into a warehouse after landing too fast and missing the end of the São Paulo–Congonhas Airport runway, killing 199 people.
  • 2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, a Boeing 777, crashes near the border of Ukraine and Russia after being shot down. All 298 people on board are killed.
  • 2014 – A French regional train on the Pau-Bayonne line crashes into a high-speed train near the town of Denguin, resulting in at least 25 injuries.
  • 2015 – At least 120 people are killed and 130 injured by a suicide bombing in Diyala Governorate, Iraq.
  • 2018 – 12 new moons are discovered orbiting. Jupiter

Births on July 17

  • 1487 – Ismail I of Iran (d. 1524)
  • 1499 – Maria Salviati, Italian noblewoman (d. 1543)
  • 1531 – Antoine de Créqui Canaples, Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 1574)
  • 1674 – Isaac Watts, English hymnwriter and theologian (d. 1748)
  • 1695 – Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dachsburg-Falkenburg-Heidesheim (d. 1766)
  • 1698 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1759)
  • 1708 – Frederick Christian, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (d. 1769)
  • 1714 – Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, German philosopher and academic (d. 1762)
  • 1744 – Elbridge Gerry, American merchant and politician, 5th Vice President of the United States (d. 1814)
  • 1763 – John Jacob Astor, German-American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1848)
  • 1774 – John Wilbur, American minister and theologian (d. 1856)
  • 1797 – Paul Delaroche, French painter and academic (d. 1856)
  • 1823 – Leander Clark, American businessman, judge, and politician (d. 1910)
  • 1831 – Xianfeng Emperor of China (d. 1861)
  • 1837 – Joseph-Alfred Mousseau, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 7th Secretary of State for Canada (d. 1886)
  • 1839 – Ephraim Shay, American engineer, invented the Shay locomotive (d. 1916)
  • 1853 – Alexius Meinong, Ukrainian-Austrian philosopher and academic (d. 1920)
  • 1868 – Henri Nathansen, Danish director and playwright (d. 1944)
  • 1870 – Charles Davidson Dunbar, Scottish soldier and bagpipe player (d. 1939)
  • 1871 – Lyonel Feininger, German-American painter and illustrator (d. 1956)
  • 1879 – Jack Laviolette, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 1960)
  • 1882 – James Somerville, English admiral and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Somerset (d. 1949)
  • 1888 – Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Ukrainian-Israeli novelist, short story writer, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
  • 1889 – Erle Stanley Gardner, American lawyer and author (d. 1970)
  • 1894 – Georges Lemaître, Belgian priest, astronomer, and cosmologist (d. 1966)
  • 1896 – Rupert Atkinson, English RAF officer (d. 1919)
  • 1898 – Berenice Abbott, American photographer (d. 1991)
  • 1898 – Osmond Borradaile, Canadian soldier and cinematographer (d. 1999)
  • 1899 – James Cagney, American actor and dancer (d. 1986)
  • 1900 – Marcel Dalio, French actor (d. 1983)
  • 1901 – Luigi Chinetti, Italian-American race car driver (d. 1994)
  • 1901 – Bruno Jasieński, Polish poet and author (d. 1938)
  • 1901 – Patrick Smith, Irish farmer and politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (d. 1982)
  • 1902 – Christina Stead, Australian author and academic (d. 1983)
  • 1905 – William Gargan, American actor (d. 1979)
  • 1910 – James Coyne, Canadian lawyer and banker, 2nd Governor of the Bank of Canada (d. 2012)
  • 1910 – Frank Olson, American chemist and microbiologist (d. 1953)
  • 1911 – Lionel Ferbos, American trumpet player (d. 2014)
  • 1911 – Heinz Lehmann, German-Canadian psychiatrist and academic (d. 1999)
  • 1912 – Erwin Bauer, German race car driver (d. 1958)
  • 1912 – Art Linkletter, Canadian-American radio and television host (d. 2010)
  • 1913 – Bertrand Goldberg, American architect, designed the Marina City Building (d. 1997)
  • 1914 – Eleanor Steber, American soprano and educator (d. 1990)
  • 1915 – Bijon Bhattacharya, Indian actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1978)
  • 1915 – Arthur Rothstein, American photographer and educator (d. 1985)
  • 1917 – Lou Boudreau, American baseball player and manager (d. 2001)
  • 1917 – Phyllis Diller, American actress, comedian, and voice artist (d. 2012)
  • 1917 – Kenan Evren, Turkish general and politician, 7th President of Turkey (d. 2015)
  • 1917 – Christiane Rochefort, French author (d. 1998)
  • 1918 – Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio, Guatemalan soldier and politician, President of Guatemala (d. 2003)
  • 1918 – Red Sovine, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1980)
  • 1920 – Gordon Gould, American physicist and academic, invented the laser (d. 2005)
  • 1920 – Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish businessman, 7th President of the International Olympic Committee (d. 2010)
  • 1921 – George Barnes, American guitarist, producer, and songwriter (d. 1977)
  • 1921 – Louis Lachenal, French mountaineer (d. 1955)
  • 1921 – Mary Osborne, American guitarist (d. 1992)
  • 1921 – Toni Stone, American baseball player (d. 1996)
  • 1921 – František Zvarík, Slovak actor (d. 2008)
  • 1923 – Jeanne Block, American psychologist (d. 1981)
  • 1923 – John Cooper, English car designer, co-founded the Cooper Car Company (d. 2000)
  • 1924 – Garde Gardom, Canadian lawyer and politician, 26th Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia (d. 2013)
  • 1925 – Jimmy Scott, American singer and actor (d. 2014)
  • 1925 – Mohammad Hasan Sharq, Afghan politician
  • 1926 – Édouard Carpentier, French-Canadian wrestler (d. 2010)
  • 1926 – Willis Carto, American activist and theorist (d. 2015)
  • 1928 – Vince Guaraldi, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1976)
  • 1929 – Sergei K. Godunov, Russian mathematician and academic
  • 1932 – Niccolò Castiglioni, Italian composer (d. 1996)
  • 1932 – Red Kerr, American basketball player and coach (d. 2009)
  • 1932 – Wojciech Kilar, Polish pianist and composer (d. 2013)
  • 1932 – Karla Kuskin, American author and illustrator (d. 2009)
  • 1932 – Slick Leonard, American basketball player and coach
  • 1932 – Quino, Spanish-Argentinian cartoonist
  • 1932 – Hal Riney, American businessman, founded Publicis & Hal Riney (d. 2008)
  • 1933 – Keiko Awaji, Japanese actress (d. 2014)
  • 1933 – Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici, Maltese politician, 9th Prime Minister of Malta
  • 1933 – Tony Pithey, Zimbabwean-South African cricketer (d. 2006)
  • 1934 – Lucio Tan, Chinese-Filipino billionaire businessman and educator
  • 1935 – Diahann Carroll, American actress and singer (d. 2019)
  • 1935 – Peter Schickele, American composer and educator
  • 1935 – Donald Sutherland, Canadian actor and producer
  • 1938 – Hermann Huppen, Belgian author and illustrator
  • 1939 – Andrée Champagne, Canadian actress and politician
  • 1939 – Spencer Davis, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1939 – Ali Khamenei, Iranian cleric and politician, 2nd Supreme Leader of Iran
  • 1940 – Tim Brooke-Taylor, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2020)
  • 1941 – Daryle Lamonica, American football player
  • 1941 – Bob Taylor, English cricketer
  • 1941 – Achim Warmbold, German race car driver and manager
  • 1942 – Don Kessinger, American baseball player and manager
  • 1942 – Gale Garnett, New Zealand–born Canadian singer
  • 1942 – Connie Hawkins, American basketball player (d. 2017)
  • 1942 – Zoot Money, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
  • 1943 – LaVyrle Spencer, American author and educator
  • 1944 – Mark Burgess, New Zealand cricketer and footballer
  • 1944 – Catherine Schell, Hungarian-English actress
  • 1944 – Carlos Alberto Torres, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2016)
  • 1945 – Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia
  • 1945 – John Patten, Baron Patten, English politician, Secretary of State for Education
  • 1946 – Chris Crutcher, American novelist and short story writer
  • 1946 – Ted Sampley, American POW/MIA activist (d. 2009)
  • 1947 – Joyce Anelay, Baroness Anelay of St John’s, English educator and politician
  • 1947 – Robert Begerau, German footballer and manager
  • 1947 – Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
  • 1947 – Wolfgang Flür, German musician (Kraftwerk)
  • 1947 – Mick Tucker, English rock drummer (Sweet) (d. 2002)
  • 1948 – Ron Asheton, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2009)
  • 1948 – Luc Bondy, Swiss director and producer (d. 2015)
  • 1949 – Geezer Butler, English bass player and songwriter
  • 1949 – Charley Steiner, American journalist and sportscaster
  • 1950 – Phoebe Snow, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011)
  • 1950 – Tengku Sulaiman Shah, Malaysian corporate figure
  • 1950 – Sadhan Chandra Majumder, Bangladeshi politician
  • 1951 – Lucie Arnaz, American actress and singer
  • 1951 – Mark Bowden, American journalist and author
  • 1951 – Andrew Robathan, English soldier and politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces
  • 1952 – David Hasselhoff, American actor, singer, and producer
  • 1952 – Nicolette Larson, American singer-songwriter (d. 1997)
  • 1952 – Thé Lau, Dutch singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2015)
  • 1952 – Robert R. McCammon, American author
  • 1954 – António Costa, Prime Minister of Portugal
  • 1954 – Angela Merkel, German chemist and politician, 8th Chancellor of Germany
  • 1954 – Edward Natapei, Vanuatuan politician, 6th Prime Minister of Vanuatu (d. 2015)
  • 1954 – J. Michael Straczynski, American author, screenwriter, and producer
  • 1955 – Sylvie Léonard, Canadian actress and screenwriter
  • 1955 – Paul Stamets, American mycologist and author
  • 1956 – Julie Bishop, Australian lawyer and politician, 38th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs
  • 1956 – Bryan Trottier, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
  • 1957 – Bruce Crump, American drummer and songwriter (d. 2015)
  • 1957 – Wendy Freedman, Canadian-American cosmologist and astronomer
  • 1958 – Wong Kar-wai, Chinese director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1958 – Suzanne Moore, English journalist
  • 1958 – Susan Silver, American music manager
  • 1958 – Thérèse Rein, Australian businesswoman, founded Ingeus
  • 1959 – Pola Uddin, Baroness Uddin, Bangladeshi-English politician
  • 1960 – Kim Barnett, English cricketer and coach
  • 1960 – Mark Burnett, English-American screenwriter and producer
  • 1960 – Nancy Giles, American journalist and actress
  • 1960 – Robin Shou, Hong Kong martial artist and actor
  • 1960 – Dawn Upshaw, American soprano
  • 1960 – Jan Wouters, Dutch footballer and manager
  • 1961 – António Costa, Portuguese politician, 119th Prime Minister of Portugal
  • 1961 – Jeremy Hardy, English comedian and actor (d. 2019)
  • 1963 – Regina Belle, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
  • 1963 – Letsie III of Lesotho
  • 1963 – Matti Nykänen, Finnish ski jumper and singer (d. 2019)
  • 1965 – Craig Morgan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1965 – Alex Winter, English-American actor, film director and screenwriter
  • 1966 – Lou Barlow, American guitarist and songwriter
  • 1966 – Sten Tolgfors, Swedish lawyer and politician, 30th Swedish Minister of Defence
  • 1969 – Scott Johnson, American cartoonist
  • 1969 – Jaan Kirsipuu, Estonian cyclist
  • 1971 – Calbert Cheaney, American basketball player and coach
  • 1971 – Cory Doctorow, Canadian author and activist
  • 1971 – Nico Mattan, Belgian cyclist
  • 1972 – Elizabeth Cook, American singer and guitarist
  • 1972 – Donny Marshall, American basketball player and sportscaster
  • 1972 – Jason Rullo, American drummer
  • 1972 – Jaap Stam, Dutch footballer and manager
  • 1972 – Eric Williams, American basketball player
  • 1973 – Eric Moulds, American football player
  • 1974 – Claudio López, Argentine footballer
  • 1975 – Andre Adams, New Zealand cricketer
  • 1975 – Elena Anaya, Spanish actress
  • 1975 – Darude, Finnish DJ and producer
  • 1975 – Harlette, Australian-English fashion designer
  • 1975 – Loretta Harrop, Australian triathlete
  • 1976 – Luke Bryan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1976 – Gino D’Acampo, Italian chef and author
  • 1976 – Dagmara Domińczyk, Polish-American actress
  • 1976 – Marcos Senna, Brazilian-Spanish footballer
  • 1976 – Anders Svensson, Swedish footballer and sportscaster
  • 1977 – Andrew Downton, Australian cricketer
  • 1977 – Leif Hoste, Belgian cyclist
  • 1977 – Marc Savard, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1978 – Ricardo Arona, Brazilian mixed martial artist
  • 1978 – Panda Bear, American musician and songwriter
  • 1978 – Jason Jennings, American baseball player
  • 1979 – Mike Vogel, American actor
  • 1980 – Javier Camuñas, Spanish footballer
  • 1980 – Ryan Miller, American ice hockey player
  • 1981 – Hely Ollarves, Venezuelan runner
  • 1982 – Omari Banks, Anguillan cricketer
  • 1982 – Natasha Hamilton, English singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
  • 1983 – Ryan Guettler, Australian motocross racer
  • 1983 – Adam Lind, American baseball player
  • 1985 – Loui Eriksson, Swedish ice hockey player
  • 1985 – Tom Fletcher, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1985 – Neil McGregor, Scottish footballer
  • 1986 – DeAngelo Smith, American football player
  • 1986 – Lacey Von Erich, American wrestler
  • 1987 – Darius Boyd, Australian rugby league player
  • 1987 – Jan Charouz, Czech race car driver
  • 1987 – Jeremih, American singer, songwriter, and record producer
  • 1994 – Benjamin Mendy, French footballer
  • 1994 – Kali Uchis, American singer-songwriter
  • 1998 – Rosana Serrano, Cuban rower

Deaths on July 17

  • 521 – Magnus Felix Ennodius, Gallo-Roman bishop
  • 855 – Leo IV, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 790)
  • 924 – Edward the Elder, English king (b. 877)
  • 952 – Wu Hanyue, Chinese noblewoman (b. 913)
  • 961 – Du, empress dowager of the Song Dynasty
  • 1070 – Baldwin VI, count of Flanders (b. 1030)
  • 1085 – Robert Guiscard, Norman adventurer
  • 1119 – Baldwin VII, count of Flanders (b. 1093)
  • 1210 – Sverker II, king of Sweden (b. 1210)
  • 1304 – Edmund Mortimer, 2nd Baron Mortimer (b. 1251)
  • 1399 – Jadwiga, queen of Poland (b. 1374)
  • 1453 – Dmitry Shemyaka, Grand Prince of Moscow
  • 1453 – John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, English commander and politician (b. 1387)
  • 1531 – Hosokawa Takakuni, Japanese commander (b. 1484)
  • 1571 – Georg Fabricius, German poet and historian (b. 1516)
  • 1588 – Mimar Sinan, Ottoman architect and engineer, designed the Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque and Süleymaniye Mosque (b. 1489)
  • 1603 – Mózes Székely, Hungarian noble (b. 1553)
  • 1645 – Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset, English-Scottish politician, Lord Chamberlain of the United Kingdom (b. 1587)
  • 1704 – Pierre-Charles Le Sueur, French fur trader and explorer (b. 1657)
  • 1709 – Robert Bolling, English planter and merchant (b. 1646)
  • 1725 – Thomas King, English and British soldier, MP for Queenborough, lieutenant-governor of Sheerness (b. before 1660?).
  • 1762 – Peter III of Russia (b. 1728)
  • 1790 – Adam Smith, Scottish economist and philosopher (b. 1723)
  • 1791 – Martin Dobrizhoffer, Austrian missionary and author (b. 1717)
  • 1793 – Charlotte Corday, French murderer (b. 1768)
  • 1794 – John Roebuck, English chemist and businessman (b. 1718)
  • 1845 – Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1764)
  • 1871 – Karl Tausig, Polish virtuoso pianist, arranger and composer (b. 1841)
  • 1878 – Aleardo Aleardi, Italian poet and politician (b. 1812)
  • 1879 – Maurycy Gottlieb, Ukrainian-Polish painter (b. 1856)
  • 1881 – Jim Bridger, American scout and explorer (b. 1804)
  • 1883 – Tự Đức, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1829)
  • 1885 – Jean-Charles Chapais, Canadian farmer and politician, 1st Canadian Minister of Agriculture (b. 1811)
  • 1887 – Dorothea Dix, American nurse and activist (b. 1802)
  • 1893 – Frederick A. Johnson, American banker and politician (b. 1833)
  • 1894 – Leconte de Lisle, French poet and translator (b. 1818)
  • 1894 – Josef Hyrtl, Austrian anatomist and biologist (b. 1810)
  • 1900 – Thomas McIlwraith, Scottish-Australian politician, 8th Premier of Queensland (b. 1835)
  • 1907 – Hector Malot, French author and critic (b. 1830)
  • 1912 – Henri Poincaré, French mathematician, physicist, and engineer (b. 1854)
  • 1918 – Victims of the Shooting of the Romanov family
    • Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1901)
    • Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1899)
    • Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1895)
    • Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1897)
    • Alexandra Fyodorovna of Russia (b. 1872)
    • Aleksei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia (b. 1904)
    • Nikolai II of Russia (b. 1868)
    • Anna Demidova (b. 1878)
    • Ivan Kharitonov (b. 1872)
    • Alexei Trupp (b. 1858)
    • Yevgeny Botkin (b. 1865)
  • 1925 – Lovis Corinth, German painter (b. 1858)
  • 1928 – Giovanni Giolitti, Italian politician, 13th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1842)
  • 1928 – Álvaro Obregón, Mexican general and politician, 39th President of Mexico (b. 1880)
  • 1932 – Rasmus Rasmussen, Norwegian actor, singer, and director (b. 1862)
  • 1935 – George William Russell, Irish poet and painter (b. 1867)
  • 1942 – Robina Nicol, New Zealand photographer and suffragist (b. 1861)
  • 1944 – William James Sidis, American mathematician and anthropologist (b. 1898)
  • 1945 – Ernst Busch, German field marshal (b. 1885)
  • 1946 – Florence Fuller, South African-born Australian artist (b. 1867)
  • 1946 – Draža Mihailović, Serbian general (b. 1893)
  • 1950 – Evangeline Booth, English 4th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1865)
  • 1950 – Antonie Nedošinská, Czech actress (b. 1885)
  • 1959 – Billie Holiday, American singer (b. 1915)
  • 1959 – Eugene Meyer, American businessman and publisher (b. 1875)
  • 1960 – Maud Menten, Canadian physician and biochemist (b. 1879)
  • 1961 – Ty Cobb, American baseball player and manager (b. 1886)
  • 1961 – Emin Halid Onat, Turkish architect and academic (b. 1908)
  • 1967 – John Coltrane, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1926)
  • 1974 – Dizzy Dean, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1910)
  • 1975 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian author (b. 1893)
  • 1980 – Don “Red” Barry, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1912)
  • 1980 – Boris Delaunay, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1890)
  • 1988 – Bruiser Brody, American football player and wrestler (b. 1946)
  • 1989 – Itubwa Amram, Nauruan pastor and politician (b. 1922)
  • 1991 – John Patrick Spiegel, American psychiatrist and academic (b. 1911)
  • 1994 – Jean Borotra, French tennis player (b. 1898)
  • 1995 – Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1911)
  • 1996 – Victims of TWA Flight 800
    • Michel Breistroff, French ice hockey player (b. 1971)
    • Marcel Dadi, Tunisian-French guitarist (b. 1951)
    • David Hogan, American composer (b. 1949)
    • Jed Johnson, American interior designer and director (b. 1948)
  • 1996 – Chas Chandler, American bass player and producer (b. 1938)
  • 1998 – Lillian Hoban, American author and illustrator (b. 1925)
  • 2001 – Katharine Graham, American publisher (b. 1917)
  • 2002 – Joseph Luns, Dutch politician and Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1911)
  • 2003 – David Kelly, Welsh weapons inspector (b. 1944)
  • 2003 – Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and harpsichord player (b. 1914)
  • 2003 – Walter Zapp, Latvian-Swiss inventor, invented the Minox (b. 1905)
  • 2005 – Geraldine Fitzgerald, Irish-American actress (b. 1913)
  • 2005 – Edward Heath, English colonel and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1916)
  • 2005 – Joe Vialls, Australian journalist and theorist (b. 1944)
  • 2006 – Sam Myers, American singer-songwriter (b. 1936)
  • 2006 – Mickey Spillane, American crime novelist (b. 1918)
  • 2007 – Grant Forsberg, American actor and businessman (b. 1959)
  • 2007 – Júlio Redecker, Brazilian politician (b. 1956)
  • 2007 – Paulo Rogério Amoretty Souza, Brazilian lawyer and businessman (b. 1945)
  • 2009 – Walter Cronkite, American journalist and actor (b. 1916)
  • 2009 – Leszek Kołakowski, Polish historian and philosopher (b. 1927)
  • 2010 – Larry Keith, American actor (b. 1931)
  • 2011 – David Ngoombujarra, Australian actor (b. 1967)
  • 2012 – Richard Evatt, English boxer (b. 1973)
  • 2012 – Forrest S. McCartney, American general (b. 1931)
  • 2012 – İlhan Mimaroğlu, Turkish-American composer and producer (b. 1926)
  • 2012 – William Raspberry, American journalist and academic (b. 1935)
  • 2012 – Marsha Singh, Indian-English politician (b. 1954)
  • 2013 – Henri Alleg, English-French journalist and author (b. 1921)
  • 2013 – Peter Appleyard, English-Canadian vibraphone player and composer (b. 1928)
  • 2013 – Vincenzo Cerami, Italian screenwriter and producer (b. 1940)
  • 2013 – Don Flye, American tennis player (b. 1933)
  • 2013 – Ian Gourlay, English general (b. 1920)
  • 2013 – David White, Scottish footballer and manager (b. 1933)[18]
  • 2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 victims:
    • Liam Davison, Australian author and critic (b. 1957)
    • Shuba Jay, Malaysian actress (b. 1976)
    • Joep Lange, Dutch physician and academic (b. 1954)
    • Willem Witteveen, Dutch scholar and politician (b. 1952)
  • 2014 – Henry Hartsfield, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1933)
  • 2014 – Otto Piene, German sculptor and academic (b. 1928)
  • 2014 – Elaine Stritch, American actress and singer (b. 1925)
  • 2015 – Bill Arnsparger, American football player and coach (b. 1926)
  • 2015 – Jules Bianchi, French race car driver (b. 1989)
  • 2015 – Owen Chadwick, English rugby player, historian, and academic (b. 1916)
  • 2015 – Van Miller, American sportscaster (b. 1927)
  • 2015 – John Taylor, English pianist and educator (b. 1942)

Holidays and observances on July 17

  • Christian feast day:
    • Alexius of Rome (Western Church)
    • Andrew Zorard
    • Cynehelm
    • Cynllo
    • Inácio de Azevedo
    • Jadwiga of Poland
    • Magnus Felix Ennodius
    • Marcellina
    • Martyrs of Compiègne
    • Blessed Pavel Peter Gojdič (Greek Catholic Church)
    • Pope Leo IV
    • Romanov sainthood (Russian Orthodox Church)
    • Speratus and companions
    • William White (Episcopal Church))
    • July 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Constitution Day (South Korea)
  • Gion Matsuri (Yasaka Shrine, Kyoto)
  • Independence Day (Slovakia)
  • International Firgun Day (international)
  • King’s Birthday (Lesotho)
  • U Tirot Sing Day (Meghalaya, India)
  • World Day for International Justice (International)
  • World Emoji Day (International)

July 11 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

July 11 in History

  • 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter’s Basilica and put to death.
  • 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius).
  • 911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
  • 1174 – Baldwin IV, 13, becomes King of Jerusalem, with Raymond III, Count of Tripoli as regent and William of Tyre as chancellor.
  • 1302 – Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch): A coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France’s royal army.
  • 1346 – Charles IV, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia, is elected King of the Romans.
  • 1405 – Ming admiral Zheng He sets sail to explore the world for the first time.
  • 1476 – Giuliano della Rovere is appointed bishop of Coutances.
  • 1576 – Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.
  • 1616 – Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
  • 1735 – Mathematical calculations suggest that it is on this day that dwarf planet Pluto moved inside the orbit of Neptune for the last time before 1979.
  • 1789 – Jacques Necker is dismissed as France’s Finance Minister sparking the Storming of the Bastille.
  • 1796 – The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.
  • 1798 – The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
  • 1801 – French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons makes his first comet discovery. In the next 27 years he discovers another 36 comets, more than any other person in history.
  • 1804 – A duel occurs in which the Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton.
  • 1833 – Noongar Australian aboriginal warrior Yagan, wanted for the murder of white colonists in Western Australia, is killed.
  • 1848 – Waterloo railway station in London opens.
  • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Fort Stevens; Confederate forces attempt to invade Washington, D.C.
  • 1882 – The British Mediterranean Fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the Anglo-Egyptian War.
  • 1889 – Tijuana, Mexico, is founded.
  • 1893 – The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kōkichi Mikimoto.
  • 1893 – A revolution led by the liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya takes over state power in Nicaragua.
  • 1895 – Brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière demonstrate movie film technology to scientists.
  • 1897 – Salomon August Andrée leaves Spitsbergen to attempt to reach the North Pole by balloon. He later crashes and dies.
  • 1899 – Fiat founded by Giovanni Agnelli in Turin, Italy.
  • 1906 – Murder of Grace Brown by Chester Gillette in the United States, inspiration for Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy.
  • 1914 – Babe Ruth makes his debut in Major League Baseball.
  • 1914 – USS Nevada (BB-36) is launched.
  • 1919 – The eight-hour day and free Sunday become law for workers in the Netherlands.
  • 1920 – In the East Prussian plebiscite the local populace decides to remain with Weimar Germany.
  • 1921 – A truce in the Irish War of Independence comes into effect.
  • 1921 – The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People’s Republic.
  • 1921 – Former president of the United States William Howard Taft is sworn in as 10th chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the only person ever to hold both offices.
  • 1922 – The Hollywood Bowl opens.
  • 1924 – Eric Liddell won the gold medal in 400m at the 1924 Paris Olympics, after refusing to run in the heats for 100m, his favoured distance, on the Sunday.
  • 1934 – Engelbert Zaschka of Germany flies his large human-powered aircraft, the Zaschka Human-Power Aircraft, about 20 meters at Berlin Tempelhof Airport without assisted take-off.
  • 1936 – The Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic.
  • 1940 – World War II: Vichy France regime is formally established. Philippe Pétain becomes Chief of the French State.
  • 1941 – The Northern Rhodesian Labour Party holds its first congress in Nkana.
  • 1943 – Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army within the Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Volhynia) peak.
  • 1943 – World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily: German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
  • 1947 – The Exodus 1947 heads to Palestine from France.
  • 1950 – Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank.
  • 1957 – Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismai’li worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III.
  • 1960 – France legislates for the independence of Dahomey (later Benin), Upper Volta (later Burkina) and Niger.
  • 1960 – Congo Crisis: The State of Katanga breaks away from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
  • 1960 – To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published, in the United States.
  • 1962 – First transatlantic satellite television transmission.
  • 1962 – Project Apollo: At a press conference, NASA announces lunar orbit rendezvous as the means to land astronauts on the Moon, and return them to Earth.
  • 1971 – Copper mines in Chile are nationalized.
  • 1972 – The first game of the World Chess Championship 1972 between challenger Bobby Fischer and defending champion Boris Spassky starts.
  • 1973 – Varig Flight 820 crashes near Paris, France on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 of the 134 on board. In response, the FAA bans smoking in airplane lavatories.
  • 1977 – Martin Luther King, Jr. is posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
  • 1978 – Los Alfaques disaster: A truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in Tarragona, Spain killing 216 tourists.
  • 1979 – America’s first space station, Skylab, is destroyed as it re-enters the Earth’s atmosphere over the Indian Ocean.
  • 1983 – A TAME airline Boeing 737-200 crashes near Cuenca, Ecuador, killing all 119 passengers and crew on board.
  • 1990 – Oka Crisis: First Nations land dispute in Quebec, Canada begins.
  • 1991 – Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 crashes in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia killing all 261 passengers and crew on board.
  • 1995 – Yugoslav Wars: Srebrenica massacre begins; lasts until 22 July.
  • 2006 – Mumbai train bombings: Two hundred nine people are killed in a series of bomb attacks in Mumbai, India.
  • 2010 – The Islamist militia group Al-Shabaab carried out multiple suicide bombings in Kampala, Uganda, killing 74 people and injuring 85 others.
  • 2011 – Ninety-eight containers of explosives self-detonate killing 13 people in Zygi, Cyprus.

Births on July 11

  • 154 – Bardaisan, Syrian astrologer, scholar, and philosopher (d. 222)
  • 1274 – Robert the Bruce, Scottish king (d. 1329)
  • 1406 – William, Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg (d. 1482)
  • 1459 – Kaspar, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken, German nobleman (d. 1527)
  • 1558 – Robert Greene, English author and playwright (d. 1592)
  • 1561 – Luis de Góngora, Spanish cleric and poet (d. 1627)
  • 1603 – Kenelm Digby, English astrologer, courtier, and diplomat (d. 1665)
  • 1628 – Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese daimyō (d. 1701)
  • 1653 – Sarah Good, American woman accused of witchcraft (d. 1692)
  • 1657 – Frederick I of Prussia (d. 1713)
  • 1662 – Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1726)
  • 1709 – Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (d. 1785)
  • 1723 – Jean-François Marmontel, French historian and author (d. 1799)
  • 1751 – Caroline Matilda, British princess, queen consort of Denmark (d. 1775)
  • 1754 – Thomas Bowdler, English physician and philanthropist (d. 1825)
  • 1760 – Peggy Shippen, American wife of Benedict Arnold and American Revolutionary War spy (d. 1804)
  • 1767 – John Quincy Adams, American lawyer and politician, 6th President of the United States (d. 1848)
  • 1826 – Alexander Afanasyev, Russian ethnographer and author (d. 1871)
  • 1832 – Charilaos Trikoupis, Greek lawyer and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1896)
  • 1834 – James Abbott McNeill Whistler, American-English painter and illustrator (d. 1903)
  • 1836 – Antônio Carlos Gomes, Brazilian composer (d. 1896)
  • 1846 – Léon Bloy, French author and poet (d. 1917)
  • 1849 – N. E. Brown, English plant taxonomist and authority on succulents (d. 1934)
  • 1850 – Annie Armstrong, American missionary (d. 1938)
  • 1866 – Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1953)
  • 1875 – H. M. Brock, British painter and illustrator (d. 1960)
  • 1880 – Friedrich Lahrs, German architect and academic (d. 1964)
  • 1881 – Isabel Martin Lewis, American astronomer and author (d. 1966)
  • 1882 – James Larkin White, American miner, explorer, and park ranger (d. 1946)
  • 1886 – Boris Grigoriev, Russian painter and illustrator (d. 1939)
  • 1888 – Carl Schmitt, German philosopher and jurist (d. 1985)
  • 1892 – Thomas Mitchell, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1962)
  • 1894 – Erna Mohr, German zoologist (d. 1968)
  • 1895 – Dorothy Wilde, English author and poet (d. 1941)
  • 1897 – Bull Connor, American police officer (d. 1973)
  • 1899 – Wilfrid Israel, German businessman and philanthropist (d. 1943)
  • 1899 – E. B. White, American essayist and journalist (d. 1985)
  • 1901 – Gwendolyn Lizarraga, Belizean businesswoman, activist, and politician (d. 1975)
  • 1903 – Rudolf Abel, English-Russian colonel (d. 1971)
  • 1903 – Sidney Franklin, American bullfighter (d. 1976)
  • 1904 – Niño Ricardo, Spanish guitarist and composer (d. 1972)
  • 1905 – Betty Allan, Australian statistician and biometrician (d. 1952)
  • 1906 – Harry von Zell, American actor and announcer (d. 1981)
  • 1906 – Herbert Wehner, German politician, Minister of Intra-German Relations (d. 1990)
  • 1909 – Irene Hervey, American actress (d. 1998)
  • 1909 – Jacques Clemens, Dutch catholic priest (d. 2018)
  • 1910 – Sally Blane, American actress (d. 1997)
  • 1911 – Erna Flegel, German Third Reich nurse (d. 2006)
  • 1912 – Sergiu Celibidache, Romanian conductor and composer (d. 1996)
  • 1912 – Peta Taylor, English cricketer (d. 1989)
  • 1912 – William F. Walsh, American captain and politician, 48th Mayor of Syracuse (d. 2011)
  • 1913 – Paul Gibb, English cricketer (d. 1977)
  • 1913 – Cordwainer Smith, American sinologist, author, and academic (d. 1966)
  • 1916 – Mortimer Caplin, American tax attorney, educator, and IRS Commissioner (d. 2019)
  • 1916 – Hans Maier, Dutch water polo player (d. 2018)
  • 1916 – Alexander Prokhorov, Australian-Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
  • 1916 – Reg Varney, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2008)
  • 1916 – Gough Whitlam, Australian lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 21st Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2014)
  • 1918 – Venetia Burney, English educator, who named Pluto (d. 2009)
  • 1920 – Yul Brynner, Russian actor and dancer (d. 1985)
  • 1920 – Zecharia Sitchin, Russian-American author (d. 2010)
  • 1922 – Gene Evans, American actor (d. 1998)
  • 1922 – Fritz Riess, German-Swiss racing driver (d. 1991)
  • 1923 – Richard Pipes, Polish-American historian and academic (d. 2018)
  • 1923 – Tun Tun, Indian actress and comedian (d. 2003)
  • 1924 – César Lattes, Brazilian physicist and academic (d. 2005)
  • 1924 – Brett Somers, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 2007)
  • 1924 – Charlie Tully, Northern Irish footballer and manager (d. 1971)
  • 1924 – Oscar Wyatt, American businessman
  • 1925 – Charles Chaynes, French composer (d. 2016)
  • 1925 – Nicolai Gedda, Swedish operatic tenor (d. 2017)
  • 1925 – Peter Kyros, American lawyer and politician (d. 2012)
  • 1925 – Sid Smith, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2004)
  • 1926 – Frederick Buechner, American minister, theologian, and author
  • 1927 – Theodore Maiman, American-Canadian physicist and engineer (d. 2007)
  • 1927 – Chris Leonard, English footballer
  • 1928 – Greville Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone, Welsh-English lawyer and politician (d. 2015)
  • 1928 – Bobo Olson, American boxer (d. 2002)
  • 1928 – Andrea Veneracion, Filipina choirmaster (d. 2014)
  • 1929 – Danny Flores, American singer-songwriter and saxophonist (d. 2006)
  • 1929 – David Kelly, Irish actor (d. 2012)
  • 1930 – Jack Alabaster, New Zealand cricketer
  • 1930 – Harold Bloom, American literary critic (d. 2019)
  • 1930 – Trevor Storer, English businessman, founded Pukka Pies (d. 2013)
  • 1931 – Dick Gray, American baseball player (d. 2013)
  • 1931 – Thurston Harris, American doo-wop singer (d. 1990)
  • 1931 – Tab Hunter, American actor and singer (d. 2018)
  • 1931 – Tullio Regge, Italian physicist and academic (d. 2014)
  • 1932 – Alex Hassilev, French-born American folk singer and musician
  • 1932 – Jean-Guy Talbot, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1933 – Jim Carlen, American football player and coach (d. 2012)
  • 1933 – Frank Kelso, American admiral and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 2013)
  • 1934 – Giorgio Armani, Italian fashion designer, founded the Armani Company
  • 1935 – Frederick Hemke, American saxophonist and educator
  • 1935 – Oliver Napier, Northern Irish lawyer and politician (d. 2011)
  • 1937 – Pai Hsien-yung, Chinese-Taiwanese author
  • 1941 – Bill Boggs, American journalist and producer
  • 1941 – Henry Lowther, English trumpet player
  • 1943 – Richard Carleton, Australian journalist (d. 2006)
  • 1943 – Howard Gardner, American psychologist and academic
  • 1943 – Tom Holland, American actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1943 – Peter Jensen, Australian metropolitan
  • 1943 – Robert Malval, Haitian businessman and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Haiti
  • 1943 – Rolf Stommelen, German racing driver (d. 1983)
  • 1944 – Lou Hudson, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
  • 1944 – Michael Levy, Baron Levy, English philanthropist
  • 1944 – Patricia Polacco, American author and illustrator
  • 1946 – Martin Wong, American painter (d. 1999)
  • 1947 – Jeff Hanna, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and drummer
  • 1947 – Norman Lebrecht, English author and critic
  • 1947 – Bo Lundgren, Swedish politician
  • 1950 – Pervez Hoodbhoy, Pakistani physicist and academic
  • 1950 – J. R. Morgan, Welsh author and academic
  • 1950 – Bonnie Pointer, American singer (d. 2020)
  • 1951 – Ed Ott, American baseball player and coach
  • 1952 – Bill Barber, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1952 – Stephen Lang, American actor and playwright
  • 1953 – Piyasvasti Amranand, Thai businessman and politician, Thai Minister of Energy
  • 1953 – Angélica Aragón, Mexican film, television, and stage actress and singer
  • 1953 – Peter Brown, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1953 – Suresh Prabhu, Indian accountant and politician, Indian Minister of Railways
  • 1953 – Patricia Reyes Spíndola, Mexican actress, director, and producer
  • 1953 – Leon Spinks, American boxer
  • 1953 – Mindy Sterling, American actress
  • 1953 – Ivan Toms, South African physician and activist (d. 2008)
  • 1953 – Bramwell Tovey, English-Canadian conductor and composer
  • 1953 – Paul Weiland, English director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1954 – Julia King, English engineer and academic
  • 1955 – Balaji Sadasivan, Singaporean neurosurgeon and politician, Singaporean Minister of Health (d. 2010)
  • 1956 – Amitav Ghosh, Indian-American author and academic
  • 1956 – Robin Renucci, French actor and director
  • 1956 – Sela Ward, American actress
  • 1957 – Johann Lamont, Scottish educator and politician
  • 1957 – Peter Murphy, English singer-songwriter
  • 1957 – Michael Rose, Jamaican singer-songwriter
  • 1958 – Mark Lester, English actor
  • 1958 – Hugo Sánchez, Mexican footballer, coach, and manager
  • 1959 – Richie Sambora, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1959 – Suzanne Vega, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1960 – David Baerwald, American singer-songwriter, composer, and musician
  • 1960 – Caroline Quentin, English actress
  • 1961 – Antony Jenkins, English banker and businessman
  • 1962 – Gaétan Duchesne, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007)
  • 1962 – Pauline McLynn, Irish actress and author
  • 1962 – Fumiya Fujii, Japanese music artist
  • 1963 – Al MacInnis, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1963 – Dean Richards, English rugby player and coach
  • 1963 – Lisa Rinna, American actress and talk show host
  • 1965 – Tony Cottee, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
  • 1965 – Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kick-boxer and sportscaster
  • 1965 – Scott Shriner, American singer-songwriter and bass player
  • 1966 – Nadeem Aslam, Pakistani-English author
  • 1966 – Kentaro Miura, Japanese author and illustrator
  • 1966 – Rod Strickland, American basketball player and coach
  • 1966 – Ricky Warwick, Northern Irish musician
  • 1967 – Andy Ashby, American baseball player and sportscaster
  • 1967 – Jhumpa Lahiri, Indian American novelist and short story writer
  • 1968 – Michael Geist, Canadian journalist and academic
  • 1968 – Daniel MacMaster, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2008)
  • 1968 – Esera Tuaolo, American football player
  • 1969 – Ned Boulting, British sports journalist and television presenter
  • 1970 – Justin Chambers, American actor
  • 1970 – Sajjad Karim, English lawyer and politician
  • 1970 – Eric Owens, American opera singer
  • 1971 – Leisha Hailey, Japanese-American singer-songwriter and actress
  • 1972 – Cormac Battle, English-Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1973 – Konstantinos Kenteris, Greek runner
  • 1974 – Alanas Chošnau, Lithuanian singer-songwriter
  • 1974 – Hermann Hreiðarsson, Icelandic footballer and manager
  • 1974 – André Ooijer, Dutch footballer and coach
  • 1975 – Willie Anderson, American football player
  • 1975 – Rubén Baraja, Spanish footballer and manager
  • 1975 – Lil’ Kim, American rapper and producer
  • 1976 – Eduardo Nájera, Mexican-American basketball player and coach
  • 1977 – Brandon Short, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1978 – Kathleen Edwards, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1978 – Massimiliano Rosolino, Italian swimmer
  • 1979 – Raio Piiroja, Estonian footballer
  • 1980 – Tyson Kidd, Canadian wrestler
  • 1980 – Kevin Powers, American soldier and author
  • 1981 – Andre Johnson, American football player
  • 1982 – Chris Cooley, American football player
  • 1983 – Engin Baytar, German-Turkish footballer
  • 1983 – Peter Cincotti, American singer-songwriter and pianist
  • 1983 – Marie Serneholt, Swedish singer and dancer
  • 1984 – Yorman Bazardo, Venezuelan baseball player
  • 1984 – Tanith Belbin, Canadian-American ice dancer
  • 1984 – Jacoby Jones, American football player
  • 1984 – Joe Pavelski, American ice hockey player
  • 1984 – Morné Steyn, South African rugby player
  • 1985 – Robert Adamson, American actor, director, and producer
  • 1985 – Orestis Karnezis, Greek footballer
  • 1986 – Raúl García, Spanish footballer
  • 1986 – Yoann Gourcuff, French footballer
  • 1986 – Ryan Jarvis, English footballer
  • 1987 – Shigeaki Kato, Japanese singer
  • 1988 – Étienne Capoue, French footballer
  • 1988 – Natalie La Rose, Dutch singer, songwriter and dancer
  • 1989 – Tobias Sana, Swedish footballer
  • 1989 – Travis Waddell, Australian rugby league player
  • 1990 – Mona Barthel, German tennis player
  • 1990 – Connor Paolo, American actor
  • 1990 – Adam Jezierski, Polish-Spanish actor and singer
  • 1990 – Patrick Peterson, American football player
  • 1990 – Caroline Wozniacki, Danish tennis player
  • 1993 – Rebecca Bross, American gymnast
  • 1993 – Heini Salonen, Finnish tennis player
  • 1994 – Bartłomiej Kalinkowski, Polish footballer
  • 1994 – Anthony Milford, Australian rugby league player
  • 1994 – Nina Nesbitt, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1994 – Lucas Ocampos, Argentinian footballer
  • 1995 – Joey Bosa, American football player
  • 1995 – Tyler Medeiros, Canadian singer-songwriter and dancer
  • 1996 – Alessia Cara, Canadian singer-songwriter

Deaths on July 11

  • 472 – Anthemius, Roman emperor (b. 420)
  • 937 – Rudolph II of Burgundy (b. 880)
  • 969 – Olga of Kiev (b. 890)
  • 1174 – Amalric I of Jerusalem (b. 1136)
  • 1183 – Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1117)
  • 1302 – Robert II, Count of Artois (b. 1250)
  • 1302 – Pierre Flotte, French politician and lawyer
  • 1344 – Ulrich III, Count of Württemberg (b. c. 1286)
  • 1362 – Anna von Schweidnitz, empress of Charles IV (b. 1339)
  • 1382 – Nicole Oresme, French philosopher (b. 1325)
  • 1451 – Barbara of Cilli, Slovenian noblewoman
  • 1484 – Mino da Fiesole, Italian sculptor (b. c. 1429)
  • 1535 – Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1484)
  • 1581 – Peder Skram, Danish admiral and politician (b. 1503)
  • 1593 – Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian painter (b. 1527)
  • 1599 – Chōsokabe Motochika, Japanese daimyō (b.1539)
  • 1688 – Narai, Thai king (b. 1629)
  • 1774 – Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Irish-English general (b. 1715)
  • 1775 – Simon Boerum, American farmer and politician (b. 1724)
  • 1797 – Ienăchiță Văcărescu, Romanian historian and philologist (b. 1740)
  • 1806 – James Smith, Irish-American lawyer and politician (b. 1719)
  • 1825 – Thomas P. Grosvenor, American soldier and politician (b. 1744)
  • 1844 – Yevgeny Baratynsky, Russian philosopher and poet (b. 1800)
  • 1897 – Patrick Jennings, Irish-Australian politician, 11th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1831)
  • 1905 – Muhammad Abduh, Egyptian jurist and scholar (b. 1849)
  • 1908 – Friedrich Traun, German sprinter and tennis player (b. 1876)
  • 1909 – Simon Newcomb, Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician (b. 1835)
  • 1929 – Billy Mosforth, English footballer and engraver (b. 1857)
  • 1937 – George Gershwin, American pianist, songwriter, and composer (b. 1898)
  • 1959 – Charlie Parker, English cricketer, coach, and umpire (b. 1882)
  • 1966 – Delmore Schwartz, American poet and short story writer (b. 1913)
  • 1967 – Guy Favreau, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 28th Canadian Minister of Justice (b. 1917)
  • 1971 – John W. Campbell, American journalist and author (b. 1910)
  • 1971 – Pedro Rodríguez, Mexican racing driver (b. 1940)
  • 1974 – Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish novelist, playwright, and poet Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
  • 1976 – León de Greiff, Colombian poet and educator (b. 1895)
  • 1979 – Claude Wagner, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1925)
  • 1983 – Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian author (b. 1915)
  • 1987 – Avi Ran, Israeli footballer (b. 1963)
  • 1987 – Yaakov Yitzchok Ruderman, American rabbi and scholar (b. 1901)
  • 1989 – Laurence Olivier, English actor, director, and producer (b. 1907)
  • 1991 – Mokhtar Dahari, Malaysian footballer and coach (b. 1953)
  • 1994 – Gary Kildall, American computer scientist, founded Digital Research (b. 1942)
  • 1998 – Panagiotis Kondylis, Greek philosopher and author (b. 1943)
  • 1999 – Helen Forrest, American singer (b. 1917)
  • 1999 – Jan Sloot, Dutch computer scientist and electronics technician (b. 1945)
  • 2000 – Pedro Mir, Dominican lawyer, author, and poet (b. 1913)
  • 2000 – Robert Runcie, English archbishop (b. 1921)
  • 2001 – Herman Brood, Dutch musician and painter (b. 1946)
  • 2003 – Zahra Kazemi, Iranian-Canadian freelance photographer (b. 1948)
  • 2004 – Laurance Rockefeller, American financier and philanthropist (b. 1910)
  • 2004 – Renée Saint-Cyr, French actress and producer (b. 1904)
  • 2005 – Gretchen Franklin, English actress and dancer (b. 1911)
  • 2005 – Jesús Iglesias, Argentinian racing driver (b. 1922)
  • 2005 – Frances Langford, American actress and singer (b. 1913)
  • 2006 – Barnard Hughes, American actor (b. 1915)
  • 2006 – Bronwyn Oliver, Australian sculptor (b. 1959)
  • 2006 – John Spencer, English snooker player and sportscaster (b. 1935)
  • 2007 – Glenda Adams, Australian author and academic (b. 1939)
  • 2007 – Lady Bird Johnson, American beautification activist; 43rd First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)
  • 2007 – Alfonso López Michelsen, Colombian lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Colombia (b. 1913)
  • 2007 – Ed Mirvish, American-Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded Honest Ed’s (b. 1914)
  • 2008 – Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and educator (b. 1908)
  • 2009 – Reg Fleming, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1936)
  • 2009 – Arturo Gatti, Italian-Canadian boxer (b. 1972)
  • 2009 – Ji Xianlin, Chinese linguist and paleographer (b. 1911)
  • 2010 – Walter Hawkins, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and pastor (b. 1949)
  • 2011 – Rob Grill, American singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1943)
  • 2012 – Art Ceccarelli, American baseball player and coach (b. 1930)
  • 2012 – Marion Cunningham, American author (b. 1922)
  • 2012 – Richard Scudder, American journalist and publisher, co-founded MediaNews Group (b. 1913)
  • 2012 – Donald J. Sobol, American soldier and author (b. 1924)
  • 2012 – Marvin Traub, American businessman and author (b. 1925)
  • 2013 – Emik Avakian, Iranian-American inventor (b. 1923)
  • 2013 – Egbert Brieskorn, German mathematician and academic (b. 1936)
  • 2013 – Eugene P. Wilkinson, American admiral (b. 1918)
  • 2014 – Charlie Haden, American bassist and composer (b. 1937)
  • 2014 – Carin Mannheimer, Swedish author and screenwriter (b. 1934)
  • 2014 – Bill McGill, American basketball player (b. 1939)
  • 2014 – Tommy Ramone, Hungarian-American drummer and producer (b. 1949)
  • 2014 – John Seigenthaler, American journalist and academic (b. 1927)
  • 2014 – Randall Stout, American architect, designed the Taubman Museum of Art (b. 1958)
  • 2015 – Giacomo Biffi, Italian cardinal (b. 1928)
  • 2015 – James U. Cross, American general (b. 1925)
  • 2015 – Satoru Iwata, Japanese game programmer and businessman (b. 1959)
  • 2015 – Lawrence K. Karlton, American lawyer and judge (b. 1935)
  • 2015 – André Leysen, Belgian businessman (b. 1927)

Holidays and observances on July 11

  • Christian Feast Day:
    • Benedict of Nursia
    • Olga of Kiev
    • Pope Pius I
    • July 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • China National Maritime Day (China)
  • Day of the Bandoneón (Argentina)
  • Day of the Flemish Community (Flemish Community of Belgium)
  • Eleventh Night (Northern Ireland)
  • Free Slurpee Day (Participating stores of the 7-Eleven chain in North America)
  • National Day of Remembrance of Victims of Genocide by Ukrainian Nationalists on Citizens of the Second Republic of Poland (Poland)
  • Gospel Day (Kiribati)
  • Imamat Day (Isma’ilism)
  • National Day of Commemoration, held on the nearest Sunday to this date (Ireland)
  • The first day of Naadam (July 11–15) (Mongolia)
  • World Population Day (International)

July 5- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 328 – The official opening of Constantine’s Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus (Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.
  • 1316 – The Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea meet in the Battle of Manolada.
  • 1594 – Portuguese forces under the command of Pedro Lopes de Sousa begin an unsuccessful invasion of the Kingdom of Kandy during the Campaign of Danture in Sri Lanka.
  • 1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
  • 1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
  • 1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins.
  • 1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
  • 1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the Electorate of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
  • 1807 – In Buenos Aires the local militias repel the British soldiers within the Second English Invasion.
  • 1809 – The largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of Wagram is fought between the French and Austrian Empires.
  • 1811 – The Venezuelan Declaration of Independence is adopted by a congress of the provinces.
  • 1813 – War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York commence.
  • 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa: American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
  • 1833 – Lê Văn Khôi along with 27 soldiers stage a mutiny taking over the Phiên An citadel, developing into the Lê Văn Khôi revolt against Emperor Minh Mạng.
  • 1833 – Admiral Charles Napier vanquishes the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
  • 1841 – Thomas Cook organises the first package excursion, from Leicester to Loughborough.
  • 1884 – Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
  • 1915 – The Liberty Bell leaves Philadelphia by special train on its way to the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. This is the last trip outside Philadelphia that the custodians of the bell intend to permit.
  • 1934 – “Bloody Thursday”: Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
  • 1935 – The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
  • 1937 – Spam, the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
  • 1940 – World War II: Foreign relations of Vichy France are severed with the United Kingdom.
  • 1941 – World War II: Operation Barbarossa: German troops reach the Dnieper river.
  • 1943 – World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
  • 1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the Soviet Union at the Battle of Kursk, also known as Operation Citadel.
  • 1946 – Micheline Bernardini models the first modern bikini at a swimming pool in Paris.
  • 1948 – National Health Service Acts create the national public health system in the United Kingdom.
  • 1950 – Korean War: Task Force Smith: American and North Korean forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan.
  • 1950 – Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
  • 1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
  • 1954 – Elvis Presley records his first single, “That’s All Right”, at Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee.
  • 1962 – The official independence of Algeria is proclaimed after an 8-year-long war with France.
  • 1971 – The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
  • 1973 – A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills eleven firefighters.
  • 1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
  • 1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
  • 1977 – Military coup in Pakistan: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, is overthrown.
  • 1980 – Swedish tennis player Björn Borg wins his fifth Wimbledon final and becomes the first male tennis player to win the championships five times in a row (1976–1980).
  • 1987 – Sri Lankan Civil War: The LTTE uses suicide attacks on the Sri Lankan Army for the first time. The Black Tigers are born and, in the following years, will continue to kill with the tactic.
  • 1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions are later overturned.
  • 1995 – Armenia adopts its constitution, four years after its independence from the Soviet Union.
  • 1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
  • 1997 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP A. Thangathurai is shot dead at Sri Shanmuga Hindu Ladies College in Trincomalee.
  • 1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
  • 2004 – The first direct Indonesian presidential election is held.
  • 2006 – North Korea tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan.
  • 2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.
  • 2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered in England, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, Staffordshire.
  • 2012 – The Shard in London is inaugurated as the tallest building in Europe, with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft).
  • 2016 – The Juno space probe arrives at Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.

Births on July 5

  • 465 – Ahkal Mo’ Naab’ I, Mayan ruler (d. 524)
  • 980 – Mokjong of Goryeo, Korean king (d. 1009)
  • 1029 – Al-Mustansir Billah, Fatimid caliph (d. 1094)
  • 1057 – Al-Ghazali, Iranian jurist, philosopher, and mystic (d. 1111)
  • 1321 – Joan of the Tower, English consort of David II of Scotland (d. 1362)
  • 1466 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian nobleman (d. 1510)
  • 1547 – Garzia de’ Medici, Tuscan son of Cosimo I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1562)
  • 1549 – Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian cardinal and art collector (d. 1627)
  • 1554 – Elisabeth of Austria, French queen (d. 1592)
  • 1580 – Carlo Contarini, doge of Venice (d. 1656)
  • 1586 – Thomas Hooker, English-born founder of the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1647)
  • 1593 – Achille d’Étampes de Valençay, French military leader (d. 1646)
  • 1653 – Thomas Pitt, English businessman and politician (d. 1726)
  • 1670 – Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg, countess palatine (d. 1748)
  • 1675 – Mary Walcott, American accuser and witness at the Salem witch trials (d. 1719)
  • 1709 – Étienne de Silhouette, French translator and politician, Controller-General of Finances (d. 1767)
  • 1717 – Peter III, Portuguese king (d. 1786)
  • 1718 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1794)
  • 1745 – Carl Arnold Kortum, German physician and poet (d. 1824)
  • 1755 – Sarah Siddons, English actress (d. 1831)
  • 1780 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (d. 1838)
  • 1793 – Pavel Pestel, Russian officer (d. 1826)
  • 1794 – Sylvester Graham, American minister and activist (d. 1851)
  • 1801 – David Farragut, American admiral (d. 1870)
  • 1802 – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (d. 1855)
  • 1803 – George Borrow, British writer (d. 1881)
  • 1805 – Robert FitzRoy, English captain, meteorologist, and politician, 2nd Governor of New Zealand (d. 1865)
  • 1810 – P. T. Barnum, American businessman, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (d. 1891)
  • 1820 – William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish physicist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1872)
  • 1829 – Ignacio Mariscal, Mexican politician and diplomat, Secretary of Foreign Affairs for Mexico (d. 1910)
  • 1832 – Pavel Chistyakov, Russian painter and educator (d. 1919)
  • 1841 – William Collins Whitney, American financier and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1904)
  • 1849 – William Thomas Stead, English journalist (d. 1912)
  • 1853 – Cecil Rhodes, English-South African businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cape Colony (d. 1902)
  • 1857 – Clara Zetkin, German theorist and activist (d. 1933)
  • 1857 – Julien Tiersot, French musicologist and composer (d. 1936)
  • 1860 – Robert Bacon, American colonel and politician, 39th United States Secretary of State (d. 1919)
  • 1860 – Mathieu Jaboulay, French surgeon (d. 1913)
  • 1862 – George Nuttall, American-British bacteriologist (d. 1937)
  • 1862 – Horatio Caro, English chess master (d. 1920)
  • 1864 – Stephan Krehl, German composer (d. 1924)
  • 1867 – A. E. Douglass, American astronomer (d. 1962)
  • 1872 – Édouard Herriot, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1957)
  • 1874 – Eugen Fischer, German physician and academic (d. 1967)
  • 1879 – Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician, 49th United States Secretary of War (d. 1945)
  • 1879 – Wanda Landowska, Polish-French harpsichord player and educator (d. 1959)
  • 1880 – Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1940)
  • 1880 – Constantin Tănase, Romanian actor and playwright (d. 1945)
  • 1882 – Inayat Khan, Indian mystic and educator (d. 1927)
  • 1883 – Gustave Lanctot, Canadian historian, author, and academic (d. 1975)
  • 1884 – Enrico Dante, Italian cardinal (d. 1967)
  • 1885 – Blas Infante, Spanish historian and politician (d. 1936)
  • 1885 – André Lhote, French sculptor and painter (d. 1962)
  • 1886 – Willem Drees, Dutch politician and historian, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958) (d. 1988)
  • 1886 – Prince John Konstantinovich of Russia (d. 1918)
  • 1888 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
  • 1888 – Louise Freeland Jenkins, American astronomer and academic (d. 1970)
  • 1889 – Jean Cocteau, French novelist, poet, and playwright (d. 1963)
  • 1890 – Frederick Lewis Allen, American historian and journalist (d. 1954)
  • 1891 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
  • 1891 – Tin Ujević, Croatian poet and translator (d. 1955)
  • 1893 – Anthony Berkeley Cox, English writer (d. 1971)
  • 1893 – Giuseppe Caselli, Italian painter (d. 1976)
  • 1894 – Ants Lauter, Estonian actor and director (d. 1973)
  • 1896 – Thomas Playford IV, Australian politician, 33rd Premier of South Australia (d. 1981)
  • 1898 – Georgios Grivas, Greek general (d. 1974)
  • 1899 – Marcel Achard, French playwright, screenwriter, and author (d. 1974)
  • 1900 – Yoshimaro Yamashina, Japanese ornithologist, founded the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology (d. 1989)
  • 1900 – Bernardus Johannes Alfrink, Dutch cardinal (d. 1987)
  • 1901 – Julio Libonatti, Italian-Argentinian footballer (d. 1981)
  • 1902 – Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., American colonel and politician, 3rd United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 1985)
  • 1904 – Harold Acton, English scholar and author (d. 1994)
  • 1904 – Ernst Mayr, German-American biologist and ornithologist (d. 2005)
  • 1904 – Milburn Stone, American actor (d. 1980)
  • 1905 – Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau, Haitian sociologist and educator (d. 1970)
  • 1908 – Henri of Orléans, (d. 1999)
  • 1908 – Lyman S. Ayres II, American businessman (d. 1996)
  • 1910 – Georges Vedel, French lawyer and academic (d. 2002)
  • 1911 – Endel Aruja, Estonian-Canadian physicist and academic (d. 2008)
  • 1911 – Haydn Bunton, Sr., Australian footballer and coach (d. 1955)
  • 1911 – Giorgio Borġ Olivier, Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1980)
  • 1911 – Georges Pompidou, French banker and politician, 19th President of France (d. 1974)
  • 1913 – George Costakis, Russian art collector (d. 1990)
  • 1913 – Smiley Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1966)
  • 1914 – John Thomas Dunlop, American administrator and labor scholar (d. 2003)
  • 1914 – Annie Fischer, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1995)
  • 1915 – Babe Paley, American socialite (d. 1978)
  • 1915 – John Woodruff, American runner and commander (d. 2007)
  • 1915 – Al Timothy, Trinidadian musician and songwriter (d. 2000)
  • 1916 – Lívia Rév, Hungarian classical pianist (d. 2018)
  • 1916 – Ivor Powell, Welsh footballer (d. 2012)
  • 1918 – K. Karunakaran, Indian lawyer and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Kerala (d. 2010)
  • 1918 – Brian James, Australian actor (d. 2009)
  • 1918 – Zakaria Mohieddin, Egyptian general and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2012)
  • 1918 – George Rochberg, American composer and educator (d. 2005)
  • 1921 – Viktor Kulikov, Russian marshal (d. 2013)
  • 1921 – Nanos Valaoritis, Greek author, poet, and playwright (d. 2019)
  • 1923 – George Moore, Australian jockey (d. 2008)
  • 1923 – Mitsuye Yamada, Japanese American activist
  • 1924 – János Starker, Hungarian-American cellist and educator (d. 2013)
  • 1924 – Edward Cassidy, Australian Roman Catholic cardinal priest
  • 1925 – Fernando de Szyszlo, Peruvian painter and sculptor (d. 2017)
  • 1925 – Jean Raspail, French author and explorer (d. 2020)
  • 1926 – Diana Lynn, American actress (d. 1971)
  • 1928 – Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 2013)
  • 1928 – Warren Oates, American actor (d. 1982)
  • 1929 – Jimmy Carruthers, Australian boxer (d. 1990)
  • 1929 – Katherine Helmond, American actress and director (d. 2019)
  • 1929 – Tony Lock, English cricketer (d. 1995)
  • 1929 – Jovan Rašković, Serbian psychiatrist, academic, and politician (d. 1992)
  • 1929 – Jiří Reynek, Czech poet and graphic artist (d. 2014)
  • 1929 – Chikao Ohtsuka, Japanese voice actor (d. 2015)
  • 1931 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and politician, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (d. 2000)
  • 1932 – Gyula Horn, Hungarian politician, 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 2013)
  • 1933 – Paul-Gilbert Langevin, French musicologist, critic and physicist (d. 1986)
  • 1936 – Shirley Knight, American actress (d. 2020)
  • 1936 – James Mirrlees, Scottish economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
  • 1938 – Ronnie Self, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)
  • 1940 – Chuck Close, American painter and photographer
  • 1941 – Terry Cashman, American singer-songwriter and record producer
  • 1941 – Epeli Nailatikau, Fijian chief, President of Fiji
  • 1942 – Matthias Bamert, Swiss composer and conductor
  • 1942 – Hannes Löhr, German footballer, coach, and manager (d. 2016)
  • 1943 – Curt Blefary, American baseball player and coach (d. 2001)
  • 1943 – Mark Cox, English tennis player, coach and sportscaster
  • 1943 – Robbie Robertson, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
  • 1943 – Pierre Villepreux, French rugby player and coach
  • 1944 – Leni Björklund, Swedish politician, 28th Swedish Minister of Defence for Sweden
  • 1945 – Michael Blake, American author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
  • 1945 – Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican lawyer and politician, Attorney General of Mexico
  • 1946 – Pierre-Marc Johnson, Canadian lawyer, physician, and politician, 24th Premier of Quebec
  • 1946 – Paul Smith, English fashion designer
  • 1946 – Gerard ‘t Hooft, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1946 – Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 2013)
  • 1947 – Todd Akin, American politician
  • 1949 – Ludwig G. Strauss, German physician and academic (d. 2013)
  • 1950 – Carlos Caszely, Chilean footballer
  • 1950 – Huey Lewis, American singer-songwriter and actor
  • 1950 – Michael Monarch, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
  • 1951 – Goose Gossage, American baseball player
  • 1951 – Roger Wicker, American colonel, lawyer, and politician
  • 1953 – Caryn Navy, American mathematician and computer scientist
  • 1954 – Jimmy Crespo, American guitarist and songwriter
  • 1954 – John Wright, New Zealand cricketer and coach
  • 1955 – Tony Hadley, English footballer
  • 1955 – Peter McNamara, Australian tennis player and coach (d. 2019)
  • 1956 – Horacio Cartes, Paraguayan businessman and politician, President of Paraguay
  • 1956 – James Lofton, American football player and coach
  • 1957 – Carlo Thränhardt, German high jumper
  • 1957 – Doug Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
  • 1958 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (d. 1996)
  • 1958 – Bill Watterson, American author and illustrator
  • 1959 – Marc Cohn, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
  • 1960 – Pruitt Taylor Vince, American actor and director
  • 1962 – Sarina Hülsenbeck, German swimmer
  • 1963 – Edie Falco, American actress
  • 1964 – Ronald D. Moore, American screenwriter and producer
  • 1965 – Kathryn Erbe, American actress
  • 1965 – Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli-American pianist and educator
  • 1966 – Susannah Doyle, English actress, director, and playwright
  • 1966 – Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer and coach
  • 1968 – Ken Akamatsu, Japanese illustrator
  • 1968 – Kenji Ito, Japanese pianist and composer
  • 1968 – Nardwuar the Human Serviette, Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
  • 1968 – Hedi Slimane, French fashion designer and photographer
  • 1968 – Alex Zülle, Swiss cyclist
  • 1968 – Susan Wojcicki, Polish-American technology executive, CEO of YouTube
  • 1969 – Jenji Kohan, American screenwriter and producer
  • 1969 – Armin Kõomägi, Estonian author and screenwriter
  • 1969 – John LeClair, American ice hockey player
  • 1969 – RZA, American rapper, producer, actor, and director
  • 1970 – Mac Dre, American rapper and producer, founded Thizz Entertainment (d. 2004)
  • 1970 – Valentí Massana, Spanish race walker
  • 1971 – Derek McInnes, Scottish footballer and manager
  • 1972 – Matthew Birir, Kenyan runner
  • 1972 – Robert Esmie, Canadian sprinter
  • 1972 – Gary Shteyngart, American writer
  • 1973 – Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer and coach
  • 1973 – Bengt Lagerberg, Swedish drummer
  • 1973 – Róisín Murphy, Irish singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1974 – Márcio Amoroso, Brazilian footballer
  • 1975 – Hernán Crespo, Argentinian footballer and coach
  • 1975 – Ai Sugiyama, Japanese tennis player
  • 1976 – Bizarre, American rapper
  • 1976 – Nuno Gomes, Portuguese footballer
  • 1977 – Nicolas Kiefer, German tennis player
  • 1977 – Steven Sharp Nelson, American cellist
  • 1978 – Britta Oppelt, German rower
  • 1978 – Allan Simonsen, Danish race car driver (d. 2013)
  • 1978 – İsmail YK, German-Turkish singer-songwriter
  • 1979 – Shane Filan, Irish singer-songwriter
  • 1979 – Amélie Mauresmo, French-Swiss tennis player
  • 1979 – Stiliyan Petrov, Bulgarian footballer and manager
  • 1980 – David Rozehnal, Czech footballer
  • 1980 – Mads Tolling, Danish-American violinist and composer
  • 1980 – Jason Wade, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1982 – Fabrício de Souza, Brazilian footballer
  • 1982 – Alexander Dimitrenko, Ukrainian-German boxer
  • 1982 – Alberto Gilardino, Italian footballer
  • 1982 – Philippe Gilbert, Belgian cyclist
  • 1982 – Kate Gynther, Australian water polo player
  • 1982 – Dave Haywood, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1982 – Paíto, Mozambican footballer
  • 1982 – Javier Paredes, Spanish footballer
  • 1982 – Szabolcs Perenyi, Romanian-Hungarian footballer
  • 1982 – Beno Udrih, Slovenian basketball player
  • 1983 – Marco Estrada, Mexican baseball player
  • 1983 – Jonás Gutiérrez, Argentinian footballer
  • 1983 – Zheng Jie, Chinese tennis player
  • 1983 – Taavi Peetre, Estonian shot putter (d. 2010)
  • 1984 – Danay Garcia, Cuban actress
  • 1984 – Zack Miller, American golfer
  • 1985 – Alexandre R. Picard, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1985 – Megan Rapinoe, American soccer player
  • 1986 – Iurii Cheban, Ukrainian canoe sprinter
  • 1986 – Piermario Morosini, Italian footballer (d. 2012)
  • 1986 – Alexander Radulov, Russian ice hockey player
  • 1986 – Owl City, American singer, songwriter and composer
  • 1987 – Ji Chang-wook, South Korean actor
  • 1987 – Mohd Safiq Rahim, Malaysian footballer
  • 1987 – Andrija Kaluđerović, Serbian footballer
  • 1987 – Alexander Kristoff, Norwegian cyclist
  • 1988 – Martin Liivamägi, Estonian swimmer
  • 1988 – Samir Ujkani, Albanian footballer
  • 1989 – Charlie Austin, English footballer
  • 1989 – Georgios Efrem, Cypriot footballer
  • 1989 – Dwight King, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1990 – Abeba Aregawi, Ethiopian-Swedish runner
  • 1992 – Alberto Moreno, Spanish footballer
  • 1992 – Chiara Scholl, American tennis player
  • 1993 – Yaroslav Kosov, Russian ice hockey player
  • 1994 – Diana Harkusha, Ukrainian lawyer, dancer, model and beauty queen
  • 1994 – Shohei Ohtani, Japanese baseball player

Deaths on July 5

  • 905 – Cui Yuan, Chinese chancellor
  • 905 – Dugu Sun, Chinese chancellor
  • 905 – Lu Yi, Chinese chancellor (b. 847)
  • 905 – Pei Shu, Chinese chancellor (b. 841)
  • 905 – Wang Pu, Chinese chancellor
  • 936 – Xu Ji, Chinese official and chancellor
  • 967 – Murakami, Japanese emperor (b. 926)
  • 1080 – Ísleifur Gissurarson, Icelandic bishop (b. 1006)
  • 1091 – William of Hirsau, German abbot
  • 1316 – Ferdinand, prince of Majorca (b. 1278)
  • 1375 – Charles III, French nobleman (b. 1337)
  • 1413 – Musa Çelebi, Ottoman prince and co-ruler
  • 1507 – Crinitus, Italian scholar and academic (b. 1475)
  • 1539 – Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (b. 1502)
  • 1661 – Sir Hugh Speke, 1st Baronet
  • 1666 – Albert VI, German nobleman (b. 1584)
  • 1676 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish field marshal and politician (b. 1613)
  • 1715 – Charles Ancillon, French jurist and diplomat (b. 1659)
  • 1719 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general (b. 1641)
  • 1773 – Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (b. 1719)
  • 1819 – William Cornwallis, English admiral and politician (b.1744)
  • 1826 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (b. 1782)
  • 1833 – Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor, created the first known photograph (b. 1765)
  • 1859 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist and engineer (b. 1777)
  • 1862 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (b. 1800)
  • 1863 – Lewis Armistead, American general (b. 1817)
  • 1884 – Victor Massé, French composer (b. 1822)
  • 1908 – Jonas Lie, Norwegian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1833)
  • 1920 – Max Klinger, German painter and sculptor (b. 1857)
  • 1927 – Albrecht Kossel, German physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)
  • 1929 – Henry Johnson, American sergeant (b. 1897)
  • 1932 – Sasha Chorny, Russian poet and author (b. 1880)
  • 1935 – Bernard de Pourtalès, Swiss captain and sailor (b. 1870)
  • 1937 – Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (b. 1884)
  • 1943 – Kazimierz Junosza-Stępowski, Polish actor (b. 1880)
  • 1943 – Karin Swanström, Swedish actress, director, and producer (b. 1873)
  • 1945 – John Curtin, Australian journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
  • 1948 – Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (b. 1888)
  • 1948 – Carole Landis, American actress (b. 1919)
  • 1948 – Piet Aalberse, Dutch politician (b. 1871)
  • 1957 – Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1887)
  • 1965 – Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican race car driver, polo player, and diplomat (b. 1909)
  • 1966 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
  • 1969 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist and educator (b. 1884)
  • 1969 – Walter Gropius, German architect, designed the John F. Kennedy Federal Building and Werkbund Exhibition (b. 1883)
  • 1969 – Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician, 1st Kenyan Minister of Justice (b. 1930)
  • 1969 – Leo McCarey, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1898)
  • 1975 – Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano and actress (b. 1892)
  • 1983 – Harry James, American trumpet player and actor (b. 1916)
  • 1984 – Chic Murray, Canadian politician, 2nd Mayor of Mississauga (b. 1914)
  • 1991 – Howard Nemerov, American poet and essayist (b. 1920)
  • 1995 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (b. 1919)
  • 1997 – A. Thangathurai, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (b. 1936)
  • 1998 – Sid Luckman, American football player (b. 1916)
  • 2002 – Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (b. 1924)
  • 2002 – Ted Williams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1918)
  • 2004 – Hugh Shearer, Jamaican journalist and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1923)
  • 2004 – Rodger Ward, American race car driver and sportscaster (b. 1921)
  • 2005 – James Stockdale, American admiral (b. 1923)
  • 2006 – Gert Fredriksson, Swedish canoe racer (b. 1919)
  • 2006 – Thirunalloor Karunakaran, Indian poet and scholar (b. 1924)
  • 2006 – Kenneth Lay, American businessman (b. 1942)
  • 2006 – Amzie Strickland, American actress (b. 1919)
  • 2007 – Régine Crespin, French soprano (b. 1927)
  • 2007 – George Melly, English singer-songwriter and critic (b. 1926)
  • 2008 – Hasan Doğan, Turkish businessman (b. 1956)
  • 2010 – Bob Probert, Canadian ice hockey player and radio host (b. 1965)
  • 2011 – Cy Twombly, American-Italian painter, sculptor, and photographer (b. 1928)
  • 2012 – Rob Goris, Belgian cyclist (b. 1982)
  • 2012 – Gerrit Komrij, Dutch author, poet, and playwright (b. 1944)
  • 2012 – Colin Marshall, Baron Marshall of Knightsbridge, English businessman and politician (b. 1933)
  • 2012 – Ruud van Hemert, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)
  • 2013 – Bud Asher, American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
  • 2013 – David Cargo, American politician, 22nd Governor of New Mexico (b. 1929)
  • 2013 – Lambert Jackson Woodburne, South African admiral (b. 1939)
  • 2014 – Rosemary Murphy, American actress (b. 1925)
  • 2014 – Volodymyr Sabodan, Ukrainian metropolitan (b. 1935)
  • 2014 – Hans-Ulrich Wehler, German historian and academic (b. 1931)
  • 2014 – Brett Wiesner, American soccer player (b. 1983)
  • 2015 – Archduchess Dorothea of Austria (b. 1920)
  • 2015 – Uffe Haagerup, Danish mathematician and academic (b. 1949)
  • 2015 – Yoichiro Nambu, Japanese-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances on July 5

  • Bloody Thursday (International Longshore and Warehouse Union)
  • Christian feast day:
    • Anthony Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
    • Cyril and Methodius (a public holiday in Czech Republic and Slovakia)
    • Zoe of Rome (Roman Catholic Church)
    • July 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Constitution Day (Armenia)
  • Independence Day (Algeria), celebrating the independence of Algeria from France in 1962.
  • Independence Day (Cape Verde), celebrating the independence of Cape Verde from Portugal in 1975.
  • Independence Day (Venezuela), celebrating the independence of Venezuela from Spain in 1811; also National Armed Forces Day.
  • Tynwald Day, if July 5 is on a weekend, the holiday is the following Monday. (Isle of Man)

July 4 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by

The Aphelion, the point in the year when the Earth is farthest from the Sun, occurs around this date.

July 4 in History

  • 362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans.
  • 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaimed herself empress (Augusta) of the Eastern Roman Empire.
  • 836 – Pactum Sicardi, a peace treaty between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples, is signed.
  • 993 – Ulrich of Augsburg is canonized as a saint.
  • 1054 – A supernova, called SN 1054, is seen by Chinese Song dynasty, Arab, and possibly Amerindian observers near the star Zeta Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula.
  • 1120 – Jordan II of Capua is anointed as prince after his infant nephew’s death.
  • 1187 – The Crusades: Battle of Hattin: Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem.
  • 1253 – Battle of West-Capelle: John I of Avesnes defeats Guy of Dampierre.
  • 1359 – Francesco II Ordelaffi of Forlì surrenders to the Papal commander Gil de Albornoz.
  • 1456 – Ottoman–Hungarian wars: The Siege of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade) begins.
  • 1534 – Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye.
  • 1584 – Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe arrive at Roanoke Island
  • 1610 – The Battle of Klushino is fought between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia during the Polish–Muscovite War.
  • 1634 – The city of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France (now Quebec, Canada).
  • 1744 – The Treaty of Lancaster, in which the Iroquois cede lands between the Allegheny Mountains and the Ohio River to the British colonies, was signed in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
  • 1774 – Orangetown Resolutions are adopted in the Province of New York, one of many protests against the British Parliament’s Coercive Acts.
  • 1776 – American Revolution: The United States Declaration of Independence is adopted by the Second Continental Congress.
  • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: U.S. forces under George Clark capture Kaskaskia during the Illinois campaign.
  • 1802 – At West Point, New York, the United States Military Academy opens.
  • 1803 – The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
  • 1817 – In Rome, New York, construction on the Erie Canal begins.
  • 1826 – John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, respectively the second and third presidents of the United States, die the same day, on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration of Independence. Adams’ last words were, “Thomas Jefferson survives.”
  • 1827 – Slavery is abolished in the State of New York.
  • 1831 – Samuel Francis Smith writes “My Country, ‘Tis of Thee” for the Boston, Massachusetts July 4 festivities.
  • 1837 – Grand Junction Railway, the world’s first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
  • 1838 – The Iowa Territory is organized.
  • 1845 – Henry David Thoreau moves into a small cabin on Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts. Thoreau’s account of his two years there, Walden, will become a touchstone of the environmental movement.
  • 1855 – The first edition of Walt Whitman’s book of poems, Leaves of Grass, is published In Brooklyn.
  • 1862 – Lewis Carroll tells Alice Liddell a story that would grow into Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and its sequels.
  • 1863 – American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg: Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to U.S. forces under Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. One hundred fifty miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate army is repulsed at the Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
  • 1863 – American Civil War: The Army of Northern Virginia withdraws from the battlefield after losing the Battle of Gettysburg, signalling an end to the Confederate invasion of U.S. territory.
  • 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: The Zululand capital of Ulundi is captured by British troops and burned to the ground, ending the war and forcing King Cetshwayo to flee.
  • 1881 – In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
  • 1886 – The Canadian Pacific Railway’s first scheduled train from Montreal arrives in Port Moody on the Pacific coast, after six days of travel.
  • 1887 – The founder of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, joins Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam, Karachi.
  • 1892 – Western Samoa changes the International Date Line, causing Monday (July 4) to occur twice, resulting in a year with 367 days.
  • 1894 – The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole.
  • 1898 – En route from New York to Le Havre, the SS La Bourgogne collides with another ship and sinks off the coast of Sable Island, with the loss of 549 lives.
  • 1901 – William Howard Taft becomes American governor of the Philippines.
  • 1903 – The Philippine–American War is officially concluded.
  • 1910 – The Johnson–Jeffries riots occur after African-American boxer Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer Jim Jeffries in the 15th round. Between 11 and 26 people are killed and hundreds more injured.
  • 1911 – A massive heat wave strikes the northeastern United States, killing 380 people in eleven days and breaking temperature records in several cities.
  • 1913 – President Woodrow Wilson addresses American Civil War veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913.
  • 1914 – The funeral of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie takes place in Vienna, six days after their assassinations in Sarajevo.
  • 1918 – Mehmed V died at the age of 73 and Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne.
  • 1918 – World War I: The Battle of Hamel, a successful attack by the Australian Corps against German positions near the town of Le Hamel on the Western Front.
  • 1918 – Bolsheviks kill Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family (Julian calendar date).
  • 1927 – First flight of the Lockheed Vega.
  • 1939 – Lou Gehrig, recently diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, informs a crowd at Yankee Stadium that he considers himself “The luckiest man on the face of the earth”, then announces his retirement from major league baseball.
  • 1941 – Nazi crimes against the Polish nation: Nazi troops massacre Polish scientists and writers in the captured Ukrainian city of Lviv.
  • 1941 – World War II: The Burning of the Riga synagogues: The Great Choral Synagogue in German occupied Riga is burnt with 300 Jews locked in the basement.
  • 1942 – World War II: The 250-day Siege of Sevastopol in the Crimea ends when the city falls to Axis forces.
  • 1943 – World War II: The Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history and the world’s largest tank battle, begins in the village of Prokhorovka.
  • 1943 – World War II: In Gibraltar, a Royal Air Force B-24 Liberator bomber crashes into the sea in an apparent accident moments after takeoff, killing sixteen passengers on board, including general Władysław Sikorski, the commander-in-chief of the Polish Army and the Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile; only the pilot survives.
  • 1946 – The Kielce pogrom against Jewish Holocaust survivors in Poland.
  • 1946 – After 381 years of near-continuous colonial rule by various powers, the Philippines attains full independence from the United States.
  • 1947 – The “Indian Independence Bill” is presented before the British House of Commons, proposing the independence of the Provinces of British India into two sovereign countries: India and Pakistan.
  • 1950 – Cold War: Radio Free Europe first broadcasts.
  • 1951 – Cold War: A court in Czechoslovakia sentences American journalist William N. Oatis to ten years in prison on charges of espionage.
  • 1951 – William Shockley announces the invention of the junction transistor.
  • 1954 – Rationing ends in the United Kingdom.
  • 1960 – Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, almost ten and a half months later (see Flag Acts (United States)).
  • 1961 – On its maiden voyage, the Soviet nuclear-powered submarine K-19 suffers a complete loss of coolant to its reactor. The crew are able to effect repairs, but 22 of them die of radiation poisoning over the following two years.
  • 1966 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Freedom of Information Act into United States law. The act went into effect the next year.
  • 1976 – Israeli commandos raid Entebbe airport in Uganda, rescuing all but four of the passengers and crew of an Air France jetliner seized by Palestinian terrorists.
  • 1976 – The U.S. celebrates its Bicentennial.
  • 1977 – The George Jackson Brigade plants a bomb at the main power substation for the Washington state capitol in Olympia, in solidarity with a prison strike at the Walla Walla State Penitentiary Intensive Security Unit.
  • 1982 – Three Iranian diplomats and a journalist are kidnapped in Lebanon by Phalange forces, and their fate remains unknown.
  • 1987 – In France, former Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie (a.k.a. the “Butcher of Lyon”) is convicted of crimes against humanity and sentenced to life imprisonment.
  • 1994 – Rwandan genocide: Kigali, the Rwandan capital, is captured by the Rwandan Patriotic Front, ending the genocide in the city.
  • 1997 – NASA’s Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars.
  • 1998 – Japan launches the Nozomi probe to Mars, joining the United States and Russia as a space exploring nation.
  • 2001 – Vladivostock Air Flight 352 crashes on approach to Irkutsk Airport killing all 145 people on board.
  • 2004 – The cornerstone of the Freedom Tower is laid on the World Trade Center site in New York City.
  • 2004 – Greece beats Portugal in the UEFA Euro 2004 Final and becomes European Champion for first time in its history.
  • 2005 – The Deep Impact collider hits the comet Tempel 1.
  • 2006 – Space Shuttle program: Discovery launches STS-121 to the International Space Station. The event gained wide media attention as it was the only shuttle launch in the program’s history to occur on the United States’ Independence Day.
  • 2009 – The Statue of Liberty’s crown reopens to the public after eight years of closure due to security concerns following the September 11 attacks.
  • 2009 – The first of four days of bombings begins on the southern Philippine island group of Mindanao.
  • 2012 – The discovery of particles consistent with the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider is announced at CERN.
  • 2015 – Chile claims its first title in international soccer by defeating Argentina in the 2015 Copa América Final.

Births on July 4

  • AD 68 – Salonina Matidia, Roman daughter of Ulpia Marciana (d. 119)
  • 1095 – Usama ibn Munqidh, Muslim poet, author and faris (Knight) (d. 1188)
  • 1330 – Ashikaga Yoshiakira, Japanese shōgun (d. 1367)
  • 1477 – Johannes Aventinus, Bavarian historian and philologist (d. 1534)
  • 1546 – Murad III, Ottoman sultan (d. 1595)
  • 1656 – John Leake, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1720)
  • 1694 – Louis-Claude Daquin, French organist and composer (d. 1772)
  • 1715 – Christian Fürchtegott Gellert, German poet and academic (d. 1769)
  • 1719 – Michel-Jean Sedaine, French playwright (d. 1797)
  • 1729 – George Leonard, American lawyer, jurist and politician (d. 1819)
  • 1753 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard, French inventor, best known as a pioneer in balloon flight (d. 1809)
  • 1790 – George Everest, Welsh geographer and surveyor (d. 1866)
  • 1799 – Oscar I of Sweden (d. 1859)
  • 1804 – Nathaniel Hawthorne, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1864)
  • 1807 – Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian general and politician (d. 1882)
  • 1816 – Hiram Walker, American businessman, founded Canadian Club whisky (d. 1899)
  • 1826 – Stephen Foster, American songwriter and composer (d. 1864)
  • 1842 – Hermann Cohen, German philosopher (d. 1918)
  • 1845 – Thomas John Barnardo, Irish philanthropist and humanitarian (d. 1905)
  • 1847 – James Anthony Bailey, American circus ringmaster, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (d. 1906)
  • 1854 – Victor Babeș, Romanian physician and biologist (d. 1926)
  • 1868 – Henrietta Swan Leavitt, American astronomer and academic (d. 1921)
  • 1871 – Hubert Cecil Booth, English engineer (d. 1955)
  • 1872 – Calvin Coolidge, American lawyer and politician, 30th President of the United States (d. 1933)
  • 1874 – John McPhee, Australian journalist and politician, 27th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1952)
  • 1880 – Victor Kraft, Austrian philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1975)
  • 1881 – Ulysses S. Grant III, American general (d. 1968)
  • 1883 – Rube Goldberg, American sculptor, cartoonist, and engineer (d. 1970)
  • 1887 – Pio Pion, Italian engineer and businessman (d. 1965)
  • 1888 – Henry Armetta, Italian-American actor and singer (d. 1945)
  • 1895 – Irving Caesar, American songwriter and composer (d. 1996)
  • 1896 – Mao Dun, Chinese journalist, author, and critic (d. 1981)
  • 1897 – Alluri Sitarama Raju, Indian activist (d. 1924)
  • 1898 – Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican-American historian and activist (d. 1997)
  • 1898 – Gertrude Lawrence, British actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1952)
  • 1898 – Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician (d. 1998)
  • 1898 – Gertrude Weaver, American supercentenarian (d. 2015)
  • 1900 – Belinda Dann, Indigenous Australian who was one of the Stolen Generation, reunited with family aged 107 (d. 2007)
  • 1900 – Nellie Mae Rowe, American folk artist (d. 1982)
  • 1902 – Meyer Lansky, American gangster (d. 1983)
  • 1902 – George Murphy, American actor and politician (d. 1992)
  • 1903 – Flor Peeters, Belgian organist, composer, and educator (d. 1986)
  • 1904 – Angela Baddeley, English actress (d. 1976)
  • 1905 – Irving Johnson, American sailor and author (d. 1991)
  • 1905 – Robert Hankey, 2nd Baron Hankey, British diplomat and public servant (d. 1996)
  • 1905 – Lionel Trilling, American critic, essayist, short story writer, and educator (d. 1975)
  • 1906 – Vincent Schaefer, American chemist and meteorologist (d. 1993)
  • 1907 – John Anderson, American discus thrower (d. 1948)
  • 1907 – Howard Taubman, American author and critic (d. 1996)
  • 1909 – Alec Templeton, Welsh composer, pianist and satirist (d. 1963)
  • 1910 – Robert K. Merton, American sociologist and scholar (d. 2003)
  • 1910 – Gloria Stuart, American actress (d. 2010)
  • 1911 – Bruce Hamilton, Australian public servant (d. 1989)
  • 1911 – Mitch Miller, American singer and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1914 – Nuccio Bertone, Italian automobile designer (d. 1997)
  • 1915 – Timmie Rogers, American actor and singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
  • 1916 – Iva Toguri D’Aquino, American typist and broadcaster (d. 2006)
  • 1918 – Eppie Lederer, American journalist and radio host (d. 2002)
  • 1918 – Johnnie Parsons, American race car driver (d. 1984)
  • 1918 – King Taufa’ahau Tupou IV of Tonga, (d. 2006)
  • 1918 – Alec Bedser, English cricketer (d. 2010)
  • 1918 – Eric Bedser, English cricketer (d. 2006)
  • 1918 – Pauline Phillips, American journalist and radio host, created Dear Abby (d. 2013)
  • 1920 – Norm Drucker, American basketball player and referee (d. 2015)
  • 1920 – Leona Helmsley, American businesswoman (d. 2007)
  • 1920 – Fritz Wilde, German footballer and manager (d. 1977)
  • 1920 – Paul Bannai, American politician (d. 2019)
  • 1921 – Gérard Debreu, French economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
  • 1921 – Nasser Sharifi, Iranian sports shooter
  • 1921 – Metropolitan Mikhail of Asyut (d. 2014)
  • 1921 – Philip Rose, American actor, playwright, and producer (d. 2011)
  • 1921 – Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist and conductor (d. 2003)
  • 1922 – R. James Harvey, American politician (d. 2019)
  • 1923 – Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
  • 1924 – Eva Marie Saint, American actress
  • 1924 – Delia Fiallo, Cuban author and screenwriter
  • 1925 – Ciril Zlobec, Slovene poet, writer, translator, journalist and politician (d. 2018)
  • 1925 – Dorothy Head Knode, American tennis player (d. 2015)
  • 1926 – Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentinian-Spanish footballer and coach (d. 2014)
  • 1926 – Lake Underwood, American race car driver and businessman (d. 2008)
  • 1927 – Gina Lollobrigida, Italian actress and photographer
  • 1927 – Neil Simon, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 2018)
  • 1928 – Giampiero Boniperti, Italian footballer and politician
  • 1928 – Teofisto Guingona Jr., Filipino politician; 11th Vice President of the Philippines
  • 1928 – Jassem Alwan, Syrian Army Officer (d. 2018)
  • 1928 – Shan Ratnam, Sri Lankan physician and academic (d. 2001)
  • 1928 – Chuck Tanner, American baseball player and manager (d. 2011)
  • 1929 – Ron Casey, Australian journalist and sportscaster (d. 2018)
  • 1929 – Al Davis, American football player, coach, and manager (d. 2011)
  • 1929 – Bill Tuttle, American baseball player (d. 1998)
  • 1930 – George Steinbrenner, American businessman (d. 2010)
  • 1931 – Stephen Boyd, Northern Ireland-born American actor (d. 1977)
  • 1931 – Rick Casares, American football player and soldier (d. 2013)
  • 1931 – Sébastien Japrisot, French author, director, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
  • 1931 – Peter Richardson, English cricketer (d. 2017)
  • 1932 – Aurèle Vandendriessche, Belgian runner
  • 1934 – Yvonne B. Miller, American academic and politician (d. 2012)
  • 1934 – Colin Welland, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
  • 1935 – Paul Scoon, Grenadian politician, 2nd Governor-General of Grenada (d. 2013)
  • 1936 – Zdzisława Donat, Polish soprano and actress
  • 1937 – Thomas Nagel, American philosopher and academic
  • 1937 – Queen Sonja of Norway
  • 1937 – Richard Rhodes, American journalist and historian
  • 1937 – Eric Walters, Australian journalist (d. 2010)
  • 1938 – Steven Rose, English biologist and academic
  • 1938 – Bill Withers, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2020)
  • 1940 – Pat Stapleton, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2020)
  • 1941 – Sam Farr, American politician
  • 1941 – Tomaž Šalamun, Croatian-Slovenian poet and academic (d. 2014)
  • 1941 – Pavel Sedláček, Czech singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1941 – Brian Willson, American soldier, lawyer, and activist
  • 1942 – Hal Lanier, American baseball player, coach, and manager
  • 1942 – Floyd Little, American football player and coach
  • 1942 – Stefan Meller, French-Polish academic and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2008)
  • 1942 – Prince Michael of Kent
  • 1942 – Peter Rowan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1943 – Conny Bauer, German trombonist
  • 1943 – Emerson Boozer, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1943 – Adam Hart-Davis, English historian, author, and photographer
  • 1943 – Geraldo Rivera, American lawyer, journalist, and author
  • 1943 – Fred Wesley, American jazz and funk trombonist
  • 1943 – Alan Wilson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1970)
  • 1945 – Andre Spitzer, Romanian-Israeli fencer and coach (d. 1972)
  • 1946 – Ron Kovic, American author and activist
  • 1946 – Michael Milken, American businessman and philanthropist
  • 1947 – Lembit Ulfsak, Estonian actor and director (d. 2017)
  • 1948 – René Arnoux, French race car driver
  • 1948 – Tommy Körberg, Swedish singer and actor
  • 1948 – Jeremy Spencer, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1950 – Philip Craven, English basketball player and swimmer
  • 1950 – David Jensen, Canadian-English radio and television host
  • 1951 – John Alexander, Australian tennis player and politician
  • 1951 – Ralph Johnson, American R&B drummer and percussionist
  • 1951 – Vladimir Tismăneanu, Romanian-American political scientist, sociologist, and academic
  • 1951 – Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, American lawyer and politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Maryland
  • 1952 – Álvaro Uribe, Colombian lawyer and politician, 39th President of Colombia
  • 1952 – Carol MacReady, English actress
  • 1952 – John Waite, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1952 – Paul Rogat Loeb, American author and activist
  • 1953 – Francis Maude, English lawyer and politician, Minister for the Cabinet Office
  • 1954 – Jim Beattie, American baseball player, coach, and manager
  • 1954 – Morganna, American model, actress, and dancer
  • 1954 – Devendra Kumar Joshi, 21st Chief of Naval Staff of the Indian Navy
  • 1955 – Kevin Nichols, Australian cyclist
  • 1956 – Robert Sinclair MacKay, British academic and educator
  • 1957 – Rein Lang, Estonian politician and diplomat, 25th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs
  • 1958 – Vera Leth, Greenlandic Ombudsman
  • 1958 – Kirk Pengilly, Australian guitarist, saxophonist, and songwriter
  • 1958 – Carl Valentine, English-Canadian footballer, coach, and manager
  • 1959 – Victoria Abril, Spanish actress and singer
  • 1960 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver (d. 1994)
  • 1961 – Richard Garriott, English-American video game designer, created the Ultima series
  • 1962 – Pam Shriver, American tennis player and sportscaster
  • 1963 – Henri Leconte, French tennis player and sportscaster
  • 1963 – Laureano Márquez, Spanish-Venezuelan political scientist and journalist
  • 1963 – José Oquendo, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and coach
  • 1963 – Sonia Pierre, Hatian-Dominican human rights activist (d. 2011)
  • 1964 – Cle Kooiman, American soccer player and manager
  • 1964 – Elie Saab, Lebanese fashion designer
  • 1964 – Edi Rama, Albanian politician
  • 1964 – Mark Slaughter, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1964 – Mark Whiting, American actor, director, and screenwriter
  • 1965 – Harvey Grant, American basketball player and coach
  • 1965 – Horace Grant, American basketball player and coach
  • 1965 – Kiriakos Karataidis, Greek footballer and manager
  • 1965 – Gérard Watkins, English actor and playwright
  • 1966 – Ronni Ancona, Scottish actress and screenwriter
  • 1966 – Minas Hantzidis, German-Greek footballer
  • 1966 – Lee Reherman, American actor (d. 2016)
  • 1967 – Vinny Castilla, Mexican baseball player and manager
  • 1967 – Sébastien Deleigne, French athlete
  • 1969 – Al Golden, American football player and coach
  • 1969 – Todd Marinovich, American football player and coach
  • 1969 – Wilfred Mugeyi, Zimbabwean footballer and coach
  • 1972 – Stephen Giles, Canadian canoe racer and engineer
  • 1972 – Mike Knuble, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
  • 1973 – Keiko Ihara, Japanese race car driver
  • 1973 – Gackt, Japanese musician, singer, songwriter, record producer and actor
  • 1973 – Michael Johnson, English-Jamaican footballer and manager
  • 1973 – Anjelika Krylova, Russian ice dancer and coach
  • 1973 – Jan Magnussen, Danish race car driver
  • 1973 – Tony Popovic, Australian footballer and manager
  • 1974 – Jill Craybas, American tennis player
  • 1974 – La’Roi Glover, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1974 – Adrian Griffin, American basketball player and coach
  • 1976 – Daijiro Kato, Japanese motorcycle racer (d. 2003)
  • 1976 – Yevgeniya Medvedeva, Russian skier
  • 1978 – Marcos Daniel, Brazilian tennis player
  • 1978 – Émile Mpenza, Belgian footballer
  • 1979 – Siim Kabrits, Estonian politician
  • 1979 – Josh McCown, American football player
  • 1979 – Renny Vega, Venezuelan footballer
  • 1980 – Kwame Steede, Bermudan footballer
  • 1981 – Dedé, Angolan footballer
  • 1981 – Brock Berlin, American football player
  • 1981 – Christoph Preuß, German footballer
  • 1981 – Francisco Cruceta, Dominican baseball player
  • 1981 – Will Smith, American football player (d. 2016)
  • 1982 – Vladimir Boisa, Georgian basketball player
  • 1982 – Vladimir Gusev, Russian cyclist
  • 1982 – Jeff Lima, New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1982 – Michael “The Situation” Sorrentino, American model, author and television personality
  • 1983 – Melanie Fiona, Canadian singer-songwriter
  • 1983 – Amantle Montsho, Botswanan sprinter
  • 1983 – Miguel Pinto, Chilean footballer
  • 1983 – Amol Rajan, Indian-English journalist
  • 1983 – Mattia Serafini, Italian footballer
  • 1984 – Jin Akanishi, Japanese singer-songwriter
  • 1984 – Miguel Santos Soares, Timorese footballer
  • 1985 – Kane Tenace, Australian footballer
  • 1985 – Dimitrios Mavroeidis, Greek basketball player
  • 1985 – Wason Rentería, Colombian footballer
  • 1986 – Ömer Aşık, Turkish basketball player
  • 1986 – Nguyen Ngoc Duy, Vietnamese footballer
  • 1986 – Rafael Arévalo, Salvadoran tennis player
  • 1986 – Willem Janssen, Dutch footballer
  • 1986 – Terrance Knighton, American football player
  • 1986 – Marte Elden, Norwegian skier
  • 1987 – Wude Ayalew, Ethiopian runner
  • 1987 – Guram Kashia, Georgian footballer
  • 1988 – Angelique Boyer, French-Mexican actress
  • 1989 – Benjamin Büchel, Liechtensteiner footballer
  • 1990 – Jake Gardiner, American ice hockey player
  • 1990 – Richard Mpong, Ghanaian footballer
  • 1990 – Naoki Yamada, Japanese footballer
  • 1990 – Ihar Yasinski, Belarusian footballer
  • 1992 – Ángel Romero, Paraguayan footballer
  • 1992 – Óscar Romero, Paraguayan footballer
  • 1993 – Tom Barkhuizen, English footballer
  • 1995 – Post Malone, American singer, rapper, songwriter and record producer
  • 1999 – Moa Kikuchi, Japanese musician
  • 2003 – Polina Bogusevich, Russian singer

Deaths on July 4

  • 673 – Ecgberht, king of Kent
  • 907 – Luitpold, margrave of Bavaria
  • 907 – Dietmar I, archbishop of Salzburg
  • 910 – Luo Shaowei, Chinese warlord (b. 877)
  • 940 – Wang Jianli, Chinese general (b. 871)
  • 943 – Taejo of Goryeo, Korean king (b. 877)
  • 945 – Zhuo Yanming, Chinese Buddhist monk and emperor
  • 965 – Benedict V, pope of the Catholic Church
  • 973 – Ulrich of Augsburg, German bishop and saint (b. 890)
  • 975 – Gwangjong of Goryeo, Korean king (b. 925)
  • 1187 – Raynald of Châtillon, French knight (b. 1125)
  • 1307 – Rudolf I of Bohemia (b. 1281)
  • 1336 – Saint Elizabeth of Portugal (b. 1271)
  • 1429 – Carlo I Tocco, ruler of Epirus (b. 1372)
  • 1533 – John Frith, English priest, writer, and martyr (b. 1503)
  • 1541 – Pedro de Alvarado, Spanish general and explorer (b. 1495)
  • 1546 – Hayreddin Barbarossa, Ottoman admiral (b. 1478)
  • 1551 – Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell, English politician (b. 1514)
  • 1603 – Philippe de Monte, Flemish composer and educator (b. 1521)
  • 1623 – William Byrd, English composer (b. c. 1540)
  • 1644 – Brian Twyne, English academic, antiquarian and archivist (b. 1581)
  • 1648 – Antoine Daniel, French missionary and saint, one of the eight Canadian Martyrs (b. 1601)
  • 1742 – Luigi Guido Grandi, Italian monk, mathematician, and engineer (b. 1671)
  • 1754 – Philippe Néricault Destouches, French playwright and author (b. 1680)
  • 1761 – Samuel Richardson, English author and painter (b. 1689)
  • 1780 – Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine (b. 1712)
  • 1787 – Charles, Prince of Soubise, Marshal of France (b. 1715)
  • 1821 – Richard Cosway, English painter and academic (b. 1742)
  • 1826 – John Adams, American lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the United States (b. 1735)
  • 1826 – Thomas Jefferson, American architect, lawyer, and politician, 3rd President of the United States (b. 1743)
  • 1831 – James Monroe, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 5th President of the United States (b. 1758)
  • 1848 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French historian and politician (b. 1768)
  • 1850 – William Kirby, English entomologist and author (b. 1759)
  • 1854 – Karl Friedrich Eichhorn, German academic and jurist (b. 1781)
  • 1857 – William L. Marcy, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 21st United States Secretary of State (b. 1786)
  • 1881 – Johan Vilhelm Snellman, Finnish philosopher and politician (b. 1806)
  • 1882 – Joseph Brackett, American composer and author (b. 1797)
  • 1886 – Poundmaker, Canadian tribal chief (b. 1797)
  • 1891 – Hannibal Hamlin, American lawyer and politician, 15th Vice President of the United States (b. 1809)
  • 1901 – Johannes Schmidt, German linguist and academic (b. 1843)
  • 1902 – Vivekananda, Indian monk and saint (b. 1863)
  • 1905 – Élisée Reclus, French geographer and author (b. 1830)
  • 1910 – Melville Fuller, American lawyer and jurist, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1833)
  • 1910 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer and historian (b. 1835)
  • 1916 – Alan Seeger, American soldier and poet (b. 1888)
  • 1922 – Lothar von Richthofen, German lieutenant and pilot (b. 1894)
  • 1926 – Pier Giorgio Frassati, Italian activist and saint (b. 1901)
  • 1934 – Marie Curie, French-Polish physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1867)
  • 1938 – Otto Bauer, Austrian philosopher and politician, Austrian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1881)
  • 1938 – Suzanne Lenglen, French tennis player (b. 1899)
  • 1941 – Antoni Łomnicki, Polish mathematician and academic (b. 1881)
  • 1943 – Władysław Sikorski, Polish general and politician, 9th Prime Minister of the Second Republic of Poland (b. 1881)
  • 1946 – Taffy O’Callaghan, Welsh footballer and coach (b. 1906)
  • 1948 – Monteiro Lobato, Brazilian journalist and author (b. 1882)
  • 1949 – François Brandt, Dutch rower and engineer (b. 1874)
  • 1963 – Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg, New Zealand general and politician, 7th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1889)
  • 1963 – Clyde Kennard, American activist and martyr (b. 1927)
  • 1963 – Pingali Venkayya, Indian activist, designed the Flag of India (b. 1876)
  • 1964 – Gaby Morlay, French actress and singer (b. 1893)
  • 1969 – Henri Decoin, French director and screenwriter (b. 1890)
  • 1970 – Barnett Newman, American painter and illustrator (b. 1905)
  • 1970 – Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, American sailor and businessman (b. 1884)
  • 1971 – August Derleth, American anthologist and author (b. 1909)
  • 1971 – Thomas C. Hart, American admiral and politician (b. 1877)
  • 1974 – Georgette Heyer, English author (b. 1902)
  • 1974 – André Randall, French actor (b. 1892)
  • 1976 – Yonatan Netanyahu, Israeli colonel (b. 1946)
  • 1976 – Antoni Słonimski, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1895)
  • 1977 – Gersh Budker, Ukrainian physicist and academic (b. 1918)
  • 1979 – Lee Wai Tong, Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1905)
  • 1980 – Maurice Grevisse, Belgian linguist and author (b. 1895)
  • 1984 – Jimmie Spheeris, American singer-songwriter (b. 1949)
  • 1986 – Paul-Gilbert Langevin, French musicologist, critique musical and physicist (b. 1933)
  • 1986 – Flor Peeters, Belgian organist and composer (b. 1903)
  • 1986 – Oscar Zariski, Belarusian-American mathematician and academic (b. 1899)
  • 1988 – Adrian Adonis, American wrestler (b. 1954)
  • 1990 – Olive Ann Burns, American journalist and author (b. 1924)
  • 1991 – Victor Chang, Chinese-Australian surgeon and physician (b. 1936)
  • 1991 – Art Sansom, American cartoonist (b. 1920)
  • 1992 – Astor Piazzolla, Argentinian bandoneon player and composer (b. 1921)
  • 1993 – Bona Arsenault, Canadian historian, genealogist, and politician (b. 1903)
  • 1994 – Joey Marella, American wrestling referee (b. 1964)
  • 1995 – Eva Gabor, Hungarian-American actress and singer (b. 1919)
  • 1995 – Bob Ross, American painter and television host (b. 1942)
  • 1997 – Charles Kuralt, American journalist (b. 1934)
  • 1997 – John Zachary Young, English zoologist and neurophysiologist (b. 1907)
  • 1999 – Leo Garel, American illustrator and educator (b. 1917)
  • 2000 – Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, Polish journalist and author (b. 1919)
  • 2002 – Gerald Bales, Canadian organist and composer (b. 1919)
  • 2002 – Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., American general (b. 1912)
  • 2003 – Larry Burkett, American author and radio host (b. 1939)
  • 2003 – André Claveau, French singer (b. 1915)
  • 2003 – Barry White, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1944)
  • 2004 – Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss violinist and conductor (b. 1920)
  • 2005 – Cliff Goupille, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1915)
  • 2005 – Hank Stram, American football player and coach (b. 1923)
  • 2007 – Bill Pinkney, American singer (b. 1925)
  • 2008 – Thomas M. Disch, American author and poet (b. 1940)
  • 2008 – Jesse Helms, American politician (b. 1921)
  • 2008 – Evelyn Keyes, American actress (b. 1916)
  • 2008 – Terrence Kiel, American football player (b. 1980)
  • 2008 – Charles Wheeler, German-English soldier and journalist (b. 1923)
  • 2009 – Brenda Joyce, American actress (b. 1917)
  • 2009 – Allen Klein, American businessman and talent agent, founded ABKCO Records (b. 1931)
  • 2009 – Drake Levin, American guitarist (b. 1946)
  • 2009 – Steve McNair, American football player (b. 1973)
  • 2009 – Lasse Strömstedt, Swedish author and actor (b. 1935)
  • 2009 – Jean-Baptiste Tati Loutard, Congolese poet and politician (b. 1938)
  • 2010 – Robert Neil Butler, American physician and author (b. 1927)
  • 2012 – Hiren Bhattacharyya, Indian poet and author (b. 1932)
  • 2012 – Jimmy Bivins, American boxer (b. 1919)
  • 2012 – Jeong Min-hyeong, South Korean footballer (b. 1987)
  • 2012 – Eric Sykes, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1923)
  • 2013 – Onllwyn Brace, Welsh rugby player and sportscaster (b. 1932)
  • 2013 – Jack Crompton, English footballer and manager (b. 1921)
  • 2013 – James Fulton, American dermatologist and academic (b. 1940)
  • 2013 – Charles A. Hines, American general (b. 1935)
  • 2013 – Bernie Nolan, Irish singer (b. 1960)
  • 2014 – Giorgio Faletti, Italian author, screenwriter, and actor (b. 1950)
  • 2014 – C. J. Henderson, American author and critic (b. 1951)
  • 2014 – Earl Robinson, American baseball player (b. 1936)
  • 2014 – Richard Mellon Scaife, American businessman (b. 1932)
  • 2015 – Nedelcho Beronov, Bulgarian judge and politician (b. 1928)
  • 2015 – William Conrad Gibbons, American historian, author, and academic (b. 1926)
  • 2016 – Abbas Kiarostami, Iranian film director, screenwriter, poet, and photographer (b. 1940)
  • 2017 – John Blackwell, American R&B, funk, and jazz drummer (b. 1973)
  • 2017 – Daniil Granin, Soviet and Russian author (b. 1919)
  • 2018 – Henri Dirickx, Belgian footballer (b. 1927)
  • 2018 – Robby Müller, Dutch cinematographer (b. 1940)

Holidays and observances on July 4

  • Christian feast day:
    • Andrew of Crete
    • Bertha of Artois
    • Blessed Catherine Jarrige
    • Blessed Pier Giorgio Frassati
    • Elizabeth of Aragon (or of Portugal)
    • Oda of Canterbury
    • Ulrich of Augsburg
    • July 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Birthday of Queen Sonja (Norway)
  • The first evening of Dree Festival, celebrated until July 7 (Apatani people, Arunachal Pradesh, India)
  • Independence Day, celebrates the Declaration of Independence of the United States from Great Britain in 1776. (United States and its dependencies)
  • Liberation Day (Northern Mariana Islands)
  • Liberation Day (Rwanda)
  • Republic Day (Philippines)

June 29 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
  • 1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
  • 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, leading to his excommunication by the Catholic Church and civil war.
  • 1444 – Skanderbeg defeats an Ottoman invasion force at Torvioll.
  • 1534 – Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island.
  • 1613 – The Globe Theatre in London, built by William Shakespeare‘s playing company, the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, burns to the ground.
  • 1644 – Charles I of England defeats a Parliamentarian detachment at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge.
  • 1659 – At the Battle of Konotop the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky defeat the Russians led by Prince Trubetskoy.
  • 1786 – Alexander Macdonell and over five hundred Roman Catholic highlanders leave Scotland to settle in Glengarry County, Ontario.
  • 1807 – Russo-Turkish War: Admiral Dmitry Senyavin destroys the Ottoman fleet in the Battle of Athos.
  • 1850 – Autocephaly officially granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople to the Church of Greece.
  • 1864 – At least 99 people, mostly German and Polish immigrants, are killed in Canada’s worst railway disaster after a train fails to stop for an open drawbridge and plunges into the Rivière Richelieu near St-Hilaire, Quebec.
  • 1874 – Greek politician Charilaos Trikoupis publishes a manifesto in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled “Who’s to Blame?” leveling complaints against King George. Trikoupis is elected Prime Minister of Greece the next year.
  • 1880 – France annexes Tahiti, renaming the independent Kingdom of Tahiti as “Etablissements de français de l’Océanie”.
  • 1881 – In Sudan, Muhammad Ahmad declares himself to be the Mahdi, the messianic redeemer of Islam.
  • 1888 – George Edward Gouraud records Handel’s Israel in Egypt onto a phonograph cylinder, thought for many years to be the oldest known recording of music.
  • 1889 – Hyde Park and several other Illinois townships vote to be annexed by Chicago, forming the largest United States city in area and second largest in population at the time.
  • 1915 – The North Saskatchewan River flood of 1915 is the worst flood in Edmonton history.
  • 1916 – British diplomat turned Irish nationalist Roger Casement is sentenced to death for his part in the Easter Rising.
  • 1922 – France grants 1 km2 at Vimy Ridge “freely, and for all time, to the Government of Canada, the free use of the land exempt from all taxes”.
  • 1927 – The Bird of Paradise, a U.S. Army Air Corps Fokker tri-motor, completes the first transpacific flight, from the mainland United States to Hawaii.
  • 1945 – The Soviet Union annexes the Czechoslovak province of Carpathian Ruthenia.
  • 1950 – Korean War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman authorizes a sea blockade of Korea.
  • 1956 – The Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 is signed by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System.
  • 1972 – The United States Supreme Court rules in the case Furman v. Georgia that arbitrary and inconsistent imposition of the death penalty violates the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments and constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.
  • 1974 – Vice President Isabel Perón assumes powers and duties as Acting President of Argentina, while her husband President Juan Peron is terminally ill.
  • 1974 – Mikhail Baryshnikov defects from the Soviet Union to Canada while on tour with the Kirov Ballet.
  • 1975 – Steve Wozniak tested his first prototype of Apple I computer.
  • 1976 – The Seychelles become independent from the United Kingdom.
  • 1976 – The Conference of Communist and Workers Parties of Europe convenes in East Berlin.
  • 1987 – Vincent Van Gogh’s painting, the Le Pont de Trinquetaille, was bought for $20.4 million at an auction in London, England.
  • 1995 – Space Shuttle program: STS-71 Mission (Atlantis) docks with the Russian space station Mir for the first time.
  • 1995 – The Sampoong Department Store collapses in the Seocho District of Seoul, South Korea, killing 501 and injuring 937.
  • 2002 – Naval clashes between South Korea and North Korea lead to the death of six South Korean sailors and sinking of a North Korean vessel.
  • 2006 – Hamdan v. Rumsfeld: The U.S. Supreme Court rules that President George W. Bush’s plan to try Guantanamo Bay detainees in military tribunals violates U.S. and international law.
  • 2007 – Apple Inc. releases its first mobile phone, the iPhone.
  • 2012 – A derecho sweeps across the eastern United States, leaving at least 22 people dead and millions without power.
  • 2014 – The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant self-declared its caliphate in Syria and northern Iraq.

Births on June 29

  • 1136 – Petronilla of Aragon (d. 1173)
  • 1326 – Murad I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1389)
  • 1398 – John II of Aragon and Navarre (d. 1479)
  • 1443 – Anthony Browne, English knight (d. 1506)
  • 1482 – Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal (d. 1517)
  • 1488 – Pedro Pacheco de Villena, Catholic cardinal (d. 1560)
  • 1517 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (d. 1585)
  • 1525 – Peter Agricola, German humanist, theologian, diplomat and statesman (d. 1585)
  • 1528 – Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1589)
  • 1543 – Christine of Hesse, Duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1604)
  • 1596 – Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan (d. 1680)
  • 1621 – Willem van der Zaan, Dutch Admiral (d. 1669)
  • 1686 – Pietro Paolo Troisi, Maltese artist (d. 1743)
  • 1746 – Joachim Heinrich Campe, German linguist, author, and educator (d. 1818)
  • 1768 – Vincenzo Dimech, Maltese sculptor (d. 1831)
  • 1787 – Lavinia Stoddard, American poet, school founder (d. 1820)
  • 1793 – Josef Ressel, Czech-Austrian inventor, invented the propeller (d. 1857)
  • 1798 – Willibald Alexis, German author and poet (d. 1871)
  • 1798 – Giacomo Leopardi, Italian poet and philosopher (d. 1837)
  • 1801 – Frédéric Bastiat, French economist and theorist (d. 1850)
  • 1803 – John Newton Brown, American minister and author (d. 1868)
  • 1818 – Angelo Secchi, Italian astronomer and academic (d. 1878)
  • 1819 – Thomas Dunn English, American poet, playwright, and politician (d. 1902)
  • 1833 – Peter Waage, Norwegian chemist and academic (d. 1900)
  • 1835 – Celia Thaxter, American poet and story writer (d. 1894)
  • 1844 – Peter I of Serbia (d. 1921)
  • 1849 – Pedro Montt, Chilean lawyer and politician, 15th President of Chile (d. 1910)
  • 1849 – Sergei Witte, Russian politician, 1st Chairmen of Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire (d. 1915)
  • 1849 – John Hunn, American businessman and politician, 51st Governor of Delaware (d. 1926)
  • 1858 – George Washington Goethals, American general and engineer, co-designed the Panama Canal (d. 1928)
  • 1858 – Julia Lathrop, American activist and politician (d. 1932)
  • 1861 – William James Mayo, American physician and surgeon, co-founded the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
  • 1863 – Wilbert Robinson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1934)
  • 1866 – Bartholomeus Roodenburch, Dutch swimmer (d. 1939)
  • 1868 – George Ellery Hale, American astronomer and journalist (d. 1938)
  • 1870 – Joseph Carl Breil, American tenor, composer, and director (d. 1926)
  • 1873 – Leo Frobenius, German ethnologist and archaeologist (d. 1938)
  • 1879 – Benedetto Aloisi Masella, Italian cardinal (d. 1970)
  • 1880 – Ludwig Beck, German general (d. 1944)
  • 1881 – Harry Frazee, American director, producer, and agent (d. 1929)
  • 1881 – Curt Sachs, German-American composer and musicologist (d. 1959)
  • 1882 – Henry Hawtrey, English runner (d. 1961)
  • 1882 – Franz Seldte, German captain and politician, Reich Minister for Labour (d. 1947)
  • 1886 – Robert Schuman, Luxembourgian-French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1963)
  • 1888 – Squizzy Taylor, Australian gangster (d. 1927)
  • 1889 – Willie Macfarlane, Scottish-American golfer (d. 1961)
  • 1890 – Robert Laurent, American sculptor and academic (d. 1970)
  • 1890 – Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch supercentenarian (d. 2005)
  • 1893 – Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, Indian economist and statistician (d. 1972)
  • 1893 – Aarre Merikanto, Finnish composer and educator (d. 1958)
  • 1897 – Fulgence Charpentier, Canadian journalist and publisher (d. 2001)
  • 1898 – Yvonne Lefébure, French pianist and educator (d. 1986)
  • 1900 – Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, French poet and pilot (d. 1944)
  • 1901 – Nelson Eddy, American singer and actor (d. 1967)
  • 1903 – Alan Blumlein, English engineer, developed the H2S radar (d. 1942)
  • 1904 – Witold Hurewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1956)
  • 1906 – Ivan Chernyakhovsky, Ukrainian general (d. 1945)
  • 1906 – Heinz Harmel, German general (d. 2000)
  • 1908 – Leroy Anderson, American composer and conductor (d. 1975)
  • 1908 – Erik Lundqvist, Swedish javelin thrower (d. 1963)
  • 1910 – Frank Loesser, American composer and conductor (d. 1969)
  • 1910 – Burgess Whitehead, American baseball player (d. 1993)
  • 1911 – Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld (d. 2004)
  • 1911 – Katherine DeMille, Canadian-American actress (d. 1995)
  • 1911 – Bernard Herrmann, American composer and conductor (d. 1975)
  • 1912 – José Pablo Moncayo, Mexican pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1958)
  • 1912 – Émile Peynaud, French oenologist and academic (d. 2004)
  • 1912 – John Toland, American historian and author (d. 2004)
  • 1913 – Earle Meadows, American pole vaulter (d. 1992)
  • 1914 – Rafael Kubelík, Czech-American conductor and composer (d. 1996)
  • 1914 – Christos Papakyriakopoulos, Greek-American mathematician and academic (d. 1976)
  • 1916 – Ruth Warrick, American actress and activist (d. 2005)
  • 1917 – Ling Yun, Chinese politician (d. 2018)
  • 1918 – Heini Lohrer, Swiss ice hockey player (d. 2011)
  • 1918 – Gene La Rocque, U.S admiral (d. 2016)
  • 1918 – Francis W. Nye, United States Air Force major general (d. 2019)
  • 1919 – Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada, Mexican cardinal (d. 2008)
  • 1919 – Walter Babington Thomas, Commander of British Far East Land Forces (d. 2017)
  • 1919 – Slim Pickens, American actor and rodeo performer (d. 1983)
  • 1920 – César Rodríguez Álvarez, Spanish footballer and manager (d. 1995)
  • 1920 – Ray Harryhausen, American animator and producer (d. 2013)
  • 1920 – Nicole Russell, Duchess of Bedford (d. 2012)
  • 1921 – Frédéric Dard, French author and screenwriter (d. 2000)
  • 1921 – Jean Kent, English actress (d. 2013)
  • 1921 – Reinhard Mohn, German businessman (d. 2009)
  • 1921 – Harry Schell, French-American race car driver (d. 1960)
  • 1922 – Ralph Burns, American songwriter, bandleader, composer, conductor, arranger and pianist (d. 2001)
  • 1922 – Vasko Popa, Serbian poet and academic (d. 1991)
  • 1922 – John William Vessey, Jr., American general (d. 2016)
  • 1923 – Chou Wen-chung, Chinese-American composer and educator (d. 2019)
  • 1924 – Ezra Laderman, American composer and educator (d. 2015)
  • 1924 – Roy Walford, American pathologist and gerontologist (d. 2004)
  • 1924 – Philip H. Hoff, American politician (d. 2018)
  • 1925 – Francis S. Currey, American World War II Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2019)
  • 1925 – Giorgio Napolitano, Italian journalist and politician, 11th President of Italy
  • 1925 – Chan Parker, American dancer and author (d. 1999)
  • 1925 – Jackie Lynn Taylor, American actress (d. 2014)
  • 1925 – Cara Williams, American actress
  • 1926 – Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Kuwaiti ruler, 3rd Emir of Kuwait (d. 2006)
  • 1926 – Julius W. Becton, Jr., U.S lieutenant general
  • 1926 – Roger Stuart Bacon, Nova Scotia politician
  • 1926 – Bobby Morgan, American professional baseball player
  • 1927 – Pierre Perrault, Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 1999)
  • 1927 – Marie Thérèse Killens, Canadian politician
  • 1928 – Ian Bannen, Scottish actor (d. 1999)
  • 1928 – Jean-Louis Pesch, French author and illustrator
  • 1928 – Radius Prawiro, Indonesian economist and politician (d. 2005)
  • 1929 – Pat Crawford Brown, American actress
  • 1929 – Pete George, American weightlifter
  • 1929 – Oriana Fallaci, Italian journalist and author (d. 2006)
  • 1930 – Ernst Albrecht, German economist and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Lower Saxony (d. 2014)
  • 1930 – Robert Evans, American actor and producer (d. 2019)
  • 1930 – Viola Léger, American-Canadian actress and politician
  • 1930 – Sławomir Mrożek, Polish-French author and playwright (d. 2013)
  • 1931 – Sevim Burak, Turkish author (d. 1983)
  • 1932 – Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton, British jurist; Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland
  • 1933 – Bob Shaw, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
  • 1933 – John Bradshaw, American theologian and author (d. 2016)
  • 1934 – Corey Allen, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2010)
  • 1935 – Vassilis C. Constantakopoulos, Greek captain and businessman (d. 2011)
  • 1935 – Katsuya Nomura, Japanese baseball player and manager
  • 1936 – Harmon Killebrew, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2011)
  • 1939 – Alan Connolly, Australian cricketer
  • 1939 – Amarildo Tavares da Silveira, Brazilian footballer and coach
  • 1940 – Vyacheslav Artyomov, Russian composer
  • 1940 – John Dawes, Welsh rugby player and coach
  • 1941 – John Boccabella, American baseball player
  • 1941 – Stokely Carmichael, Trinidadian-American activist (d. 1998)
  • 1942 – Charlotte Bingham, English author and screenwriter
  • 1942 – Mike Willesee, Australian journalist and producer (d. 2019)
  • 1943 – Little Eva, American singer (d. 2003)
  • 1943 – Louis Nicollin, French entrepreneur and chairman of Montpellier HSC (d. 2017)
  • 1944 – Gary Busey, American actor
  • 1944 – Andreu Mas-Colell, Spanish economist, academic, and politician
  • 1944 – Seán Patrick O’Malley, American cardinal
  • 1945 – Chandrika Kumaratunga, Sri Lankan journalist and politician, 5th President of Sri Lanka
  • 1946 – Ernesto Pérez Balladares, Panamanian politician, 33rd President of Panama
  • 1946 – Egon von Fürstenberg, Swiss fashion designer (d. 2004)
  • 1947 – Richard Lewis, American actor and screenwriter
  • 1948 – Sean Bergin, South African-Dutch saxophonist and flute player (d. 2012)
  • 1948 – Fred Grandy, American actor and politician
  • 1948 – Ian Paice, English drummer, songwriter, and producer
  • 1948 – Usha Prashar, Baroness Prashar, Kenyan-English politician
  • 1949 – Dan Dierdorf, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1949 – Joan Clos, Spanish anesthesiologist and politician, 116th Mayor of Barcelona
  • 1949 – Ann Veneman, American lawyer and politician, 27th United States Secretary of Agriculture
  • 1950 – Bobby London, American illustrator
  • 1951 – Craig Sager, American sportscaster (d. 2016)
  • 1953 – Don Dokken, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1953 – Colin Hay, Scottish-Australian singer and guitarist
  • 1954 – Rick Honeycutt, American baseball player and coach
  • 1954 – Leovegildo Lins da Gama Júnior, Brazilian footballer, coach, and manager
  • 1955 – Charles J. Precourt, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
  • 1956 – Nick Fry, English economist and businessman
  • 1956 – David Burroughs Mattingly, American illustrator and painter
  • 1956 – Pedro Guerrero, Dominican-American baseball player and manager
  • 1956 – Pedro Santana Lopes, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 118th Prime Minister of Portugal
  • 1956 – Pyotr Vasilevsky, Belarusian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
  • 1957 – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Turkmen dentist and politician, 2nd President of Turkmenistan
  • 1957 – María Conchita Alonso, Cuban-Venezuelan singer and actress
  • 1957 – Robert Forster, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1957 – Michael Nutter, American politician, 98th Mayor of Philadelphia
  • 1957 – Terry Wyatt, English physicist and academic
  • 1958 – Dieter Althaus, German politician
  • 1958 – Rosa Mota, Portuguese runner
  • 1961 – Sharon Lawrence, American actress, singer, and dancer
  • 1962 – Amanda Donohoe, English actress
  • 1962 – Joan Laporta, Spanish lawyer and politician
  • 1962 – George D. Zamka, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
  • 1963 – Anne-Sophie Mutter, German violinist
  • 1964 – Stedman Pearson, English singer-songwriter and dancer
  • 1965 – Tripp Eisen, American guitarist
  • 1965 – Paul Jarvis, English cricketer
  • 1966 – Yoko Kamio, Japanese author and comic artist
  • 1967 – Jeff Burton, American race car driver
  • 1967 – Melora Hardin, American actress and singer
  • 1967 – Seamus McGarvey, Northern Irish cinematographer
  • 1968 – Brian d’Arcy James, American actor and musician
  • 1968 – Theoren Fleury, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1968 – Judith Hoag, American actress and educator
  • 1969 – Claude Béchard, Canadian politician (d. 2010)
  • 1969 – Pavlos Dermitzakis, Greek footballer and manager
  • 1969 – Tōru Hashimoto, Japanese lawyer and politician
  • 1970 – Melanie Paschke, German sprinter
  • 1970 – Emily Skinner, American actress and singer
  • 1971 – Matthew Good, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1973 – George Hincapie, American cyclist
  • 1976 – Daniel Carlsson, Swedish race car driver
  • 1976 – Bret McKenzie, New Zealand comedian, actor, musician, songwriter, and producer
  • 1977 – Sotiris Liberopoulos, Greek footballer
  • 1977 – Zuleikha Robinson, English actress
  • 1978 – Nicole Scherzinger, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
  • 1979 – Matthew Bode, Australian footballer
  • 1979 – Andy O’Brien, English footballer
  • 1979 – Marleen Veldhuis, Dutch swimmer
  • 1980 – Katherine Jenkins, Welsh soprano and actress
  • 1981 – Luke Branighan, Australian rugby league player
  • 1981 – Joe Johnson, American basketball player
  • 1981 – Nicolás Vuyovich, Argentinian race car driver (d. 2005)
  • 1981 – Shmuly Yanklowitz, American rabbi, author, and educator
  • 1982 – Dusty Hughes, American baseball player
  • 1982 – Lily Rabe, American actress
  • 1983 – Aundrea Fimbres, American singer-songwriter and dancer
  • 1983 – Jeremy Powers, American cyclist
  • 1984 – Aleksandr Shustov, Russian high jumper
  • 1985 – Quintin Demps, American football player
  • 1986 – José Manuel Jurado, Spanish footballer
  • 1986 – Edward Maya, Romanian singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1988 – Éver Banega, Argentinian footballer
  • 1990 – Kim Little, Scottish footballer
  • 1990 – Yann M’Vila, French footballer
  • 1991 – Suk Hyun-jun, South Korean footballer
  • 1991 – Kawhi Leonard, American basketball player
  • 1991 – Addison Timlin, American actress
  • 1993 – Harrison Gilbertson, Australian actor
  • 1994 – Camila Mendes, American actress and model
  • 1996 – Joseph Manu, New Zealand rugby league player
  • 1998 – Michael Porter Jr., American basketball player
  • 2006 – Sam Lavagnino, American child voice actor

Deaths on June 29

  • 226 – Cao Pi, Chinese emperor (b. 187)
  • 884 – Yang Shili, general of the Tang Dynasty
  • 976 – Gero, archbishop of Cologne
  • 1059 – Bernard II, Duke of Saxony (b. 995)
  • 1149 – Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch (b. 1115)
  • 1153 – Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
  • 1252 – Abel, King of Denmark (b. 1218)
  • 1293 – Henry of Ghent, philosopher (b. c.1217)
  • 1315 – Ramon Llull, Spanish philosopher (b. 1235)
  • 1344 – Joan of Savoy, duchess consort of Brittany, throne claimant of Savoy (b. 1310)
  • 1374 – Jan Milíč of Kroměříž, Czech priest and reformer
  • 1432 – Janus of Cyprus (b. 1375)
  • 1509 – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby (b. 1443)
  • 1520 – Moctezuma II, Aztec ruler (b. 1466)
  • 1575 – Baba Nobuharu, Japanese samurai (b. 1515)
  • 1594 – Niels Kaas, Danish politician, Chancellor of Denmark (b. 1535)
  • 1626 – Scipione Cobelluzzi, Italian cardinal and archivist (b. 1564)
  • 1646 – Laughlin Ó Cellaigh, Gaelic-Irish Lord
  • 1725 – Arai Hakuseki, Japanese philosopher, academic, and politician (b. 1657)
  • 1729 – Edward Taylor, American-English poet, pastor, and physician (b. circa 1642)
  • 1744 – André Campra, French composer and conductor (b. 1660)
  • 1764 – Ralph Allen, English businessman and philanthropist (b. 1693)
  • 1779 – Anton Raphael Mengs, German painter (b. 1728)
  • 1831 – Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein, Prussian minister and politician (b. 1757)
  • 1840 – Lucien Bonaparte, French prince (b. 1775)
  • 1852 – Henry Clay, American lawyer and politician, 9th United States Secretary of State (b. 1777)
  • 1853 – Adrien-Henri de Jussieu, French botanist and academic (b. 1797)
  • 1855 – John Gorrie, American physician and humanitarian (b. 1803)
  • 1860 – Thomas Addison, English physician and endocrinologist (b. 1793)
  • 1861 – Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet and translator (b. 1806)
  • 1873 – Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Indian poet and playwright (b. 1824)
  • 1875 – Ferdinand I of Austria (b. 1793)
  • 1895 – Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist (b. 1825)
  • 1900 – Ivan Mikheevich Pervushin, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1827)
  • 1907 – Konstantinos Volanakis, Greek painter and academic (b. 1837)
  • 1919 – José Gregorio Hernández Venezuelan physician and educator (b. 1864)
  • 1931 – Nérée Beauchemin, Canadian poet and physician (b. 1850)
  • 1933 – Roscoe Arbuckle, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1887)
  • 1935 – Jack O’Neill, Irish-American baseball player and manager (b. 1873)
  • 1936 – János Szlepecz, Slovene priest and missionary (b. 1872)
  • 1940 – Paul Klee, Swiss painter and illustrator (b. 1879)
  • 1941 – Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Polish pianist, composer, and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1860)
  • 1942 – Paul Troje, German politician, Mayor of Marburg (b. 1864)
  • 1949 – Themistoklis Sofoulis, Greek politician, 115th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1860)
  • 1955 – Max Pechstein, German painter and academic (b. 1881)
  • 1960 – Frank Patrick, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1885)
  • 1962 – Charles Lyon Chandler, American historian (b. 1883)
  • 1964 – Eric Dolphy, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1928)
  • 1967 – Primo Carnera, Italian boxer and actor (b. 1906)
  • 1967 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (b. 1933)
  • 1969 – Moise Tshombe, Congolese accountant and politician, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (b. 1919)
  • 1971 – Nestor Mesta Chayres, Mexican operatic tenor and bolero vocalist (b. 1908)
  • 1975 – Tim Buckley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1947)
  • 1978 – Bob Crane, American actor (b. 1928)
  • 1979 – Lowell George, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1945)
  • 1980 – Jorge Basadre, Peruvian historian (b. 1903)
  • 1981 – Russell Drysdale, English-Australian painter (b. 1912)
  • 1982 – Pierre Balmain, French fashion designer, founded Balmain (b. 1914)
  • 1982 – Henry King, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1886)
  • 1986 – Frank Wise, Australian politician, 16th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1897)
  • 1990 – Irving Wallace, American author and screenwriter (b. 1916)
  • 1992 – Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian soldier and politician, President of Algeria (b. 1919)
  • 1993 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
  • 1994 – Kurt Eichhorn, German conductor and educator (b. 1908)
  • 1995 – Lana Turner, American actress (b. 1921)
  • 1997 – William Hickey, American actor (b. 1927)
  • 1998 – Horst Jankowski, German pianist and composer (b. 1936)
  • 1999 – Karekin I, Syrian-Armenian patriarch (b. 1950)
  • 1999 – Allan Carr, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1937)
  • 2000 – Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor and director (b. 1922)
  • 2002 – Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (b. 1928)
  • 2003 – Katharine Hepburn, American actress (b. 1907)
  • 2004 – Bernard Babior, American physician and biochemist (b. 1935)
  • 2004 – Alvin Hamilton, Canadian lieutenant and politician, 18th Canadian Minister of Agriculture (b. 1912)
  • 2006 – Fabián Bielinsky, Argentinian director and screenwriter (b. 1959)
  • 2006 – Randy Walker, American football player and coach (b. 1954)
  • 2007 – Fred Saberhagen, American soldier and author (b. 1930)
  • 2007 – Joel Siegel, American journalist and critic (b. 1943)
  • 2009 – Joe Bowman, American, target shooter and boot-maker (b. 1925)
  • 2011 – K. D. Sethna, Indian poet, scholar, writer, philosopher, and cultural critic (b. 1904)
  • 2012 – Yong Nyuk Lin, Singaporean politician, Singaporean Minister of Health (b. 1918)
  • 2012 – Vincent Ostrom, American political scientist and academic (b. 1919)
  • 2012 – Juan Reccius, Chilean triple jumper (b. 1911)
  • 2012 – Floyd Temple, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1926)
  • 2013 – Peter Fitzgerald, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1937)
  • 2013 – Jack Gotta, American-Canadian football player, coach, and manager (b. 1929)
  • 2013 – Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist and author (b. 1922)
  • 2013 – Gilma Jiménez, Colombian politician (b. 1956)
  • 2014 – Damian D’Oliveira, South African cricketer (b. 1960)
  • 2014 – Dermot Healy, Irish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1947)
  • 2015 – Hisham Barakat, Egyptian lawyer and judge (b. 1950)
  • 2015 – Josef Masopust, Czech footballer and coach (b. 1931)
  • 2015 – Charles Pasqua, French businessman and politician, French Minister of the Interior (b. 1927)
  • 2016 – Jan Hettema, Springbok cyclist and five times South African National Rally Champion (b. 1933)
  • 2017 – Louis Nicollin, French entrepreneur and chairman of Montpellier HSC from 1974 to his death (b. 1943)
  • 2017 – Dave Semenko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1957)
  • 2018 – Steve Ditko, American comic writer and illustrator (b. 1927)
  • 2020 – Carl Reiner, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)

Holidays and observances on June 29

  • Christian feast day:
    • Cassius of Narni
    • Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Western Christianity), and its related observances:
      • Haro Wine Festival (Haro, La Rioja)
      • l-Imnarja (Malta)
    • June 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Engineer’s Day (Ecuador)
  • Independence Day (Seychelles), celebrates the independence of Seychelles from the United Kingdom in 1976.
  • Veterans’ Day (Netherlands)

June 23 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

by
  • 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.
  • 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.
  • 1280 – The Spanish Reconquista: In the Battle of Moclín the Emirate of Granada ambush a superior pursuing force, killing most of them in a military disaster for the Kingdom of Castile.
  • 1305 – A peace treaty between the Flemish and the French is signed at Athis-sur-Orge.
  • 1314 – First War of Scottish Independence: The Battle of Bannockburn (south of Stirling) begins.
  • 1532 – Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France sign the “Treaty of Closer Amity With France” (also known as the Pommeraye treaty), pledging mutual aid against Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
  • 1565 – Dragut, commander of the Ottoman navy, dies during the Great Siege of Malta.
  • 1594 – The Action of Faial, Azores. The Portuguese carrack Cinco Chagas, loaded with slaves and treasure, is attacked and sunk by English ships with only 13 survivors out of over 700 on board.
  • 1611 – The mutinous crew of Henry Hudson’s fourth voyage sets Henry, his son and seven loyal crew members adrift in an open boat in what is now Hudson Bay; they are never heard from again.
  • 1683 – William Penn signs a friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Indians in Pennsylvania.
  • 1713 – The French residents of Acadia are given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia, Canada.
  • 1757 – Battle of Plassey: Three thousand British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000-strong Indian army under Siraj ud-Daulah at Plassey.
  • 1758 – Seven Years’ War: Battle of Krefeld: British, Hanoverian, and Prussian forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.
  • 1760 – Seven Years’ War: Battle of Landeshut: Austria defeats Prussia.
  • 1780 – American Revolution: Battle of Springfield fought in and around Springfield, New Jersey (including Short Hills, formerly of Springfield, now of Millburn Township).
  • 1794 – Empress Catherine II of Russia grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev.
  • 1810 – John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
  • 1812 – War of 1812: Great Britain revokes the restrictions on American commerce, thus eliminating one of the chief reasons for going to war.
  • 1860 – The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
  • 1865 – American Civil War: At Fort Towson in the Oklahoma Territory, Confederate Brigadier General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant Confederate army.
  • 1868 – Christopher Latham Sholes received a patent for an invention he called the “Type-Writer”.
  • 1887 – The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada creating the nation’s first national park, Banff National Park.
  • 1894 – The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne in Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
  • 1913 – Second Balkan War: The Greeks defeat the Bulgarians in the Battle of Doiran.
  • 1914 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta.
  • 1917 – In a game against the Washington Senators, Boston Red Sox pitcher Ernie Shore retires 26 batters in a row after replacing Babe Ruth, who had been ejected for punching the umpire.
  • 1919 – Estonian War of Independence: The decisive defeat of the Baltische Landeswehr in the Battle of Cēsis; this date is celebrated as Victory Day in Estonia.
  • 1926 – The College Board administers the first SAT exam.
  • 1931 – Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to circumnavigate the world in a single-engine plane.
  • 1938 – The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
  • 1940 – Adolf Hitler goes on a three-hour tour of the architecture of Paris with architect Albert Speer and sculptor Arno Breker in his only visit to the city.
  • 1940 – Henry Larsen begins the first successful west-to-east navigation of Northwest Passage from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • 1941 – The Lithuanian Activist Front declares independence from the Soviet Union and forms the Provisional Government of Lithuania; it lasts only briefly as the Nazis will occupy Lithuania a few weeks later.
  • 1942 – World War II: Germany’s latest fighter aircraft, a Focke-Wulf Fw 190, is captured intact when it mistakenly lands at RAF Pembrey in Wales.
  • 1946 – The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake strikes Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.
  • 1947 – The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman’s veto of the Taft–Hartley Act.
  • 1951 – The ocean liner SS United States is christened and launched.
  • 1956 – The French National Assembly takes the first step in creating the French Community by passing the Loi Cadre, transferring a number of powers from Paris to elected territorial governments in French West Africa.
  • 1959 – Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany where he resumes a scientific career.
  • 1960 – The United States Food and Drug Administration declares Enovid to be the first officially approved combined oral contraceptive pill in the world.
  • 1961 – The Antarctic Treaty System, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and limits military activity on the continent, its islands and ice shelves, comes into force.
  • 1967 – Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.
  • 1969 – Warren E. Burger is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring Chief Justice Earl Warren.
  • 1969 – IBM announces that effective January 1970 it will price its software and services separately from hardware thus creating the modern software industry.
  • 1972 – Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
  • 1972 – Title IX of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 is amended to prohibit sexual discrimination to any educational program receiving federal funds.
  • 1973 – A fire at a house in Hull, England, which kills a six-year-old boy is passed off as an accident; it later emerges as the first of 26 deaths by fire caused over the next seven years by serial arsonist Peter Dinsdale.
  • 1985 – A terrorist bomb explodes at Narita International Airport near Tokyo. An hour later, the same group detonates a second bomb aboard Air India Flight 182, bringing the Boeing 747 down off the coast of Ireland killing all 329 aboard.
  • 1994 – NASA’s Space Station Processing Facility, a new state-of-the-art manufacturing building for the International Space Station, officially opens at Kennedy Space Center.
  • 2001 – The 8.4 Mw  southern Peru earthquake shakes coastal Peru with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). A destructive tsunami followed, leaving at least 74 people dead, and 2,687 injured.
  • 2012 – Ashton Eaton breaks the decathlon world record at the United States Olympic Trials.
  • 2013 – Nik Wallenda becomes the first man to successfully walk across the Grand Canyon on a tight rope.
  • 2013 – Militants stormed a high-altitude mountaineering base camp near Nanga Parbat in Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan killing ten climbers, and a local guide.
  • 2014 – The last of Syria’s declared chemical weapons are shipped out for destruction.
  • 2016 – The United Kingdom votes in a referendum to leave the European Union, by 52% to 48%.
  • 2017 – A series of terrorist attacks took place in Pakistan resulting in 96 deaths and wounded 200 others.

Births on June 23

  • 47 BC – Caesarion, Egyptian king (d. 30 BC)
  • 1385 – Stefan, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken (d. 1459)
  • 1433 – Francis II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1488)
  • 1456 – Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland (d. 1486)
  • 1489 – Charles II, Duke of Savoy, Italian nobleman (d. 1496)
  • 1534 – Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (d. 1582)
  • 1596 – Johan Banér, Swedish field marshal (d. 1641)
  • 1616 – Shah Shuja, Mughal prince (d. 1661)
  • 1625 – John Fell, English churchman and influential academic (d. 1686)
  • 1668 – Giambattista Vico, Italian jurist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1744)
  • 1683 – Étienne Fourmont, French orientalist and sinologist (d. 1745)
  • 1711 – Giovanni Battista Guadagnini, Italian instrument maker (d. 1786)
  • 1716 – Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales (d. 1789)
  • 1750 – Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu, French geologist and academic (d. 1801)
  • 1763 – Joséphine de Beauharnais, French wife of Napoleon I (d. 1814)
  • 1799 – John Milton Bernhisel, American physician and politician (d. 1881)
  • 1800 – Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and activist (d. 1846)
  • 1824 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1910)
  • 1843 – Paul Heinrich von Groth, German scientist (d. 1927)
  • 1860 – Albert Giraud, Belgian poet and librarian (d. 1929)
  • 1863 – Sándor Bródy, Hungarian author and journalist (d. 1924)
  • 1877 – Norman Pritchard, Indian-English hurdler and actor (d. 1929)
  • 1879 – Huda Sha’arawi, Egyptian feminist and journalist (d. 1947)
  • 1884 – Cyclone Taylor, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (d. 1979)
  • 1888 – Bronson M. Cutting, American publisher and politician (d. 1935)
  • 1889 – Anna Akhmatova, Ukrainian-Russian poet and author (d. 1966)
  • 1889 – Verena Holmes, English engineer (d. 1964)
  • 1894 – Harold Barrowclough, New Zealand military leader, lawyer and Chief Justice (d. 1972)
  • 1894 – Alfred Kinsey, American entomologist and sexologist (d. 1956)
  • 1894 – Edward VIII, King of the United Kingdom (d. 1972)
  • 1899 – Amédée Gordini, Italian-born French race car driver and sports car manufacturer (d. 1979)
  • 1900 – Blanche Noyes, American aviator, winner of the 1936 Bendix Trophy Race (d. 1981)
  • 1901 – Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Turkish author, poet, and scholar (d. 1962)
  • 1903 – Paul Martin Sr., Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1992)
  • 1904 – Quintin McMillan, South African cricketer (d. 1938)
  • 1905 – Jack Pickersgill, Canadian civil servant and politician, 35th Secretary of State for Canada (d. 1997)
  • 1906 – Tribhuvan of Nepal (d. 1955)
  • 1907 – Dercy Gonçalves, Brazilian actress and singer (d. 2008)
  • 1907 – James Meade, English economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
  • 1909 – David Lewis, Russian-Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1981)
  • 1909 – Georges Rouquier, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1989)
  • 1910 – Jean Anouilh, French playwright and screenwriter (d. 1987)
  • 1910 – Gordon B. Hinckley, American religious leader, 15th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 2008)
  • 1910 – Milt Hinton, American bassist and photographer (d. 2000)
  • 1910 – Bill King, English commander and author (d. 2012)
  • 1910 – Lawson Little, American golfer (d. 1968)
  • 1912 – Alan Turing, English mathematician and computer scientist (d. 1954)
  • 1913 – William P. Rogers, American commander, lawyer, and politician, 55th United States Secretary of State (d. 2001)
  • 1915 – Frances Gabe, American artist and inventor (d. 2016)
  • 1916 – Len Hutton, English cricketer and soldier (d. 1990)
  • 1916 – Irene Worth, American actress (d. 2002)
  • 1916 – Al G. Wright, American bandleader and conductor
  • 1919 – Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian politician, President of Algeria (d. 1992)
  • 1920 – Saleh Ajeery, Kuwaiti astronomer
  • 1921 – Paul Findley, American politician (d. 2019)
  • 1922 – Morris R. Jeppson, American lieutenant and physicist (d. 2010)
  • 1922 – Hal Laycoe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1998)
  • 1923 – Peter Corr, Irish-English footballer and manager (d. 2001)
  • 1923 – Elroy Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2013)
  • 1923 – Doris Johnson, American politician
  • 1923 – Jerry Rullo, American professional basketball player (d. 2016)
  • 1923 – Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian communist and Partisan (d. 1945)
  • 1924 – Frank Bolle, American comic-strip artist, comic-book artist, and illustrator (d. 2020)
  • 1925 – Miriam Karlin, English actress (d. 2011)
  • 1925 – Art Modell, American businessman (d. 2012)
  • 1925 – Anna Chennault, Chinese widow of Lieutenant General Claire Lee Chennault (d. 2018)
  • 1926 – Lawson Soulsby, Baron Soulsby of Swaffham Prior, English microbiologist and parasitologist (d. 2017)
  • 1926 – Magda Herzberger, Romanian author, poet and composer, a survivor of the Holocaust
  • 1926 – Annette Mbaye d’Erneville, Senegalese writer
  • 1926 – Arnaldo Pomodoro, Italian sculptor
  • 1927 – Bob Fosse, American actor, dancer, choreographer, and director (d. 1987)
  • 1927 – John Habgood, Baron Habgood, English archbishop (d. 2019)
  • 1928 – Jean Cione, American baseball player (d. 2010)
  • 1928 – Klaus von Dohnányi, German politician
  • 1928 – Michael Shaara, American author and academic (d. 1988)
  • 1929 – June Carter Cash, American singer-songwriter, musician, and actress (d. 2003)
  • 1929 – Mario Ghella, Italian racing cyclist
  • 1930 – Donn F. Eisele, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1987)
  • 1930 – John Elliott, English historian and academic
  • 1930 – Francis Newall, 2nd Baron Newall, English businessman and politician
  • 1930 – Anthony Thwaite, English poet, critic, and academic
  • 1930 – Marie-Thérèse Houphouët-Boigny, former First Lady of Ivory Coast
  • 1931 – Gunnar Uusi, Estonian chess player (d. 1981)
  • 1931 – Ola Ullsten, Swedish politician and diplomat (d. 2018)
  • 1932 – Peter Millett, Baron Millett, English lawyer and judge
  • 1934 – Keith Sutton, English bishop (d. 2017)
  • 1934 – Bill Torrey, Canadian businessman (d. 2018)
  • 1934 – Virbhadra Singh, Indian politician
  • 1935 – Maurice Ferré, Puerto Rican-American politician, 32nd Mayor of Miami
  • 1935 – Keith Burkinshaw, English footballer and manager
  • 1936 – Richard Bach, American novelist and essayist
  • 1936 – Costas Simitis, Greek economist, lawyer, and politician, 180th Prime Minister of Greece
  • 1937 – Martti Ahtisaari, Finnish captain and politician, 10th President of Finland, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1937 – Alan Haselhurst, English academic and politician
  • 1937 – Niki Sullivan, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2004)
  • 1939 – Scott Burton, American sculptor (d. 1989)
  • 1940 – Adam Faith, English singer (d. 2003)
  • 1940 – George Feigley, American sex cult leader and two-time prison escapee (d. 2009)
  • 1940 – Derry Irvine, Baron Irvine of Lairg, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
  • 1940 – Wilma Rudolph, American runner (d. 1994)
  • 1940 – Mike Shrimpton, New Zealand cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
  • 1940 – Stuart Sutcliffe, Scottish painter and musician (d. 1962)
  • 1940 – Diana Trask, Australian singer-songwriter
  • 1941 – Robert Hunter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
  • 1941 – Roger McDonald, Australian author and screenwriter
  • 1941 – Keith Newton, English footballer (d. 1998)
  • 1942 – Martin Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow, English cosmologist and astrophysicist
  • 1943 – Patrick Bokanowski, French filmmaker
  • 1943 – Ellyn Kaschak, American psychologist and academic
  • 1943 – James Levine, American pianist and conductor
  • 1945 – Kjell Albin Abrahamson, Swedish journalist and author
  • 1945 – John Garang, Sudanese colonel and politician, President of Southern Sudan (d. 2005)
  • 1946 – Julian Hipwood, English polo player and coach
  • 1946 – Ted Shackelford, American actor
  • 1947 – Bryan Brown, Australian actor and producer
  • 1948 – Clarence Thomas, American lawyer and judge, United States Supreme Court Justice
  • 1949 – Gordon Bray, Australian journalist and sportscaster
  • 1949 – Sheila Noakes, Baroness Noakes, English accountant and politician
  • 1951 – Angelo Falcón, Puerto Rican-American political scientist, activist, and academic, founded the National Institute for Latino Policy
  • 1951 – Michèle Mouton, French race car driver and manager
  • 1951 – Raj Babbar, Indian actor and politician
  • 1953 – Armen Sarkissian, Armenian physicist, politician and current President of Armenia
  • 1955 – Pierre Corbeil, Canadian dentist and politician
  • 1955 – Glenn Danzig, American singer-songwriter and producer
  • 1955 – Jean Tigana, French footballer and manager
  • 1956 – Daniel J. Drucker, Canadian academic and educator
  • 1956 – Tony Hill, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1956 – Randy Jackson, American bass player and producer
  • 1957 – Dave Houghton, Zimbabwean cricketer and coach
  • 1957 – Frances McDormand, American actress, winner of the Triple Crown of Acting
  • 1958 – John Hayes, English politician, Minister of State at the Department of Energy and Climate Change
  • 1960 – Donald Harrison, American saxophonist, composer, and producer
  • 1960 – Tatsuya Uemura, Japanese composer and programmer
  • 1961 – Richard Arnold, English lawyer and judge
  • 1961 – Zoran Janjetov, Serbian singer and illustrator
  • 1961 – LaSalle Thompson, American basketball player, coach, and manager
  • 1962 – Chuck Billy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1963 – Colin Montgomerie, Scottish golfer
  • 1964 – Nicolas Marceau, Canadian economist and politician
  • 1964 – Tara Morice, Australian actress and singer
  • 1964 – Joss Whedon, American director, producer, and screenwriter
  • 1964 – Lou Yun, Chinese gymnast
  • 1965 – Paul Arthurs, English guitarist
  • 1965 – Sylvia Mathews Burwell, American government and non-profit executive
  • 1965 – Peter O’Malley, Australian golfer
  • 1966 – Chico DeBarge, American singer and pianist
  • 1969 – Martin Klebba, American actor, producer, and stuntman
  • 1970 – Robert Brooks, American football player
  • 1970 – Martin Deschamps, Canadian singer-songwriter
  • 1970 – Yann Tiersen, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1971 – Fred Ewanuick, Canadian actor and producer
  • 1971 – Félix Potvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
  • 1972 – Selma Blair, American actress
  • 1972 – Louis Van Amstel, Dutch dancer and choreographer
  • 1972 – Zinedine Zidane, French footballer and manager
  • 1974 – Joel Edgerton, Australian actor
  • 1974 – Mark Hendrickson, American basketball and baseball player
  • 1975 – Kevin Dyson, American football player and coach
  • 1975 – David Howell, English golfer
  • 1975 – Mike James, American basketball player
  • 1975 – KT Tunstall, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician
  • 1976 – Wade Barrett, American soccer player and manager
  • 1976 – Joe Becker, American guitarist and composer
  • 1976 – Savvas Poursaitidis, Greek-Cypriot footballer and scout
  • 1976 – Brandon Stokley, American football player
  • 1976 – Paola Suárez, Argentinian tennis player
  • 1976 – Emmanuelle Vaugier, Canadian actress and singer
  • 1976 – Patrick Vieira, French footballer and manager
  • 1977 – Miguel Ángel Angulo, Spanish footballer
  • 1977 – Hayden Foxe, Australian footballer and manager
  • 1977 – Jaan Jüris, Estonian ski jumper
  • 1977 – Jason Mraz, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1977 – Shaun O’Hara, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1978 – Memphis Bleek, American rapper, producer, and actor
  • 1978 – Frederic Leclercq, French heavy metal musician
  • 1978 – Matt Light, American football player and sportscaster
  • 1979 – LaDainian Tomlinson, American football player
  • 1980 – Becky Cloonan, American author and illustrator
  • 1980 – Melissa Rauch, American actress
  • 1980 – Ramnaresh Sarwan, Guyanese cricketer
  • 1980 – Francesca Schiavone, Italian tennis player
  • 1981 – Antony Costa, English singer-songwriter
  • 1981 – Rolf Wacha, German rugby player
  • 1982 – Derek Boogaard, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2011)
  • 1983 – Brooks Laich, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1983 – José Manuel Rojas, Chilean footballer
  • 1984 – Duffy, Welsh singer-songwriter and actress
  • 1984 – Takeshi Matsuda, Japanese swimmer
  • 1984 – Levern Spencer, Saint Lucian high jumper
  • 1985 – Marcel Reece, American football player
  • 1986 – Christy Altomare, American actress and singer songwriter
  • 1987 – Alessia Filippi, Italian swimmer
  • 1988 – Chet Faker, Australian singer-songwriter
  • 1988 – Chellsie Memmel, American gymnast
  • 1989 – Lisa Carrington, New Zealand flatwater canoeist
  • 1989 – Jordan Nolan, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1990 – Clevid Dikamona, French footballer
  • 1990 – Vasek Pospisil, Canadian tennis player
  • 1990 – Laura Ràfols, Spanish footballer
  • 1991 – Katie Armiger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1992 – Luiza Galiulina, Uzbekistani gymnast
  • 1992 – Nampalys Mendy, French footballer
  • 1993 – Tim Anderson, American baseball player
  • 1993 – Marvin Grumann, German footballer
  • 2004 – Alexandra Trusova, Russian figure skater

Deaths on June 23

  • AD 79 – Vespasian, Roman emperor (b. AD 9)
  • 679 – Æthelthryth, English saint (b. 636)
  • 947 – Li Congyi, prince of Later Tang (b. 931)
  • 947 – Wang, imperial consort of Later Tang
  • 960 – Feng Yanji, chancellor of Southern Tang (b. 903)
  • 994 – Lothair Udo I, count of Stade (b. 950)
  • 1018 – Henry I, margrave of Austria
  • 1137 – Adalbert of Mainz, German archbishop
  • 1222 – Constance of Aragon, Hungarian queen (b. 1179)
  • 1290 – Henryk IV Probus, duke of Wrocław and high duke of Kraków (b. c. 1258)
  • 1314 – Henry de Bohun, English knight
  • 1324 – Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (b. 1270)
  • 1343 – Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi, Italian cardinal (b. c. 1270)
  • 1356 – Margaret II, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1311)
  • 1537 – Pedro de Mendoza, Spanish conquistador (b. 1487)
  • 1565 – Dragut, Ottoman admiral (b. 1485)
  • 1582 – Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese commander (b. 1537)
  • 1615 – Mashita Nagamori, Japanese daimyō (b. 1545)
  • 1677 – William Louis, duke of Württemberg (b. 1647)
  • 1686 – William Coventry, English politician (b. 1628)
  • 1707 – John Mill, English theologian and author (b. 1645)
  • 1733 – Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss paleontologist and scholar (b. 1672)
  • 1770 – Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (b. 1721)
  • 1775 – Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz, German adventurer and author (b. 1692)
  • 1779 – Mikael Sehul, Ethiopian warlord (b. 1691)
  • 1806 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French zoologist and philosopher (b. 1723)
  • 1811 – Nicolau Tolentino de Almeida, Portuguese poet and author (b. 1740)
  • 1832 – Sir James Hall, 4th Baronet, Scottish geologist and geophysicist (b. 1761)
  • 1836 – James Mill, Scottish economist, historian, and philosopher (b. 1773)
  • 1848 – Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este, Electress of Bavaria (b. 1776)
  • 1856 – Ivan Kireyevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (b. 1806)
  • 1881 – Matthias Jakob Schleiden, German botanist and academic (b. 1804)
  • 1891 – Wilhelm Eduard Weber, German physicist and academic (b. 1804)
  • 1891 – Samuel Newitt Wood, American lawyer and politician (b. 1825)
  • 1893 – William Fox, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1812)
  • 1893 – Theophilus Shepstone, English-South African politician (b. 1817)
  • 1914 – Bhaktivinoda Thakur, Indian guru and philosopher (b. 1838)
  • 1945 – Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian journalist and activist (b. 1923)
  • 1953 – Albert Gleizes, French painter (b. 1881)
  • 1954 – Salih Omurtak, Turkish general (b. 1889)
  • 1956 – Reinhold Glière, Russian composer and educator (b. 1875)
  • 1959 – Boris Vian, French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1920)
  • 1959 – Hidir Lutfi, Iraqi poet. (b. 1880)
  • 1969 – Volmari Iso-Hollo, Finnish runner (b. 1907)
  • 1970 – Roscoe Turner, American soldier and pilot (b. 1895)
  • 1973 – Gerry Birrell, Scottish race car driver (b. 1944)
  • 1980 – Sanjay Gandhi, Indian engineer and politician (b. 1946)
  • 1980 – Clyfford Still, American painter and academic (b. 1904)
  • 1989 – Werner Best, German police officer and jurist (b. 1903)
  • 1990 – Harindranath Chattopadhyay, Indian poet, actor, and politician (b. 1898)
  • 1992 – Eric Andolsek, American football player (b. 1966)
  • 1995 – Roger Grimsby, American journalist (b. 1928)
  • 1995 – Jonas Salk, American biologist and physician (b. 1914)
  • 1995 – Anatoli Tarasov, Russian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
  • 1996 – Andreas Papandreou, Greek economist and politician, 174th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
  • 1996 – Ray Lindwall, Australian cricketer and rugby player (b. 1921)
  • 1997 – Betty Shabazz, American educator and activist (b. 1936)
  • 1998 – Maureen O’Sullivan, Irish-American actress (b. 1911)
  • 2000 – Peter Dubovský, Slovak footballer (b. 1972)
  • 2002 – Pedro Alcázar, Panamanian boxer (b. 1975)
  • 2005 – Shana Alexander, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
  • 2005 – Manolis Anagnostakis, Greek poet and critic (b. 1925)
  • 2006 – Aaron Spelling, American actor, producer, and screenwriter, founded Spelling Television (b. 1923)
  • 2007 – Rod Beck, American baseball player (b. 1968)
  • 2008 – Claudio Capone, Italian-Scottish actor (b. 1952)
  • 2008 – Arthur Chung, Guyanese surveyor and politician, 1st President of Guyana (b. 1918)
  • 2008 – Marian Glinka, Polish actor and bodybuilder (b. 1943)
  • 2009 – Raymond Berthiaume, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1931)
  • 2009 – Ed McMahon, American game show host and announcer (b. 1923)
  • 2009 – Jerri Nielsen, American physician and explorer (b. 1952)
  • 2010 – John Burton, Australian public servant and diplomat (b. 1915)
  • 2011 – Peter Falk, American actor (b. 1927)
  • 2011 – Dennis Marshall, Costa Rican footballer (b. 1985)
  • 2011 – Fred Steiner, American composer and conductor (b. 1923)
  • 2012 – James Durbin, English economist and statistician (b. 1923)
  • 2012 – Brigitte Engerer, French pianist and educator (b. 1952)
  • 2012 – Alan McDonald, Northern Ireland footballer and manager (b. 1963)
  • 2012 – Frank Chee Willeto, American soldier and politician, 4th Vice President of the Navajo Nation (b. 1925)
  • 2012 – Walter J. Zable, American football player and businessman, founded the Cubic Corporation (b. 1915)
  • 2013 – Bobby Bland, American singer-songwriter (b. 1930)
  • 2013 – Gary David Goldberg, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1944)
  • 2013 – Frank Kelso, American admiral and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (b. 1933)
  • 2013 – Kurt Leichtweiss, German mathematician and academic (b. 1927)
  • 2013 – Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
  • 2013 – Darryl Read, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor (b. 1951)
  • 2013 – Sharon Stouder, American swimmer (b. 1948)
  • 2014 – Nancy Garden, American author (b. 1938)
  • 2014 – Euros Lewis, Welsh cricketer (b. 1942)
  • 2014 – Paula Kent Meehan, American businesswoman, co-founded Redken (b. 1931)
  • 2015 – Miguel Facussé Barjum, Honduran businessman (b. 1924)
  • 2015 – Nirmala Joshi, Indian nun, lawyer, and social worker (b. 1934)
  • 2015 – Dick Van Patten, American actor (b. 1928)
  • 2016 – Ralph Stanley, American singer and banjo player (b. 1927)

Holidays and observances on June 23

  • Christian feast day:
    • Æthelthryth
    • Marie of Oignies
    • Joseph Cafasso
    • June 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Earliest day on which Feast of Raḥmat can fall, while June 24 is the latest. (Bahá’í Faith)
  • Father’s Day (Nicaragua, Poland)
  • Grand Duke’s Official Birthday (Luxembourg)
  • International Widows Day (international)
  • National Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism (Canada)
  • Okinawa Memorial Day (Okinawa Prefecture)
  • St John’s Eve and the first day of the Midsummer celebrations [although this is not the real summer solstice; see June 20] (Roman Catholic Church, Europe):
    • Bonfires of Saint John (Spain)
    • First night of Festa de São João do Porto (Porto)
    • First day of Golowan Festival (Cornwall)
    • Jaaniõhtu (Estonia)
    • Jāņi (Latvia)
    • Kupala Night (Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Ukraine)
    • Last day of Drăgaica fair (Buzău, Romania)
  • United Nations Public Service Day (International)
  • Victory Day (Estonia)