1738

  • August 1 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
    • AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under the leadership of Gaius Julius Civilis.
    • 527 – Justinian I becomes the sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
    • 607 – Ono no Imoko is dispatched as envoy to the Sui court in China (Traditional Japanese date: July 3, 607).
    • 902 – Taormina, the last Byzantine stronghold in Sicily, is captured by the Aghlabids army, concluding the Muslim conquest of Sicily.
    • 1203 – Isaac II Angelos, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexios IV Angelos co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Fourth Crusade.
    • 1291 – The Old Swiss Confederacy is formed with the signature of the Federal Charter.
    • 1469 – Louis XI of France founds the chivalric order called the Order of Saint Michael in Amboise.
    • 1498 – Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to visit what is now Venezuela.
    • 1571 – The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus is concluded, by the surrender of Famagusta.
    • 1620 – Speedwell leaves Delfshaven to bring pilgrims to America by way of England.
    • 1664 – Ottoman forces are defeated in the battle of Saint Gotthard by an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, resulting in the Peace of Vasvár.
    • 1714 – George, Elector of Hanover, becomes King George I of Great Britain, marking the beginning of the Georgian era of British history.
    • 1759 – Seven Years’ War: The Battle of Minden, an allied Anglo-German army victory over the French. In Britain this was one of a number of events that constituted the Annus Mirabilis of 1759 and is celebrated as Minden Day by certain British Army regiments.
    • 1774 – British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen gas, corroborating the prior discovery of this element by German-Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
    • 1798 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay): Battle begins when a British fleet engages the French Revolutionary Navy fleet in an unusual night action.
    • 1800 – The Acts of Union 1800 are passed which merge the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
    • 1801 – First Barbary War: The American schooner USS Enterprise captures the Tripolitan polacca Tripoli in a single-ship action off the coast of modern-day Libya.
    • 1834 – Slavery is abolished in the British Empire as the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 comes into force, although it remains legal in the possessions of the East India Company until the passage of the Indian Slavery Act, 1843.
    • 1842 – The Lombard Street riot erupts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
    • 1849 – Joven Daniel wrecks at the coast of Araucanía, Chile, leading to allegations that local Mapuche tribes murdered survivors and kidnapped Elisa Bravo.
    • 1855 – The first ascent of Monte Rosa, the second highest summit in the Alps.
    • 1876 – Colorado is admitted as the 38th U.S. state.
    • 1893 – Henry Perky patents shredded wheat.
    • 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War erupts between Japan and China over Korea.
    • 1907 – The start of the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island, the origin of the worldwide Scouting movement.
    • 1911 – Harriet Quimby takes her pilot’s test and becomes the first U.S. woman to earn an Aero Club of America aviator’s certificate.
    • 1914 – The German Empire declares war on the Russian Empire at the opening of World War I. The Swiss Army mobilizes because of World War I.
    • 1927 – The Nanchang Uprising marks the first significant battle in the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party. This day is commemorated as the anniversary of the founding of the People’s Liberation Army.
    • 1933 – Anti-Fascist activists Bruno Tesch, Walter Möller, Karl Wolff, and August Lütgens are executed by the Nazi regime in Altona.
    • 1936 – The Olympics opened in Berlin with a ceremony presided over by Adolf Hitler.
    • 1937 – Josip Broz Tito reads the resolution “Manifesto of constitutional congress of KPH” to the constitutive congress of KPH (Croatian Communist Party) in woods near Samobor.
    • 1943 – World War II: Operation Tidal Wave also known as “Black Sunday”, was a failed American attempt to destroy Romanian oil fields.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Warsaw Uprising against the Nazi German occupation breaks out in Warsaw, Poland.
    • 1946 – Leaders of the Russian Liberation Army, a force of Russian prisoners of war that collaborated with Nazi Germany, are executed in Moscow, Soviet Union for treason.
    • 1950 – Guam is organized as a United States commonwealth as President Harry S. Truman signs the Guam Organic Act.
    • 1957 – The United States and Canada form the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD).
    • 1960 – Dahomey (later renamed Benin) declares independence from France.
    • 1960 – Islamabad is declared the federal capital of the Government of Pakistan.
    • 1961 – U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara orders the creation of the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), the nation’s first centralized military espionage organization.
    • 1964 – The former Belgian Congo is renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
    • 1965 – Frank Herbert’s novel, Dune was published for the first time. It was named as the world’s best-selling science fiction novel in 2003.
    • 1966 – Charles Whitman kills 16 people at the University of Texas at Austin before being killed by the police.
    • 1966 – Purges of intellectuals and imperialists becomes official China policy at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution.
    • 1968 – The coronation is held of Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th Sultan of Brunei.
    • 1971 – The Concert for Bangladesh, organized by former Beatle George Harrison, is held at Madison Square Garden in New York City.
    • 1974 – Cyprus dispute: The United Nations Security Council authorizes the UNFICYP to create the “Green Line”, dividing Cyprus into two zones.
    • 1980 – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir is elected President of Iceland and becomes the world’s first democratically elected female head of state.
    • 1980 – A train crash kills 18 people in County Cork, Ireland.
    • 1981 – MTV begins broadcasting in the United States and airs its first video, “Video Killed the Radio Star” by The Buggles.
    • 1984 – Commercial peat-cutters discover the preserved bog body of a man, called Lindow Man, at Lindow Moss, Cheshire, England.
    • 1988 – A British soldier was killed in the Inglis Barracks bombing in London, England.
    • 1993 – The Great Mississippi and Missouri Rivers Flood of 1993 comes to a peak.
    • 1998 – The establishment of Muslim Medics, one of the largest student-led societies in Imperial College London that provides both academic and wellbeing support to medical students of all backgrounds.
    • 2004 – A supermarket fire kills 396 people and injures 500 others in Asunción, Paraguay.
    • 2007 – The I-35W Mississippi River bridge spanning the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, collapses during the evening rush hour, killing 13 people and injuring 145.
    • 2008 – The Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway begins operation as the fastest commuter rail system in the world.
    • 2008 – Eleven mountaineers from international expeditions died on K2, the second-highest mountain on Earth in the worst single accident in the history of K2 mountaineering.
    • 2017 – A suicide attack on a mosque in Herat, Afghanistan kills 20 people.

    Births on August 1

    • 10 BC – Claudius, Roman emperor (d. 54)
    • 126 – Pertinax, Roman emperor (d. 193)
    • 845 – Sugawara no Michizane, Japanese scholar and politician (d. 903)
    • 992 – Hyeonjong, Korean king (d. 1031)
    • 1068 – Taizu, Chinese emperor (d. 1123)
    • 1313 – Kōgon, Japanese emperor (d. 1364)
    • 1377 – Go-Komatsu, Japanese emperor (d. 1433)
    • 1385 – John FitzAlan, 13th Earl of Arundel (d. 1421)
    • 1410 – Jan IV, count of Nassau-Dillenburg (d. 1475)
    • 1492 – Wolfgang, German prince (d. 1566)
    • 1520 – Sigismund II, Polish king (d. 1572)
    • 1545 – Andrew Melville, Scottish theologian and scholar (d. 1622)
    • 1555 – Edward Kelley, English spirit medium (d. 1597)
    • 1579 – Luis Vélez de Guevara, Spanish author and playwright (d. 1644)
    • 1626 – Sabbatai Zevi, Montenegrin rabbi and theorist (d. 1676)
    • 1630 – Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (d. 1673)
    • 1659 – Sebastiano Ricci, Italian painter (d. 1734)
    • 1713 – Charles I, German duke and prince (d. 1780)
    • 1714 – Richard Wilson, Welsh painter and academic (d. 1782)
    • 1738 – Jacques François Dugommier, French general (d. 1794)
    • 1744 – Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, French soldier, biologist, and academic (d. 1829)
    • 1770 – William Clark, American soldier, explorer, and politician, 4th Governor of Missouri Territory (d. 1838)
    • 1778 – Mary Jefferson Eppes, daughter of Thomas Jefferson who died in childbirth (d. 1804)
    • 1779 – Francis Scott Key, American lawyer, author, and poet (d. 1843)
    • 1779 – Lorenz Oken, German-Swiss botanist, biologist, and ornithologist (d. 1851)
    • 1809 – William B. Travis, American colonel and lawyer (d. 1836)
    • 1815 – Richard Henry Dana, Jr., American lawyer and politician (d. 1882)
    • 1818 – Maria Mitchell, American astronomer and academic (d. 1889)
    • 1819 – Herman Melville, American novelist, short story writer, and poet (d. 1891)
    • 1831 – Antonio Cotogni, Italian opera singer and educator (d. 1918)
    • 1843 – Robert Todd Lincoln, American lawyer and politician, 35th United States Secretary of War (d. 1926)
    • 1856 – George Coulthard, Australian footballer and cricketer (d. 1883)
    • 1858 – Gaston Doumergue, French lawyer and politician, 13th President of France (d. 1937)
    • 1858 – Hans Rott, Austrian organist and composer (d. 1884)
    • 1860 – Bazil Assan, Romanian engineer and explorer (d. 1918)
    • 1861 – Sammy Jones, Australian cricketer (d. 1951)
    • 1865 – Isobel Lilian Gloag, English painter (d. 1917)
    • 1871 – John Lester, American cricketer and soccer player (d. 1969)
    • 1877 – George Hackenschmidt, Estonian-English wrestler and strongman (d. 1968)
    • 1878 – Konstantinos Logothetopoulos, Greek physician and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1961)
    • 1881 – Otto Toeplitz, German mathematician and academic (d. 1940)
    • 1885 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
    • 1889 – Walter Gerlach, German physicist and academic (d. 1979)
    • 1891 – Karl Kobelt, Swiss lawyer and politician, 52nd President of the Swiss Confederation (d. 1968)
    • 1893 – Alexander of Greece (d. 1920)
    • 1894 – Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (d. 1927)
    • 1898 – Morris Stoloff, American composer and musical director (d. 1980)
    • 1899 – Raymond Mays, English race car driver and businessman (d. 1980)
    • 1900 – Otto Nothling, Australian cricketer and rugby player (d. 1965)
    • 1901 – Francisco Guilledo, Filipino boxer (d. 1925)
    • 1903 – Paul Horgan, American historian, author, and academic (d. 1995)
    • 1905 – Helen Sawyer Hogg, American-Canadian astronomer and academic (d. 1993)
    • 1907 – Eric Shipton, Sri Lankan-English mountaineer and explorer (d. 1977)
    • 1910 – James Henry Govier, English painter and illustrator (d. 1974)
    • 1910 – Walter Scharf, American pianist and composer (d. 2003)
    • 1910 – Gerda Taro, German war photographer (d. 1937)
    • 1911 – Jackie Ormes, American journalist and cartoonist (d. 1985)
    • 1912 – David Brand, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1979)
    • 1912 – Gego, German-Venezuelan sculptor and academic (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – Henry Jones, American actor (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Jack Delano, American photographer and composer (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Alan Moore, Australian painter and educator (d. 2015)
    • 1914 – J. Lee Thompson, English-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Fiorenzo Angelini, Italian cardinal (d. 2014)
    • 1916 – Anne Hébert, Canadian author and poet (d. 2000)
    • 1918 – T. J. Jemison, American minister and activist (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Stanley Middleton, English author (d. 2009)
    • 1920 – Raul Renter, Estonian economist and chess player (d. 1992)
    • 1921 – Jack Kramer, American tennis player, sailor, and sportscaster (d. 2009)
    • 1921 – Pat McDonald, Australian actress (d. 1990)
    • 1922 – Arthur Hill, Canadian-American actor (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Val Bettin, American actor
    • 1924 – Abdullah of Saudi Arabia (d. 2015)
    • 1924 – Frank Havens, American canoeist (d. 2018)
    • 1924 – Marcia Mae Jones, American actress and singer (d. 2007)
    • 1924 – Frank Worrell, Barbadian cricketer (d. 1967)
    • 1925 – Ernst Jandl, Austrian poet and author (d. 2000)
    • 1926 – George Hauptfuhrer, American basketball player and lawyer (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Hannah Hauxwell, English TV personality (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – María Teresa López Boegeholz, Chilean oceanographer (d. 2006)
    • 1927 – Anthony G. Bosco, American bishop (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Jack Shea, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Hafizullah Amin, Afghan educator and politician, Afghan Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1979)
    • 1929 – Ann Calvello, American roller derby racer (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Leila Abashidze, Georgian actress (d. 2018)
    • 1930 – Lionel Bart, English composer (d. 1999)
    • 1930 – Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist, anthropologist, and philosopher (d. 2002)
    • 1930 – Julie Bovasso, American actress and writer (d. 1991)
    • 1930 – Lawrence Eagleburger, American lieutenant and politician, 62nd United States Secretary of State (d. 2011)
    • 1930 – Károly Grósz, Hungarian politician, 51st Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1996)
    • 1930 – Geoffrey Holder, Trinidadian-American actor, singer, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Ramblin’ Jack Elliott, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1931 – Trevor Goddard, South African cricketer (d. 2016)
    • 1932 – Meir Kahane, American-Israeli rabbi and activist, founded the Jewish Defense League (d. 1990)
    • 1932 – Meena Kumari, Indian actress (d. 1972)
    • 1933 – Dom DeLuise, American actor, singer, director, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1933 – Masaichi Kaneda, Japanese baseball player and manager (d. 2019)
    • 1933 – Teri Shields, American actress, producer, and agent (d. 2012)
    • 1933 – Dušan Třeštík, Czech historian and author (d. 2007)
    • 1934 – John Beck, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2000)
    • 1934 – Derek Birdsall, English graphic designer
    • 1935 – Geoff Pullar, English cricketer (d. 2014)
    • 1936 – W. D. Hamilton, Egyptian born British biologist, psychologist, and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1936 – Yves Saint Laurent, Algerian-French fashion designer, co-founded Yves Saint Laurent (d. 2008)
    • 1936 – Laurie Taylor, English sociologist, radio host, and academic
    • 1937 – Al D’Amato, American lawyer and politician
    • 1939 – Bob Frankford, English-Canadian physician and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1939 – Terry Kiser, American actor
    • 1939 – Stephen Sykes, English bishop and theologian (d. 2014)
    • 1939 – Robert James Waller, American author and photographer (d. 2017)
    • 1940 – Mervyn Kitchen, English cricketer and umpire
    • 1940 – Henry Silverman, American businessman, founded Cendant
    • 1940 – Mahmoud Dowlatabadi, Iranian writer and actor
    • 1941 – Ron Brown, American captain and politician, 30th United States Secretary of Commerce (d. 1996)
    • 1941 – Étienne Roda-Gil, French songwriter and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1942 – Jerry Garcia, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
    • 1942 – Giancarlo Giannini, Italian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1944 – Dmitry Nikolayevich Filippov, Russian banker and politician (d. 1998)
    • 1945 – Douglas Osheroff, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1946 – Boz Burrell, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and guitarist (d. 2006)
    • 1946 – Rick Coonce, American drummer (d. 2011)
    • 1946 – Richard O. Covey, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1946 – Fiona Stanley, Australian epidemiologist and academic
    • 1947 – Lorna Goodison, Jamaican poet and author
    • 1947 – Chantal Montellier, French comics creator and artist
    • 1948 – Avi Arad, Israeli-American screenwriter and producer, founded Marvel Studios
    • 1948 – Cliff Branch, American football player
    • 1948 – David Gemmell, English journalist and author (d. 2006)
    • 1949 – Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Kyrgyzstani politician, 2nd President of Kyrgyzstan
    • 1949 – Jim Carroll, American poet, author, and musician (d. 2009)
    • 1949 – Ray Nettles, American football player (d. 2009)
    • 1950 – Roy Williams, American basketball player and coach
    • 1951 – Tim Bachman, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1951 – Tommy Bolin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1976)
    • 1951 – Pete Mackanin, American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1952 – Zoran Đinđić, Serbian philosopher and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Serbia (d. 2003)
    • 1953 – Robert Cray, American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1953 – Howard Kurtz, American journalist and author
    • 1954 – Trevor Berbick, Jamaican-Canadian boxer (d. 2006)
    • 1954 – James Gleick, American journalist and author
    • 1954 – Benno Möhlmann, German footballer and manager
    • 1957 – Taylor Negron, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1958 – Rob Buck, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1958 – Michael Penn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1958 – Kiki Vandeweghe, American basketball player and coach
    • 1959 – Joe Elliott, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1960 – Chuck D, American rapper and songwriter
    • 1960 – Suzi Gardner, American rock singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1962 – Jacob Matlala, South African boxer (d. 2013)
    • 1963 – Demián Bichir, Mexican-American actor and producer
    • 1963 – Coolio, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1963 – John Carroll Lynch, American actor
    • 1963 – Koichi Wakata, Japanese astronaut and engineer
    • 1963 – Dean Wareham, New Zealand singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1964 – Adam Duritz, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1964 – Fiona Hyslop, Scottish businesswoman and politician
    • 1964 – Augusta Read Thomas, American composer, conductor and educator
    • 1965 – Brandt Jobe, American golfer
    • 1965 – Sam Mendes, English director and producer
    • 1966 – James St. James, American club promoter and author
    • 1967 – Gregg Jefferies, American baseball player and coach
    • 1967 – José Padilha, Brazilian director, producer and screenwriter
    • 1968 – Stacey Augmon, American basketball player and coach
    • 1968 – Dan Donegan, American heavy metal guitarist and songwriter
    • 1968 – Shigetoshi Hasegawa, Japanese baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1969 – Andrei Borissov, Estonian footballer and manager
    • 1969 – Kevin Jarvis, American baseball player and scout
    • 1969 – Graham Thorpe, English cricketer and journalist
    • 1970 – Quentin Coryatt, American football player
    • 1970 – David James, English footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Eugenie van Leeuwen, Dutch cricketer
    • 1972 – Nicke Andersson, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1972 – Christer Basma, Norwegian footballer and coach
    • 1972 – Todd Bouman, American football player and coach
    • 1972 – Thomas Woods, American historian, economist, and academic
    • 1973 – Gregg Berhalter, American soccer player and coach
    • 1973 – Veerle Dejaeghere, Belgian runner
    • 1973 – Edurne Pasaban, Spanish mountaineer
    • 1974 – Cher Calvin, American journalist
    • 1974 – Marek Galiński, Polish cyclist (d. 2014)
    • 1974 – Tyron Henderson, South African cricketer
    • 1974 – Dennis Lawrence, Trinidadian footballer and coach
    • 1974 – Beckie Scott, Canadian skier
    • 1975 – Vhrsti, Czech author and illustrator
    • 1976 – Don Hertzfeldt, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and voice actor
    • 1976 – Søren Jochumsen, Danish footballer
    • 1976 – Nwankwo Kanu, Nigerian footballer
    • 1976 – David Nemirovsky, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Hasan Şaş, Turkish footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Cristian Stoica, Romanian-Italian rugby player
    • 1977 – Marc Denis, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Haspop, French-Moroccan dancer, choreographer, and actor
    • 1977 – Darnerien McCants, American-Canadian football player
    • 1977 – Damien Saez, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1977 – Yoshi Tatsu, Japanese wrestler and boxer
    • 1978 – Andy Blignaut, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1978 – Björn Ferry, Swedish biathlete
    • 1978 – Dhani Harrison, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Chris Iwelumo, Scottish footballer
    • 1978 – Edgerrin James, American football player
    • 1979 – Junior Agogo, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1979 – Nathan Fien, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1979 – Jason Momoa, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1980 – Mancini, Brazilian footballer
    • 1980 – Romain Barras, French decathlete
    • 1980 – Esteban Paredes, Chilean footballer
    • 1981 – Dean Cox, Australian footballer
    • 1981 – Pia Haraldsen, Norwegian journalist and author
    • 1981 – Christofer Heimeroth, German footballer
    • 1981 – Stephen Hunt, Irish footballer
    • 1981 – Jamie Jones-Buchanan, English rugby player
    • 1982 – Basem Fathi, Jordanian footballer
    • 1982 – Montserrat Lombard, English actress, director, and screenwriter
    • 1983 – Bobby Carpenter, American football player
    • 1983 – Craig Clarke, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1983 – Julien Faubert, French footballer
    • 1983 – David Gervasi, Swiss decathlete
    • 1984 – Steve Feak, American game designer
    • 1984 – Francesco Gavazzi, Italian cyclist
    • 1984 – Brandon Kintzler, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Bastian Schweinsteiger, German footballer
    • 1985 – Stuart Holden, Scottish-American soccer player
    • 1985 – Adam Jones, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Cole Kimball, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Tendai Mtawarira, South African rugby player
    • 1985 – Kris Stadsgaard, Danish footballer
    • 1985 – Dušan Švento, Slovak footballer
    • 1986 – Damien Allen, English footballer
    • 1986 – Anton Strålman, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Andrew Taylor, English footballer
    • 1986 – Elena Vesnina, Russian tennis player
    • 1986 – Mike Wallace, American football player
    • 1987 – Iago Aspas, Spanish footballer
    • 1987 – Karen Carney, English women’s football winger
    • 1987 – Sébastien Pocognoli, Belgian footballer
    • 1987 – Lee Wallace, Scottish footballer
    • 1988 – Mustafa Abdellaoue, Norwegian footballer
    • 1988 – Patryk Małecki, Polish footballer
    • 1988 – Bodene Thompson, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1989 – Madison Bumgarner, American baseball player
    • 1989 – Tiffany Hwang, Korean American singer, songwriter, and actress
    • 1990 – Aledmys Díaz, Cuban baseball player
    • 1990 – Jean Hugues Gregoire, Mauritian swimmer
    • 1990 – Elton Jantjies, South African rugby player
    • 1991 – Piotr Malarczyk, Polish footballer
    • 1991 – Marco Puntoriere, Italian footballer
    • 1992 – Austin Rivers, American basketball player
    • 1992 – Mrunal Thakur, Indian actress
    • 1993 – Álex Abrines, Spanish basketball player
    • 1993 – Leon Thomas III, American actor and singer
    • 1994 – Sergeal Petersen, South African rugby player
    • 1994 – Ayaka Wada, Japanese singer
    • 1996 – Katie Boulter, English tennis player
    • 2001 – Park Si-eun, South Korean actress

    Deaths on August 1

    • 30 BC – Mark Antony, Roman general and politician (b. 83 BC)
    • 371 – Eusebius of Vercelli, Italian bishop and saint (b. 283)
    • 527 – Justin I, Byzantine emperor (b. 450)
    • 873 – Thachulf, duke of Thuringia
    • 946 – Ali ibn Isa al-Jarrah, Abbasid vizier (b. 859)
    • 946 – Lady Xu Xinyue, Chinese queen (b. 902)
    • 953 – Yingtian, Chinese Khitan empress (b. 879)
    • 984 – Æthelwold, bishop of Winchester
    • 1098 – Adhemar of Le Puy, French papal legate
    • 1137 – Louis VI, king of France (b. 1081)
    • 1146 – Vsevolod II of Kiev, Russian prince
    • 1227 – Shimazu Tadahisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1179)
    • 1252 – Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, Italian archbishop and explorer (b. 1180)
    • 1299 – Conrad de Lichtenberg, Bishop of Strasbourg (b. 1240)
    • 1402 – Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, English politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1341)
    • 1457 – Lorenzo Valla, Italian author and educator (b. 1406)
    • 1464 – Cosimo de’ Medici, Italian ruler (b. 1386)
    • 1494 – Giovanni Santi, artist and father of Raphael (b. c. 1435)
    • 1541 – Simon Grynaeus, German theologian and scholar (b. 1493)
    • 1543 – Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1488)
    • 1546 – Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (b. 1506)
    • 1557 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish archbishop, historian, and cartographer (b. 1490)
    • 1580 – Albrecht Giese, Polish-German politician and diplomat (b. 1524)
    • 1589 – Jacques Clément, French assassin of Henry III of France (b. 1567)
    • 1603 – Matthew Browne, English politician (b. 1563)
    • 1714 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain (b. 1665)
    • 1787 – Alphonsus Maria de’ Liguori, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1696)
    • 1795 – Clas Bjerkander, Swedish meteorologist, botanist, and entomologist (b. 1735)
    • 1796 – Sir Robert Pigot, 2nd Baronet, English colonel and politician (b. 1720)
    • 1798 – François-Paul Brueys d’Aigalliers, French admiral (b. 1753)
    • 1807 – John Boorman, English cricketer (b. c. 1754)
    • 1807 – John Walker, English actor, philologist, and lexicographer (b. 1732)
    • 1808 – Lady Diana Beauclerk, English painter and illustrator (b. 1734)
    • 1812 – Yakov Kulnev, Russian general (b. 1763)
    • 1851 – William Joseph Behr, German publicist and academic (b. 1775)
    • 1863 – Jind Kaur Majarani (Regent) of the Sikh Empire (b. 1817)
    • 1866 – John Ross, American tribal chief (b. 1790)
    • 1869 – Peter Julian Eymard, French Priest and Founder Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament (b. 1811)
    • 1869 – Richard Dry, Australian politician, 7th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1815)
    • 1903 – Calamity Jane, American frontierswoman and scout (b. 1853)
    • 1911 – Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter and illustrator (b. 1852)
    • 1911 – Samuel Arza Davenport, American lawyer and politician (b. 1843)
    • 1918 – John Riley Banister, American cowboy and police officer (b. 1854)
    • 1920 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian lawyer and journalist (b. 1856)
    • 1921 – T.J. Ryan, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Queensland (b. 1876)
    • 1922 – Donát Bánki, Hungarian engineer (b. 1856)
    • 1929 – Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer (b. 1870)
    • 1938 – Edmund C. Tarbell, American painter and academic (b. 1862)
    • 1943 – Lydia Litvyak, Russian lieutenant and pilot (b. 1921)
    • 1944 – Manuel L. Quezon, Filipino soldier, lawyer, and politician, 2nd President of the Philippines (b. 1878)
    • 1959 – Jean Behra, French race car driver (b. 1921)
    • 1963 – Theodore Roethke, American poet (b. 1908)
    • 1966 – Charles Whitman, American murderer (b. 1941)
    • 1967 – Richard Kuhn, Austrian-German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1900)
    • 1970 – Frances Farmer, American actress (b. 1913)
    • 1970 – Doris Fleeson, American journalist (b. 1901)
    • 1970 – Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1883)
    • 1973 – Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer and educator (b. 1882)
    • 1973 – Walter Ulbricht, German soldier and politician (b. 1893)
    • 1974 – Ildebrando Antoniutti, Italian cardinal (b. 1898)
    • 1977 – Francis Gary Powers, American captain and pilot (b. 1929)
    • 1980 – Patrick Depailler, French race car driver (b. 1944)
    • 1980 – Strother Martin, American actor (b. 1919)
    • 1981 – Paddy Chayefsky, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1923)
    • 1982 – T. Thirunavukarasu, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1933)
    • 1989 – John Ogdon, English pianist and composer (b. 1937)
    • 1990 – Norbert Elias, German-Dutch sociologist, author, and academic (b. 1897)
    • 1996 – Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1996 – Lucille Teasdale-Corti, Canadian physician and surgeon (b. 1929)
    • 1998 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian-British actress (b. 1927)
    • 2001 – Korey Stringer, American football player (b. 1974)
    • 2003 – Guy Thys, Belgian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1922)
    • 2003 – Marie Trintignant, French actress and screenwriter (b. 1962)
    • 2004 – Philip Abelson, American physicist and author (b. 1913)
    • 2005 – Al Aronowitz, American journalist (b. 1928)
    • 2005 – Wim Boost, Dutch cartoonist and educator (b. 1918)
    • 2005 – Constant Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter and sculptor (b. 1920)
    • 2005 – Fahd of Saudi Arabia (b. 1923)
    • 2006 – Bob Thaves, American illustrator (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Iris Marion Young, American political scientist and activist (b. 1949)
    • 2007 – Tommy Makem, Irish singer-songwriter and banjo player (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – Gertan Klauber, Czech-English actor (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – Harkishan Singh Surjeet, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1916)
    • 2009 – Corazon Aquino, Filipino politician, 11th President of the Philippines (b. 1933)
    • 2010 – Lolita Lebrón, Puerto Rican-American activist (b. 1919)
    • 2010 – Eric Tindill, New Zealand rugby player and cricketer (b. 1910)
    • 2012 – Aldo Maldera, Italian footballer and agent (b. 1953)
    • 2012 – Douglas Townsend, American composer and musicologist (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Barry Trapnell, English cricketer and academic (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – John Amis, English journalist and critic (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Gail Kobe, American actress and producer (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Babe Martin, American baseball player (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Toby Saks, American cellist and educator (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Wilford White, American football player (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Valyantsin Byalkevich, Belarusian footballer and manager (b. 1973)
    • 2014 – Jan Roar Leikvoll, Norwegian author (b. 1974)
    • 2014 – Charles T. Payne, American soldier (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Mike Smith, English radio and television host (b. 1955)
    • 2015 – Stephan Beckenbauer, German footballer and manager (b. 1968)
    • 2015 – Cilla Black, English singer and actress (b. 1943)
    • 2015 – Bernard d’Espagnat, French physicist, philosopher, and author (b. 1921)
    • 2015 – Bob Frankford, English-Canadian physician and politician (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Hong Yuanshuo, Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1948)
    • 2016 – Queen Anne of Romania (b. 1923)

    Holidays and observances on August 1

    • Armed Forces Day (Lebanon)
    • Armed Forces Day (China) or Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Liberation Army (People’s Republic of China)
    • Azerbaijani Language and Alphabet Day (Azerbaijan)
    • Celebration of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 which ended the slavery in the British Empire, generally celebrated as a part of Carnival, as the Caribbean Carnival takes place at this time (British West Indies):
      • Earliest day on which Caribana celebration can fall, celebrated on the first Weekend of August. (Toronto)
      • Earliest day on which Emancipation Day can fall, celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Anguilla, the Bahamas, British Virgin Islands)
      • Emancipation Day (Barbados, Bermuda, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Abgar V of Edessa (Syrian Church)
      • Alphonsus Maria de’ Liguori
      • Æthelwold of Winchester
      • Bernard Võ Văn Duệ (one of Vietnamese Martyrs)
      • Blessed Gerhard Hirschfelder
      • Eusebius of Vercelli
      • Exuperius of Bayeux
      • Felix of Girona
      • Peter Apostle in Chains
      • Procession of the Cross and the beginning of Dormition Fast (Eastern Orthodoxy)
      • The Holy Maccabees
      • August 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which August Bank Holiday (Ireland) can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August.
    • Earliest day on which Civic Holiday can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Canada)
    • Earliest day on which Commerce Day, or Frídagur verslunarmanna, can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Iceland)
    • Earliest day on which Constitution Day (Cook Islands) can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August.
    • Earliest day on which Farmers’ Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August. (Zambia)
    • Earliest day on which International Beer Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Friday of August.
    • Earliest day on which Friendship Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday of August. (United States)
    • Earliest day on which Kadooment Day can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August (Barbados)
    • Earliest day on which Labor Day (Samoa) can fall, while August 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of August (Samoa)
    • Minden Day (United Kingdom)
    • National Day, celebrates the independence of Benin from France in 1960.
    • National Day, commemorates Switzerland becoming a single unit in 1291.
    • Official Birthday and Coronation Day of the King of Tonga (Tonga)
    • Parents’ Day (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
    • Statehood Day (Colorado)
    • Swiss National Day (Switzerland)
    • The beginning of autumn observances in the Northern hemisphere and spring observances in the Southern hemisphere (Neopagan Wheel of the Year):
      • Lughnasadh in the Northern hemisphere, Imbolc in the Southern hemisphere; traditionally begins on the eve of August 1. (Gaels, Ireland, Scotland, Neopagans)
      • Lammas (England, Scotland, Neopagans)
      • Pachamama Raymi (Quechuan in Ecuador and Peru)
    • The first day of Carnaval del Pueblo (Burgess Park, London, England)
    • Victory Day (Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam)
    • World Scout Scarf Day
    • Yorkshire Day (Yorkshire, England)

  • July 20 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • AD 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots.
    • 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defeats Byzantine Emperor Constantine VI at the Battle of Marcellae.
    • 911 – Rollo lays siege to Chartres.
    • 1189 – Richard I of England officially invested as Duke of Normandy.
    • 1225 – Treaty of San Germano is signed at San Germano between Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and Pope Gregory IX. A Dominican named Guala is responsible for the negotiations.
    • 1398 – The Battle of Kellistown was fought on this day between the forces of the English led by Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March against the O’Byrnes and O’Tooles under the command of Art Óg mac Murchadha Caomhánach, the most powerful Chieftain in Leinster.
    • 1402 – Ottoman-Timurid Wars: Battle of Ankara: Timur, ruler of Timurid Empire, defeats forces of the Ottoman Empire sultan Bayezid I.
    • 1592 – During the first Japanese invasion of Korea, Japanese forces led by Toyotomi Hideyoshi captured Pyongyang, although they were ultimately unable to hold it.
    • 1715 – Seventh Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Empire captures Nauplia, the capital of the Republic of Venice’s “Kingdom of the Morea”, thereby opening the way to the swift Ottoman reconquest of the Morea.
    • 1738 – Canadian explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes et de La Vérendrye reaches the western shore of Lake Michigan.
    • 1799 – Tekle Giyorgis I begins his first of six reigns as Emperor of Ethiopia.
    • 1807 – Nicéphore Niépce is awarded a patent by Napoleon for the Pyréolophore, the world’s first internal combustion engine, after it successfully powered a boat upstream on the river Saône in France.
    • 1810 – Citizens of Bogotá, New Granada declare independence from Spain.
    • 1831 – Seneca and Shawnee people agree to relinquish their land in western Ohio for 60,000 acres west of the Mississippi River.
    • 1848 – The first Women’s Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, a two-day event, concludes.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek: Near Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate forces led by General John Bell Hood unsuccessfully attack Union troops under General William T. Sherman.
    • 1866 – Austro-Prussian War: Battle of Lissa: The Austrian Navy, led by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, defeats the Italian Navy near the island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea.
    • 1871 – British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.
    • 1885 – The Football Association legalizes professionalism in association football under pressure from the British Football Association.
    • 1903 – The Ford Motor Company ships its first automobile.
    • 1917 – World War I: The Corfu Declaration, which leads to the creation of the post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia, is signed by the Yugoslav Committee and Kingdom of Serbia.
    • 1920 – The Greek Army takes control of Silivri after Greece is awarded the city by the Paris Peace Conference; by 1923 Greece effectively lost control to the Turks.
    • 1922 – The League of Nations awards mandates of Togoland to France and Tanganyika to the United Kingdom.
    • 1932 – In the Preußenschlag (“Prussian coup”), German President Paul von Hindenburg dissolves the government of Prussia
    • 1934 – Labor unrest in the U.S.: Police in Minneapolis fire upon striking truck drivers, during the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934, killing two and wounding sixty-seven.
    • 1934 – West Coast waterfront strike: In Seattle, police fire tear gas on and club 2,000 striking longshoremen. The governor of Oregon calls out the National Guard to break a strike on the Portland docks.
    • 1935 – Switzerland: A Royal Dutch Airlines plane en route from Milan to Frankfurt crashes into a Swiss mountain, killing thirteen.
    • 1936 – The Montreux Convention is signed in Switzerland, authorizing Turkey to fortify the Dardanelles and Bosphorus but guaranteeing free passage to ships of all nations in peacetime.
    • 1938 – The United States Department of Justice files suit in New York City against the motion picture industry charging violations of the Sherman Antitrust Act in regards to the studio system. The case would eventually result in a break-up of the industry in 1948.
    • 1940 – Denmark leaves the League of Nations.
    • 1940 – California opens its first freeway, the Arroyo Seco Parkway.
    • 1941 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin consolidates the Commissariats of Home Affairs and National Security to form the NKVD and names Lavrentiy Beria its chief.
    • 1944 – World War II: Adolf Hitler survives an assassination attempt led by German Army Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg.
    • 1949 – Israel and Syria sign a truce to end their nineteen-month war.
    • 1950 – Cold War: In Philadelphia, Harry Gold pleads guilty to spying for the Soviet Union by passing secrets from atomic scientist Klaus Fuchs.
    • 1951 – King Abdullah I of Jordan is assassinated by a Palestinian while attending Friday prayers in Jerusalem.
    • 1954 – Germany: Otto John, head of West Germany’s secret service, defects to East Germany.
    • 1960 – Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) elects Sirimavo Bandaranaike Prime Minister, the world’s first elected female head of government.
    • 1960 – The Polaris missile is successfully launched from a submarine, the USS George Washington, for the first time.
    • 1961 – French military forces break the Tunisian siege of Bizerte.
    • 1964 – Vietnam War: Viet Cong forces attack the capital of Định Tường Province, Cái Bè, killing 11 South Vietnamese military personnel and 40 civilians (30 of whom are children).
    • 1968 – The first International Special Olympics Summer Games are held at Soldier Field in Chicago, with about 1,000 athletes with intellectual disabilities.
    • 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11’s crew successfully makes the first manned landing on the Moon in the Sea of Tranquility. Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the Moon six and a half hours later.
    • 1969 – A cease fire is announced between Honduras and El Salvador, six days after the beginning of the “Football War”.
    • 1974 – Turkish invasion of Cyprus: Forces from Turkey invade Cyprus after a coup d’état, organised by the dictator of Greece, against president Makarios.
    • 1976 – The American Viking 1 lander successfully lands on Mars.
    • 1977 – The Central Intelligence Agency releases documents under the Freedom of Information Act revealing it had engaged in mind-control experiments.
    • 1977 – The Johnstown flood of 1977 kills 84 people and causes millions of dollars in damages.
    • 1982 – Hyde Park and Regent’s Park bombings: The Provisional IRA detonates two bombs in Hyde Park and Regent’s Park in central London, killing eight soldiers, wounding forty-seven people, and leading to the deaths of seven horses.
    • 1985 – The government of Aruba passes legislation to secede from the Netherlands Antilles.
    • 1989 – Burma’s ruling junta puts opposition leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest.
    • 1992 – Václav Havel resigns as president of Czechoslovakia.
    • 1997 – The fully restored USS Constitution (a.k.a. Old Ironsides) celebrates its 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
    • 1999 – The Chinese Communist Party begins a persecution campaign against Falun Gong, arresting thousands nationwide.
    • 2005 – The Civil Marriage Act legalizes same-sex marriage in Canada.
    • 2012 – James Holmes opened fire at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado, killing 12 and injuring 70 others.
    • 2013 – Seventeen government soldiers are killed in an attack by FARC revolutionaries in the Colombian department of Arauca.
    • 2015 – A huge explosion in the mostly Kurdish border town of Suruç, Turkey, targeting the Socialist Youth Associations Federation, kills at least 31 people and injures over 100.
    • 2015 – The United States and Cuba resume full diplomatic relations after five decades.
    • 2017 – O. J. Simpson is granted parole to be released from prison after serving nine years of a 33-year sentence after being convicted of armed robbery in Las Vegas.

    Births on July 20

    • 356 BC – Alexander the Great, Macedonian king (d. 323 BC)
    • 647 – Yazid I, Arabian caliph (d. 683)
    • 682 – Taichō, Japanese monk and scholar (d. 767)
    • 1304 – Petrarch, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1374)
    • 1313 – John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (d. 1367)
    • 1346 – Margaret, Countess of Pembroke, daughter of King Edward III of England (d. 1361)
    • 1470 – John Bourchier, 1st Earl of Bath, English noble (d. 1539)
    • 1519 – Pope Innocent IX (d. 1591)
    • 1537 – Arnaud d’Ossat, French cardinal (d. 1604)
    • 1583 – Alban Roe, English Benedictine martyr (d. 1642)
    • 1591 – Anne Hutchinson, English Puritan preacher (d. 1643)
    • 1592 – Johan Björnsson Printz, governor of New Sweden (d. 1663)
    • 1601 – Robert Wallop, English politician (d. 1667)
    • 1620 – Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder, Dutch poet and scholar (d. 1681)
    • 1649 – William Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1709)
    • 1754 – Antoine Destutt de Tracy, French philosopher and academic (d. 1836)
    • 1757 – Garsevan Chavchavadze, Georgian politician and diplomat (d. 1811)
    • 1762 – Jakob Haibel, Austrian tenor and composer (d. 1826)
    • 1774 – Auguste de Marmont, French general (d. 1852)
    • 1789 – Mahmud II, Ottoman sultan (d. 1839)
    • 1804 – Richard Owen, English biologist, anatomist, and paleontologist (d. 1892)
    • 1822 – Gregor Mendel, Austro-German monk, geneticist and botanist (d. 1884)
    • 1838 – Augustin Daly, American playwright and manager (d. 1899)
    • 1838 – William Paine Lord, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of Oregon (d. 1911)
    • 1838 – Sir George Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet, English civil servant and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1928)
    • 1847 – Max Liebermann, German painter and academic (d. 1935)
    • 1849 – Robert Anderson Van Wyck, American lawyer and politician, 91st Mayor of New York City (d. 1918)
    • 1852 – Theo Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1932)
    • 1854 – Philomène Belliveau, Canadian artist (d. 1940)
    • 1864 – Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Swedish poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1931)
    • 1864 – Ruggero Oddi, Italian physiologist and anatomist (d. 1913)
    • 1868 – Miron Cristea, Romanian cleric and politician, 38th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1939)
    • 1873 – Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian pilot (d. 1932)
    • 1876 – Otto Blumenthal, German mathematician and academic (d. 1944)
    • 1877 – Tom Crean, Irish sailor and explorer (d. 1938)
    • 1882 – Olga Hahn-Neurath, Austrian mathematician and philosopher (d. 1937)
    • 1889 – John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, Scottish broadcaster, co-founded BBC (d. 1971)
    • 1890 – Verna Felton, American actress (d. 1966)
    • 1890 – Julie Vinter Hansen, Danish-Swiss astronomer and academic (d. 1960)
    • 1890 – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (d. 1964)
    • 1893 – George Llewelyn Davies, English soldier (d. 1915)
    • 1895 – László Moholy-Nagy, Hungarian painter, photographer, and sculptor (d. 1946)
    • 1897 – Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
    • 1900 – Maurice Leyland, English cricketer and coach (d. 1967)
    • 1901 – Vehbi Koç, Turkish businessman and philanthropist, founded Koç Holding (d. 1996)
    • 1901 – Eugenio Lopez Sr., Filipino businessman and founder of the Lopez Group of Companies (d. 1975)
    • 1901 – Heinie Manush, American baseball player and manager (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Leonidas Berry, American gastroenterologist (d. 1995)
    • 1905 – Joseph Levis, American foil fencer (d. 2005)
    • 1909 – Eric Rowan, South African cricketer (d. 1993)
    • 1910 – Vilém Tauský, Czech-English conductor and composer (d. 2004)
    • 1911 – Baqa Jilani, Indian cricketer (d. 1941)
    • 1911 – José Zabala-Santos, Filipino author and illustrator (d. 1985)
    • 1912 – George Johnston, Australian journalist and author (d. 1970)
    • 1914 – Dobri Dobrev, Bulgarian philanthropist (d. 2018)
    • 1914 – Charilaos Florakis, Greek politician (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – Ersilio Tonini, Italian cardinal (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Cindy Walker, American singer-songwriter and dancer (d. 2006)
    • 1919 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer and explorer (d. 2008)
    • 1919 – Jacquemine Charrott Lodwidge, English writer (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Elliot Richardson, American lieutenant and politician, 11th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Henri Alleg, English-French journalist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Alan Stephenson Boyd, American lawyer and politician, 1st United States Secretary of Transportation
    • 1923 – Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Lola Albright, American actress and singer (d. 2017)
    • 1924 – Thomas Berger, American author and playwright (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Mort Garson, Canadian-American songwriter and composer (d. 2008)
    • 1925 – Jacques Delors, French economist and politician, 8th President of the European Commission
    • 1925 – Frantz Fanon, French–Algerian psychiatrist and philosopher (d. 1961)
    • 1927 – Barbara Bergmann, American economist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Heather Chasen, English actress (d. 2020)
    • 1927 – Michael Gielen, Austrian conductor and composer (d. 2019)
    • 1927 – Ian P. Howard, English-Canadian psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Józef Czyrek, Polish economist and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Belaid Abdessalam, Prime Minister of Algeria
    • 1929 – Hazel Hawke, Australian social worker and pianist, 23rd Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Mike Ilitch, American businessman, co-founded Little Caesars (d. 2017)
    • 1929 – Rajendra Kumar, Pakistani-Indian actor and producer (d. 1999)
    • 1929 – David Tonkin, Australian politician, 38th Premier of South Australia (d. 2000)
    • 1930 – Giannis Agouris, Greek journalist and author (d. 2006)
    • 1930 – Chuck Daly, American basketball player and coach (d. 2009)
    • 1930 – William H. Goetzmann, American historian and author (d. 2010)
    • 1930 – Sally Ann Howes, English-American singer and actress
    • 1931 – Tony Marsh, English race car driver (d. 2009)
    • 1932 – Nam June Paik, American artist (d. 2006)
    • 1932 – Otto Schily, German lawyer and politician, German Minister of the Interior
    • 1933 – Buddy Knox, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
    • 1933 – Cormac McCarthy, American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter
    • 1933 – Rex Williams, English snooker player
    • 1935 – Peter Palumbo, Baron Palumbo, English businessman and art collector
    • 1935 – Sleepy LaBeef, American rockabilly singer and musician (d. 2019)
    • 1936 – Alistair MacLeod, Canadian novelist and short story writer (d. 2014)
    • 1936 – Barbara Mikulski, American social worker and politician
    • 1938 – Deniz Baykal, Turkish lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey
    • 1938 – Roger Hunt, English footballer
    • 1938 – Tony Oliva, Cuban-American baseball player and coach
    • 1938 – Diana Rigg, English actress
    • 1938 – Natalie Wood, American actress (d. 1981)
    • 1939 – Judy Chicago, American painter and sculptor
    • 1941 – Don Chuy, American football player (d. 2014)
    • 1941 – Periklis Korovesis, Greek author and journalist
    • 1941 – Kurt Raab, German actor, screenwriter, and production designer (d. 1988)
    • 1942 – Pete Hamilton, American race car driver
    • 1943 – Chris Amon, New Zealand race car driver (d. 2016)
    • 1943 – Bob McNab, English footballer
    • 1943 – Adrian Păunescu, Romanian poet, journalist, and politician (d. 2010)
    • 1943 – Wendy Richard, English actress (d. 2009)
    • 1944 – Mel Daniels, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1944 – W. Cary Edwards, American politician (d. 2010)
    • 1944 – Olivier de Kersauson, French sailor
    • 1944 – T. G. Sheppard, American country music singer-songwriter
    • 1945 – Kim Carnes, American singer-songwriter
    • 1945 – Larry Craig, American soldier and politician
    • 1945 – John Lodge, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1945 – Bo Rein, American football player and coach (d. 1980)
    • 1946 – Randal Kleiser, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1947 – Gerd Binnig, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1947 – Carlos Santana, Mexican-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Muse Watson, American actor and producer
    • 1950 – Edward Leigh, English lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – Lucille Lemay, Canadian archer
    • 1951 – Jeff Rawle, English actor and screenwriter
    • 1953 – Dave Evans, Welsh-Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1953 – Thomas Friedman, American journalist and author
    • 1953 – Marcia Hines, American-Australian singer and actress
    • 1954 – Moira Harris, American actress
    • 1954 – Jay Jay French, American guitarist and producer
    • 1955 – Desmond Douglas, Jamaican-English table tennis player
    • 1955 – René-Daniel Dubois, Canadian actor and playwright
    • 1955 – Jem Finer, English banjo player and songwriter
    • 1956 – Paul Cook, English drummer
    • 1956 – Thomas N’Kono, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1956 – Jim Prentice, Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Premier of Alberta (d. 2016)
    • 1958 – Mick MacNeil, Scottish keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1959 – Radney Foster, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1960 – Claudio Langes, Italian race car driver
    • 1960 – Prvoslav Vujčić, Serbian-Canadian poet and philosopher
    • 1960 – Sudesh Berry, Indian actor
    • 1961 – Óscar Elías Biscet, Cuban physician and activist, founded the Lawton Foundation
    • 1962 – Carlos Alazraqui, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1962 – Giovanna Amati, Italian race car driver
    • 1962 – Julie Bindel, English journalist, author, and academic
    • 1963 – Frank Whaley, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Chris Cornell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
    • 1964 – Terri Irwin, American-Australian zoologist and author
    • 1964 – Sebastiano Rossi, Italian footballer
    • 1964 – Bernd Schneider, German race car driver
    • 1965 – Jess Walter, American journalist and author
    • 1966 – Stone Gossard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – Enrique Peña Nieto, Mexican lawyer and politician, 57th President of Mexico
    • 1967 – Courtney Taylor-Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1968 – Jimmy Carson, American ice hockey player
    • 1968 – Hami Mandıralı, Turkish footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Kool G Rap, American hip-hop artist
    • 1969 – Josh Holloway, American actor
    • 1969 – Kreso Kovacec, Croatian-German footballer
    • 1969 – Giovanni Lombardi, Italian cyclist
    • 1969 – Joon Park, South Korean-American singer
    • 1969 – Tobi Vail, American singer and guitarist
    • 1971 – Charles Johnson, American baseball player
    • 1971 – Sandra Oh, Canadian actress
    • 1972 – Jamie Ainscough, Australian rugby league player
    • 1972 – Jozef Stümpel, Slovak ice hockey player
    • 1972 – Erik Ullenhag, Swedish jurist and politician
    • 1972 – Vitamin C, American singer-songwriter
    • 1973 – Omar Epps, American actor
    • 1973 – Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway
    • 1973 – Peter Forsberg, Swedish ice hockey player and manager
    • 1973 – Nixon McLean, Caribbean cricketer
    • 1973 – Roberto Orci, Mexican-American screenwriter and producer
    • 1973 – Claudio Reyna, American soccer player
    • 1975 – Ray Allen, American basketball player and actor
    • 1975 – Judy Greer, American actress and producer
    • 1975 – Erik Hagen, Norwegian footballer
    • 1975 – Birgitta Ohlsson, Swedish journalist and politician, 5th Swedish Minister for European Union Affairs
    • 1975 – Jason Raize, American singer and actor
    • 1975 – Yusuf Şimşek, Turkish footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Erica Hill, American journalist
    • 1976 – Debashish Mohanty, Indian cricketer and coach
    • 1976 – Andrew Stockdale, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1976 – Alex Yoong, Malaysian race car driver
    • 1977 – Kiki Musampa, Congolese footballer
    • 1977 – Yves Niaré, French shot putter (d. 2012)
    • 1977 – Alessandro Santos, Brazilian-Japanese footballer
    • 1978 – Pavel Datsyuk, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Will Solomon, American basketball player
    • 1978 – Elliott Yamin, American singer-songwriter
    • 1978 – Ieva Zunda, Latvian runner and hurdler
    • 1979 – Miklós Fehér, Hungarian footballer (d. 2004)
    • 1979 – Charlotte Hatherley, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – David Ortega, Spanish swimmer
    • 1980 – Tesfaye Bramble, English-Montserratian footballer
    • 1980 – Gisele Bündchen, Brazilian model, fashionista, and businesswoman
    • 1981 – Viktoria Ladõnskaja, Estonian journalist and politician
    • 1982 – Antoine Vermette, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Alexi Casilla, Dominican baseball player
    • 1984 – Matt Gilroy, American ice hockey player
    • 1985 – John Francis Daley, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1985 – Harley Morenstein, Canadian actor and YouTube personality
    • 1985 – David Mundy, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Osric Chau, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1987 – Nicola Benedetti, Scottish violinist
    • 1987 – Niall McGinn, Irish footballer
    • 1988 – Julianne Hough, American singer-songwriter, actress, and dancer
    • 1988 – Stephen Strasburg, American baseball player
    • 1988 – Shahram Mahmoudi, Iranian volleyball player
    • 1989 – Javier Cortés, Mexican footballer
    • 1989 – Cristian Pasquato, Italian footballer
    • 1990 – Lars Unnerstall, German footballer
    • 1991 – Chiyoshōma Fujio, Mongolian sumo wrestler
    • 1991 – Ryan James, Australian rugby league player
    • 1991 – Kira Kazantsev, Miss America 2015
    • 1991 – Philipp Reiter, German mountaineer and runner
    • 1993 – Steven Adams, New Zealand basketball player
    • 1995 – Moses Leota, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1996 – Ben Simmons, Australian basketball player

    Deaths on July 20

    • 518 – Amantius, Byzantine grand chamberlain and Monophysite martyr
    • 833 – Ansegisus, Frankish abbot and saint
    • 985 – Boniface VII, antipope of Rome
    • 1031 – Robert II, king of France (b. 972)
    • 1156 – Toba, emperor of Japan (b. 1103)
    • 1320 – Oshin, king of Armenia (b. 1282)
    • 1332 – Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland
    • 1387 – Robert IV, French nobleman (b. 1356)
    • 1398 – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, Welsh nobleman (b. 1374)
    • 1453 – Enguerrand de Monstrelet, French historian and author (b. 1400)
    • 1454 – John II, king of Castile and León (b. 1405)
    • 1514 – György Dózsa, Transylvanian peasant revolt leader (b. 1470)
    • 1524 – Claude, queen consort of France (b. 1499)
    • 1526 – García Jofre de Loaísa, Spanish explorer (b. 1490)
    • 1600 – William More, English courtier (b. 1520)
    • 1616 – Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone, Irish nobleman and rebel soldier (b. 1550)
    • 1704 – Peregrine White, English-American farmer and soldier (b. 1620)
    • 1752 – Johann Christoph Pepusch, German-English composer and theorist (b. 1667)
    • 1816 – Gavrila Derzhavin, Russian poet and politician (b. 1743)
    • 1866 – Bernhard Riemann, German mathematician and academic (b. 1826)
    • 1897 – Jean Ingelow, English poet and author (b. 1820)
    • 1901 – William Cosmo Monkhouse, English poet and critic (b. 1840)
    • 1903 – Leo XIII, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1810)
    • 1908 – Demetrius Vikelas, Greek businessman and author (b. 1835)
    • 1908 – Karl Bernhard Zoeppritz, German geophysicist and seismologist (b. 1881)
    • 1910 – Anderson Dawson, Australian politician, 14th Premier of Queensland (b. 1863)
    • 1922 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician and theorist (b. 1856)
    • 1923 – Pancho Villa, Mexican general and politician, Governor of Chihuahua (b. 1878)
    • 1926 – Felix Dzerzhinsky, Russian educator and politician (b. 1877)
    • 1927 – Ferdinand I, king of Romania (b. 1865)
    • 1928 – Kostas Karyotakis, Greek poet and author (b. 1896)
    • 1932 – René Bazin, French author and academic (b. 1853)
    • 1937 – Olga Hahn-Neurath, Austrian mathematician and philosopher from the Vienna Circle (b. 1882)
    • 1937 – Guglielmo Marconi, Italian physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
    • 1941 – Lew Fields, American actor and producer (b. 1867)
    • 1944 – Ludwig Beck, German general (b. 1880)
    • 1945 – Paul Valéry, French author and poet (b. 1871)
    • 1951 – Abdullah I, king of Jordan (b. 1882)
    • 1953 – Dumarsais Estimé, Haitian lawyer and politician, 33rd President of Haiti (b. 1900)
    • 1953 – Jan Struther, English author and hymn-writer (b. 1901)
    • 1955 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Armenian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1869)
    • 1956 – James Alexander Calder, Canadian educator and politician, Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence (b. 1868)
    • 1959 – William D. Leahy, American admiral and diplomat, United States Ambassador to France (b. 1875)
    • 1965 – Batukeshwar Dutt, Indian activist (b. 1910)
    • 1968 – Bray Hammond, American historian and author (b. 1886)
    • 1970 – Iain Macleod, English journalist and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1913)
    • 1972 – Geeta Dutt, Indian singer and actress (b. 1930)
    • 1973 – Bruce Lee, American actor and martial artist (b. 1940)
    • 1973 – Robert Smithson, American photographer and sculptor (b. 1938)
    • 1974 – Allen Jenkins, American actor and singer (b. 1900)
    • 1974 – Kamal Dasgupta, Bengali music director, composer and folk artist. (b. 1912)
    • 1976 – Joseph Rochefort, American captain and cryptanalyst (b. 1900)
    • 1977 – Gary Kellgren, American record producer, co-founded Record Plant (b. 1939)
    • 1980 – Maria Martinez, San Ildefonso Pueblo (Native American) potter (b. 1887)
    • 1981 – Kostas Choumis, Greek-Romanian footballer (b. 1913)
    • 1983 – Frank Reynolds, American soldier and journalist (b. 1923)
    • 1987 – Richard Egan, American soldier and actor (b. 1921)
    • 1989 – Forrest H. Anderson, American judge and politician, 17th Governor of Montana (b. 1913)
    • 1990 – Herbert Turner Jenkins, American police officer (b. 1907)
    • 1993 – Vince Foster, American lawyer and political figure (b. 1945)
    • 1994 – Paul Delvaux, Belgian painter (b. 1897)
    • 1997 – M. E. H. Maharoof, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1939)
    • 1998 – June Byers, American wrestler (b. 1922)
    • 1999 – Sandra Gould, American actress (b. 1916)
    • 2002 – Michalis Kritikopoulos, Greek footballer (b. 1946)
    • 2003 – Nicolas Freeling, English author (b. 1927)
    • 2004 – Lala Mara, Fijian politician (b. 1931)
    • 2004 – Valdemaras Martinkėnas, Lithuanian footballer and coach (b. 1965)
    • 2005 – James Doohan, Canadian-American actor (b. 1920)
    • 2005 – Finn Gustavsen, Norwegian journalist and politician (b. 1926)
    • 2005 – Kayo Hatta, American director and cinematographer (b. 1958)
    • 2006 – Ted Grant, South African-English theorist and activist (b. 1913)
    • 2006 – Gérard Oury, French actor, director, and producer (b. 1919)
    • 2007 – Tammy Faye Messner, American Christian evangelist and talk show host (b. 1942)
    • 2008 – Artie Traum, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1943)
    • 2008 – Dinko Šakić, Croatian concentration camp commander (b. 1921)
    • 2009 – Vedat Okyar, Turkish footballer (b. 1945)
    • 2009 – Mark Rosenzweig, American psychologist and academic (b. 1922)
    • 2011 – Lucian Freud, German-English painter and illustrator (b. 1922)
    • 2012 – Alastair Burnet, English journalist (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Jack Davis, American hurdler (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – José Hermano Saraiva, Portuguese historian, jurist, and politician, Portuguese Minister of Education (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Pierre Fabre, French pharmacist and businessman, founded Laboratoires Pierre Fabre (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Khurshed Alam Khan, Indian politician, 2nd Governor of Goa (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Augustus Rowe, Canadian physician and politician (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Helen Thomas, American journalist and author (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Victor G. Atiyeh, American businessman and politician, 32nd Governor of Oregon (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Constantin Lucaci, Romanian sculptor and educator (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Bob McNamara, American football player (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Klaus Schmidt, German archaeologist and academic (b. 1953)
    • 2015 – Wayne Carson, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1943)
    • 2015 – Fred Else, English footballer and manager (b. 1933)
    • 2015 – Dieter Moebius, Swiss-German keyboard player and producer (b. 1944)
    • 2016 – Radu Beligan, Romanian actor, director, and essayist (b. 1918)
    • 2017 – Chester Bennington, American singer (b. 1976)

    Holidays and observances on July 20

    • Birthday of Crown Prince Haakon Magnus (Norway)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Ansegisus
      • Apollinaris of Ravenna
      • Aurelius
      • Ealhswith (or Elswith)
      • Elijah
      • Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Amelia Bloomer, Sojourner Truth, and Harriet Ross Tubman (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • John Baptist Yi (one of The Korean Martyrs)
      • Margaret the Virgin
      • Thorlac (relic translation)
      • Wilgefortis (cult suppressed)
      • July 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Día del Amigo (Argentina, Brazil)
    • Engineer’s Day (Costa Rica)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence declaration of Colombia from Spain in 1810.
    • International Chess Day
    • Lempira Day (Honduras)
    • Tree Planting Day (Central African Republic)

  • July 15 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome
    • AD 70 – Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. (17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar).
    • 756 – An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong of Tang is ordered by his Imperial Guards to execute chancellor Yang Guozhong by forcing him to commit suicide or face a mutiny. General An Lushan has other members of the emperor’s family killed.
    • 1099 – First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final assault of a difficult siege.
    • 1149 – The reconstructed Church of the Holy Sepulchre is consecrated in Jerusalem.
    • 1207 – King John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop Stephen Langton.
    • 1240 – Swedish–Novgorodian Wars: A Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva.
    • 1381 – John Ball, a leader in the Peasants’ Revolt, is hanged, drawn, and quartered in the presence of King Richard II of England.
    • 1410 – Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War: Battle of Grunwald: The allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the army of the Teutonic Order.
    • 1482 – Muhammad XII is crowned the twenty-second and last Nasrid king of Granada.
    • 1738 – Baruch Laibov and Alexander Voznitzin are burned alive in St. Petersburg, Russia. Vonitzin had converted to Judaism with Laibov’s help, with the consent of Empress Anna Ivanovna.
    • 1741 – Aleksei Chirikov sights land in Southeast Alaska. He sends men ashore in a longboat, making them the first Europeans to visit Alaska.
    • 1789 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, is named by acclamation Colonel General of the new National Guard of Paris.
    • 1799 – The Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon’s Egyptian Campaign.
    • 1806 – Pike Expedition: United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine near St. Louis, Missouri, to explore the west.
    • 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon Bonaparte surrenders aboard HMS Bellerophon.
    • 1823 – A fire destroys the ancient Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome, Italy.
    • 1834 – The Spanish Inquisition is officially disbanded after nearly 356 years.
    • 1838 – Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
    • 1862 – The CSS Arkansas, the most effective ironclad on the Mississippi River, battles with Union ships commanded by Admiral David Farragut, severely damaging three ships and sustaining heavy damage herself. The encounter changed the complexion of warfare on the Mississippi and helped to reverse Rebel fortunes on the river in the summer of 1862.
    • 1870 – Reconstruction Era of the United States: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
    • 1870 – Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson’s Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories.
    • 1888 – The stratovolcano Mount Bandai erupts killing approximately 500 people, in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.
    • 1910 – In his book Clinical Psychiatry, Emil Kraepelin gives a name to Alzheimer’s disease, naming it after his colleague Alois Alzheimer.
    • 1916 – In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
    • 1918 – World War I: The Second Battle of the Marne begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
    • 1920 – The Polish Parliament establishes Silesian Voivodeship before the Polish-German plebiscite.
    • 1922 – Japanese Communist Party is established in Japan.
    • 1927 – Massacre of July 15, 1927: Eighty-nine protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna.
    • 1946 – State of North Borneo, today in Sabah, Malaysia, annexed by the United Kingdom.
    • 1954 – First flight of the Boeing 367-80, prototype for both the Boeing 707 and C-135 series.
    • 1955 – Eighteen Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, later co-signed by thirty-four others.
    • 1959 – The steel strike of 1959 begins, leading to significant importation of foreign steel for the first time in United States history.
    • 1966 – Vietnam War: The United States and South Vietnam begin Operation Hastings to push the North Vietnamese out of the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone.
    • 1971 – The United Red Army is founded in Japan.
    • 1974 – In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek junta-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d’état, deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.
    • 1975 – Space Race: Apollo–Soyuz Test Project features the dual launch of an Apollo spacecraft and a Soyuz spacecraft on the first joint Soviet-United States human-crewed flight. It was both the last launch of an Apollo spacecraft, and the Saturn family of rockets.
    • 1979 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter gives his “malaise speech”.
    • 1983 – An attack at Orly Airport in Paris is launched by Armenian militant organisation ASALA, leaving eight people dead and 55 injured.
    • 1996 – A Belgian Air Force C-130 Hercules carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport.
    • 1998 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP S. Shanmuganathan is killed by a claymore mine.
    • 2002 – “American Taliban” John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and to possession of explosives during the commission of a felony.
    • 2002 – Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan hands down the death sentence to British born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and life terms to three others suspected of murdering The Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
    • 2003 – AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.
    • 2006 – Twitter, later one of the largest social media platforms in the world, is launched.
    • 2014 – A train derails on the Moscow Metro, killing at least 24 and injuring more than 160 others.
    • 2016 – Factions of the Turkish Armed Forces attempt a coup.

    Births on July 15

    • 980 – Ichijō, Japanese emperor (d. 1011)
    • 1273 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and saint (d. 1352)
    • 1353 – Vladimir the Bold, Russian prince (d. 1410)
    • 1359 – Antonio Correr, Italian cardinal (d. 1445)
    • 1442 – Boček IV of Poděbrady, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1496)
    • 1455 – Queen Yun, Korean queen (d. 1482)
    • 1471 – Eskender, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1494)
    • 1478 – Barbara Jagiellon, duchess consort of Saxony and Margravine consort of Meissen (d. 1534)
    • 1573 – Inigo Jones, English architect, designed the Queen’s House (d. 1652)
    • 1600 – Jan Cossiers, Flemish painter (d. 1671)
    • 1606 – Rembrandt, Dutch painter and etcher (d. 1669)
    • 1611 – Jai Singh I, maharaja of Jaipur (d. 1667)
    • 1613 – Gu Yanwu, Chinese philologist and geographer (d. 1682)
    • 1631 – Jens Juel, Danish politician and diplomat, Governor-general of Norway (d. 1700)
    • 1631 – Richard Cumberland, English philosopher (d. 1718)
    • 1638 – Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1693)
    • 1704 – August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (d. 1792)
    • 1779 – Clement Clarke Moore, American author, poet, and educator (d. 1863)
    • 1793 – Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, American educator, author, editor (d. 1884)
    • 1796 – Thomas Bulfinch, American mythologist (d. 1867)
    • 1799 – Reuben Chapman, American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Alabama (d. 1882)
    • 1800 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (d. 1878)
    • 1808 – Henry Edward Manning, English cardinal (d. 1892)
    • 1812 – James Hope-Scott, English lawyer and academic (d. 1873)
    • 1817 – Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet, English engineer, designed the Forth Bridge (d. 1898)
    • 1827 – W. W. Thayer American lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of Oregon (d. 1899)
    • 1848 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist and sociologist (d. 1923)
    • 1850 – Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American nun and saint (d. 1917)
    • 1852 – Josef Josephi, Polish-born singer and actor (d. 1920)
    • 1858 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English political activist and suffragist (d. 1928)
    • 1864 – Marie Tempest, English actress and singer (d. 1942)
    • 1865 – Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, Anglo-Irish businessman and publisher, founded the Amalgamated Press (d. 1922)
    • 1865 – Wilhelm Wirtinger, Austrian-German mathematician and theorist (d. 1945)
    • 1867 – Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French physician and explorer (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Doppo Kunikida, Japanese journalist, author, and poet (d. 1908)
    • 1880 – Enrique Mosca, Argentinian lawyer and politician (d. 1950)
    • 1887 – Wharton Esherick, American sculptor (d. 1970)
    • 1892 – Walter Benjamin, German philosopher and critic (d. 1940)
    • 1893 – Enid Bennett, Australian-American actress (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – Dick Rauch, American football player and coach (d. 1970)
    • 1894 – Tadeusz Sendzimir, Polish-American engineer (d. 1989)
    • 1899 – Seán Lemass, Irish soldier and politician, 4th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Jean Rey, Belgian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the European Commission (d. 1983)
    • 1903 – Walter D. Edmonds, American journalist and author (d. 1998)
    • 1903 – K. Kamaraj, Indian journalist and politician (d. 1975)
    • 1904 – Rudolf Arnheim, German-American psychologist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1905 – Dorothy Fields, American songwriter (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Anita Farra, Italian actress (d. 2008)
    • 1906 – R. S. Mugali, Indian poet and academic (d. 1993)
    • 1906 – Rudolf Uhlenhaut, English-German engineer (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Jean Hamburger, French physician and surgeon (d. 1992)
    • 1911 – Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton, English geographer and politician, Secretary of State for Air (d. 1994)
    • 1913 – Cowboy Copas, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1963)
    • 1913 – Hammond Innes, English journalist and author (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Abraham Sutzkever, Russian poet and author (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist, scholar, and activist (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Howard Vernon, Swiss-French actor (d. 1996)
    • 1915 – Albert Ghiorso, American chemist and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1915 – Kashmir Singh Katoch, Indian army officer (d. 2007)
    • 1916 – Sumner Gerard, American politician and diplomat (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Robert Conquest, English-American historian, poet, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1917 – Joan Roberts, American actress and singer (d. 2012)
    • 1917 – Nur Muhammad Taraki, Afghan journalist and politician (d. 1979)
    • 1918 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
    • 1918 – Brenda Milner, English-Canadian neuropsychologist and academic
    • 1919 – Fritz Langanke, German lieutenant (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Iris Murdoch, Anglo-Irish British novelist and philosopher (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Jack Beeson, American pianist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Henri Colpi, Swiss-French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Robert Bruce Merrifield, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Jean Heywood, British actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – Leon M. Lederman, American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1922 – Jean-Pierre Richard, French writer (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Francisco de Andrade, Portuguese sailor
    • 1924 – Jeremiah Denton, American admiral and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Marianne Bernadotte, Swedish actress and philanthropist
    • 1925 – Philip Carey, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1925 – Taylor Hardwick, American architect, designed Haydon Burns Library and Friendship Fountain Park (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – D. A. Pennebaker, American documentary filmmaker (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Evan Hultman, American politician
    • 1925 – Antony Carbone, American actor
    • 1925 – Pandel Savic, American football player (d. 2018)
    • 1926 – Driss Chraïbi, Moroccan-French journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentinian general and politician, 44th President of Argentina (d. 2003)
    • 1926 – Raymond Gosling, English physicist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1926 – Sir John Graham, 4th Baronet, English diplomat (d. 2019)
    • 1927 – Nan Martin, American actress (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Carmen Zapata, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Håkon Brusveen, Norwegian cross-country skier
    • 1928 – Carl Woese, American microbiologist and biophysicist (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Viramachaneni Vimla Devi, Indian parliamentarian (d. 1967)
    • 1929 – Charles Anthony, American tenor and actor (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Francis Bebey, Cameroonian-French guitarist (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Ian Stewart, Scottish race car driver (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Richard Garneau, Canadian journalist and sportscaster (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Stephen Smale, American mathematician and computer scientist
    • 1930 – Einosuke Akiya, Japanese Buddhist leader
    • 1931 – Clive Cussler, American archaeologist and author (d. 2020)
    • 1931 – Joanna Merlin, American actress and casting director
    • 1931 – Jacques-Yvan Morin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Deputy Premier of Quebec
    • 1932 – Ed Litzenberger, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – Guido Crepax, Italian author and illustrator (d. 2003)
    • 1933 – M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian author and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Harrison Birtwistle, English composer and academic
    • 1934 – Eva Krížiková, Czech actress (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – Risto Jarva, Finnish director and producer (d. 1977)
    • 1935 – Donn Clendenon, American baseball player and lawyer (d. 2005)
    • 1935 – Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Ken Kercheval, American actor and director (d. 2019)
    • 1936 – George Voinovich, American lawyer and politician, 65th Governor of Ohio (d. 2016)
    • 1937 – Prabhash Joshi, Indian journalist (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Ernie Barnes, American football player, actor, and painter (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Carmen Callil, Australian publisher, founded Virago Press
    • 1938 – Barry Goldwater, Jr., American lawyer and politician
    • 1939 – Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Portuguese economist and politician, 19th President of the Portuguese Republic
    • 1940 – Denis Héroux, Canadian director and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Ronald Gene Simmons, American sergeant and convicted murderer (d. 1990)
    • 1940 – Robert Winston, English surgeon, academic, and politician
    • 1942 – Vivian Malone Jones, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)
    • 1943 – Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Northern Irish astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
    • 1944 – Millie Jackson, American singer-songwriter
    • 1945 – Jan-Michael Vincent, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – David Arthur Granger, Guyanese politician, 9th President of Guyana
    • 1945 – Peter Lewis (musician), American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Jürgen Möllemann, German soldier and politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany (d. 2003)
    • 1946 – Linda Ronstadt, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1946 – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei
    • 1947 – Peter Banks, English guitarist and songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Lydia Davis, American short story writer, novelist, and essayist
    • 1947 – Pridiyathorn Devakula, Thai economist and politician, Thai Minister of Finance
    • 1947 – Roky Erickson, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019)
    • 1948 – Twinkle, English singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1948 – Dimosthenis Kourtovik, Greek anthropologist and critic
    • 1948 – Artimus Pyle, American rock drummer and songwriter (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
    • 1949 – Carl Bildt, Swedish politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Sweden
    • 1949 – Trevor Horn, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1949 – Richard Russo, American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Colin Barnett, Australian economist and politician, 29th Premier of Western Australia
    • 1950 – Arianna Huffington, Greek-American journalist and publisher (The Huffington Post)
    • 1951 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1951 – Jesse Ventura, American wrestler, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of Minnesota
    • 1952 – David Pack, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1952 – Celia Imrie, English actress
    • 1952 – Terry O’Quinn, American actor
    • 1952 – Marky Ramone, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1952 – Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1991)
    • 1953 – Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Haitian priest and politician, 49th President of Haiti
    • 1953 – Sultanah Haminah, Malaysian royal consort
    • 1953 – Mohamad Shahrum Osman, Malaysian politician
    • 1953 – Alicia Bridges, American singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – John Ferguson, Australian rugby league player
    • 1954 – Jeff Jarvis, American journalist and blogger
    • 1954 – Giorgos Kaminis, American-Greek lawyer and politician, 78th Mayor of Athens
    • 1954 – Mario Kempes, Argentinian footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Ashoke Sen, Indian theoretical physicist and string theorist
    • 1956 – Ian Curtis, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Joy Division) (d. 1980)
    • 1956 – Nicholas Harberd, British botanist, educator and academician
    • 1956 – Barry Melrose, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1956 – Steve Mortimer, Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator
    • 1956 – Joe Satriani, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1956 – Wayne Taylor, South African race car driver
    • 1958 – Gary Heale, English footballer and coach
    • 1958 – Mac Thornberry, American lawyer and politician
    • 1959 – Vincent Lindon, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Kim Alexis, American fashion model
    • 1961 – Lolita Davidovich, Canadian actress
    • 1961 – Jean-Christophe Grangé, French journalist and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Scott Ritter, American soldier and international weapons inspector
    • 1961 – Forest Whitaker, American actor
    • 1962 – Nikos Filippou, Greek basketball player and manager
    • 1962 – Michelle Ford, Australian swimmer
    • 1963 – Brigitte Nielsen, Danish-Italian actress
    • 1963 – Steve Thomas, English-Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Alistair Carmichael, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1965 – Gero Miesenböck, Austrian neuroscientist and educator
    • 1965 – David Miliband, English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
    • 1966 – Jason Bonham, English singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1966 – Irène Jacob, French-Swiss actress
    • 1967 – Adam Savage, American actor and special effects designer
    • 1967 – Elbert West, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1968 – Eddie Griffin, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1969 – Ain Tammus, Estonian footballer and coach
    • 1970 – Tarkan Gözübüyük, Turkish bass player and producer
    • 1972 – Scott Foley, American actor
    • 1973 – Brian Austin Green, American actor
    • 1975 – Cherry, American wrestler and manager
    • 1975 – Danny Law, English cricketer
    • 1975 – Ben Pepper, Australian basketball player
    • 1976 – Steve Cunningham, American boxer
    • 1976 – Marco Di Vaio, Italian footballer
    • 1976 – Diane Kruger, German actress and model
    • 1976 – Gabriel Iglesias, Mexican-American comedian and voice actor
    • 1977 – André Nel, South African cricketer
    • 1977 – Lana Parrilla, American actress
    • 1977 – John St. Clair, American football player
    • 1977 – Ray Toro, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Miguel Olivo, Dominican baseball player
    • 1979 – Laura Benanti, American actress and singer
    • 1979 – Alexander Frei, Swiss footballer
    • 1979 – Edda Garðarsdóttir, Icelandic footballer
    • 1979 – Renata Kučerová, Czech tennis player
    • 1980 – Reggie Abercrombie, American baseball player
    • 1980 – BxB Hulk, Japanese professional wrestler
    • 1980 – Jonathan Cheechoo, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (d. 2017)
    • 1981 – Alou Diarra, French footballer
    • 1981 – Petros Klampanis, Greek bassist and composer
    • 1981 – Marius Stankevičius, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1982 – Alan Pérez, Spanish cyclist
    • 1982 – Neemia Tialata, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1982 – Aída Yéspica, Venezuelan model and actress
    • 1983 – Nelson Merlo, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1983 – Will Rudge, English cricketer
    • 1983 – Heath Slater, American wrestler
    • 1984 – Angelo Siniscalchi, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Veronika Velez-Zuzulová, Slovak skier
    • 1985 – Sanjeev, Tamil actor
    • 1985 – Tomer Kapon, Israeli actor
    • 1986 – Tyler Kennedy, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1988 – Riki Christodoulou, English race car driver
    • 1989 – Steven Jahn, German footballer
    • 1989 – Alisa Kleybanova, Russian tennis player
    • 1989 – Anthony Randolph, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Zach Bogosian, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Damian Lillard, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Danilo, Brazilian footballer
    • 1991 – Derrick Favors, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Evgeny Tishchenko, Russian boxer
    • 1992 – Tobias Harris, American basketball player
    • 1992 – Hokutōfuji Daiki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1992 – Wayde van Niekerk, South African sprinter
    • 1993 – Håvard Nielsen, Norwegian footballer

    Deaths on July 15

    • 756 – Yang Guifei, consort of Xuan Zong (b. 719)
    • 998 – Abū al-Wafā’ Būzjānī, Persian mathematician and astronomer (b. 940)
    • 1015 – Vladimir the Great, Grand prince of Kievan Rus’ (b. c. 958)
    • 1274 – Bonaventure, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1221)
    • 1291 – Rudolf I of Germany (b. 1218)
    • 1299 – King Eric II of Norway (b. c. 1268)
    • 1381 – John Ball, English Lollard priest
    • 1388 – Agnes of Durazzo, titular Latin empress consort of Constantinople (d. 1313)
    • 1397 – Catherine of Henneberg, German ruler (b. c. 1334)
    • 1406 – William, Duke of Austria
    • 1410 – Ulrich von Jungingen, German Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (b. 1360)
    • 1445 – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland
    • 1542 – Lisa del Giocondo, subject of Leonardo da Vinci’s painting Mona Lisa (b. 1479)
    • 1544 – René of Châlon (b. 1519)
    • 1571 – Shimazu Takahisa, Japanese daimyō (b. 1514)
    • 1609 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter and illustrator (b. 1560)
    • 1614 – Pierre de Bourdeille, seigneur de Brantôme, French soldier, historian, and author (b. 1540)
    • 1655 – Girolamo Rainaldi, Italian architect (b. 1570)
    • 1685 – James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, Dutch-English general and politician, Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull (b. 1649)
    • 1750 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (b. 1686)
    • 1765 – Charles-André van Loo, French painter (b. 1705)
    • 1767 – Michael Bruce, Scottish poet and composer (b. 1746)
    • 1789 – Jacques Duphly, French harpsichord player and composer (b. 1715)
    • 1828 – Jean-Antoine Houdon, French sculptor (b. 1741)
    • 1839 – Winthrop Mackworth Praed, English poet and politician (b. 1802)
    • 1844 – Claude Charles Fauriel, French philologist and historian (b. 1772)
    • 1851 – Juan Felipe Ibarra, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1787)
    • 1857 – Carl Czerny, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1791)
    • 1858 – Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (b. 1806)
    • 1883 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer (b. 1838)
    • 1885 – Rosalía de Castro, Spanish author and poet (b. 1837)
    • 1890 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (b. 1819)
    • 1898 – Jean-Baptiste Salpointe, French-American archbishop (d. 1825)
    • 1904 – Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short story writer (b. 1860)
    • 1919 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
    • 1929 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1874)
    • 1930 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1845)
    • 1931 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian-German economist and mathematician (b. 1868)
    • 1932 – Bahíyyih Khánum, Iranian writer and leader in the Baha’i faith (b. 1846)
    • 1932 – Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven, South African poet and politician (b. 1873)
    • 1933 – Irving Babbitt, American scholar, critic, and academic (b. 1865)
    • 1933 – Freddie Keppard, American cornet player (b. 1890)
    • 1940 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and physician (b. 1857)
    • 1940 – Robert Wadlow, American giant, 8″11′ 271 cm (b.1918)
    • 1942 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1910)
    • 1944 – Marie-Victorin Kirouac, Canadian botanist and academic (b. 1885)
    • 1946 – Razor Smith, English cricketer and coach (b. 1877)
    • 1947 – Walter Donaldson, American soldier and songwriter (b. 1893)
    • 1948 – John J. Pershing, American general (b. 1860)
    • 1953 – Geevarghese Mar Ivanios, Indian archbishop, founded the Order of the Imitation of Christ (b. 1882)
    • 1957 – James M. Cox, American publisher and politician, 46th Governor of Ohio (b. 1870)
    • 1957 – Vasily Maklakov, Russian lawyer and politician (b. 1869)
    • 1959 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer and academic (b. 1880)
    • 1959 – Vance Palmer, Australian author and critic (b. 1885)
    • 1960 – Set Persson, Swedish politician (b. 1897)
    • 1960 – Lawrence Tibbett, American singer and actor (b. 1896)
    • 1961 – John Edward Brownlee, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Alberta (b. 1884)
    • 1961. – Nina Bari, Russian mathematician (b. 1901)
    • 1965 – Francis Cherry, American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Arkansas (b. 1908)
    • 1966 – Seyfi Arkan, Turkish architect (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Christine Chubbuck, American journalist (b. 1944)
    • 1976 – Paul Gallico, American journalist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1977 – Donald Mackay, Australian businessman and activist (b. 1933)
    • 1979 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Mexican academic and politician, 29th President of Mexico, 1964-1970 (b. 1911)
    • 1981 – Frédéric Dorion, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1898)
    • 1982 – Bill Justis, American saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1926)
    • 1986 – Billy Haughton, American harness racer and trainer (b. 1923)
    • 1988 – Eleanor Estes, American librarian, author, and illustrator (b. 1906)
    • 1989 – Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (b. 1956)
    • 1990 – Zaim Topčić, Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (b. 1920)
    • 1990 – Margaret Lockwood, English actress (b. 1916)
    • 1990 – Omar Abu Risha, Syrian poet and diplomat, 4th Syrian Ambassador to the United States (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (b. 1933)
    • 1992 – Hammer DeRoburt, Nauruan educator and politician, 1st President of Nauru (b. 1922)
    • 1992 – Chingiz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani journalist and author (b. 1960)
    • 1997 – Justinas Lagunavičius, Lithuanian basketball player (b. 1924)
    • 1997 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer, founded Versace (b. 1946)
    • 1998 – S. Shanmuganathan, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1960)
    • 2000 – Louis Quilico, Canadian opera singer and educator (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – C. Balasingham, Sri Lankan lawyer and civil servant (b. 1917)
    • 2003 – Roberto Bolaño, Chilean novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essayist (b. 1953)
    • 2003 – Elisabeth Welch, American actress and singer (b. 1904)
    • 2006 – Robert H. Brooks, American businessman, founder of Hooters and Naturally Fresh, Inc. (b. 1937)
    • 2006 – Alireza Shapour Shahbazi, Iranian archaeologist and academic (b. 1942)
    • 2008 – György Kolonics, Hungarian canoe racer (b. 1972)
    • 2010 – James E. Akins, American politician and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia (b. 1926)
    • 2011 – Friedrich Wilhelm Schnitzler, German landowner and politician (b. 1928)
    • 2011 – Googie Withers, British-Australian actress (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Boris Cebotari, Moldovan footballer (b. 1975)
    • 2012 – Tsilla Chelton, Israeli-French actress (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Grant Feasel, American football player (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – David Fraser, English general (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Celeste Holm, American actress and singer (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Yoichi Takabayashi, Japanese director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Ninos Aho, Syrian-American poet and activist (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Henry Braden, American lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Tom Greenwell, American lawyer and judge (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Earl Gros, American football player (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – Noël Lee, Chinese-American pianist and composer (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Meskerem Legesse, Ethiopian runner (b. 1986)
    • 2013 – John T. Riedl, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1962)
    • 2014 – Óscar Acosta, Honduran author, poet, and diplomat (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – James MacGregor Burns, American historian, political scientist, and author (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Saúl Lara, Spanish footballer (b. 1982)
    • 2014 – Edward Perl, American neuroscientist and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Robert A. Roe, American soldier and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Masahiko Aoki, Japanese-American economist and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2015 – Wan Li, Chinese politician, 4th Vice Premier of the People’s Republic of China (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Aubrey Morris, British actor (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (b. 1933)
    • 2017 – Martin Landau, American film and television actor (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on July 15

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)
      • Anne-Marie Javouhey
      • Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden
      • Bonaventure
      • Dispersion of the Apostles (No longer officially celebrated by the Catholic Church)
      • Donald of Ogilvy
      • Edith of Polesworth
      • Edith of Wilton
      • Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
      • Plechelm
      • Quriaqos and Julietta
      • Swithun
      • Vladimir the Great (Eastern Orthodox; Catholic Church)
      • July 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Birthday of Don Luis Muñoz Rivera can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July. (Puerto Rico)
    • Earliest day on which Galla Bayramy can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Sunday of July. (Turkmenistan)
    • Earliest day on which Marine Day can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July. (Japan)
    • Earliest day on which President’s Day (Botswana) can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July.
    • Elderly Men Day (Kiribati)
    • Festival of Santa Rosalia (Palermo, Sicily)
    • Sultan’s Birthday (Brunei Darussalam)

  • July 3 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    July 3 in History

    • 324 – Battle of Adrianople: Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium.
    • 987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revolution in 1792.
    • 1035 – William the Conqueror becomes the Duke of Normandy, reigns until 1087.
    • 1608 – Québec City is founded by Samuel de Champlain.
    • 1754 – French and Indian War: George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces.
    • 1767 – Pitcairn Island is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret.
    • 1767 – Norway’s oldest newspaper still in print, Adresseavisen, is founded and the first edition is published.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: Iroquois allied to Britain kill 360 people in the Wyoming Valley massacre.
    • 1819 – The Bank for Savings in the City of New-York, the first savings bank in the United States, opens.
    • 1839 – The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today’s Framingham State University, opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with three students.
    • 1844 – The last pair of great auks is killed.
    • 1848 – Governor-General Peter von Scholten emancipates all remaining slaves in the Danish West Indies.
    • 1849 – France invades the Roman Republic and restores the Papal States.
    • 1852 – Congress establishes the United States’ 2nd mint in San Francisco.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett’s Charge.
    • 1866 – Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgrätz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
    • 1884 – Dow Jones & Company publishes its first stock average.
    • 1886 – Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, the first purpose-built automobile.
    • 1886 – The New-York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
    • 1890 – Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
    • 1898 – A Spanish squadron, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete, is defeated by an American squadron under William T. Sampson in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba.
    • 1913 – Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett’s Charge; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.
    • 1938 – World speed record for a steam locomotive is set in England, by the Mallard, which reaches a speed of 125.88 miles per hour (202.58 km/h).
    • 1938 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates the Eternal Light Peace Memorial and lights the eternal flame at Gettysburg Battlefield.
    • 1940 – World War II: The Royal Navy attacks the French naval squadron in Algeria, to ensure that it will not fall under German control. Of the four French battleships present, one is sunk, two are damaged, and one escapes back to France.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Minsk Offensive clears German troops from the city.
    • 1952 – The Constitution of Puerto Rico is approved by the United States Congress.
    • 1952 – The SS United States sets sail on her maiden voyage to Southampton. During the voyage, the ship takes the Blue Riband away from the RMS Queen Mary.
    • 1967 – The Aden Emergency: The Battle of the Crater in which the British Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders retake the Crater district following the Arab Police mutiny.
    • 1969 – Space Race: The biggest explosion in the history of rocketry occurs when the Soviet N-1 rocket explodes and subsequently destroys its launchpad.
    • 1970 – The Troubles: The “Falls Curfew” begins in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
    • 1970 – Dan-Air Flight 1903 crashes into the Les Agudes mountain in the Montseny Massif near the village of Arbúcies in Catalonia, Spain, killing all 112 people aboard.
    • 1979 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul.
    • 1988 – United States Navy warship USS Vincennes shoots down Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 people aboard.
    • 1988 – The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus.
    • 1996 – British Prime Minister John Major announced the Stone of Scone would be returned to Scotland.
    • 2013 – Egyptian coup d’état: President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi is overthrown by the military after four days of protests all over the country calling for Morsi’s resignation, to which he did not respond. President of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt Adly Mansour is declared acting president.

    Births on July 3

    • 321 – Valentinian I, Roman emperor (d. 375)
    • 1423 – Louis XI of France (d. 1483)
    • 1442 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (d. 1500)
    • 1518 – Li Shizhen, Chinese physician and mineralogist (d. 1593)
    • 1530 – Claude Fauchet, French historian and author (d. 1601)
    • 1534 – Myeongjong of Joseon, Ruler of Korea (d. 1567)
    • 1550 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (d. 1591)
    • 1569 – Thomas Richardson, English politician and judge (d. 1635)
    • 1683 – Edward Young, English poet, dramatist and literary critic (Night-Thoughts) (d. 1765)
    • 1685 – Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, English field marshal and politician (d. 1768)
    • 1728 – Robert Adam, Scottish-English architect, designed Culzean Castle (d. 1792)
    • 1738 – John Singleton Copley, American painter (d. 1815)
    • 1778 – Carl Ludvig Engel, German architect (d. 1840)
    • 1789 – Johann Friedrich Overbeck, German-Italian painter and engraver (d. 1869)
    • 1814 – Ferdinand Didrichsen, Danish botanist and physicist (d. 1887)
    • 1823 – Ahmed Vefik Pasha, Greek-Ottoman statesman, diplomat, playwright, and translator (d. 1891)
    • 1844 – Dankmar Adler, German-born American architect and engineer (d. 1900)
    • 1846 – Achilles Alferaki, Russian composer and politician, Governor of Taganrog (d. 1919)
    • 1851 – Charles Bannerman, English-Australian cricketer and umpire (d. 1930)
    • 1854 – Leoš Janáček, Czech composer and theorist (d. 1928)
    • 1860 – Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American sociologist and author (d. 1935)
    • 1866 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (d. 1906)
    • 1869 – Svend Kornbeck, Danish actor (d. 1933)
    • 1870 – R. B. Bennett, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)
    • 1871 – William Henry Davies, Welsh poet and writer (d.1940)
    • 1874 – Jean Collas, French rugby player and tug of war competitor (d. 1928)
    • 1875 – Ferdinand Sauerbruch, German surgeon and academic (d. 1951)
    • 1876 – Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher and academic (d. 1957)
    • 1878 – George M. Cohan, American songwriter, actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1942)
    • 1879 – Alfred Korzybski, Polish-American mathematician, linguist, and philosopher (d. 1950)
    • 1880 – Carl Schuricht, Polish-German conductor (d. 1967)
    • 1883 – Franz Kafka, Czech-Austrian author (d. 1924)
    • 1886 – Raymond A. Spruance, American admiral and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Philippines (d. 1969)
    • 1888 – Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Spanish author and playwright (d. 1963)
    • 1889 – Richard Cramer, American actor (d. 1960)
    • 1893 – Sándor Bortnyik, Hungarian painter and graphic designer (d. 1976)
    • 1896 – Doris Lloyd, English actress (d. 1968)
    • 1897 – Jesse Douglas, American mathematician and academic (d. 1965)
    • 1898 – Stefanos Stefanopoulos, Greek politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1982)
    • 1900 – Alessandro Blasetti, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Ruth Crawford Seeger, American composer (d. 1953)
    • 1903 – Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1992)
    • 1905 – Johnny Gibson, American hurdler and coach (d. 2006)
    • 1906 – George Sanders, Russian-born British actor (d. 1972)
    • 1908 – M. F. K. Fisher, American author (d. 1992)
    • 1908 – Robert B. Meyner, American lawyer and politician, 44th Governor of New Jersey (d. 1990)
    • 1909 – Stavros Niarchos, Greek shipping magnate (d.1996)
    • 1910 – Fritz Kasparek, Austrian mountaineer (d. 1954)
    • 1911 – Joe Hardstaff Jr., English cricketer (d. 1990)
    • 1913 – Dorothy Kilgallen, American journalist, actress, and author (d. 1965)
    • 1916 – John Kundla, American basketball player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1917 – João Saldanha, Brazilian footballer, manager, and journalist (d. 1990)
    • 1918 – S. V. Ranga Rao, Indian actor, director, and producer (d. 1974)
    • 1918 – Johnny Palmer, American golfer (d. 2006)
    • 1919 – Cecil FitzMaurice, 8th Earl of Orkney (d. 1998)
    • 1919 – Gerald W. Thomas, American soldier and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Eddy Paape, Belgian illustrator (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Paul O’Dea, American baseball player and manager (d. 1978)
    • 1921 – Susan Peters, American actress (d. 1952)
    • 1921 – François Reichenbach, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
    • 1922 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo, Belgian painter and sculptor (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Theo Brokmann Jr., Dutch football player (d. 2003)
    • 1924 – Amalia Aguilar, Cuban-Mexican film actress and dancer
    • 1924 – S. R. Nathan, 6th President of Singapore (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Terry Moriarty, Australian rules footballer (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Danny Nardico, American professional boxer (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Philip Jamison, American artist
    • 1926 – Johnny Coles, American trumpet player (d. 1997)
    • 1926 – Rae Allen, American actress, singer, and director
    • 1926 – Laurence Street, Australian jurist and former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Ken Russell, English actor, director, and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1927 – Tim O’Connor, American actor (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Evelyn Anthony, English author (d. 2018)
    • 1929 – Clément Perron, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1929 – Joanne Herring, American socialite, businesswoman, political activist, philanthropist, diplomat, and television talk show host
    • 1930 – Pete Fountain, American clarinet player (d. 2016)
    • 1930 – Carlos Kleiber, German-Austrian conductor (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Tommy Tedesco, American guitarist (d. 1997)
    • 1932 – Richard Mellon Scaife, American businessman (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Edward Brandt, Jr., American physician and mathematician (d. 2007)
    • 1935 – Cheo Feliciano, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Harrison Schmitt, American geologist, astronaut, and politician
    • 1936 – Anthony Lester, Baron Lester of Herne Hill, English lawyer and politician
    • 1936 – Baard Owe, Norwegian-Danish actor
    • 1937 – Nicholas Maxwell, English philosopher and academic
    • 1937 – Tom Stoppard, Czech-English playwright and screenwriter
    • 1938 – Jean Aitchison, English linguist and academic
    • 1939 – Brigitte Fassbaender, German soprano and director
    • 1939 – László Kovács, Hungarian politician and diplomat, Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1939 – Coco Laboy, Puerto Rican baseball player
    • 1940 – Lamar Alexander, American lawyer and politician, 5th United States Secretary of Education
    • 1940 – Jerzy Buzek, Polish engineer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1940 – Lance Larson, American swimmer
    • 1940 – César Tovar, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1994)
    • 1941 – Gloria Allred, American lawyer and activist
    • 1941 – Liamine Zéroual, Algerian politician, 4th President of Algeria
    • 1942 – Eddy Mitchell, French singer-songwriter
    • 1943 – Gary Waldhorn, British actor
    • 1943 – Judith Durham, Australian folk-pop singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1943 – Kurtwood Smith, American actor
    • 1943 – Norman E. Thagard, American astronaut
    • 1945 – Michael Cole, American actor
    • 1945 – Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn, Scottish politician, Speaker of the House of Commons (d. 2018)
    • 1946 – Johnny Lee, American singer and guitarist
    • 1946 – Leszek Miller, Polish political scientist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1946 – Michael Shea, American author (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Dave Barry, American journalist and author
    • 1947 – Betty Buckley, American actress and singer
    • 1947 – Mike Burton, American swimmer
    • 1948 – Paul Barrere, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Tarmo Koivisto, Finnish author and illustrator
    • 1949 – Susan Penhaligon, English actress
    • 1949 – John Verity, English guitarist
    • 1949 – Johnnie Wilder, Jr., American singer (d. 2006)
    • 1949 – Bo Xilai, Chinese politician, Chinese Minister of Commerce
    • 1950 – Ewen Chatfield, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1950 – James Hahn, American judge and politician, 40th Mayor of Los Angeles
    • 1951 – Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haitian politician, 41st President of Haiti (d. 2014)
    • 1951 – Richard Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer and footballer
    • 1952 – Laura Branigan, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1952 – Lu Colombo, Italian singer
    • 1952 – Andy Fraser, English singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2015)
    • 1952 – Carla Olson, American singer-songwriter and music producer
    • 1952 – Wasim Raja, Pakistani cricketer (d. 2006)
    • 1952 – Amit Kumar, Indian film playback singer, actor, director, music director and musician
    • 1953 – Lotta Sollander, Swedish alpine skier
    • 1954 – Les Cusworth, English rugby player
    • 1955 – Claude Rajotte, Canadian radio and television host
    • 1956 – Montel Williams, American talk show host and television personality
    • 1957 – Poly Styrene, British musician (d. 2011)
    • 1958 – Matthew Fraser, Canadian-English journalist and academic
    • 1958 – Charlie Higson, English actor, singer, and author
    • 1958 – Siân Lloyd, Welsh meteorologist and journalist
    • 1958 – Didier Mouron, Swiss-Canadian painter
    • 1958 – Aaron Tippin, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1959 – Julie Burchill, English journalist and author
    • 1959 – Ian Maxtone-Graham, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1959 – Stephen Pearcy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1959 – David Shore, Canadian screenwriter and producer
    • 1960 – Vince Clarke, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1962 – Scott Borchetta, American record executive and entrepreneur
    • 1962 – Tom Cruise, American actor and producer
    • 1964 – Yeardley Smith, American actress, voice actress, comedian and writer
    • 1965 – Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese wrestler (d. 2005)
    • 1965 – Connie Nielsen, Danish-American actress
    • 1965 – Komsan Pohkong, Thai lawyer and academic
    • 1965 – Christophe Ruer, French pentathlete (d. 2007)
    • 1966 – Moisés Alou, American baseball player
    • 1967 – Katy Clark, Scottish lawyer and politician
    • 1968 – Ramush Haradinaj, Kosovo-Albanian soldier and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Kosovo
    • 1970 – Serhiy Honchar, Ukrainian cyclist
    • 1970 – Audra McDonald, American actress and singer
    • 1970 – Teemu Selänne, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1971 – Julian Assange, Australian journalist, publisher, and activist, founded WikiLeaks
    • 1973 – Paul Rauhihi, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1973 – Ólafur Stefánsson, Icelandic handball player
    • 1973 – Fyodor Tuvin, Russian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1976 – Wade Belak, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2011)
    • 1976 – Henry Olonga, Zimbabwean cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Wanderlei Silva, Brazilian-American mixed martial artist
    • 1976 – Bobby Skinstad, Zimbabwean-South African rugby union player
    • 1977 – David Bowens, American football player
    • 1978 – Mizuki Noguchi, Japanese runner
    • 1979 – Jamie Grove, English cricketer
    • 1980 – Mazharul Haque, Bangladeshi cricketer (d. 2013)
    • 1980 – Roland Schoeman, South African swimmer
    • 1980 – Harbhajan Singh, Indian cricketer
    • 1983 – Edinson Vólquez, Dominican baseball player
    • 1984 – Manny Lawson, American football player
    • 1984 – Churandy Martina, Dutch sprinter
    • 1984 – Corey Sevier, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1986 – Marco Antônio de Mattos Filho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1986 – Kisenosato Yutaka, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1987 – Sebastian Vettel, German race car driver
    • 1988 – Winston Reid, New Zealand-Danish footballer
    • 1988 – Vladislav Sesganov, Russian figure skater
    • 1988 – James Troisi, Australian footballer
    • 1989 – Mitchell Dodds, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Elle King, American singer, songwriter, and actress
    • 1990 – Nathan Gardner, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Bobby Hopkinson, English footballer
    • 1990 – Lucas Mendes, Brazilian footballer
    • 1991 – Alison Howie, Scottish field hockey player
    • 1991 – Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, Russian tennis player
    • 1992 – Will Smith, Australian rugby league player
    • 1994 – Ben Winchell, American actor

    Deaths on July 3

    • 458 – Anatolius of Constantinople, Byzantine patriarch and saint (b. 449)
    • 710 – Emperor Zhongzong of Tang (b. 656)
    • 896 – Dong Chang, Chinese warlord
    • 964 – Henry I, Frankish nobleman and archbishop
    • 1090 – Egbert II, Margrave of Meissen (b. c. 1060)
    • 1288 – Stephen de Fulbourn, English-born Irish cleric and politician
    • 1503 – Pierre d’Aubusson, Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes (b. 1423)
    • 1570 – Aonio Paleario, Italian academic and reformer (b. 1500)
    • 1642 – Marie de’ Medici, French queen consort and regent (b. 1573)
    • 1672 – Francis Willughby, English ornithologist and ichthyologist (b. 1635)
    • 1749 – William Jones, Welsh-English mathematician and academic (b. 1675)
    • 1790 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l’Isle, French geologist and mineralogist (b. 1736)
    • 1795 – Louis-Georges de Bréquigny, French scholar and author (b. 1714)
    • 1795 – Antonio de Ulloa, Spanish general, astronomer, and politician, 1st Colonial Governor of Louisiana (b. 1716)
    • 1809 – Joseph Quesnel, French-Canadian composer and playwright (b. 1746)
    • 1863 – George Hull Ward, American general (b. 1826)
    • 1863 – Little Crow, American tribal leader (b. 1810)
    • 1881 – Hasan Tahsini, Albanian astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1811)
    • 1887 – Clay Allison, American rancher (b. 1841)
    • 1888 – Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Vietnamese poet and author (b. 1822)
    • 1904 – Édouard Beaupré, Canadian giant and strongman (b. 1881)
    • 1904 – Theodor Herzl, Austrian journalist and playwright (b. 1860)
    • 1908 – Joel Chandler Harris, American journalist and author (b. 1845)
    • 1916 – Hetty Green, American businesswoman and financier (b. 1834)
    • 1918 – Mehmed V, Ottoman sultan (b. 1844)
    • 1921 – James Mitchel, Irish-American weight thrower (b. 1864)
    • 1927 – Gérard de Courcelles, French race car driver
    • 1933 – Hipólito Yrigoyen, Argentinian educator and politician, 19th President of Argentina (b. 1852)
    • 1935 – André Citroën, French engineer and businessman, founded the Citroën Company (b. 1878)
    • 1937 – Jacob Schick, American-Canadian captain and businessman, invented the electric razor (b. 1877)
    • 1940 – Nicolae Bivol, Moldovan businessman and politician, Mayor of Chișinău (b. 1882)
    • 1941 – Friedrich Akel, Estonian physician and politician, Head of State of Estonia (b. 1871)
    • 1954 – Siegfried Handloser, German physician and general (b. 1895)
    • 1954 – Reginald Marsh, French-American painter, illustrator, and academic (b. 1898)
    • 1957 – Dolf Luque, Cuban baseball player and manager (b. 1890)
    • 1957 – Richard Mohaupt, German composer and Kapellmeister (b. 1904)
    • 1958 – Charles Bathurst, 1st Viscount Bledisloe, English politician, 4th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1867)
    • 1969 – Brian Jones, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1942)
    • 1971 – Jim Morrison, American singer-songwriter (b. 1943)
    • 1974 – John Crowe Ransom, American poet and critic (b. 1888)
    • 1977 – Alexander Volkov, Russian mathematician and author (b. 1891)
    • 1978 – James Daly, American actor (b. 1918)
    • 1979 – Louis Durey, French pianist and composer (b. 1888)
    • 1981 – Ross Martin, American actor and director (b. 1920)
    • 1985 – Frank J. Selke, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (b. 1893)
    • 1986 – Rudy Vallée, American singer, saxophonist, and actor (b. 1901)
    • 1989 – Jim Backus, American actor and voice artist (b. 1913)
    • 1993 – Don Drysdale, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1936)
    • 1994 – Lew Hoad, Australian tennis player and coach (b. 1934)
    • 1995 – Pancho Gonzales, American tennis player (b. 1928)
    • 1995 – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
    • 1998 – Danielle Bunten Berry, American game designer and programmer (b. 1949)
    • 1999 – Mark Sandman, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1952)
    • 1999 – Pelageya Polubarinova-Kochina, Russian mathematician (b. 1899)
    • 1999 – Manoj Kumar Pandey,Param Vir ChakraIndian army personnel
    • 2001 – Mordecai Richler, Canadian author and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 2001 – Johnny Russell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
    • 2004 – Andriyan Nikolayev, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1929)
    • 2005 – Alberto Lattuada, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Gaylord Nelson, American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1916)
    • 2006 – Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist, developed the OBJ programming language (b. 1941)
    • 2007 – Boots Randolph, American saxophonist (b. 1927)
    • 2008 – Clive Hornby, English actor and drummer (b. 1944)
    • 2008 – Oliver Schroer, Canadian fiddler, composer, and producer (b. 1956)
    • 2009 – Alauddin Al-Azad, Bangladeshi author and poet (b.1932)
    • 2009 – John Keel, American journalist and author (b. 1930)
    • 2010 – Abu Daoud, Palestinian terrorist, planned the Munich massacre (b. 1937)
    • 2011 – Ali Bahar, Bahraini singer and guitarist (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – Nguyễn Hữu Có, Vietnamese general and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Andy Griffith, American actor, singer, and producer (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Yvonne B. Miller, American educator and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Sergio Pininfarina, Italian engineer and politician (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Richard Alvin Tonry, American lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Roman Bengez, Slovenian footballer and manager (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Francis Ray, American author (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – PJ Torokvei, Canadian actress and screenwriter (b. 1951)
    • 2013 – Radu Vasile, Romanian historian and politician, 57th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Bernard Vitet, French trumpet player and composer (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Snoo Wilson, English playwright and screenwriter (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Jini Dellaccio, American photographer (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Tim Flood, Irish hurler and coach (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Volkmar Groß, German footballer (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Ira Ruskin, American politician (b. 1943)
    • 2014 – Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, Ukrainian-American rabbi and author (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Diana Douglas, British-American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Boyd K. Packer, American religious leader and educator (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Wayne Townsend, American farmer and politician (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Phil Walsh, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1960)
    • 2020 – Saroj Khan, Indian dance choreographer, known as “The Mother of Dance/Choreography in India”.(b. 1948)

    Holidays and observances on July 3

    • Christian feast day:
      • Anatolius of Constantinople
      • Anatolius of Laodicea
      • Dathus
      • Germanus of Man
      • Gurthiern
      • Heliodorus of Altino
      • Mucian
      • Peregrina Mogas Fontcuberta
      • Pope Leo II
      • Thomas the Apostle
      • July 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Emancipation Day (United States Virgin Islands)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the liberation of Minsk from Nazi occupation by Soviet troops in 1944 (Belarus)
    • The start of the Dog Days according to the Old Farmer’s Almanac but not according to established meaning in most European cultures
    • Women’s Day (Myanmar)

  • July 1 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    It is the last day of the first half of the year. The end of this day marks the halfway point of a leap year. It also falls on the same day of the week as New Year’s Day in a leap year. The midpoint of the year for southern hemisphere DST countries occurs at 11:00 p.m.

    • AD 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
    • 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the Ostrogoth king, Totila, is mortally wounded.
    • 1097 – Battle of Dorylaeum: Crusaders led by prince Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Seljuk army led by sultan Kilij Arslan I.
    • 1431 – The Battle of La Higueruela takes place in Granada, leading to a modest advance of the Kingdom of Castile during the Reconquista.
    • 1520 – Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés fight their way out of Tenochtitlan after nightfall.
    • 1523 – Jan van Essen and Hendrik Vos become the first Lutheran martyrs, burned at the stake by Roman Catholic authorities in Brussels.
    • 1569 – Union of Lublin: The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania confirm a real union; the united country is called the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or the Republic of Both Nations.
    • 1643 – First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians (“divines”) and members of the Parliament of England appointed to restructure the Church of England, at Westminster Abbey in London.
    • 1690 – Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne in Ireland (as reckoned under the Julian calendar).
    • 1766 – François-Jean de la Barre, a young French nobleman, is tortured and beheaded before his body is burnt on a pyre along with a copy of Voltaire’s Dictionnaire philosophique nailed to his torso for the crime of not saluting a Roman Catholic religious procession in Abbeville, France.
    • 1770 – Lexell’s Comet is seen closer to the Earth than any other comet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.0146 astronomical units (2,180,000 km; 1,360,000 mi).
    • 1782 – Raid on Lunenburg: American privateers attack the British settlement of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.
    • 1819 – Johann Georg Tralles discovers the Great Comet of 1819, (C/1819 N1). It was the first comet analyzed using polarimetry, by François Arago.
    • 1837 – A system of civil registration of births, marriages and deaths is established in England and Wales.
    • 1855 – Signing of the Quinault Treaty: The Quinault and the Quileute cede their land to the United States.
    • 1858 – Joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace’s papers on evolution to the Linnean Society of London.
    • 1862 – The Russian State Library is founded as the Library of the Moscow Public Museum.
    • 1862 – Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Louis of Hesse, the future Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: The Battle of Malvern Hill takes place. It is the last of the Seven Days Battles, part of George B. McClellan’s Peninsula Campaign.
    • 1863 – Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Gettysburg begins.
    • 1867 – The British North America Act takes effect as the Province of Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia join into confederation to create the modern nation of Canada. Sir John A. Macdonald is sworn in as the first Prime Minister of Canada. This date is commemorated annually in Canada as Canada Day, a national holiday.
    • 1870 – The United States Department of Justice formally comes into existence.
    • 1873 – Prince Edward Island joins into Canadian Confederation.
    • 1874 – The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale.
    • 1878 – Canada joins the Universal Postal Union.
    • 1879 – Charles Taze Russell publishes the first edition of the religious magazine The Watchtower.
    • 1881 – The world’s first international telephone call is made between St. Stephen, New Brunswick, Canada, and Calais, Maine, United States.
    • 1881 – General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect.
    • 1885 – The United States terminates reciprocity and fishery agreement with Canada.
    • 1885 – The Congo Free State is established by King Leopold II of Belgium.
    • 1890 – Canada and Bermuda are linked by telegraph cable.
    • 1898 – Spanish–American War: The Battle of San Juan Hill is fought in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
    • 1903 – Start of first Tour de France bicycle race.
    • 1908 – SOS is adopted as the international distress signal.
    • 1911 – Germany despatches the gunship SMS Panther to Morocco, sparking the Agadir Crisis.
    • 1915 – Leutnant Kurt Wintgens of the then-named German Deutsches Heer’s Fliegertruppe army air service achieves the first known aerial victory with a synchronized machine-gun armed fighter plane, the Fokker M.5K/MG Eindecker.
    • 1916 – World War I: First day on the Somme: On the first day of the Battle of the Somme 19,000 soldiers of the British Army are killed and 40,000 wounded.
    • 1922 – The Great Railroad Strike of 1922 begins in the United States.
    • 1923 – The Parliament of Canada suspends all Chinese immigration.
    • 1931 – United Airlines begins service (as Boeing Air Transport).
    • 1931 – Wiley Post and Harold Gatty become the first people to circumnavigate the globe in a single-engined monoplane aircraft.
    • 1932 – Australia’s national broadcaster, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, was formed.
    • 1935 – Regina, Saskatchewan police and Royal Canadian Mounted Police ambush strikers participating in the On-to-Ottawa Trek.
    • 1942 – World War II: First Battle of El Alamein.
    • 1942 – The Australian Federal Government becomes the sole collector of income tax in Australia as State Income Tax is abolished.
    • 1943 – The City of Tokyo and the Prefecture of Tokyo are both replaced by the Tokyo Metropolis.
    • 1947 – The Philippine Air Force is established.
    • 1948 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah (Quaid-i-Azam) inaugurates Pakistan’s central bank, the State Bank of Pakistan.
    • 1949 – The merger of two princely states of India, Cochin and Travancore, into the state of Thiru-Kochi (later re-organized as Kerala) in the Indian Union ends more than 1,000 years of princely rule by the Cochin royal family.
    • 1957 – The International Geophysical Year begins.
    • 1958 – The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation links television broadcasting across Canada via microwave.
    • 1958 – Flooding of Canada’s Saint Lawrence Seaway begins.
    • 1959 – Specific values for the international yard, avoirdupois pound and derived units (e.g. inch, mile and ounce) are adopted after agreement between the US, the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries.
    • 1960 – Independence of Somalia.
    • 1960 – Ghana becomes a republic and Kwame Nkrumah becomes its first President as Queen Elizabeth II ceases to be its head of state.
    • 1962 – Independence of Rwanda and Burundi.
    • 1963 – ZIP codes are introduced for United States mail.
    • 1963 – The British Government admits that former diplomat Kim Philby had worked as a Soviet agent.
    • 1966 – The first color television transmission in Canada takes place from Toronto.
    • 1967 – Merger Treaty: The European Community is formally created out of a merger with the Common Market, the European Coal and Steel Community, and the European Atomic Energy Commission.
    • 1968 – The United States Central Intelligence Agency’s Phoenix Program is officially established.
    • 1968 – The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is signed in Washington, D.C., London and Moscow by sixty-two countries.
    • 1968 – Formal separation of the United Auto Workers from the AFL–CIO in the United States.
    • 1972 – The first Gay pride march in England takes place.
    • 1976 – Portugal grants autonomy to Madeira.
    • 1978 – The Northern Territory in Australia is granted self-government.
    • 1979 – Sony introduces the Walkman.
    • 1980 – “O Canada” officially becomes the national anthem of Canada.
    • 1983 – A North Korean Ilyushin Il-62M jet en route to Conakry Airport in Guinea crashes into the Fouta Djallon mountains in Guinea-Bissau, killing all 23 people on board.
    • 1984 – The PG-13 rating is introduced by the MPAA.
    • 1987 – The American radio station WFAN in New York City is launched as the world’s first all-sports radio station.
    • 1990 – German reunification: East Germany accepts the Deutsche Mark as its currency, thus uniting the economies of East and West Germany.
    • 1991 – Cold War: The Warsaw Pact is officially dissolved at a meeting in Prague.
    • 1997 – China resumes sovereignty over the city-state of Hong Kong, ending 156 years of British colonial rule. The handover ceremony is attended by British Prime Minister Tony Blair, Charles, Prince of Wales, Chinese President Jiang Zemin, and U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.
    • 1999 – The Scottish Parliament is officially opened by Elizabeth II on the day that legislative powers are officially transferred from the old Scottish Office in London to the new devolved Scottish Executive in Edinburgh. In Wales, the powers of the Welsh Secretary are transferred to the National Assembly.
    • 2002 – The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
    • 2002 – Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937, a Tupolev Tu-154, and DHL Flight 611, a Boeing 757, collide in mid-air over Überlingen, southern Germany, killing all 71 on board both planes.
    • 2003 – Over 500,000 people protest against efforts to pass anti-sedition legislation in Hong Kong.
    • 2004 – Saturn orbit insertion of Cassini–Huygens begins at 01:12 UTC and ends at 02:48 UTC.
    • 2006 – The first operation of Qinghai–Tibet Railway is conducted in China.
    • 2007 – Smoking in England is banned in all public indoor spaces.
    • 2008 – Riots erupt in Mongolia in response to allegations of fraud surrounding the 2008 legislative elections.
    • 2013 – Croatia becomes the 28th member of the European Union.

    Births on July 1

    • 1311 – Liu Bowen, Chinese military strategist, statesman and poet (d. 1375)
    • 1464 – Clara Gonzaga, Italian noble (d. 1503)
    • 1481 – Christian II of Denmark (d. 1559)
    • 1506 – Louis II of Hungary (d. 1526)
    • 1534 – Frederick II of Denmark (d. 1588)
    • 1553 – Peter Street, English carpenter and builder (d. 1609)
    • 1574 – Joseph Hall, English bishop and mystic (d. 1656)
    • 1586 – Claudio Saracini, Italian lute player and composer (d. 1630)
    • 1633 – Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian and author (d. 1698)
    • 1646 – Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German mathematician and philosopher (d. 1716)
    • 1663 – Franz Xaver Murschhauser, German composer and theorist (d. 1738)
    • 1725 – Rhoda Delaval, English painter and aristrocrat (d. 1757)
    • 1725 – Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, French general (d. 1807)
    • 1731 – Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan, Scottish-English admiral (d. 1804)
    • 1742 – Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, German physicist and academic (d. 1799)
    • 1771 – Ferdinando Paer, Italian composer and conductor (d. 1839)
    • 1788 – Jean-Victor Poncelet, French mathematician and engineer (d. 1867)
    • 1804 – Charles Gordon Greene, American journalist and politician (d. 1886)
    • 1804 – George Sand, French author and playwright (d. 1876)
    • 1807 – Thomas Green Clemson, American politician and educator, founded Clemson University (d. 1888)
    • 1808 – Ygnacio del Valle, Mexican-American landowner (d. 1880)
    • 1814 – Robert Torrens, Irish-Australian politician, 3rd Premier of South Australia (d. 1884)
    • 1818 – Ignaz Semmelweis, Hungarian-Austrian physician and obstetrician (d. 1865)
    • 1818 – Karl von Vierordt, German physician, psychologist and academic (d. 1884)
    • 1822 – Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Vietnamese poet and activist (d. 1888)
    • 1834 – Jadwiga Łuszczewska, Polish poet and author (d. 1908)
    • 1850 – Florence Earle Coates, American poet (d. 1927)
    • 1858 – Willard Metcalf, American painter (d. 1925)
    • 1858 – Velma Caldwell Melville, American editor and writer of prose and poetry (d. 1924)
    • 1863 – William Grant Stairs, Canadian-English captain and explorer (d. 1892)
    • 1869 – William Strunk Jr., American author and educator (d. 1946)
    • 1872 – Louis Blériot, French pilot and engineer (d. 1936)
    • 1872 – William Duddell, English physicist and engineer (d. 1917)
    • 1873 – Alice Guy-Blaché, French-American film director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1968)
    • 1873 – Andrass Samuelsen, Faroese politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 1954)
    • 1875 – Joseph Weil, American con man (d. 1976)
    • 1876 – T.J. Ryan, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Queensland (d. 1921)
    • 1878 – Jacques Rosenbaum, Estonian-German architect (d. 1944)
    • 1879 – Léon Jouhaux, French union leader, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1954)
    • 1881 – Edward Battersby Bailey, English geologist (d. 1965)
    • 1882 – Bidhan Chandra Roy, Indian physician and politician, 2nd Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 1962)
    • 1883 – Arthur Borton, English colonel, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1933)
    • 1885 – Dorothea Mackellar, Australian author and poet (d. 1968)
    • 1887 – Amber Reeves, New Zealand-English author and scholar (d. 1981)
    • 1892 – James M. Cain, American author and journalist (d. 1977)
    • 1892 – László Lajtha, Hungarian composer and conductor (d. 1963)
    • 1899 – Thomas A. Dorsey, American pianist and composer (d. 1993)
    • 1899 – Charles Laughton, English-American actor and director (d. 1962)
    • 1899 – Konstantinos Tsatsos, Greek scholar and politician, President of Greece (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Irna Phillips, American screenwriter (d. 1973)
    • 1902 – William Wyler, French-American film director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1981)
    • 1903 – Amy Johnson, English pilot (d. 1941)
    • 1903 – Beatrix Lehmann, English actress (d. 1979)
    • 1906 – Jean Dieudonné, French mathematician and academic (d. 1992)
    • 1906 – Estée Lauder, American businesswoman, co-founded the Estée Lauder Companies (d. 2004)
    • 1907 – Norman Pirie, Scottish-English biochemist and virologist (d. 1997)
    • 1909 – Emmett Toppino, American sprinter (d. 1971)
    • 1910 – Glenn Hardin, American hurdler (d. 1975)
    • 1911 – Arnold Alas, Estonian landscape architect and artist (d. 1990)
    • 1911 – Sergey Sokolov, Russian marshal and politician, Soviet Minister of Defence (d. 2012)
    • 1912 – David Brower, American environmentalist, founded Sierra Club Foundation (d. 2000)
    • 1912 – Sally Kirkland, American journalist (d. 1989)
    • 1913 – Frank Barrett, American baseball player (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Lee Guttero, American basketball player (d. 2004)
    • 1913 – Vasantrao Naik, Indian politician, 3rd Chief Minister of Maharashtra (d. 1979)
    • 1914 – Thomas Pearson, British Army officer (d. 2019)
    • 1914 – Christl Cranz, German alpine skier (d. 2004)
    • 1914 – Bernard B. Wolfe, American politician (d. 2016)
    • 1915 – Boots Poffenberger, American baseball player (d. 1999)
    • 1915 – Willie Dixon, American singer-songwriter, bass player, guitarist and producer (d. 1992)
    • 1915 – Joseph Ransohoff, American soldier and neurosurgeon (d. 2001)
    • 1915 – Philip Lever, 3rd Viscount Leverhulme, British peer (d. 2000)
    • 1915 – Nguyễn Văn Linh, Vietnamese politician (d. 1998)
    • 1916 – Olivia de Havilland, British-American actress
    • 1916 – Iosif Shklovsky, Ukrainian astronomer and astrophysicist (d. 1985)
    • 1916 – George C. Stoney, American director and producer (d. 2012)
    • 1917 – Humphry Osmond, English-American lieutenant and psychiatrist (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Álvaro Domecq y Díez, Spanish aristocrat (d. 2005)
    • 1918 – Ralph Young, American singer and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Ahmed Deedat, South African writer and public speaker (d. 2005)
    • 1918 – Pedro Yap, Filipino lawyer (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – Arnold Meri, Estonian colonel (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Malik Dohan al-Hassan, Iraqi politician
    • 1919 – Gerald E. Miller, American vice admiral (d. 2014)
    • 1920 – Henri Amouroux, French historian and journalist (d. 2007)
    • 1920 – Harold Sakata, Japanese-American wrestler and actor (d. 1982)
    • 1920 – Joseph G. Williams, American musician
    • 1920 – George I. Fujimoto, American-Japanese chemist
    • 1921 – Seretse Khama, Batswana lawyer and politician, 1st President of Botswana (d. 1980)
    • 1921 – Michalina Wisłocka, Polish gynecologist and sexologist (d. 2005)
    • 1921 – Arthur Johnson, Canadian canoeist (d. 2003)
    • 1922 – Toshi Seeger, German-American activist, co-founded the Clearwater Festival (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Mordechai Bibi, Israeli politician
    • 1923 – Scotty Bowers, American Marine, author and pimp (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Antoni Ramallets, Spanish footballer and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Florence Stanley, American actress (d. 2003)
    • 1924 – Georges Rivière, French actor
    • 1925 – Farley Granger, American actor (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Art McNally, American football referee
    • 1926 – Robert Fogel, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Carl Hahn, German businessman
    • 1926 – Mohamed Abshir Muse, Somali general (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Hans Werner Henze, German composer and educator (d. 2012)
    • 1927 – Alan J. Charig, English paleontologist and author (d. 1997)
    • 1927 – Joseph Martin Sartoris, American bishop
    • 1927 – Chandra Shekhar, 8th Prime Minister of India (d. 2007)[27]
    • 1929 – Gerald Edelman, American biologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Moustapha Akkad, Syrian-American director and producer (d. 2005)
    • 1930 – Carol Chomsky, American linguist and academic (d. 2008)
    • 1931 – Leslie Caron, French actress and dancer
    • 1932 – Ze’ev Schiff, French-Israeli journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1933 – C. Scott Littleton, American anthropologist and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1934 – Claude Berri, French actor, director and screenwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1934 – Jamie Farr, American actor
    • 1934 – Jean Marsh, English actress and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Sydney Pollack, American actor, director and producer (d. 2008)
    • 1935 – James Cotton, American singer-songwriter and harmonica player (d. 2017)
    • 1935 – David Prowse, English actor
    • 1936 – Wally Amos, American entrepreneur and founder of Famous Amos
    • 1938 – Craig Anderson, American baseball player and coach
    • 1938 – Hariprasad Chaurasia, Indian flute player and composer
    • 1939 – Karen Black, American actress (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Delaney Bramlett, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer (d. 2008)
    • 1940 – Craig Brown, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1940 – Ela Gandhi, South African activist and politician
    • 1940 – Cahit Zarifoğlu, Turkish poet and author (d. 1987)
    • 1941 – Rod Gilbert, Canadian-American ice hockey player
    • 1941 – Alfred G. Gilman, American pharmacologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
    • 1941 – Myron Scholes, Canadian-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – Twyla Tharp, American dancer and choreographer
    • 1942 – Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri, Iraqi field marshal and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1942 – Geneviève Bujold, Canadian actress
    • 1942 – Andraé Crouch, American singer-songwriter, producer and pastor (d. 2015)
    • 1942 – Julia Higgins, English chemist and academic
    • 1943 – Philip Brunelle, American conductor and organist
    • 1943 – Peeter Lepp, Estonian politician, 37th Mayor of Tallinn
    • 1943 – Jeff Wayne, American composer, musician and lyricist
    • 1945 – Mike Burstyn, American actor and singer
    • 1945 – Debbie Harry, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1946 – Mick Aston, English archaeologist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1946 – Erkki Tuomioja, Finnish sergeant and politician, Finnish Minister for Foreign Affairs
    • 1947 – Kazuyoshi Hoshino, Japanese race car driver
    • 1947 – Malcolm Wicks, English academic and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1948 – John Ford, English-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1949 – Néjia Ben Mabrouk, Tunisian-Belgian director and screenwriter
    • 1949 – John Farnham, English-Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1949 – David Hogan, American composer and educator (d. 1996)
    • 1949 – Venkaiah Naidu, Indian lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – David Duke, American white supremacist, politician and former Ku Klux Klan Grand Wizard
    • 1951 – Trevor Eve, English actor and producer
    • 1951 – Anne Feeney, American singer-songwriter and activist
    • 1951 – Julia Goodfellow, English physicist and academic
    • 1951 – Klaus-Peter Justus, German runner
    • 1951 – Tom Kozelko, American basketball player
    • 1951 – Terrence Mann, American actor, singer and dancer
    • 1951 – Fred Schneider, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1951 – Victor Willis, American singer-songwriter, pianist and actor
    • 1952 – Dan Aykroyd, Canadian actor, producer and screenwriter
    • 1952 – David Arkenstone, American composer and performer
    • 1952 – David Lane, English oncologist and academic
    • 1952 – Steve Shutt, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1952 – Timothy J. Tobias, American pianist and composer (d. 2006)
    • 1953 – Lawrence Gonzi, Maltese lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Malta
    • 1953 – Jadranka Kosor, Croatian journalist and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Croatia
    • 1954 – Keith Whitley, American singer and guitarist (d. 1989)
    • 1955 – Nikolai Demidenko, Russian pianist and educator
    • 1955 – Li Keqiang, Chinese economist and politician, 7th Premier of the People’s Republic of China
    • 1955 – Lisa Scottoline, American lawyer and author
    • 1957 – Lisa Blount, American actress and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1957 – Hannu Kamppuri, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1957 – Sean O’Driscoll, English footballer and manager
    • 1958 – Jack Dyer Crouch II, American diplomat, United States Deputy National Security Advisor
    • 1960 – Michael Beattie, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1960 – Lynn Jennings, American runner
    • 1960 – Evelyn “Champagne” King, American soul/disco singer
    • 1960 – Kevin Swords, American rugby player
    • 1961 – Malcolm Elliott, English cyclist
    • 1961 – Ivan Kaye, English actor
    • 1961 – Carl Lewis, American long jumper and runner
    • 1961 – Diana, Princess of Wales (d. 1997)
    • 1961 – Michelle Wright, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1962 – Andre Braugher, American actor and producer
    • 1962 – Mokhzani Mahathir, Malaysian businessman
    • 1963 – Roddy Bottum, American singer and keyboard player
    • 1963 – Nick Giannopoulos, Australian actor
    • 1963 – David Wood, American lawyer and environmentalist (d. 2006)
    • 1964 – Bernard Laporte, French rugby player and coach
    • 1965 – Carl Fogarty, English motorcycle racer
    • 1965 – Garry Schofield, English rugby player and coach
    • 1965 – Harald Zwart, Norwegian director and producer
    • 1966 – Enrico Annoni, Italian footballer and coach
    • 1966 – Shawn Burr, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2013)
    • 1967 – Pamela Anderson, Canadian-American model and actress
    • 1969 – Séamus Egan, American-Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1971 – Missy Elliott, American rapper, producer, dancer and actress
    • 1971 – Julianne Nicholson, American actress
    • 1974 – Jefferson Pérez, Ecuadorian race walker
    • 1975 – Sean Colson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1975 – Sufjan Stevens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1976 – Patrick Kluivert, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1976 – Hannu Tihinen, Finnish footballer
    • 1976 – Albert Torrens, Australian rugby league player
    • 1976 – Ruud van Nistelrooy, Dutch footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Szymon Ziółkowski, Polish hammer thrower
    • 1977 – Tom Frager, Senegalese-French singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1977 – Keigo Hayashi, Japanese musician
    • 1977 – Jarome Iginla, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1979 – Forrest Griffin, American mixed martial artist and actor
    • 1981 – Carlo Del Fava, South African-Italian rugby player
    • 1981 – Tadhg Kennelly, Irish-Australian footballer
    • 1982 – Justin Huber, Australian baseball player
    • 1982 – Joachim Johansson, Swedish tennis player
    • 1982 – Adrian Ward, American football player
    • 1982 – Hilarie Burton, American actress
    • 1984 – Donald Thomas, Bahamian high jumper
    • 1985 – Chris Perez, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Charlie Blackmon, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Andrew Lee, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Julian Prochnow, German footballer
    • 1987 – Michael Schrader, German decathlete
    • 1988 – Dedé, Brazilian footballer
    • 1988 – Aleksander Lesun, Russian modern pentathlete
    • 1989 – Kent Bazemore, American basketball player
    • 1989 – Daniel Ricciardo, Australian race car driver
    • 1990 – Ben Coker, English footballer
    • 1991 – Michael Wacha, American baseball player
    • 1992 – Aaron Sanchez, American baseball player
    • 1995 – Boli Bolingoli-Mbombo, Belgian footballer
    • 1995 – Savvy Shields, Miss America 2017
    • 1996 – Adelina Sotnikova, Russian figure skater
    • 1998 – Aleksandra Golovkina, Lithuanian figure skater
    • 2000 – Lalu Muhammad Zohri, Indonesian sprinter
    • 2001 – Chosen Jacobs, American entertainer

    Deaths on July 1

    • 552 – Totila, Ostrogoth king
    • 992 – Heonjeong, Korean queen (b. 966)
    • 1109 – Alfonso VI, king of León and Castile (b. 1040)
    • 1224 – Hōjō Yoshitoki, regent of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan (b. 1163)
    • 1242 – Chagatai Khan, Mongol ruler (b. 1183)
    • 1277 – Baibars, Egyptian sultan (b. 1223)
    • 1321 – María de Molina, queen of Castile and León
    • 1348 – Joan, English princess
    • 1555 – John Bradford, English reformer, prebendary of St. Paul’s (b. 1510)
    • 1589 – Lady Saigō, Japanese concubine (b. 1552)
    • 1592 – Marc’Antonio Ingegneri, Italian composer and educator (b. 1535)
    • 1614 – Isaac Casaubon, French philologist and scholar (b. 1559)
    • 1622 – William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle, English politician (b. 1575)
    • 1681 – Oliver Plunkett, Irish archbishop and saint (b. 1629)
    • 1736 – Ahmed III, Ottoman sultan (b. 1673)
    • 1774 – Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1705)
    • 1782 – Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, English admiral and politician, Prime Minister of Great Britain (b. 1730)
    • 1784 – Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, German organist and composer (b. 1710)
    • 1787 – Charles de Rohan, French marshal (b. 1715)
    • 1819 – the Public Universal Friend, American evangelist (b. 1752)
    • 1839 – Mahmud II, Ottoman sultan (b. 1785)
    • 1860 – Charles Goodyear, American chemist and engineer (b. 1800)
    • 1863 – John F. Reynolds, American general (b. 1820)
    • 1884 – Allan Pinkerton, Scottish-American detective and spy (b. 1819)
    • 1896 – Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author and activist (b. 1811)
    • 1905 – John Hay, American journalist and politician, 37th United States Secretary of State (b. 1838)
    • 1912 – Harriet Quimby, American pilot and screenwriter (b. 1875)
    • 1925 – Erik Satie, French pianist and composer (b. 1866)
    • 1934 – Ernst Röhm, German paramilitary commander (b. 1887)
    • 1942 – Peadar Toner Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish writer (b. 1857)
    • 1943 – Willem Arondeus, Dutch artist, author, and anti-Nazi resistance fighter (b. 1894)
    • 1944 – Carl Mayer, Austrian-English screenwriter (b. 1894)
    • 1944 – Tanya Savicheva, Russian author (b. 1930)
    • 1948 – Achille Varzi, Italian race car driver (b. 1904)
    • 1950 – Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, Swiss composer and educator (b. 1865)
    • 1950 – Eliel Saarinen, Finnish-American architect, co-designed the National Museum of Finland (b. 1873)
    • 1951 – Tadeusz Borowski, Polish poet, novelist and journalist (b. 1922)
    • 1961 – Louis-Ferdinand Céline, French physician and author (b. 1894)
    • 1962 – Purushottam Das Tandon, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1882)
    • 1962 – Bidhan Chandra Roy, Indian physician and politician, 2nd Chief Minister of West Bengal (b. 1882)
    • 1964 – Pierre Monteux, French-American viola player and conductor (b. 1875)
    • 1965 – Wally Hammond, English cricketer (b. 1903)
    • 1965 – Robert Ruark, American journalist and author (b. 1915)
    • 1966 – Frank Verner, American runner (b. 1883)
    • 1967 – Gerhard Ritter, German historian and academic (b. 1888)
    • 1968 – Fritz Bauer, German judge and politician (b. 1903)
    • 1971 – William Lawrence Bragg, Australian-English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1890)
    • 1971 – Learie Constantine, Trinidadian-English cricketer, lawyer, and politician (b. 1901)
    • 1974 – Juan Perón, Argentinian general and politician, President of Argentina (b. 1895)
    • 1978 – Kurt Student, German general and pilot (b. 1890)
    • 1981 – Carlos de Oliveira, Portuguese author and poet (b. 1921)
    • 1983 – Buckminster Fuller, American architect, designed the Montreal Biosphère (b. 1895)
    • 1984 – Moshé Feldenkrais, Ukrainian-Israeli physicist and academic (b. 1904)
    • 1991 – Michael Landon, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1936)
    • 1992 – Franco Cristaldi, Italian screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)
    • 1994 – Merriam Modell, American author (b. 1908)
    • 1995 – Wolfman Jack, American radio host (b. 1938)
    • 1995 – Ian Parkin, English guitarist (Be-Bop Deluxe) (b. 1950)
    • 1996 – William T. Cahill, American lawyer and politician, 46th Governor of New Jersey (b. 1904)
    • 1996 – Margaux Hemingway, American model and actress (b. 1954)
    • 1996 – Steve Tesich, Serbian-American author and screenwriter (b. 1942)
    • 1997 – Robert Mitchum, American actor (b. 1917)
    • 1997 – Charles Werner, American cartoonist (b. 1909)
    • 1999 – Edward Dmytryk, Canadian-American director and producer (b. 1908)
    • 1999 – Forrest Mars Sr., American businessman, created M&M’s and the Mars bar (b. 1904)
    • 1999 – Sylvia Sidney, American actress (b. 1910)
    • 1999 – Sola Sierra, Chilean human rights activist (b. 1935)
    • 2000 – Walter Matthau, American actor (b. 1920)
    • 2001 – Nikolay Basov, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
    • 2001 – Jean-Louis Rosier, French race car driver (b. 1925)
    • 2003 – Herbie Mann, American flute player and saxophonist (b. 1930)
    • 2004 – Peter Barnes, English playwright and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 2004 – Marlon Brando, American actor and director (b. 1924)
    • 2004 – Todor Skalovski, Macedonian composer and conductor (b. 1909)
    • 2005 – Renaldo Benson, American singer-songwriter (Four Tops) (b. 1936)
    • 2005 – Gus Bodnar, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1923)
    • 2005 – Luther Vandross, American singer-songwriter and producer (Change) (b. 1951)
    • 2006 – Ryutaro Hashimoto, Japanese politician, 53rd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1937)
    • 2006 – Robert Lepikson, Estonian race car driver and politician, Estonian Minister of the Interior (b. 1952)
    • 2006 – Fred Trueman, English cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1931)
    • 2008 – Mel Galley, English guitarist (b. 1948)
    • 2009 – Karl Malden, American actor (b. 1912)
    • 2009 – Onni Palaste, Finnish soldier and author (b. 1917)
    • 2009 – Mollie Sugden, English actress (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Don Coryell, American football player and coach (b. 1924)
    • 2010 – Arnold Friberg, American painter and illustrator (b. 1913)
    • 2010 – Ilene Woods, American actress and singer (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Peter E. Gillquist, American priest and author (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Ossie Hibbert, Jamaican-American keyboard player and producer (b. 1950)
    • 2012 – Evelyn Lear, American operatic soprano (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Alan G. Poindexter, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1961)
    • 2012 – Jack Richardson, American author and playwright (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Sidney Bryan Berry, American general (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Charles Foley, American game designer, co-created Twister (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – William H. Gray, American minister and politician (b. 1941)
    • 2014 – Jean Garon, Canadian economist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Stephen Gaskin, American activist, co-founded The Farm (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Bob Jones, English lawyer and politician (b. 1955)
    • 2014 – Anatoly Kornukov, Ukrainian-Russian general (b. 1942)
    • 2014 – Walter Dean Myers, American author and poet (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Val Doonican, Irish singer and television host (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Czesław Olech, Polish mathematician and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Nicholas Winton, English lieutenant and humanitarian (b. 1909)
    • 2016 – Robin Hardy, English author and film director (b. 1929)
    • 2020 – Georg Ratzinger, German Roman Catholic priest and musician (b. 1924)

    Holidays and observances on July 1

    • Christian feast day:
      • Aaron (Syriac Christianity)
      • Blessed Antonio Rosmini-Serbati
      • Felix of Como
      • Junípero Serra
      • Julius and Aaron
      • Leontius of Autun
      • Servanus
      • Veep
      • July 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
      • Feast of the Most Precious Blood (removed from official Roman Catholic calendar since 1969)
    • Earliest day on which Alexanderson Day can fall, celebrated on the Sunday closest to July 2. (Sweden)
    • Earliest day on which CARICOM Day can fall, while July 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in July. (Guyana)
    • Earliest day on which Constitution Day can fall, while July 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in July. (Cayman Islands)
    • Earliest day on which Día del Amigo can fall, celebrated on the first Saturday of July. (Peru)
    • Earliest day on which Fishermen’s Holiday, celebrated on the first Friday of July (Marshall Islands)
    • Earliest day on which Heroes’ Day can fall, while July 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in July. (Zambia)
    • Earliest day on which International Co-operative Day, can fall, celebrated on the first Saturday of July.
    • Earliest day on which International Free Hugs Day, can fall, celebrated on the first Saturday of July.
    • Earliest day on which Navy Day can fall, celebrated on the first Sunday in July. (Ukraine)
    • Earliest day on which Navy Days can fall, celebrated First Saturday and Sunday. (Netherlands)
    • Earliest day on which Youth Day can fall, while July 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday in July. (Singapore)
    • Armed Forces Day (Singapore)
    • Canada Day, formerly Dominion Day (Canada)
    • Children’s Day (Pakistan)
    • Communist Party of China Founding Day (China)
    • Day of Officials and Civil Servants (Hungary)
    • Doctors’ Day (India)
    • Emancipation Day (Netherlands Antilles)
    • Engineer’s Day (Bahrain, Mexico)
    • Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day (Hong Kong, China)
    • Independence Day (Burundi), celebrates the independence of Burundi from Belgium in 1962.
    • Independence Day (Rwanda)
    • Independence Day (Somalia)
    • International Tartan Day
    • July Morning (Bulgaria)
    • Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) (Suriname)
    • Madeira Day (Madeira, Portugal)
    • Moving Day (Quebec) (Canada)
    • Newfoundland and Labrador Memorial Day
    • Republic Day (Ghana)
    • Sir Seretse Khama Day (Botswana)
    • Territory Day (British Virgin Islands)
    • The first day of Van Mahotsav, celebrated until July 7. (India)

  • June 22 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    On this day the Summer solstice may occur in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Winter solstice may occur in the Southern Hemisphere.

    June 22 in History

    • 217 BC – Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
    • 168 BC – Battle of Pydna: Romans under Lucius Aemilius Paullus defeat Macedonian King Perseus who surrenders after the battle, ending the Third Macedonian War.
    • 813 – Battle of Versinikia: The Bulgars led by Krum defeat the Byzantine army near Edirne. Emperor Michael I is forced to abdicate in favor of Leo V the Armenian.
    • 910 – The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army near the Rednitz River, killing its leader Gebhard, Duke of Lotharingia (Lorraine).
    • 1527 – Fatahillah expels Portuguese forces from Sunda Kelapa, now regarded as the foundation of Jakarta.
    • 1593 – Battle of Sisak: Allied Christian troops defeat the Ottomans.
    • 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe in the form he presented it in, after heated controversy.
    • 1774 – The British pass the Quebec Act, setting out rules of governance for the colony of Quebec in British North America.
    • 1783 – A poisonous cloud caused by the eruption of the Laki volcano in Iceland reaches Le Havre in France.
    • 1807 – In the Chesapeake–Leopard Affair, the British warship HMS Leopard attacks and boards the American frigate USS Chesapeake.
    • 1813 – War of 1812: After learning of American plans for a surprise attack on Beaver Dams in Ontario, Laura Secord sets out on a 30 kilometer journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon.
    • 1839 – Cherokee leaders Major Ridge, John Ridge, and Elias Boudinot are assassinated for signing the Treaty of New Echota, which had resulted in the Trail of Tears.
    • 1870 – The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress.
    • 1893 – The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet’s commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon.
    • 1897 – British colonial officers Charles Walter Rand and Lt. Charles Egerton Ayerst are assassinated in Pune, Maharashtra, India by the Chapekar brothers and Mahadeo Vinayak Ranade, who are later caught and hanged.
    • 1898 – Spanish–American War: In a chaotic operation, 6,000 men of the U.S. Fifth Army Corps begins landing at Daiquirí, Cuba, about 16 miles (26 km) east of Santiago de Cuba. Lt. Gen. Arsenio Linares y Pombo of the Spanish Army outnumbers them two-to-one, but does not oppose the landings.
    • 1907 – The London Underground’s Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway opens.
    • 1911 – George V and Mary of Teck are crowned King and Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
    • 1911 – Mexican Revolution: Government forces bring an end to the Magonista rebellion of 1911 in the Second Battle of Tijuana.
    • 1918 – The Hammond Circus Train Wreck kills 86 and injures 127 near Hammond, Indiana.
    • 1940 – World War II: France is forced to sign the Second Compiègne armistice with Germany, in the same railroad car in which the Germans signed the Armistice in 1918.
    • 1941 – World War II: Nazi Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa.
    • 1942 – World War II: Erwin Rommel is promoted to Field Marshal after the Axis capture of Tobruk.
    • 1942 – The Pledge of Allegiance is formally adopted by US Congress.
    • 1944 – World War II: Opening day of the Soviet Union’s Operation Bagration against the Army Group Centre.
    • 1944 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs into law the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944, commonly known as the G.I. Bill.
    • 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa comes to an end.
    • 1948 – The ship HMT Empire Windrush brought the first group of 802 West Indian immigrants to Tilbury, marking the start of modern immigration to the United Kingdom.
    • 1948 – King George VI formally gives up the title “Emperor of India”, half a year after Britain actually gave up its rule of India.
    • 1965 – The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is signed.
    • 1969 – The Cuyahoga River catches fire in Cleveland, Ohio, drawing national attention to water pollution, and spurring the passing of the Clean Water Act and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency.
    • 1978 – Charon, the first of Pluto’s satellites to be discovered, was first seen at the United States Naval Observatory by James W. Christy.
    • 1984 – Virgin Atlantic Airways launches with its first flight from London Gatwick Airport.
    • 1986 – The famous Hand of God goal, scored by Diego Maradona in the quarter-finals of the 1986 FIFA World Cup match between Argentina and England, ignites controversy. This was later followed by the Goal of the Century. Argentina wins 2–1 and later goes on to win the World Cup.
    • 1990 – Cold War: Checkpoint Charlie is dismantled in Berlin.
    • 2000 – Wuhan Airlines Flight 343 is struck by lightning and crashes into Wuhan’s Hanyang District, killing 49 people.
    • 2002 – An earthquake measuring 6.5 Mw strikes a region of northwestern Iran killing at least 261 people and injuring 1,300 others and eventually causing widespread public anger due to the slow official response.
    • 2009 – A Washington D.C Metro train traveling southbound near Fort Totten station collides into another train waiting to enter the station. Nine people are killed in the collision (eight passengers and the train operator) and at least 80 others are injured.
    • 2012 – Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo is removed from office by impeachment and succeeded by Federico Franco.
    • 2012 – A Turkish Air Force McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II fighter plane is shot down by the Syrian Armed Forces, killing both of the plane’s pilots and worsening already-strained relations between Turkey and Syria.
    • 2015 – The Afghan National Assembly building is attacked by gunmen after a suicide bombing. All six of the gunmen are killed and 18 people are injured.

    Births on June 22

    • 662 – Rui Zong, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 716)
    • 916 – Sayf al-Dawla, founder of the Emirate of Aleppo (d. 967)
    • 1000 – Robert I, duke of Normandy (d. 1035)
    • 1373 – Elizabeth Bonifacia, heiress of Poland (d. 1399)
    • 1427 – Lucrezia Tornabuoni, Italian writer and wife of Piero di Cosimo de’ Medici (d. 1482)
    • 1450 – Eleanor of Naples, duchess of Ferrara (d. 1493)
    • 1477 – Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset, English nobleman (d. 1530)
    • 1593 – Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet, English politician and militarian (d. 1671)
    • 1680 – Ebenezer Erskine, Scottish minister and theologian (d. 1754)
    • 1684 – Francesco Manfredini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1762)
    • 1704 – John Taylor, English author and scholar (d. 1766)
    • 1713 – John Sackville, English cricketer and politician (d. 1765)
    • 1738 – Jacques Delille, French poet and translator (d. 1813)
    • 1757 – George Vancouver, English lieutenant and explorer (d. 1798)
    • 1763 – Étienne Méhul, French pianist and composer (d. 1817)
    • 1767 – Wilhelm von Humboldt, German philosopher, academic, and politician, Interior Minister of Prussia (d. 1835)
    • 1792 – James Beaumont Neilson, Scottish engineer and businessman (d. 1865)
    • 1805 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1872)
    • 1820 – James Hutchison Stirling, Scottish physician and philosopher (d. 1909)
    • 1834 – William Chester Minor, American surgeon and linguist (d. 1920)
    • 1837 – Paul Morphy, American chess player (d. 1884)
    • 1837 – Ernst Ziller, German-Greek architect, designed the Presidential Mansion (d. 1923)
    • 1844 – Oscar von Gebhardt, German theologian and academic (d. 1906)
    • 1845 – Tom Dula, American soldier (d. 1868)
    • 1845 – Richard Seddon, English-New Zealand politician, 15th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1906)
    • 1855 – Samuel Morris, Australian cricketer (d. 1931)
    • 1856 – Henry Rider Haggard, English novelist (d. 1925)
    • 1861 – Maximilian von Spee, Danish-German admiral (d. 1914)
    • 1864 – Hermann Minkowski, German mathematician and academic (d. 1909)
    • 1871 – William McDougall, English psychologist and polymath (d. 1938)
    • 1873 – Filippo Silvestri, Italian entomologist and academic (d. 1949)
    • 1874 – Walter Friedrich Otto, German philologist and scholar (d. 1958)
    • 1876 – Pascual Díaz y Barreto, Mexican archbishop (d. 1936)
    • 1879 – Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 9th Chief Justice of Canada (d. 1962)
    • 1880 – Johannes Drost, Dutch swimmer (d. 1954)
    • 1884 – James Rector, American sprinter and lawyer (d. 1949)
    • 1885 – Milan Vidmar, Slovenian engineer and chess player (d. 1962)
    • 1887 – Julian Huxley, English biologist and academic (d. 1975)
    • 1888 – Harold Hitz Burton, American lawyer and politician, 45th Mayor of Cleveland (d. 1964)
    • 1890 – Aleksander Warma, Estonian commander and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Estonia in exile (d. 1970)
    • 1891 – Franz Alexander, Hungarian psychoanalyst and physician (d. 1964)
    • 1892 – Robert Ritter von Greim, German general and pilot (d. 1945)
    • 1894 – Bernard Ashmole, English archaeologist and art historian (d. 1988)
    • 1896 – Leonard W. Murray, Canadian admiral (d. 1971)
    • 1897 – Edmund A. Chester, American journalist and broadcaster (d. 1973)
    • 1897 – Norbert Elias, German-Dutch sociologist and philosopher (d. 1990)
    • 1898 – Erich Maria Remarque, German-Swiss soldier and author (d. 1970)
    • 1899 – Richard Gurley Drew, American engineer, invented Masking tape (d. 1980)
    • 1899 – Michał Kalecki, Polish economist and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1900 – Oskar Fischinger, German-American abstract artist, filmmaker, and painter (d. 1967)
    • 1901 – Elias Katz, Finnish runner and coach (d. 1947)
    • 1902 – Marguerite De La Motte, American actress (d. 1950)
    • 1903 – John Dillinger, American criminal (d. 1934)
    • 1903 – Carl Hubbell, American baseball player (d. 1988)
    • 1906 – William Kneale, English logician and philosopher (d. 1990)
    • 1906 – Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American pilot and author (d. 2001)
    • 1906 – Billy Wilder, Austrian-born American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
    • 1907 – Eriks Ādamsons, Latvian writer, poet, and novelist (d. 1946)
    • 1909 – Katherine Dunham, American dancer and choreographer (d. 2006)
    • 1909 – Infanta Beatriz of Spain, Spanish aristocratic (d. 2002)
    • 1909 – Mike Todd, American producer and manager (d. 1958)
    • 1910 – John Hunt, Baron Hunt, Indian-English lieutenant and mountaineer (d. 1998)
    • 1910 – Anne Ziegler, English singer (d. 2003)
    • 1910 – Konrad Zuse, German computer scientist and engineer, invented the Z3 computer (d. 1995)
    • 1911 – Vernon Kirby, South African tennis player (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – Princess Caroline Mathilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1983)
    • 1912 – Raymonde Allain, French model and actress (d. 2008)
    • 1913 – Sándor Weöres, Hungarian poet and author (d. 1989)
    • 1914 – Mei Zhi, Chinese author and essayist (d. 2004)
    • 1915 – Dolf van der Linden, Dutch conductor and composer (d. 1999)
    • 1915 – Cornelius Warmerdam, American pole vaulter and coach (d. 2001)
    • 1915 – Randolph Hokanson, American pianist (d. 2018)
    • 1915 – Thomas Quinn Curtiss, American writer, and film and theatre critic (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Johnny Jacobs, American television announcer (d. 1982)
    • 1916 – Richard Eastham, American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1916 – Emil Fackenheim, Jewish philosopher and Reform rabbi (d. 2003)
    • 1918 – Cicely Saunders, English Anglican nurse, social worker, physician and writer (d. 2005)
    • 1919 – Gower Champion, American dancer and choreographer (d. 1980)
    • 1919 – Henri Tajfel, Polish social psychologist (d. 1982)
    • 1919 – Clifton McNeely, American basketball player and coach (d. 2003)
    • 1920 – James H. Pomerene, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 2008)
    • 1920 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician, 14th President of the Senate of the Philippines (d. 2016)
    • 1921 – Joseph Papp, American director and producer (d. 1991)
    • 1921 – Barbara Vucanovich, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Radovan Ivšić, Croatian writer (d. 2009)
    • 1921 – Barbara Perry, American actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – Bill Blass, American fashion designer, founded Bill Blass Group (d. 2002)
    • 1922 – Clair Cameron Patterson, American scientist (d. 1995)
    • 1923 – José Giovanni, French-Swiss director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – Christopher Booth, English clinician and historian (d. 2012)
    • 1924 – Larkin Kerwin, Canadian physicist and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1926 – George Englund, American film editor, director, producer and actor (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Rachid Solh, Lebanese politician, 48th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Doreen Mantle, South African-English actress
    • 1927 – Anthony Low, Indian-English historian and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Ralph Waite, American actor and director (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Bruce Kent, English activist and laicised Roman Catholic priest
    • 1930 – Yuri Artyukhin, Russian colonel, engineer, and astronaut (d. 1998)
    • 1930 – Walter Bonatti, Italian journalist and mountaineer (d. 2011)
    • 1931 – Ruby Garrard Woodson, American educator and cultural historian (d. 2008)
    • 1932 – Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari, Princess of Iran (d. 2001)
    • 1932 – Yevgeny Kychanov, Russian orientalist, historian, and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1932 – Amrish Puri, Indian actor (d. 2005)
    • 1932 – June Salter, Australian actress (d. 2001)
    • 1932 – Prunella Scales, English actress
    • 1932 – John Wakeham, Baron Wakeham, English businessman and politician, Leader of the House of Lords
    • 1933 – Dianne Feinstein, American politician
    • 1934 – James Bjorken, American physicist, author, and academic
    • 1936 – Kris Kristofferson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1936 – Ferran Olivella, Spanish footballer
    • 1936 – Hermeto Pascoal, Brazilian accordion player and composer
    • 1937 – Chris Blackwell, English record producer, co-founded Island Records
    • 1937 – Bernie McGann, Australian saxophonist and composer (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Don Matthews, American-Canadian football player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1939 – Ed Paschke, Polish-American painter and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1940 – Joan Busfield, English sociologist, psychologist, and academic
    • 1940 – Hubert Chesshyre, English historian and author
    • 1940 – Abbas Kiarostami, Iranian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1940 – Esther Rantzen, English journalist
    • 1941 – Ed Bradley, American journalist (d. 2006)
    • 1941 – Terttu Savola, Finnish journalist and politician
    • 1943 – Brit Hume, American journalist and author
    • 1943 – Klaus Maria Brandauer, Austrian actor and director
    • 1944 – Peter Asher, English singer, guitarist, and producer
    • 1944 – Helmut Dietl, German director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1945 – Rainer Brüderle, German economist and politician, German Minister of Economics and Technology
    • 1946 – Linda Bond, Canadian 19th General of The Salvation Army
    • 1946 – Sheila Hollins, Baroness Hollins, English psychiatrist and academic
    • 1946 – Eliades Ochoa, Cuban singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1946 – Józef Oleksy, Polish economist and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2015)
    • 1946 – Stephen Waley-Cohen, English journalist and businessman
    • 1947 – Octavia E. Butler, American author (d. 2006)
    • 1947 – Howard Kaylan, American pop-rock singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1947 – Pete Maravich, American basketball player (d. 1988)
    • 1947 – Jerry Rawlings, Ghanaian lieutenant and politician, President of Ghana
    • 1948 – James Charteris, 13th Earl of Wemyss, Scottish businessman
    • 1948 – Todd Rundgren, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1949 – Larry Junstrom, American bass player
    • 1949 – Brian Leveson, English lawyer and judge
    • 1949 – Alan Osmond, American singer and producer
    • 1949 – Meryl Streep, American actress and singer
    • 1949 – Luís Filipe Vieira, Portuguese businessman
    • 1949 – Lindsay Wagner, American actress
    • 1949 – Elizabeth Warren, American academic and politician
    • 1950 – Sharon Maughan, English actress
    • 1950 – Adrian Năstase, Romanian lawyer and politician, 59th Prime Minister of Romania
    • 1950 – Greg Oliphant, Australian rugby league player
    • 1950 – Zenonas Petrauskas, Lithuanian lawyer and politician (d. 2009)
    • 1950 – Tom Alter, Indian actor (d. 2017)
    • 1951 – Brian Cookson, British cyclist and sports administrator
    • 1951 – Craig Gruber, American bass player (d. 2015)
    • 1951 – Humphrey Ocean, English painter and academic
    • 1952 – Graham Greene, Canadian actor
    • 1952 – Santokh Singh, Malaysian football player
    • 1953 – Wim Eijk, Dutch cardinal
    • 1953 – Mauro Francaviglia, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1953 – Cyndi Lauper, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1953 – Bruce McAvaney, Australian journalist and sportscaster
    • 1954 – Freddie Prinze, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)
    • 1955 – Green Gartside, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1955 – Christine Orengo, British academic and educator
    • 1956 – Darryl Brohman, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1956 – Alfons De Wolf, Belgian cyclist
    • 1956 – Shah Mehmood Qureshi, Pakistani agriculturist and politician, 25th Pakistani Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1956 – Tim Russ, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Markus Schatte, German footballer, manager, and coach
    • 1956 – Derek Forbes, Scottish bass player and guitarist
    • 1957 – Danny Baker, English journalist and screenwriter
    • 1957 – Garry Gary Beers, Australian bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1957 – Kevin Bond, English footballer and manager
    • 1957 – Michael Stratton, English geneticist and academic
    • 1958 – Rocío Banquells, Mexican pop singer and actress
    • 1958 – Bruce Campbell, American actor, director, producer and writer
    • 1959 – Michael Kinane, Irish jockey
    • 1959 – Nicola Sirkis, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1959 – Daniel Xuereb, French footballer
    • 1960 – Erin Brockovich, American lawyer and environmentalist
    • 1960 – Margrit Klinger, German runner
    • 1960 – Tracy Pollan, American actress
    • 1961 – Jimmy Somerville, Scottish singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Stephen Chow, Hong Kong actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1962 – Bobby Gillespie, Scottish musician and singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Clyde Drexler, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Gerald Hillringhaus, German footballer
    • 1963 – Hokutoumi Nobuyoshi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 61st Yokozuna
    • 1963 – John Tenta, Canadian-American wrestler (d. 2006)
    • 1964 – Cadillac Anderson, American basketball player
    • 1964 – Amy Brenneman, American actress
    • 1964 – Dan Brown, American author and academic
    • 1964 – Miroslav Kadlec, Czech footballer
    • 1965 – Uwe Boll, German director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Ľubomír Moravčík, Czech footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Michael Park, English racing driver (d. 2005)
    • 1966 – Emmanuelle Seigner, French actress
    • 1966 – Dean Woods, Australian cyclist
    • 1968 – Darrell Armstrong, American basketball player and coach
    • 1968 – Miri Yu, Zainichi, Korean novelist
    • 1971 – Gary Connolly, English rugby player
    • 1971 – Mary Lynn Rajskub, American actress and comedian
    • 1971 – Kurt Warner, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1972 – Damien Oliver, Australian jockey
    • 1973 – Carson Daly, American radio and television host
    • 1974 – Jo Cox, British MP (d. 2016)
    • 1974 – Vijay, Indian film actor in Tamil cinema
    • 1975 – Urmas Reinsalu, Estonian academic and politician, 28th Estonian Minister of Defence
    • 1978 – Champ Bailey, American football player
    • 1978 – Dan Wheldon, English racing driver (d. 2011)
    • 1979 – Joey Cheek, American speed skater
    • 1979 – Thomas Voeckler, French cyclist
    • 1980 – Ilya Bryzgalov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Stephanie Jacobsen, Hong Kong-Australian actress
    • 1981 – Sione Lauaki, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1981 – Aquivaldo Mosquera, Colombian footballer
    • 1982 – Andoni Iraola, Spanish footballer
    • 1982 – Ian Kinsler, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Soraia Chaves, Portuguese actress and model
    • 1983 – Allar Raja, Estonian rower
    • 1984 – Dustin Johnson, American golfer
    • 1984 – Rubén Iván Martínez, Spanish footballer
    • 1984 – Jerome Taylor, Jamaican cricketer
    • 1984 – Janko Tipsarević, Serbian tennis player
    • 1985 – Thomas Leuluai, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1987 – Danny Green, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Nikita Rukavytsya, Ukrainian-Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Omri Casspi, Israeli basketball player
    • 1989 – Cédric Mongongu, Congolese footballer
    • 1989 – Jung Yong-hwa, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1990 – Sebastian Jung, German footballer
    • 1991 – Hugo Mallo, Spanish footballer
    • 1992 – Ura Kazuki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1992 – Harry Reid, British actor
    • 1993 – Loris Karius, German footballer
    • 1994 – Sebastien Haller, French footballer
    • 1994 – Carlos Vinícius Santos de Jesus, Brazilian footballer
    • 1996 – Mikel Merino, Spanish footballer
    • 1999 – Sam Retford, Australian-English actor

    Deaths on June 22

    • 431 – Paulinus of Nola, Christian bishop and poet (b. 354)
    • 910 – Gebhard, Frankish nobleman
    • 910 – Gerhard I, Frankish nobleman
    • 947 – Qian Hongzuo, king of Wuyue (b. 928)
    • 1017 – Leo Passianos, Byzantine general
    • 1101 – Roger I of Sicily, Norman nobleman (b. 1031)
    • 1276 – Innocent V, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1225)
    • 1343 – Aimone, Count of Savoy (b. 1291)
    • 1429 – Jamshīd al-Kāshī, Persian astronomer and mathematician (b. 1380)
    • 1521 – Leonardo Loredan, Italian politician, 76th Doge of Venice (b. 1436)
    • 1535 – John Fisher, English bishop and saint (b. 1469)
    • 1632 – James Whitelocke, English judge and politician, Chief Justice of Chester (b. 1570)
    • 1634 – Johann von Aldringen, Austrian field marshal (b. 1588)
    • 1664 – Katherine Philips, Anglo-Welsh poet (b. 1631)
    • 1699 – Josiah Child, English merchant, economist, and politician (b. 1630)
    • 1714 – Matthew Henry, Welsh minister and author (b. 1662)
    • 1766 – Carlo Zimech, Maltese priest and painter (b. 1696)
    • 1868 – Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader (b. 1801)
    • 1872 – Rudecindo Alvarado, Argentinian general (b. 1792)
    • 1874 – Howard Staunton, English chess player (b. 1810)
    • 1892 – Pierre Ossian Bonnet, French mathematician and academic (b. 1819)
    • 1894 – Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian archbishop and missionary (b. 1823)
    • 1905 – Francis Lubbock, American colonel and politician, 9th Governor of Texas (b. 1815)
    • 1913 – Ștefan Octavian Iosif, Romanian poet and translator (b. 1875)
    • 1925 – Felix Klein, German mathematician and academic (b. 1849)
    • 1928 – A. B. Frost, American illustrator and painter (b. 1851)
    • 1931 – Armand Fallières, French politician, 9th President of France (b. 1841)
    • 1933 – Tim Birkin, English racing driver and lieutenant (b. 1896)
    • 1935 – Szymon Askenazy, Polish historian and diplomat (b. 1866)
    • 1936 – Moritz Schlick, German-Austrian physicist and philosopher (b. 1882)
    • 1938 – C. J. Dennis, Australian poet and author (b. 1876)
    • 1940 – Monty Noble, Australian cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1873)
    • 1942 – August Froehlich, German priest and activist (b. 1891)
    • 1945 – Isamu Chō, Japanese general (b. 1895)
    • 1945 – Mitsuru Ushijima, Japanese general (b. 1887)
    • 1956 – Walter de la Mare, English poet, short story writer and novelist (b. 1873)
    • 1959 – Hermann Brill, German educator and politician, 8th Minister-President of Thuringia (b. 1895)
    • 1964 – Havank, Dutch journalist and author (b. 1904)
    • 1965 – David O. Selznick, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1902)
    • 1966 – Thaddeus Shideler, American hurdler (b. 1883)
    • 1969 – Judy Garland, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
    • 1970 – Đặng Thùy Trâm, Vietnamese surgeon and author (b. 1942)
    • 1974 – Darius Milhaud, French composer and educator (b. 1892)
    • 1977 – Jacqueline Audry, French director and screenwriter (b. 1908)
    • 1977 – Peter Laughner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Rocket From the Tombs and Pere Ubu) (b. 1952)
    • 1979 – Louis Chiron, Monégasque race car driver (b. 1899)
    • 1984 – Joseph Losey, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1909)
    • 1987 – Fred Astaire, American actor and dancer (b. 1899)
    • 1988 – Dennis Day, American singer and actor (b. 1916)
    • 1990 – Ilya Frank, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1908)
    • 1993 – Pat Nixon, American educator, 37th First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)
    • 1995 – Leonid Derbenyov, Russian poet and songwriter (b. 1931)
    • 1995 – Al Hansen, American sculptor and author (b. 1927)
    • 1997 – Ted Gärdestad, Swedish singer-songwriter (b. 1956)
    • 1997 – Gérard Pelletier, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1919)
    • 2003 – Vasil Bykaŭ, Belarusian war novelist (b. 1924)
    • 2004 – Bob Bemer, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1920)
    • 2004 – Mattie Stepanek, American poet and author (b. 1990)
    • 2007 – Erik Parlevliet, Dutch field hockey player (b. 1964)
    • 2008 – Natalia Bekhtereva, Russian neuroscientist and psychologist (b. 1924)
    • 2008 – George Carlin, American comedian, actor, and author (b. 1937)
    • 2008 – Dody Goodman, American actress and dancer (b. 1914)
    • 2011 – Coşkun Özarı, Turkish footballer and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2012 – Juan Luis Galiardo, Spanish actor and producer (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Henning Larsen, Danish architect, designed the Copenhagen Opera House (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Allan Simonsen, Danish race car driver (b. 1978)
    • 2014 – Fouad Ajami, Lebanese-American author and academic (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Rama Narayanan, Indian director and producer (b. 1949)
    • 2015 – James Horner, American composer and conductor (b. 1953)
    • 2017 – Mao Kobayashi, Japanese newscaster and actress (b. 1982)
    • 2017 – Quett Masire, Botswanan politician (b. 1926)
    • 2018 – Vinnie Paul, American musician (b. 1964)

    Holidays and observances on June 22

    • Christian feast day:
      • Aaron of Aleth
      • Alban, first recorded Martyr in Britain (commemoration, Anglicanism)
      • Blessed Pope Innocent V
      • Eusebius of Samosata (Orthodox Church)
      • John Fisher (Catholic Church)
      • Nicetas of Remesiana
      • Paulinus of Nola
      • Thomas More (Catholic Church)
      • June 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Anti-Fascist Struggle Day (Croatia)
    • Day of Remembrance of the Victims of the Great Patriotic War (Belarus)
    • Father’s Day (Guernsey, Isle of Man, and Jersey)
    • Teachers’ Day (El Salvador)

  • June 21 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    This day usually marks the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, which is the day of the year with the most hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere and the fewest hours of daylight in the Southern Hemisphere.

    June 21 in History

    • 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date).
    • 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong of the Yuan.
    • 1529 – French forces are driven out of northern Italy by Spain at the Battle of Landriano during the War of the League of Cognac.
    • 1582 – Sengoku period: Oda Nobunaga, the most powerful of the Japanese daimyōs, is forced to commit suicide by his own general Akechi Mitsuhide.
    • 1621 – Execution of 27 Czech noblemen on the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.
    • 1734 – In Montreal in New France, a slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique is put to death, having been convicted of setting the fire that destroyed much of the city.
    • 1749 – Halifax, Nova Scotia, is founded.
    • 1768 – James Otis Jr. offends the King and Parliament in a speech to the Massachusetts General Court.
    • 1788 – New Hampshire becomes the ninth state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.
    • 1791 – King Louis XVI of France and his immediate family begin the Flight to Varennes during the French Revolution.
    • 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: The British Army defeats Irish rebels at the Battle of Vinegar Hill.
    • 1813 – Peninsular War: Wellington defeats Joseph Bonaparte at the Battle of Vitoria.
    • 1824 – Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea.
    • 1826 – Maniots defeat Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha in the Battle of Vergas.
    • 1848 – In the Wallachian Revolution, Ion Heliade Rădulescu and Christian Tell issue the Proclamation of Islaz and create a new republican government.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Jerusalem Plank Road begins.
    • 1898 – The United States captures Guam from Spain. The few warning shots fired by the U.S. naval vessels are misinterpreted as salutes by the Spanish garrison, which was unaware that the two nations were at war.
    • 1900 – Boxer Rebellion. China formally declares war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict issued from the Empress Dowager Cixi.
    • 1915 – The U.S. Supreme Court hands down its decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down Oklahoma grandfather clause legislation which had the effect of denying the right to vote to blacks.
    • 1919 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg general strike.
    • 1919 – Admiral Ludwig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet at Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed are the last casualties of World War I.
    • 1929 – An agreement brokered by U.S. Ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow ends the Cristero War in Mexico.
    • 1930 – One-year conscription comes into force in France.
    • 1940 – World War II: Italy begins an unsuccessful invasion of France.
    • 1942 – World War II: Tobruk falls to Italian and German forces.
    • 1942 – World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by Japan against the United States mainland.
    • 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Okinawa ends when the organized resistance of Imperial Japanese Army forces collapses in the Mabuni area on the southern tip of the main island.
    • 1952 – The Philippine School of Commerce, through a republic act, is converted to Philippine College of Commerce, later to be the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
    • 1957 – Ellen Fairclough is sworn in as Canada’s first female Cabinet Minister.
    • 1963 – Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini is elected as Pope Paul VI.
    • 1964 – Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Michael Schwerner, are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi, United States, by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
    • 1970 – Penn Central declares Section 77 bankruptcy in what was the largest U.S. corporate bankruptcy to date.
    • 1973 – In its decision in Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller test for determining whether something is obscene and not protected speech under the U.S. constitution.
    • 1978 – The original production of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical, Evita, based on the life of Eva Perón, opens at the Prince Edward Theatre, London.
    • 1982 – John Hinckley is found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan.
    • 1989 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397, that American flag-burning is a form of political protest protected by the First Amendment.
    • 2000 – Section 28 (of the Local Government Act 1988), outlawing the ‘promotion’ of homosexuality in the United Kingdom, is repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote.
    • 2001 – A federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicts 13 Saudis and a Lebanese in the 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia that killed 19 American servicemen.
    • 2004 – SpaceShipOne becomes the first privately funded spaceplane to achieve spaceflight.
    • 2005 – Edgar Ray Killen, who had previously been unsuccessfully tried for the murders of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Mickey Schwerner, is convicted of manslaughter 41 years afterwards (the case had been reopened in 2004).
    • 2006 – Pluto’s newly discovered moons are officially named Nix and Hydra.
    • 2009 – Greenland assumes self-rule.
    • 2012 – A boat carrying more than 200 migrants capsizes in the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian island of Java and Christmas Island, killing 17 people and leaving 70 others missing.

    Births on June 21

    • 598 – Pope Martin I (d. 656)
    • 906 – Abu Ja’far Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Saffarid emir (d. 963)
    • 1002 – Pope Leo IX (d. 1054)
    • 1226 – Bolesław V the Chaste of Poland (d. 1279)
    • 1521 – John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev (d. 1580)
    • 1528 – Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1603)
    • 1535 – Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician and botanist (d. 1596)
    • 1630 – Samuel Oppenheimer, German Jewish banker and diplomat (d. 1703)
    • 1636 – Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d’Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon, French noble (d. 1721)
    • 1639 – Increase Mather, American minister and author (d. 1723)
    • 1676 – Anthony Collins, English philosopher and author (d. 1729)
    • 1706 – John Dollond, English optician and astronomer (d. 1761)
    • 1710 – James Short, Scottish-English mathematician and optician (d. 1768)
    • 1712 – Luc Urbain de Bouëxic, comte de Guichen, French admiral (d. 1790)
    • 1730 – Motoori Norinaga, Japanese poet and scholar (d. 1801)
    • 1732 – Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, German pianist and composer (d. 1791)
    • 1736 – Enoch Poor, American general (d. 1780)
    • 1741 – Prince Benedetto, Duke of Chablais (d. 1808)
    • 1750 – Pierre-Nicolas Beauvallet, French sculptor and illustrator (d. 1818)
    • 1759 – Alexander J. Dallas, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1817)
    • 1763 – Pierre Paul Royer-Collard, French philosopher and academic (d. 1845)
    • 1764 – Sidney Smith, English admiral and politician (d. 1840)
    • 1774 – Daniel D. Tompkins, American lawyer and politician, 6th Vice President of the United States (d. 1825)
    • 1781 – Siméon Denis Poisson, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1840)
    • 1786 – Charles Edward Horn, English singer-songwriter (d. 1849)
    • 1792 – Ferdinand Christian Baur, German theologian and scholar (d. 1860)
    • 1797 – Wilhelm Küchelbecker, Russian poet and author (d. 1846)
    • 1802 – Karl Zittel, German theologian (d. 1871)
    • 1805 – Karl Friedrich Curschmann, German composer and singer (d. 1841)
    • 1805 – Charles Thomas Jackson, American physician and geologist (d. 1880)
    • 1811 – Carlo Matteucci, Italian physicist and neurophysiologist (d. 1868)
    • 1814 – Anton Nuhn, German anatomist and academic (d. 1889)
    • 1823 – Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (d. 1873)
    • 1825 – Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie, Irish economist and jurist (d. 1882)
    • 1825 – William Stubbs, English bishop and historian (d. 1901)
    • 1828 – Ferdinand André Fouqué, French geologist and academic (d. 1904)
    • 1828 – Nikolaus Nilles, German Catholic writer and teacher (d. 1907)
    • 1834 – Frans de Cort, Flemish poet and author (d. 1878)
    • 1836 – Luigi Tripepi, Italian theologian (d. 1906)
    • 1839 – Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, Brazilian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1908)
    • 1845 – Samuel Griffith, Welsh-Australian politician, 9th Premier of Queensland (d. 1920)
    • 1845 – Arthur Cowper Ranyard, English astrophysicist and astronomer (d. 1894)
    • 1846 – Marion Adams-Acton, Scottish-English author and playwright (d. 1928)
    • 1846 – Enrico Coleman, Italian painter (d. 1911)
    • 1850 – Daniel Carter Beard, American author and illustrator, co-founded the Boy Scouts of America (d. 1941)
    • 1858 – Giuseppe De Sanctis, Italian painter (d. 1924)
    • 1858 – Medardo Rosso, Italian sculptor and educator (d. 1928)
    • 1859 – Henry Ossawa Tanner, American-French painter and illustrator (d. 1937)
    • 1862 – Damrong Rajanubhab, Thai historian and author (d. 1943)
    • 1863 – Max Wolf, German astronomer and academic (d. 1932)
    • 1864 – Heinrich Wölfflin, Swiss historian and critic (d. 1945)
    • 1867 – Oscar Florianus Bluemner, German-American painter and illustrator (d. 1938)
    • 1867 – William Brede Kristensen, Norwegian historian of religion (d. 1953)
    • 1868 – Edwin Stephen Goodrich, English zoologist and anatomist (d. 1946)
    • 1870 – Clara Immerwahr, Jewish-German chemist and academic (d. 1915)
    • 1870 – Anthony Michell, English-Australian engineer (d. 1959)
    • 1870 – Julio Ruelas, Mexican painter (d. 1907)
    • 1876 – Swami Kalyan Dev, philosopher  (d. 2004)
    • 1876 – Willem Hendrik Keesom, Dutch physicist and academic (d. 1956)
    • 1880 – Arnold Gesell, American psychologist and pediatrician (d. 1961)
    • 1880 – Josiah Stamp, 1st Baron Stamp, English economist and civil servant (d. 1941)
    • 1881 – (O.S.) Natalia Goncharova, Russian painter, costume designer, and illustrator (d. 1962)
    • 1882 – Lluís Companys, Spanish lawyer and politician, 123rd President of Catalonia (d. 1940)
    • 1882 – Adrianus de Jong, Dutch fencer and soldier (d. 1966)
    • 1882 – Rockwell Kent, American painter and illustrator (d. 1971)
    • 1883 – Feodor Gladkov, Russian author and educator (d. 1958)
    • 1884 – Claude Auchinleck, English field marshal (d. 1981)
    • 1887 – Norman L. Bowen, Canadian geologist and petrologist (d. 1956)
    • 1889 – Ralph Craig, American sprinter and sailor (d. 1972)
    • 1891 – Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian architect and engineer, co-designed the Pirelli Tower and Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Assumption (d. 1979)
    • 1891 – Hermann Scherchen, German-Swiss viola player and conductor (d. 1966)
    • 1892 – Reinhold Niebuhr, American theologian and academic (d. 1971)
    • 1893 – Alois Hába, Czech composer and educator (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – Milward Kennedy, English journalist and civil servant (d. 1968)
    • 1896 – Charles Momsen, American admiral, invented the Momsen lung (d. 1967)
    • 1898 – Donald C. Peattie, American botanist and author (d. 1964)
    • 1899 – Pavel Haas, Czech composer (d. 1944)
    • 1903 – Hermann Engelhard, German runner and coach (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – Al Hirschfeld, American caricaturist, painter and illustrator (d. 2003)
    • 1905 – Jacques Goddet, French journalist (d. 2000)
    • 1905 – Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and author (d. 1980)
    • 1908 – William Frankena, American philosopher and academic (d. 1994)
    • 1910 – Aleksandr Tvardovsky, Russian poet and author (d. 1971)
    • 1911 – Irving Fein, American producer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1912 – Kazimierz Leski, Polish pilot and engineer (d. 2000)
    • 1912 – Mary McCarthy, American novelist and critic (d. 1989)
    • 1912 – Vishnu Prabhakar, Indian author and playwright (d. 2009)
    • 1913 – Madihe Pannaseeha Thero, Sri Lankan monk and scholar (d. 2003)
    • 1913 – Luis Taruc, Filipino political activist (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – William Vickrey, Canadian-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
    • 1915 – Wilhelm Gliese, German soldier and astronomer (d. 1993)
    • 1916 – Joseph Cyril Bamford, English businessman, founded J. C. Bamford (d. 2001)
    • 1916 – Tchan Fou-li, Chinese photographer (d. 2018)
    • 1916 – Herbert Friedman, American physicist and astronomer (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Buddy O’Connor, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1977)
    • 1918 – Robert A. Boyd, Canadian engineer (d. 2006)
    • 1918 – James Joll, English historian, author, and academic (d. 1994)
    • 1918 – Eddie Lopat, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1992)
    • 1918 – Dee Molenaar, American mountaineer (d. 2020)
    • 1918 – Robert Roosa, American economist and banker (d. 1993)
    • 1918 – Tibor Szele, Hungarian mathematician and academic (d. 1955)
    • 1918 – Josephine Webb, American engineer
    • 1919 – Antonia Mesina, Italian martyr and saint (d. 1935)
    • 1919 – Gérard Pelletier, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1919 – Vladimir Simagin, Russian chess player and coach (d. 1968)
    • 1919 – Paolo Soleri, Italian-American architect, designed the Cosanti (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Hans Gerschwiler, Swiss figure skater (d. 2017)
    • 1921 – Judy Holliday, American actress and singer (d. 1965)
    • 1921 – Jane Russell, American actress and singer (d. 2011)
    • 1921 – William Edwin Self, American actor, producer, and production manager (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Burkinabé historian, politician and writer (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Jacques Hébert, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1924 – Pontus Hultén, Swedish art collector and historian (d. 2006)
    • 1924 – Ezzatolah Entezami, Iranian actor (d. 2018)
    • 1924 – Wally Fawkes, British-Canadian jazz clarinetist and a satirical cartoonist
    • 1924 – Jean Laplanche, French psychoanalyst and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Larisa Avdeyeva, Russian mezzo-soprano (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Stanley Moss, American poet, publisher, and art dealer
    • 1925 – Giovanni Spadolini, Italian journalist and politician, 45th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1994)
    • 1925 – Maureen Stapleton, American actress (d. 2006)
    • 1926 – Fred Cone, American football player
    • 1926 – Conrad Hall, French-American cinematographer (d. 2003)
    • 1927 – Carl Stokes, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Seychelles (d. 1996)
    • 1928 – Wolfgang Haken, German-American mathematician and academic
    • 1928 – Fiorella Mari, Brazilian-Italian actress
    • 1928 – Margit Bara, Hungarian actress (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Alexandre Lagoya, Egyptian-Greek guitarist and composer (d. 1999)
    • 1930 – Gerald Kaufman, English journalist and politician, Shadow Foreign Secretary (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Mike McCormack, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Zlatko Grgić, Croatian-Canadian animator, director, and screenwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1931 – Margaret Heckler, American journalist, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services
    • 1931 – David Kushnir, Israeli Olympic long-jumper
    • 1932 – Bernard Ingham, English journalist and civil servant
    • 1932 – Lalo Schifrin, Argentinian pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1932 – O.C. Smith, American R&B/jazz singer (d. 2001)
    • 1933 – Bernie Kopell, American actor and comedian
    • 1935 – Françoise Sagan, French author and playwright (d. 2004)
    • 1937 – John Edrich, English cricketer and coach
    • 1938 – Don Black, English songwriter
    • 1938 – John W. Dower, American historian and author
    • 1938 – Michael M. Richter, German mathematician and computer scientist
    • 1940 – Mariette Hartley, American actress and television personality
    • 1940 – Michael Ruse, Canadian philosopher and academic
    • 1941 – Aloysius Paul D’Souza, Indian bishop
    • 1941 – Joe Flaherty, American-Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1941 – Lyman Ward, Canadian actor
    • 1942 – Clive Brooke, Baron Brooke of Alverthorpe, English businessman and politician
    • 1942 – Marjorie Margolies, American journalist and politician
    • 1942 – Henry S. Taylor, American author and poet
    • 1942 – Togo D. West, Jr., American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 3rd United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs
    • 1943 – Eumir Deodato, Brazilian pianist, composer, and producer
    • 1943 – Diane Marleau, Canadian accountant and politician, Canadian Minister of Health (d. 2013)
    • 1943 – Brian Sternberg, American pole vaulter (d. 2013)
    • 1944 – Ray Davies, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1944 – Tony Scott, English-American director and producer (d. 2012)
    • 1945 – Robert Dewar, English-American computer scientist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1945 – Adam Zagajewski, Polish author and poet
    • 1946 – Per Eklund, Swedish race car driver
    • 1946 – Kate Hoey, Northern Irish-British academic and politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics
    • 1946 – Brenda Holloway, American singer-songwriter
    • 1946 – Trond Kirkvaag, Norwegian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1946 – Malcolm Rifkind, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1946 – Maurice Saatchi, Baron Saatchi, Iraqi-British businessman, founded M&C Saatchi and Saatchi & Saatchi
    • 1947 – Meredith Baxter, American actress
    • 1947 – Shirin Ebadi, Iranian lawyer, judge, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1947 – Michael Gross, American actor
    • 1947 – Joey Molland, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1947 – Wade Phillips, American football coach
    • 1947 – Fernando Savater, Spanish philosopher and author
    • 1948 – Jovan Aćimović, Serbian footballer and manager
    • 1948 – Ian McEwan, British novelist and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Andrzej Sapkowski, Polish author and translator
    • 1948 – Philippe Sarde, French composer and conductor
    • 1949 – John Agard, Guyanese-English author, poet, and playwright
    • 1949 – Derek Emslie, Lord Kingarth, Scottish lawyer and judge
    • 1950 – Anne Carson, Canadian poet and academic
    • 1950 – Joey Kramer, American rock drummer and songwriter (Aerosmith)
    • 1950 – Enn Reitel, Scottish actor and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Trygve Thue, Norwegian guitarist and record producer
    • 1950 – John Paul Young, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1951 – Jim Douglas, American academic and politician, 80th Governor of Vermont
    • 1951 – Terence Etherton, English lawyer and judge
    • 1951 – Alan Hudson, English footballer
    • 1951 – Nils Lofgren, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1951 – Lenore Manderson, Australian anthropologist and academic
    • 1951 – Mona-Lisa Pursiainen, Finnish sprinter (d. 2000)
    • 1952 – Judith Bingham, English singer-songwriter
    • 1952 – Jeremy Coney, New Zealand cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1952 – Patrick Dunleavy, English political scientist and academic
    • 1952 – Kōichi Mashimo, Japanese director and screenwriter
    • 1953 – Benazir Bhutto, Pakistani financier and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 2007)
    • 1954 – Már Guðmundsson, Icelandic economist, former Governor of Central Bank of Iceland
    • 1954 – Mark Kimmitt, American general and politician, 16th Assistant Secretary, Bureau of Political-Military Affairs
    • 1954 – Robert Menasse, Austrian author and academic
    • 1955 – Tim Bray, Canadian software developer and businessman
    • 1955 – Michel Platini, French footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Rick Sutcliffe, American baseball player and broadcaster
    • 1957 – Berkeley Breathed, American author and illustrator
    • 1957 – Luis Antonio Tagle, Filipino cardinal
    • 1958 – Víctor Montoya, Bolivian journalist and author
    • 1958 – Gennady Padalka, Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1959 – John Baron, English captain and politician
    • 1959 – Tom Chambers, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1959 – Marcella Detroit, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1959 – Kathy Mattea, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1960 – Kate Brown, American politician, 38th Governor of Oregon
    • 1960 – Karl Erjavec, Slovenian politician
    • 1961 – Manu Chao, French singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1961 – Sascha Konietzko, German keyboard player and producer
    • 1961 – Joko Widodo, Indonesian businessman and politician, 7th President of Indonesia
    • 1961 – Kip Winger, American rock singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1961 – Iztok Mlakar, Slovenian actor and singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Shōhei Takada, Japanese shogi player and theoretician
    • 1962 – Viktor Tsoi, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1990)
    • 1963 – Dario Marianelli, Italian pianist and composer
    • 1963 – Mike Sherrard, American football player
    • 1964 – David Morrissey, English actor and director
    • 1964 – Dimitris Papaioannou, Greek director and choreographer
    • 1964 – Dean Saunders, Welsh footballer and manager
    • 1964 – Doug Savant, American actor
    • 1965 – David Beerling, English biologist and academic
    • 1965 – Yang Liwei, Chinese general, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1965 – Ewen McKenzie, Australian rugby player and coach
    • 1965 – Lana Wachowski, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Gretchen Carlson, American model and television journalist, Miss America 1989
    • 1967 – Jim Breuer, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1967 – Derrick Coleman, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1967 – Pierre Omidyar, French-American businessman, founded eBay
    • 1967 – Carrie Preston, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1967 – Yingluck Shinawatra, Thai businesswoman and politician, 28th Prime Minister of Thailand
    • 1968 – Sonique, English singer-songwriter and DJ
    • 1970 – Eric Reed, American pianist and composer
    • 1971 – Tyronne Drakeford, American football player
    • 1972 – Nobuharu Asahara, Japanese sprinter and long jumper
    • 1972 – Neil Doak, Northern Irish cricketer and rugby player
    • 1972 – Irene van Dyk, South African-New Zealand netball player
    • 1973 – Juliette Lewis, American actress and singer-songwriter
    • 1973 – John Mitchell, English guitarist, vocalist and songwriter
    • 1974 – Rob Kelly, American football player
    • 1974 – Craig Lowndes, Australian race car driver
    • 1974 – Flavio Roma, Italian footballer
    • 1975 – Brian Simmons, American football player
    • 1976 – Shelley Craft, Australian television host
    • 1976 – Mike Einziger, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1976 – Nigel Lappin, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1977 – Michael Gomez, Irish boxer
    • 1977 – Al Wilson, American football player
    • 1978 – Thomas Blondeau, Flemish writer (d. 2013)
    • 1978 – Matt Kuchar, American golfer
    • 1978 – Cristiano Lupatelli, Italian footballer
    • 1978 – Gervase Markham, British software engineer (d. 2018)
    • 1978 – Dejan Ognjanović, Montenegrin footballer
    • 1978 – Rim’K, French rapper
    • 1979 – Kostas Katsouranis, Greek footballer
    • 1979 – Chris Pratt, American actor
    • 1980 – Michael Crocker, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1980 – Łukasz Cyborowski, Polish chess player
    • 1980 – Richard Jefferson, American basketball player
    • 1980 – Sendy Rleal, Dominican baseball player
    • 1981 – Yann Danis, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Garrett Jones, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Brandon Flowers, American singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Brad Walker, American pole vaulter
    • 1982 – Lee Dae-ho, South Korean baseball player
    • 1982 – Prince William, Duke of Cambridge
    • 1982 – Jussie Smollett, American actor and singer
    • 1983 – Edward Snowden, American activist and academic
    • 1985 – Lana Del Rey, American singer-songwriter
    • 1985 – Sentayehu Ejigu, Ethiopian runner
    • 1985 – Byron Schammer, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Kathleen O’Kelly-Kennedy, Australian wheelchair basketball player
    • 1986 – Hideaki Wakui, Japanese baseball player
    • 1987 – Pablo Barrera, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Sebastian Prödl, Austrian footballer
    • 1987 – Dale Thomas, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Allyssa DeHaan, American basketball and volleyball player
    • 1988 – Paolo Tornaghi, Italian footballer
    • 1988 – Thaddeus Young, American basketball player
    • 1989 – Abubaker Kaki, Sudanese runner
    • 1990 – Ričardas Berankis, Lithuanian tennis player
    • 1990 – Lunar C, English rapper
    • 1990 – François Moubandje, Swiss footballer
    • 1990 – Håvard Nordtveit, Norwegian footballer
    • 1991 – Gaël Kakuta, French footballer
    • 1992 – MAX, American singer, songwriter, actor, dancer and model
    • 1994 – Başak Eraydın, Turkish tennis player
    • 1996 – Tyrone May, Australian rugby league player
    • 1997 – Rebecca Black, American singer-songwriter
    • 1997 – Derrius Guice, American football player
    • 2011 – Lil Bub, American celebrity cat

    Deaths on June 21

    • 532 – Emperor Jiemin of Northern Wei, former Northern Wei emperor
    • 866 – Rodulf, Frankish archbishop
    • 868 – Ali al-Hadi, the tenth Imam of Shia Islam (b. 829)
    • 870 – Al-Muhtadi, Muslim caliph
    • 947 – Zhang Li, official of the Liao Dynasty
    • 1040 – Fulk III, Count of Anjou (b. 972)
    • 1171 – Walter de Luci, French-English monk (b. 1103)
    • 1208 – Philip of Swabia (b. 1177)
    • 1305 – Wenceslaus II of Bohemia (b. 1271)
    • 1359 – Erik Magnusson, king of Sweden (b. 1339)
    • 1377 – Edward III of England (b. 1312)
    • 1421 – Jean Le Maingre, French general (b. 1366)
    • 1527 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian historian and author (b. 1469)
    • 1529 – John Skelton, English poet and educator (b. 1460)
    • 1547 – Sebastiano del Piombo, Italian painter and educator (b. 1485)
    • 1558 – Piero Strozzi, Italian general (b. 1510)
    • 1582 – Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (b. 1534)
    • 1585 – Henry Percy, 8th Earl of Northumberland (b. 1532)
    • 1591 – Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint (b. 1568)
    • 1596 – Jean Liebault, French agronomist and physician (b. 1535)
    • 1621 – Louis III, Cardinal of Guise (b. 1575)
    • 1621 – Kryštof Harant, Czech soldier and composer (b. 1564)
    • 1622 – Salomon Schweigger, German theologian (b. 1551)
    • 1631 – John Smith, English admiral and explorer (b. 1580)
    • 1652 – Inigo Jones, English architect, designed the Queen’s House and Wilton House (b. 1573)
    • 1661 – Andrea Sacchi, Italian painter (b. 1599)
    • 1737 – Matthieu Marais, French author, critic, and jurist (b. 1664)
    • 1738 – Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1674)
    • 1796 – Richard Gridley, American soldier and engineer (b. 1710)
    • 1824 – Étienne Aignan, French playwright and translator (b. 1773)
    • 1865 – Frances Adeline Seward, American wife of William H. Seward (b. 1824)
    • 1874 – Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist and astronomer (b. 1814)
    • 1876 – Antonio López de Santa Anna, Mexican general and politician 8th President of Mexico (b. 1794)
    • 1880 – Theophilus H. Holmes, American general (b. 1804)
    • 1893 – Leland Stanford, American businessman and politician, 8th Governor of California (b. 1824)
    • 1908 – Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer and educator (b. 1844)
    • 1914 – Bertha von Suttner, Austrian journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1843)
    • 1929 – Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse, English sociologist, journalist, and academic (b. 1864)
    • 1934 – Thorne Smith, American author (b. 1892)
    • 1940 – Smedley Butler, American general, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1881)
    • 1940 – Édouard Vuillard, French painter (b. 1868)
    • 1951 – Charles Dillon Perrine, American astronomer (b. 1867)
    • 1951 – Gustave Sandras, French gymnast (b. 1872)
    • 1952 – Wop May, Canadian captain and pilot (b. 1896)
    • 1954 – Gideon Sundback, Swedish-American engineer, developed the zipper (b. 1880)
    • 1957 – Claude Farrère, French captain and author (b. 1876)
    • 1957 – Johannes Stark, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1874)
    • 1964 – James Chaney, American civil rights activist (b. 1943)
    • 1964 – Andrew Goodman, American civil rights activist (b. 1943)
    • 1964 – Michael Schwerner, American civil rights activist (b. 1939)
    • 1967 – Theodore Sizer, American professor of the history of art (b. 1892)
    • 1969 – Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (b. 1934)
    • 1970 – Sukarno, Indonesian engineer and politician, 1st President of Indonesia (b. 1901)
    • 1970 – Piers Courage, English race car driver (b. 1942)
    • 1976 – Margaret Herrick, American librarian (b. 1902)
    • 1980 – Bert Kaempfert, German conductor and composer (b. 1923)
    • 1981 – Don Figlozzi, American illustrator and animator (b. 1909)
    • 1985 – Hector Boyardee, Italian-American chef and businessman, founded Chef Boyardee (b. 1897)
    • 1985 – Tage Erlander, Swedish lieutenant and politician, 25th Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1901)
    • 1986 – Assi Rahbani, Lebanese singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1923)
    • 1987 – Madman Muntz, American engineer and businessman, founded the Muntz Car Company (b. 1914)
    • 1988 – Bobby Dodd, American football coach (b. 1908)
    • 1990 – Cedric Belfrage, English journalist and author, co-founded the National Guardian (b. 1904)
    • 1990 – June Christy, American singer (b. 1925)
    • 1992 – Ben Alexander, Australian rugby league player (b. 1971)
    • 1992 – Arthur Gorrie, Australian hobby shop proprietor (b. 1922)
    • 1992 – Rudra Mohammad Shahidullah, Bangladeshi poet, author, and playwright (b. 1956)
    • 1992 – Li Xiannian, Chinese captain and politician, 3rd President of the People’s Republic of China (b. 1909)
    • 1994 – William Wilson Morgan, American astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1906)
    • 1997 – Shintaro Katsu, Japanese actor, singer, director, and producer (b. 1931)
    • 1997 – Fidel Velázquez Sánchez, Mexican trade union leader (b. 1900)
    • 1998 – Harry Cranbrook Allen, English historian (b. 1917)
    • 1998 – Anastasio Ballestrero, Italian cardinal (b. 1913)
    • 1998 – Al Campanis, American baseball player and manager (b. 1916)
    • 1999 – Kami, Japanese drummer (b. 1973)
    • 2000 – Alan Hovhaness, Armenian-American pianist and composer (b. 1911)
    • 2001 – John Lee Hooker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1917)
    • 2001 – Soad Hosny, Egyptian actress and singer (b. 1942)
    • 2001 – Carroll O’Connor, American actor and producer (b. 1924)
    • 2002 – Timothy Findley, Canadian author and playwright (b. 1930)
    • 2003 – Roger Neilson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1934)
    • 2003 – Leon Uris, American soldier and author (b. 1924)
    • 2004 – Leonel Brizola, Brazilian engineer and politician, Governor of Rio de Janeiro (b. 1922)
    • 2004 – Ruth Leach Amonette, American businesswoman (b. 1916)
    • 2005 – Jaime Sin, Filipino cardinal (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Jared C. Monti, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1975)
    • 2007 – Bob Evans, American businessman, founded Bob Evans Restaurants (b. 1918)
    • 2008 – Scott Kalitta, American race car driver (b. 1962)
    • 2010 – Russell Ash, English author (b. 1946)
    • 2010 – Irwin Barker, Canadian actor and screenwriter (b. 1956)
    • 2010 – İlhan Selçuk, Turkish lawyer, journalist, and author (b. 1925)
    • 2011 – Robert Kroetsch, Canadian author and poet (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Richard Adler, American composer and producer (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Abid Hussain, Indian economist and diplomat, Indian Ambassador to the United States (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Sunil Janah, Indian photographer and journalist (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Anna Schwartz, American economist and author (b. 1915)
    • 2013 – James P. Gordon, American physicist and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Elliott Reid, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Yozo Ishikawa, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Defense (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Walter Kieber, Austrian-Liechtenstein politician, 7th Prime Minister of Liechtenstein (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Wong Ho Leng, Malaysian lawyer and politician (b. 1959)
    • 2015 – Darryl Hamilton, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1964)
    • 2015 – Veijo Meri, Finnish author and poet (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Remo Remotti, Italian actor, playwright, and poet (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski, German soldier and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2015 – Gunther Schuller, American horn player, composer, and conductor (b. 1925)
    • 2016 – Pierre Lalonde, Canadian television host and singer (b. 1941)
    • 2018 – Charles Krauthammer, American columnist and conservative political commentator (b.1950)

    Holidays and observances on June 21

    • Christian feast day:
      • Alban of Mainz
      • Aloysius Gonzaga
      • Engelmund of Velsen
      • Martin of Tongres
      • Onesimos Nesib (Lutheran)
      • June 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of the Martyrs (Togo)
    • Father’s Day (Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, Uganda, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates)
    • Go Skateboarding Day
    • International Yoga Day (international)
    • National Aboriginal Day (Canada)
    • Solstice-related observances (see also June 20):
      • Day of Private Reflection
      • International Surfing Day
      • National Day (Greenland)
      • We Tripantu, a winter solstice festival in the southern hemisphere. (Mapuche, southern Chile)
      • Willkakuti, an Andean-Amazonic New Year (Aymara)
      • Fête de la Musique
    • World Humanist Day (Humanism)
    • World Hydrography Day (international)

  • June 16 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
    • 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king (shah) of the Persian Empire. He becomes the last ruler of the Sasanian dynasty (modern Iran).
    • 1407 – Ming–Hồ War: Retired King Hồ Quý Ly and his son King Hồ Hán Thương of Hồ dynasty are captured by the Ming armies.
    • 1487 – Battle of Stoke Field: King Henry VII of England defeats the leaders of a Yorkist rebellion in the final engagement of the Wars of the Roses.
    • 1586 – Mary, Queen of Scots, recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir and successor.
    • 1745 – War of the Austrian Succession: New England colonial troops under the command of William Pepperrell capture the Fortress of Louisbourg in Louisbourg, New France (Old Style date).
    • 1746 – War of the Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
    • 1755 – French and Indian War: The French surrender Fort Beauséjour to the British, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians.
    • 1779 – Spain declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Great Siege of Gibraltar begins.
    • 1795 – French Revolutionary Wars: In what became known as Cornwallis’s Retreat, a British Royal Navy squadron led by Vice Admiral William Cornwallis strongly resists a much larger French Navy force and withdraws largely intact, setting up the French Navy defeat at the Battle of Groix six days later.
    • 1811 – Survivors of an attack the previous day by Tla-o-qui-aht on board the Pacific Fur Company’s ship Tonquin, intentionally detonate a powder magazine on the ship, destroying it and killing about 100 attackers.
    • 1815 – Battle of Ligny and Battle of Quatre Bras, two days before the Battle of Waterloo.
    • 1819 – A major earthquake strikes the Kutch district of western India, killing over 1,543 people and raising a 6 m high, 6 km wide, ridge, extending for at least 80 km, that was known as the Allah Bund (“Dam of God”).
    • 1836 – The formation of the London Working Men’s Association gives rise to the Chartist Movement.
    • 1846 – The Papal conclave of 1846 elects Pope Pius IX, beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy.
    • 1858 – Abraham Lincoln delivers his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
    • 1871 – The Universities Tests Act 1871 allows students to enter the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests (except for those intending to study theology).
    • 1883 – The Victoria Hall theatre panic in Sunderland, England, kills 183 children.
    • 1884 – The first purpose-built roller coaster, LaMarcus Adna Thompson’s “Switchback Railway”, opens in New York’s Coney Island amusement park.
    • 1897 – A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
    • 1903 – The Ford Motor Company is incorporated.
    • 1903 – Roald Amundsen leaves Oslo, Norway, to commence the first east-west navigation of the Northwest Passage.
    • 1904 – Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolay Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
    • 1904 – Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; this date is now traditionally called “Bloomsday”.
    • 1911 – IBM founded as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company in Endicott, New York.
    • 1922 – General election in the Irish Free State: The pro-Treaty Sinn Féin party wins a large majority.
    • 1925 – The most famous Young Pioneer camp of the Soviet Union, Artek, is established.
    • 1930 – Sovnarkom establishes decree time in the USSR.
    • 1933 – The National Industrial Recovery Act is passed in the United States, allowing businesses to avoid antitrust prosecution if they establish voluntary wage, price, and working condition regulations on an industry-wide basis.
    • 1940 – World War II: Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Chief of State of Vichy France (Chef de l’État Français).
    • 1940 – A Communist government is installed in Lithuania.
    • 1944 – In a gross miscarriage of justice, George Junius Stinney Jr., age 14, becomes the youngest person executed in the United States in the 20th century after being convicted in a two-hour trial for the rape and murder of two teenage white girls.
    • 1948 – Members of the Malayan Communist Party kill three British plantation managers in Sungai Siput; in response, British Malaya declares a state of emergency.
    • 1955 – In a futile effort to topple Argentine President Juan Perón, rogue aircraft pilots of the Argentine Navy drop several bombs upon an unarmed crowd demonstrating in favor of Perón in Buenos Aires, killing 364 and injuring at least 800. At the same time on the ground, some soldiers attempt to stage a coup but are suppressed by loyal forces.
    • 1958 – Imre Nagy, Pál Maléter and other leaders of the 1956 Hungarian Uprising are executed.
    • 1961 – While on tour with the Kirov Ballet in Paris, Rudolf Nureyev defects from the Soviet Union.
    • 1963 – Soviet Space Program: Vostok 6 mission: Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space.
    • 1972 – The largest single-site hydroelectric power project in Canada is inaugurated at Churchill Falls Generating Station.
    • 1976 – Soweto uprising: A non-violent march by 15,000 students in Soweto, South Africa, turns into days of rioting when police open fire on the crowd.
    • 1977 – Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL), by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.
    • 1981 – US President Ronald Reagan awards the Congressional Gold Medal to Ken Taylor, Canada’s former ambassador to Iran, for helping six Americans escape from Iran during the hostage crisis of 1979–81; he is the first foreign citizen bestowed the honor.
    • 1989 – Revolutions of 1989: Imre Nagy, the former Hungarian prime minister, is reburied in Budapest following the collapse of Communism in Hungary.
    • 1997 – Fifty people are killed in the Daïat Labguer (M’sila) massacre in Algeria.
    • 2000 – The Secretary-General of the UN reports that Israel has complied with United Nations Security Council Resolution 425, 22 years after its issuance, and completely withdrew from Lebanon. The Resolution does not encompass the Shebaa farms, which is claimed by Israel, Syria and Lebanon.
    • 2010 – Bhutan becomes the first country to institute a total ban on tobacco.
    • 2012 – China successfully launches its Shenzhou 9 spacecraft, carrying three astronauts, including the first female Chinese astronaut Liu Yang, to the Tiangong-1 orbital module.
    • 2012 – The United States Air Force’s robotic Boeing X-37B spaceplane returns to Earth after a classified 469-day orbital mission
    • 2013 – A multi-day cloudburst, centered on the North Indian state of Uttarakhand, causes devastating floods and landslides, becoming the country’s worst natural disaster since the 2004 tsunami.
    • 2016 – Shanghai Disneyland Park, the first Disney Park in Mainland China, opens to the public.
    • 2019 – Upwards of 2,000,000 people participate in the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, the largest in Hong Kong’s history.

    Births on June 16

    • 1139 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (d. 1155)
    • 1332 – Isabella de Coucy, English daughter of Edward III of England (d. 1379)
    • 1454 – Joanna of Aragon, Queen of Naples (d. 1517)
    • 1514 – John Cheke, English academic and politician, English Secretary of State (d. 1557)
    • 1516 – Yang Jisheng, Ming dynasty official and Confucian martyr (d. 1555)
    • 1583 – Axel Oxenstierna, Swedish politician, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden (d. 1654)
    • 1591 – Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Greek-Italian physician, mathematician, and theorist (d. 1655)
    • 1606 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier and politician (d. 1675)
    • 1613 – John Cleveland, English poet and educator (d. 1658)
    • 1625 – Samuel Chappuzeau, French scholar (d. 1701)
    • 1633 – Jean de Thévenot, French linguist and botanist (d. 1667)
    • 1644 – Henrietta Anne Stuart, Princess of Scotland, England and Ireland (d. 1670)
    • 1653 – James Bertie, 1st Earl of Abingdon, English nobleman (d. 1699)
    • 1713 – Meshech Weare, American farmer, lawyer, and politician, 1st Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1786)
    • 1723 – Adam Smith, Scottish philosopher and economist (d. 1790)
    • 1738 – Mary Katherine Goddard, American publisher (d. 1816)
    • 1754 – Salawat Yulayev, Russian poet (d. 1800)
    • 1792 – John Linnell, English painter and engraver (d. 1882)
    • 1801 – Julius Plücker, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1868)
    • 1806 – Edward Davy, English physician and chemist (d. 1885)
    • 1813 – Otto Jahn, German archaeologist and philologist (d. 1869)
    • 1820 – Athanase Josué Coquerel, Dutch-French preacher and theologian (d. 1875)
    • 1821 – Old Tom Morris, Scottish golfer and architect (d. 1908)
    • 1826 – Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist and botanist (d. 1897)
    • 1829 – Geronimo, American tribal leader (d. 1909)
    • 1836 – Wesley Merritt, American general and politician, Military Governor of the Philippines (d. 1910)
    • 1837 – Ernst Laas, German philosopher and academic (d. 1885)
    • 1838 – Frederic Archer, English organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1901)
    • 1838 – Cushman Kellogg Davis, American lieutenant and politician, 7th Governor of Minnesota (d. 1900)
    • 1840 – Ernst Otto Schlick, German engineer and author (d. 1913)
    • 1850 – Max Delbrück, German chemist and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1857 – Arthur Arz von Straußenburg, Austrian-Hungarian general (d. 1935)
    • 1858 – Gustaf V of Sweden (d. 1950)
    • 1863 – Francisco León de la Barra, Mexican politician and diplomat (d. 1939)
    • 1866 – Germanos Karavangelis, Greek-Austrian metropolitan (d. 1935)
    • 1874 – Arthur Meighen, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1960)
    • 1880 – Otto Eisenschiml, Austrian-American chemist and author (d. 1963)
    • 1882 – Mohammad Mosaddegh, Iranian educator and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Iran (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Erich Jacoby, Estonian-Polish architect (d. 1941)
    • 1888 – Alexander Friedmann, Russian physicist and mathematician (d. 1925)
    • 1888 – Peter Stoner, American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1980)
    • 1890 – Stan Laurel, English actor and comedian (d. 1965)
    • 1896 – Murray Leinster, American author and screenwriter (d. 1976)
    • 1897 – Georg Wittig, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
    • 1899 – Helen Traubel, American operatic soprano (d. 1972)
    • 1902 – Barbara McClintock, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1992)
    • 1902 – George Gaylord Simpson, American paleontologist and author (d. 1984)
    • 1906 – Alan Fairfax, Australian cricketer (d. 1955)
    • 1907 – Jack Albertson, American actor (d. 1981)
    • 1909 – Archie Carr, American ecologist and zoologist (d. 1987)
    • 1910 – Juan Velasco Alvarado, Peruvian general and politician, 1st President of Peru (d. 1977)
    • 1912 – Albert Chartier, Canadian illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – Enoch Powell, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Health (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Eleanor Sokoloff, American pianist and teacher
    • 1915 – John Tukey, American mathematician and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1915 – Marga Faulstich, German glass chemist (d. 1998)
    • 1917 – Phaedon Gizikis, Greek general and politician, President of Greece (d. 1999)
    • 1917 – Katharine Graham, American publisher (d. 2001)
    • 1917 – Aurelio Lampredi, Italian automobile and aircraft engine designer (d. 1989)
    • 1917 – Irving Penn, American photographer (d. 2009)
    • 1920 – Isabelle Holland, Swiss-American author (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – Raymond Lemieux, Canadian chemist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – José López Portillo, Mexican lawyer and politician, 31st President of Mexico (d. 2004)
    • 1920 – Hemanta Mukharjee, Indian singer and music director
    • 1922 – Ilmar Kullam, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Ron Flockhart, Scottish race car driver (d. 1962)
    • 1924 – Faith Domergue, American actress (d. 1999)
    • 1925 – Jean d’Ormesson, French journalist and author (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Otto Muehl, Austrian-Portuguese painter and director (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Efraín Ríos Montt, Guatemalan general and politician, 26th President of Guatemala (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Tom Graveney, English cricketer and sportscaster (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Herbert Lichtenfeld, German author and screenwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1927 – Ariano Suassuna, Brazilian author and playwright (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait
    • 1930 – Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian-American cinematographer and producer (d. 2016)
    • 1934 – Eileen Atkins, English actress and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Roger Neilson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2003)
    • 1935 – Jim Dine, American painter and illustrator
    • 1937 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Bulgarian politician, 48th Prime Minister of Bulgaria
    • 1937 – Erich Segal, American author and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Thomas Boyd-Carpenter, English general
    • 1938 – Torgny Lindgren, Swedish author and poet (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Joyce Carol Oates, American novelist, short story writer, critic, and poet
    • 1939 – Billy “Crash” Craddock, American singer-songwriter
    • 1940 – Māris Čaklais, Latvian poet, writer, and journalist (d. 2003)
    • 1940 – Neil Goldschmidt, American lawyer and politician, 33rd Governor of Oregon
    • 1941 – Rosalind Baker, Australian author
    • 1941 – Lamont Dozier, American songwriter and producer
    • 1941 – Tommy Horton, English golfer (d. 2017)
    • 1941 – Mumtaz Hamid Rao, Pakistani journalist (d. 2011)
    • 1942 – Giacomo Agostini, Italian motorcycle racer and manager
    • 1942 – Eddie Levert, American R&B/soul singer-songwriter, musician, and actor
    • 1944 – Henri Richelet, French painter and etcher
    • 1945 – Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1945 – Lucienne Robillard, Canadian social worker and politician, 59th Secretary of State for Canada
    • 1946 – Rick Adelman, American basketball player and coach
    • 1946 – John Astor, 3rd Baron Astor of Hever, English businessman and politician
    • 1946 – Karen Dunnell, English statistician and academic
    • 1946 – Tom Harrell, American trumpet player and composer
    • 1946 – Neil MacGregor, Scottish historian and curator
    • 1946 – Iain Matthews, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1946 – Jodi Rell, American politician, 87th Governor of Connecticut
    • 1946 – Mark Ritts, American actor, puppeteer, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Derek Sanderson, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1946 – Simon Williams, English actor and playwright
    • 1947 – Tom Malone, American trombonist, composer, and producer
    • 1947 – Buddy Roberts, American wrestler (d. 2012)
    • 1947 – Al Cowlings, American ex-NFL player and close friend of O.J. Simpson and Nicole Brown Simpson
    • 1947 – Tom Wyner, English-American voice actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Ron LeFlore, American baseball player and manager
    • 1949 – Paulo Cézar Caju, Brazilian footballer
    • 1949 – Ralph Mann, American hurdler and author
    • 1950 – Mithun Chakraborty, Indian actor and politician
    • 1950 – Michel Clair, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – Jerry Petrowski, American politician and farmer
    • 1951 – Charlie Dominici, American singer and guitarist
    • 1951 – Roberto Durán, Panamanian boxer
    • 1952 – George Papandreou, Greek sociologist and politician, 182nd Prime Minister of Greece
    • 1952 – Gino Vannelli, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1953 – Valerie Mahaffey, American actress
    • 1953 – Ian Mosley, English drummer
    • 1954 – Matthew Saad Muhammad, American boxer and trainer (d. 2014)
    • 1954 – Garry Roberts, Irish guitarist
    • 1955 – Grete Faremo, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Defence
    • 1955 – Laurie Metcalf, American actress
    • 1955 – Artemy Troitsky, Russian journalist and critic
    • 1957 – Ian Buchanan, Scottish-American actor
    • 1957 – Leeona Dorrian, Lady Dorrian, Scottish lawyer and judge
    • 1958 – Darrell Griffith, American basketball player
    • 1958 – Ulrike Tauber, German swimmer
    • 1958 – Warren Rodwell, Australian soldier, educator and musician
    • 1959 – The Ultimate Warrior, American wrestler (d. 2014)
    • 1960 – Peter Sterling, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1961 – Can Dündar, Turkish journalist and author
    • 1961 – Robbie Kerr, Australian cricketer
    • 1961 – Steve Larmer, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1961 – Margus Metstak, Estonian basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Wally Joyner, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Arnold Vosloo, South African-American actor
    • 1962 – Anthony Wong, Hong Kong singer
    • 1963 – The Sandman, American wrestler
    • 1964 – Danny Burstein, American actor and singer
    • 1965 – Michael Richard Lynch, Irish computer scientist and entrepreneur; co-founded HP Autonomy
    • 1965 – Richard Madaleno, American politician
    • 1966 – Mark Occhilupo, Australian surfer
    • 1966 – Olivier Roumat, French rugby player
    • 1966 – Phil Vischer, American voice actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, co-created VeggieTales
    • 1966 – Jan Železný, Czech javelin thrower and coach
    • 1967 – Charalambos Andreou, Cypriot footballer
    • 1967 – Jürgen Klopp, German footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Adam Schmitt, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer
    • 1969 – Shami Chakrabarti, English lawyer and academic
    • 1969 – Mark Crossley, English-Welsh footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Younus AlGohar, Pakistani poet and academic, co-founded Messiah Foundation International
    • 1970 – Clifton Collins Jr., American actor
    • 1970 – Cobi Jones, American soccer player and manager
    • 1970 – Phil Mickelson, American golfer
    • 1971 – Tupac Shakur, American rapper and producer (d. 1996)
    • 1972 – Kiko Loureiro, Brazilian guitarist
    • 1973 – Eddie Cibrian, American actor
    • 1974 – Glenicia James, Saint Lucian cricketer
    • 1975 – Anthony Carter, American basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – Craig Fitzgibbon, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1977 – Duncan Hames, English accountant and politician
    • 1977 – Kerry Wood, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Daniel Brühl, Spanish-German actor
    • 1978 – Dainius Zubrus, Lithuanian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Fish Leong, Malaysian singer
    • 1980 – Brandon Armstrong, American basketball player
    • 1980 – Phil Christophers, German-English rugby player
    • 1980 – Henry Perenara, New Zealand rugby league player and referee
    • 1980 – Martin Stranzl, Austrian footballer
    • 1980 – Joey Yung, Hong Kong singer
    • 1981 – Benjamin Becker, German tennis player
    • 1981 – Kevin Bieksa, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Alexandre Giroux, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Ola Kvernberg, Norwegian violinist
    • 1981 – Miguel Villalta, Peruvian footballer
    • 1982 – May Andersen, Danish model and actress
    • 1982 – Missy Peregrym, Canadian model and actress
    • 1983 – Armend Dallku, Albanian footballer
    • 1984 – Rick Nash, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Dan Ryckert, American writer and entertainer
    • 1984 – Steven Whittaker, Scottish footballer
    • 1986 – Rodrigo Defendi, Brazilian footballer
    • 1986 – Urby Emanuelson, Dutch footballer
    • 1986 – Fernando Muslera, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1987 – Diana DeGarmo, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1987 – Per Ciljan Skjelbred, Norwegian footballer
    • 1987 – Christian Tshimanga Kabeya, Belgian footballer
    • 1988 – Keshia Chante, Canadian singer
    • 1988 – Jermaine Gresham, American football player
    • 1990 – John Newman, English musician, singer, songwriter and record producer
    • 1991 – Joe McElderry, English singer-songwriter
    • 1991 – Siya Kolisi, South African rugby player
    • 1991 – Matt Moylan, Australian rugby league player
    • 1992 – Vladimir Morozov, Russian swimmer
    • 1993 – Park Bo-gum, South Korean actor
    • 1993 – Gnash, American singer, songwriter, rapper, DJ and record producer
    • 1994 – Grete-Lilijane Küppas, Estonian footballer
    • 1994 – Rezar, Albanian professional wrestler
    • 1995 – Euan Aitken, Australian rugby league player
    • 1995 – Joseph Schooling, Singaporean swimmer
    • 1995 – Akira Ioane, New Zealand rugby Union player
    • 2000 – Bianca Andreescu, Canadian tennis player

    Deaths on June 16

    • 840 – Rorgon I, Frankish nobleman (or 839)
    • 924 – Li Cunshen, general of Later Tang (b. 862)
    • 956 – Hugh the Great, Frankish nobleman (b. 898)
    • 1185 – Richeza of Poland, queen of León (b. c. 1140)
    • 1286 – Hugh de Balsham, English bishop
    • 1332 – Adam de Brome, founder of Oriel College, Oxford
    • 1361 – Johannes Tauler, German mystic theologian
    • 1397 – Philip of Artois, Count of Eu, French soldier (b. 1358)
    • 1424 – Johannes Ambundii, archbishop of Riga
    • 1468 – Jean Le Fèvre de Saint-Remy, Burgundian historian and author (b. 1395)
    • 1487 – John de la Pole, 1st Earl of Lincoln (b. c. 1463)
    • 1540 – Konrad von Thüngen, German nobleman (b. c. 1466)
    • 1622 – Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Lord Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1555)
    • 1626 – Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, German Protestant military leader (b. 1599)
    • 1666 – Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1st Baronet, English poet and diplomat, English Ambassador to Spain (b. 1608)
    • 1722 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire (b. 1650)
    • 1743 – Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, eldest daughter of King Louis XIV of France (b. 1673)
    • 1752 – Joseph Butler, English bishop and philosopher (b. 1692)
    • 1762 – Anne Russell, Countess of Jersey (formerly Duchess of Bedford) (b. c.1705)
    • 1777 – Jean-Baptiste-Louis Gresset, French poet and playwright (b. 1709)
    • 1779 – Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet, English lawyer and politician, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (b. 1712)
    • 1804 – Johann Adam Hiller, German composer and conductor (b. 1728)
    • 1824 – Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, French lawyer and politician (b. 1739)
    • 1849 – Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, German theologian and scholar (b. 1780)
    • 1850 – William Lawson, English-Australian explorer and politician (b. 1774)
    • 1858 – John Snow, English epidemiologist and physician (b. 1813)
    • 1862 – Hidenoyama Raigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 9th Yokozuna (b. 1808)
    • 1869 – Charles Sturt, Indian-English botanist and explorer (b. 1795)
    • 1872 – Norman MacLeod, Scottish minister and author (b. 1812)
    • 1878 – Crawford Long, American surgeon and pharmacist (b. 1815)
    • 1878 – Kikuchi Yōsai, Japanese painter (b. 1781)
    • 1881 – Josiah Mason, English businessman and philanthropist (b. 1795)
    • 1885 – Wilhelm Camphausen, German painter and academic (b. 1818)
    • 1886 – Alexander Stuart, Scottish-Australian politician, 9th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1824)
    • 1902 – Ernst Schröder, German mathematician and academic (b. 1841)
    • 1918 – Bazil Assan, Romanian engineer and explorer (b. 1860)
    • 1925 – Chittaranjan Das, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1870)
    • 1929 – Bramwell Booth, English 2nd General of The Salvation Army (b. 1856)
    • 1929 – Vernon Louis Parrington, American historian and scholar (b. 1871)
    • 1930 – Ezra Fitch, American lawyer and businessman, co-founded Abercrombie & Fitch (b. 1866)
    • 1930 – Elmer Ambrose Sperry, American inventor, co-invented the gyrocompass (b. 1860)
    • 1939 – Chick Webb, American drummer and bandleader (b. 1905)
    • 1940 – DuBose Heyward, American author (b. 1885)
    • 1944 – Marc Bloch, French historian and academic (b. 1886)
    • 1945 – Aris Velouchiotis, Greek general (b. 1905)
    • 1946 – Gordon Brewster, Irish cartoonist (b 1889)
    • 1952 – Andrew Lawson, Scottish-American geologist and academic (b. 1861)
    • 1953 – Margaret Bondfield, English politician, Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (b. 1873)
    • 1955 – Ozias Leduc, Canadian painter (b. 1864)
    • 1958 – Pál Maléter, Hungarian general and politician, Minister of Defence of Hungary (b. 1917)
    • 1958 – Imre Nagy, Hungarian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1895)
    • 1959 – George Reeves, American actor and director (b. 1914)
    • 1961 – Marcel Junod, Swiss physician and anesthesiologist (b. 1904)
    • 1967 – Reginald Denny, English actor (b. 1891)
    • 1969 – Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, English field marshal and politician, 17th Governor General of Canada (b. 1891)
    • 1970 – Sydney Chapman, English mathematician and geophysicist (b. 1888)
    • 1970 – Brian Piccolo, American football player (b. 1943)
    • 1971 – John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, Scottish broadcaster, co-founded BBC (b. 1889)
    • 1974 – Amalie Sara Colquhoun, Australian landscape and portrait painter (b. 1894)
    • 1977 – Wernher von Braun, German-American physicist and engineer (b. 1912)
    • 1979 – Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, Ghanaian general and politician, 6th Head of state of Ghana (b. 1931)
    • 1979 – Nicholas Ray, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1911)
    • 1981 – Thomas Playford IV, Australian politician, 33rd Premier of South Australia (b. 1896)
    • 1982 – James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist and songwriter (b. 1956)
    • 1984 – Lew Andreas, American football player and coach (b. 1895)
    • 1984 – Erni Krusten, Estonian author and poet (b. 1900)
    • 1986 – Maurice Duruflé, French organist and composer (b. 1902)
    • 1987 – Marguerite de Angeli, American author and illustrator (b. 1889)
    • 1988 – Miguel Piñero, Puerto Rican-American actor and playwright (b. 1946)
    • 1993 – Lindsay Hassett, Australian cricketer and soldier (b. 1913)
    • 1994 – Kristen Pfaff, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1967)
    • 1996 – Mel Allen, American sportscaster and game show host (b. 1913)
    • 1997 – Dal Stivens, Australian soldier and author (b. 1911)
    • 1998 – Fred Wacker, American race car driver and engineer (b. 1918)
    • 1999 – Screaming Lord Sutch, English singer and activist (b. 1940)
    • 2003 – Pierre Bourgault, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2003 – Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish–Swedish philosopher and author (b. 1916)
    • 2004 – Thanom Kittikachorn, Thai field marshal and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1911)
    • 2004 – Jacques Miquelon, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican-American author and critic (b. 1906)
    • 2008 – Mario Rigoni Stern, Italian soldier and author (b. 1921)
    • 2010 – Marc Bazin, Haitian lawyer and politician, 49th President of Haiti (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Maureen Forrester, Canadian singer and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2010 – Ronald Neame, English director, producer, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1911)
    • 2011 – Östen Mäkitalo, Swedish engineer and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Nils Karlsson, Swedish skier (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Jorge Lankenau, Mexican banker and businessman (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Sławomir Petelicki, Polish general (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Susan Tyrrell, American actress (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Sam Farber, American businessman, co-founded OXO (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Hans Hass, Austrian biologist and diver (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Khondakar Ashraf Hossain, Bangladesh poet and academic (b. 1950)
    • 2013 – Norman Ian MacKenzie, English journalist and author (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Ottmar Walter, German footballer (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Tony Gwynn, American baseball player and coach (b. 1960)
    • 2014 – Cándido Muatetema Rivas (b. 1960), Equatoguinean politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea
    • 2015 – Charles Correa, Indian architect and urban planner (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Jean Vautrin, French director, screenwriter, and critic (b. 1933)
    • 2016 – Jo Cox, English political activist and MP (b. 1974)
    • 2017 – Helmut Kohl, German politician, 6th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1930)
    • 2020 – Eduardo Cojuangco Jr. (b. 1935), Filipino businessman and politician

    Holidays and observances on June 16

    • Juneteenth (United States)
    • Birthday of Leonard P. Howell (Rastafari)
    • Bloomsday (Dublin, Ireland)
    • Christian feast days:
      • Aurelianus of Arles
      • Aureus of Mainz (and his sister Justina)
      • Benno
      • Cettin of Oran
      • Curig of Llanbadarn
      • Ferreolus and Ferrutio
      • George Berkeley and Joseph Butler (Episcopal Church)
      • Lutgardis
      • Quriaqos and Julietta
      • June 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Engineer’s Day (Argentina)
    • Father’s Day (Seychelles)
    • International Day of the African Child (Organisation of African Unity)
    • Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev (Sikhism)
    • Sussex Day (Sussex)
    • Youth Day (South Africa)

  • June 7- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).
    • 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state.
    • 1002 – Henry II, a cousin of Emperor Otto III, is elected and crowned King of Germany.
    • 1099 – First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins.
    • 1420 – Troops of the Republic of Venice capture Udine, ending the independence of the Patria del Friuli.
    • 1494 – Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries.
    • 1628 – The Petition of Right, a major English constitutional document, is granted the Royal Assent by Charles I and becomes law.
    • 1654 – Louis XIV is crowned King of France.
    • 1692 – Port Royal, Jamaica, is hit by a catastrophic earthquake; in just three minutes, 1,600 people are killed and 3,000 are seriously injured.
    • 1776 – Richard Henry Lee presents the “Lee Resolution” to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and will lead to the United States Declaration of Independence.
    • 1788 – French Revolution: Day of the Tiles: Civilians in Grenoble toss roof tiles and various objects down upon royal troops.
    • 1800 – David Thompson reaches the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in Manitoba.
    • 1810 – The newspaper Gazeta de Buenos Ayres is first published in Argentina.
    • 1832 – The Great Reform Act of England and Wales receives royal assent.
    • 1832 – Asian cholera reaches Quebec, brought by Irish immigrants, and kills about 6,000 people in Lower Canada.
    • 1862 – The United States and the United Kingdom agree in the Lyons–Seward Treaty to suppress the African slave trade.
    • 1863 – During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.
    • 1866 – One thousand eight hundred Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after looting and plundering the Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg areas of Canada East.
    • 1880 – War of the Pacific: The Battle of Arica, the assault and capture of Morro de Arica (Arica Cape), ends the Campaña del Desierto (Desert Campaign).
    • 1892 – Homer Plessy is arrested for refusing to leave his seat in the “whites-only” car of a train; he lost the resulting court case, Plessy v. Ferguson.
    • 1899 – American Temperance crusader Carrie Nation begins her campaign of vandalizing alcohol-serving establishments by destroying the inventory in a saloon in Kiowa, Kansas.
    • 1905 – Norway’s parliament dissolves its union with Sweden. The vote was confirmed by a national plebiscite on August 13 of that year.
    • 1906 – Cunard Line’s RMS Lusitania is launched from the John Brown Shipyard, Glasgow (Clydebank), Scotland.
    • 1917 – World War I: Battle of Messines: Allied soldiers detonate a series of mines underneath German trenches at Messines Ridge, killing 10,000 German troops.
    • 1919 – Sette Giugno: Nationalist riots break out in Valletta, the capital of Malta. British soldiers fire into the crowd, killing four people.
    • 1929 – The Lateran Treaty is ratified, bringing Vatican City into existence.
    • 1938 – The Douglas DC-4E makes its first test flight.
    • 1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Nationalist government creates the 1938 Yellow River flood to halt Japanese forces. Five hundred to nine hundred thousand civilians are killed.
    • 1940 – King Haakon VII, Crown Prince Olav and the Norwegian government leave Tromsø and go into exile in London. They return exactly five years later.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Battle of Midway ends in American victory.
    • 1942 – World War II: Aleutian Islands Campaign: Imperial Japanese soldiers begin occupying the American islands of Attu and Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska.
    • 1944 – World War II: The steamer Danae, carrying 350 Cretan Jews and 250 Cretan partisans, is sunk without survivors off the shore of Santorini.
    • 1944 – World War II: Battle of Normandy: At Ardenne Abbey, members of the SS Division Hitlerjugend massacre 23 Canadian prisoners of war.
    • 1945 – King Haakon VII of Norway returns from exactly five years in exile during World War II.
    • 1946 – The United Kingdom’s BBC returns to broadcasting its television service, which has been off air for seven years because of the Second World War.
    • 1948 – Anti-Jewish riots in Oujda and Jerada take place.
    • 1948 – Edvard Beneš resigns as President of Czechoslovakia rather than signing the Ninth-of-May Constitution, making his nation a Communist state.
    • 1955 – Lux Radio Theatre signs off the air permanently. The show launched in New York in 1934, and featured radio adaptations of Broadway shows and popular films.
    • 1962 – The Organisation Armée Secrète (OAS) sets fire to the University of Algiers library building, destroying about 500,000 books.
    • 1965 – The Supreme Court of the United States hands down its decision in Griswold v. Connecticut, prohibiting the states from criminalizing the use of contraception by married couples.
    • 1967 – Six-Day War: Israeli soldiers enter Jerusalem.
    • 1971 – The United States Supreme Court overturns the conviction of Paul Cohen for disturbing the peace, setting the precedent that vulgar writing is protected under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.
    • 1971 – The Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Division of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service raids the home of Ken Ballew for illegal possession of hand grenades.
    • 1977 – Five hundred million people watch the high day of the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II begin on television.
    • 1981 – The Israeli Air Force destroys Iraq’s Osiraq nuclear reactor during Operation Opera.
    • 1982 – Priscilla Presley opens Graceland to the public; the bathroom where Elvis Presley died five years earlier is kept off-limits.
    • 1989 – Surinam Airways Flight 764 crashes on approach to Paramaribo-Zanderij International Airport in Suriname because of pilot error, killing 176 of 187 aboard.
    • 1991 – Mount Pinatubo erupts, generating an ash column 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) high.
    • 2000 – The United Nations defines the Blue Line as the border between Israel and Lebanon.
    • 2013 – A bus catches fire in the Chinese city of Xiamen, killing at least 47 people and injuring more than 34 others.
    • 2013 – A gunman opens fire at Santa Monica College in Santa Monica, California, after setting a house on fire nearby, killing six people, including the suspect.
    • 2014 – At least 37 people are killed in an attack in the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s South Kivu province.

    Births on June 7

    • 1003 – Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia (d. 1048)
    • 1402 – Ichijō Kaneyoshi, Japanese noble (d. 1481)
    • 1422 – Federico da Montefeltro, Italian condottiero (d. 1482)
    • 1502 – John III of Portugal (d. 1557)
    • 1529 – Étienne Pasquier, French lawyer and jurist (d. 1615)
    • 1687 – Gaetano Berenstadt, Italian actor and singer (d. 1734)
    • 1702 – Louis George, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1761)
    • 1757 – Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (d. 1806)
    • 1761 – John Rennie the Elder, Scottish engineer (d. 1821)
    • 1770 – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1828)
    • 1778 – Beau Brummell, English cricketer and fashion designer (d. 1840)
    • 1811 – James Young Simpson, Scottish obstetrician (d. 1870)
    • 1831 – Amelia Edwards, English journalist and author (d. 1892)
    • 1837 – Alois Hitler, Austrian civil servant (d. 1903)
    • 1840 – Carlota of Mexico (d. 1927)
    • 1845 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1930)
    • 1847 – George Washington Ball, American legislator from Iowa (d. 1915)
    • 1848 – Paul Gauguin, French painter and sculptor (d. 1903)
    • 1851 – Ture Malmgren, Swedish journalist and politician (d. 1922)
    • 1861 – Robina Nicol, New Zealand photographer and suffragist (d. 1942)
    • 1862 – Philipp Lenard, Slovak-German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
    • 1863 – Bones Ely, American baseball player and manager (d. 1952)
    • 1868 – Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Scottish painter and architect (d. 1928)
    • 1877 – Roelof Klein, Dutch-American rower and engineer (d. 1960)
    • 1879 – Knud Rasmussen, Danish anthropologist and explorer (d. 1933)
    • 1879 – Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer and academic (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Ester Claesson, Swedish landscape architect (d. 1931)
    • 1883 – Sylvanus Morley, American archaeologist and scholar (d. 1948)
    • 1886 – Henri Coandă, Romanian engineer, designed the Coandă-1910 (d. 1972)
    • 1888 – Clarence DeMar, American runner and educator (d. 1958)
    • 1892 – Leo Reise, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1975)
    • 1893 – Gillis Grafström, Swedish figure skater and architect (d. 1938)
    • 1894 – Alexander P. de Seversky, Georgian-American pilot and engineer, co-designed the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (d. 1974)
    • 1896 – Douglas Campbell, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1990)
    • 1896 – Robert S. Mulliken, American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
    • 1896 – Imre Nagy, Hungarian soldier and politician, 44th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1958)
    • 1897 – George Szell, Hungarian-American conductor and composer (d. 1970)
    • 1899 – Elizabeth Bowen, Anglo-Irish author and critic (d. 1973)
    • 1902 – Georges Van Parys, French composer (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Herman B Wells, American banker, author, and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1905 – James J. Braddock, American lieutenant and boxer (d. 1974)
    • 1906 – Glen Gray, American saxophonist and bandleader (d. 1963)
    • 1907 – Sigvard Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (d. 2002)
    • 1909 – Virginia Apgar, American anesthesiologist and pediatrician, developed the Apgar test (d. 1974)
    • 1909 – Peter W. Rodino, American captain, lawyer, and politician (d. 2005)
    • 1909 – Jessica Tandy, English-American actress (d. 1994)
    • 1910 – Arthur Gardner, American actor and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1910 – Mike Sebastian, American football player and coach (d. 1989)
    • 1910 – Bradford Washburn, American mountaineer, photographer, and cartographer (d. 2007)
    • 1910 – Marion Post Wolcott, American photographer (d. 1990)
    • 1911 – Brooks Stevens, American engineer and designer, designed the Wienermobile (d. 1995)
    • 1912 – Jacques Hélian, French bandleader (d. 1986)
    • 1917 – Gwendolyn Brooks, American poet (d. 2000)
    • 1917 – Dean Martin, American singer, actor, and producer (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Georges Marchais, French mechanic and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1921 – Myrtle Edwards, Australian cricketer and softball player (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Brian Talboys, New Zealand politician, 7th Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 2012)
    • 1922 – Leo Reise, Jr., Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Jules Deschênes, Canadian lawyer and judge (d. 2000)
    • 1925 – Ernestina Herrera de Noble, Argentine publisher and executive (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Jean-Noël Tremblay, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2020)
    • 1927 – Charles de Tornaco, Belgian race car driver (d. 1953)
    • 1927 – Paul Salamunovich, American conductor and educator (d. 2014)
    • 1928 – Dave Bowen, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 1995)
    • 1928 – James Ivory, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1928 – Randolph Turpin, English boxer (d. 1966)
    • 1929 – Ernie Roth, American wrestling manager (d. 1983)
    • 1929 – John Turner, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Prime Minister of Canada
    • 1931 – Virginia McKenna, English actress and author
    • 1932 – Per Maurseth, Norwegian historian, academic, and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Romeo Galán, Argentine athlete
    • 1935 – Harry Crews, American novelist, playwright, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Shyama, Indian actress (d. 2017)
    • 1936 – Bert Sugar, American author and boxing historian (d. 2012)
    • 1938 – Ian St John, Scottish international footballer, forward and manager
    • 1939 – Yuli Turovsky, Russian-Canadian cellist, conductor and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Tom Jones, Welsh singer and actor
    • 1940 – Ronald Pickup, English actor
    • 1944 – Annette Lu, Taiwanese lawyer and politician, 8th Vice President of the Republic of China
    • 1944 – Clarence White, American guitarist and singer (d. 1973)
    • 1945 – Gilles Marotte, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
    • 1945 – John Olsen, Australian politician, 42nd Premier of South Australia
    • 1945 – Wolfgang Schüssel, Austrian lawyer and politician, 26th Chancellor of Austria
    • 1947 – Don Money, American baseball player and coach
    • 1947 – Thurman Munson, American baseball player (d. 1979)
    • 1948 – Jim Walton, American businessman
    • 1952 – Liam Neeson, Irish-American actor
    • 1952 – Orhan Pamuk, Turkish-American novelist, screenwriter, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1953 – Johnny Clegg, English- born South African singer-songwriter, guitarist and anthropologist (d. 2019)
    • 1954 – Louise Erdrich, American novelist and poet
    • 1955 – William Forsythe, American actor and producer
    • 1955 – Tim Richmond, American race car driver (d. 1989)
    • 1956 – L.A. Reid, American songwriter and producer, co-founded LaFace Records
    • 1957 – Juan Luis Guerra, Dominican singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1957 – Paddy McAloon, English singer-songwriter
    • 1958 – Prince, American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and actor (d. 2016)
    • 1958 – Surakiart Sathirathai, Thai politician and diplomat
    • 1959 – Mike Pence, 48th Vice President of the United States, 50th Governor of Indiana
    • 1960 – Hirohiko Araki, Japanese manga artist and creator of JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure
    • 1960 – Bill Prady, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1961 – Dave Catching, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1962 – Thierry Hazard, French singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Takuya Kurosawa, Japanese race car driver
    • 1963 – Gordon Gano, American musician
    • 1964 – Gia Carides, Australian actress
    • 1964 – Graeme Labrooy, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1965 – Mick Foley, American wrestler, actor, and author
    • 1965 – Jean-Pierre François, French footballer and singer
    • 1965 – Damien Hirst, English painter and art collector
    • 1966 – Eric Kretz, American drummer, songwriter, and producer
    • 1966 – Tom McCarthy, American director, screenwriter and actor
    • 1966 – Stéphane Richer, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1967 – Dave Navarro, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1970 – Helen Baxendale, English actress
    • 1970 – Cafu, Brazilian footballer
    • 1970 – Andrei Kovalenko, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1970 – Mike Modano, American ice hockey player
    • 1972 – Karl Urban, New Zealand actor
    • 1974 – Bear Grylls, English adventurer, author, and television host
    • 1975 – Allen Iverson, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Necro, American rapper, producer, and director
    • 1976 – Mirsad Türkcan, Turkish basketball player
    • 1977 – Marcin Baszczyński, Polish footballer
    • 1978 – Mini Andén, Swedish-American model, actress, and producer
    • 1978 – Bill Hader, Two-time Emmy winning American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1979 – Kevin Hofland, Dutch footballer
    • 1979 – Anna Torv, Australian actress
    • 1980 – Ed Moses, American swimmer
    • 1981 – Stephen Bywater, English footballer
    • 1981 – Anna Kournikova, Russian tennis player
    • 1981 – Kevin Kyle, Scottish footballer
    • 1983 – Milan Jurčina, Slovak ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Piotr Małachowski, Polish discus thrower
    • 1984 – Ari Koivunen, Finnish singer-songwriter
    • 1984 – Eri Yanetani, Japanese snowboarder
    • 1985 – Arkadiusz Piech, Polish footballer
    • 1985 – Charlie Simpson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1985 – Richard Thompson, Trinidadian sprinter
    • 1986 – Keegan Bradley, American golfer
    • 1988 – Michael Cera, Canadian actor
    • 1988 – Milan Lucic, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Iggy Azalea, Australian rapper
    • 1990 – T. J. Brodie, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Allison Schmitt, American swimmer
    • 1991 – Cenk Tosun, Turkish professional footballer
    • 1991 – Fetty Wap, American rapper
    • 1992 – Sara Niemietz, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1992 – Mathias Gehrt, Danish professional footballer
    • 1992 – Alípio, Brazilian footballer
    • 1993 – George Ezra, English singer, songwriter and guitarist

    Deaths on June 7

    • 555 – Vigilius, Pope of the Catholic Church (b. 500)
    • 862 – Al-Muntasir, Abbasid caliph (b. 837)
    • 929 – Ælfthryth, Countess of Flanders (b. 877)
    • 940 – Qian Hongzun, heir apparent of Wuyue (b. 925)
    • 951 – Lu Wenji, Chinese chancellor (b. 876)
    • 1329 – Robert the Bruce, Scottish king (b. 1274)
    • 1337 – William I, Count of Hainaut (b. 1286)
    • 1341 – An-Nasir Muhammad, Egyptian sultan (b. 1285)
    • 1358 – Ashikaga Takauji, Japanese shōgun (b. 1305)
    • 1394 – Anne of Bohemia, English queen (b. 1366)
    • 1492 – Casimir IV Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440 and King of Poland from 1447 (b. 1427)
    • 1594 – Rodrigo Lopez, physician of Queen Elizabeth (b. 1525)
    • 1618 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1577)
    • 1660 – George II Rákóczi, Prince of Transylvania (b. 1621)
    • 1711 – Henry Dodwell, Irish scholar and theologian (b. 1641)
    • 1779 – William Warburton, English bishop and critic (b. 1698)
    • 1792 – Benjamin Tupper, American general and surveyor (b. 1738)
    • 1810 – Luigi Schiavonetti, Italian engraver and etcher (b. 1765)
    • 1826 – Joseph von Fraunhofer, German optician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1787)
    • 1840 – Frederick William III of Prussia (b. 1770)
    • 1843 – Friedrich Hölderlin, German lyric poet (b. 1770)
    • 1853 – Norbert Provencher, Canadian missionary and bishop (b. 1787)
    • 1854 – Charles Baudin, French admiral (b. 1792)
    • 1859 – David Cox, English painter (b. 1783)
    • 1861 – Patrick Brontë, Anglo-Irish priest and author (b. 1777)
    • 1863 – Antonio Valero de Bernabé, Latin American liberator (b. 1790)
    • 1866 – Chief Seattle, American tribal chief (b. 1780)
    • 1879 – William Tilbury Fox, English dermatologist and academic (b. 1836)
    • 1896 – Pavlos Carrer, Greek composer (b. 1829)
    • 1911 – Maurice Rouvier, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
    • 1915 – Charles Reed Bishop, American banker and politician, founded the First Hawaiian Bank (b. 1822)
    • 1916 – Émile Faguet, French author and critic (b. 1847)
    • 1927 – Archie Birkin, English motorcycle racer (b. 1905)
    • 1927 – Edmund James Flynn, Canadian lawyer and politician, 10th Premier of Quebec (b. 1847)
    • 1932 – John Verran, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of South Australia (b. 1856)
    • 1933 – Dragutin Domjanić, Croatian lawyer, judge, and poet (b. 1875)
    • 1936 – Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer (b. 1875)
    • 1937 – Jean Harlow, American actress and singer (b. 1911)
    • 1942 – Alan Blumlein, English engineer (b. 1903)
    • 1945 – Kitaro Nishida, Japanese philosopher and academic (b. 1870)
    • 1954 – Alan Turing, English mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1912)
    • 1956 – John Willcock, Australian politician, 15th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1879)
    • 1961 – Reginald Fletcher, 1st Baron Winster, English navy officer and politician, Secretary of State for Transport (b. 1885)
    • 1963 – ZaSu Pitts, American actress (b. 1894)
    • 1965 – Judy Holliday, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
    • 1966 – Jean Arp, German-French sculptor, painter, and poet (b. 1886)
    • 1967 – Anatoly Maltsev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1909)
    • 1967 – Dorothy Parker, American poet, short story writer, critic, and satirist (b. 1893)
    • 1968 – Dan Duryea, American actor and singer (b. 1907)
    • 1970 – E. M. Forster, English novelist, short story writer, essayist (b. 1879)
    • 1978 – Charles Moran, American race car driver (b. 1906)
    • 1978 – Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1979 – Asa Earl Carter, American Ku Klux Klan leader (b. 1925)
    • 1980 – Elizabeth Craig, Scottish journalist and economist (b. 1883)
    • 1980 – Philip Guston, Canadian-American painter and educator (b. 1913)
    • 1980 – Henry Miller, American novelist and essayist (b. 1891)
    • 1985 – Klaudia Taev, Estonian opera singer and educator (b. 1906)
    • 1987 – Cahit Zarifoğlu, Turkish poet and author (b. 1940)
    • 1988 – Martin Sommer, German SS officer (b. 1915)
    • 1989 – Chico Landi, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1907)
    • 1989 – William McLean Hamilton, Canadian politician, Postmaster General of Canada (b. 1919)
    • 1992 – Bill France Sr., American race car driver and businessman, co-founded NASCAR (b. 1909)
    • 1993 – Dražen Petrović, Croatian basketball player, Naismith Basketball Hall of Famer 2002 (b. 1964)
    • 1995 – Hsuan Hua, Chinese monk and educator (b. 1918)
    • 1995 – Charles Ritchie, Canadian diplomat, High Commission of Canada to the United Kingdom (b. 1906)
    • 1996 – Max Factor, Jr., American businessman (b. 1904)
    • 1997 – Jacques Canetti, French music executive and talent agent (b. 1909)
    • 2001 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, 52nd President of Bolivia (b. 1907)
    • 2001 – Carole Fredericks, French singer (Fredericks Goldman Jones) (b. 1952)
    • 2001 – Betty Neels, English nurse and author (b. 1910)
    • 2002 – Signe Hasso, Swedish-American actress (b. 1915)
    • 2002 – B. D. Jatti, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th Vice President of India (b. 1912)
    • 2002 – Lilian, Princess of Réthy (b. 1916)
    • 2004 – Quorthon, Swedish musician (b. 1966)
    • 2008 – Rudy Fernandez, Filipino actor and producer (b. 1953)
    • 2008 – Jim McKay, American journalist and sportscaster (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Dino Risi, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1916)
    • 2009 – Hugh Hopper, English bass player and songwriter (b. 1945)
    • 2011 – Paul Dickson, American football player and coach (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Phillip V. Tobias, South African paleontologist and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Bob Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Fernandão, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1978)
    • 2014 – Dora Akunyili, Nigerian academic and politician (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Epainette Mbeki, South African activist (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Christopher Lee, English actor (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Sheikh Razzak Ali, Bangladeshi journalist and politician (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on June 7

    • Anniversary of the Memorandum of the Slovak Nation (Slovakia)
    • Birthday of Prince Joachim (Denmark)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Antonio Maria Gianelli
      • Colmán of Dromore
      • Landulf of Yariglia (Asti)
      • Meriasek
      • Paul I of Constantinople
      • Robert of Newminster
      • Chief Seattle (Lutheran Church)
      • Blessed Marie-Thérèse de Soubiran La Louvière
      • June 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
      • Commemoration Day of St John the Forerunner (Armenian Apostolic Church)
      • Pioneers of the Episcopal Anglican Church of Brazil (Episcopal Church (USA))
    • Battle of Arica Day (Arica y Parinacota Region, Chile)
    • Flag Day (Peru)
    • Journalist Day (Argentina)
    • Sette Giugno (Malta)
    • Union Dissolution Day (Independence Day of Norway)