1613

  • July 23 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 811 – Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum’s treasury.
    • 1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a crushing victory over an Aydinid fleet off Chios.
    • 1632 – Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe, France.
    • 1677 – Scanian War: Denmark–Norway captures the harbor town of Marstrand from Sweden.
    • 1793 – Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
    • 1813 – Sir Thomas Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to a de facto colony.
    • 1821 – While the Mora Rebellion continues, Greeks capture Monemvasia Castle. Turkish troops and citizens are transferred to Asia Minor’s coasts.
    • 1829 – In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the typographer, a precursor to the typewriter.
    • 1840 – The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Henry Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
    • 1874 – Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa, India.
    • 1881 – The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina is signed in Buenos Aires.
    • 1885 – President Ulysses S. Grant dies of throat cancer.
    • 1903 – The Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
    • 1908 – The Second Constitution accepted by the Ottomans.
    • 1914 – Austria-Hungary issues a series of demands in an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia demanding Serbia to allow the Austrians to determine who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Serbia accepts all but one of those demands and Austria declares war on July 28.
    • 1919 – Prince Regent Aleksander Karađorđević signs the decree establishing the University of Ljubljana
    • 1921 – The Communist Party of China (CPC) is established at the founding National Congress.
    • 1926 – Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
    • 1927 – The first station of the Indian Broadcasting Company goes on the air in Bombay.
    • 1936 – In Catalonia, Spain, the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of Socialist and Communist parties.
    • 1940 – The United States’ Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
    • 1942 – World War II: The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
    • 1942 – Bulgarian poet and Communist leader Nikola Vaptsarov is executed by firing squad.
    • 1943 – The Rayleigh bath chair murder occurred in Rayleigh, Essex, England.
    • 1943 – World War II: The British destroyers HMS Eclipse and HMS Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
    • 1945 – The post-war legal processes against Philippe Pétain begin.
    • 1952 – General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real power behind the coup) in overthrowing King Farouk of Egypt.
    • 1961 – The Sandinista National Liberation Front is founded in Nicaragua.
    • 1962 – Telstar relays the first publicly transmitted, live trans-Atlantic television program, featuring Walter Cronkite.
    • 1962 – The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos is signed.
    • 1962 – Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to be inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.
    • 1967 – Detroit Riots: In Detroit, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city. It ultimately kills 43 people, injures 342 and burns about 1,400 buildings.
    • 1968 – Glenville shootout: In Cleveland, Ohio, a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization and the Cleveland Police Department occurs. During the shootout, a riot begins and lasts for five days.
    • 1968 – The only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft takes place when a Boeing 707 carrying ten crew and 38 passengers is taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. The aircraft was en route from Rome, to Lod, Israel.
    • 1970 – Qaboos bin Said al Said becomes Sultan of Oman after overthrowing his father, Said bin Taimur initiating massive reforms, modernization programs and end to a decade long civil war.
    • 1972 – The United States launches Landsat 1, the first Earth-resources satellite.
    • 1974 – The Greek military junta collapses, and former Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis is invited to lead the new government, beginning Greece’s metapolitefsi era.
    • 1980 – Phạm Tuân becomes the first Vietnamese citizen and the first Asian in space when he flies aboard the Soyuz 37 mission as an Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut.
    • 1982 – Outside Santa Clarita, California, actor Vic Morrow and two children are killed when a helicopter crashes onto them while shooting a scene from Twilight Zone: The Movie.
    • 1983 – Thirteen Sri Lanka Army soldiers are killed after a deadly ambush by the militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
    • 1983 – Gimli Glider: Air Canada Flight 143 runs out of fuel and makes a deadstick landing at Gimli, Manitoba.
    • 1988 – General Ne Win, effective ruler of Burma since 1962, resigns after pro-democracy protests.
    • 1992 – A Vatican commission, led by Joseph Ratzinger, establishes that limiting certain rights of homosexual people and non-married couples is not equivalent to discrimination on grounds of race or gender.
    • 1992 – Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia.
    • 1995 – Comet Hale–Bopp is discovered; it becomes visible to the naked eye on Earth nearly a year later.
    • 1997 – Digital Equipment Corporation files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
    • 1999 – ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo, Japan by Yuji Nishizawa.
    • 1999 – Space Shuttle Columbia launches on STS-93, with Eileen Collins becoming the first female space shuttle commander. The shuttle also carried and deployed the Chandra X-ray Observatory.
    • 2005 – Three bombs explode in the Naama Bay area of Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
    • 2014 – TransAsia Airways Flight 222 crashes in Xixi village near Huxi, Penghu, during approach to Phengu Airport. 48 of the 58 people on board are killed and five more people on the ground are injured.
    • 2015 – NASA announces discovery of Kepler-452b by Kepler.
    • 2016 – Kabul twin bombing occurred in the vicinity of Deh Mazang when protesters, mostly from the Shiite Hazara minority, were marching against route changing of the TUTAP power project. At least 80 people were killed and 260 were injured.
    • 2018 – A wildfire in East Attica, Greece caused the death of 102 people. It was the deadliest wildfire in history of Greece and the second-deadliest in the world, in the 21st century, after the 2009 bushfires in Australia that killed 180.

    Births on July 23

    • 1301 – Otto, Duke of Austria (d. 1339)
    • 1339 – Louis I, Duke of Anjou (d. 1384)
    • 1370 – Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder, humanist (d. 1444 or 1445)
    • 1401 – Francesco I Sforza, Italian husband of Bianca Maria Visconti (d. 1466)
    • 1441 – Danjong of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1457)
    • 1503 – Anne of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1547)
    • 1614 – Bonaventura Peeters the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1652)
    • 1635 – Adam Dollard des Ormeaux, New France garrison commander (d. 1660)
    • 1649 – Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
    • 1705 – Francis Blomefield, English historian and author (d. 1752)
    • 1713 – Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (d. 1792)
    • 1773 – Thomas Brisbane, Scottish general and politician, 6th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1860)
    • 1775 – Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1812)
    • 1777 – Philipp Otto Runge, German painter and illustrator (d. 1810)
    • 1796 – Franz Berwald, Swedish surgeon and composer (d. 1868)
    • 1802 – Manuel María Lombardini, Mexican general and president (1853) (d. 1853)
    • 1823 – Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian archbishop and missionary (d. 1894)
    • 1838 – Édouard Colonne, French violinist and conductor (d. 1910)
    • 1851 – Peder Severin Krøyer, Norwegian-Danish painter (d. 1909)
    • 1856 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian lawyer and journalist (d. 1920)
    • 1864 – Apolinario Mabini, Filipino lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Philippines (d. 1903)
    • 1865 – Henry Norris, English businessman and politician (d. 1934)
    • 1866 – Francesco Cilea, Italian composer and academic (d. 1950)
    • 1878 – James Thomas Milton Anderson, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 1946)
    • 1882 – Kâzım Karabekir, Turkish general and politician, 5th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (b. 1948)
    • 1883 – Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, French-English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of the County of London (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Emil Jannings, Swiss-German actor (d. 1950)
    • 1885 – Izaak Killam, Canadian financier and philanthropist (d. 1955)
    • 1885 – Georges V. Matchabelli, Georgian-American businessman, created Prince Matchabelli perfume (d. 1935)
    • 1886 – Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish historian and diplomat (d. 1978)
    • 1886 – Walter H. Schottky, Swiss-German physicist and engineer (d. 1976)
    • 1888 – Raymond Chandler, American crime novelist and screenwriter (d. 1959)
    • 1891 – Louis T. Wright, American surgeon and civil rights activist (d. 1952)
    • 1892 – Haile Selassie, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1975)
    • 1894 – Arthur Treacher, English-American actor and television personality (d. 1975)
    • 1895 – Aileen Pringle, American actress (d. 1989)
    • 1898 – Daniel Cosío Villegas, Mexican historian, economist (d. 1976)
    • 1898 – Bengt Djurberg, Swedish actor and singer (d. 1941)
    • 1898 – Red Dutton, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1987)
    • 1898 – Herman Kruusenberg, Estonian wrestler (d. 1970)
    • 1898 – Jacob Marschak, Ukrainian-American economist, journalist, and author (d. 1977)
    • 1899 – Gustav Heinemann, German lawyer and politician, 3rd President of West Germany (d. 1976)
    • 1900 – Julia Davis Adams, American author and journalist (d. 1993)
    • 1900 – John Babcock, Canadian-American sergeant (d. 2010)
    • 1900 – Inger Margrethe Boberg, Danish folklore researcher and writer (d. 1957)
    • 1901 – Hank Worden, American actor and singer (d. 1992)
    • 1901 – Isabel Luberza Oppenheimer, Puerto Rican brothel owner and madam in barrio Maragüez, Ponce, Puerto Rico (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Leopold Engleitner, Austrian author and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1906 – Vladimir Prelog, Croatian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
    • 1906 – Chandra Shekhar Azad, Indian activist (d. 1931)
    • 1912 – M. H. Abrams, American author, critic, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1912 – Michael Wilding, English actor (d. 1979)
    • 1913 – Michael Foot, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Employment (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Nassos Daphnis, Greek-American painter (d.2010)
    • 1914 – Virgil Finlay, American illustrator (d. 1971)
    • 1914 – Elly Annie Schneider, German-American actress (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – Laurel Martyn, Australian ballerina and choreographer (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Abraham Bueno de Mesquita, Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005)
    • 1918 – Ruth Duccini, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Calvert DeForest, American actor (d. 2007)
    • 1922 – Damiano Damiani, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (d. 2004)
    • 1923 – Luis Aloma, Cuban-American baseball player (d. 1997)
    • 1923 – Morris Halle, Latvian-American linguist and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer and actress (d. 2001)
    • 1924 – Gavin Lambert, English-American screenwriter and author (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Gazanfer Bilge, Turkish wrestler (d. 2008)
    • 1925 – Tajuddin Ahmad, Bangladeshi politician, 1st Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
    • 1925 – Quett Masire, Botswana politician, the former Vice-President of Botswana (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Alain Decaux, French historian and author (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Gloria DeHaven, American actress and singer (d. 2016)
    • 1926 – Ludvík Vaculík, Czech journalist and author (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Gérard Brach, French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1928 – Leon Fleisher, American pianist and conductor
    • 1928 – Vera Rubin, American astronomer and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1928 – Hubert Selby, Jr., American author and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1929 – Danny Barcelona, American drummer (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Lateef Jakande, Nigerian journalist and politician, 5th Governor of Lagos State
    • 1931 – Te Atairangikaahu, Māori queen (d. 2006)
    • 1931 – Claude Fournier, Canadian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer
    • 1931 – Guy Fournier, Canadian author and screenwriter
    • 1933 – Raimund Abraham, Austrian architect, designed the Austrian Cultural Forum (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (d. 1991)
    • 1933 – Benedict Groeschel, American priest, psychologist, and talk show host (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Richard Rogers, Italian-English architect, designed the Millennium Dome and Lloyd’s building
    • 1935 – Jim Hall, American race car driver
    • 1936 – Don Drysdale, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1993)
    • 1936 – Anthony Kennedy, American lawyer and jurist
    • 1937 – Dave Webster, American football player and engineer
    • 1938 – Juliet Anderson, American porn actress and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Ronny Cox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1938 – Charles Harrelson, American murderer (d. 2007)
    • 1938 – Bert Newton, Australian actor and television host
    • 1940 – Danielle Collobert, French author, poet, and journalist (d. 1978)
    • 1940 – Don Imus, American radio host (d. 2019)
    • 1940 – Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finance (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Christopher Andrew, English historian and academic
    • 1941 – Richie Evans, American race car driver (d. 1985)
    • 1941 – Sergio Mattarella, Italian lawyer, judge, and politician, 12th President of Italy
    • 1942 – Sallyanne Atkinson, Australian journalist and politician, Lord Mayor of Brisbane
    • 1942 – Madeline Bell, American singer-songwriter
    • 1942 – Richard E. Dauch, American businessman, co-founded American Axle (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Dimitris Liantinis, Greek philosopher and author (d. 1998)
    • 1943 – Randall Forsberg, American scientist (d. 2007)
    • 1943 – Tony Joe White, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
    • 1944 – Dino Danelli, American drummer
    • 1944 – Maria João Pires, Portuguese pianist
    • 1945 – Edward Gregson, English composer and educator
    • 1945 – Jon Sammels, English footballer
    • 1946 – Andy Mackay, English oboe player and composer
    • 1946 – René Ricard, American poet, painter, and critic (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Gardner Dozois, American journalist and author (d. 2018)
    • 1947 – David Essex, English singer-songwriter, and actor
    • 1947 – Torsten Palm, Swedish race car driver
    • 1947 – Robin Simon, English historian, critic, and academic
    • 1948 – Ross Cranston, Australian-English lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales
    • 1948 – John Cushnahan, Northern Irish educator and politician
    • 1948 – John Hall, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and politician
    • 1948 – Stanisław Targosz, Polish general (d. 2013)
    • 1949 – Clive Rice, South African cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1950 – Alex Kozinski, Romanian-born American lawyer and judge
    • 1950 – Ian Thomas, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1950 – Blair Thornton, Canadian guitarist and songwriter
    • 1950 – Alan Turner, Australian cricketer
    • 1952 – Paul Hibbert, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 2008)
    • 1952 – Bill Nyrop, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 1995)
    • 1952 – John Rutsey, Canadian drummer (d. 2008)
    • 1952 – Janis Siegel, American jazz singer (The Manhattan Transfer)
    • 1953 – Graham Gooch, English cricketer and coach
    • 1953 – Najib Razak, Malaysian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia
    • 1957 – Jo Brand, English comedian, actress, and screenwriter
    • 1957 – Nikos Galis, American basketball player
    • 1957 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1957 – Quentin Willson, English TV presenter, Top Gear.
    • 1958 – Ken Green, American golfer
    • 1958 – Tomy Winata, Indonesian businessman and philanthropist, founded the Artha Graha Peduli Foundation
    • 1959 – Nancy Savoca, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Gary Ella, Australian rugby player
    • 1960 – Susan Graham, American soprano and educator
    • 1960 – Al Perez, American wrestler
    • 1961 – André Ducharme, Canadian comedian and author
    • 1961 – Michael Durant, American pilot and author
    • 1961 – Martin Gore, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1961 – Woody Harrelson, American actor and activist
    • 1961 – Milind Gunaji, Indian actor, model, television show host, and author
    • 1962 – Eriq La Salle, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1962 – Mark Laurie, Australian rugby league player
    • 1962 – Alain Lefèvre, Canadian pianist and composer
    • 1963 – Slobodan Zivojinovic, Serbian tennis player
    • 1964 – Uwe Barth, German politician
    • 1964 – Nick Menza, German drummer and songwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1965 – Rob Dickinson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Slash, English-American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1967 – Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1968 – Elden Campbell, American basketball player
    • 1968 – Gary Payton, American basketball player and actor
    • 1968 – Stephanie Seymour, American model and actress
    • 1969 – Andrew Cassels, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1970 – Charisma Carpenter, American actress
    • 1970 – Thea Dorn, German author and playwright
    • 1970 – Sam Watters, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1971 – Dalvin DeGrate, American rapper and producer
    • 1971 – Alison Krauss, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
    • 1971 – Joel Stein, American journalist
    • 1972 – Suat Kılıç, Turkish journalist, lawyer, and politician, Turkish Minister of Youth and Sports
    • 1972 – Floyd Reifer, Barbadian cricketer and coach
    • 1972 – Marlon Wayans, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1973 – Nomar Garciaparra, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Fran Healy, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1973 – Himesh Reshammiya, Indian singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
    • 1973 – Andrea Scanavacca, Italian rugby player and manager
    • 1974 – Terry Glenn, American football player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1974 – Maurice Greene, American sprinter
    • 1974 – Rik Verbrugghe, Belgian cyclist
    • 1975 – Dan Rogerson, English politician
    • 1976 – Judit Polgár, Hungarian chess player
    • 1977 – Scott Clemmensen, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1977 – Gail Emms, English badminton player
    • 1977 – Néicer Reasco, Ecuadorian footballer
    • 1977 – Shawn Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer
    • 1978 – Stefanie Sun, Singaporean singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1978 – Lauren Groff, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1979 – Perro Aguayo Jr., Mexican wrestler and promoter (d. 2015)
    • 1979 – Sotirios Kyrgiakos, Greek footballer
    • 1979 – Richard Sims, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1979 – Ricardo Sperafico, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1979 – Cathleen Tschirch, German sprinter
    • 1980 – Sandeep Parikh, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Michelle Williams, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1981 – Steve Jocz, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, and director
    • 1981 – Dmitriy Karpov, Kazakhstani decathlete
    • 1981 – Aleksandr Kulik, Estonian footballer
    • 1981 – Jarkko Nieminen, Finnish tennis player
    • 1982 – Ömer Aysan Barış, Turkish footballer
    • 1982 – Joe Mather, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Gökhan Ünal, Turkish footballer
    • 1982 – Gerald Wallace, American basketball player
    • 1982 – Paul Wesley, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1983 – Bec Hewitt, Australian actress
    • 1983 – Aaron Peirsol, American swimmer
    • 1983 – David Strettle, English rugby player
    • 1984 – Walter Gargano, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1984 – Matthew Murphy, English singer and guitarist
    • 1984 – Brandon Roy, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Celeste Thorson, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1985 – Luis Ángel Landín, Mexican footballer
    • 1986 – Aya Uchida, Japanese voice actress and singer
    • 1986 – Nelson Philippe, French race car driver
    • 1986 – Yelena Sokolova, Russian long jumper
    • 1987 – Alessio Cerci, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Felipe Dylon, Brazilian singer
    • 1987 – Serdar Kurtuluş, Turkish footballer
    • 1989 – Daniel Radcliffe, English actor
    • 1989 – Donald Young, American tennis player
    • 1990 – Kevin Reynolds, Canadian figure skater
    • 1991 – Lauren Mitchell, Australian gymnast
    • 1991 – Jarrod Wallace, Australian rugby league footballer
    • 1992 – Danny Ings, English footballer
    • 1996 – Alexandra Andresen, Norwegian heiress and equestrian

    Deaths on July 23

    • 955 – He Ning, Chinese chancellor (b. 898)
    • 997 – Nuh II, Samanid emir (b. 963)
    • 1100 – Warner of Grez, French nobleman, relative of Godfrey of Bouillon
    • 1227 – Qiu Chuji, Chinese religious leader, founded the Dragon Gate Taoism (b. 1148)
    • 1298 – Thoros III, Armenian king (b. c. 1271)
    • 1373 – Bridget of Sweden, Swedish mystic and saint, founded the Bridgettine Order (b. 1303)
    • 1403 – Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (b. 1343)
    • 1531 – Louis de Brézé, French husband of Diane de Poitiers
    • 1536 – Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1519)
    • 1562 – Götz von Berlichingen, German knight and poet (b. 1480)
    • 1584 – John Day, English printer (b. 1522)
    • 1596 – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (b. 1526)
    • 1645 – Michael I, Russian tsar (b. 1596)
    • 1692 – Gilles Ménage, French lawyer, philologist, and scholar (b. 1613)
    • 1727 – Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, English politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1661)
    • 1757 – Domenico Scarlatti, Italian harpsichord player and composer (b. 1685)
    • 1773 – George Edwards, English biologist and ornithologist (b. 1693)
    • 1781 – John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-American pastor and politician (b. 1724)
    • 1793 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
    • 1833 – Anselmo de la Cruz, Chilean politician, Chilean Minister of Finance (b. 1777)
    • 1853 – Andries Pretorius, South African general (b. 1798)
    • 1875 – Isaac Singer, American businessman, founded the Singer Corporation (b. 1811)
    • 1878 – Carl von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician, pathologist, and politician (b. 1804)
    • 1885 – Ulysses S. Grant, American general and politician, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)
    • 1904 – John Douglas, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Queensland (b. 1828)
    • 1909 – Frederick Holder, Australian politician, 19th Premier of South Australia (b. 1850)
    • 1916 – William Ramsay, Scottish-English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
    • 1919 – Spyridon Lambros, Greek historian and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1851)
    • 1920 – Conrad Kohrs, German-American rancher and politician (b. 1835)
    • 1924 – Frank Frost Abbott, American author and scholar (b. 1850)
    • 1926 – Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
    • 1927 – Reginald Dyer, British brigadier general (b. 1864)
    • 1930 – Glenn Curtiss, American pilot and engineer (b. 1878)
    • 1932 – Tenby Davies, Welsh runner (b. 1884)
    • 1936 – Anna Abrikosova, Russian linguist (b. 1882)
    • 1941 – George Lyman Kittredge, American scholar and educator (b. 1860)
    • 1941 – José Quiñones Gonzales, Peruvian soldier and pilot (b. 1914)
    • 1942 – Adam Czerniaków, Polish engineer and politician (b. 1880)
    • 1942 – Andy Ducat, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1886)
    • 1948 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1875)
    • 1950 – Shigenori Tōgō, Japanese politician and diplomat, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1882)
    • 1951 – Robert J. Flaherty, American director and producer (b. 1884)
    • 1951 – Philippe Pétain, French general and politician, 119th Prime Minister of France (b. 1856)
    • 1954 – Herman Groman, American runner (b. 1882)
    • 1955 – Cordell Hull, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 47th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
    • 1957 – Bob Shiring, American football player and coach (b. 1870)
    • 1966 – Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)
    • 1968 – Henry Hallett Dale, English pharmacologist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
    • 1971 – Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1910)
    • 1972 – Esther Applin, American geologist and paleontologist (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Eddie Rickenbacker, American pilot and race car driver, founded Rickenbacker Motors (b. 1890)
    • 1979 – Joseph Kessel, French journalist and author (b. 1898)
    • 1980 – Sarto Fournier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 38th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1908)
    • 1980 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (b. 1948)
    • 1980 – Mollie Steimer, Russian activist (b. 1897)
    • 1982 – Vic Morrow, American actor (b. 1929)
    • 1983 – Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
    • 1985 – Johnny Wardle, English cricketer and manager (b. 1923)
    • 1989 – Donald Barthelme, American short story writer and novelist (b. 1931)
    • 1990 – Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese engineer (b. 1899)
    • 1996 – Jean Muir, American actress (b. 1911)
    • 1997 – Chūhei Nambu, Japanese jumper and journalist (b. 1904)
    • 1999 – Hassan II of Morocco (b. 1929)
    • 2001 – Eudora Welty, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1909)
    • 2002 – Leo McKern, Australian-English actor (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – William Luther Pierce, American activist and author (b. 1933)
    • 2002 – Chaim Potok, American novelist and rabbi (b. 1929)
    • 2002 – Clark Gesner, American author and composer (b. 1938)
    • 2003 – James E. Davis, American police officer and politician (b. 1962)
    • 2004 – Mehmood Ali, Indian actor, director, and producer (b. 1932)
    • 2004 – Carlos Paredes, Portuguese guitarist and composer (b. 1925)
    • 2004 – Piero Piccioni, Italian pianist, conductor, and composer (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – Ted Greene, American guitarist and journalist (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Jean-Paul Desbiens, Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2007 – Ron Miller, American songwriter and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2007 – Mohammed Zahir Shah, Afghan king (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Kurt Furgler, Swiss lawyer and politician, 70th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1924)
    • 2009 – E. Lynn Harris, American author and screenwriter (b. 1955)
    • 2010 – Daniel Schorr, American journalist and author (b. 1916)
    • 2011 – Amy Winehouse, English singer-songwriter (b. 1983)
    • 2012 – Margaret Mahy, New Zealand author (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Sally Ride, American physicist and astronaut (b. 1951)
    • 2012 – Lakshmi Sahgal, Indian soldier and politician (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Esther Tusquets, Spanish publisher and author (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – José Luis Uribarri, Spanish television host and director (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Dominguinhos, Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (b. 1941)
    • 2013 – Pauline Clarke, English author (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Arthur J. Collingsworth, American diplomat (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Emile Griffith, American boxer and trainer (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Kim Jong-hak, South Korean director and producer (b. 1951)
    • 2013 – Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Dora Bryan, English actress and restaurateur (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Norman Leyden, American composer and conductor (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Ariano Suassuna, Brazilian author and playwright (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Jordan Tabor, English footballer (b. 1990)
    • 2015 – Shigeko Kubota, Japanese-American sculptor and director (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Don Oberdorfer, American journalist, author, and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – William Wakefield Baum, American cardinal (b. 1926)
    • 2017 – John Kundla, American basketball coach (b. 1916)

    Holidays and observances on July 23

    • Birthday of Haile Selassie (Rastafari)
    • Children’s Day (Indonesia)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Bridget of Sweden
      • Heiromartyr Phocas (Eastern Orthodox)
      • John Cassian (Western Christianity)
      • Liborius of Le Mans
      • Margarita María
      • Mercè Prat i Prat
      • Rasyphus and Ravennus
      • July 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • National Remembrance Day (Papua New Guinea)
    • Renaissance Day (Oman)
    • Revolution Day (Egypt)

  • July 15 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome
    • AD 70 – Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. (17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar).
    • 756 – An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong of Tang is ordered by his Imperial Guards to execute chancellor Yang Guozhong by forcing him to commit suicide or face a mutiny. General An Lushan has other members of the emperor’s family killed.
    • 1099 – First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final assault of a difficult siege.
    • 1149 – The reconstructed Church of the Holy Sepulchre is consecrated in Jerusalem.
    • 1207 – King John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop Stephen Langton.
    • 1240 – Swedish–Novgorodian Wars: A Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva.
    • 1381 – John Ball, a leader in the Peasants’ Revolt, is hanged, drawn, and quartered in the presence of King Richard II of England.
    • 1410 – Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War: Battle of Grunwald: The allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the army of the Teutonic Order.
    • 1482 – Muhammad XII is crowned the twenty-second and last Nasrid king of Granada.
    • 1738 – Baruch Laibov and Alexander Voznitzin are burned alive in St. Petersburg, Russia. Vonitzin had converted to Judaism with Laibov’s help, with the consent of Empress Anna Ivanovna.
    • 1741 – Aleksei Chirikov sights land in Southeast Alaska. He sends men ashore in a longboat, making them the first Europeans to visit Alaska.
    • 1789 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, is named by acclamation Colonel General of the new National Guard of Paris.
    • 1799 – The Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon’s Egyptian Campaign.
    • 1806 – Pike Expedition: United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine near St. Louis, Missouri, to explore the west.
    • 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon Bonaparte surrenders aboard HMS Bellerophon.
    • 1823 – A fire destroys the ancient Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome, Italy.
    • 1834 – The Spanish Inquisition is officially disbanded after nearly 356 years.
    • 1838 – Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
    • 1862 – The CSS Arkansas, the most effective ironclad on the Mississippi River, battles with Union ships commanded by Admiral David Farragut, severely damaging three ships and sustaining heavy damage herself. The encounter changed the complexion of warfare on the Mississippi and helped to reverse Rebel fortunes on the river in the summer of 1862.
    • 1870 – Reconstruction Era of the United States: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
    • 1870 – Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson’s Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories.
    • 1888 – The stratovolcano Mount Bandai erupts killing approximately 500 people, in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.
    • 1910 – In his book Clinical Psychiatry, Emil Kraepelin gives a name to Alzheimer’s disease, naming it after his colleague Alois Alzheimer.
    • 1916 – In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
    • 1918 – World War I: The Second Battle of the Marne begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
    • 1920 – The Polish Parliament establishes Silesian Voivodeship before the Polish-German plebiscite.
    • 1922 – Japanese Communist Party is established in Japan.
    • 1927 – Massacre of July 15, 1927: Eighty-nine protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna.
    • 1946 – State of North Borneo, today in Sabah, Malaysia, annexed by the United Kingdom.
    • 1954 – First flight of the Boeing 367-80, prototype for both the Boeing 707 and C-135 series.
    • 1955 – Eighteen Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, later co-signed by thirty-four others.
    • 1959 – The steel strike of 1959 begins, leading to significant importation of foreign steel for the first time in United States history.
    • 1966 – Vietnam War: The United States and South Vietnam begin Operation Hastings to push the North Vietnamese out of the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone.
    • 1971 – The United Red Army is founded in Japan.
    • 1974 – In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek junta-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d’état, deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.
    • 1975 – Space Race: Apollo–Soyuz Test Project features the dual launch of an Apollo spacecraft and a Soyuz spacecraft on the first joint Soviet-United States human-crewed flight. It was both the last launch of an Apollo spacecraft, and the Saturn family of rockets.
    • 1979 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter gives his “malaise speech”.
    • 1983 – An attack at Orly Airport in Paris is launched by Armenian militant organisation ASALA, leaving eight people dead and 55 injured.
    • 1996 – A Belgian Air Force C-130 Hercules carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport.
    • 1998 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP S. Shanmuganathan is killed by a claymore mine.
    • 2002 – “American Taliban” John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and to possession of explosives during the commission of a felony.
    • 2002 – Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan hands down the death sentence to British born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and life terms to three others suspected of murdering The Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
    • 2003 – AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.
    • 2006 – Twitter, later one of the largest social media platforms in the world, is launched.
    • 2014 – A train derails on the Moscow Metro, killing at least 24 and injuring more than 160 others.
    • 2016 – Factions of the Turkish Armed Forces attempt a coup.

    Births on July 15

    • 980 – Ichijō, Japanese emperor (d. 1011)
    • 1273 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and saint (d. 1352)
    • 1353 – Vladimir the Bold, Russian prince (d. 1410)
    • 1359 – Antonio Correr, Italian cardinal (d. 1445)
    • 1442 – Boček IV of Poděbrady, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1496)
    • 1455 – Queen Yun, Korean queen (d. 1482)
    • 1471 – Eskender, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1494)
    • 1478 – Barbara Jagiellon, duchess consort of Saxony and Margravine consort of Meissen (d. 1534)
    • 1573 – Inigo Jones, English architect, designed the Queen’s House (d. 1652)
    • 1600 – Jan Cossiers, Flemish painter (d. 1671)
    • 1606 – Rembrandt, Dutch painter and etcher (d. 1669)
    • 1611 – Jai Singh I, maharaja of Jaipur (d. 1667)
    • 1613 – Gu Yanwu, Chinese philologist and geographer (d. 1682)
    • 1631 – Jens Juel, Danish politician and diplomat, Governor-general of Norway (d. 1700)
    • 1631 – Richard Cumberland, English philosopher (d. 1718)
    • 1638 – Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1693)
    • 1704 – August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (d. 1792)
    • 1779 – Clement Clarke Moore, American author, poet, and educator (d. 1863)
    • 1793 – Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, American educator, author, editor (d. 1884)
    • 1796 – Thomas Bulfinch, American mythologist (d. 1867)
    • 1799 – Reuben Chapman, American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Alabama (d. 1882)
    • 1800 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (d. 1878)
    • 1808 – Henry Edward Manning, English cardinal (d. 1892)
    • 1812 – James Hope-Scott, English lawyer and academic (d. 1873)
    • 1817 – Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet, English engineer, designed the Forth Bridge (d. 1898)
    • 1827 – W. W. Thayer American lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of Oregon (d. 1899)
    • 1848 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist and sociologist (d. 1923)
    • 1850 – Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American nun and saint (d. 1917)
    • 1852 – Josef Josephi, Polish-born singer and actor (d. 1920)
    • 1858 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English political activist and suffragist (d. 1928)
    • 1864 – Marie Tempest, English actress and singer (d. 1942)
    • 1865 – Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, Anglo-Irish businessman and publisher, founded the Amalgamated Press (d. 1922)
    • 1865 – Wilhelm Wirtinger, Austrian-German mathematician and theorist (d. 1945)
    • 1867 – Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French physician and explorer (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Doppo Kunikida, Japanese journalist, author, and poet (d. 1908)
    • 1880 – Enrique Mosca, Argentinian lawyer and politician (d. 1950)
    • 1887 – Wharton Esherick, American sculptor (d. 1970)
    • 1892 – Walter Benjamin, German philosopher and critic (d. 1940)
    • 1893 – Enid Bennett, Australian-American actress (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – Dick Rauch, American football player and coach (d. 1970)
    • 1894 – Tadeusz Sendzimir, Polish-American engineer (d. 1989)
    • 1899 – Seán Lemass, Irish soldier and politician, 4th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Jean Rey, Belgian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the European Commission (d. 1983)
    • 1903 – Walter D. Edmonds, American journalist and author (d. 1998)
    • 1903 – K. Kamaraj, Indian journalist and politician (d. 1975)
    • 1904 – Rudolf Arnheim, German-American psychologist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1905 – Dorothy Fields, American songwriter (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Anita Farra, Italian actress (d. 2008)
    • 1906 – R. S. Mugali, Indian poet and academic (d. 1993)
    • 1906 – Rudolf Uhlenhaut, English-German engineer (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Jean Hamburger, French physician and surgeon (d. 1992)
    • 1911 – Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton, English geographer and politician, Secretary of State for Air (d. 1994)
    • 1913 – Cowboy Copas, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1963)
    • 1913 – Hammond Innes, English journalist and author (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Abraham Sutzkever, Russian poet and author (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist, scholar, and activist (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Howard Vernon, Swiss-French actor (d. 1996)
    • 1915 – Albert Ghiorso, American chemist and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1915 – Kashmir Singh Katoch, Indian army officer (d. 2007)
    • 1916 – Sumner Gerard, American politician and diplomat (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Robert Conquest, English-American historian, poet, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1917 – Joan Roberts, American actress and singer (d. 2012)
    • 1917 – Nur Muhammad Taraki, Afghan journalist and politician (d. 1979)
    • 1918 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
    • 1918 – Brenda Milner, English-Canadian neuropsychologist and academic
    • 1919 – Fritz Langanke, German lieutenant (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Iris Murdoch, Anglo-Irish British novelist and philosopher (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Jack Beeson, American pianist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Henri Colpi, Swiss-French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Robert Bruce Merrifield, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Jean Heywood, British actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – Leon M. Lederman, American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1922 – Jean-Pierre Richard, French writer (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Francisco de Andrade, Portuguese sailor
    • 1924 – Jeremiah Denton, American admiral and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Marianne Bernadotte, Swedish actress and philanthropist
    • 1925 – Philip Carey, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1925 – Taylor Hardwick, American architect, designed Haydon Burns Library and Friendship Fountain Park (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – D. A. Pennebaker, American documentary filmmaker (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Evan Hultman, American politician
    • 1925 – Antony Carbone, American actor
    • 1925 – Pandel Savic, American football player (d. 2018)
    • 1926 – Driss Chraïbi, Moroccan-French journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentinian general and politician, 44th President of Argentina (d. 2003)
    • 1926 – Raymond Gosling, English physicist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1926 – Sir John Graham, 4th Baronet, English diplomat (d. 2019)
    • 1927 – Nan Martin, American actress (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Carmen Zapata, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Håkon Brusveen, Norwegian cross-country skier
    • 1928 – Carl Woese, American microbiologist and biophysicist (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Viramachaneni Vimla Devi, Indian parliamentarian (d. 1967)
    • 1929 – Charles Anthony, American tenor and actor (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Francis Bebey, Cameroonian-French guitarist (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Ian Stewart, Scottish race car driver (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Richard Garneau, Canadian journalist and sportscaster (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Stephen Smale, American mathematician and computer scientist
    • 1930 – Einosuke Akiya, Japanese Buddhist leader
    • 1931 – Clive Cussler, American archaeologist and author (d. 2020)
    • 1931 – Joanna Merlin, American actress and casting director
    • 1931 – Jacques-Yvan Morin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Deputy Premier of Quebec
    • 1932 – Ed Litzenberger, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – Guido Crepax, Italian author and illustrator (d. 2003)
    • 1933 – M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian author and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Harrison Birtwistle, English composer and academic
    • 1934 – Eva Krížiková, Czech actress (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – Risto Jarva, Finnish director and producer (d. 1977)
    • 1935 – Donn Clendenon, American baseball player and lawyer (d. 2005)
    • 1935 – Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Ken Kercheval, American actor and director (d. 2019)
    • 1936 – George Voinovich, American lawyer and politician, 65th Governor of Ohio (d. 2016)
    • 1937 – Prabhash Joshi, Indian journalist (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Ernie Barnes, American football player, actor, and painter (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Carmen Callil, Australian publisher, founded Virago Press
    • 1938 – Barry Goldwater, Jr., American lawyer and politician
    • 1939 – Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Portuguese economist and politician, 19th President of the Portuguese Republic
    • 1940 – Denis Héroux, Canadian director and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Ronald Gene Simmons, American sergeant and convicted murderer (d. 1990)
    • 1940 – Robert Winston, English surgeon, academic, and politician
    • 1942 – Vivian Malone Jones, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)
    • 1943 – Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Northern Irish astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
    • 1944 – Millie Jackson, American singer-songwriter
    • 1945 – Jan-Michael Vincent, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – David Arthur Granger, Guyanese politician, 9th President of Guyana
    • 1945 – Peter Lewis (musician), American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Jürgen Möllemann, German soldier and politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany (d. 2003)
    • 1946 – Linda Ronstadt, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1946 – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei
    • 1947 – Peter Banks, English guitarist and songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Lydia Davis, American short story writer, novelist, and essayist
    • 1947 – Pridiyathorn Devakula, Thai economist and politician, Thai Minister of Finance
    • 1947 – Roky Erickson, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019)
    • 1948 – Twinkle, English singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1948 – Dimosthenis Kourtovik, Greek anthropologist and critic
    • 1948 – Artimus Pyle, American rock drummer and songwriter (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
    • 1949 – Carl Bildt, Swedish politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Sweden
    • 1949 – Trevor Horn, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1949 – Richard Russo, American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Colin Barnett, Australian economist and politician, 29th Premier of Western Australia
    • 1950 – Arianna Huffington, Greek-American journalist and publisher (The Huffington Post)
    • 1951 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1951 – Jesse Ventura, American wrestler, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of Minnesota
    • 1952 – David Pack, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1952 – Celia Imrie, English actress
    • 1952 – Terry O’Quinn, American actor
    • 1952 – Marky Ramone, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1952 – Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1991)
    • 1953 – Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Haitian priest and politician, 49th President of Haiti
    • 1953 – Sultanah Haminah, Malaysian royal consort
    • 1953 – Mohamad Shahrum Osman, Malaysian politician
    • 1953 – Alicia Bridges, American singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – John Ferguson, Australian rugby league player
    • 1954 – Jeff Jarvis, American journalist and blogger
    • 1954 – Giorgos Kaminis, American-Greek lawyer and politician, 78th Mayor of Athens
    • 1954 – Mario Kempes, Argentinian footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Ashoke Sen, Indian theoretical physicist and string theorist
    • 1956 – Ian Curtis, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Joy Division) (d. 1980)
    • 1956 – Nicholas Harberd, British botanist, educator and academician
    • 1956 – Barry Melrose, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1956 – Steve Mortimer, Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator
    • 1956 – Joe Satriani, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1956 – Wayne Taylor, South African race car driver
    • 1958 – Gary Heale, English footballer and coach
    • 1958 – Mac Thornberry, American lawyer and politician
    • 1959 – Vincent Lindon, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Kim Alexis, American fashion model
    • 1961 – Lolita Davidovich, Canadian actress
    • 1961 – Jean-Christophe Grangé, French journalist and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Scott Ritter, American soldier and international weapons inspector
    • 1961 – Forest Whitaker, American actor
    • 1962 – Nikos Filippou, Greek basketball player and manager
    • 1962 – Michelle Ford, Australian swimmer
    • 1963 – Brigitte Nielsen, Danish-Italian actress
    • 1963 – Steve Thomas, English-Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Alistair Carmichael, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1965 – Gero Miesenböck, Austrian neuroscientist and educator
    • 1965 – David Miliband, English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
    • 1966 – Jason Bonham, English singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1966 – Irène Jacob, French-Swiss actress
    • 1967 – Adam Savage, American actor and special effects designer
    • 1967 – Elbert West, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1968 – Eddie Griffin, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1969 – Ain Tammus, Estonian footballer and coach
    • 1970 – Tarkan Gözübüyük, Turkish bass player and producer
    • 1972 – Scott Foley, American actor
    • 1973 – Brian Austin Green, American actor
    • 1975 – Cherry, American wrestler and manager
    • 1975 – Danny Law, English cricketer
    • 1975 – Ben Pepper, Australian basketball player
    • 1976 – Steve Cunningham, American boxer
    • 1976 – Marco Di Vaio, Italian footballer
    • 1976 – Diane Kruger, German actress and model
    • 1976 – Gabriel Iglesias, Mexican-American comedian and voice actor
    • 1977 – André Nel, South African cricketer
    • 1977 – Lana Parrilla, American actress
    • 1977 – John St. Clair, American football player
    • 1977 – Ray Toro, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Miguel Olivo, Dominican baseball player
    • 1979 – Laura Benanti, American actress and singer
    • 1979 – Alexander Frei, Swiss footballer
    • 1979 – Edda Garðarsdóttir, Icelandic footballer
    • 1979 – Renata Kučerová, Czech tennis player
    • 1980 – Reggie Abercrombie, American baseball player
    • 1980 – BxB Hulk, Japanese professional wrestler
    • 1980 – Jonathan Cheechoo, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (d. 2017)
    • 1981 – Alou Diarra, French footballer
    • 1981 – Petros Klampanis, Greek bassist and composer
    • 1981 – Marius Stankevičius, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1982 – Alan Pérez, Spanish cyclist
    • 1982 – Neemia Tialata, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1982 – Aída Yéspica, Venezuelan model and actress
    • 1983 – Nelson Merlo, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1983 – Will Rudge, English cricketer
    • 1983 – Heath Slater, American wrestler
    • 1984 – Angelo Siniscalchi, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Veronika Velez-Zuzulová, Slovak skier
    • 1985 – Sanjeev, Tamil actor
    • 1985 – Tomer Kapon, Israeli actor
    • 1986 – Tyler Kennedy, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1988 – Riki Christodoulou, English race car driver
    • 1989 – Steven Jahn, German footballer
    • 1989 – Alisa Kleybanova, Russian tennis player
    • 1989 – Anthony Randolph, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Zach Bogosian, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Damian Lillard, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Danilo, Brazilian footballer
    • 1991 – Derrick Favors, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Evgeny Tishchenko, Russian boxer
    • 1992 – Tobias Harris, American basketball player
    • 1992 – Hokutōfuji Daiki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1992 – Wayde van Niekerk, South African sprinter
    • 1993 – Håvard Nielsen, Norwegian footballer

    Deaths on July 15

    • 756 – Yang Guifei, consort of Xuan Zong (b. 719)
    • 998 – Abū al-Wafā’ Būzjānī, Persian mathematician and astronomer (b. 940)
    • 1015 – Vladimir the Great, Grand prince of Kievan Rus’ (b. c. 958)
    • 1274 – Bonaventure, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1221)
    • 1291 – Rudolf I of Germany (b. 1218)
    • 1299 – King Eric II of Norway (b. c. 1268)
    • 1381 – John Ball, English Lollard priest
    • 1388 – Agnes of Durazzo, titular Latin empress consort of Constantinople (d. 1313)
    • 1397 – Catherine of Henneberg, German ruler (b. c. 1334)
    • 1406 – William, Duke of Austria
    • 1410 – Ulrich von Jungingen, German Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (b. 1360)
    • 1445 – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland
    • 1542 – Lisa del Giocondo, subject of Leonardo da Vinci’s painting Mona Lisa (b. 1479)
    • 1544 – René of Châlon (b. 1519)
    • 1571 – Shimazu Takahisa, Japanese daimyō (b. 1514)
    • 1609 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter and illustrator (b. 1560)
    • 1614 – Pierre de Bourdeille, seigneur de Brantôme, French soldier, historian, and author (b. 1540)
    • 1655 – Girolamo Rainaldi, Italian architect (b. 1570)
    • 1685 – James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, Dutch-English general and politician, Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull (b. 1649)
    • 1750 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (b. 1686)
    • 1765 – Charles-André van Loo, French painter (b. 1705)
    • 1767 – Michael Bruce, Scottish poet and composer (b. 1746)
    • 1789 – Jacques Duphly, French harpsichord player and composer (b. 1715)
    • 1828 – Jean-Antoine Houdon, French sculptor (b. 1741)
    • 1839 – Winthrop Mackworth Praed, English poet and politician (b. 1802)
    • 1844 – Claude Charles Fauriel, French philologist and historian (b. 1772)
    • 1851 – Juan Felipe Ibarra, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1787)
    • 1857 – Carl Czerny, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1791)
    • 1858 – Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (b. 1806)
    • 1883 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer (b. 1838)
    • 1885 – Rosalía de Castro, Spanish author and poet (b. 1837)
    • 1890 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (b. 1819)
    • 1898 – Jean-Baptiste Salpointe, French-American archbishop (d. 1825)
    • 1904 – Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short story writer (b. 1860)
    • 1919 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
    • 1929 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1874)
    • 1930 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1845)
    • 1931 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian-German economist and mathematician (b. 1868)
    • 1932 – Bahíyyih Khánum, Iranian writer and leader in the Baha’i faith (b. 1846)
    • 1932 – Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven, South African poet and politician (b. 1873)
    • 1933 – Irving Babbitt, American scholar, critic, and academic (b. 1865)
    • 1933 – Freddie Keppard, American cornet player (b. 1890)
    • 1940 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and physician (b. 1857)
    • 1940 – Robert Wadlow, American giant, 8″11′ 271 cm (b.1918)
    • 1942 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1910)
    • 1944 – Marie-Victorin Kirouac, Canadian botanist and academic (b. 1885)
    • 1946 – Razor Smith, English cricketer and coach (b. 1877)
    • 1947 – Walter Donaldson, American soldier and songwriter (b. 1893)
    • 1948 – John J. Pershing, American general (b. 1860)
    • 1953 – Geevarghese Mar Ivanios, Indian archbishop, founded the Order of the Imitation of Christ (b. 1882)
    • 1957 – James M. Cox, American publisher and politician, 46th Governor of Ohio (b. 1870)
    • 1957 – Vasily Maklakov, Russian lawyer and politician (b. 1869)
    • 1959 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer and academic (b. 1880)
    • 1959 – Vance Palmer, Australian author and critic (b. 1885)
    • 1960 – Set Persson, Swedish politician (b. 1897)
    • 1960 – Lawrence Tibbett, American singer and actor (b. 1896)
    • 1961 – John Edward Brownlee, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Alberta (b. 1884)
    • 1961. – Nina Bari, Russian mathematician (b. 1901)
    • 1965 – Francis Cherry, American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Arkansas (b. 1908)
    • 1966 – Seyfi Arkan, Turkish architect (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Christine Chubbuck, American journalist (b. 1944)
    • 1976 – Paul Gallico, American journalist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1977 – Donald Mackay, Australian businessman and activist (b. 1933)
    • 1979 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Mexican academic and politician, 29th President of Mexico, 1964-1970 (b. 1911)
    • 1981 – Frédéric Dorion, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1898)
    • 1982 – Bill Justis, American saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1926)
    • 1986 – Billy Haughton, American harness racer and trainer (b. 1923)
    • 1988 – Eleanor Estes, American librarian, author, and illustrator (b. 1906)
    • 1989 – Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (b. 1956)
    • 1990 – Zaim Topčić, Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (b. 1920)
    • 1990 – Margaret Lockwood, English actress (b. 1916)
    • 1990 – Omar Abu Risha, Syrian poet and diplomat, 4th Syrian Ambassador to the United States (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (b. 1933)
    • 1992 – Hammer DeRoburt, Nauruan educator and politician, 1st President of Nauru (b. 1922)
    • 1992 – Chingiz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani journalist and author (b. 1960)
    • 1997 – Justinas Lagunavičius, Lithuanian basketball player (b. 1924)
    • 1997 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer, founded Versace (b. 1946)
    • 1998 – S. Shanmuganathan, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1960)
    • 2000 – Louis Quilico, Canadian opera singer and educator (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – C. Balasingham, Sri Lankan lawyer and civil servant (b. 1917)
    • 2003 – Roberto Bolaño, Chilean novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essayist (b. 1953)
    • 2003 – Elisabeth Welch, American actress and singer (b. 1904)
    • 2006 – Robert H. Brooks, American businessman, founder of Hooters and Naturally Fresh, Inc. (b. 1937)
    • 2006 – Alireza Shapour Shahbazi, Iranian archaeologist and academic (b. 1942)
    • 2008 – György Kolonics, Hungarian canoe racer (b. 1972)
    • 2010 – James E. Akins, American politician and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia (b. 1926)
    • 2011 – Friedrich Wilhelm Schnitzler, German landowner and politician (b. 1928)
    • 2011 – Googie Withers, British-Australian actress (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Boris Cebotari, Moldovan footballer (b. 1975)
    • 2012 – Tsilla Chelton, Israeli-French actress (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Grant Feasel, American football player (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – David Fraser, English general (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Celeste Holm, American actress and singer (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Yoichi Takabayashi, Japanese director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Ninos Aho, Syrian-American poet and activist (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Henry Braden, American lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Tom Greenwell, American lawyer and judge (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Earl Gros, American football player (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – Noël Lee, Chinese-American pianist and composer (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Meskerem Legesse, Ethiopian runner (b. 1986)
    • 2013 – John T. Riedl, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1962)
    • 2014 – Óscar Acosta, Honduran author, poet, and diplomat (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – James MacGregor Burns, American historian, political scientist, and author (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Saúl Lara, Spanish footballer (b. 1982)
    • 2014 – Edward Perl, American neuroscientist and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Robert A. Roe, American soldier and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Masahiko Aoki, Japanese-American economist and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2015 – Wan Li, Chinese politician, 4th Vice Premier of the People’s Republic of China (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Aubrey Morris, British actor (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (b. 1933)
    • 2017 – Martin Landau, American film and television actor (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on July 15

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)
      • Anne-Marie Javouhey
      • Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden
      • Bonaventure
      • Dispersion of the Apostles (No longer officially celebrated by the Catholic Church)
      • Donald of Ogilvy
      • Edith of Polesworth
      • Edith of Wilton
      • Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
      • Plechelm
      • Quriaqos and Julietta
      • Swithun
      • Vladimir the Great (Eastern Orthodox; Catholic Church)
      • July 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Birthday of Don Luis Muñoz Rivera can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July. (Puerto Rico)
    • Earliest day on which Galla Bayramy can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Sunday of July. (Turkmenistan)
    • Earliest day on which Marine Day can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July. (Japan)
    • Earliest day on which President’s Day (Botswana) can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July.
    • Elderly Men Day (Kiribati)
    • Festival of Santa Rosalia (Palermo, Sicily)
    • Sultan’s Birthday (Brunei Darussalam)

  • July 5- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 328 – The official opening of Constantine’s Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus (Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.
    • 1316 – The Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea meet in the Battle of Manolada.
    • 1594 – Portuguese forces under the command of Pedro Lopes de Sousa begin an unsuccessful invasion of the Kingdom of Kandy during the Campaign of Danture in Sri Lanka.
    • 1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
    • 1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
    • 1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins.
    • 1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
    • 1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the Electorate of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
    • 1807 – In Buenos Aires the local militias repel the British soldiers within the Second English Invasion.
    • 1809 – The largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of Wagram is fought between the French and Austrian Empires.
    • 1811 – The Venezuelan Declaration of Independence is adopted by a congress of the provinces.
    • 1813 – War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York commence.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa: American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
    • 1833 – Lê Văn Khôi along with 27 soldiers stage a mutiny taking over the Phiên An citadel, developing into the Lê Văn Khôi revolt against Emperor Minh Mạng.
    • 1833 – Admiral Charles Napier vanquishes the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
    • 1841 – Thomas Cook organises the first package excursion, from Leicester to Loughborough.
    • 1884 – Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
    • 1915 – The Liberty Bell leaves Philadelphia by special train on its way to the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. This is the last trip outside Philadelphia that the custodians of the bell intend to permit.
    • 1934 – “Bloody Thursday”: Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
    • 1935 – The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
    • 1937 – Spam, the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
    • 1940 – World War II: Foreign relations of Vichy France are severed with the United Kingdom.
    • 1941 – World War II: Operation Barbarossa: German troops reach the Dnieper river.
    • 1943 – World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
    • 1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the Soviet Union at the Battle of Kursk, also known as Operation Citadel.
    • 1946 – Micheline Bernardini models the first modern bikini at a swimming pool in Paris.
    • 1948 – National Health Service Acts create the national public health system in the United Kingdom.
    • 1950 – Korean War: Task Force Smith: American and North Korean forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan.
    • 1950 – Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
    • 1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
    • 1954 – Elvis Presley records his first single, “That’s All Right”, at Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee.
    • 1962 – The official independence of Algeria is proclaimed after an 8-year-long war with France.
    • 1971 – The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
    • 1973 – A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills eleven firefighters.
    • 1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
    • 1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
    • 1977 – Military coup in Pakistan: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, is overthrown.
    • 1980 – Swedish tennis player Björn Borg wins his fifth Wimbledon final and becomes the first male tennis player to win the championships five times in a row (1976–1980).
    • 1987 – Sri Lankan Civil War: The LTTE uses suicide attacks on the Sri Lankan Army for the first time. The Black Tigers are born and, in the following years, will continue to kill with the tactic.
    • 1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions are later overturned.
    • 1995 – Armenia adopts its constitution, four years after its independence from the Soviet Union.
    • 1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
    • 1997 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP A. Thangathurai is shot dead at Sri Shanmuga Hindu Ladies College in Trincomalee.
    • 1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
    • 2004 – The first direct Indonesian presidential election is held.
    • 2006 – North Korea tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan.
    • 2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.
    • 2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered in England, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, Staffordshire.
    • 2012 – The Shard in London is inaugurated as the tallest building in Europe, with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft).
    • 2016 – The Juno space probe arrives at Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.

    Births on July 5

    • 465 – Ahkal Mo’ Naab’ I, Mayan ruler (d. 524)
    • 980 – Mokjong of Goryeo, Korean king (d. 1009)
    • 1029 – Al-Mustansir Billah, Fatimid caliph (d. 1094)
    • 1057 – Al-Ghazali, Iranian jurist, philosopher, and mystic (d. 1111)
    • 1321 – Joan of the Tower, English consort of David II of Scotland (d. 1362)
    • 1466 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian nobleman (d. 1510)
    • 1547 – Garzia de’ Medici, Tuscan son of Cosimo I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1562)
    • 1549 – Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian cardinal and art collector (d. 1627)
    • 1554 – Elisabeth of Austria, French queen (d. 1592)
    • 1580 – Carlo Contarini, doge of Venice (d. 1656)
    • 1586 – Thomas Hooker, English-born founder of the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1647)
    • 1593 – Achille d’Étampes de Valençay, French military leader (d. 1646)
    • 1653 – Thomas Pitt, English businessman and politician (d. 1726)
    • 1670 – Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg, countess palatine (d. 1748)
    • 1675 – Mary Walcott, American accuser and witness at the Salem witch trials (d. 1719)
    • 1709 – Étienne de Silhouette, French translator and politician, Controller-General of Finances (d. 1767)
    • 1717 – Peter III, Portuguese king (d. 1786)
    • 1718 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1794)
    • 1745 – Carl Arnold Kortum, German physician and poet (d. 1824)
    • 1755 – Sarah Siddons, English actress (d. 1831)
    • 1780 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (d. 1838)
    • 1793 – Pavel Pestel, Russian officer (d. 1826)
    • 1794 – Sylvester Graham, American minister and activist (d. 1851)
    • 1801 – David Farragut, American admiral (d. 1870)
    • 1802 – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (d. 1855)
    • 1803 – George Borrow, British writer (d. 1881)
    • 1805 – Robert FitzRoy, English captain, meteorologist, and politician, 2nd Governor of New Zealand (d. 1865)
    • 1810 – P. T. Barnum, American businessman, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (d. 1891)
    • 1820 – William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish physicist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1872)
    • 1829 – Ignacio Mariscal, Mexican politician and diplomat, Secretary of Foreign Affairs for Mexico (d. 1910)
    • 1832 – Pavel Chistyakov, Russian painter and educator (d. 1919)
    • 1841 – William Collins Whitney, American financier and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1904)
    • 1849 – William Thomas Stead, English journalist (d. 1912)
    • 1853 – Cecil Rhodes, English-South African businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cape Colony (d. 1902)
    • 1857 – Clara Zetkin, German theorist and activist (d. 1933)
    • 1857 – Julien Tiersot, French musicologist and composer (d. 1936)
    • 1860 – Robert Bacon, American colonel and politician, 39th United States Secretary of State (d. 1919)
    • 1860 – Mathieu Jaboulay, French surgeon (d. 1913)
    • 1862 – George Nuttall, American-British bacteriologist (d. 1937)
    • 1862 – Horatio Caro, English chess master (d. 1920)
    • 1864 – Stephan Krehl, German composer (d. 1924)
    • 1867 – A. E. Douglass, American astronomer (d. 1962)
    • 1872 – Édouard Herriot, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1957)
    • 1874 – Eugen Fischer, German physician and academic (d. 1967)
    • 1879 – Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician, 49th United States Secretary of War (d. 1945)
    • 1879 – Wanda Landowska, Polish-French harpsichord player and educator (d. 1959)
    • 1880 – Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1940)
    • 1880 – Constantin Tănase, Romanian actor and playwright (d. 1945)
    • 1882 – Inayat Khan, Indian mystic and educator (d. 1927)
    • 1883 – Gustave Lanctot, Canadian historian, author, and academic (d. 1975)
    • 1884 – Enrico Dante, Italian cardinal (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Blas Infante, Spanish historian and politician (d. 1936)
    • 1885 – André Lhote, French sculptor and painter (d. 1962)
    • 1886 – Willem Drees, Dutch politician and historian, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958) (d. 1988)
    • 1886 – Prince John Konstantinovich of Russia (d. 1918)
    • 1888 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
    • 1888 – Louise Freeland Jenkins, American astronomer and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1889 – Jean Cocteau, French novelist, poet, and playwright (d. 1963)
    • 1890 – Frederick Lewis Allen, American historian and journalist (d. 1954)
    • 1891 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
    • 1891 – Tin Ujević, Croatian poet and translator (d. 1955)
    • 1893 – Anthony Berkeley Cox, English writer (d. 1971)
    • 1893 – Giuseppe Caselli, Italian painter (d. 1976)
    • 1894 – Ants Lauter, Estonian actor and director (d. 1973)
    • 1896 – Thomas Playford IV, Australian politician, 33rd Premier of South Australia (d. 1981)
    • 1898 – Georgios Grivas, Greek general (d. 1974)
    • 1899 – Marcel Achard, French playwright, screenwriter, and author (d. 1974)
    • 1900 – Yoshimaro Yamashina, Japanese ornithologist, founded the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology (d. 1989)
    • 1900 – Bernardus Johannes Alfrink, Dutch cardinal (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Julio Libonatti, Italian-Argentinian footballer (d. 1981)
    • 1902 – Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., American colonel and politician, 3rd United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 1985)
    • 1904 – Harold Acton, English scholar and author (d. 1994)
    • 1904 – Ernst Mayr, German-American biologist and ornithologist (d. 2005)
    • 1904 – Milburn Stone, American actor (d. 1980)
    • 1905 – Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau, Haitian sociologist and educator (d. 1970)
    • 1908 – Henri of Orléans, (d. 1999)
    • 1908 – Lyman S. Ayres II, American businessman (d. 1996)
    • 1910 – Georges Vedel, French lawyer and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1911 – Endel Aruja, Estonian-Canadian physicist and academic (d. 2008)
    • 1911 – Haydn Bunton, Sr., Australian footballer and coach (d. 1955)
    • 1911 – Giorgio Borġ Olivier, Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1980)
    • 1911 – Georges Pompidou, French banker and politician, 19th President of France (d. 1974)
    • 1913 – George Costakis, Russian art collector (d. 1990)
    • 1913 – Smiley Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1966)
    • 1914 – John Thomas Dunlop, American administrator and labor scholar (d. 2003)
    • 1914 – Annie Fischer, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1995)
    • 1915 – Babe Paley, American socialite (d. 1978)
    • 1915 – John Woodruff, American runner and commander (d. 2007)
    • 1915 – Al Timothy, Trinidadian musician and songwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Lívia Rév, Hungarian classical pianist (d. 2018)
    • 1916 – Ivor Powell, Welsh footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1918 – K. Karunakaran, Indian lawyer and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Kerala (d. 2010)
    • 1918 – Brian James, Australian actor (d. 2009)
    • 1918 – Zakaria Mohieddin, Egyptian general and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2012)
    • 1918 – George Rochberg, American composer and educator (d. 2005)
    • 1921 – Viktor Kulikov, Russian marshal (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Nanos Valaoritis, Greek author, poet, and playwright (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – George Moore, Australian jockey (d. 2008)
    • 1923 – Mitsuye Yamada, Japanese American activist
    • 1924 – János Starker, Hungarian-American cellist and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Edward Cassidy, Australian Roman Catholic cardinal priest
    • 1925 – Fernando de Szyszlo, Peruvian painter and sculptor (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Jean Raspail, French author and explorer (d. 2020)
    • 1926 – Diana Lynn, American actress (d. 1971)
    • 1928 – Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Warren Oates, American actor (d. 1982)
    • 1929 – Jimmy Carruthers, Australian boxer (d. 1990)
    • 1929 – Katherine Helmond, American actress and director (d. 2019)
    • 1929 – Tony Lock, English cricketer (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Jovan Rašković, Serbian psychiatrist, academic, and politician (d. 1992)
    • 1929 – Jiří Reynek, Czech poet and graphic artist (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Chikao Ohtsuka, Japanese voice actor (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and politician, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (d. 2000)
    • 1932 – Gyula Horn, Hungarian politician, 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Paul-Gilbert Langevin, French musicologist, critic and physicist (d. 1986)
    • 1936 – Shirley Knight, American actress (d. 2020)
    • 1936 – James Mirrlees, Scottish economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1938 – Ronnie Self, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)
    • 1940 – Chuck Close, American painter and photographer
    • 1941 – Terry Cashman, American singer-songwriter and record producer
    • 1941 – Epeli Nailatikau, Fijian chief, President of Fiji
    • 1942 – Matthias Bamert, Swiss composer and conductor
    • 1942 – Hannes Löhr, German footballer, coach, and manager (d. 2016)
    • 1943 – Curt Blefary, American baseball player and coach (d. 2001)
    • 1943 – Mark Cox, English tennis player, coach and sportscaster
    • 1943 – Robbie Robertson, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
    • 1943 – Pierre Villepreux, French rugby player and coach
    • 1944 – Leni Björklund, Swedish politician, 28th Swedish Minister of Defence for Sweden
    • 1945 – Michael Blake, American author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1945 – Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican lawyer and politician, Attorney General of Mexico
    • 1946 – Pierre-Marc Johnson, Canadian lawyer, physician, and politician, 24th Premier of Quebec
    • 1946 – Paul Smith, English fashion designer
    • 1946 – Gerard ‘t Hooft, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1946 – Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Todd Akin, American politician
    • 1949 – Ludwig G. Strauss, German physician and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1950 – Carlos Caszely, Chilean footballer
    • 1950 – Huey Lewis, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1950 – Michael Monarch, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1951 – Goose Gossage, American baseball player
    • 1951 – Roger Wicker, American colonel, lawyer, and politician
    • 1953 – Caryn Navy, American mathematician and computer scientist
    • 1954 – Jimmy Crespo, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1954 – John Wright, New Zealand cricketer and coach
    • 1955 – Tony Hadley, English footballer
    • 1955 – Peter McNamara, Australian tennis player and coach (d. 2019)
    • 1956 – Horacio Cartes, Paraguayan businessman and politician, President of Paraguay
    • 1956 – James Lofton, American football player and coach
    • 1957 – Carlo Thränhardt, German high jumper
    • 1957 – Doug Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1958 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (d. 1996)
    • 1958 – Bill Watterson, American author and illustrator
    • 1959 – Marc Cohn, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1960 – Pruitt Taylor Vince, American actor and director
    • 1962 – Sarina Hülsenbeck, German swimmer
    • 1963 – Edie Falco, American actress
    • 1964 – Ronald D. Moore, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1965 – Kathryn Erbe, American actress
    • 1965 – Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli-American pianist and educator
    • 1966 – Susannah Doyle, English actress, director, and playwright
    • 1966 – Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer and coach
    • 1968 – Ken Akamatsu, Japanese illustrator
    • 1968 – Kenji Ito, Japanese pianist and composer
    • 1968 – Nardwuar the Human Serviette, Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1968 – Hedi Slimane, French fashion designer and photographer
    • 1968 – Alex Zülle, Swiss cyclist
    • 1968 – Susan Wojcicki, Polish-American technology executive, CEO of YouTube
    • 1969 – Jenji Kohan, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1969 – Armin Kõomägi, Estonian author and screenwriter
    • 1969 – John LeClair, American ice hockey player
    • 1969 – RZA, American rapper, producer, actor, and director
    • 1970 – Mac Dre, American rapper and producer, founded Thizz Entertainment (d. 2004)
    • 1970 – Valentí Massana, Spanish race walker
    • 1971 – Derek McInnes, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1972 – Matthew Birir, Kenyan runner
    • 1972 – Robert Esmie, Canadian sprinter
    • 1972 – Gary Shteyngart, American writer
    • 1973 – Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer and coach
    • 1973 – Bengt Lagerberg, Swedish drummer
    • 1973 – Róisín Murphy, Irish singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1974 – Márcio Amoroso, Brazilian footballer
    • 1975 – Hernán Crespo, Argentinian footballer and coach
    • 1975 – Ai Sugiyama, Japanese tennis player
    • 1976 – Bizarre, American rapper
    • 1976 – Nuno Gomes, Portuguese footballer
    • 1977 – Nicolas Kiefer, German tennis player
    • 1977 – Steven Sharp Nelson, American cellist
    • 1978 – Britta Oppelt, German rower
    • 1978 – Allan Simonsen, Danish race car driver (d. 2013)
    • 1978 – İsmail YK, German-Turkish singer-songwriter
    • 1979 – Shane Filan, Irish singer-songwriter
    • 1979 – Amélie Mauresmo, French-Swiss tennis player
    • 1979 – Stiliyan Petrov, Bulgarian footballer and manager
    • 1980 – David Rozehnal, Czech footballer
    • 1980 – Mads Tolling, Danish-American violinist and composer
    • 1980 – Jason Wade, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1982 – Fabrício de Souza, Brazilian footballer
    • 1982 – Alexander Dimitrenko, Ukrainian-German boxer
    • 1982 – Alberto Gilardino, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Philippe Gilbert, Belgian cyclist
    • 1982 – Kate Gynther, Australian water polo player
    • 1982 – Dave Haywood, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1982 – Paíto, Mozambican footballer
    • 1982 – Javier Paredes, Spanish footballer
    • 1982 – Szabolcs Perenyi, Romanian-Hungarian footballer
    • 1982 – Beno Udrih, Slovenian basketball player
    • 1983 – Marco Estrada, Mexican baseball player
    • 1983 – Jonás Gutiérrez, Argentinian footballer
    • 1983 – Zheng Jie, Chinese tennis player
    • 1983 – Taavi Peetre, Estonian shot putter (d. 2010)
    • 1984 – Danay Garcia, Cuban actress
    • 1984 – Zack Miller, American golfer
    • 1985 – Alexandre R. Picard, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Megan Rapinoe, American soccer player
    • 1986 – Iurii Cheban, Ukrainian canoe sprinter
    • 1986 – Piermario Morosini, Italian footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1986 – Alexander Radulov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Owl City, American singer, songwriter and composer
    • 1987 – Ji Chang-wook, South Korean actor
    • 1987 – Mohd Safiq Rahim, Malaysian footballer
    • 1987 – Andrija Kaluđerović, Serbian footballer
    • 1987 – Alexander Kristoff, Norwegian cyclist
    • 1988 – Martin Liivamägi, Estonian swimmer
    • 1988 – Samir Ujkani, Albanian footballer
    • 1989 – Charlie Austin, English footballer
    • 1989 – Georgios Efrem, Cypriot footballer
    • 1989 – Dwight King, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Abeba Aregawi, Ethiopian-Swedish runner
    • 1992 – Alberto Moreno, Spanish footballer
    • 1992 – Chiara Scholl, American tennis player
    • 1993 – Yaroslav Kosov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1994 – Diana Harkusha, Ukrainian lawyer, dancer, model and beauty queen
    • 1994 – Shohei Ohtani, Japanese baseball player

    Deaths on July 5

    • 905 – Cui Yuan, Chinese chancellor
    • 905 – Dugu Sun, Chinese chancellor
    • 905 – Lu Yi, Chinese chancellor (b. 847)
    • 905 – Pei Shu, Chinese chancellor (b. 841)
    • 905 – Wang Pu, Chinese chancellor
    • 936 – Xu Ji, Chinese official and chancellor
    • 967 – Murakami, Japanese emperor (b. 926)
    • 1080 – Ísleifur Gissurarson, Icelandic bishop (b. 1006)
    • 1091 – William of Hirsau, German abbot
    • 1316 – Ferdinand, prince of Majorca (b. 1278)
    • 1375 – Charles III, French nobleman (b. 1337)
    • 1413 – Musa Çelebi, Ottoman prince and co-ruler
    • 1507 – Crinitus, Italian scholar and academic (b. 1475)
    • 1539 – Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (b. 1502)
    • 1661 – Sir Hugh Speke, 1st Baronet
    • 1666 – Albert VI, German nobleman (b. 1584)
    • 1676 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish field marshal and politician (b. 1613)
    • 1715 – Charles Ancillon, French jurist and diplomat (b. 1659)
    • 1719 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general (b. 1641)
    • 1773 – Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (b. 1719)
    • 1819 – William Cornwallis, English admiral and politician (b.1744)
    • 1826 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (b. 1782)
    • 1833 – Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor, created the first known photograph (b. 1765)
    • 1859 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist and engineer (b. 1777)
    • 1862 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (b. 1800)
    • 1863 – Lewis Armistead, American general (b. 1817)
    • 1884 – Victor Massé, French composer (b. 1822)
    • 1908 – Jonas Lie, Norwegian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1833)
    • 1920 – Max Klinger, German painter and sculptor (b. 1857)
    • 1927 – Albrecht Kossel, German physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)
    • 1929 – Henry Johnson, American sergeant (b. 1897)
    • 1932 – Sasha Chorny, Russian poet and author (b. 1880)
    • 1935 – Bernard de Pourtalès, Swiss captain and sailor (b. 1870)
    • 1937 – Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (b. 1884)
    • 1943 – Kazimierz Junosza-Stępowski, Polish actor (b. 1880)
    • 1943 – Karin Swanström, Swedish actress, director, and producer (b. 1873)
    • 1945 – John Curtin, Australian journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
    • 1948 – Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (b. 1888)
    • 1948 – Carole Landis, American actress (b. 1919)
    • 1948 – Piet Aalberse, Dutch politician (b. 1871)
    • 1957 – Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1887)
    • 1965 – Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican race car driver, polo player, and diplomat (b. 1909)
    • 1966 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
    • 1969 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist and educator (b. 1884)
    • 1969 – Walter Gropius, German architect, designed the John F. Kennedy Federal Building and Werkbund Exhibition (b. 1883)
    • 1969 – Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician, 1st Kenyan Minister of Justice (b. 1930)
    • 1969 – Leo McCarey, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1898)
    • 1975 – Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano and actress (b. 1892)
    • 1983 – Harry James, American trumpet player and actor (b. 1916)
    • 1984 – Chic Murray, Canadian politician, 2nd Mayor of Mississauga (b. 1914)
    • 1991 – Howard Nemerov, American poet and essayist (b. 1920)
    • 1995 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (b. 1919)
    • 1997 – A. Thangathurai, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (b. 1936)
    • 1998 – Sid Luckman, American football player (b. 1916)
    • 2002 – Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (b. 1924)
    • 2002 – Ted Williams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1918)
    • 2004 – Hugh Shearer, Jamaican journalist and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Rodger Ward, American race car driver and sportscaster (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – James Stockdale, American admiral (b. 1923)
    • 2006 – Gert Fredriksson, Swedish canoe racer (b. 1919)
    • 2006 – Thirunalloor Karunakaran, Indian poet and scholar (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Kenneth Lay, American businessman (b. 1942)
    • 2006 – Amzie Strickland, American actress (b. 1919)
    • 2007 – Régine Crespin, French soprano (b. 1927)
    • 2007 – George Melly, English singer-songwriter and critic (b. 1926)
    • 2008 – Hasan Doğan, Turkish businessman (b. 1956)
    • 2010 – Bob Probert, Canadian ice hockey player and radio host (b. 1965)
    • 2011 – Cy Twombly, American-Italian painter, sculptor, and photographer (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Rob Goris, Belgian cyclist (b. 1982)
    • 2012 – Gerrit Komrij, Dutch author, poet, and playwright (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Colin Marshall, Baron Marshall of Knightsbridge, English businessman and politician (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Ruud van Hemert, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Bud Asher, American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – David Cargo, American politician, 22nd Governor of New Mexico (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Lambert Jackson Woodburne, South African admiral (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Rosemary Murphy, American actress (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Volodymyr Sabodan, Ukrainian metropolitan (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Hans-Ulrich Wehler, German historian and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Brett Wiesner, American soccer player (b. 1983)
    • 2015 – Archduchess Dorothea of Austria (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Uffe Haagerup, Danish mathematician and academic (b. 1949)
    • 2015 – Yoichiro Nambu, Japanese-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)

    Holidays and observances on July 5

    • Bloody Thursday (International Longshore and Warehouse Union)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Anthony Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
      • Cyril and Methodius (a public holiday in Czech Republic and Slovakia)
      • Zoe of Rome (Roman Catholic Church)
      • July 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Armenia)
    • Independence Day (Algeria), celebrating the independence of Algeria from France in 1962.
    • Independence Day (Cape Verde), celebrating the independence of Cape Verde from Portugal in 1975.
    • Independence Day (Venezuela), celebrating the independence of Venezuela from Spain in 1811; also National Armed Forces Day.
    • Tynwald Day, if July 5 is on a weekend, the holiday is the following Monday. (Isle of Man)

  • July 2 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    This day is the midpoint of a common year because there are 182 days before and 182 days after it in common years, and 183 before and 182 after in leap years. The exact time of the middle of the year is at noon. In countries that use summertime the actual exact time of the midpoint in a common year is at 1:00 p.m for locations in the northern hemisphere or 11:00 a.m for locations in the southern hemisphere; this is when 182 days and 12 hours have elapsed and there are 182 days and 12 hours remaining. In a leap year in those countries, the middle of the year is at midnight. In countries that use summer time, the midpoint occurs at 1:00 a.m. on July 2, or 11:00 p.m. on July 1 in the southern hemisphere. This is due to summertime having advanced the time by one hour. It falls on the same day of the week as New Year’s Day in common years.

    • 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire. His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to exercise political influence at the court in Rome.
    • 626 – Li Shimin, the future Emperor Taizong of Tang, ambushes and kills his rival brothers Li Yuanji and Li Jiancheng in the Xuanwu Gate Incident.
    • 706 – In China, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang inters the bodies of relatives in the Qianling Mausoleum, located on Mount Liang outside Chang’an.
    • 866 – Battle of Brissarthe: The Franks led by Robert the Strong are defeated by a joint Breton-Viking army.
    • 936 – King Henry the Fowler dies in his royal palace in Memleben. He is succeeded by his son Otto I, who becomes the ruler of East Francia.
    • 963 – The Byzantine army proclaims Nikephoros II Phokas Emperor of the Romans on the plains outside Cappadocian Caesarea.
    • 1298 – The Battle of Göllheim is fought between Albert I of Habsburg and Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg.
    • 1494 – The Treaty of Tordesillas is ratified by Spain.
    • 1504 – Bogdan III the One-Eyed becomes Voivode of Moldavia.
    • 1555 – Ottoman Admiral Turgut Reis sacks the Italian city of Paola.
    • 1561 – Menas, emperor of Ethiopia, defeats a revolt in Emfraz.
    • 1582 – Battle of Yamazaki: Toyotomi Hideyoshi defeats Akechi Mitsuhide.
    • 1613 – The first English expedition (from Virginia) against Acadia led by Samuel Argall takes place.
    • 1644 – English Civil War: Battle of Marston Moor.
    • 1645 – Battle of Alford: Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
    • 1698 – Thomas Savery patents the first steam engine.
    • 1776 – American Revolution: The Continental Congress adopts a resolution severing ties with the Kingdom of Great Britain although the wording of the formal Declaration of Independence is not published until July 4.
    • 1816 – The French frigate Méduse strikes the Bank of Arguin and 151 people on board have to be evacuated on an improvised raft, a case immortalised by Géricault’s painting The Raft of the Medusa.
    • 1822 – Thirty-five slaves, including Denmark Vesey, are hanged in South Carolina after being accused of organizing a slave rebellion.
    • 1823 – Bahia Independence Day: The end of Portuguese rule in Brazil, with the final defeat of the Portuguese crown loyalists in the province of Bahia.
    • 1839 – Twenty miles off the coast of Cuba, 53 kidnapped Africans led by Joseph Cinqué mutiny and take over the slave ship Amistad.
    • 1853 – The Russian Army crosses the Pruth river into the Danubian Principalities, Moldavia and Wallachia—providing the spark that will set off the Crimean War.
    • 1871 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy enters Rome after having conquered it from the Papal States.
    • 1881 – Charles J. Guiteau shoots and fatally wounds U.S. President James A. Garfield (who will die of complications from his wounds on September 19).
    • 1890 – The U.S. Congress passes the Sherman Antitrust Act.
    • 1897 – British-Italian engineer Guglielmo Marconi obtains a patent for radio in London.
    • 1900 – The first Zeppelin flight takes place on Lake Constance near Friedrichshafen, Germany.
    • 1900 – Jean Sibelius’ Finlandia receives its première performance in Helsinki with the Helsinki Philharmonic Society conducted by Robert Kajanus.
    • 1921 – World War I: U.S. President Warren G. Harding signs the Knox–Porter Resolution formally ending the war between the United States and Germany.
    • 1934 – The Night of the Long Knives ends with the death of Ernst Röhm.
    • 1937 – Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan are last heard from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight.
    • 1940 – Indian independence leader Subhas Chandra Bose is arrested and detained in Calcutta.
    • 1940 – The SS Arandora Star is sunk by U-47 in the North Atlantic with the loss of over 800 lives, mostly civilians.
    • 1962 – The first Walmart store, then known as Wal-Mart, opens for business in Rogers, Arkansas.
    • 1964 – Civil rights movement: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 meant to prohibit segregation in public places.
    • 1966 – France conducts its first nuclear weapon test in the Pacific, on Moruroa Atoll.
    • 1976 – End of South Vietnam; Communist North Vietnam annexes the former South Vietnam to form the unified Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
    • 1986 – Rodrigo Rojas and Carmen Gloria Quintana are burnt alive during a street demonstration against the dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile.
    • 1990 – In the 1990 Mecca tunnel tragedy, 1,400 Muslim pilgrims are suffocated to death and trampled upon in a pedestrian tunnel leading to the holy city of Mecca.
    • 1994 – USAir Flight 1016 crashes near Charlotte Douglas International Airport, killing 37 of the 57 people on board.
    • 1997 – The Bank of Thailand floats the baht, triggering the Asian financial crisis.
    • 2000 – Vicente Fox Quesada is elected the first President of México from an opposition party, the Partido Acción Nacional, after more than 70 years of continuous rule by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional.
    • 2001 – The AbioCor self-contained artificial heart is first implanted.
    • 2002 – Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly solo around the world nonstop in a balloon.
    • 2005 – The Live 8 benefit concerts takes place in the G8 states and in South Africa. More than 1,000 musicians perform and are broadcast on 182 television networks and 2,000 radio networks.
    • 2008 – Colombian conflict: Íngrid Betancourt, a member of the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia, is released from captivity after being held for six and a half years by FARC.
    • 2010 – The South Kivu tank truck explosion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo kills at least 230 people.
    • 2013 – The International Astronomical Union names Pluto’s fourth and fifth moons, Kerberos and Styx.
    • 2013 – A magnitude 6.1 earthquake strikes Aceh, Indonesia, killing at least 42 people and injuring 420 others.

    Births on July 2

    • 419 – Valentinian III, Roman emperor (d. 455)
    • 1363 – Maria, Queen of Sicily (d. 1401)
    • 1478 – Louis V, Elector Palatine (d. 1544)
    • 1486 – Jacopo Sansovino, Italian sculptor and architect (d. 1570)
    • 1489 – Thomas Cranmer, English archbishop, theologian, and saint (d. 1556)
    • 1492 – Elizabeth Tudor, English daughter of Henry VII of England (d. 1495)
    • 1500 – Federico Cesi (cardinal), Italian cardinal (d. 1565)
    • 1575 – Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby, English noblewoman and head of state of the Isle of Man (d. 1627)
    • 1597 – Theodoor Rombouts, Flemish painter (d. 1637)
    • 1647 – Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, English politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 1730)
    • 1648 – Arp Schnitger, German organ builder (d. 1719)
    • 1665 – Samuel Penhallow, English-American soldier and historian (d. 1726)
    • 1667 – Pietro Ottoboni, Italian cardinal and art collector (d. 1740)
    • 1714 – Christoph Willibald Gluck, German composer (d. 1787)
    • 1724 – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet and author (d. 1803)
    • 1797 – Francisco Javier Echeverría, Mexican businessman and politician. President of Mexico (1841) (d. 1852)
    • 1819 – Charles-Louis Hanon, French pianist and composer (d. 1900)
    • 1820 – George Law Curry, American publisher and politician, 5th Governor of the Oregon Territory (d. 1878)
    • 1820 – Juan N. Méndez, Mexican general and interim president, 1876-1877 (d. 1894)
    • 1821 – Charles Tupper, Canadian physician and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1915)
    • 1825 – Émile Ollivier, French statesman (d. 1913)
    • 1834 – Hendrick Peter Godfried Quack, Dutch economist and historian (d. 1917)
    • 1849 – Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (d. 1919)
    • 1862 – William Henry Bragg, English physicist, chemist, and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
    • 1865 – Lily Braun, German author and publicist (d. 1916)
    • 1869 – Liane de Pougy, French-Swiss dancer and author (d. 1950)
    • 1876 – Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist and academic (d. 1933)
    • 1876 – Wilhelm Cuno, German businessman and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1933)
    • 1877 – Hermann Hesse, German-born Swiss poet, novelist, and painter, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)
    • 1877 – Rinaldo Cuneo, American artist (“the painter of San Francisco”) (d. 1939)
    • 1881 – Royal Hurlburt Weller, American lawyer and politician (d. 1929)
    • 1884 – Alfons Maria Jakob, German neurologist and author (d. 1931)
    • 1893 – Ralph Hancock, Welsh gardener and author (d. 1950)
    • 1900 – Tyrone Guthrie, English actor and director (d. 1971)
    • 1900 – Sophie Harris, English costume and scenic designer for theatre and opera (d. 1966)
    • 1902 – K. Kanapathypillai, Sri Lankan author and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1902 – Germaine Thyssens-Valentin, Dutch-French pianist (d. 1987)
    • 1903 – Alec Douglas-Home, English cricketer and politician, 66th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
    • 1903 – Olav V of Norway (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – René Lacoste, French tennis player and businessman, created the polo shirt (d. 1996)
    • 1906 – Hans Bethe, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
    • 1906 – Károly Kárpáti, Hungarian Jewish wrestler (d. 1996)
    • 1906 – Séra Martin, French middle-distance runner (d. 1993)
    • 1908 – Thurgood Marshall, American lawyer and jurist, 32nd Solicitor General of the United States (d. 1993)
    • 1911 – Reg Parnell, English race car driver and manager (d. 1964)
    • 1913 – Max Beloff, Baron Beloff, English historian and academic (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Frederick Fennell, American conductor and educator (d. 2004)
    • 1914 – Ethelreda Leopold, American actress (d. 1988)
    • 1914 – Mário Schenberg, Brazilian physicist and engineer (d. 1990)
    • 1914 – Erich Topp, German admiral (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington, British peer, politician and soldier (d. 2014)
    • 1916 – Ken Curtis, American actor and singer (d. 1991)
    • 1916 – Hans-Ulrich Rudel, German colonel and pilot (d. 1982)
    • 1916 – Reino Kangasmäki, Finnish wrestler (d. 2010)
    • 1916 – Zélia Gattai, Brazilian author and photographer (d. 2008)
    • 1917 – Leonard J. Arrington, American author and academic, founded the Mormon History Association (d. 1999)
    • 1918 – Athos Bulcão, Brazilian painter and sculptor (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Indumati Bhattacharya, Indian politician
    • 1919 – Jean Craighead George, American author (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – John Kneubuhl, Samoan-American historian, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 1992)
    • 1922 – Pierre Cardin, Italian-French fashion designer
    • 1922 – Paula Valenska, Czech actress
    • 1923 – Cyril M. Kornbluth, American soldier and author (d. 1958)
    • 1923 – Wisława Szymborska, Polish poet and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Medgar Evers, American soldier and activist (d. 1963)
    • 1925 – Patrice Lumumba, Congolese politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (d. 1961)
    • 1925 – Marvin Rainwater, American singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Octavian Paler, Romanian journalist and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Lee Allen, American saxophone player (d. 1994)
    • 1927 – James Mackay, Baron Mackay of Clashfern, Scottish lawyer and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
    • 1927 – Brock Peters, American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1929 – Imelda Marcos, Filipino politician; 10th First Lady of the Philippines
    • 1930 – Carlos Menem, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 50th President of Argentina
    • 1931 – Mohammad Yazdi, Iranian cleric
    • 1932 – Dave Thomas, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Wendy’s (d. 2002)
    • 1933 – Peter Desbarats, Canadian journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1933 – Kenny Wharram, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Tom Springfield, English musician
    • 1935 – Gilbert Kalish, American pianist and educator
    • 1936 – Omar Suleiman, Egyptian general and politician, 16th Vice President of Egypt (d. 2012)
    • 1937 – Polly Holliday, American actress
    • 1937 – Richard Petty, American race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1938 – David Owen, English physician and politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
    • 1939 – Alexandros Panagoulis, Greek poet and politician (d. 1976)
    • 1939 – John H. Sununu, American engineer and politician, 14th White House Chief of Staff
    • 1939 – Paul Williams, American singer and choreographer (d. 1973)
    • 1940 – Kenneth Clarke, English politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
    • 1941 – William Guest, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1941 – Wendell Mottley, Trinidadian sprinter, economist, and politician
    • 1942 – John Eekelaar, South African-English lawyer and scholar
    • 1942 – Vicente Fox, Mexican businessman and politician, 35th President of Mexico (2000-2006)
    • 1943 – Ivi Eenmaa, Estonian politician, 36th Mayor of Tallinn
    • 1943 – Larry Lake, American-Canadian trumpet player and composer (d. 2013)
    • 1946 – Richard Axel, American neuroscientist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1946 – Ron Silver, American actor, director, and political activist (d. 2009)
    • 1947 – Larry David, American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton, English politician, Minister for International Security Strategy
    • 1948 – Mutula Kilonzo, Kenyan lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1949 – Greg Brown, American musician
    • 1949 – Robert Paquette, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1950 – Lynne Brindley, English librarian and academic
    • 1950 – Jon Trickett, English politician
    • 1952 – Sylvia Rivera, American transgender rights activist (d. 2002)
    • 1952 – Anatoliy Solomin, Ukrainian race walker and coach
    • 1954 – Chris Huhne, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change
    • 1955 – Kim Carr, Australian educator and politician, 31st Australian Minister for Human Services
    • 1956 – Jerry Hall, American model and actress
    • 1957 – Bret Hart, Canadian wrestler
    • 1957 – Jüri Raidla, Estonian lawyer and politician, Estonian Minister of Justice
    • 1957 – Purvis Short, American basketball player
    • 1958 – Pavan Malhotra, Indian actor
    • 1960 – Maria Lourdes Sereno, Filipino lawyer and jurist, 24th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
    • 1961 – Clark Kellogg, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1962 – Neil Williams, English cricketer (d. 2006)
    • 1964 – Jose Canseco, Cuban-American baseball player and mixed martial artist
    • 1964 – Ozzie Canseco, Cuban-American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1964 – Joe Magrane, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Alan Tait, English-Scottish rugby player and coach
    • 1965 – Norbert Röttgen, German lawyer and politician
    • 1969 – Tim Rodber, English rugby player
    • 1970 – Derrick Adkins, American hurdler
    • 1970 – Steve Morrow, Northern Irish footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Troy Brown, American football player and actor
    • 1971 – Bryan Redpath, Scottish rugby player and coach
    • 1972 – Darren Shan, English author
    • 1974 – Sean Casey, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Éric Dazé, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Kristen Michal, Estonian lawyer and politician
    • 1975 – Erik Ohlsson, Swedish singer and guitarist
    • 1975 – Stefan Terblanche, South African rugby player
    • 1976 – Krisztián Lisztes, Hungarian footballer
    • 1976 – Tomáš Vokoun, Czech-American ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Deniz Barış, Turkish footballer
    • 1978 – Jüri Ratas, Estonian politician, 42nd Mayor of Tallinn
    • 1979 – Walter Davis, American triple jumper
    • 1979 – Ahmed al-Ghamdi, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of United Airlines Flight 175 (d. 2001)
    • 1979 – Sam Hornish Jr., American race car driver
    • 1979 – Joe Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Nyjer Morgan, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Nathan Ellington, English footballer
    • 1981 – Carlos Rogers, American football player
    • 1983 – Michelle Branch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1983 – Kyle Hogg, English cricketer
    • 1984 – Thomas Kortegaard, Danish footballer
    • 1984 – Johnny Weir, American figure skater
    • 1985 – Rhett Bomar, American football player
    • 1985 – Chad Henne, American football player
    • 1985 – Ashley Tisdale, American actress, singer, and producer
    • 1986 – Brett Cecil, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Lindsay Lohan, American actress and singer
    • 1987 – Esteban Granero, Spanish footballer
    • 1988 – Lee Chung-yong, South Korean footballer
    • 1989 – Nadezhda Grishaeva, Russian basketball player
    • 1989 – Alex Morgan, American soccer player
    • 1990 – Kayla Harrison, American judoka
    • 1990 – Merritt Mathias, American soccer player
    • 1990 – Morag McLellan, Scottish field hockey player
    • 1990 – Margot Robbie, Australian actress and producer
    • 1990 – Danny Rose, English footballer
    • 1990 – Bill Tupou, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1992 – Madison Chock, American ice dancer
    • 1993 – Vince Staples, American rapper and actor
    • 1994 – Henrik Kristoffersen, Norwegian skier
    • 1995 – Ryan Murphy, American swimmer
    • 1996 – Julia Grabher, Austrian tennis player

    Deaths on July 2

    • 626 – Li Jiancheng, Chinese prince (b. 589)
    • 626 – Li Yuanji, Chinese prince (b. 603)
    • 649 – Li Jing, Chinese general (b. 571)
    • 862 – Swithun, English bishop and saint (b. 789)
    • 866 – Robert the Strong, Frankish nobleman
    • 936 – Henry the Fowler, German king (b. 876)
    • 1215 – Eisai, Japanese Buddhist priest (b. 1141)
    • 1298 – Adolf of Germany (b. 1220)
    • 1504 – Stephen III of Moldavia (b. 1434)
    • 1566 – Nostradamus, French astrologer and author (b. 1503)
    • 1578 – Thomas Doughty, English explorer
    • 1582 – Akechi Mitsuhide, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1528)
    • 1591 – Vincenzo Galilei, Italian lute player and composer (b. 1520)
    • 1619 – Francis II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1547)
    • 1621 – Thomas Harriot, English astronomer, mathematician, and ethnographer (b. 1560)
    • 1656 – François-Marie, comte de Broglie, Italian-French general (b. 1611)
    • 1674 – Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1614)
    • 1743 – Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1673)
    • 1746 – Thomas Baker, English antiquarian and author (b. 1656)
    • 1778 – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher and composer (b. 1712)
    • 1833 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 1st Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (b. 1757)
    • 1843 – Samuel Hahnemann, German physician and academic (b. 1755)
    • 1850 – Robert Peel, English lieutenant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1788)
    • 1857 – Carlo Pisacane, Italian soldier and philosopher (b. 1818)
    • 1903 – Ed Delahanty, American baseball player (b. 1867)
    • 1912 – Tom Richardson, English cricketer (b. 1870)
    • 1914 – Joseph Chamberlain, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (b. 1836)
    • 1915 – Porfirio Díaz, Mexican general and politician, 29th President of Mexico (b. 1830)
    • 1920 – William Louis Marshall, American general and engineer (b. 1846)
    • 1926 – Émile Coué, French psychologist and pharmacist (b. 1857)
    • 1929 – Gladys Brockwell, American actress (b. 1894)
    • 1932 – Manuel II of Portugal (b. 1889)
    • 1950 – Thomas William Burgess, English swimmer and water polo player (b. 1872)
    • 1955 – Edward Lawson, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1873)
    • 1961 – Ernest Hemingway, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
    • 1963 – Alicia Patterson, American publisher, co-founded Newsday (b. 1906)
    • 1964 – Fireball Roberts, American race car driver (b. 1929)
    • 1966 – Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet and author (b. 1900)
    • 1970 – Jessie Street, Australian suffragette and feminist (b. 1889)
    • 1972 – Joseph Fielding Smith, American religious leader, 10th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1876)
    • 1973 – Betty Grable, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1916)
    • 1973 – George McBride, American baseball player and manager (b. 1880)
    • 1973 – Ferdinand Schörner, German field marshal (b. 1892)
    • 1975 – James Robertson Justice, English actor (b. 1907)
    • 1977 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian-born novelist and critic (b. 1899)
    • 1978 – Aris Alexandrou, Greek author and poet (b. 1922)
    • 1986 – Peanuts Lowrey, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
    • 1988 – Vibert Douglas, Canadian astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1894)
    • 1989 – Andrei Gromyko, Soviet economist and politician, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1909)
    • 1990 – Snooky Lanson, American singer (b. 1914)
    • 1991 – Lee Remick, American actress (b. 1935)
    • 1993 – Fred Gwynne, American actor (b. 1926)
    • 1994 – Andrés Escobar, Colombian footballer (b. 1967)
    • 1995 – Lloyd MacPhail, Canadian businessman and politician, 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island (b. 1920)
    • 1997 – James Stewart, American actor (b. 1908)
    • 1999 – Mario Puzo, American author and screenwriter (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Joey Dunlop, Northern Irish motorcycle racer (b. 1952)
    • 2002 – Ray Brown, American bassist and composer (b. 1926)
    • 2003 – Briggs Cunningham, American race car driver and businessman (b. 1907)
    • 2004 – Mochtar Lubis, Indonesian journalist and author (b. 1922)
    • 2005 – Ernest Lehman, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
    • 2005 – Norm Prescott, American actor, composer, and producer, co-founded Filmation Studios (b. 1927)
    • 2006 – Jan Murray, American comedian, actor, and game show host (b. 1916)
    • 2007 – Beverly Sills, American operatic soprano and television personality (b. 1929)
    • 2008 – Natasha Shneider, Russian-American singer, keyboard player, and actress (b. 1956)
    • 2008 – Elizabeth Spriggs, English actress and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 2010 – Beryl Bainbridge, English screenwriter and author (b. 1932)
    • 2011 – Itamar Franco, Brazilian engineer and politician, 33rd President of Brazil (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Maurice Chevit, French actor and screenwriter (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Julian Goodman, American journalist (b. 1922)
    • 2012 – Angelo Mangiarotti, Italian architect and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Betty Meggers, American archaeologist and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Ed Stroud, American baseball player (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Anthony G. Bosco, American bishop (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist, invented the computer mouse (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Armand Gaudreault, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Anthony Llewellyn, Welsh-American chemist, academic, and astronaut (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Emilio Álvarez Montalván, Nicaraguan ophthalmologist and politician (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Manuel Cardona, Spanish physicist and academic (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Mary Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe (b. 1915)
    • 2014 – Harold W. Kuhn, American mathematician and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Louis Zamperini, American runner and World War II US Army Air Forces captain (b. 1917)
    • 2015 – Ronald Davison, New Zealand lawyer and judge, 10th Chief Justice of New Zealand (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Charlie Sanders, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1946)
    • 2015 – Jim Weaver, American football player and coach (b. 1945)
    • 2015 – Jacobo Zabludovsky, Mexican journalist (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Caroline Aherne, English actress and comedian (b. 1963)
    • 2016 – Michael Cimino, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)
    • 2016 – Patrick Manning, 4th & 6th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1946)
    • 2016 – Elie Wiesel, Holocaust survivor, activist, and author (b. 1928)
    • 2020 – Ángela Jeria, Chilean archaeologist (b. 1926)
    • 2020 – Byron Bernstein Reckful, gamer, Twitch streamer, investor (b. 1989)

    Holidays and observances on July 2

    • Christian feast day:
      • Aberoh and Atom (Coptic Church)
      • Bernardino Realino
      • Feast of the Visitation (Anglicanism; Levoča at Mariánska hora)
      • Monegundis
      • Otto of Bamberg
      • Oudoceus
      • Martinian and Processus
      • Pishoy (Coptic Church)
      • Stephen III of Moldavia
      • July 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Unity Day can fall, while July 8 is the latest; celebrated on Tuesday following Heroes’ Day. (Zambia)
    • Flag Day (Curaçao)
    • Palio di Provenzano (Siena, Italy)
    • Police Day (Azerbaijan)

  • June 29 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei.
    • 1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi.
    • 1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, leading to his excommunication by the Catholic Church and civil war.
    • 1444 – Skanderbeg defeats an Ottoman invasion force at Torvioll.
    • 1534 – Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island.
    • 1613 – The Globe Theatre in London, built by William Shakespeare‘s playing company, the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, burns to the ground.
    • 1644 – Charles I of England defeats a Parliamentarian detachment at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge.
    • 1659 – At the Battle of Konotop the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky defeat the Russians led by Prince Trubetskoy.
    • 1786 – Alexander Macdonell and over five hundred Roman Catholic highlanders leave Scotland to settle in Glengarry County, Ontario.
    • 1807 – Russo-Turkish War: Admiral Dmitry Senyavin destroys the Ottoman fleet in the Battle of Athos.
    • 1850 – Autocephaly officially granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople to the Church of Greece.
    • 1864 – At least 99 people, mostly German and Polish immigrants, are killed in Canada’s worst railway disaster after a train fails to stop for an open drawbridge and plunges into the Rivière Richelieu near St-Hilaire, Quebec.
    • 1874 – Greek politician Charilaos Trikoupis publishes a manifesto in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled “Who’s to Blame?” leveling complaints against King George. Trikoupis is elected Prime Minister of Greece the next year.
    • 1880 – France annexes Tahiti, renaming the independent Kingdom of Tahiti as “Etablissements de français de l’Océanie”.
    • 1881 – In Sudan, Muhammad Ahmad declares himself to be the Mahdi, the messianic redeemer of Islam.
    • 1888 – George Edward Gouraud records Handel’s Israel in Egypt onto a phonograph cylinder, thought for many years to be the oldest known recording of music.
    • 1889 – Hyde Park and several other Illinois townships vote to be annexed by Chicago, forming the largest United States city in area and second largest in population at the time.
    • 1915 – The North Saskatchewan River flood of 1915 is the worst flood in Edmonton history.
    • 1916 – British diplomat turned Irish nationalist Roger Casement is sentenced to death for his part in the Easter Rising.
    • 1922 – France grants 1 km2 at Vimy Ridge “freely, and for all time, to the Government of Canada, the free use of the land exempt from all taxes”.
    • 1927 – The Bird of Paradise, a U.S. Army Air Corps Fokker tri-motor, completes the first transpacific flight, from the mainland United States to Hawaii.
    • 1945 – The Soviet Union annexes the Czechoslovak province of Carpathian Ruthenia.
    • 1950 – Korean War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman authorizes a sea blockade of Korea.
    • 1956 – The Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 is signed by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System.
    • 1972 – The United States Supreme Court rules in the case Furman v. Georgia that arbitrary and inconsistent imposition of the death penalty violates the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments and constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.
    • 1974 – Vice President Isabel Perón assumes powers and duties as Acting President of Argentina, while her husband President Juan Peron is terminally ill.
    • 1974 – Mikhail Baryshnikov defects from the Soviet Union to Canada while on tour with the Kirov Ballet.
    • 1975 – Steve Wozniak tested his first prototype of Apple I computer.
    • 1976 – The Seychelles become independent from the United Kingdom.
    • 1976 – The Conference of Communist and Workers Parties of Europe convenes in East Berlin.
    • 1987 – Vincent Van Gogh’s painting, the Le Pont de Trinquetaille, was bought for $20.4 million at an auction in London, England.
    • 1995 – Space Shuttle program: STS-71 Mission (Atlantis) docks with the Russian space station Mir for the first time.
    • 1995 – The Sampoong Department Store collapses in the Seocho District of Seoul, South Korea, killing 501 and injuring 937.
    • 2002 – Naval clashes between South Korea and North Korea lead to the death of six South Korean sailors and sinking of a North Korean vessel.
    • 2006 – Hamdan v. Rumsfeld: The U.S. Supreme Court rules that President George W. Bush’s plan to try Guantanamo Bay detainees in military tribunals violates U.S. and international law.
    • 2007 – Apple Inc. releases its first mobile phone, the iPhone.
    • 2012 – A derecho sweeps across the eastern United States, leaving at least 22 people dead and millions without power.
    • 2014 – The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant self-declared its caliphate in Syria and northern Iraq.

    Births on June 29

    • 1136 – Petronilla of Aragon (d. 1173)
    • 1326 – Murad I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1389)
    • 1398 – John II of Aragon and Navarre (d. 1479)
    • 1443 – Anthony Browne, English knight (d. 1506)
    • 1482 – Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal (d. 1517)
    • 1488 – Pedro Pacheco de Villena, Catholic cardinal (d. 1560)
    • 1517 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (d. 1585)
    • 1525 – Peter Agricola, German humanist, theologian, diplomat and statesman (d. 1585)
    • 1528 – Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1589)
    • 1543 – Christine of Hesse, Duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1604)
    • 1596 – Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan (d. 1680)
    • 1621 – Willem van der Zaan, Dutch Admiral (d. 1669)
    • 1686 – Pietro Paolo Troisi, Maltese artist (d. 1743)
    • 1746 – Joachim Heinrich Campe, German linguist, author, and educator (d. 1818)
    • 1768 – Vincenzo Dimech, Maltese sculptor (d. 1831)
    • 1787 – Lavinia Stoddard, American poet, school founder (d. 1820)
    • 1793 – Josef Ressel, Czech-Austrian inventor, invented the propeller (d. 1857)
    • 1798 – Willibald Alexis, German author and poet (d. 1871)
    • 1798 – Giacomo Leopardi, Italian poet and philosopher (d. 1837)
    • 1801 – Frédéric Bastiat, French economist and theorist (d. 1850)
    • 1803 – John Newton Brown, American minister and author (d. 1868)
    • 1818 – Angelo Secchi, Italian astronomer and academic (d. 1878)
    • 1819 – Thomas Dunn English, American poet, playwright, and politician (d. 1902)
    • 1833 – Peter Waage, Norwegian chemist and academic (d. 1900)
    • 1835 – Celia Thaxter, American poet and story writer (d. 1894)
    • 1844 – Peter I of Serbia (d. 1921)
    • 1849 – Pedro Montt, Chilean lawyer and politician, 15th President of Chile (d. 1910)
    • 1849 – Sergei Witte, Russian politician, 1st Chairmen of Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire (d. 1915)
    • 1849 – John Hunn, American businessman and politician, 51st Governor of Delaware (d. 1926)
    • 1858 – George Washington Goethals, American general and engineer, co-designed the Panama Canal (d. 1928)
    • 1858 – Julia Lathrop, American activist and politician (d. 1932)
    • 1861 – William James Mayo, American physician and surgeon, co-founded the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
    • 1863 – Wilbert Robinson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1934)
    • 1866 – Bartholomeus Roodenburch, Dutch swimmer (d. 1939)
    • 1868 – George Ellery Hale, American astronomer and journalist (d. 1938)
    • 1870 – Joseph Carl Breil, American tenor, composer, and director (d. 1926)
    • 1873 – Leo Frobenius, German ethnologist and archaeologist (d. 1938)
    • 1879 – Benedetto Aloisi Masella, Italian cardinal (d. 1970)
    • 1880 – Ludwig Beck, German general (d. 1944)
    • 1881 – Harry Frazee, American director, producer, and agent (d. 1929)
    • 1881 – Curt Sachs, German-American composer and musicologist (d. 1959)
    • 1882 – Henry Hawtrey, English runner (d. 1961)
    • 1882 – Franz Seldte, German captain and politician, Reich Minister for Labour (d. 1947)
    • 1886 – Robert Schuman, Luxembourgian-French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1963)
    • 1888 – Squizzy Taylor, Australian gangster (d. 1927)
    • 1889 – Willie Macfarlane, Scottish-American golfer (d. 1961)
    • 1890 – Robert Laurent, American sculptor and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1890 – Hendrikje van Andel-Schipper, Dutch supercentenarian (d. 2005)
    • 1893 – Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, Indian economist and statistician (d. 1972)
    • 1893 – Aarre Merikanto, Finnish composer and educator (d. 1958)
    • 1897 – Fulgence Charpentier, Canadian journalist and publisher (d. 2001)
    • 1898 – Yvonne Lefébure, French pianist and educator (d. 1986)
    • 1900 – Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, French poet and pilot (d. 1944)
    • 1901 – Nelson Eddy, American singer and actor (d. 1967)
    • 1903 – Alan Blumlein, English engineer, developed the H2S radar (d. 1942)
    • 1904 – Witold Hurewicz, Polish mathematician (d. 1956)
    • 1906 – Ivan Chernyakhovsky, Ukrainian general (d. 1945)
    • 1906 – Heinz Harmel, German general (d. 2000)
    • 1908 – Leroy Anderson, American composer and conductor (d. 1975)
    • 1908 – Erik Lundqvist, Swedish javelin thrower (d. 1963)
    • 1910 – Frank Loesser, American composer and conductor (d. 1969)
    • 1910 – Burgess Whitehead, American baseball player (d. 1993)
    • 1911 – Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld (d. 2004)
    • 1911 – Katherine DeMille, Canadian-American actress (d. 1995)
    • 1911 – Bernard Herrmann, American composer and conductor (d. 1975)
    • 1912 – José Pablo Moncayo, Mexican pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1958)
    • 1912 – Émile Peynaud, French oenologist and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – John Toland, American historian and author (d. 2004)
    • 1913 – Earle Meadows, American pole vaulter (d. 1992)
    • 1914 – Rafael Kubelík, Czech-American conductor and composer (d. 1996)
    • 1914 – Christos Papakyriakopoulos, Greek-American mathematician and academic (d. 1976)
    • 1916 – Ruth Warrick, American actress and activist (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Ling Yun, Chinese politician (d. 2018)
    • 1918 – Heini Lohrer, Swiss ice hockey player (d. 2011)
    • 1918 – Gene La Rocque, U.S admiral (d. 2016)
    • 1918 – Francis W. Nye, United States Air Force major general (d. 2019)
    • 1919 – Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada, Mexican cardinal (d. 2008)
    • 1919 – Walter Babington Thomas, Commander of British Far East Land Forces (d. 2017)
    • 1919 – Slim Pickens, American actor and rodeo performer (d. 1983)
    • 1920 – César Rodríguez Álvarez, Spanish footballer and manager (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Ray Harryhausen, American animator and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Nicole Russell, Duchess of Bedford (d. 2012)
    • 1921 – Frédéric Dard, French author and screenwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1921 – Jean Kent, English actress (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Reinhard Mohn, German businessman (d. 2009)
    • 1921 – Harry Schell, French-American race car driver (d. 1960)
    • 1922 – Ralph Burns, American songwriter, bandleader, composer, conductor, arranger and pianist (d. 2001)
    • 1922 – Vasko Popa, Serbian poet and academic (d. 1991)
    • 1922 – John William Vessey, Jr., American general (d. 2016)
    • 1923 – Chou Wen-chung, Chinese-American composer and educator (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Ezra Laderman, American composer and educator (d. 2015)
    • 1924 – Roy Walford, American pathologist and gerontologist (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – Philip H. Hoff, American politician (d. 2018)
    • 1925 – Francis S. Currey, American World War II Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Giorgio Napolitano, Italian journalist and politician, 11th President of Italy
    • 1925 – Chan Parker, American dancer and author (d. 1999)
    • 1925 – Jackie Lynn Taylor, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Cara Williams, American actress
    • 1926 – Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Kuwaiti ruler, 3rd Emir of Kuwait (d. 2006)
    • 1926 – Julius W. Becton, Jr., U.S lieutenant general
    • 1926 – Roger Stuart Bacon, Nova Scotia politician
    • 1926 – Bobby Morgan, American professional baseball player
    • 1927 – Pierre Perrault, Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1927 – Marie Thérèse Killens, Canadian politician
    • 1928 – Ian Bannen, Scottish actor (d. 1999)
    • 1928 – Jean-Louis Pesch, French author and illustrator
    • 1928 – Radius Prawiro, Indonesian economist and politician (d. 2005)
    • 1929 – Pat Crawford Brown, American actress
    • 1929 – Pete George, American weightlifter
    • 1929 – Oriana Fallaci, Italian journalist and author (d. 2006)
    • 1930 – Ernst Albrecht, German economist and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Lower Saxony (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Robert Evans, American actor and producer (d. 2019)
    • 1930 – Viola Léger, American-Canadian actress and politician
    • 1930 – Sławomir Mrożek, Polish-French author and playwright (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Sevim Burak, Turkish author (d. 1983)
    • 1932 – Brian Hutton, Baron Hutton, British jurist; Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland
    • 1933 – Bob Shaw, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – John Bradshaw, American theologian and author (d. 2016)
    • 1934 – Corey Allen, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1935 – Vassilis C. Constantakopoulos, Greek captain and businessman (d. 2011)
    • 1935 – Katsuya Nomura, Japanese baseball player and manager
    • 1936 – Harmon Killebrew, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2011)
    • 1939 – Alan Connolly, Australian cricketer
    • 1939 – Amarildo Tavares da Silveira, Brazilian footballer and coach
    • 1940 – Vyacheslav Artyomov, Russian composer
    • 1940 – John Dawes, Welsh rugby player and coach
    • 1941 – John Boccabella, American baseball player
    • 1941 – Stokely Carmichael, Trinidadian-American activist (d. 1998)
    • 1942 – Charlotte Bingham, English author and screenwriter
    • 1942 – Mike Willesee, Australian journalist and producer (d. 2019)
    • 1943 – Little Eva, American singer (d. 2003)
    • 1943 – Louis Nicollin, French entrepreneur and chairman of Montpellier HSC (d. 2017)
    • 1944 – Gary Busey, American actor
    • 1944 – Andreu Mas-Colell, Spanish economist, academic, and politician
    • 1944 – Seán Patrick O’Malley, American cardinal
    • 1945 – Chandrika Kumaratunga, Sri Lankan journalist and politician, 5th President of Sri Lanka
    • 1946 – Ernesto Pérez Balladares, Panamanian politician, 33rd President of Panama
    • 1946 – Egon von Fürstenberg, Swiss fashion designer (d. 2004)
    • 1947 – Richard Lewis, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Sean Bergin, South African-Dutch saxophonist and flute player (d. 2012)
    • 1948 – Fred Grandy, American actor and politician
    • 1948 – Ian Paice, English drummer, songwriter, and producer
    • 1948 – Usha Prashar, Baroness Prashar, Kenyan-English politician
    • 1949 – Dan Dierdorf, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1949 – Joan Clos, Spanish anesthesiologist and politician, 116th Mayor of Barcelona
    • 1949 – Ann Veneman, American lawyer and politician, 27th United States Secretary of Agriculture
    • 1950 – Bobby London, American illustrator
    • 1951 – Craig Sager, American sportscaster (d. 2016)
    • 1953 – Don Dokken, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1953 – Colin Hay, Scottish-Australian singer and guitarist
    • 1954 – Rick Honeycutt, American baseball player and coach
    • 1954 – Leovegildo Lins da Gama Júnior, Brazilian footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1955 – Charles J. Precourt, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1956 – Nick Fry, English economist and businessman
    • 1956 – David Burroughs Mattingly, American illustrator and painter
    • 1956 – Pedro Guerrero, Dominican-American baseball player and manager
    • 1956 – Pedro Santana Lopes, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 118th Prime Minister of Portugal
    • 1956 – Pyotr Vasilevsky, Belarusian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1957 – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Turkmen dentist and politician, 2nd President of Turkmenistan
    • 1957 – María Conchita Alonso, Cuban-Venezuelan singer and actress
    • 1957 – Robert Forster, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1957 – Michael Nutter, American politician, 98th Mayor of Philadelphia
    • 1957 – Terry Wyatt, English physicist and academic
    • 1958 – Dieter Althaus, German politician
    • 1958 – Rosa Mota, Portuguese runner
    • 1961 – Sharon Lawrence, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1962 – Amanda Donohoe, English actress
    • 1962 – Joan Laporta, Spanish lawyer and politician
    • 1962 – George D. Zamka, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1963 – Anne-Sophie Mutter, German violinist
    • 1964 – Stedman Pearson, English singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1965 – Tripp Eisen, American guitarist
    • 1965 – Paul Jarvis, English cricketer
    • 1966 – Yoko Kamio, Japanese author and comic artist
    • 1967 – Jeff Burton, American race car driver
    • 1967 – Melora Hardin, American actress and singer
    • 1967 – Seamus McGarvey, Northern Irish cinematographer
    • 1968 – Brian d’Arcy James, American actor and musician
    • 1968 – Theoren Fleury, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1968 – Judith Hoag, American actress and educator
    • 1969 – Claude Béchard, Canadian politician (d. 2010)
    • 1969 – Pavlos Dermitzakis, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1969 – Tōru Hashimoto, Japanese lawyer and politician
    • 1970 – Melanie Paschke, German sprinter
    • 1970 – Emily Skinner, American actress and singer
    • 1971 – Matthew Good, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1973 – George Hincapie, American cyclist
    • 1976 – Daniel Carlsson, Swedish race car driver
    • 1976 – Bret McKenzie, New Zealand comedian, actor, musician, songwriter, and producer
    • 1977 – Sotiris Liberopoulos, Greek footballer
    • 1977 – Zuleikha Robinson, English actress
    • 1978 – Nicole Scherzinger, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
    • 1979 – Matthew Bode, Australian footballer
    • 1979 – Andy O’Brien, English footballer
    • 1979 – Marleen Veldhuis, Dutch swimmer
    • 1980 – Katherine Jenkins, Welsh soprano and actress
    • 1981 – Luke Branighan, Australian rugby league player
    • 1981 – Joe Johnson, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Nicolás Vuyovich, Argentinian race car driver (d. 2005)
    • 1981 – Shmuly Yanklowitz, American rabbi, author, and educator
    • 1982 – Dusty Hughes, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Lily Rabe, American actress
    • 1983 – Aundrea Fimbres, American singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1983 – Jeremy Powers, American cyclist
    • 1984 – Aleksandr Shustov, Russian high jumper
    • 1985 – Quintin Demps, American football player
    • 1986 – José Manuel Jurado, Spanish footballer
    • 1986 – Edward Maya, Romanian singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1988 – Éver Banega, Argentinian footballer
    • 1990 – Kim Little, Scottish footballer
    • 1990 – Yann M’Vila, French footballer
    • 1991 – Suk Hyun-jun, South Korean footballer
    • 1991 – Kawhi Leonard, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Addison Timlin, American actress
    • 1993 – Harrison Gilbertson, Australian actor
    • 1994 – Camila Mendes, American actress and model
    • 1996 – Joseph Manu, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1998 – Michael Porter Jr., American basketball player
    • 2006 – Sam Lavagnino, American child voice actor

    Deaths on June 29

    • 226 – Cao Pi, Chinese emperor (b. 187)
    • 884 – Yang Shili, general of the Tang Dynasty
    • 976 – Gero, archbishop of Cologne
    • 1059 – Bernard II, Duke of Saxony (b. 995)
    • 1149 – Raymond of Poitiers, Prince of Antioch (b. 1115)
    • 1153 – Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
    • 1252 – Abel, King of Denmark (b. 1218)
    • 1293 – Henry of Ghent, philosopher (b. c.1217)
    • 1315 – Ramon Llull, Spanish philosopher (b. 1235)
    • 1344 – Joan of Savoy, duchess consort of Brittany, throne claimant of Savoy (b. 1310)
    • 1374 – Jan Milíč of Kroměříž, Czech priest and reformer
    • 1432 – Janus of Cyprus (b. 1375)
    • 1509 – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby (b. 1443)
    • 1520 – Moctezuma II, Aztec ruler (b. 1466)
    • 1575 – Baba Nobuharu, Japanese samurai (b. 1515)
    • 1594 – Niels Kaas, Danish politician, Chancellor of Denmark (b. 1535)
    • 1626 – Scipione Cobelluzzi, Italian cardinal and archivist (b. 1564)
    • 1646 – Laughlin Ó Cellaigh, Gaelic-Irish Lord
    • 1725 – Arai Hakuseki, Japanese philosopher, academic, and politician (b. 1657)
    • 1729 – Edward Taylor, American-English poet, pastor, and physician (b. circa 1642)
    • 1744 – André Campra, French composer and conductor (b. 1660)
    • 1764 – Ralph Allen, English businessman and philanthropist (b. 1693)
    • 1779 – Anton Raphael Mengs, German painter (b. 1728)
    • 1831 – Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein, Prussian minister and politician (b. 1757)
    • 1840 – Lucien Bonaparte, French prince (b. 1775)
    • 1852 – Henry Clay, American lawyer and politician, 9th United States Secretary of State (b. 1777)
    • 1853 – Adrien-Henri de Jussieu, French botanist and academic (b. 1797)
    • 1855 – John Gorrie, American physician and humanitarian (b. 1803)
    • 1860 – Thomas Addison, English physician and endocrinologist (b. 1793)
    • 1861 – Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English poet and translator (b. 1806)
    • 1873 – Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Indian poet and playwright (b. 1824)
    • 1875 – Ferdinand I of Austria (b. 1793)
    • 1895 – Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist (b. 1825)
    • 1900 – Ivan Mikheevich Pervushin, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1827)
    • 1907 – Konstantinos Volanakis, Greek painter and academic (b. 1837)
    • 1919 – José Gregorio Hernández Venezuelan physician and educator (b. 1864)
    • 1931 – Nérée Beauchemin, Canadian poet and physician (b. 1850)
    • 1933 – Roscoe Arbuckle, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1887)
    • 1935 – Jack O’Neill, Irish-American baseball player and manager (b. 1873)
    • 1936 – János Szlepecz, Slovene priest and missionary (b. 1872)
    • 1940 – Paul Klee, Swiss painter and illustrator (b. 1879)
    • 1941 – Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Polish pianist, composer, and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1860)
    • 1942 – Paul Troje, German politician, Mayor of Marburg (b. 1864)
    • 1949 – Themistoklis Sofoulis, Greek politician, 115th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1860)
    • 1955 – Max Pechstein, German painter and academic (b. 1881)
    • 1960 – Frank Patrick, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1885)
    • 1962 – Charles Lyon Chandler, American historian (b. 1883)
    • 1964 – Eric Dolphy, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1928)
    • 1967 – Primo Carnera, Italian boxer and actor (b. 1906)
    • 1967 – Jayne Mansfield, American actress (b. 1933)
    • 1969 – Moise Tshombe, Congolese accountant and politician, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (b. 1919)
    • 1971 – Nestor Mesta Chayres, Mexican operatic tenor and bolero vocalist (b. 1908)
    • 1975 – Tim Buckley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1947)
    • 1978 – Bob Crane, American actor (b. 1928)
    • 1979 – Lowell George, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1945)
    • 1980 – Jorge Basadre, Peruvian historian (b. 1903)
    • 1981 – Russell Drysdale, English-Australian painter (b. 1912)
    • 1982 – Pierre Balmain, French fashion designer, founded Balmain (b. 1914)
    • 1982 – Henry King, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1886)
    • 1986 – Frank Wise, Australian politician, 16th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1897)
    • 1990 – Irving Wallace, American author and screenwriter (b. 1916)
    • 1992 – Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian soldier and politician, President of Algeria (b. 1919)
    • 1993 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
    • 1994 – Kurt Eichhorn, German conductor and educator (b. 1908)
    • 1995 – Lana Turner, American actress (b. 1921)
    • 1997 – William Hickey, American actor (b. 1927)
    • 1998 – Horst Jankowski, German pianist and composer (b. 1936)
    • 1999 – Karekin I, Syrian-Armenian patriarch (b. 1950)
    • 1999 – Allan Carr, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1937)
    • 2000 – Vittorio Gassman, Italian actor and director (b. 1922)
    • 2002 – Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (b. 1928)
    • 2003 – Katharine Hepburn, American actress (b. 1907)
    • 2004 – Bernard Babior, American physician and biochemist (b. 1935)
    • 2004 – Alvin Hamilton, Canadian lieutenant and politician, 18th Canadian Minister of Agriculture (b. 1912)
    • 2006 – Fabián Bielinsky, Argentinian director and screenwriter (b. 1959)
    • 2006 – Randy Walker, American football player and coach (b. 1954)
    • 2007 – Fred Saberhagen, American soldier and author (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – Joel Siegel, American journalist and critic (b. 1943)
    • 2009 – Joe Bowman, American, target shooter and boot-maker (b. 1925)
    • 2011 – K. D. Sethna, Indian poet, scholar, writer, philosopher, and cultural critic (b. 1904)
    • 2012 – Yong Nyuk Lin, Singaporean politician, Singaporean Minister of Health (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Vincent Ostrom, American political scientist and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Juan Reccius, Chilean triple jumper (b. 1911)
    • 2012 – Floyd Temple, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Peter Fitzgerald, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1937)
    • 2013 – Jack Gotta, American-Canadian football player, coach, and manager (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist and author (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Gilma Jiménez, Colombian politician (b. 1956)
    • 2014 – Damian D’Oliveira, South African cricketer (b. 1960)
    • 2014 – Dermot Healy, Irish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1947)
    • 2015 – Hisham Barakat, Egyptian lawyer and judge (b. 1950)
    • 2015 – Josef Masopust, Czech footballer and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Charles Pasqua, French businessman and politician, French Minister of the Interior (b. 1927)
    • 2016 – Jan Hettema, Springbok cyclist and five times South African National Rally Champion (b. 1933)
    • 2017 – Louis Nicollin, French entrepreneur and chairman of Montpellier HSC from 1974 to his death (b. 1943)
    • 2017 – Dave Semenko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1957)
    • 2018 – Steve Ditko, American comic writer and illustrator (b. 1927)
    • 2020 – Carl Reiner, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)

    Holidays and observances on June 29

    • Christian feast day:
      • Cassius of Narni
      • Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (Western Christianity), and its related observances:
        • Haro Wine Festival (Haro, La Rioja)
        • l-Imnarja (Malta)
      • June 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Engineer’s Day (Ecuador)
    • Independence Day (Seychelles), celebrates the independence of Seychelles from the United Kingdom in 1976.
    • Veterans’ Day (Netherlands)

  • June 16 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 363 – Emperor Julian marches back up the Tigris and burns his fleet of supply ships. During the withdrawal, Roman forces suffer several attacks from the Persians.
    • 632 – Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king (shah) of the Persian Empire. He becomes the last ruler of the Sasanian dynasty (modern Iran).
    • 1407 – Ming–Hồ War: Retired King Hồ Quý Ly and his son King Hồ Hán Thương of Hồ dynasty are captured by the Ming armies.
    • 1487 – Battle of Stoke Field: King Henry VII of England defeats the leaders of a Yorkist rebellion in the final engagement of the Wars of the Roses.
    • 1586 – Mary, Queen of Scots, recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir and successor.
    • 1745 – War of the Austrian Succession: New England colonial troops under the command of William Pepperrell capture the Fortress of Louisbourg in Louisbourg, New France (Old Style date).
    • 1746 – War of the Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
    • 1755 – French and Indian War: The French surrender Fort Beauséjour to the British, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians.
    • 1779 – Spain declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Great Siege of Gibraltar begins.
    • 1795 – French Revolutionary Wars: In what became known as Cornwallis’s Retreat, a British Royal Navy squadron led by Vice Admiral William Cornwallis strongly resists a much larger French Navy force and withdraws largely intact, setting up the French Navy defeat at the Battle of Groix six days later.
    • 1811 – Survivors of an attack the previous day by Tla-o-qui-aht on board the Pacific Fur Company’s ship Tonquin, intentionally detonate a powder magazine on the ship, destroying it and killing about 100 attackers.
    • 1815 – Battle of Ligny and Battle of Quatre Bras, two days before the Battle of Waterloo.
    • 1819 – A major earthquake strikes the Kutch district of western India, killing over 1,543 people and raising a 6 m high, 6 km wide, ridge, extending for at least 80 km, that was known as the Allah Bund (“Dam of God”).
    • 1836 – The formation of the London Working Men’s Association gives rise to the Chartist Movement.
    • 1846 – The Papal conclave of 1846 elects Pope Pius IX, beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy.
    • 1858 – Abraham Lincoln delivers his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
    • 1871 – The Universities Tests Act 1871 allows students to enter the universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests (except for those intending to study theology).
    • 1883 – The Victoria Hall theatre panic in Sunderland, England, kills 183 children.
    • 1884 – The first purpose-built roller coaster, LaMarcus Adna Thompson’s “Switchback Railway”, opens in New York’s Coney Island amusement park.
    • 1897 – A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
    • 1903 – The Ford Motor Company is incorporated.
    • 1903 – Roald Amundsen leaves Oslo, Norway, to commence the first east-west navigation of the Northwest Passage.
    • 1904 – Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolay Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
    • 1904 – Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; this date is now traditionally called “Bloomsday”.
    • 1911 – IBM founded as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company in Endicott, New York.
    • 1922 – General election in the Irish Free State: The pro-Treaty Sinn Féin party wins a large majority.
    • 1925 – The most famous Young Pioneer camp of the Soviet Union, Artek, is established.
    • 1930 – Sovnarkom establishes decree time in the USSR.
    • 1933 – The National Industrial Recovery Act is passed in the United States, allowing businesses to avoid antitrust prosecution if they establish voluntary wage, price, and working condition regulations on an industry-wide basis.
    • 1940 – World War II: Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Chief of State of Vichy France (Chef de l’État Français).
    • 1940 – A Communist government is installed in Lithuania.
    • 1944 – In a gross miscarriage of justice, George Junius Stinney Jr., age 14, becomes the youngest person executed in the United States in the 20th century after being convicted in a two-hour trial for the rape and murder of two teenage white girls.
    • 1948 – Members of the Malayan Communist Party kill three British plantation managers in Sungai Siput; in response, British Malaya declares a state of emergency.
    • 1955 – In a futile effort to topple Argentine President Juan Perón, rogue aircraft pilots of the Argentine Navy drop several bombs upon an unarmed crowd demonstrating in favor of Perón in Buenos Aires, killing 364 and injuring at least 800. At the same time on the ground, some soldiers attempt to stage a coup but are suppressed by loyal forces.
    • 1958 – Imre Nagy, Pál Maléter and other leaders of the 1956 Hungarian Uprising are executed.
    • 1961 – While on tour with the Kirov Ballet in Paris, Rudolf Nureyev defects from the Soviet Union.
    • 1963 – Soviet Space Program: Vostok 6 mission: Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space.
    • 1972 – The largest single-site hydroelectric power project in Canada is inaugurated at Churchill Falls Generating Station.
    • 1976 – Soweto uprising: A non-violent march by 15,000 students in Soweto, South Africa, turns into days of rioting when police open fire on the crowd.
    • 1977 – Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL), by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.
    • 1981 – US President Ronald Reagan awards the Congressional Gold Medal to Ken Taylor, Canada’s former ambassador to Iran, for helping six Americans escape from Iran during the hostage crisis of 1979–81; he is the first foreign citizen bestowed the honor.
    • 1989 – Revolutions of 1989: Imre Nagy, the former Hungarian prime minister, is reburied in Budapest following the collapse of Communism in Hungary.
    • 1997 – Fifty people are killed in the Daïat Labguer (M’sila) massacre in Algeria.
    • 2000 – The Secretary-General of the UN reports that Israel has complied with United Nations Security Council Resolution 425, 22 years after its issuance, and completely withdrew from Lebanon. The Resolution does not encompass the Shebaa farms, which is claimed by Israel, Syria and Lebanon.
    • 2010 – Bhutan becomes the first country to institute a total ban on tobacco.
    • 2012 – China successfully launches its Shenzhou 9 spacecraft, carrying three astronauts, including the first female Chinese astronaut Liu Yang, to the Tiangong-1 orbital module.
    • 2012 – The United States Air Force’s robotic Boeing X-37B spaceplane returns to Earth after a classified 469-day orbital mission
    • 2013 – A multi-day cloudburst, centered on the North Indian state of Uttarakhand, causes devastating floods and landslides, becoming the country’s worst natural disaster since the 2004 tsunami.
    • 2016 – Shanghai Disneyland Park, the first Disney Park in Mainland China, opens to the public.
    • 2019 – Upwards of 2,000,000 people participate in the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, the largest in Hong Kong’s history.

    Births on June 16

    • 1139 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (d. 1155)
    • 1332 – Isabella de Coucy, English daughter of Edward III of England (d. 1379)
    • 1454 – Joanna of Aragon, Queen of Naples (d. 1517)
    • 1514 – John Cheke, English academic and politician, English Secretary of State (d. 1557)
    • 1516 – Yang Jisheng, Ming dynasty official and Confucian martyr (d. 1555)
    • 1583 – Axel Oxenstierna, Swedish politician, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden (d. 1654)
    • 1591 – Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Greek-Italian physician, mathematician, and theorist (d. 1655)
    • 1606 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier and politician (d. 1675)
    • 1613 – John Cleveland, English poet and educator (d. 1658)
    • 1625 – Samuel Chappuzeau, French scholar (d. 1701)
    • 1633 – Jean de Thévenot, French linguist and botanist (d. 1667)
    • 1644 – Henrietta Anne Stuart, Princess of Scotland, England and Ireland (d. 1670)
    • 1653 – James Bertie, 1st Earl of Abingdon, English nobleman (d. 1699)
    • 1713 – Meshech Weare, American farmer, lawyer, and politician, 1st Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1786)
    • 1723 – Adam Smith, Scottish philosopher and economist (d. 1790)
    • 1738 – Mary Katherine Goddard, American publisher (d. 1816)
    • 1754 – Salawat Yulayev, Russian poet (d. 1800)
    • 1792 – John Linnell, English painter and engraver (d. 1882)
    • 1801 – Julius Plücker, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1868)
    • 1806 – Edward Davy, English physician and chemist (d. 1885)
    • 1813 – Otto Jahn, German archaeologist and philologist (d. 1869)
    • 1820 – Athanase Josué Coquerel, Dutch-French preacher and theologian (d. 1875)
    • 1821 – Old Tom Morris, Scottish golfer and architect (d. 1908)
    • 1826 – Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist and botanist (d. 1897)
    • 1829 – Geronimo, American tribal leader (d. 1909)
    • 1836 – Wesley Merritt, American general and politician, Military Governor of the Philippines (d. 1910)
    • 1837 – Ernst Laas, German philosopher and academic (d. 1885)
    • 1838 – Frederic Archer, English organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1901)
    • 1838 – Cushman Kellogg Davis, American lieutenant and politician, 7th Governor of Minnesota (d. 1900)
    • 1840 – Ernst Otto Schlick, German engineer and author (d. 1913)
    • 1850 – Max Delbrück, German chemist and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1857 – Arthur Arz von Straußenburg, Austrian-Hungarian general (d. 1935)
    • 1858 – Gustaf V of Sweden (d. 1950)
    • 1863 – Francisco León de la Barra, Mexican politician and diplomat (d. 1939)
    • 1866 – Germanos Karavangelis, Greek-Austrian metropolitan (d. 1935)
    • 1874 – Arthur Meighen, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1960)
    • 1880 – Otto Eisenschiml, Austrian-American chemist and author (d. 1963)
    • 1882 – Mohammad Mosaddegh, Iranian educator and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Iran (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Erich Jacoby, Estonian-Polish architect (d. 1941)
    • 1888 – Alexander Friedmann, Russian physicist and mathematician (d. 1925)
    • 1888 – Peter Stoner, American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1980)
    • 1890 – Stan Laurel, English actor and comedian (d. 1965)
    • 1896 – Murray Leinster, American author and screenwriter (d. 1976)
    • 1897 – Georg Wittig, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
    • 1899 – Helen Traubel, American operatic soprano (d. 1972)
    • 1902 – Barbara McClintock, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1992)
    • 1902 – George Gaylord Simpson, American paleontologist and author (d. 1984)
    • 1906 – Alan Fairfax, Australian cricketer (d. 1955)
    • 1907 – Jack Albertson, American actor (d. 1981)
    • 1909 – Archie Carr, American ecologist and zoologist (d. 1987)
    • 1910 – Juan Velasco Alvarado, Peruvian general and politician, 1st President of Peru (d. 1977)
    • 1912 – Albert Chartier, Canadian illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – Enoch Powell, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Health (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Eleanor Sokoloff, American pianist and teacher
    • 1915 – John Tukey, American mathematician and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1915 – Marga Faulstich, German glass chemist (d. 1998)
    • 1917 – Phaedon Gizikis, Greek general and politician, President of Greece (d. 1999)
    • 1917 – Katharine Graham, American publisher (d. 2001)
    • 1917 – Aurelio Lampredi, Italian automobile and aircraft engine designer (d. 1989)
    • 1917 – Irving Penn, American photographer (d. 2009)
    • 1920 – Isabelle Holland, Swiss-American author (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – Raymond Lemieux, Canadian chemist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – José López Portillo, Mexican lawyer and politician, 31st President of Mexico (d. 2004)
    • 1920 – Hemanta Mukharjee, Indian singer and music director
    • 1922 – Ilmar Kullam, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Ron Flockhart, Scottish race car driver (d. 1962)
    • 1924 – Faith Domergue, American actress (d. 1999)
    • 1925 – Jean d’Ormesson, French journalist and author (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Otto Muehl, Austrian-Portuguese painter and director (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Efraín Ríos Montt, Guatemalan general and politician, 26th President of Guatemala (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Tom Graveney, English cricketer and sportscaster (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Herbert Lichtenfeld, German author and screenwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1927 – Ariano Suassuna, Brazilian author and playwright (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait
    • 1930 – Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian-American cinematographer and producer (d. 2016)
    • 1934 – Eileen Atkins, English actress and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Roger Neilson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2003)
    • 1935 – Jim Dine, American painter and illustrator
    • 1937 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Bulgarian politician, 48th Prime Minister of Bulgaria
    • 1937 – Erich Segal, American author and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Thomas Boyd-Carpenter, English general
    • 1938 – Torgny Lindgren, Swedish author and poet (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Joyce Carol Oates, American novelist, short story writer, critic, and poet
    • 1939 – Billy “Crash” Craddock, American singer-songwriter
    • 1940 – Māris Čaklais, Latvian poet, writer, and journalist (d. 2003)
    • 1940 – Neil Goldschmidt, American lawyer and politician, 33rd Governor of Oregon
    • 1941 – Rosalind Baker, Australian author
    • 1941 – Lamont Dozier, American songwriter and producer
    • 1941 – Tommy Horton, English golfer (d. 2017)
    • 1941 – Mumtaz Hamid Rao, Pakistani journalist (d. 2011)
    • 1942 – Giacomo Agostini, Italian motorcycle racer and manager
    • 1942 – Eddie Levert, American R&B/soul singer-songwriter, musician, and actor
    • 1944 – Henri Richelet, French painter and etcher
    • 1945 – Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1945 – Lucienne Robillard, Canadian social worker and politician, 59th Secretary of State for Canada
    • 1946 – Rick Adelman, American basketball player and coach
    • 1946 – John Astor, 3rd Baron Astor of Hever, English businessman and politician
    • 1946 – Karen Dunnell, English statistician and academic
    • 1946 – Tom Harrell, American trumpet player and composer
    • 1946 – Neil MacGregor, Scottish historian and curator
    • 1946 – Iain Matthews, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1946 – Jodi Rell, American politician, 87th Governor of Connecticut
    • 1946 – Mark Ritts, American actor, puppeteer, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Derek Sanderson, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1946 – Simon Williams, English actor and playwright
    • 1947 – Tom Malone, American trombonist, composer, and producer
    • 1947 – Buddy Roberts, American wrestler (d. 2012)
    • 1947 – Al Cowlings, American ex-NFL player and close friend of O.J. Simpson and Nicole Brown Simpson
    • 1947 – Tom Wyner, English-American voice actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Ron LeFlore, American baseball player and manager
    • 1949 – Paulo Cézar Caju, Brazilian footballer
    • 1949 – Ralph Mann, American hurdler and author
    • 1950 – Mithun Chakraborty, Indian actor and politician
    • 1950 – Michel Clair, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – Jerry Petrowski, American politician and farmer
    • 1951 – Charlie Dominici, American singer and guitarist
    • 1951 – Roberto Durán, Panamanian boxer
    • 1952 – George Papandreou, Greek sociologist and politician, 182nd Prime Minister of Greece
    • 1952 – Gino Vannelli, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1953 – Valerie Mahaffey, American actress
    • 1953 – Ian Mosley, English drummer
    • 1954 – Matthew Saad Muhammad, American boxer and trainer (d. 2014)
    • 1954 – Garry Roberts, Irish guitarist
    • 1955 – Grete Faremo, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Defence
    • 1955 – Laurie Metcalf, American actress
    • 1955 – Artemy Troitsky, Russian journalist and critic
    • 1957 – Ian Buchanan, Scottish-American actor
    • 1957 – Leeona Dorrian, Lady Dorrian, Scottish lawyer and judge
    • 1958 – Darrell Griffith, American basketball player
    • 1958 – Ulrike Tauber, German swimmer
    • 1958 – Warren Rodwell, Australian soldier, educator and musician
    • 1959 – The Ultimate Warrior, American wrestler (d. 2014)
    • 1960 – Peter Sterling, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1961 – Can Dündar, Turkish journalist and author
    • 1961 – Robbie Kerr, Australian cricketer
    • 1961 – Steve Larmer, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1961 – Margus Metstak, Estonian basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Wally Joyner, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Arnold Vosloo, South African-American actor
    • 1962 – Anthony Wong, Hong Kong singer
    • 1963 – The Sandman, American wrestler
    • 1964 – Danny Burstein, American actor and singer
    • 1965 – Michael Richard Lynch, Irish computer scientist and entrepreneur; co-founded HP Autonomy
    • 1965 – Richard Madaleno, American politician
    • 1966 – Mark Occhilupo, Australian surfer
    • 1966 – Olivier Roumat, French rugby player
    • 1966 – Phil Vischer, American voice actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, co-created VeggieTales
    • 1966 – Jan Železný, Czech javelin thrower and coach
    • 1967 – Charalambos Andreou, Cypriot footballer
    • 1967 – Jürgen Klopp, German footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Adam Schmitt, American singer-songwriter, musician, and producer
    • 1969 – Shami Chakrabarti, English lawyer and academic
    • 1969 – Mark Crossley, English-Welsh footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Younus AlGohar, Pakistani poet and academic, co-founded Messiah Foundation International
    • 1970 – Clifton Collins Jr., American actor
    • 1970 – Cobi Jones, American soccer player and manager
    • 1970 – Phil Mickelson, American golfer
    • 1971 – Tupac Shakur, American rapper and producer (d. 1996)
    • 1972 – Kiko Loureiro, Brazilian guitarist
    • 1973 – Eddie Cibrian, American actor
    • 1974 – Glenicia James, Saint Lucian cricketer
    • 1975 – Anthony Carter, American basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – Craig Fitzgibbon, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1977 – Duncan Hames, English accountant and politician
    • 1977 – Kerry Wood, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Daniel Brühl, Spanish-German actor
    • 1978 – Dainius Zubrus, Lithuanian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Fish Leong, Malaysian singer
    • 1980 – Brandon Armstrong, American basketball player
    • 1980 – Phil Christophers, German-English rugby player
    • 1980 – Henry Perenara, New Zealand rugby league player and referee
    • 1980 – Martin Stranzl, Austrian footballer
    • 1980 – Joey Yung, Hong Kong singer
    • 1981 – Benjamin Becker, German tennis player
    • 1981 – Kevin Bieksa, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Alexandre Giroux, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Ola Kvernberg, Norwegian violinist
    • 1981 – Miguel Villalta, Peruvian footballer
    • 1982 – May Andersen, Danish model and actress
    • 1982 – Missy Peregrym, Canadian model and actress
    • 1983 – Armend Dallku, Albanian footballer
    • 1984 – Rick Nash, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Dan Ryckert, American writer and entertainer
    • 1984 – Steven Whittaker, Scottish footballer
    • 1986 – Rodrigo Defendi, Brazilian footballer
    • 1986 – Urby Emanuelson, Dutch footballer
    • 1986 – Fernando Muslera, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1987 – Diana DeGarmo, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1987 – Per Ciljan Skjelbred, Norwegian footballer
    • 1987 – Christian Tshimanga Kabeya, Belgian footballer
    • 1988 – Keshia Chante, Canadian singer
    • 1988 – Jermaine Gresham, American football player
    • 1990 – John Newman, English musician, singer, songwriter and record producer
    • 1991 – Joe McElderry, English singer-songwriter
    • 1991 – Siya Kolisi, South African rugby player
    • 1991 – Matt Moylan, Australian rugby league player
    • 1992 – Vladimir Morozov, Russian swimmer
    • 1993 – Park Bo-gum, South Korean actor
    • 1993 – Gnash, American singer, songwriter, rapper, DJ and record producer
    • 1994 – Grete-Lilijane Küppas, Estonian footballer
    • 1994 – Rezar, Albanian professional wrestler
    • 1995 – Euan Aitken, Australian rugby league player
    • 1995 – Joseph Schooling, Singaporean swimmer
    • 1995 – Akira Ioane, New Zealand rugby Union player
    • 2000 – Bianca Andreescu, Canadian tennis player

    Deaths on June 16

    • 840 – Rorgon I, Frankish nobleman (or 839)
    • 924 – Li Cunshen, general of Later Tang (b. 862)
    • 956 – Hugh the Great, Frankish nobleman (b. 898)
    • 1185 – Richeza of Poland, queen of León (b. c. 1140)
    • 1286 – Hugh de Balsham, English bishop
    • 1332 – Adam de Brome, founder of Oriel College, Oxford
    • 1361 – Johannes Tauler, German mystic theologian
    • 1397 – Philip of Artois, Count of Eu, French soldier (b. 1358)
    • 1424 – Johannes Ambundii, archbishop of Riga
    • 1468 – Jean Le Fèvre de Saint-Remy, Burgundian historian and author (b. 1395)
    • 1487 – John de la Pole, 1st Earl of Lincoln (b. c. 1463)
    • 1540 – Konrad von Thüngen, German nobleman (b. c. 1466)
    • 1622 – Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Lord Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1555)
    • 1626 – Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, German Protestant military leader (b. 1599)
    • 1666 – Sir Richard Fanshawe, 1st Baronet, English poet and diplomat, English Ambassador to Spain (b. 1608)
    • 1722 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire (b. 1650)
    • 1743 – Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, eldest daughter of King Louis XIV of France (b. 1673)
    • 1752 – Joseph Butler, English bishop and philosopher (b. 1692)
    • 1762 – Anne Russell, Countess of Jersey (formerly Duchess of Bedford) (b. c.1705)
    • 1777 – Jean-Baptiste-Louis Gresset, French poet and playwright (b. 1709)
    • 1779 – Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet, English lawyer and politician, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (b. 1712)
    • 1804 – Johann Adam Hiller, German composer and conductor (b. 1728)
    • 1824 – Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, French lawyer and politician (b. 1739)
    • 1849 – Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, German theologian and scholar (b. 1780)
    • 1850 – William Lawson, English-Australian explorer and politician (b. 1774)
    • 1858 – John Snow, English epidemiologist and physician (b. 1813)
    • 1862 – Hidenoyama Raigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 9th Yokozuna (b. 1808)
    • 1869 – Charles Sturt, Indian-English botanist and explorer (b. 1795)
    • 1872 – Norman MacLeod, Scottish minister and author (b. 1812)
    • 1878 – Crawford Long, American surgeon and pharmacist (b. 1815)
    • 1878 – Kikuchi Yōsai, Japanese painter (b. 1781)
    • 1881 – Josiah Mason, English businessman and philanthropist (b. 1795)
    • 1885 – Wilhelm Camphausen, German painter and academic (b. 1818)
    • 1886 – Alexander Stuart, Scottish-Australian politician, 9th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1824)
    • 1902 – Ernst Schröder, German mathematician and academic (b. 1841)
    • 1918 – Bazil Assan, Romanian engineer and explorer (b. 1860)
    • 1925 – Chittaranjan Das, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1870)
    • 1929 – Bramwell Booth, English 2nd General of The Salvation Army (b. 1856)
    • 1929 – Vernon Louis Parrington, American historian and scholar (b. 1871)
    • 1930 – Ezra Fitch, American lawyer and businessman, co-founded Abercrombie & Fitch (b. 1866)
    • 1930 – Elmer Ambrose Sperry, American inventor, co-invented the gyrocompass (b. 1860)
    • 1939 – Chick Webb, American drummer and bandleader (b. 1905)
    • 1940 – DuBose Heyward, American author (b. 1885)
    • 1944 – Marc Bloch, French historian and academic (b. 1886)
    • 1945 – Aris Velouchiotis, Greek general (b. 1905)
    • 1946 – Gordon Brewster, Irish cartoonist (b 1889)
    • 1952 – Andrew Lawson, Scottish-American geologist and academic (b. 1861)
    • 1953 – Margaret Bondfield, English politician, Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (b. 1873)
    • 1955 – Ozias Leduc, Canadian painter (b. 1864)
    • 1958 – Pál Maléter, Hungarian general and politician, Minister of Defence of Hungary (b. 1917)
    • 1958 – Imre Nagy, Hungarian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1895)
    • 1959 – George Reeves, American actor and director (b. 1914)
    • 1961 – Marcel Junod, Swiss physician and anesthesiologist (b. 1904)
    • 1967 – Reginald Denny, English actor (b. 1891)
    • 1969 – Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, English field marshal and politician, 17th Governor General of Canada (b. 1891)
    • 1970 – Sydney Chapman, English mathematician and geophysicist (b. 1888)
    • 1970 – Brian Piccolo, American football player (b. 1943)
    • 1971 – John Reith, 1st Baron Reith, Scottish broadcaster, co-founded BBC (b. 1889)
    • 1974 – Amalie Sara Colquhoun, Australian landscape and portrait painter (b. 1894)
    • 1977 – Wernher von Braun, German-American physicist and engineer (b. 1912)
    • 1979 – Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, Ghanaian general and politician, 6th Head of state of Ghana (b. 1931)
    • 1979 – Nicholas Ray, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1911)
    • 1981 – Thomas Playford IV, Australian politician, 33rd Premier of South Australia (b. 1896)
    • 1982 – James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist and songwriter (b. 1956)
    • 1984 – Lew Andreas, American football player and coach (b. 1895)
    • 1984 – Erni Krusten, Estonian author and poet (b. 1900)
    • 1986 – Maurice Duruflé, French organist and composer (b. 1902)
    • 1987 – Marguerite de Angeli, American author and illustrator (b. 1889)
    • 1988 – Miguel Piñero, Puerto Rican-American actor and playwright (b. 1946)
    • 1993 – Lindsay Hassett, Australian cricketer and soldier (b. 1913)
    • 1994 – Kristen Pfaff, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1967)
    • 1996 – Mel Allen, American sportscaster and game show host (b. 1913)
    • 1997 – Dal Stivens, Australian soldier and author (b. 1911)
    • 1998 – Fred Wacker, American race car driver and engineer (b. 1918)
    • 1999 – Screaming Lord Sutch, English singer and activist (b. 1940)
    • 2003 – Pierre Bourgault, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2003 – Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish–Swedish philosopher and author (b. 1916)
    • 2004 – Thanom Kittikachorn, Thai field marshal and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1911)
    • 2004 – Jacques Miquelon, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican-American author and critic (b. 1906)
    • 2008 – Mario Rigoni Stern, Italian soldier and author (b. 1921)
    • 2010 – Marc Bazin, Haitian lawyer and politician, 49th President of Haiti (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Maureen Forrester, Canadian singer and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2010 – Ronald Neame, English director, producer, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1911)
    • 2011 – Östen Mäkitalo, Swedish engineer and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Nils Karlsson, Swedish skier (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Jorge Lankenau, Mexican banker and businessman (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Sławomir Petelicki, Polish general (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Susan Tyrrell, American actress (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Sam Farber, American businessman, co-founded OXO (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Hans Hass, Austrian biologist and diver (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Khondakar Ashraf Hossain, Bangladesh poet and academic (b. 1950)
    • 2013 – Norman Ian MacKenzie, English journalist and author (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Ottmar Walter, German footballer (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Tony Gwynn, American baseball player and coach (b. 1960)
    • 2014 – Cándido Muatetema Rivas (b. 1960), Equatoguinean politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea
    • 2015 – Charles Correa, Indian architect and urban planner (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Jean Vautrin, French director, screenwriter, and critic (b. 1933)
    • 2016 – Jo Cox, English political activist and MP (b. 1974)
    • 2017 – Helmut Kohl, German politician, 6th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1930)
    • 2020 – Eduardo Cojuangco Jr. (b. 1935), Filipino businessman and politician

    Holidays and observances on June 16

    • Juneteenth (United States)
    • Birthday of Leonard P. Howell (Rastafari)
    • Bloomsday (Dublin, Ireland)
    • Christian feast days:
      • Aurelianus of Arles
      • Aureus of Mainz (and his sister Justina)
      • Benno
      • Cettin of Oran
      • Curig of Llanbadarn
      • Ferreolus and Ferrutio
      • George Berkeley and Joseph Butler (Episcopal Church)
      • Lutgardis
      • Quriaqos and Julietta
      • June 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Engineer’s Day (Argentina)
    • Father’s Day (Seychelles)
    • International Day of the African Child (Organisation of African Unity)
    • Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev (Sikhism)
    • Sussex Day (Sussex)
    • Youth Day (South Africa)

  • June 14 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1158 – Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar.
    • 1216 – First Barons’ War: Prince Louis of France captures the city of Winchester and soon conquers over half of the Kingdom of England.
    • 1276 – While taking exile in Fuzhou, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for Emperor Duanzong.
    • 1285 – Second Mongol invasion of Vietnam: Forces led by Prince Trần Quang Khải of the Trần dynasty destroy most of the invading Mongol naval fleet in a battle at Chuong Duong.
    • 1287 – Kublai Khan defeats the force of Nayan and other traditionalist Borjigin princes in East Mongolia and Manchuria.
    • 1381 – Richard II of England meets leaders of Peasants’ Revolt at Mile End. The Tower of London is stormed by rebels who enter without resistance.
    • 1404 – Welsh rebel leader Owain Glyndŵr, having declared himself Prince of Wales, allies himself with the French against King Henry IV of England.
    • 1618 – Joris Veseler prints the first Dutch newspaper Courante uyt Italien, Duytslandt, &c. in Amsterdam (approximate date).
    • 1645 – English Civil War: Battle of Naseby: Twelve thousand Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.
    • 1667 – The Raid on the Medway by the Dutch fleet in the Second Anglo-Dutch War ends. It had lasted for five days and resulted in the worst ever defeat of the Royal Navy.
    • 1690 – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland to confront the former King James II.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
    • 1777 – The Second Continental Congress passes the Flag Act of 1777 adopting the Stars and Stripes as the Flag of the United States.
    • 1789 – Mutiny on the Bounty: HMS Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 7,400 km (4,600 mi) journey in an open boat.
    • 1800 – The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy.
    • 1807 – Emperor Napoleon’s French Grande Armée defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in Poland (modern Russian Kaliningrad Oblast) ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.
    • 1821 – Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, bringing the 300 year old Sudanese kingdom to an end.
    • 1822 – Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society.
    • 1830 – Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers begin their invasion of Algiers, landing 27 kilometers west at Sidi Fredj.
    • 1839 – Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley-on-Thames, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first regatta.
    • 1846 – Bear Flag Revolt begins: Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester: A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
    • 1863 – Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
    • 1872 – Trade unions are legalized in Canada.
    • 1881 – The White Rajahs territories become the British protectorate of Sarawak.
    • 1900 – Hawaii becomes a United States territory.
    • 1900 – The second German Naval Law calls for the Imperial German Navy to be doubled in size.
    • 1907 – The National Association for Women’s Suffrage succeeds in getting Norwegian women the right to vote in parliamentary elections.
    • 1919 – John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from St. John’s, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
    • 1926 – Brazil leaves the League of Nations.
    • 1937 – Pennsylvania becomes the first (and only) state of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.
    • 1937 – U.S. House of Representatives passes the Marihuana Tax Act.
    • 1940 – World War II: The German occupation of Paris begins.
    • 1940 – The Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Lithuania resulting in Lithuanian loss of independence.
    • 1940 – Seven hundred twenty-eight Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first inmates of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
    • 1941 – June deportation: the first major wave of Soviet mass deportations and murder of Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians, begins.
    • 1944 – World War II: After several failed attempts, the British Army abandons Operation Perch, its plan to capture the German-occupied town of Caen.
    • 1945 – World War II: Filipino troops of the Philippine Commonwealth Army liberate the captured in Ilocos Sur and start the Battle of Bessang Pass in Northern Luzon.
    • 1949 – Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rides a V-2 rocket to an altitude of 134 km (83 mi), thereby becoming the first monkey in space.
    • 1951 – UNIVAC I is dedicated by the U.S. Census Bureau.
    • 1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words “under God” into the United States Pledge of Allegiance.
    • 1955 – Chile becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
    • 1959 – Disneyland Monorail System, the first daily operating monorail system in the Western Hemisphere, opens to the public in Anaheim, California.
    • 1959 – Dominican exiles depart from Cuba and land in the Dominican Republic to overthrow the totalitarian government of Rafael Trujillo. All but four are killed or executed.
    • 1962 – The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris – later becoming the European Space Agency.
    • 1966 – The Vatican announces the abolition of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum (“index of prohibited books”), which was originally instituted in 1557.
    • 1967 – Mariner program: Mariner 5 is launched towards Venus.
    • 1982 – Falklands War: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley conditionally surrender to British forces.
    • 1986 – The Mindbender derails and kills three riders at the Fantasyland (known today as Galaxyland) indoor amusement park in Edmonton, Alberta.
    • 1994 – The 1994 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot occurs after the New York Rangers win the Stanley Cup from Vancouver, causing an estimated C$1.1 million, leading to 200 arrests and injuries.
    • 2002 – Near-Earth asteroid 2002 MN misses the Earth by 75,000 miles (121,000 km), about one-third of the distance between the Earth and the Moon.
    • 2014 – A Ukraine military Ilyushin Il-76 airlifter is shot down, killing all 49 people on board.
    • 2017 – London: A fire in a high-rise apartment building in North Kensington leaves 72 people dead and another 74 injured.
    • 2017 – In Alexandria, Virginia, Republican member of Congress and House Majority Whip Steve Scalise of Louisiana is shot while practicing for charity baseball.

    Births on June 14

    • 1444 – Nilakantha Somayaji, Indian astronomer and mathematician (d. 1544)
    • 1463 – Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1514)
    • 1479 – Giglio Gregorio Giraldi, Italian poet and scholar (d. 1552)
    • 1529 – Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (d. 1595)
    • 1627 – Johann Abraham Ihle, German astronomer (d. 1699)
    • 1691 – Jan Francisci, Slovak organist and composer (d. 1758)
    • 1726 – Thomas Pennant, Welsh ornithologist and historian (d. 1798)
    • 1730 – Antonio Sacchini, Italian composer and educator (d. 1786)
    • 1736 – Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, French physicist and engineer (d. 1806)
    • 1763 – Simon Mayr, German composer and educator (d. 1845)
    • 1780 – Henry Salt, English historian and diplomat, British Consul-General in Egypt (d. 1827)
    • 1796 – Nikolai Brashman, Czech-Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1866)
    • 1798 – František Palacký, Czech historian and politician (d. 1876)
    • 1801 – Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader (d. 1868)
    • 1811 – Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author and activist (d. 1896)
    • 1812 – Fernando Wood, American merchant and politician, 73rd Mayor of New York City (d. 1881)
    • 1819 – Henry Gardner, American merchant and politician, 23rd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1892)
    • 1820 – John Bartlett, American author and publisher (d. 1905)
    • 1829 – Bernard Petitjean, French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (d. 1884)
    • 1838 – Yamagata Aritomo, Japanese Field Marshal and politician, 3rd and 9th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1922)
    • 1840 – William F. Nast, American businessman (d. 1893)
    • 1848 – Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and theorist (d. 1923)
    • 1848 – Max Erdmannsdörfer, German conductor and composer (d. 1905)
    • 1855 – Robert M. La Follette, American lawyer and politician, 20th Governor of Wisconsin (d. 1925)
    • 1856 – Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1922)
    • 1862 – John Ulric Nef, Swiss-American chemist and academic (d. 1915)
    • 1864 – Alois Alzheimer, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist (d. 1915)
    • 1868 – Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
    • 1868 – Anna B. Eckstein, German peace activist (d. 1947)
    • 1870 – Sophia of Prussia (d. 1932)
    • 1871 – Hermanus Brockmann, Dutch rower (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Jacob Ellehammer, Danish mechanic and engineer (d. 1946)
    • 1872 – János Szlepecz, Slovene priest and author (d. 1936)
    • 1877 – Jane Bathori, French soprano (d. 1970)
    • 1877 – Ida MacLean, British biochemist, the first woman admitted to the London Chemical Society (d. 1944)
    • 1878 – Léon Thiébaut, French fencer (d. 1943)
    • 1879 – Arthur Duffey, American sprinter and coach (d. 1955)
    • 1884 – John McCormack, Irish tenor and actor (d. 1945)
    • 1884 – Georg Zacharias, German swimmer (d. 1953)
    • 1890 – May Allison, American actress (d. 1989)
    • 1894 – Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1924)
    • 1894 – José Carlos Mariátegui (d. 1930)
    • 1894 – W. W. E. Ross, Canadian geophysicist and poet (d. 1966)
    • 1895 – Jack Adams, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 1968)
    • 1900 – Ruth Nanda Anshen, American writer, editor, and philosopher (d. 2003)
    • 1900 – June Walker, American stage and film actress (d. 1966)
    • 1903 – Alonzo Church, American mathematician and logician (d. 1995)
    • 1903 – Rose Rand, Austrian-American logician and philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1980)
    • 1904 – Margaret Bourke-White, American photographer and journalist (d. 1971)
    • 1905 – Steve Broidy, American businessman (d. 1991)
    • 1905 – Arthur Davis, American animator and director (d. 2000)
    • 1907 – Nicolas Bentley, English author and illustrator (d. 1978)
    • 1907 – René Char, French poet and author (d. 1988)
    • 1909 – Burl Ives, American actor and singer (d. 1995)
    • 1910 – Rudolf Kempe, German pianist and conductor (d. 1976)
    • 1913 – Joe Morris, English-Canadian lieutenant and trade union leader (d. 1996)
    • 1916 – Dorothy McGuire, American actress (d. 2001)
    • 1917 – Lise Nørgaard, Danish journalist, author, and screenwriter
    • 1917 – Gilbert Prouteau, French poet and director (d. 2012)
    • 1917 – Atle Selberg, Norwegian-American mathematician and academic (d. 2007)
    • 1918 – Fred Baur, American chemist and founder of Pringles (d. 2008)
    • 1919 – Gene Barry, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Sam Wanamaker, American actor and director (d. 1993)
    • 1921 – Martha Greenhouse, American actress (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Judith Kerr, German-English author and illustrator (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Green Wix Unthank, American soldier, lawyer, and judge (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – James Black, Scottish pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Pierre Salinger, American journalist and politician, 11th White House Press Secretary (d. 2004)
    • 1926 – Don Newcombe, American baseball player (d. 2019)
    • 1928 – Ernesto “Che” Guevara, Argentinian-Cuban physician, author, guerrilla leader and politician (d. 1967)
    • 1929 – Cy Coleman, American pianist and composer (d. 2004)
    • 1929 – Alan Davidson, Australian cricketer
    • 1929 – Johnny Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1931 – Marla Gibbs, American actress and comedian
    • 1931 – Ross Higgins, Australian actor (d. 2016)
    • 1931 – Junior Walker, American saxophonist (d. 1995)
    • 1933 – Jerzy Kosiński, Polish-American novelist and screenwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1933 – Vladislav Rastorotsky, Russian gymnast and coach
    • 1936 – Renaldo Benson, American singer-songwriter (d. 2005)
    • 1936 – Irmelin Sandman Lilius, Finnish author, poet, and translator
    • 1938 – Julie Felix, American-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2020)
    • 1939 – Steny Hoyer, American lawyer and politician
    • 1939 – Peter Mayle, English author and screenwriter (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – Colin Thubron, English journalist and author
    • 1942 – Jonathan Raban, English author and academic
    • 1942 – Roberto García-Calvo Montiel, Spanish judge (d. 2008)
    • 1943 – Barry Burman, English painter and academic (d. 2001)
    • 1943 – Jennifer Gretton, Baroness Gretton, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire
    • 1943 – John Miles, English racing driver and journalist
    • 1943 – Harold Wheeler, American composer, conductor, and producer
    • 1944 – Laurie Colwin, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1992)
    • 1945 – Rod Argent, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1945 – Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (d. 2012)
    • 1945 – Richard Stebbins, American sprinter and educator
    • 1946 – Robert Louis-Dreyfus, French-Swiss businessman (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Tõnu Sepp, Estonian instrument maker and educator
    • 1946 – Donald Trump, American businessman, television personality and 45th President of the United States
    • 1947 – Roger Liddle, Baron Liddle, English politician
    • 1947 – Barry Melton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1947 – Paul Rudolph, Canadian singer, guitarist, and cyclist
    • 1948 – Laurence Yep, American author and playwright
    • 1949 – Jim Lea, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1949 – Roger Powell, English-Australian scientist and academic
    • 1949 – Antony Sher, South African-British actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Harry Turtledove, American historian and author
    • 1949 – Alan White, English drummer and songwriter
    • 1950 – Rowan Williams, Welsh archbishop and theologian
    • 1951 – Paul Boateng, English lawyer and politician, British High Commissioner to South Africa
    • 1951 – Danny Edwards, American golfer
    • 1952 – Robert Lepikson, Estonian racing driver and politician, Estonian Minister of the Interior (d. 2006)
    • 1952 – Pat Summitt, American basketball player and coach (d. 2016)
    • 1952 – Leon Wieseltier, American philosopher, journalist, and critic
    • 1953 – Janet Mackey, New Zealand lawyer and politician
    • 1954 – Will Patton, American actor
    • 1955 – Michael D. Duvall, American businessman and politician
    • 1955 – Paul O’Grady, English television host, producer, and drag performer
    • 1955 – Kirron Kher, Indian theatre, film & television actress, TV talk show host, politician and Member of Parliament
    • 1956 – Fred Funk, American golfer and coach
    • 1956 – King Diamond (Kim Bendix Petersen), heavy metal musician
    • 1957 – Suzanne Nora Johnson, American lawyer and businesswoman
    • 1957 – Mona Simpson, American novelist
    • 1958 – Pamela Geller, American activist and blogger
    • 1959 – Marcus Miller, American bass player, composer, and producer
    • 1960 – Tonie Campbell, American hurdler
    • 1960 – Mike Laga, American baseball player
    • 1961 – Boy George, English singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1961 – Dušan Kojić, Serbian singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1961 – Sam Perkins, American basketball player
    • 1963 – Grant Kenny, Australian iron man and canoeist
    • 1964 – Peter Gilliver, English lexicographer and academic
    • 1967 – Dedrick Dodge, American football player and coach
    • 1968 – Campbell Brown, American journalist
    • 1968 – Faizon Love, Cuban-American actor and screenwriter
    • 1969 – Éric Desjardins, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1969 – Steffi Graf, German tennis player
    • 1970 – Heather McDonald, American comedian, actress, and author
    • 1971 – Bruce Bowen, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Ramon Vega, Swiss footballer
    • 1972 – Rick Brunson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1972 – Matthias Ettrich, German computer scientist and engineer, founded KDE
    • 1972 – Dominic Brown, English guitarist and songwriter
    • 1972 – Claude Henderson, South African cricketer
    • 1972 – Danny McFarlane, Jamaican hurdler and sprinter
    • 1973 – Sami Kapanen, Finnish-American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1976 – Alan Carr, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Massimo Oddo, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Boeta Dippenaar, South African cricketer
    • 1977 – Chris McAlister, American football player
    • 1977 – Joe Worsley, English rugby player and coach
    • 1978 – Steve Bégin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Diablo Cody, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1978 – Annia Hatch, Cuban-American gymnast and coach
    • 1978 – Nikola Vujčić, Croatian former professional basketball player
    • 1979 – Shannon Hegarty, Australian rugby league player
    • 1981 – Elano, Brazilian footballer and manager
    • 1982 – Jamie Green, English racing driver
    • 1982 – Nicole Irving, Australian swimmer
    • 1982 – Lang Lang, Chinese pianist
    • 1983 – Trevor Barry, Bahamian high jumper
    • 1983 – Louis Garrel, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1984 – Lorenzo Booker, American football player
    • 1984 – Mark Cosgrove, Australian cricketer
    • 1984 – Siobhán Donaghy, English singer-songwriter
    • 1984 – Yury Prilukov, Russian swimmer
    • 1985 – Oleg Medvedev. Russian luger
    • 1985 – Andy Soucek, Spanish racing driver
    • 1986 – Matt Read, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Andrew Cogliano, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Mohamed Diamé, Senegalese footballer
    • 1988 – Adrián Aldrete, Mexican footballer
    • 1988 – Kevin McHale, American actor, singer, dancer and radio personality
    • 1989 – Lucy Hale, American actress and singer-songwriter
    • 1989 – Brad Takairangi, Australian-Cook Islands rugby league player
    • 1990 – Patrice Cormier, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Stephen McLaughlin, Irish footballer
    • 1991 – Kostas Manolas, Greek footballer
    • 1991 – Jesy Nelson, English singer
    • 1992 – Devante Smith-Pelly, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1993 – Gunna, American rapper
    • 1993 – Ryan McCartan, American actor and singer
    • 1999 – Tzuyu, Taiwanese singer

    Deaths on June 14

    • 809 – Ōtomo no Otomaro, Japanese general (b. 731)
    • 847 – Methodius I, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 957 – Guadamir, bishop of Vic (Spain)
    • 976 – Aron, Bulgarian nobleman
    • 1161 – Emperor Qinzong of the Song dynasty (b. 1100)
    • 1205 – Walter III, Count of Brienne
    • 1349 – Günther von Schwarzburg, German king (b. 1304)
    • 1381 – Simon Sudbury, English archbishop (b. 1316)
    • 1497 – Giovanni Borgia, 2nd Duke of Gandía, Italian son of Pope Alexander VI (b. 1474)
    • 1516 – John III of Navarre (b. 1469)
    • 1544 – Antoine, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1489)
    • 1548 – Carpentras, French composer (b. 1470)
    • 1583 – Shibata Katsuie, Japanese samurai (b. 1522)
    • 1594 – Jacob Kroger, German goldsmith, hanged in Edinburgh for stealing the jewels of Anne of Denmark.
    • 1594 – Orlande de Lassus, Flemish composer and educator (b. 1532)
    • 1662 – Henry Vane the Younger, English-American politician, Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1613)
    • 1674 – Marin le Roy de Gomberville, French author and poet (b. 1600)
    • 1679 – Guillaume Courtois, French painter and illustrator (b. 1628)
    • 1746 – Colin Maclaurin, Scottish mathematician (b. 1698)
    • 1794 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English courtier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1718)
    • 1800 – Louis Desaix, French general (b. 1768)
    • 1800 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (b. 1753)
    • 1801 – Benedict Arnold, American general during the American Revolution later turned British spy (b. 1741)
    • 1825 – Pierre Charles L’Enfant, French-American architect and engineer, designed Washington, D.C. (b. 1754)
    • 1837 – Giacomo Leopardi, Italian poet and philosopher (b. 1798)
    • 1864 – Leonidas Polk, American general and bishop (b. 1806)
    • 1887 – Mary Carpenter, English educational and social reformer (b. 1807)
    • 1883 – Edward FitzGerald, English poet and author (b. 1809)
    • 1886 – Alexander Ostrovsky, Russian director and playwright (b. 1823)
    • 1907 – William Le Baron Jenney, American architect and engineer, designed the Home Insurance Building (b. 1832)
    • 1907 – Bartolomé Masó, Cuban soldier and politician (b. 1830)
    • 1908 – Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby, English captain and politician, 6th Governor General of Canada (b. 1841)
    • 1914 – Adlai Stevenson I, American lawyer and politician, 23rd Vice President of the United States (b. 1835)
    • 1916 – João Simões Lopes Neto, Brazilian author (b. 1865)
    • 1920 – Max Weber, German sociologist and economist (b. 1864)
    • 1923 – Isabelle Bogelot, French philanthropist (b. 1838)
    • 1926 – Mary Cassatt, American-French painter (b. 1843)
    • 1927 – Ottavio Bottecchia, Italian cyclist (b. 1894)
    • 1927 – Jerome K. Jerome, English author (b. 1859)
    • 1928 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English activist and academic (b. 1857)
    • 1932 – Dorimène Roy Desjardins, Canadian businesswoman, co-founded Desjardins Group (b. 1858)
    • 1933 – Justinien de Clary, French target shooter (b. 1860)
    • 1936 – G. K. Chesterton, English essayist, poet, playwright, and novelist (b. 1874)
    • 1936 – Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter, and designer, designed the IG Farben Building (b. 1869)
    • 1946 – John Logie Baird, Scottish-English physicist and engineer (b. 1888)
    • 1946 – Jorge Ubico, 21st President of Guatemala (b. 1878)
    • 1953 – Tom Cole, Welsh-American racing driver (b. 1922)
    • 1968 – Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian novelist and poet, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1901)
    • 1972 – Dündar Taşer, Turkish soldier and politician (b. 1925)
    • 1977 – Robert Middleton, American actor (b. 1911)
    • 1977 – Alan Reed, American actor, original voice of Fred Flintstone (b.1907)
    • 1979 – Ahmad Zahir, Afghan singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
    • 1980 – Charles Miller, American saxophonist and flute player (b. 1939)
    • 1986 – Jorge Luis Borges, Argentine short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator (b. 1899)
    • 1986 – Alan Jay Lerner, American composer and songwriter (b. 1918)
    • 1987 – Stanisław Bareja, Polish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 1990 – Erna Berger, German soprano and actress (b. 1900)
    • 1991 – Peggy Ashcroft, English actress (b. 1907)
    • 1994 – Lionel Grigson, English pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1942)
    • 1994 – Henry Mancini, American composer and conductor (b. 1924)
    • 1994 – Marcel Mouloudji, French singer and actor (b. 1922)
    • 1995 – Els Aarne, Ukrainian-Estonian pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1917)
    • 1995 – Rory Gallagher, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1949)
    • 1995 – Roger Zelazny, American author and poet (b. 1937)
    • 1996 – Noemí Gerstein, Argentinian sculptor and illustrator (b. 1908)
    • 1997 – Richard Jaeckel, American actor (b. 1926)
    • 1999 – Bernie Faloney, American-Canadian football player and sportscaster (b. 1932)
    • 2000 – Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and author (b. 1911)
    • 2002 – June Jordan, American author and activist (b. 1936)
    • 2003 – Dale Whittington, American race car driver (b. 1959)
    • 2004 – Ulrich Inderbinen, Swiss mountaineer and guide (b. 1900)
    • 2005 – Carlo Maria Giulini, Italian conductor and director (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Mimi Parent, Canadian-Swiss painter (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Monty Berman, English director, producer, and cinematographer (b. 1905)
    • 2006 – Jean Roba, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – Ruth Graham, Chinese-American author, poet, and painter (b. 1920)
    • 2007 – Robin Olds, American general and pilot (b. 1922)
    • 2007 – Kurt Waldheim, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Austrian politician, 9th President of Austria (b. 1918)
    • 2009 – Bob Bogle, American musician (The Ventures) (b. 1934)
    • 2009 – William McIntyre, Canadian soldier, lawyer, and judge (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Peter Archer, Baron Archer of Sandwell, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Bob Chappuis, American football player and soldier (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Margie Hyams, American pianist and vibraphone player (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Karl-Heinz Kämmerling, German pianist and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Carlos Reichenbach, Brazilian director and producer (b. 1945)
    • 2012 – Gitta Sereny, Austrian-English historian, journalist, and author (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Elroy Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Alberto Cañas Escalante, Costa Rican journalist and politician (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Isabelle Collin Dufresne, French actress (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Robert Lebeck, German photographer and journalist (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – James E. Rogers, American lawyer, businessman, and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2015 – Richard Cotton, Australian geneticist and academic (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Anne Nicol Gaylor, American activist, co-founded the Freedom From Religion Foundation (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Qiao Shi, Chinese politician (b. 1924)
    • 2016 – Ann Morgan Guilbert, American actress and singer (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Gilles Lamontagne, Canadian politician, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1919)
    • 2020 – Sushant Singh Rajput, Indian film actor (b. 1986)

    Holidays and observances on June 14

    • Christian feast day:
      • Burchard of Meissen
      • Caomhán of Inisheer
      • Elisha (Roman Catholic and Lutheran)
      • Fortunatus of Naples (Roman Catholic)
      • Blessed Francisca de Paula de Jesus (Nhá Chica)
      • Joseph the Hymnographer (Roman Catholic: Orthodox April 3)
      • Methodios I of Constantinople
      • Quintian of Rodez (Rodez)
      • Richard Baxter (Church of England)
      • Valerius and Rufinus
      • June 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Commemoration of the Soviet Deportation related observances:
      • Baltic Freedom Day (United States)
      • Mourning and Commemoration Day or Leinapäev (Estonia)
      • Mourning and Hope Day (Lithuania)
    • Day of Memory for Repressed People (Armenia)
    • Flag Day (United States)
    • Freedom Day (Malawi)
    • Liberation Day (Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands)
    • World Blood Donor Day
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    May 31- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
    • 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat Kievan Rus’ and Cumans.
    • 1293 – Mongol invasion of Java was a punitive expedition against King Kertanegara of Singhasari, who had refused to pay tribute to the Yuan and maimed one of its ministers. However, it ended with failure for the Mongols. Regarded as establish City of Surabaya
    • 1578 – King Henry III lays the first stone of the Pont Neuf (New Bridge), the oldest bridge of Paris, France.
    • 1669 – Citing poor eyesight as a reason, Samuel Pepys records the last event in his diary.
    • 1775 – American Revolution: The Mecklenburg Resolves are adopted in the Province of North Carolina.
    • 1790 – Manuel Quimper explores the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
    • 1790 – The United States enacts its first copyright statute, the Copyright Act of 1790.
    • 1795 – French Revolution: The Revolutionary Tribunal is suppressed.
    • 1805 – French and Spanish forces begin the assault against British forces occupying Diamond Rock.
    • 1813 – In Australia, William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth reach Mount Blaxland, effectively marking the end of a route across the Blue Mountains.
    • 1859 – The clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, which houses Big Ben, starts keeping time.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Peninsula Campaign: Confederate forces under Joseph E. Johnston and G.W. Smith engage Union forces under George B. McClellan outside Richmond, Virginia.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: The Army of Northern Virginia engages the Army of the Potomac.
    • 1879 – Gilmore’s Garden in New York City is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Henry Vanderbilt and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
    • 1884 – The arrival at Plymouth of Tāwhiao, King of Maoris, to claim the protection of Queen Victoria.
    • 1889 – Johnstown Flood: Over 2,200 people die after a dam fails and sends a 60-foot (18-meter) wall of water over the town of Johnstown, Pennsylvania.
    • 1902 – Second Boer War: The Treaty of Vereeniging ends the war and ensures British control of South Africa.
    • 1909 – The National Negro Committee, forerunner to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), convenes for the first time.
    • 1910 – The South Africa Act comes into force, establishing the Union of South Africa.
    • 1911 – The RMS Titanic is launched in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
    • 1911 – The President of Mexico Porfirio Díaz flees the country during the Mexican Revolution.
    • 1916 – World War I: Battle of Jutland: The British Grand Fleet engages the High Seas Fleet in the largest naval battle of the war, which proves indecisive.
    • 1921 – The Tulsa race massacre kills at least 39, but other estimates of black fatalities vary from 55 to about 300.
    • 1935 – A 7.7 Mw  earthquake destroys Quetta in modern-day Pakistan killing 40,000.
    • 1941 – Anglo-Iraqi War: The United Kingdom completes the re-occupation of Iraq and returns ‘Abd al-Ilah to power as regent for Faisal II.
    • 1942 – World War II: Imperial Japanese Navy midget submarines begin a series of attacks on Sydney, Australia.
    • 1947 – Ferenc Nagy, the democratically elected Prime Minister of Hungary, resigns from office after blackmail from the Hungarian Communist Party accusing him of being part of a plot against the state. This grants the Communists effective control of the Hungarian government.
    • 1961 – The South African Constitution of 1961 becomes effective, thus creating the Republic of South Africa, which remains outside the Commonwealth of Nations until 1 June 1994, when South Africa is returned to Commonwealth membership.
    • 1961 – In Moscow City Court, the Rokotov–Faibishenko show trial begins, despite the Khrushchev Thaw to reverse Stalinist elements in Soviet society.
    • 1962 – The West Indies Federation dissolves.
    • 1970 – The 7.9 Mw  Ancash earthquake shakes Peru with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) and a landslide buries the town of Yungay, Peru. Between 66,794–70,000 were killed and 50,000 were injured.
    • 1971 – In accordance with the Uniform Monday Holiday Act passed by the U.S. Congress in 1968, observation of Memorial Day occurs on the last Monday in May for the first time, rather than on the traditional Memorial Day of May 30.
    • 1973 – The United States Senate votes to cut off funding for the bombing of Khmer Rouge targets within Cambodia, hastening the end of the Cambodian Civil War.
    • 1977 – The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System is completed.
    • 1985 – United States–Canada tornado outbreak: Forty-one tornadoes hit Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Ontario, leaving 76 dead.
    • 1991 – Bicesse Accords in Angola lay out a transition to multi-party democracy under the supervision of the United Nations’ UNAVEM II mission.
    • 2005 – Vanity Fair reveals that Mark Felt was “Deep Throat”.
    • 2008 – Usain Bolt breaks the world record in the 100m sprint, with a wind-legal (+1.7 m/s) 9.72 seconds
    • 2010 – Israeli Shayetet 13 commandos boarded the Gaza Freedom Flotilla while still in international waters trying to break the ongoing blockade of the Gaza Strip; nine Turkish citizens on the flotilla were killed in the ensuing violent affray.
    • 2013 – The asteroid 1998 QE2 and its moon make their closest approach to Earth for the next two centuries.
    • 2013 – A record breaking 2.6 mile wide tornado strikes El Reno, Oklahoma, United States, causing eight fatalities and over 150 injuries.
    • 2017 – A car bomb explodes in a crowded intersection in Kabul near the German embassy during rush hour, killing over 90 and injuring 463.
    • 2017 – U.S. President Donald Trump tweets the word “covfefe” and quickly becomes a worldwide viral phenomenon.
    • 2019 – A shooting occurs inside a municipal building at Virginia Beach, Virginia, leaving 13 people dead, including the shooter, and four others injured.

    Births on May 31

    • 1443 (or 1441) – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby (d. 1509)
    • 1462 – Philipp II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1504)
    • 1469 – Manuel I of Portugal (d. 1521)
    • 1535 – Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (d. 1607)
    • 1556 – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Catholic cardinal (d. 1600)
    • 1577 – Nur Jahan, Empress consort of the Mughal Empire (d. 1645)
    • 1613 – John George II, Elector of Saxony (d. 1680)
    • 1640 – Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King of Poland (d. 1673)
    • 1641 – Patriarch Dositheos II of Jerusalem (d. 1707)
    • 1725 – Ahilyabai Holkar, Queen of the Malwa Kingdom under the Maratha Empire (d. 1795)
    • 1732 – Count Hieronymus von Colloredo, Austrian archbishop (d. 1812)
    • 1753 – Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud, French lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
    • 1754 – Andrea Appiani, Italian painter and educator (d. 1817)
    • 1773 – Ludwig Tieck, German poet, author, and critic (d. 1853)
    • 1801 – Johann Georg Baiter, Swiss philologist and scholar (d. 1887)
    • 1815 – Adye Douglas, English-Australian cricketer and politician, 15th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1906)
    • 1818 – John Albion Andrew, American lawyer and politician, 25th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1867)
    • 1819 – Walt Whitman, American poet, essayist, and journalist (d. 1892)
    • 1827 – Kusumoto Ine, first Japanese female doctor of Western medicine (d. 1903)
    • 1835 – Hijikata Toshizō, Japanese commander (d. 1869)
    • 1838 – Henry Sidgwick, English economist and philosopher (d. 1900)
    • 1842 – John Cox Bray, Australian politician, 15th Premier of South Australia (d. 1894)
    • 1847 – William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie, Canadian-Irish businessman and politician, Lord Mayor of Belfast (d. 1924)
    • 1852 – Francisco Moreno, Argentinian explorer and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1852 – Julius Richard Petri, German microbiologist, invented the Petri dish (d. 1921)
    • 1857 – Pope Pius XI (d. 1939)
    • 1858 – Graham Wallas, English socialist, social psychologist, and educationalist (d. 1932)
    • 1860 – Walter Sickert, English painter (d. 1942)
    • 1863 – Francis Younghusband, Indian-English captain and explorer (d. 1942)
    • 1866 – John Ringling, American entrepreneur; one of the founders of the Ringling Brothers Circus (d. 1936)
    • 1875 – Rosa May Billinghurst, British suffragette and women’s rights activist (d.1953)
    • 1879 – Frances Alda, New Zealand-Australian soprano (d. 1952)
    • 1882 – Sándor Festetics, Hungarian politician, Hungarian Minister of War (d. 1956)
    • 1883 – Lauri Kristian Relander, Finnish politician, 2nd President of Finland (d. 1942)
    • 1885 – Robert Richards, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of South Australia (d. 1967)
    • 1887 – Saint-John Perse, French poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
    • 1892 – Michel Kikoine, Belarusian-French painter (d. 1968)
    • 1892 – Erich Neumann, German lieutenant and politician (d. 1951)
    • 1892 – Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian poet and author (d. 1968)
    • 1892 – Gregor Strasser, German lieutenant and politician (d. 1934)
    • 1894 – Fred Allen, American comedian, radio host, game show panelist, and author (d. 1956)
    • 1898 – Norman Vincent Peale, American minister and author (d. 1993)
    • 1900 – Lucile Godbold, American Olympic athlete (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Alfredo Antonini, Italian-American conductor and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1908 – Don Ameche, American actor (d. 1993)
    • 1909 – Art Coulter, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2000)
    • 1911 – Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
    • 1912 – Chien-Shiung Wu, Chinese-American experimental physicist (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Akira Ifukube, Japanese composer and educator (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Bert Haanstra, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1997)
    • 1918 – Robert Osterloh, American actor (d. 2001)
    • 1918 – Lloyd Quarterman, African American chemist (d. 1982)
    • 1919 – Robie Macauley, American editor, novelist and critic (d. 1995)
    • 1921 – Edna Doré, English actress (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Andrew Grima, Anglo-Italian jewellery designer (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – Howard Reig, American radio and television announcer (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Alida Valli, Austrian-Italian actress and singer (d. 2006)
    • 1922 – Denholm Elliott, English-Spanish actor (d. 1992)
    • 1923 – Ellsworth Kelly, American painter and sculptor (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
    • 1925 – Julian Beck, American actor and director (d. 1986)
    • 1927 – James Eberle, English admiral (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Michael Sandberg, Baron Sandberg, English lieutenant and banker (d. 2017)
    • 1928 – Pankaj Roy, Indian cricketer (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Menahem Golan, Israeli director and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Clint Eastwood, American actor, director, musician, and producer
    • 1931 – John Robert Schrieffer, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Shirley Verrett, American soprano and actress (d. 2010)
    • 1932 – Ed Lincoln, Brazilian pianist, bassist, and composer (d. 2012)
    • 1932 – Jay Miner, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 1994)
    • 1933 – Henry B. Eyring, American religious leader, educator, and author
    • 1934 – Jim Hutton, American actor (d. 1979)
    • 1935 – Jim Bolger, New Zealand businessman and politician, 35th Prime Minister of New Zealand
    • 1938 – Johnny Paycheck, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2003)
    • 1938 – John Prescott, British sailor and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    • 1938 – Peter Yarrow, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1939 – Terry Waite, English humanitarian and author
    • 1940 – Anatoliy Bondarchuk, Ukrainian hammer thrower and coach
    • 1940 – Augie Meyers, American musician and singer-songwriter
    • 1940 – Gilbert Shelton, American illustrator
    • 1941 – June Clark, Welsh nurse and educator
    • 1941 – Louis Ignarro, American pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – William Nordhaus, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1943 – Sharon Gless, American actress
    • 1943 – Joe Namath, American football player, sportscaster, and actor
    • 1945 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1982)
    • 1945 – Laurent Gbagbo, Ivorian academic and politician, 4th President of Côte d’Ivoire
    • 1945 – Bernard Goldberg, American journalist and author
    • 1946 – Ted Baehr, American publisher and critic
    • 1946 – Steve Bucknor, Jamaican cricketer and umpire
    • 1946 – Krista Kilvet, Estonian journalist, politician, and diplomat (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Debbie Moore, English model and businesswoman
    • 1947 – Junior Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1947 – Gabriele Hinzmann, German discus thrower
    • 1948 – Svetlana Alexievich, Belarusian journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1948 – John Bonham, English musician, songwriter and drummer (d. 1980)
    • 1948 – Martin Hannett, English bass player, guitarist, and record producer (d. 1991)
    • 1948 – Duncan Hunter, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician
    • 1949 – Tom Berenger, American actor, film producer and television writer
    • 1950 – Jean Chalopin, French director, producer, and screenwriter, founded DIC Entertainment
    • 1950 – Gregory Harrison, American actor
    • 1950 – Edgar Savisaar, Estonian politician, Estonian Minister of the Interior
    • 1951 – Karl-Hans Riehm, German hammer thrower
    • 1952 – Karl Bartos, German singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1953 – Pirkka-Pekka Petelius, Finnish actor and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Thomas Mavros, Greek footballer
    • 1954 – Vicki Sue Robinson, American actress and singer (d. 2000)
    • 1955 – Tommy Emmanuel, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1955 – Susie Essman, American actress, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Fritz Hilpert, German drummer and composer
    • 1956 – John Young, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1957 – Jim Craig, American ice hockey player
    • 1959 – Andrea de Cesaris, Italian racing driver (d. 2014)
    • 1959 – Phil Wilson, English politician
    • 1960 – Greg Adams, Canadian ice hockey player and businessman
    • 1960 – Chris Elliott, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Peter Winterbottom, English rugby player
    • 1961 – Ray Cote, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1961 – Justin Madden, Australian footballer and politician
    • 1961 – Lea Thompson, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1962 – Corey Hart, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1963 – David Leigh, holder of the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry at the University of Manchester
    • 1963 – Viktor Orbán, Hungarian politician, 38th Prime Minister of Hungary
    • 1963 – Wesley Willis, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2003)
    • 1964 – Leonard Asper, Canadian lawyer and businessman
    • 1964 – Stéphane Caristan, French hurdler and coach
    • 1964 – Yukio Edano, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs
    • 1964 – Darryl “D.M.C.” McDaniels, American rapper and producer
    • 1965 – Brooke Shields, American model, actress, and producer
    • 1966 – Roshan Mahanama, Sri Lankan cricketer and referee
    • 1967 – Phil Keoghan, New Zealand television host and producer
    • 1967 – Kenny Lofton, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Arun Luthra, Indo-Anglo-American saxophonist, konnakol artist, composer, and arranger
    • 1972 – Christian McBride, American bassist and record producer
    • 1972 – Archie Panjabi, Indo-British actress
    • 1972 – Frode Estil, Norwegian skier
    • 1972 – Antti Niemi, Finnish international footballer, goalkeeper and coach
    • 1972 – Dave Roberts, American baseball player and coach
    • 1974 – Hiroiki Ariyoshi, Japanese comedian and singer
    • 1974 – Chad Campbell, American golfer
    • 1975 – Mac Suzuki, Japanese baseball player
    • 1976 – Colin Farrell, Irish actor
    • 1976 – Matt Harpring, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Theodoros Baev, Bulgarian-Greek volleyball player
    • 1977 – Domenico Fioravanti, Italian swimmer
    • 1977 – Eric Christian Olsen, American actor
    • 1977 – Moses Sichone, Zambian footballer
    • 1977 – Petr Tenkrát, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1979 – Jean-François Gillet, Belgian footballer
    • 1981 – Mikael Antonsson, Swedish footballer
    • 1981 – Daniele Bonera, Italian footballer
    • 1981 – Jake Peavy, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Marlies Schild, Austrian skier
    • 1984 – Andrew Bailey, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Milorad Čavić, Serbian swimmer
    • 1984 – Nate Robinson, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Jordy Nelson, American football player
    • 1986 – Robert Gesink, Dutch cyclist
    • 1989 – Marco Reus, German footballer
    • 1990 – Erik Karlsson, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Michaël Bournival, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Laura Ikauniece, Latvian heptathlete
    • 1996 – Normani Korde, American singer
    • 1998 – Santino Ferrucci, American race car driver

    Deaths on May 31

    • 455 – Petronius Maximus, Roman emperor (b. 396)
    • 930 – Liu Hua, princess of Southern Han (b. 896)
    • 960 – Fujiwara no Morosuke, Japanese statesman (b. 909)
    • 1076 – Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, English politician (b. 1050)
    • 1089 – Sigwin von Are, archbishop of Cologne
    • 1162 – Géza II, king of Hungary (b. 1130)
    • 1321 – Birger, king of Sweden (b. 1280)
    • 1326 – Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley (b. 1271)
    • 1329 – Albertino Mussato, Italian statesman and writer (b. 1261)
    • 1349 – Thomas Wake, English politician (b. 1297)
    • 1370 – Vitalis of Assisi, Italian hermit and monk (b. 1295)
    • 1408 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1358)
    • 1410 – Martin of Aragon, Spanish king (b. 1356)
    • 1504 – Engelbert II of Nassau (b. 1451)
    • 1558 – Philip Hoby, English general and diplomat (b. 1505)
    • 1567 – Guido de Bres, Belgian pastor and theologian (b. 1522)
    • 1594 – Tintoretto, Italian painter and educator (b. 1518)
    • 1601 – Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne (b. 1547)
    • 1640 – Zeynab Begum, Safavid princess (date of birth unknown)
    • 1665 – Pieter Jansz. Saenredam, Dutch painter (b. 1597)
    • 1680 – Joachim Neander, German theologian and educator (b. 1650)
    • 1740 – Frederick William I of Prussia (b. 1688)
    • 1747 – Andrey Osterman, German-Russian politician, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1686)
    • 1809 – Joseph Haydn, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1732)
    • 1809 – Jean Lannes, French general (b. 1769)
    • 1831 – Samuel Bentham, English architect and engineer (b. 1757)
    • 1832 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician and theorist (b. 1811)
    • 1837 – Joseph Grimaldi, English actor, comedian and dancer, (b. 1779)
    • 1846 – Philip Marheineke, German pastor and philosopher (b. 1780)
    • 1847 – Thomas Chalmers, Scottish minister and economist (b. 1780)
    • 1848 – Eugénie de Guérin, French author (b. 1805)
    • 1899 – Stefanos Koumanoudis, Greek archaeologist, teacher and writer (b. 1818)
    • 1908 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian author, poet, and politician (b. 1839)
    • 1909 – Thomas Price, Welsh-Australian politician, 24th Premier of South Australia (b. 1852)
    • 1910 – Elizabeth Blackwell, English-American physician and educator (b. 1821)
    • 1931 – Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau, Canadian cardinal (b. 1866)
    • 1931 – Willy Stöwer, German author and illustrator (b. 1864)
    • 1945 – Odilo Globocnik, Italian-Austrian SS officer (b. 1904)
    • 1954 – Antonis Benakis, Greek art collector and philanthropist, founded the Benaki Museum (b. 1873)
    • 1957 – Stefanos Sarafis, Greek general and politician (b. 1890)
    • 1957 – Leopold Staff, Polish poet and academic (b. 1878)
    • 1960 – Willem Elsschot, Flemish author and poet (b. 1882)
    • 1960 – Walther Funk, German economist, journalist, and politician, German Minister of Economics (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – Henry F. Ashurst, American lawyer and politician (b. 1874)
    • 1967 – Billy Strayhorn, American pianist and composer (b. 1915)
    • 1970 – Terry Sawchuk, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1929)
    • 1976 – Jacques Monod, French biologist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
    • 1977 – William Castle, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1914)
    • 1978 – József Bozsik, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1925)
    • 1981 – Barbara Ward, Baroness Jackson of Lodsworth, English economist and journalist (b. 1914)
    • 1982 – Carlo Mauri, Italian mountaineer and explorer (b. 1930)
    • 1983 – Jack Dempsey, American boxer and lieutenant (b. 1895)
    • 1985 – Gaston Rébuffat, French mountaineer and author (b. 1921)
    • 1986 – Jane Frank, American painter and sculptor (b. 1918)
    • 1986 – James Rainwater, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 1987 – John Abraham, Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
    • 1989 – Owen Lattimore, American author and academic (b. 1900)
    • 1989 – C. L. R. James, Trinidadian journalist and historian (b. 1901)
    • 1993 – Honey Tree Evil Eye, or, Spud Mackenzie, a Bull Terrier, dies of kidney failure.
    • 1994 – Uzay Heparı, Turkish actor, producer, and composer (b. 1969)
    • 1994 – Herva Nelli, Italian-American soprano (b. 1909)
    • 1995 – Stanley Elkin, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1930)
    • 1996 – Timothy Leary, American psychologist and author (b. 1920)
    • 1998 – Charles Van Acker, Belgian-American race car driver (b. 1912)
    • 2000 – Petar Mladenov, Bulgarian diplomat, 1st President of Bulgaria (b. 1936)
    • 2000 – Tito Puente, American jazz musician (b. 1923)
    • 2000 – A. Jeyaratnam Wilson, Sri Lankan historian, author, and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2001 – Arlene Francis, American actress, talk show host, game show panelist, and television personality (b. 1907)
    • 2002 – Subhash Gupte, Indian cricketer (b. 1929)
    • 2004 – Aiyathurai Nadesan, Sri Lankan journalist (b. 1954)
    • 2004 – Robert Quine, American guitarist (b. 1941)
    • 2004 – Étienne Roda-Gil, French screenwriter and composer (b. 1941)
    • 2006 – Miguel Ortiz Berrocal, Spanish sculptor (b. 1933)
    • 2006 – Raymond Davis, Jr., American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – Danny La Rue, Irish-British drag queen performer and singer (b. 1927)
    • 2009 – George Tiller, American physician (b. 1941)
    • 2010 – Louise Bourgeois, French-American sculptor and painter (b. 1911)
    • 2010 – Brian Duffy, English photographer and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2010 – William A. Fraker, American director, producer, and cinematographer (b. 1923)
    • 2010 – Rubén Juárez, Argentinian singer-songwriter and bandoneón player (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Merata Mita, New Zealand director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
    • 2011 – Pauline Betz, American tennis player (b. 1919)
    • 2011 – Jonas Bevacqua, American fashion designer, co-founded the Lifted Research Group (b. 1977)
    • 2011 – Derek Hodge, Virgin Islander lawyer and politician, Lieutenant Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (b. 1941)
    • 2011 – Hans Keilson, German-Dutch psychoanalyst and author (b. 1909)
    • 2011 – John Martin, English admiral and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (b. 1918)
    • 2011 – Andy Robustelli, American football player and manager (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Christopher Challis, English cinematographer (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Randall B. Kester, American lawyer and judge (b. 1916)
    • 2012 – Paul Pietsch, German racing driver and publisher (b. 1911)
    • 2012 – Orlando Woolridge, American basketball player and coach (b. 1959)
    • 2013 – Gerald E. Brown, American physicist and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Frederic Lindsay, Scottish author and educator (b. 1933)
    • 2013 – Miguel Méndez, American author and poet (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Tim Samaras, American engineer and storm chaser (b. 1957)
    • 2013 – Jairo Mora Sandoval, Costa Rican environmentalist (b. 1987)
    • 2013 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Marilyn Beck, American journalist (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Marinho Chagas, Brazilian footballer and coach (b. 1952)
    • 2014 – Hoss Ellington, American race car driver (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Martha Hyer, American actress (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Lewis Katz, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1942)
    • 2014 – Mary Soames, Baroness Soames, English author (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Gladys Taylor, Canadian author and publisher (b. 1917)
    • 2016 – Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–2016) (b. 1947)
    • 2016 – Jan Crouch, American televangelist, co-founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (b. 1938)
    • 2016 – Carla Lane, English television writer (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Rupert Neudeck, German journalist and humanitarian (b. 1939)

    Holidays and observances on May 31

    • Anniversary of Royal Brunei Malay Regiment (Brunei)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Camilla Battista da Varano
      • Hermias
      • Petronella
      • Visitation of Mary (Western Christianity)
      • May 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • The beginning of Gawai Dayak (Dayaks in Sarawak, Malaysia and West Kalimantan, Indonesia)
    • World No Tobacco Day (International)

  • May 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens.At least 600 Jews are killed.
    • 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death.
    • 1153 – Malcolm IV becomes King of Scotland.
    • 1199 – John is crowned King of England.
    • 1257 – Richard of Cornwall, and his wife, Sanchia of Provence, are crowned King and Queen of the Germans at Aachen Cathedral.
    • 1644 – Manchu regent Dorgon defeats rebel leader Li Zicheng of the Shun dynasty at the Battle of Shanhai Pass, allowing the Manchus to enter and conquer the capital city of Beijing.
    • 1703 – Tsar Peter the Great founds the city of Saint Petersburg.
    • 1798 – The Battle of Oulart Hill takes place in Wexford, Ireland; Irish rebel leaders defeat and kill a detachment of militia.
    • 1799 – War of the Second Coalition: Austrian forces defeat the French at Winterthur, Switzerland.
    • 1813 – War of 1812: In Canada, American forces capture Fort George.
    • 1860 – Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian unification.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: First Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson.
    • 1874 – The first group of Dorsland trekkers under the leadership of Gert Alberts leaves Pretoria.
    • 1883 – Alexander III is crowned Tsar of Russia.
    • 1896 – The F4-strength St. Louis–East St. Louis tornado hits in St. Louis, Missouri, and East St. Louis, Illinois, killing at least 255 people and causing over $10–million in damage.
    • 1905 – Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Tsushima begins.
    • 1917 – Pope Benedict XV promulgates the 1917 Code of Canon Law, the first comprehensive codification of Catholic canon law in the legal history of the Catholic Church.
    • 1919 – The NC-4 aircraft arrives in Lisbon after completing the first transatlantic flight.
    • 1927 – The Ford Motor Company ceases manufacture of the Ford Model T and begins to retool plants to make the Ford Model A.
    • 1930 – The 1,046 feet (319 m) Chrysler Building in New York City, the tallest man-made structure at the time, opens to the public.
    • 1933 – New Deal: The U.S. Federal Securities Act is signed into law requiring the registration of securities with the Federal Trade Commission.
    • 1933 – The Walt Disney Company releases the cartoon Three Little Pigs, with its hit song “Who’s Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?”
    • 1935 – New Deal: The Supreme Court of the United States declares the National Industrial Recovery Act to be unconstitutional in A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, (295 U.S. 495).
    • 1937 – In California, the Golden Gate Bridge opens to pedestrian traffic, creating a vital link between San Francisco and Marin County, California.
    • 1940 – World War II: In the Le Paradis massacre, 99 soldiers from a Royal Norfolk Regiment unit are shot after surrendering to German troops; two survive.
    • 1941 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt proclaims an “unlimited national emergency”.
    • 1941 – World War II: The German battleship Bismarck is sunk in the North Atlantic killing almost 2,100 men.
    • 1942 – World War II: In Operation Anthropoid, Reinhard Heydrich is fatally wounded in Prague; he dies of his injuries eight days later.
    • 1958 – First flight of the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II.
    • 1960 – In Turkey, a military coup removes President Celâl Bayar and the rest of the democratic government from office.
    • 1962 – The Centralia mine fire is ignited in the town’s landfill above a coal mine.
    • 1965 – Vietnam War: American warships begin the first bombardment of National Liberation Front targets within South Vietnam.
    • 1967 – Australians vote in favor of a constitutional referendum granting the Australian government the power to make laws to benefit Indigenous Australians and to count them in the national census.
    • 1967 – The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy is launched by Jacqueline Kennedy and her daughter Caroline.
    • 1971 – The Dahlerau train disaster, the worst railway accident in West Germany, kills 46 people and injures 25 near Wuppertal.
    • 1971 – Pakistani forces massacre over 200 civilians, mostly Bengali Hindus, in the Bagbati massacre.
    • 1975 – Dibbles Bridge coach crash near Grassington, in North Yorkshire, England, kills 33 – the highest ever death toll in a road accident in the United Kingdom.
    • 1980 – The Gwangju Massacre: Airborne and army troops of South Korea retake the city of Gwangju from civil militias, killing at least 207 and possibly many more.
    • 1984 – The Danube-Black Sea canal is opened, in a ceremony attended by the Ceaușescus. It had been under construction since the 1950s.
    • 1996 – First Chechen War: the Russian President Boris Yeltsin meets with Chechnyan rebels for the first time and negotiates a cease-fire.
    • 1997 – The 1997 Central Texas tornado outbreak occurs, spawning multiple tornadoes in Central Texas, including the F5 that killed 27 in Jarrell.
    • 1998 – Oklahoma City bombing: Michael Fortier is sentenced to 12 years in prison and fined $200,000 for failing to warn authorities about the terrorist plot.
    • 2001 – Members of the Islamist separatist group Abu Sayyaf seize twenty hostages from an affluent island resort on Palawan in the Philippines; the hostage crisis would not be resolved until June 2002.
    • 2006 – The 6.4 Mw  Yogyakarta earthquake shakes central Java with an MSK intensity of VIII (Damaging), leaving more than 5,700 dead and 37,000 injured.
    • 2016 – Barack Obama is the first president of United States to visit Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and meet Hibakusha.
    • 2017 – Andrew Scheer takes over after Rona Ambrose as the leader of the Conservative Party of Canada.
    • 2018 – Maryland Flood Event: A flood occurs throughout the Patapsco Valley causing one death and destroying the entire first floors of buildings on Main Street in Ellicott City and causing cars to overturn.

    Births on May 27

    • 742 – Emperor Dezong of Tang (d. 805)
    • 1332 – Ibn Khaldun, Tunisian historian and theologian (d. 1406)
    • 1378 – Zhu Quan, Chinese military commander, historian and playwright (d. 1448)
    • 1519 – Girolamo Mei, Italian historian and theorist (d. 1594)
    • 1537 – Louis IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Marburg (d. 1604)
    • 1576 – Caspar Schoppe, German author and scholar (d. 1649)
    • 1584 – Michael Altenburg, German theologian and composer (d. 1640)
    • 1601 – Antoine Daniel, French-Canadian missionary and saint (d. 1648)
    • 1626 – William II, Prince of Orange (d. 1650)
    • 1627 – Anne Marie Louise d’Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier (d. 1693)
    • 1651 – Louis Antoine de Noailles, French cardinal (d. 1729)
    • 1652 – Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine of Germany (d. 1722)
    • 1738 – Nathaniel Gorham, American merchant and politician, 14th President of the Continental Congress (d. 1796)
    • 1756 – Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria (d. 1825)
    • 1774 – Francis Beaufort, Irish hydrographer and officer in the Royal Navy (d. 1857)
    • 1794 – Cornelius Vanderbilt, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1877)
    • 1814 – John Rudolph Niernsee, Viennese-born American architect (d.1885)
    • 1815 – Henry Parkes, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1896)
    • 1818 – Amelia Bloomer, American journalist and activist (d. 1894)
    • 1819 – Julia Ward Howe, American poet and songwriter (d. 1910)
    • 1827 – Samuel F. Miller, American lawyer and politician (d. 1892)
    • 1832 – Zenas Ferry Moody, American surveyor and politician, 7th Governor of Oregon (d. 1917)
    • 1836 – Jay Gould, American businessman and financier (d. 1892)
    • 1837 – Wild Bill Hickok, American police officer (d. 1876)
    • 1852 – Billy Barnes, English cricketer (d. 1899)
    • 1857 – Theodor Curtius, German chemist (d. 1928)
    • 1860 – Manuel Teixeira Gomes, Portuguese politician, 7th President of Portugal (d. 1941)
    • 1863 – Arthur Mold, English cricketer (d. 1921)
    • 1867 – Arnold Bennett, English author and playwright (d. 1931)
    • 1868 – Aleksa Šantić, Bosnian poet and author (d. 1924)
    • 1871 – Georges Rouault, French painter and illustrator (d. 1958)
    • 1875 – Frederick Cuming, English cricketer (d. 1942)
    • 1876 – Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski, Polish journalist and author (d. 1945)
    • 1876 – William Stanier, English engineer (d. 1965)
    • 1878 – Anna Cervin, Swedish artist (d. 1972)
    • 1879 – Karl Bühler, German-American linguist and psychologist (d. 1963)
    • 1879 – Hans Lammers, German judge and politician (d. 1962)
    • 1883 – Jessie Arms Botke, American painter (d. 1971)
    • 1884 – Max Brod, Czech journalist, author, and composer (d. 1968)
    • 1887 – Frank Woolley, English cricketer (d. 1978)
    • 1888 – Louis Durey, French composer (d. 1979)
    • 1891 – Claude Champagne, Canadian violinist, pianist, and composer (d. 1965)
    • 1891 – Jaan Kärner, Estonian poet and author (d. 1958)
    • 1894 – Louis-Ferdinand Céline, French physician and author (d. 1961)
    • 1894 – Dashiell Hammett, American detective novelist and screenwriter (d. 1961)
    • 1895 – Douglas Lloyd Campbell, Canadian educator and politician, 13th Premier of Manitoba (d. 1995)
    • 1897 – John Cockcroft, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1967)
    • 1897 – Dink Templeton, American rugby player and coach (d. 1962)
    • 1898 – David Crosthwait, American engineer, inventor and writer (d. 1976)
    • 1899 – Johannes Türn, Estonian chess and draughts player (d. 1993)
    • 1900 – Lotte Toberentz, German overseer of the Nazi Uckermark concentration camp (d. 1964)
    • 1900 – Uładzimir Žyłka, Belarusian poet and translator (d. 1933)
    • 1904 – Chūhei Nambu, Japanese jumper and journalist (d. 1997)
    • 1906 – Buddhadasa, Thai monk and philosopher (d. 1993)
    • 1906 – Harry Hibbs, English footballer (d. 1984)
    • 1906 – Antonio Rosario Mennonna, Italian bishop (d. 2009)
    • 1907 – Nicolas Calas, Greek-American poet and critic (d. 1988)
    • 1907 – Rachel Carson, American biologist, environmentalist, and author (d. 1964)
    • 1909 – Dolores Hope, American singer and philanthropist (d. 2011)
    • 1911 – Hubert Humphrey, American journalist and politician, 38th Vice President of the United States (d. 1978)
    • 1911 – Teddy Kollek, Hungarian-Israeli politician, Mayor of Jerusalem (d. 2007)
    • 1911 – Vincent Price, American actor (d. 1993)
    • 1912 – John Cheever, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1982)
    • 1912 – Sam Snead, American golfer and sportscaster (d. 2002)
    • 1912 – Terry Moore, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1995)
    • 1915 – Ester Soré, Chilean singer-songwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1915 – Herman Wouk, American novelist (d. 2019)
    • 1917 – Harry Webster, English engineer (d. 2007)
    • 1918 – Yasuhiro Nakasone, Japanese commander and politician, 45th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2019)
    • 1921 – Bob Godfrey, Australian-English animator, director, and voice actor (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Otto Carius, German lieutenant and pharmacist (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Christopher Lee, English actor (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – John D. Vanderhoof, American banker and politician, 37th Governor of Colorado (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Henry Kissinger, German-American political scientist and politician, 56th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1923 – Sumner Redstone, American businessman and philanthropist
    • 1924 – Jaime Lusinchi, Venezuelan physician and politician, President of Venezuela (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – John Sumner, English-Australian director, founded the Melbourne Theatre Company (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Tony Hillerman, American journalist and author (d. 2008)
    • 1927 – Jüri Randviir, Estonian chess player and journalist (d. 1996)
    • 1928 – Thea Musgrave, Scottish-American composer and educator
    • 1930 – John Barth, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1930 – William S. Sessions, American civil servant and judge, 8th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
    • 1930 – Eino Tamberg, Estonian composer and educator (d. 2010)
    • 1931 – André Barbeau, French-Canadian neurologist (d. 1986)
    • 1931 – John Chapple, English field marshal and politician, Governor of Gibraltar
    • 1931 – Bernard Fresson, French actor (d. 2002)
    • 1931 – Faten Hamama, Egyptian actress and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Philip Kotler, American author and professor
    • 1933 – Edward Samuel Rogers, Canadian businessman (d. 2008)
    • 1933 – Manfred Sommer, Spanish author and illustrator (d. 2007)
    • 1934 – Ray Daviault, Canadian-American baseball player
    • 1934 – Harlan Ellison, American author and screenwriter (d. 2018)
    • 1935 – Daniel Colchico, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Mal Evans, British road manager of The Beatles (d. 1976)
    • 1935 – Jerry Kindall, American baseball player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1935 – Ramsey Lewis, American jazz pianist and composer
    • 1935 – Lee Meriwether, American model and actress, Miss America 1955
    • 1936 – Benjamin Bathurst, English admiral
    • 1936 – Louis Gossett, Jr., American actor and producer
    • 1936 – Marcel Masse, Canadian educator and politician, 29th Canadian Minister of National Defence (d. 2014)
    • 1937 – Allan Carr, American playwright and producer (d. 1999)
    • 1939 – Simon Cairns, 6th Earl Cairns, English courtier and businessman
    • 1939 – Yves Duhaime, Canadian captain and politician
    • 1939 – Sokratis Kokkalis, Greek businessman
    • 1939 – Gerald Ronson, English businessman and philanthropist
    • 1939 – Lionel Sosa, Mexican-American advertising and marketing executive
    • 1939 – Don Williams, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
    • 1940 – Mike Gibson, Australian journalist and sportscaster (d. 2015)
    • 1942 – Lee Baca, American police officer
    • 1942 – Piers Courage, English racing driver (d. 1970)
    • 1942 – Roger Freeman, Baron Freeman, English accountant and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
    • 1942 – Robin Widdows, English racing driver
    • 1943 – Cilla Black, English singer and actress (d. 2015)
    • 1943 – Bruce Weitz, American actor
    • 1944 – Chris Dodd, American lawyer and politician
    • 1944 – Ingrid Roscoe, English historian and politician, Lord Lieutenant of West Yorkshire
    • 1944 – Alain Souchon, French singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1945 – Bruce Cockburn, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1946 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish bassist and composer (d. 2005)
    • 1946 – John Williams, English motorcycle racer (d. 1978)
    • 1947 – Peter DeFazio, American politician
    • 1947 – Marty Kristian, German-Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1947 – Branko Oblak, Slovenian footballer and coach
    • 1947 – Riivo Sinijärv, Estonian politician, 19th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1948 – Wubbo de Boer, Dutch civil servant (d. 2017)
    • 1948 – Pete Sears, English bass player
    • 1948 – Morning Glory Zell-Ravenheart, American occultist and author (d. 2014)
    • 1949 – Hugh Lowther, 8th Earl of Lonsdale, English politician
    • 1949 – Christa Vahlensieck, German runner
    • 1950 – Dee Dee Bridgewater, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1950 – Makis Dendrinos, Greek basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1951 – John Conteh, English boxer
    • 1954 – Pauline Hanson, Australian businesswoman, activist, and politician
    • 1954 – Jackie Slater, American football player and coach
    • 1955 – Eric Bischoff, American wrestler, manager, and producer
    • 1955 – Richard Schiff, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1955 – Ian Tracey, English organist and conductor
    • 1956 – Cynthia McFadden, American journalist
    • 1956 – Rosemary Squire, English producer and manager, co-founded Ambassador Theatre Group
    • 1956 – Giuseppe Tornatore, Italian director and screenwriter
    • 1957 – Dag Terje Andersen, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Labour
    • 1957 – Nitin Gadkari, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of Transport
    • 1957 – Eddie Harsch, Canadian-American keyboard player and bass player (d. 2016)
    • 1957 – Siouxsie Sioux, English singer-songwriter, musician, and producer
    • 1958 – Nick Anstee, English accountant and politician, 682nd Lord Mayor of London
    • 1958 – Neil Finn, New Zealand singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1958 – Jesse Robredo, Filipino politician, 23rd Filipino Secretary of the Interior (d. 2012)
    • 1960 – Gaston Therrien, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1961 – José Luíz Barbosa, Brazilian runner and coach
    • 1961 – Peri Gilpin, American actress
    • 1962 – Marcelino Bernal, Mexican footballer
    • 1962 – Ray Borner, Australian basketball player
    • 1962 – Steven Brill, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1962 – Anthony A. Hyman, Israeli-English biologist and academic
    • 1962 – David Mundell, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1962 – Ravi Shastri, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Gonzalo Rubalcaba, Cuban pianist and composer
    • 1963 – Maria Walliser, Swiss skier
    • 1964 – Adam Carolla, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Pat Cash, Australian-English tennis player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Heston Blumenthal, English chef and author
    • 1967 – Paul Gascoigne, English international footballer, midfielder, coach, and manager
    • 1967 – Eddie McClintock, American actor
    • 1968 – Jeff Bagwell, American baseball player and coach
    • 1968 – Rebekah Brooks, English journalist
    • 1968 – Harun Erdenay, Turkish basketball player and coach
    • 1968 – Frank Thomas, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1969 – Todd Hundley, American baseball player
    • 1969 – Jeremy Mayfield, American race car driver
    • 1969 – Craig Federighi, American computer scientist and engineer
    • 1970 – Michele Bartoli, Italian cyclist
    • 1970 – Tim Farron, English educator and politician
    • 1970 – Joseph Fiennes, English actor
    • 1970 – Alex Archer, American-born Australian musician
    • 1971 – Mathew Batsiua, Nauruan politician
    • 1971 – Paul Bettany, English actor
    • 1971 – Wayne Carey, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1971 – Kaur Kender, Estonian author
    • 1971 – Lisa Lopes, American rapper and dancer (d. 2002)
    • 1971 – Lee Sharpe, English footballer
    • 1971 – Grant Stafford, South African tennis player
    • 1971 – Sophie Walker, British politician, leader of the Women’s Equality Party
    • 1971 – Petroc Trelawny, British radio and television broadcaster
    • 1972 – Todd Demsey, American golfer
    • 1972 – Antonio Freeman, American football player
    • 1972 – Maxim Sokolov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1973 – Jack McBrayer, American actor and comedian
    • 1973 – Tana Umaga, New Zealand rugby player and coach
    • 1973 – Yorgos Lanthimos, Greek film video, and theatre director, producer and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Skye Edwards, British singer-songwriter
    • 1974 – Denise van Outen, English actress, singer, and television host
    • 1974 – Derek Webb, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Danny Wuerffel, American football player
    • 1975 – André 3000, American rapper
    • 1975 – Michael Hussey, Australian cricketer
    • 1975 – Jamie Oliver, English chef and author
    • 1975 – Feryal Özel, Turkish astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
    • 1976 – Marcel Fässler, Swiss racing driver
    • 1977 – Abderrahmane Hammad, Algerian high jumper
    • 1977 – Mahela Jayawardene, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1978 – Adin Brown, American soccer player
    • 1979 – Michael Buonauro, American author and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1979 – Mile Sterjovski, Australian footballer
    • 1980 – Craig Buntin, Canadian figure skater
    • 1981 – Alina Cojocaru, Romanian ballerina
    • 1981 – Johan Elmander, Swedish footballer
    • 1984 – Blake Ahearn, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Miguel González, Mexican baseball pitcher
    • 1985 – Chiang Chien-ming, Taiwanese baseball player
    • 1985 – Roberto Soldado, Spanish footballer
    • 1986 – Conor Cummins, Manx motorcycle racer
    • 1986 – Bamba Fall, Senegalese basketball player
    • 1986 – Lasse Schöne, Danish footballer
    • 1987 – Gervinho, Ivorian footballer
    • 1987 – Bella Heathcote, Australian actress
    • 1987 – Eric Kolelas, French-English actor and director
    • 1987 – Bora Paçun, Turkish basketball player
    • 1987 – Matt Prior, Australian rugby league player
    • 1987 – Martina Sablikova, Czech speed skater and cyclist
    • 1988 – Vontae Davis, American football player
    • 1988 – Irina Davydova, Russian hurdler
    • 1988 – Garrett Richards, American baseball pitcher
    • 1988 – Tyler Sash, American football player (d. 2015)
    • 1989 – Igor Morozov, Estonian footballer
    • 1990 – Yenew Alamirew, Ethiopian runner
    • 1990 – Chris Colfer, American actor and singer
    • 1990 – Marcus Kruger, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1991 – Sebastien Dewaest, Belgian footballer
    • 1991 – Tim Lafai, Samoan rugby league player
    • 1991 – Ksenia Pervak, Russian tennis player
    • 1991 – Eneli Vals, Estonian footballer
    • 1992 – Aaron Brown, Canadian sprinter
    • 1992 – Laurence Vincent-Lapointe, Canadian canoer

    Deaths on May 27

    • 366 – Procopius, Roman usurper (b. 325)
    • 398 – Murong Bao, emperor of the Xianbei state Later Yan (b. 355)
    • 475 – Eutropius, bishop of Orange
    • 866 – Ordoño I of Asturias (b. 831)
    • 927 – Simeon I of Bulgaria first Bulgarian Emperor (b. 864)
    • 1039 – Dirk III, Count of Holland (b. 981)
    • 1045 – Bruno of Würzburg, imperial chancellor of Italy (b. c. 1005)
    • 1178 – Godfrey van Rhenen, bishop of Utrecht
    • 1240 – William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey (b. 1166)
    • 1444 – John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, English commander (b. 1404)
    • 1508 – Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (b. 1452)
    • 1508 – Lucrezia Crivelli, mistress of Ludovico Sforza (b. 1452)
    • 1525 – Thomas Müntzer, German mystic and theologian (b. 1488)
    • 1541 – Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury (b. 1473)
    • 1564 – John Calvin, French pastor and theologian (b. 1509)
    • 1610 – François Ravaillac, French assassin of Henry IV of France (b. 1578)
    • 1624 – Diego Ramírez de Arellano, Spanish sailor and cosmographer (b. c. 1580)
    • 1637 – John Boteler, 1st Baron Boteler of Brantfield, English politician (b. c. 1566)
    • 1661 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll, Scottish general and politician (b. 1607)
    • 1675 – Gaspard Dughet, Italian-French painter (b. 1613)
    • 1690 – Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1626)
    • 1702 – Dominique Bouhours, French priest and critic (b. 1628)
    • 1707 – Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan, French mistress of Louis XIV of France (b. 1640)
    • 1781 – Giovanni Battista Beccaria, Italian physicist and academic (b. 1716)
    • 1797 – François-Noël Babeuf, French journalist (b. 1760)
    • 1831 – Jedediah Smith, American hunter, explorer, and author (b. 1799)
    • 1840 – Niccolò Paganini, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1782)
    • 1867 – Thomas Bulfinch American mythologist (b. 1796)
    • 1896 – Aleksandr Stoletov, Russian physicist, engineer, and academic (b. 1839)
    • 1910 – Robert Koch, German physician and microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1843)
    • 1918 – Ōzutsu Man’emon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 18th Yokozuna (b. 1869)
    • 1919 – Kandukuri Veeresalingam, Indian author and activist (b. 1848)
    • 1933 – Achille Paroche, French target shooter (b. 1868)
    • 1939 – Joseph Roth, Austrian-French journalist and author (b. 1894)
    • 1941 – Ernst Lindemann, German captain (b. 1894)
    • 1941 – Günther Lütjens, German admiral (b. 1889)
    • 1942 – Muhammed Hamdi Yazır, Turkish theologian, logician, and translator (b. 1878)
    • 1943 – Gordon Coates, New Zealand soldier and politician, 21st Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1878)
    • 1945 – Enno Lolling, German physician (b. 1888)
    • 1947 – Ed Konetchy, American baseball player and manager (b. 1885)
    • 1949 – Robert Ripley, American cartoonist, publisher, and businessman, founded Ripley’s Believe It or Not! (b. 1890)
    • 1953 – Jesse Burkett, American baseball player and manager (b. 1868)
    • 1960 – James Montgomery Flagg, American painter and illustrator (b. 1877)
    • 1963 – Grigoris Lambrakis, Greek physician and politician (b. 1912)
    • 1964 – Jawaharlal Nehru, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of India (b. 1889)
    • 1967 – W. Otto Miessner, American composer and educator (b. 1880)
    • 1967 – Ernst Niekisch, German academic and politician (b. 1889)
    • 1969 – Jeffrey Hunter, American actor and producer (b. 1926)
    • 1971 – Béla Juhos, Hungarian-Austrian philosopher from the Vienna Circle (b. 1901)
    • 1971 – Armando Picchi, Italian footballer and coach (b. 1935)
    • 1980 – Gün Sazak, Turkish agronomist and politician (b. 1932)
    • 1984 – Vasilije Mokranjac, Serbian composer (b. 1923)
    • 1986 – Ismail al-Faruqi, Palestinian-American philosopher and academic (b. 1921)
    • 1986 – Ajoy Mukherjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal (b. 1901)
    • 1986 – Giorgos Tzifos, Greek actor and cinematographer (b. 1918)
    • 1987 – John Howard Northrop, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
    • 1988 – Hjördis Petterson, Swedish actress (b. 1908)
    • 1988 – Ernst Ruska, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
    • 1989 – Arseny Tarkovsky, Russian poet and translator (b. 1907)
    • 1990 – Robert B. Meyner, American lawyer and politician, 44th Governor of New Jersey (b. 1908)
    • 1991 – Leopold Nowak, Austrian musicologist and theorist (b. 1904)
    • 1992 – Uncle Charlie Osborne, American fiddler (b. 1890)
    • 1998 – Minoo Masani, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
    • 2000 – Kazimierz Leski, Polish engineer and pilot (b. 1912)
    • 2000 – Murray MacLehose, Baron MacLehose of Beoch, Scottish politician and diplomat, 25th Governor of Hong Kong (b. 1917)
    • 2000 – Maurice Richard, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1921)
    • 2003 – Luciano Berio, Italian composer and educator (b. 1925)
    • 2006 – Rob Borsellino, American journalist (b. 1949)
    • 2006 – Paul Gleason, American actor (b. 1939)
    • 2006 – Craig Heyward, American football player (b. 1966)
    • 2007 – Izumi Sakai, Japanese singer-songwriter (b. 1967)
    • 2007 – Gretchen Wyler, American actress and dancer (b. 1932)
    • 2007 – Ed Yost, American inventor, created the hot air balloon (b. 1919)
    • 2008 – Franz Künstler, Hungarian soldier (b. 1900)
    • 2009 – Thomas M. Franck, American lawyer and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2009 – Clive Granger, Welsh-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1934)
    • 2009 – Mona Grey, British nursing administrator; Northern Ireland’s first Chief Nursing Officer
    • 2009 – Abram Hoffer, Canadian biochemist, physician, and psychiatrist (b. 1917)
    • 2009 – Gérard Jean-Juste, Haitian-American priest and theologian (b. 1946)
    • 2009 – Carol Anne O’Marie, American nun and author (b. 1933)
    • 2009 – William Refshauge, Australian soldier and physician (b. 1913)
    • 2009 – Paul Sharratt, English-American television host (b. 1933)
    • 2010 – Payut Ngaokrachang, Thai animator and director (b. 1929)
    • 2011 – Jeff Conaway, American actor and singer (b. 1950)
    • 2011 – Margo Dydek, Polish-American basketball player (b. 1974)
    • 2011 – Gil Scott-Heron, American singer-songwriter and poet (b. 1949)
    • 2012 – Simeon Daniel, Nevisian educator and politician, 1st Premier of Nevis (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Friedrich Hirzebruch, German mathematician and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Anahit Perikhanian, Russian-born Armenian Iranologist (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – David Rimoin, Canadian-American geneticist and academic (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri, Indian politician (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Bill Pertwee, English actor (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Abdoulaye Sékou Sow, Malian politician, Prime Minister of Mali (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Robert Genn, Canadian painter and author (b. 1936)
    • 2014 – Helma Sanders-Brahms, German director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1940)
    • 2014 – Roberto Vargas, Puerto Rican-American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Massimo Vignelli, Italian-American graphic designer (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Erik Carlsson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Nils Christie, Norwegian sociologist, criminologist, and author (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Andy King, English footballer and manager (b. 1956)
    • 2015 – Michael Martin, American philosopher and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2017 – Gregg Allman, American musician, singer and songwriter (b. 1947)
    • 2020 – Larry Kramer, American playwright, public health advocate and LGBT rights activist (b. 1935)

    Holidays and observances on May 27

    • Armed Forces Day (Nicaragua)
    • Children’s Day (Nigeria)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Augustine of Canterbury
      • Blessed Lojze Grozde
      • Bede (commemoration, Anglican Communion)
      • Bruno of Würzburg
      • Eutropius of Orange
      • Hildebert
      • Julius the Veteran
      • May 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Mother’s Day (Bolivia)
    • Navy Day (Japan)
    • Slavery Abolition Day (Guadeloupe, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin)
    • Start of National Reconciliation Week (Australia)

  • May 3 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico assumes the throne.
    • 1294 – John II becomes Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg.
    • 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties.
    • 1491 – Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptized by Portuguese missionaries, adopting the baptismal name of João I.
    • 1616 – Treaty of Loudun ends French civil war.
    • 1715 – A total solar eclipse was visible across northern Europe, and northern Asia, as predicted by Edmond Halley to within 4 minutes accuracy.
    • 1791 – The Constitution of May 3 (the first modern constitution in Europe) is proclaimed by the Sejm of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
    • 1802 – Washington, D.C. is incorporated as a city after Congress abolishes the Board of Commissioners, the District’s founding government. The “City of Washington” is given a mayor-council form of government.
    • 1808 – Finnish War: Sweden loses the fortress of Sveaborg to Russia.
    • 1808 – Peninsular War: The Madrid rebels who rose up on May 2 are executed near Príncipe Pío hill.
    • 1815 – Neapolitan War: Joachim Murat, King of Naples is defeated by the Austrians at the Battle of Tolentino, the decisive engagement of the war.
    • 1830 – The Canterbury and Whitstable Railway is opened; it is the first steam-hauled passenger railway to issue season tickets and include a tunnel.
    • 1837 – The University of Athens is founded in Athens, Greece.
    • 1848 – The boar-crested Anglo-Saxon Benty Grange helmet is discovered in a barrow on the Benty Grange farm in Derbyshire.
    • 1849 – The May Uprising in Dresden begins: The last of the German revolutions of 1848–49.
    • 1855 – American adventurer William Walker departs from San Francisco with about 60 men to conquer Nicaragua.
    • 1860 – Charles XV of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
    • 1867 – The Hudson’s Bay Company gives up all claims to Vancouver Island.
    • 1901 – The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville, Florida.
    • 1913 – Raja Harishchandra, the first full-length Indian feature film, is released, marking the beginning of the Indian film industry.
    • 1920 – A Bolshevik coup fails in the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
    • 1921 – West Virginia becomes the first state to legislate a broad sales tax, but does not implement it until a number of years later due to enforcement issues.
    • 1921 – The Government of Ireland Act 1920 is passed, dividing Ireland into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland.
    • 1928 – The Jinan incident begins with the deaths of twelve Japanese civilians by Chinese forces in Jinan, China, which leads to Japanese retaliation and the deaths of over 2,000 Chinese civilians in the following days.
    • 1939 – The All India Forward Bloc is formed by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese naval troops invade Tulagi Island in the Solomon Islands during the first part of Operation Mo that results in the Battle of the Coral Sea between Japanese forces and forces from the United States and Australia.
    • 1945 – World War II: Sinking of the prison ships Cap Arcona, Thielbek and Deutschland by the Royal Air Force in Lübeck Bay.
    • 1947 – New post-war Japanese constitution goes into effect.
    • 1948 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Shelley v. Kraemer that covenants prohibiting the sale of real estate to blacks and other minorities are legally unenforceable.
    • 1951 – London’s Royal Festival Hall opens with the Festival of Britain.
    • 1951 – The United States Senate Committee on Armed Services and United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations begin their closed door hearings into the relief of Douglas MacArthur by U.S. President Harry Truman.
    • 1952 – Lieutenant Colonels Joseph O. Fletcher and William P. Benedict of the United States land a plane at the North Pole.
    • 1952 – The Kentucky Derby is televised nationally for the first time, on the CBS network.
    • 1957 – Walter O’Malley, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers, agrees to move the team from Brooklyn to Los Angeles.
    • 1960 – The Off-Broadway musical comedy The Fantasticks opens in New York City’s Greenwich Village, eventually becoming the longest-running musical of all time.
    • 1960 – The Anne Frank House museum opens in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    • 1963 – The police force in Birmingham, Alabama switches tactics and responds with violent force to stop the “Birmingham campaign” protesters. Images of the violent suppression are transmitted worldwide, bringing new-found attention to the civil rights movement.
    • 1971 – Erich Honecker becomes First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, remaining in power until 1989
    • 1973 – The 108-story Sears Tower in Chicago is topped out at 1,451 feet as the world’s tallest building.
    • 1978 – The first unsolicited bulk commercial email (which would later become known as “spam”) is sent by a Digital Equipment Corporation marketing representative to every ARPANET address on the west coast of the United States.
    • 1986 – Twenty-one people are killed and forty-one are injured after a bomb explodes on Air Lanka Flight 512 at Colombo airport in Sri Lanka.
    • 1987 – A crash by Bobby Allison at the Talladega Superspeedway, Alabama fencing at the start-finish line would lead NASCAR to develop the restrictor plate for the following season both at Daytona International Speedway and Talladega.
    • 1999 – The southwestern portion of Oklahoma City is devastated by an F5 tornado, killing forty-five people, injuring 665, and causing $1 billion in damage. The tornado is one of 66 from the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak. This tornado also produces the highest wind speed ever recorded, measured at 301 +/- 20 mph (484 +/- 32 km/h).
    • 1999 – Infiltration of Pakistani soldiers on Indian side resulted into the kargil war.
    • 2000 – The sport of geocaching begins, with the first cache placed and the coordinates from a GPS posted on Usenet.
    • 2001 – The United States loses its seat on the U.N. Human Rights Commission for the first time since the commission was formed in 1947.
    • 2002 – An Indian Air Force MiG-21 crashes into a bank in Jalandhar, killing eight and injuring 17.
    • 2007 – The 3-year-old British girl Madeleine McCann disappears in Praia da Luz, Portugal, starting “the most heavily reported missing-person case in modern history”.
    • 2015 – Two gunmen launch an attempted attack on an anti-Islam event in Garland, Texas, which was held in response to the Charlie Hebdo shooting.
    • 2016 – Eighty-eight thousand people were evacuated from their homes in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada as a wildfire ripped through the community, destroying approximately 2,400 homes and buildings.

    Births on May 3

    • 490 – K’an Joy Chitam I, ruler of Palenque (d. 565)
    • 612 – Constantine III, Byzantine emperor (d. 641)
    • 1238 – Emilia Bicchieri, Italian saint (d. 1314)
    • 1276 – Louis, Count of Évreux, son of King Philip III of France (d. 1319)
    • 1415 – Cecily Neville, Duchess of York (d. 1495)
    • 1428 – Pedro González de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal (d. 1495)
    • 1446 – Margaret of York (d. 1503)
    • 1461 – Raffaele Riario, Italian cardinal (d. 1521)
    • 1469 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian historian and philosopher (d. 1527)
    • 1479 – Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1552)
    • 1481 – Juana de la Cruz Vázquez Gutiérrez, Spanish abbess of the Franciscan Third Order Regular (d. 1534)
    • 1536 – Stephan Praetorius, German theologian (d. 1603)
    • 1632 – Catherine of St. Augustine, French-Canadian nurse and saint, founded the Hôtel-Dieu de Québec (d. 1668)
    • 1662 – Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann, German architect, designed the Pillnitz Castle (d. 1736)
    • 1678 – Amaro Pargo, Spanish corsair (d. 1747)
    • 1695 – Henri Pitot, French physicist and engineer, invented the Pitot tube (d. 1771)
    • 1729 – Florian Leopold Gassmann, Czech composer (d. 1774)
    • 1761 – August von Kotzebue, German playwright and author (d. 1819)
    • 1764 – Princess Élisabeth of France (d. 1794)
    • 1768 – Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and businessman (d. 1838)
    • 1783 – José de la Riva Agüero, Peruvian soldier and politician, 1st President of Peru and 2nd President of North Peru (d. 1858)
    • 1814 – Adams George Archibald, Canadian lawyer and politician, 4th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (d. 1892)
    • 1826 – Charles XV of Sweden (d. 1872)
    • 1844 – Richard D’Oyly Carte, English talent agent and composer (d. 1901)
    • 1849 – Jacob Riis, Danish-American journalist and photographer (d. 1914)
    • 1849 – Bernhard von Bülow, German soldier and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1929)
    • 1854 – George Gore, American baseball player and manager (d. 1933)
    • 1859 – August Herrmann, American executive in Major League Baseball (d.1931)
    • 1860 – Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – Andy Bowen, American boxer (d. 1894)
    • 1867 – J. T. Hearne, English cricketer (d. 1944)
    • 1870 – Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1948)
    • 1871 – Emmett Dalton, American criminal (d. 1937)
    • 1873 – Pavlo Skoropadskyi, German-Ukrainian general and politician, Hetman of Ukraine (d. 1945)
    • 1874 – François Coty, French businessman and publisher, founded Coty, Inc. (d. 1934)
    • 1874 – Vagn Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer and academic (d. 1954)
    • 1877 – Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst and author (d. 1925)
    • 1879 – Fergus McMaster, Australian businessman and soldier, co-founded Qantas (d. 1950)
    • 1886 – Marcel Dupré, French organist and composer (d. 1971)
    • 1887 – Marika Kotopouli, Greek actress (d. 1954)
    • 1889 – Beulah Bondi, American actress (d. 1981)
    • 1889 – Gottfried Fuchs, German-Canadian Olympic soccer player (d. 1972)
    • 1891 – Tadeusz Peiper, Polish poet and critic (d. 1969)
    • 1891 – Eppa Rixey, American baseball pitcher (d. 1963)
    • 1892 – George Paget Thomson, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
    • 1892 – Jacob Viner, Canadian-American economist and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1893 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian author (d. 1975)
    • 1895 – Cornelius Van Til, Dutch philosopher, theologian, and apologist (d. 1987)
    • 1896 – Karl Allmenröder, German soldier and pilot (d. 1917)
    • 1896 – V. K. Krishna Menon, Indian lawyer, jurist, and politician, Indian Minister of Defence (d. 1974)
    • 1896 – Dodie Smith, English author and playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1897 – William Joseph Browne, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Solicitor General of Canada (d. 1989)
    • 1898 – Septima Poinsette Clark, American educator and activist (d. 1987)
    • 1898 – Golda Meir, Ukrainian-Israeli educator and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1978)
    • 1902 – Alfred Kastler, German-French physicist and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – Bing Crosby, American singer and actor (d. 1977)
    • 1905 – Edmund Black, American hammer thrower (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Werner Fenchel, German-Danish mathematician and academic (d. 1988)
    • 1905 – Red Ruffing, American baseball pitcher and coach (d. 1986)
    • 1906 – Mary Astor, American actress (d. 1987)
    • 1906 – René Huyghe, French historian and author (d. 1997)
    • 1906 – Anna Roosevelt Halsted, American journalist and author (d. 1975)
    • 1906 – Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2005)
    • 1910 – Norman Corwin, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1912 – Virgil Fox, American organist and composer (d. 1980)
    • 1912 – May Sarton, American poet, novelist and memoirist (d. 1995)
    • 1913 – William Inge, American playwright and novelist (d. 1973)
    • 1914 – Georges-Emmanuel Clancier, French journalist, author, and poet (d. 2018)
    • 1915 – Stu Hart, Canadian wrestler and trainer, founded Stampede Wrestling (d. 2003)
    • 1915 – Richard Lippold, American sculptor and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Léopold Simoneau, Canadian tenor and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Betty Comden, American screenwriter and librettist (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – George Gaynes, Finnish-American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1918 – Ted Bates, English footballer and manager (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – John Cullen Murphy, American soldier and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Pete Seeger, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist (d. 2014)
    • 1920 – John Lewis, American pianist and composer (d. 2001)
    • 1921 – Sugar Ray Robinson, American boxer (d. 1989)
    • 1922 – Len Shackleton, English footballer and journalist (d. 2000)
    • 1923 – George Hadjinikos, Greek pianist, conductor, and educator (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Ralph Hall, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Yehuda Amichai, German-Israeli author and poet (d. 2000)
    • 1924 – Ken Tyrrell, English race car driver, founded Tyrrell Racing (d. 2001)
    • 1925 – Jean Séguy, French sociologist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Matt Baldwin, Canadian curler and engineer
    • 1928 – Dave Dudley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2003)
    • 1928 – Jacques-Louis Lions, French mathematician (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Denise Lor, American singer and actress (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – Juan Gelman, Argentinian poet and author (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – David Harrison, English chemist and academic
    • 1931 – Vasily Rudenkov, Belarusian hammer thrower (d. 1982)
    • 1931 – Sait Maden, Turkish translator, poet, painter and graphic designer (d. 2013)
    • 1932 – Robert Osborne, American actor and historian (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – James Brown, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1933 – Steven Weinberg, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1934 – Henry Cooper, English boxer and sportscaster (d. 2011)
    • 1934 – Georges Moustaki, Egyptian-French singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Frankie Valli, American singer and actor
    • 1935 – Ron Popeil, American businessman, founded the Ronco Company
    • 1937 – Nélida Piñon, Brazilian author and academic
    • 1938 – Omar Abdel-Rahman, Egyptian terrorist
    • 1938 – Chris Cannizzaro, American baseball player
    • 1938 – Napoleon XIV, American singer, songwriter and record producer
    • 1939 – Jonathan Harvey, English composer and educator (d. 2012)
    • 1940 – David Koch, American engineer, businessman, and philanthropist (d. 2019)
    • 1940 – Clemens Westerhof, Dutch footballer and manager
    • 1941 – Alexander Harley, English general
    • 1941 – Edward Malloy, American priest and academic
    • 1942 – Věra Čáslavská, Czech gymnast and coach (d. 2016)
    • 1942 – Dave Marash, American journalist and sportscaster
    • 1942 – Butch Otter, American soldier and politician, 32nd Governor of Idaho
    • 1943 – Yukio Hashi, Japanese singer and actor
    • 1943 – Jim Risch, American lawyer and politician, 31st Governor of Idaho
    • 1943 – Vicente Saldivar, Mexican boxer (d. 1985)
    • 1944 – Peter Doyle, English bishop
    • 1944 – Pete Staples, English bass player
    • 1945 – Jörg Drehmel, German triple jumper and coach
    • 1945 – Davey Lopes, American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1946 – Norm Chow, American football player and coach
    • 1946 – Silvino Francisco, South African snooker player
    • 1946 – Greg Gumbel, American sportscaster
    • 1947 – Doug Henning, Canadian magician (d. 2000)
    • 1948 – Denis Cosgrove, British-American academic and geographer (d. 2008)
    • 1948 – Chris Mulkey, American actor
    • 1949 – Liam Donaldson, English physician and academic
    • 1949 – Ruth Lister, Baroness Lister of Burtersett, English academic and politician
    • 1949 – Ron Wyden, American academic and politician
    • 1950 – Mary Hopkin, Welsh singer-songwriter
    • 1950 – Dag Arnesen, Norwegian pianist and composer
    • 1951 – Alan Clayson, English singer-songwriter and journalist
    • 1951 – Christopher Cross, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1951 – Ashok Gehlot, Indian politician, 21st Chief Minister of Rajasthan
    • 1951 – Tatyana Tolstaya, Russian author and publicist
    • 1952 – Chuck Baldwin, American pastor and politician
    • 1952 – Caitlin Clarke, American actress (d. 2004)
    • 1952 – Joseph W. Tobin, American cardinal
    • 1953 – Bruce Hall, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1953 – Jake Hooker, Israeli-American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1954 – Angela Bofill, American singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – Jean-Marc Roberts, French author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1955 – Stephen D. M. Brown, British geneticist
    • 1955 – Colin Deans, Scottish rugby player
    • 1955 – David Hookes, Australian cricketer, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2004)
    • 1955 – Seishirō Nishida, Japanese actor
    • 1956 – Marc Bellemare, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1957 – Alain Côté, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1957 – Rod Langway, Taiwanese-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1958 – Bill Sienkiewicz, American author and illustrator
    • 1958 – Sandi Toksvig, Danish-English comedian, writer, and broadcaster
    • 1959 – David Ball, English keyboard player and producer
    • 1959 – Uma Bharti, Indian activist and politician, 16th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh
    • 1959 – Ben Elton, English actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Kathy Smallwood-Cook, English sprinter and educator
    • 1961 – Steve McClaren, English footballer and manager
    • 1961 – David Vitter, American lawyer and politician
    • 1961 – Leyla Zana, Kurdish activist and politician
    • 1962 – Anders Graneheim, Swedish bodybuilder
    • 1963 – Jeff Hornacek, American basketball player and coach
    • 1963 – Mona Siddiqui, Pakistani-Scottish journalist and academic
    • 1964 – Sterling Campbell, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1964 – Ron Hextall, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1965 – Ignatius Aphrem II, Syrian patriarch
    • 1965 – Mark Cousins, Northern Irish director, writer, cinematographer
    • 1965 – John Jensen, Danish footballer and coach
    • 1965 – Mikhail Prokhorov, Russian businessman
    • 1966 – Giorgos Agorogiannis, Greek footballer
    • 1966 – Frank Dietrich, German politician (d. 2011)
    • 1967 – Daniel Anderson, Australian rugby league coach and manager
    • 1967 – Kenneth Joel Hotz, Canadian producer, writer, director, actor, and comedian
    • 1968 – Viliami Ofahengaue, Tongan-Australian rugby player
    • 1971 – Douglas Carswell, British politician, the first elected MP for the UK Independence Party
    • 1972 – Stephen Barclay, English lawyer and politician
    • 1973 – Jamie Baulch, Welsh sprinter and television host
    • 1975 – Willie Geist, American television journalist and host
    • 1976 – Jeff Halpern, American ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Brad Scott, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1976 – Chris Scott, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1977 – Eric Church, American country music singer-songwriter
    • 1977 – Ryan Dempster, Canadian baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Tyronn Lue, American basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (d. 2017)
    • 1977 – Ben Olsen, American soccer player and coach
    • 1978 – Christian Annan, Ghanaian-Hong Kong footballer
    • 1978 – Paul Banks, English-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Dai Tamesue, Japanese hurdler
    • 1978 – Lawrence Tynes, American football player
    • 1979 – Steve Mack, American wrestler
    • 1979 – Anastasiya Shvedova, Belarusian pole vaulter
    • 1980 – Zuzana Ondrášková, Czech tennis player
    • 1982 – Igor Olshansky, Ukrainian-American football player
    • 1982 – Nick Stavinoha, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Joseph Addai, American football player
    • 1983 – Romeo Castelen, Dutch footballer
    • 1983 – Jérôme Clavier, French pole vaulter
    • 1983 – Márton Fülöp, Hungarian footballer (d. 2015)
    • 1985 – Ezequiel Lavezzi, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Kadri Lehtla, Estonian biathlete
    • 1985 – Miko Mälberg, Estonian swimmer
    • 1986 – Moon Byung-woo, South Korean footballer
    • 1987 – Lina Grinčikaitė, Lithuanian sprinter
    • 1988 – Ben Revere, American baseball player
    • 1988 – Paddy Holohan, Irish mixed martial artist
    • 1989 – Jesse Bromwich, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1989 – Katinka Hosszú, Hungarian swimmer
    • 1990 – Brooks Koepka, American golfer
    • 1991 – Samuel Seo, South Korean musician
    • 1992 – Aaron Whitchurch, Australian rugby league player
    • 1995 – Ivan Bukavshin, Russian chess player (d. 2016)
    • 1996 – Mary Cain, American runner
    • 1996 – Alex Iwobi, Nigerian football player
    • 1996 – Domantas Sabonis, Lithuanian basketball player
    • 1997 – Desiigner, American rapper
    • 1997 – Dwayne Haskins, American football player
    • 1997 – Ivana Jorović, Serbian tennis player

    Deaths on May 3

    • 678 – Tōchi, Japanese princess
    • 738 – Uaxaclajuun Ub’aah K’awiil, Mayan ruler (ajaw)
    • 1152 – Matilda of Boulogne (b. 1105)
    • 1270 – Béla IV of Hungary (b. 1206)
    • 1294 – John I, Duke of Brabant (b. 1252)
    • 1330 – Alexios II Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond (b. 1282)
    • 1410 – Antipope Alexander V
    • 1481 – Mehmed the Conqueror, Ottoman sultan (b. 1432)
    • 1501 – John Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, English Baron (b. 1463)
    • 1524 – Richard Grey, 3rd Earl of Kent, English peer (b. 1481)
    • 1534 – Juana de la Cruz Vazquez Gutierrez, Spanish Roman Catholic nun and venerable (b. 1481)
    • 1589 – Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1528)
    • 1606 – Henry Garnet, English priest and author (b. 1555)
    • 1621 – Elizabeth Bacon, English Tudor gentlewoman (b. 1541)
    • 1679 – James Sharp, Scottish archbishop (b. 1613)
    • 1693 – Claude de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French courtier (b. 1607)
    • 1704 – Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber, Czech-Austrian violinist and composer (b. 1644)
    • 1724 – John Leverett the Younger, American lawyer, academic, and politician (b. 1662)
    • 1750 – John Willison, Scottish minister and author (b. 1680)
    • 1752 – Samuel Ogle, English-American captain and politician, 5th Governor of Restored Proprietary Government (b. 1692)
    • 1758 – Pope Benedict XIV (b. 1675)
    • 1763 – George Psalmanazar, French-English author (b. 1679)
    • 1764 – Francesco Algarotti, Italian philosopher, poet, and critic (b. 1712)
    • 1779 – John Winthrop, American mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1714)
    • 1793 – Martin Gerbert, German historian and theologian (b. 1720)
    • 1839 – Ferdinando Paer, Italian composer (b. 1771)
    • 1856 – Adolphe Adam, French composer and critic (b. 1803)
    • 1856 – Louis-Étienne Saint-Denis, Arab-French servant to Napoleon I (b. 1788)
    • 1882 – Leonidas Smolents, Austrian–Greek general and army minister (b. 1806)
    • 1910 – Howard Taylor Ricketts, American pathologist (b. 1871)
    • 1916 – Tom Clarke, Irish rebel (b. 1858)
    • 1916 – Thomas MacDonagh, Irish poet and rebel (b. 1878)
    • 1916 – Patrick Pearse, Irish teacher and rebel leader (b. 1879)
    • 1918 – Charlie Soong, Chinese businessman and missionary (b. 1863)
    • 1919 – Elizabeth Almira Allen, American educator (b. 1854)
    • 1921 – Théodore Pilette, Belgian race car driver (b. 1883)
    • 1925 – Clément Ader, French engineer, designed the Ader Avion III (b. 1841)
    • 1932 – Charles Fort, American journalist and author (b. 1874)
    • 1935 – Jessie Willcox Smith, American illustrator (b. 1863)
    • 1939 – Madeleine Desroseaux, French author and poet (b. 1873)
    • 1942 – Thorvald Stauning, Danish politician, 24th Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1873)
    • 1943 – Harry Miller, American engineer (b. 1875)
    • 1948 – Ernst Tandefelt, Finnish assassin of Heikki Ritavuori (b. 1876)
    • 1949 – Fanny Walden, English footballer and cricketer (b. 1888)
    • 1958 – Frank Foster, English cricketer (b. 1889)
    • 1969 – Zakir Husain, Indian academic and politician, 3rd President of India (b. 1897)
    • 1970 – Cemil Gürgen Erlertürk, Turkish footballer, coach, and pilot (b. 1918)
    • 1972 – Kenneth Bailey, Australian lawyer and diplomat, Australian High Commissioner to Canada (b. 1898)
    • 1972 – Emil Breitkreutz, American runner and coach (b. 1883)
    • 1972 – Bruce Cabot, American actor (b. 1904)
    • 1978 – Bill Downs, American journalist (b. 1914)
    • 1981 – Nargis, Indian actress (b. 1929)
    • 1986 – Robert Alda, American actor (b. 1914)
    • 1987 – Dalida, Italian singer, actress, dancer, and model (b. 1933)
    • 1988 – Lev Pontryagin, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1908)
    • 1989 – Christine Jorgensen, American trans woman (b. 1926)
    • 1991 – Jerzy Kosiński, Polish-American novelist and screenwriter (b. 1933)
    • 1992 – George Murphy, American actor, dancer, and politician (b. 1902)
    • 1996 – Dimitri Fampas, Greek guitarist, composer, and educator (b. 1921)
    • 1996 – Alex Kellner, American baseball player (b. 1924)
    • 1996 – Jack Weston, American actor (b. 1924)
    • 1997 – Sébastien Enjolras, French race car driver (b. 1976)
    • 1997 – Narciso Yepes, Spanish guitarist and composer (b. 1927)
    • 1998 – Gene Raymond, American actor (b. 1908)
    • 1999 – Joe Adcock, American baseball player and manager (b. 1927)
    • 1999 – Steve Chiasson, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1967)
    • 1999 – Godfrey Evans, English cricketer (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Júlia Báthory, Hungarian glass designer (b. 1901)
    • 2000 – John Joseph O’Connor, American cardinal (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – Barbara Castle, Baroness Castle of Blackburn, English politician, First Secretary of State (b. 1910)
    • 2002 – Yevgeny Svetlanov, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2003 – Suzy Parker, American model and actress (b. 1932)
    • 2004 – Ken Downing, English race car driver (b. 1917)
    • 2004 – Darrell Johnson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Karel Appel, Dutch painter, sculptor, and poet (b. 1921)
    • 2006 – Pramod Mahajan, Indian politician (b. 1949)
    • 2006 – Earl Woods, American colonel, baseball player, and author (b. 1932)
    • 2007 – Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss illustrator (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Wally Schirra, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1923)
    • 2007 – Knock Yokoyama, Japanese politician (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, Spanish engineer and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1926)
    • 2009 – Renée Morisset, Canadian pianist (b. 1928)
    • 2009 – Ram Balkrushna Shewalkar, Indian author and critic (b. 1931)
    • 2010 – Roy Carrier, American accordion player (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Peter O’Donnell, English soldier and author (b. 1920)
    • 2010 – Guenter Wendt, German-American engineer (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Jackie Cooper, American actor, television director, producer and executive (b. 1922)
    • 2011 – Sergo Kotrikadze, Georgian footballer and manager (b. 1936)
    • 2011 – Thanasis Veggos, Greek actor and director (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Jorge Illueca, Panamanian politician, 30th President of Panama (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Felix Werder, German-Australian composer, conductor, and critic (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Joe Astroth, American baseball player (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Herbert Blau, American engineer and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Cedric Brooks, Jamaican-American saxophonist and flute player (b. 1943)
    • 2013 – Keith Carter, American swimmer and soldier (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Brad Drewett, Australian tennis player and sportscaster (b. 1958)
    • 2013 – David Morris Kern, American pharmacist, co-invented Orajel (b. 1909)
    • 2013 – Curtis Rouse, American football player (b. 1960)
    • 2013 – Branko Vukelić, Croatian politician, 11th Minister of Defence for Croatia (b. 1958)
    • 2014 – Gary Becker, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Francisco Icaza, Mexican painter (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Jim Oberstar, American educator and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Revaz Chkheidze, Georgian director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Danny Jones, Welsh rugby player (b. 1986)
    • 2015 – Warren Smith, American golfer and coach (b. 1915)
    • 2016 – Ian Deans, Canadian politician (b. 1937)
    • 2016 – Jadranka Stojaković, Yugoslav singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
    • 2017 – Daliah Lavi, Israeli actress, singer and model (b. 1942)

    Holidays and observances on May 3

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)
      • Antonia and Alexander
      • Juvenal of Narni
      • Moura (Coptic Church)
      • Philip and James the Lesser
      • Pope Alexander I
      • Sarah the Martyr (Coptic Church)
      • The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland
      • Theodosius of Kiev (Eastern Orthodox Church)
      • May 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Memorial Day (Japan)
    • Constitution Day (Poland)
    • Finding of the Holy Cross-related observances:
      • Fiesta de las Cruces (Spain and Hispanic America)
      • Roodmas, or Feast of the Finding of the Holy Cross (Gallican Rite of the Catholic Church)
    • Sun Day (International)
    • World Press Freedom Day