1577

  • July 24 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
    • 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
    • 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle: King Edward I of England takes the stronghold using the War Wolf.
    • 1411 – Battle of Harlaw, one of the bloodiest battles in Scotland, takes place.
    • 1412 – Behnam Hadloyo becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin.
    • 1487 – Citizens of Leeuwarden, Netherlands, strike against a ban on foreign beer.
    • 1534 – French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the name of Francis I of France.
    • 1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicate and replaced by her 1-year-old son James VI.
    • 1701 – Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founds the trading post at Fort Pontchartrain, which later becomes the city of Detroit.
    • 1783 – The Kingdom of Georgia and the Russian Empire sign the Treaty of Georgievsk.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward the Niagara River to halt Jacob Brown’s American invaders.
    • 1823 – Afro-Chileans are emancipated.
    • 1823 – In Maracaibo, Venezuela, the naval Battle of Lake Maracaibo takes place, where Admiral José Prudencio Padilla defeats the Spanish Navy, thus culminating the independence for the Gran Colombia.
    • 1847 – After 17 months of travel, Brigham Young leads 148 Mormon pioneers into Salt Lake Valley, resulting in the establishment of Salt Lake City.
    • 1847 – Richard March Hoe, American inventor, patented the rotary-type printing press.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Kernstown: Confederate General Jubal Early defeats Union troops led by General George Crook in an effort to keep them out of the Shenandoah Valley.
    • 1866 – Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
    • 1901 – O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio, after serving three years for embezzlement from a bank.
    • 1910 – The Ottoman Empire captures the city of Shkodër, putting down the Albanian Revolt of 1910.
    • 1911 – Hiram Bingham III re-discovers Machu Picchu, “the Lost City of the Incas”.
    • 1915 – The passenger ship SS Eastland capsizes while tied to a dock in the Chicago River. A total of 844 passengers and crew are killed in the largest loss of life disaster from a single shipwreck on the Great Lakes.
    • 1922 – The draft of the British Mandate of Palestine was formally confirmed by the Council of the League of Nations; it came into effect on 26 September 1923.
    • 1923 – The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in World War I.
    • 1924 – Themistoklis Sofoulis becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
    • 1927 – The Menin Gate war memorial is unveiled at Ypres.
    • 1929 – The Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of foreign policy, goes into effect (it is first signed in Paris on August 27, 1928, by most leading world powers).
    • 1935 – The Dust Bowl heat wave reaches its peak, sending temperatures to 109 °F (43 °C) in Chicago and 104 °F (40 °C) in Milwaukee.
    • 1937 – Alabama drops rape charges against the “Scottsboro Boys”.
    • 1943 – World War II: Operation Gomorrah begins: British and Canadian aeroplanes bomb Hamburg by night, and American planes bomb the city by day. By the end of the operation in November, 9,000 tons of explosives will have killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings.
    • 1950 – Cape Canaveral Air Force Station begins operations with the launch of a Bumper rocket.
    • 1959 – At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev have a “Kitchen Debate”.
    • 1963 – The ship Bluenose II was launched in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. The schooner is a major Canadian symbol.
    • 1966 – Michael Pelkey makes the first BASE jump from El Capitan along with Brian Schubert. Both came out with broken bones. BASE jumping has now been banned from El Cap.
    • 1967 – During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declares to a crowd of over 100,000 in Montreal: Vive le Québec libre! (“Long live free Quebec!”); the statement angered the Canadian government and many Anglophone Canadians.
    • 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11 splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean.
    • 1974 – Watergate scandal: The United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled that President Richard Nixon did not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes and they order him to surrender the tapes to the Watergate special prosecutor.
    • 1977 – End of a four-day-long Libyan–Egyptian War.
    • 1980 – The Quietly Confident Quartet of Australia wins the men’s 4 x 100 metre medley relay at the Moscow Olympics, the only time the United States has not won the event at Olympic level.
    • 1982 – Heavy rain causes a mudslide that destroys a bridge at Nagasaki, Japan, killing 299.
    • 1983 – The Black July anti-Tamil riots begin in Sri Lanka, killing between 400 and 3,000. Black July is generally regarded as the beginning of the Sri Lankan Civil War.
    • 1983 – George Brett batting for the Kansas City Royals against the New York Yankees, has a game-winning home run nullified in the “Pine Tar Incident”.
    • 1987 – US supertanker SS Bridgeton collides with mines laid by IRGC causing a 43-square-meter dent in the body of the oil tanker.
    • 1987 – Hulda Crooks, at 91 years of age, climbed Mt. Fuji. Crooks became the oldest person to climb Japan’s highest peak.
    • 1998 – Russell Eugene Weston Jr. bursts into the United States Capitol and opens fire killing two police officers. He is later ruled to be incompetent to stand trial.
    • 2001 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the last Tsar of Bulgaria when he was a child, is sworn in as Prime Minister of Bulgaria, becoming the first monarch in history to regain political power through democratic election to a different office.
    • 2001 – The Bandaranaike Airport attack is carried out by 14 Tamil Tiger commandos. Eleven civilian and military aircraft are destroyed and 15 are damaged. All 14 commandos are shot dead, while seven soldiers from the Sri Lanka Air Force are killed. In addition, three civilians and an engineer die. This incident slowed the Sri Lankan economy.
    • 2013 – A high-speed train derails in Spain rounding a curve with an 80 km/h (50 mph) speed limit at 190 km/h (120 mph), killing 78 passengers.
    • 2014 – Air Algérie Flight 5017 loses contact with air traffic controllers 50 minutes after takeoff. It was travelling between Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Algiers. The wreckage is later found in Mali. All 116 people onboard are killed.

    Births on July 24

    • 1242 – Christina von Stommeln, German Roman Catholic mystic, ecstatic, and stigmatic (d. 1312)
    • 1468 – Catherine of Saxony, Archduchess of Austria (d. 1524)
    • 1529 – Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (d. 1577)
    • 1561 – Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern (d. 1589)
    • 1574 – Thomas Platter the Younger, Swiss physician and author (d. 1628)
    • 1660 – Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (d. 1718)
    • 1689 – Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, son of Queen Anne of Great Britain and Prince George of Denmark (d. 1700)
    • 1725 – John Newton, English sailor and priest (d. 1807)
    • 1757 – Vladimir Borovikovsky, Ukrainian-Russian painter (d. 1825)
    • 1783 – Simón Bolívar, Venezuelan commander and politician, 2nd President of Venezuela (d. 1830)
    • 1786 – Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer (d. 1843)
    • 1794 – Johan Georg Forchhammer, Danish mineralogist and geologist (d. 1865)
    • 1802 – Alexandre Dumas, French novelist and playwright (d. 1870)
    • 1803 – Adolphe Adam, French composer and critic (d. 1856)
    • 1803 – Alexander J. Davis, American architect (d. 1892)
    • 1821 – William Poole, American boxer and gangster (d. 1855)
    • 1826 – Jan Gotlib Bloch, Polish theorist and activist (d. 1902)
    • 1851 – Friedrich Schottky, Polish-German mathematician and theorist (d. 1935)
    • 1856 – Émile Picard, French mathematician and academic (d. 1941)
    • 1857 – Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
    • 1857 – Juan Vicente Gómez, Venezuelan general and politician, 27th President of Venezuela (d. 1935)
    • 1860 – Princess Charlotte of Prussia (d. 1919)
    • 1860 – Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (d. 1939)
    • 1864 – Frank Wedekind, German actor and playwright (d. 1918)
    • 1867 – Vicente Acosta, Salvadoran journalist and poet (d. 1908)
    • 1867 – E. F. Benson, English archaeologist and author (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – Fred Tate, English cricketer and coach (d. 1943)
    • 1874 – Oswald Chambers, Scottish minister and author (d. 1917)
    • 1877 – Calogero Vizzini, Italian mob boss (d. 1954)
    • 1878 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, Irish author, poet, and playwright (d. 1957)
    • 1880 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer and educator (d. 1959)
    • 1884 – Maria Caserini, Italian actress (d. 1969)
    • 1886 – Jun’ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese author (d. 1965)
    • 1888 – Arthur Richardson, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 1973)
    • 1889 – Agnes Meyer Driscoll, American cryptanalyst (d. 1971)
    • 1895 – Robert Graves, English poet, novelist, critic (d. 1985)
    • 1897 – Amelia Earhart, American pilot and author (d. 1937)
    • 1899 – Chief Dan George, Canadian actor (d. 1981)
    • 1900 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author and poet (d. 1948)
    • 1904 – Leo Arnaud, French-American trombonist, composer, and conductor (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – Richard B. Morris, American historian and academic (d. 1989)
    • 1904 – Delmer Daves, American screenwriter, director and producer (d. 1977)
    • 1909 – John William Finn, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2010)
    • 1910 – Harry Horner, American director and production designer (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – Essie Summers, New Zealand author (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Britton Chance, American biologist and sailor (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Frances Oldham Kelsey, Canadian pharmacologist and physician (d. 2015)
    • 1914 – Ed Mirvish, American-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2007)
    • 1914 – Alan Waddell, Australian walker (d. 2008)
    • 1915 – Enrique Fernando, Filipino lawyer and jurist, 13th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – John D. MacDonald, American colonel and author (d. 1986)
    • 1917 – Robert Farnon, Canadian trumpet player, composer, and conductor (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Jack Moroney, Australian cricketer (d. 1999)
    • 1918 – Ruggiero Ricci, American violinist and educator (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Robert Marsden Hope, Australian lawyer and judge (d. 1999)
    • 1919 – Kenneth S. Kleinknecht, NASA manager (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – John Winkin, American baseball player, coach, and journalist (d. 2014)
    • 1920 – Bella Abzug, American lawyer and politician (d. 1998)
    • 1920 – Constance Dowling, American model and actress (d. 1969)
    • 1921 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian tenor and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Billy Taylor, American pianist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Madeleine Ferron, Canadian radio host and author (d. 2010)
    • 1924 – Wilfred Josephs, English composer (d. 1997)
    • 1924 – Aris Poulianos, Greek anthropologist and archaeologist
    • 1927 – Alex Katz, American painter and sculptor
    • 1927 – Zara Mints, Russian-Estonian philologist and academic (d. 1990)
    • 1930 – Alfred Balk, American journalist and author (d. 2010)
    • 1930 – Keshubhai Patel, Indian politician, 10th Chief Minister of Gujarat
    • 1931 – Ermanno Olmi, Italian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Éric Tabarly, French commander (d. 1998)
    • 1932 – Gustav Andreas Tammann, German astronomer and academic (d. 2019)
    • 1933 – Doug Sanders, American golfer (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – P. S. Soosaithasan, Sri Lankan accountant and politician (d. 2017)
    • 1935 – Aaron Elkins, American author and academic
    • 1935 – Pat Oliphant, Australian cartoonist
    • 1935 – Mel Ramos, American painter, illustrator, and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1935 – Les Reed, English pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2019)
    • 1935 – Derek Varnals, South African cricketer
    • 1936 – Ruth Buzzi, American actress and comedian
    • 1936 – Mark Goddard, American actor
    • 1937 – Manoj Kumar, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1937 – Quinlan Terry, English architect, designed the Brentwood Cathedral
    • 1938 – Alexis Jacquemin, Belgian economist and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1938 – Eugene J. Martin, American painter (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – John Sparling, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1939 – Walt Bellamy, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – David Simon, Baron Simon of Highbury, English businessman and politician
    • 1940 – Dan Hedaya, American actor
    • 1941 – John Bond, English banker and businessman
    • 1942 – Heinz, German-English singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2000)
    • 1942 – David Miner, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1942 – Chris Sarandon, American actor
    • 1944 – Jim Armstrong, Northern Irish guitarist
    • 1945 – Frank Close, English physicist and academic
    • 1945 – Azim Premji, Indian businessman and philanthropist
    • 1945 – Hugh Ross, Canadian-American astrophysicist and astronomer
    • 1945 – Anthony Watts, English geologist, geophysicist, and academic
    • 1946 – Gallagher, American comedian and actor
    • 1946 – Friedhelm Haebermann, German footballer and manager
    • 1946 – Hervé Vilard, French singer-songwriter
    • 1947 – Zaheer Abbas, Pakistani cricketer and manager
    • 1947 – Geoff McQueen, English screenwriter and producer (d. 1994)
    • 1947 – Peter Serkin, American pianist and educator
    • 1949 – Michael Richards, American actor and comedian
    • 1950 – Jadranka Stojaković, Yugoslav singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1951 – Lynda Carter, American actress
    • 1951 – Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury, English politician, Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
    • 1952 – Ian Cairns, Australian surfer
    • 1952 – Gus Van Sant, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1953 – Julian Brazier, English captain and politician
    • 1953 – Jon Faddis, American trumpet player, composer, and conductor
    • 1953 – Tadashi Kawamata, Japanese contemporary artist
    • 1953 – Claire McCaskill, American lawyer and politician
    • 1953 – James Newcome, English bishop
    • 1954 – Erdoğan Arıca, Turkish footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1954 – Jorge Jesus, Portuguese footballer and manager
    • 1955 – Brad Watson, American author and academic
    • 1956 – Charlie Crist, American lawyer and politician, 44th Governor of Florida
    • 1957 – Pam Tillis, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1958 – Jim Leighton, Scottish footballer and coach
    • 1960 – Catherine Destivelle, French rock climber and mountaineer
    • 1961 – Kerry Dixon, English footballer and manager
    • 1962 – Johnny O’Connell, American race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Louis Armary, French rugby player
    • 1963 – Karl Malone, American basketball player and coach
    • 1964 – Barry Bonds, American baseball player
    • 1964 – Pedro Passos Coelho, Portuguese economist and politician, 118th Prime Minister of Portugal
    • 1964 – Urmas Kaljend, Estonian footballer
    • 1964 – John Rosengren, American journalist and author
    • 1965 – Andrew Gaze, Australian basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Kadeem Hardison, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Doug Liman, American director and producer
    • 1966 – Mo-Do, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1966 – Aminatou Haidar, Sahrawi human rights activist
    • 1966 – Martin Keown, English footballer and coach
    • 1968 – Kristin Chenoweth, American actress and singer
    • 1968 – Colleen Doran, American author and illustrator
    • 1968 – Malcolm Ingram, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1968 – Laura Leighton, American actress
    • 1969 – Rick Fox, Bahamian basketball player
    • 1969 – Jennifer Lopez, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1971 – Dino Baggio, Italian footballer
    • 1971 – Patty Jenkins, American film director and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Kaiō Hiroyuki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1973 – Russell Bawden, Australian rugby league player
    • 1973 – Ana Cristina Oliveira, Portuguese model and actress
    • 1973 – Amanda Stretton, English race car driver and journalist
    • 1974 – Andy Gomarsall, English rugby player
    • 1975 – Tracey Crouch, English politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics
    • 1975 – Jamie Langenbrunner, American ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Torrie Wilson, American model, fitness competitor, actress and professional wrestler
    • 1975 – Eric Szmanda, American actor
    • 1976 – Rafer Alston, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Tiago Monteiro, Portuguese race car driver and manager
    • 1978 – Andy Irons, American surfer (d. 2010)
    • 1979 – Rose Byrne, Australian actress
    • 1979 – Jerrod Niemann, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – Valerio Scassellati, Italian race car driver
    • 1979 – Anne-Gaëlle Sidot, French tennis player
    • 1979 – Mark Andrew Smith, American author
    • 1979 – Ryan Speier, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Joel Stroetzel, American guitarist
    • 1981 – Doug Bollinger, Australian cricketer
    • 1981 – Summer Glau, American actress
    • 1981 – Mark Robinson, English footballer
    • 1982 – Trevor Matthews, Canadian actor and producer, founded Brookstreet Pictures
    • 1982 – Thiago Medeiros, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1982 – Mewelde Moore, American football player
    • 1982 – Elisabeth Moss, American actress
    • 1982 – Anna Paquin, Canadian-New Zealand actress
    • 1982 – Michael Poppmeier, South African-German rugby player
    • 1983 – Daniele De Rossi, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Asami Mizukawa, Japanese actress
    • 1984 – Patrick Harvey, Australian actor
    • 1984 – Tyler Kyte, Canadian singer and drummer
    • 1985 – Patrice Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Aries Merritt, American hurdler
    • 1985 – Lukáš Rosol, Czech tennis player
    • 1985 – Eric Wright, American football player
    • 1986 – Natalie Tran, Australian actress, online producer
    • 1987 – Filipe Francisco dos Santos, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Nathan Gerbe, American ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Zack Sabre Jr., English wrestler
    • 1988 – Han Seung-yeon, South Korean singer and dancer
    • 1988 – Nichkhun, Thai-American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1988 – Ricky Petterd, Australian footballer
    • 1989 – Maurkice Pouncey, American football player
    • 1989 – Kim Tae-hwan, South Korean footballer
    • 1990 – Daveigh Chase, American actress
    • 1990 – Travis Mahoney, Australian swimmer
    • 1991 – Manuel Fischnaller, Italian footballer
    • 1991 – Emily Bett Rickards, Canadian actress
    • 1992 – Mikaël Kingsbury, Canadian skier
    • 1992 – Mitch Grassi, American singer and songwriter
    • 1994 – Alejandra Álvarez, Ecuadorian tennis player
    • 1994 – Phillip Lindsay, American football player
    • 1995 – Valentine Holmes, Australian rugby league player
    • 1995 – Kyle Kuzma, American basketball player
    • 1995 – Meisei Chikara, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1997 – Emre Mor, Turkish football player
    • 2002 – Nicole Pircio, Brazilian rhythmic gymnast

    Deaths on July 24

    • 759 – Oswulf, king of Northumbria
    • 811 – Gao Ying, Chinese politician (b. 740)
    • 946 – Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid, Egyptian ruler (b. 882)
    • 1115 – Matilda of Tuscany (b. 1046)
    • 1129 – Emperor Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1053)
    • 1198 – Berthold of Hanover, Bishop of Livonia
    • 1345 – Jacob van Artevelde, Flemish statesman (b. 1290)
    • 1568 – Carlos, Prince of Asturias (b. 1545)
    • 1594 – John Boste, English martyr and saint (b. 1544)
    • 1601 – Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish painter (b. 1542)
    • 1612 – John Salusbury, Welsh politician and poet (b. 1567)
    • 1739 – Benedetto Marcello, Italian composer and educator (b. 1686)
    • 1768 – Nathaniel Lardner, English theologian and author (b. 1684)
    • 1862 – Martin Van Buren, American lawyer and politician, 8th President of the United States (b. 1782)
    • 1891 – Hermann Raster, German-American journalist and politician (b. 1827)
    • 1908 – Vicente Acosta, Salvadoran journalist and poet (b. 1867)
    • 1910 – Arkhip Kuindzhi, Ukrainian-Russian painter (b. 1841)
    • 1927 – Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese author (b. 1892)
    • 1957 – Sacha Guitry, French actor and director (b. 1885)
    • 1962 – Wilfrid Noyce, English mountaineer and author (b. 1917)
    • 1965 – Constance Bennett, American actress and producer (b. 1904)
    • 1966 – Tony Lema, American golfer (b. 1934)
    • 1969 – Witold Gombrowicz, Polish author and playwright (b. 1904)
    • 1970 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman, philanthropist, and civil servant (b. 1897)
    • 1974 – James Chadwick, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
    • 1980 – Peter Sellers, English actor and comedian (b. 1925)
    • 1985 – Ezechiele Ramin, Italian missionary and martyr (b. 1953)
    • 1986 – Fritz Albert Lipmann, German-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
    • 1986 – Qudrat Ullah Shahab, Pakistani civil servant and author (b. 1917)
    • 1991 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
    • 1992 – Arletty, French actress and singer (b. 1898)
    • 1992 – Sam Berger, Canadian lawyer and businessman (b. 1900)
    • 1994 – Helen Cordero, Cochiti Pueblo (Native American) Pueblo potter (b. 1915)
    • 1995 – George Rodger, English photographer and journalist (b. 1908)
    • 1996 – Alphonso Theodore Roberts, Vincentian cricketer and activist (b. 1937)
    • 1997 – William J. Brennan Jr., American colonel and jurist (b. 1906)
    • 1997 – Saw Maung, Burmese general and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1928)
    • 2000 – Ahmad Shamloo, Iranian poet and journalist (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (b. 1931)
    • 2005 – Richard Doll, English physiologist and epidemiologist (b. 1912)
    • 2007 – Albert Ellis, American psychologist and author (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Nicola Zaccaria, Greek opera singer (b. 1923)
    • 2008 – Norman Dello Joio, American pianist and composer (b. 1913)
    • 2011 – Frank Dietrich, German politician (b. 1966)
    • 2011 – Dan Peek, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1950)
    • 2011 – Harald Johnsen, Norwegian bassist and composer (b. 1970)
    • 2011 – David Servan-Schreiber, French physician, neuroscientist, and author (b. 1961)
    • 2011 – Skip Thomas, American football player (b. 1950)
    • 2012 – Chad Everett, American actor and director (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Sherman Hemsley, American actor and singer (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Larry Hoppen, American singer and guitarist (b. 1951)
    • 2012 – Robert Ledley, American physiologist and physicist, invented the CT scanner (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Themo Lobos, Chilean author and illustrator (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – John Atta Mills, Ghanaian lawyer and politician, a President of Ghana (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Gregorio Peces-Barba, Spanish jurist and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Garry Davis, American pilot and activist, created the World Passport (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Fred Dretske, American philosopher and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Virginia E. Johnson, American psychologist and sexologist (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Pius Langa, South African lawyer and jurist, 19th Chief Justice of South Africa (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Ik-Hwan Bae, Korean-American violinist and educator (b. 1956)
    • 2014 – Dale Schlueter, American basketball player (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Hans-Hermann Sprado, German journalist and author (b. 1956)
    • 2015 – Peg Lynch, American actress and screenwriter (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Ingrid Sischy, South African-American journalist and critic (b. 1952)
    • 2016 – Marni Nixon, American actress and singer (b. 1930)
    • 2017 – Harshida Raval, Indian Gujarati playback singer

    Holidays and observances on July 24

    • Carnival of Awussu (Tunisia)
    • Children’s Day (Vanuatu)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Charbel (Maronite Church/Catholic Church)
      • Christina the Astonishing
      • Christina of Bolsena
      • Declán of Ardmore
      • John Boste
      • Kinga (or Cunegunda) of Poland
      • Martyrs of Daimiel
      • Menefrida of Cornwall
      • Sigolena of Albi
      • July 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Pioneer Day (Utah)
    • Police Day (Poland)
    • Simón Bolívar Day (Ecuador, Venezuela, Colombia, and Bolivia)
      • Navy Day (Venezuela)

  • July 9- History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 491 – Odoacer makes a night assault with his Heruli guardsmen, engaging Theoderic the Great in Ad Pinetam. Both sides suffer heavy losses, but in the end Theodoric forces Odoacer back into Ravenna.
    • 551 – A major earthquake strikes Beirut, triggering a devastating tsunami that affected the coastal towns of Byzantine Phoenicia, causing thousands of deaths.
    • 660 – Korean forces under general Kim Yu-sin of Silla defeat the army of Baekje in the Battle of Hwangsanbeol.
    • 869 – The 8.4–9.0 Mw  Sanriku earthquake strikes the area around Sendai in northern Honshu, Japan. Inundation from the tsunami extended several kilometers inland.
    • 969 – The Fatimid general Jawhar leads the Friday prayer in Fustat in the name of Caliph al-Mu’izz li-Din Allah, thereby symbolically completing the Fatimid conquest of Egypt.
    • 1357 – Emperor Charles IV assists in laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague.
    • 1386 – The Old Swiss Confederacy makes great strides in establishing control over its territory by soundly defeating the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Sempach.
    • 1401 – Timur attacks the Jalairid Sultanate and destroys Baghdad.
    • 1540 – King Henry VIII of England annuls his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves.
    • 1572 – Nineteen Catholics suffer martyrdom for their beliefs in the Dutch town of Gorkum.
    • 1609 – Bohemia is granted freedom of religion through the Letter of Majesty by the Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolf II.
    • 1701 – A Bourbon force under Nicolas Catinat withdraws from a smaller Habsburg force under Prince Eugene of Savoy in the Battle of Carpi.
    • 1745 – French victory in the Battle of Melle allows them to capture Ghent in the days after.
    • 1755 – The Braddock Expedition is soundly defeated by a smaller French and Native American force in its attempt to capture Fort Duquesne in what is now downtown Pittsburgh.
    • 1762 – Catherine the Great becomes Empress of Russia following the coup against her husband, Peter III.
    • 1776 – George Washington orders the Declaration of Independence to be read out to members of the Continental Army in Manhattan, while thousands of British troops on Staten Island prepare for the Battle of Long Island.
    • 1789 – In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
    • 1790 – The Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian Baltic fleet.
    • 1793 – The Act Against Slavery in Upper Canada bans the importation of slaves and will free those who are born into slavery after the passage of the Act at 25 years of age.
    • 1807 – The Treaties of Tilsit are signed by Napoleon I of France and Alexander I of Russia.
    • 1810 – Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire.
    • 1811 – Explorer David Thompson posts a sign near what is now Sacajawea State Park in Washington state, claiming the Columbia District for the United Kingdom.
    • 1815 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord becomes the first Prime Minister of France.
    • 1816 – Argentina declares independence from Spain.
    • 1821 – Four hundred and seventy prominent Cypriots including Archbishop Kyprianos are executed in response to Cypriot aid to the Greek War of Independence.
    • 1850 – U.S. President Zachary Taylor dies after eating raw fruit and iced milk; he is succeeded in office by Vice President Millard Fillmore.
    • 1850 – Persian prophet Báb is executed in Tabriz, Persia.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: The Siege of Port Hudson ends, giving the Union complete control of the Mississippi River.
    • 1868 – The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
    • 1875 – The Herzegovina Uprising against Ottoman rule begins, which would last until 1878 and have far-reaching implications throughout the Balkans.
    • 1877 – The inaugural Wimbledon Championships begins.
    • 1893 – Daniel Hale Williams, American heart surgeon, performs the first successful open-heart surgery in United States without anesthesia.
    • 1896 – William Jennings Bryan delivers his Cross of Gold speech advocating bimetallism at the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
    • 1900 – The Federation of Australia is given royal assent.
    • 1900 – The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
    • 1918 – In Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express, killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
    • 1922 – Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds breaking the world swimming record and the ‘minute barrier’.
    • 1932 – The state of São Paulo revolts against the Brazilian Federal Government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution.
    • 1937 – The silent film archives of Fox Film Corporation are destroyed by the 1937 Fox vault fire.
    • 1943 – World War II: The Allied invasion of Sicily soon causes the downfall of Mussolini and forces Hitler to break off the Battle of Kursk.
    • 1944 – World War II: American forces take Saipan, bringing the Japanese archipelago within range of B-29 raids, and causing the downfall of the Tojo government.
    • 1944 – World War II: Continuation War: Finland wins the Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in northern Europe. The Red Army withdraws its troops from Ihantala and digs into a defensive position, thus ending the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive.
    • 1955 – The Russell–Einstein Manifesto calls for a reduction of the risk of nuclear warfare.
    • 1956 – The 7.7 Mw  Amorgos earthquake shakes the Cyclades island group in the Aegean Sea with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The shaking and the destructive tsunami that followed left fifty-three people dead. A damaging M7.2 aftershock occurred minutes after the mainshock.
    • 1958 – A 7.8 Mw  strike-slip earthquake in Alaska causes a landslide that produces a megatsunami. The runup from the waves reached 525 m (1,722 ft) on the rim of Lituya Bay; five people were killed.
    • 1962 – Starfish Prime tests the effects of a nuclear test at orbital altitudes.
    • 1979 – A car bomb destroys a Renault motor car owned by “Nazi hunters” Serge and Beate Klarsfeld outside their home in France in an unsuccessful assassination attempt.
    • 1982 – Pan Am Flight 759 crashes in Kenner, Louisiana, killing all 145 people on board and eight others on the ground.
    • 1986 – The New Zealand Parliament passes the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalising homosexuality in New Zealand.
    • 1993 – The Parliament of Canada passes the Nunavut Act leading to the 1999 creation of Nunavut, dividing the Northwest Territories into arctic (Inuit) and sub-arctic (Dene) lands based on a plebiscite.
    • 1995 – The Navaly church bombing is carried out by the Sri Lanka Air Force killing 125 Tamil civilian refugees.
    • 1999 – Days of student protests begin after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory at the University of Tehran.
    • 2002 – The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, replacing the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The organization’s first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa.
    • 2006 – One hundred and twenty-five people are killed when S7 Airlines Flight 778, an Airbus A310 passenger jet, veers off the runway while landing in wet conditions at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia.
    • 2011 – South Sudan gains independence and secedes from Sudan.

    Births on July 9

    • 1249 – Emperor Kameyama of Japan (d. 1305)
    • 1455 – Frederick IV of Baden, Dutch bishop (d. 1517)
    • 1511 – Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. 1571)
    • 1526 – Elizabeth of Austria, Polish noble (d. 1545)
    • 1577 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English-American soldier and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (d. 1618)
    • 1578 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1637)
    • 1654 – Emperor Reigen of Japan (d. 1732)
    • 1686 – Philip Livingston, American merchant and politician (d. 1749)
    • 1689 – Alexis Piron, French epigrammatist and playwright (d. 1773)
    • 1721 – Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet and author (d. 1781)
    • 1753 – William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, English admiral and politician, 34th Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1825)
    • 1764 – Ann Ward, English author and poet (d. 1823)
    • 1775 – Matthew Lewis, English author and playwright (d. 1818)
    • 1800 – Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, German physician, pathologist, and anatomist (d. 1885)
    • 1808 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and colonel (d. 1887)
    • 1819 – Elias Howe, American inventor, invented the sewing machine (d. 1867)
    • 1825 – A. C. Gibbs, American lawyer and politician, 2nd Governor of Oregon (d. 1886)
    • 1828 – Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian cardinal (d. 1913)
    • 1834 – Jan Neruda, Czech journalist and poet (d. 1891)
    • 1836 – Camille of Renesse-Breidbach (d. 1904)
    • 1848 – Robert I, Duke of Parma (d. 1907)
    • 1853 – William Turner Dannat, American painter (d. 1929)
    • 1856 – John Verran, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of South Australia (d. 1932)
    • 1858 – Franz Boas, German-American anthropologist and linguist (d. 1942)
    • 1867 – Georges Lecomte, French author and playwright (d. 1958)
    • 1879 – Carlos Chagas, Brazilian physician and parasitologist (d. 1934)
    • 1879 – Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer and conductor (d. 1936)
    • 1887 – James Ormsbee Chapin, American-Canadian painter and illustrator (d. 1975)
    • 1887 – Saturnino Herrán, Mexican painter (d. 1918)
    • 1887 – Samuel Eliot Morison, American admiral and historian (d. 1976)
    • 1889 – Léo Dandurand, American-Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and referee (d. 1964)
    • 1893 – George Geary, English cricketer and coach (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Barbara Cartland, prolific English author (d. 2000)
    • 1902 – Peter Acland, English soldier (d. 1993)
    • 1905 – Clarence Campbell, Canadian ice hockey player and referee (d. 1984)
    • 1907 – Eddie Dean, American singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1908 – Allamah Rasheed Turabi, Pakistani philosopher and scholar (d. 1973)
    • 1908 – Minor White, American photographer, critic, and educator (d. 1976)
    • 1909 – Basil Wolverton, American author and illustrator (d. 1978)
    • 1910 – Govan Mbeki, South African anti-apartheid and ANC leader and activist (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – Mervyn Peake, English author and illustrator (d. 1968)
    • 1911 – John Archibald Wheeler, American physicist and author (d. 2008)
    • 1914 – Willi Stoph, German engineer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of East Germany (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Mac Wilson, Australian rules footballer (d. 2017)
    • 1915 – David Diamond, American composer and educator (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Lee Embree, American sergeant and photographer (d. 2008)
    • 1916 – Dean Goffin, New Zealand composer (d. 1984)
    • 1916 – Edward Heath, English colonel and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Krystyna Dańko, Polish orphan, survivor of Holocaust (d. 2019)
    • 1918 – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn, Dutch mathematician and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1918 – Jarl Wahlström, Finnish 12th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – David C. Jones, American general (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Angelines Fernández, Spanish-Mexican actress (d. 1994)
    • 1922 – Jim Pollard, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)
    • 1924 – Pierre Cochereau, French organist and composer (d. 1984)
    • 1925 – Guru Dutt, Indian actor, director, and producer (d. 1964)
    • 1925 – Charles E. Wicks, American engineer, author, and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Ronald I. Spiers, American ambassador
    • 1926 – Murphy Anderson, American illustrator (d. 2015)
    • 1926 – Ben Roy Mottelson, American-Danish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1926 – Pedro Dellacha, Argentine football defender and coach (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Mathilde Krim, Italian-American medical researcher and health educator (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Ed Ames, American singer and actor
    • 1927 – Red Kelly, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1928 – Federico Bahamontes, Spanish cyclist
    • 1928 – Vince Edwards, American actor, singer, and director (d. 1996)
    • 1929 – Lee Hazlewood, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Jesse McReynolds, American singer and mandolin player
    • 1929 – Chi Haotian, Chinese general
    • 1929 – Hassan II of Morocco (d. 1999)
    • 1930 – K. Balachander, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Buddy Bregman, American composer and conductor (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Janice Lourie, American computer scientist and graphic artist
    • 1930 – Elsa Lystad, Norwegian actress
    • 1930 – Roy McLean, South African cricketer and rugby player (d. 2007)
    • 1931 – Haynes Johnson, American journalist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Sylvia Bacon, American judge
    • 1932 – Donald Rumsfeld, American captain and politician, 13th United States Secretary of Defense
    • 1932 – Amitzur Shapira, Israeli sprinter and long jumper (d. 1972)
    • 1933 – Oliver Sacks, English-American neurologist, author, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1934 – Michael Graves, American architect, designed the Portland Building and the Humana Building (d. 2015)
    • 1935 – Wim Duisenberg, Dutch economist and politician, Dutch Minister of Finance (d. 2005)
    • 1935 – Mercedes Sosa, Argentinian singer and activist (d. 2009)
    • 1935 – Michael Williams, English actor (d. 2001)
    • 1936 – June Jordan, American poet and educator (d. 2002)
    • 1936 – David Zinman, American violinist and conductor
    • 1937 – David Hockney, English painter and photographer
    • 1938 – Brian Dennehy, American actor (d. 2020)
    • 1938 – Sanjeev Kumar, Indian film actor (d. 1985)
    • 1940 – David B. Frohnmayer, American lawyer and politician, 12th Oregon Attorney General (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Eugene Victor Wolfenstein, American psychoanalyst and theorist (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Mac MacLeod, English musician
    • 1942 – David Chidgey, Baron Chidgey, English engineer and politician
    • 1942 – Richard Roundtree, American actor
    • 1943 – John Casper, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1944 – Judith M. Brown, Indian-English historian and academic
    • 1944 – John Cunniff, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2002)
    • 1945 – Dean Koontz, American author and screenwriter
    • 1945 – Root Boy Slim, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1993)
    • 1946 – Bon Scott, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter (d. 1980)
    • 1947 – Haruomi Hosono, Japanese singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1947 – Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (d. 2008)
    • 1947 – O. J. Simpson, American football player and actor
    • 1947 – Patrick Wormald, English historian (d. 2004)
    • 1948 – Hassan Wirajuda, Indonesian lawyer and politician, 15th Indonesian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1949 – Raoul Cédras, Haitian military officer and politician
    • 1950 – Amal ibn Idris al-Alami, Moroccan physician and neurosurgeon
    • 1950 – Adriano Panatta, Italian tennis player and sailor
    • 1950 – Viktor Yanukovych, Ukrainian engineer and politician, 4th President of Ukraine
    • 1951 – Chris Cooper, American actor
    • 1951 – Māris Gailis, Latvian politician, businessman, and former Prime Minister of Latvia
    • 1952 – John Tesh, American pianist, composer, and radio and television host
    • 1953 – Margie Gillis, Canadian dancer and choreographer
    • 1953 – Thomas Ligotti, American author
    • 1954 – Théophile Abega, Cameroonian footballer and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1954 – Kevin O’Leary, Canadian journalist and businessman
    • 1955 – Steve Coppell, English footballer and manager
    • 1955 – Lindsey Graham, American colonel, lawyer, and politician
    • 1955 – Jimmy Smits, American actor and producer
    • 1955 – Willie Wilson, American baseball player and manager
    • 1956 – Tom Hanks, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Michael Lederer, American author, poet, and playwright
    • 1957 – Marc Almond, English singer-songwriter
    • 1957 – Tim Kring, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1957 – Kelly McGillis, American actress
    • 1957 – Paul Merton, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
    • 1958 – Abdul Latiff Ahmad, Malaysian politician
    • 1958 – Jacob Joseph, Malaysian football coach
    • 1959 – Jim Kerr, Scottish singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1959 – Kevin Nash, American wrestler
    • 1959 – Clive Stafford Smith, English lawyer and author
    • 1960 – Yūko Asano, Japanese actress and singer
    • 1960 – Wally Fullerton Smith, Australian rugby league player
    • 1960 – Eduardo Montes-Bradley, Argentinian journalist, photographer, and author
    • 1963 – Klaus Theiss, German footballer
    • 1964 – Courtney Love, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1964 – Gianluca Vialli, Italian footballer and coach
    • 1965 – Frank Bello, American bass player
    • 1965 – Thomas Jahn, German director and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Jason Rhoades, American sculptor (d. 2006)
    • 1966 – Pamela Adlon, American actress and voice artist
    • 1966 – Zheng Cao, Chinese-American soprano and actress (d. 2013)
    • 1966 – Gary Glasberg, American television writer and producer (d. 2016)
    • 1966 – Marco Pennette, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1967 – Gunnar Axén, Swedish politician
    • 1967 – Yordan Letchkov, Bulgarian footballer
    • 1967 – Mark Stoops, American football player and coach
    • 1968 – Paolo Di Canio, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Lars Gyllenhaal, Swedish historian and author
    • 1969 – Nicklas Barker, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1969 – Jason Kearton, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1970 – Trent Green, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1970 – Masami Tsuda, Japanese author and illustrator
    • 1971 – Marc Andreessen, American software developer, co-founded Netscape
    • 1972 – Ara Babajian, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1973 – Kelly Holcomb, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Siân Berry, English environmentalist and politician
    • 1974 – Ian Bradshaw, Barbadian cricketer
    • 1974 – Gary Kelly, Irish footballer
    • 1974 – Nikola Šarčević, Swedish singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1975 – Shelton Benjamin, American wrestler
    • 1975 – Isaac Brock, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Robert Koenig, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1975 – Craig Quinnell, Welsh rugby player
    • 1975 – Jack White, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1976 – Thomas Cichon, Polish-German footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Fred Savage, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1976 – Radike Samo, Fijian-Australian rugby player
    • 1978 – Kara Goucher, American runner
    • 1978 – Nuno Santos, Portuguese footballer
    • 1979 – Gary Chaw, Malaysian Chinese singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Lee Chun-soo, South Korean footballer
    • 1981 – Junauda Petrus, American author and performance artist
    • 1982 – Alecko Eskandarian, American soccer player and manager
    • 1982 – Sakon Yamamoto, Japanese race car driver
    • 1984 – Chris Campoli, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Gianni Fabiano, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Jacob Hoggard, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1984 – Ave Pajo, Estonian footballer
    • 1984 – Piia Suomalainen, Finnish tennis player
    • 1984 – LA Tenorio, Filipino basketball player
    • 1985 – Paweł Korzeniowski, Polish swimmer
    • 1985 – Ashley Young, English footballer
    • 1986 – Sébastien Bassong, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1986 – Simon Dumont, American skier
    • 1986 – Kiely Williams, American singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1987 – Gert Jõeäär, Estonian cyclist
    • 1987 – Rebecca Sugar, American animator, composer, and screenwriter
    • 1988 – Raul Rusescu, Romanian footballer
    • 1990 – Earl Bamber, New Zealand race car driver
    • 1990 – Fábio, Brazilian footballer
    • 1990 – Rafael, Brazilian footballer
    • 1991 – Mitchel Musso, American actor and singer
    • 1993 – Mitch Larkin, Australian swimmer
    • 1993 – DeAndre Yedlin, American footballer
    • 1999 – Claire Corlett, American voice actress

    Deaths on July 9

    • 230 – Empress Dowager Bian, Cao Cao’s wife (b. 159)
    • 518 – Anastasius I Dicorus, Byzantine emperor (b. 430)
    • 715 – Naga, Japanese prince
    • 880 – Ariwara no Narihira, Japanese poet (b. 825)
    • 981 – Ramiro Garcés, king of Viguera
    • 1169 – Guido of Ravenna, Italian cartographer, entomologist and historian
    • 1228 – Stephen Langton, English cardinal and theologian (b. 1150)
    • 1270 – Stephen Báncsa, Hungarian cardinal (b. c. 1205)
    • 1386 – Leopold III, Duke of Austria (b. 1351)
    • 1441 – Jan van Eyck, Dutch painter
    • 1546 – Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell, Scottish statesman (b. c. 1493)
    • 1553 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (b. 1521)
    • 1654 – Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans (b. 1633)
    • 1706 – Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville, Canadian captain and explorer (b. 1661)
    • 1737 – Gian Gastone de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1671)
    • 1742 – John Oldmixon, English historian, poet, and playwright (b. 1673)
    • 1746 – Philip V of Spain (b. 1683)
    • 1747 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (b. 1670)
    • 1766 – Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (b. 1720)
    • 1795 – Henry Seymour Conway, English general and politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department (b. 1721)
    • 1797 – Edmund Burke, Irish-English philosopher, academic, and politician (b. 1729)
    • 1828 – Cathinka Buchwieser, German operatic singer and actress (b. 1789)
    • 1850 – Báb, Persian religious leader, founded Bábism (b. 1819)
    • 1850 – Zachary Taylor, American general and politician, 12th President of the United States (b. 1784)
    • 1852 – Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan, American lawyer and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior (b. 1794)
    • 1856 – Amedeo Avogadro, Italian chemist and academic (b. 1776)
    • 1856 – James Strang, American religious leader and politician (b. 1813)
    • 1880 – Paul Broca, French physician and anatomist (b. 1824)
    • 1882 – Ignacio Carrera Pinto, Chilean captain (b. 1848)
    • 1903 – Alphonse François Renard, Belgian geologist and photographer (b. 1842)
    • 1927 – John Drew, Jr., American actor (b. 1853)
    • 1932 – King Camp Gillette, American businessman, founded the Gillette Company (b. 1855)
    • 1937 – Oliver Law, American commander (b. 1899)
    • 1938 – Benjamin N. Cardozo, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1870)
    • 1947 – Lucjan Żeligowski, Polish-Lithuanian general and politician (b. 1865)
    • 1949 – Fritz Hart, English-Australian composer and conductor (b. 1874)
    • 1951 – Harry Heilmann, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1894)
    • 1955 – Don Beauman, English race car driver (b. 1928)
    • 1955 – Adolfo de la Huerta, Mexican politician and provisional president, 1920 (b. 1881)
    • 1959 – Ferenc Talányi, Slovene journalist and painter (b. 1883)
    • 1962 – Georges Bataille, French philosopher, novelist, and poet (b. 1897)
    • 1961 – Whittaker Chambers, American spy and witness in Hiss case(b. 1901)
    • 1967 – Eugen Fischer, German physician and academic (b. 1874)
    • 1967 – Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani dentist and politician (b. 1893)
    • 1970 – Sigrid Holmquist, Swedish actress (b. 1899)
    • 1971 – Karl Ast, Estonian author and politician (b. 1886)
    • 1972 – Robert Weede, American opera singer (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Earl Warren, American jurist and politician, 14th Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1891)
    • 1977 – Alice Paul, American activist (b. 1885)
    • 1979 – Cornelia Otis Skinner, American actress and author (b. 1899)
    • 1980 – Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet, playwright, and composer (b. 1913)
    • 1984 – Edna Ernestine Kramer, American mathematician (b. 1902)
    • 1985 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1896)
    • 1985 – Jimmy Kinnon, Scottish-American activist, founded Narcotics Anonymous (b. 1911)
    • 1986 – Patriarch Nicholas VI of Alexandria (b. 1915)
    • 1992 – Kelvin Coe, Australian ballet dancer (b. 1946)
    • 1992 – Eric Sevareid, American journalist (b. 1912)
    • 1993 – Metin Altıok, Turkish poet and educator (b. 1940)
    • 1994 – Bill Mosienko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
    • 1996 – Melvin Belli, American lawyer (b. 1907)
    • 1999 – Robert de Cotret, Canadian politician, 56th Secretary of State for Canada (b. 1944)
    • 2000 – Doug Fisher, English actor (b. 1941)
    • 2002 – Mayo Kaan, American bodybuilder (b. 1914)
    • 2002 – Rod Steiger, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 2004 – Paul Klebnikov, American journalist and historian (b. 1963)
    • 2004 – Isabel Sanford, American actress (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Chuck Cadman, Canadian engineer and politician (b. 1948)
    • 2005 – Yevgeny Grishin, Russian speed skater (b. 1931)
    • 2005 – Alex Shibicky, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1914)
    • 2006 – Milan Williams, American keyboard player and producer (b. 1948)
    • 2007 – Charles Lane, American actor (b. 1905)
    • 2008 – Séamus Brennan, Irish accountant and politician, Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport (b. 1948)
    • 2010 – Jessica Anderson, Australian author and playwright (b. 1916)
    • 2011 – Don Ackerman, American basketball player (b. 1930)
    • 2011 – Facundo Cabral, Argentinian singer-songwriter (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Shin Jae-chul, South Korean-American martial artist (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Chick King, American baseball player (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Terepai Maoate, Cook Islander physician and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Eugênio Sales, Brazilian cardinal (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Markus Büchel, Liechtensteiner politician, 9th Prime Minister of Liechtenstein (b. 1959)
    • 2013 – Andrew Nori, Solomon lawyer and politician (b. 1952)
    • 2013 – Kiril of Varna, Bulgarian metropolitan (b. 1954)
    • 2013 – Barbara Robinson, American author and poet (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Toshi Seeger, American activist, co-founded the Clearwater Festival (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Lorenzo Álvarez Florentín, Paraguayan violinist and composer (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – David Azrieli, Polish-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Eileen Ford, American businesswoman, co-founded Ford Models (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – John Spinks, English guitarist and songwriter (b. 1953)
    • 2015 – Christian Audigier, French fashion designer (b. 1958)
    • 2015 – Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi Arabian economist and politician, Saudi Arabian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1940)
    • 2019 – William E. Dannemeyer, American politician (b. 1929)
    • 2019 – Ross Perot, American businessman and politician (b. 1930)
    • 2019 – Fernando de la Rúa, 43rd President of Argentina (b. 1937)
    • 2019 – Rip Torn, American actor (b. 1931)
    • 2019 – Freddie Jones, English actor (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on July 9

    • Arbor Day (Cambodia)
    • Christian Feast Day:
      • Agilulfus of Cologne
      • Amandina of Schakkebroek (one of Martyrs of Southern Hunan)
      • Blessed Marija Petković
      • Everilda
      • Gregorio Grassi (one of Martyrs of Shanxi)
      • Martyr Saints of China
      • Martyrs of Gorkum
      • Our Lady of Itatí
      • Our Lady of Peace, Octave of the Visitation
      • Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá
      • Pauline of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus
      • Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury (Anglican commemoration)
      • Veronica Giuliani
      • July 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Australia)
    • Constitution Day (Palau)
    • Constitutionalist Revolution Day (São Paulo)
    • Day of the Employees of the Diplomatic Service (Azerbaijan)
    • Earliest day on which Martyrdom of the Báb can fall, while July 10 is the latest; observed on the 17th of Raḥmat (Bahá’í Faith)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the declaration of independence of the United Provinces of South America by the Congress of Tucumán in 1816. (Argentina)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of South Sudan from Sudan in 2011.
    • Nunavut Day (Nunavut)

  • June 28 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
    • 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
    • 1461 – Edward, Earl of March, is crowned King Edward IV of England.
    • 1519 – Charles V is elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
    • 1575 – Sengoku period of Japan: The combined forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu are victorious in the Battle of Nagashino.
    • 1635 – Guadeloupe becomes a French colony.
    • 1651 – The Battle of Berestechko between Poland and Ukraine starts.
    • 1709 – Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava.
    • 1745 – A New England colonial army captures the French fortifications at Louisbourg (New Style).
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Sullivan’s Island ends with the American victory, leading to the commemoration of Carolina Day.
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington, is hanged for mutiny and sedition.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: The American Continentals engage the British in the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse resulting in standstill and British withdrawal under cover of darkness.
    • 1797 – French troops disembark in Corfu, beginning the French rule in the Ionian Islands.
    • 1807 – Second British invasion of the Río de la Plata; John Whitelocke lands at Ensenada on an attempt to recapture Buenos Aires and is defeated by the locals.
    • 1838 – Coronation of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
    • 1841 – The Paris Opera Ballet premieres Giselle in the Salle Le Peletier.
    • 1846 – Adolphe Sax patents the saxophone.
    • 1855 – Sigma Chi fraternity is founded in North America.
    • 1859 – The first conformation dog show is held in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
    • 1865 – The Army of the Potomac is disbanded.
    • 1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is captured at Glenrowan.
    • 1881 – The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
    • 1882 – The Anglo-French Convention of 1882 marks the territorial boundaries between Guinea and Sierra Leone.
    • 1894 – Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
    • 1895 – The United States Court of Private Land Claims rules James Reavis’s claim to Barony of Arizona is “wholly fictitious and fraudulent.”
    • 1896 – An explosion in the Newton Coal Company’s Twin Shaft Mine in Pittston, Pennsylvania results in a massive cave-in that kills 58 miners.
    • 1902 – The U.S. Congress passes the Spooner Act, authorizing President Theodore Roosevelt to acquire rights from Colombia for the Panama Canal.
    • 1904 – The SS Norge runs aground on Hasselwood Rock in the North Atlantic 430 kilometres (270 mi) northwest of Ireland. More than 635 people die during the sinking.
    • 1911 – The Nakhla meteorite, the first one to suggest signs of aqueous processes on Mars, falls to Earth, landing in Egypt.
    • 1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo; this is the casus belli of World War I.
    • 1917 – World War I: Greece joins the Allied powers.
    • 1919 – The Treaty of Versailles is signed, ending the state of war between Germany and the Allies of World War I.
    • 1921 – Serbian King Alexander I proclaims the new constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, known thereafter as the Vidovdan Constitution.
    • 1922 – The Irish Civil War begins with the shelling of the Four Courts in Dublin by Free State forces.
    • 1926 – Mercedes-Benz is formed by Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz merging their two companies.
    • 1936 – The Japanese puppet state of Mengjiang is formed in northern China.
    • 1940 – Romania cedes Bessarabia (current-day Moldova) to the Soviet Union after facing an ultimatum.
    • 1942 – World War II: Nazi Germany starts its strategic summer offensive against the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue.
    • 1945 – Poland’s Soviet-allied Provisional Government of National Unity is formed over a month after V-E Day.
    • 1948 – Cold War: The Tito–Stalin Split results in the expulsion of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia from the Cominform.
    • 1948 – Boxer Dick Turpin beats Vince Hawkins at Villa Park in Birmingham to become the first black British boxing champion in the modern era.
    • 1950 – Korean War: Suspected communist sympathizers (between 60,000 to 200,000) are executed in the Bodo League massacre.
    • 1950 – Korean War: Packed with its own refugees fleeing Seoul and leaving their 5th Division stranded, South Korean forces blow up the Hangang Bridge in an attempt to slow North Korea’s offensive. The city falls later that day.
    • 1950 – Korean War: North Korean Army conducts the Seoul National University Hospital massacre.
    • 1956 – in Poznań, workers from HCP factory go to the streets, sparking one of the first major protests against communist government both in Poland and Europe.
    • 1964 – Malcolm X forms the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
    • 1969 – Stonewall riots begin in New York City, marking the start of the Gay Rights Movement.
    • 1973 – Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.
    • 1976 – The Angolan court sentences US and UK mercenaries to death sentences and prison terms in the Luanda Trial.
    • 1978 – The United States Supreme Court, in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke bars quota systems in college admissions.
    • 1981 – A powerful bomb explodes in Tehran, killing 73 officials of the Islamic Republican Party.
    • 1987 – For the first time in military history, a civilian population is targeted for chemical attack when Iraqi warplanes bombed the Iranian town of Sardasht.
    • 1989 – On the 600th anniversary of the Battle of Kosovo, Slobodan Milošević delivers the Gazimestan speech at the site of the historic battle.
    • 1997 – Holyfield–Tyson II: Mike Tyson is disqualified in the third round for biting a piece off Evander Holyfield’s ear.
    • 2001 – Slobodan Milošević is extradited to the ICTY in The Hague to stand trial.
    • 2004 – Iraq War: Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the U.S.-led rule of that nation.
    • 2009 – Honduran president Manuel Zelaya is ousted by a local military coup following a failed request to hold a referendum to rewrite the Honduran Constitution. This was the start of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis.
    • 2016 – A terrorist attack in Turkey’s Istanbul Atatürk Airport kills 42 people and injures more than 230 others.

    Births on June 28

    • 751 – Carloman I, king of the Franks (d. 771)
    • 1243 – Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan (d. 1304)
    • 1444 – Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus (d. 1487)
    • 1476 – Pope Paul IV (d. 1559)
    • 1490 – Albert of Brandenburg, German archbishop (d. 1545)
    • 1491 – Henry VIII of England (d. 1547)
    • 1503 – Giovanni della Casa, Italian author and poet (d. 1556)
    • 1547 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1599)
    • 1557 – Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (d. 1595)
    • 1560 – Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (d. 1657)
    • 1573 – Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby, English noble (d. 1644)
    • 1577 – Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter and diplomat (d. 1640)
    • 1582 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English politician (d. 1662)
    • 1604 – Heinrich Albert, German composer and poet (d. 1651)
    • 1641 – Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d’Arquien, consort to King John III Sobieski (d. 1716)
    • 1653 – Muhammad Azam Shah, Mughal emperor (d. 1707)
    • 1703 – John Wesley, English cleric and theologian (d. 1791)
    • 1712 – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher and polymath (d. 1778)
    • 1719 – Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French general and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1785)
    • 1734 – Jean-Jacques Beauvarlet-Charpentier, French organist and composer (d. 1794)
    • 1742 – William Hooper, American physician, lawyer, and politician (d. 1790)
    • 1824 – Paul Broca, French physician, anatomist, and anthropologist (d. 1880)
    • 1825 – Emil Erlenmeyer, German chemist (d. 1909)
    • 1831 – Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1907)
    • 1836 – Emmanuel Rhoides, Greek journalist and author (d. 1904)
    • 1844 – John Boyle O’Reilly, Irish-born poet, journalist and fiction writer (d. 1890)
    • 1852 – Charles Cruft, English showman, founded Crufts Dog Show (d. 1938)
    • 1867 – Luigi Pirandello, Italian dramatist, novelist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1936)
    • 1873 – Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1944)
    • 1875 – Henri Lebesgue, French mathematician and academic (d. 1941)
    • 1879 – Wilhelm Steinkopf, German chemist (d. 1949)
    • 1880 – John Meyers, American swimmer and water polo player (d. 1971)
    • 1883 – Pierre Laval, French soldier and politician, 101st Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)
    • 1884 – Lamina Sankoh, Sierra Leonean banker and politician (d. 1964)
    • 1888 – George Challenor, Barbadian cricketer (d. 1947)
    • 1888 – Stefi Geyer, Hungarian violinist and educator (d. 1956)
    • 1891 – Esther Forbes, American historian and author (d. 1968)
    • 1891 – Carl Spaatz, American general (d. 1974)
    • 1892 – Carl Panzram, American serial killer (d. 1930)
    • 1893 – August Zamoyski, Polish-French sculptor (d. 1970)
    • 1894 – Francis Hunter, American tennis player (d. 1981)
    • 1902 – Richard Rodgers, American playwright and composer (d. 1979)
    • 1906 – Maria Goeppert Mayer, Polish-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)
    • 1907 – Jimmy Mundy, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1907 – Yvonne Sylvain, First female Haitian physician (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Eric Ambler, English author and screenwriter (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – Franz Antel, Austrian director and producer (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – George Lloyd, English soldier and composer (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Walter Oesau, German colonel and pilot (d. 1944)
    • 1914 – Aribert Heim, Austrian SS physician and Nazi war criminal (d. 1992)
    • 1917 – A. E. Hotchner, American author and playwright (d. 2020)
    • 1918 – William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw, Scottish-English politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1999)
    • 1919 – Joseph P. Lordi, American government official (d. 1983)
    • 1920 – Clarissa Eden, Spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    • 1921 – P. V. Narasimha Rao, Indian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of India (d. 2004)
    • 1922 – Hans Frauenfelder, American physicist and biophysicist
    • 1923 – Pete Candoli, American trumpet player (d. 2008)
    • 1923 – Adolfo Schwelm Cruz, Argentinian racing driver (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – Gaye Stewart, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – George Booth, American cartoonist
    • 1926 – Mel Brooks, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1926 – Robert Ledley, American academic and inventor (d. 2012)
    • 1927 – Correlli Barnett, English historian and author
    • 1927 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Hans Blix, Swedish politician and diplomat, 33rd Swedish Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1928 – Patrick Hemingway, American writer
    • 1928 – Harold Evans, English-American historian and journalist
    • 1928 – Peter Heine, South African cricketer (d. 2005)
    • 1928 – Cyril Smith, English politician (d. 2010)
    • 1929 – Alfred Miodowicz, Polish politician
    • 1930 – William C. Campbell, Irish-American biologist and parasitologist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1930 – Itamar Franco, Brazilian engineer and politician, 33rd President of Brazil (d. 2011)
    • 1930 – Jack Gold, English director and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Hans Alfredson, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1931 – Junior Johnson, American race car driver (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Lucien Victor, Belgian cyclist (d. 1995)
    • 1932 – Pat Morita, American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1933 – Gusty Spence, Northern Irish loyalist and politician (d. 2011)
    • 1934 – Robert Carswell, Baron Carswell, Northern Irish lawyer and judge, Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland
    • 1934 – Roy Gilchrist, Jamaican cricketer (d. 2001)
    • 1934 – Bette Greene, American journalist and author
    • 1934 – Carl Levin, American lawyer and politician
    • 1934 – Georges Wolinski, Tunisian-French journalist and cartoonist (d. 2015)
    • 1935 – John Inman, English actor (d. 2007)
    • 1936 – Chuck Howley, American football player
    • 1937 – George Knudson, Canadian golfer (d. 1989)
    • 1937 – Fernand Labrie, Canadian endocrinologist and academic
    • 1937 – Ron Luciano, American baseball player and umpire (d. 1995)
    • 1938 – John Byner, American actor and comedian
    • 1938 – Leon Panetta, American lawyer and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of Defense
    • 1938 – S. Sivamaharajah, Sri Lankan Tamil newspaper publisher and politician (d. 2006)
    • 1938 – Simon Douglas-Pennant, 7th Baron Penrhyn, British baron
    • 1939 – Klaus Schmiegel, German chemist
    • 1940 – Karpal Singh, Malaysian lawyer and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1940 – Muhammad Yunus, Bangladeshi economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – Al Downing, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1941 – Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist and academic, developed the OBJ language (d. 2006)
    • 1941 – David Johnston, Canadian academic, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor General of Canada
    • 1942 – Chris Hani, South African politician (d. 1993)
    • 1942 – Hans-Joachim Walde, German decathlete (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Frank Zane, American professional bodybuilder and author
    • 1943 – Jens Birkemose, Danish painter
    • 1943 – Donald Johanson, American paleontologist and academic
    • 1943 – Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1945 – Ken Buchanan, Scottish boxer
    • 1945 – David Knights, English bass player and producer
    • 1945 – Raul Seixas, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1989)
    • 1945 – Türkan Şoray, Turkish actress, director, and screenwriter
    • 1946 – Robert Asprin, American soldier and author (d. 2008)
    • 1946 – Bruce Davison, American actor and director
    • 1946 – David Duckham, English rugby player
    • 1946 – Robert Xavier Rodríguez, American classical composer
    • 1946 – Jaime Guzmán, Chilean lawyer and politician (d. 1991)
    • 1946 – Gilda Radner, American actress and comedian (d. 1989)
    • 1947 – Mark Helprin, American novelist and journalist
    • 1947 – Laura Tyson, American economist and academic
    • 1948 – Kathy Bates, American actress
    • 1948 – Sergei Bodrov, Russian-American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Deborah Moggach, English author and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Daniel Wegner, Canadian-American psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1949 – Don Baylor, American baseball player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1950 – Philip Fowke, English pianist and educator
    • 1950 – Mauricio Rojas, Chilean-Swedish economist and politician
    • 1950 – Chris Speier, American baseball player and coach
    • 1951 – Mick Cronin, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1951 – Mark Shand, English conservationist and author (d. 2014)
    • 1951 – Lalla Ward, English actress and author
    • 1952 – Enis Batur, Turkish poet and author
    • 1952 – Pietro Mennea, Italian sprinter and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1952 – Jean-Christophe Rufin, French physician and author
    • 1954 – A. A. Gill, Scottish author and critic (d. 2016)
    • 1954 – Alice Krige, South African actress
    • 1955 – Shirley Cheriton, British actress
    • 1956 – Amira Hass, Israeli journalist and author
    • 1956 – Noel Mugavin, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1957 – Lance Nethery, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1957 – Georgi Parvanov, Bulgarian historian and politician, 4th President of Bulgaria
    • 1957 – Mike Skinner, American race car driver
    • 1957 – Jim Spanarkel, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1958 – Donna Edwards, American lawyer and politician
    • 1958 – Félix Gray, Tunisian-French singer-songwriter
    • 1959 – Clint Boon, English singer and keyboard player
    • 1959 – John Shelley, British illustrator
    • 1960 – John Elway, American football player and manager
    • 1960 – Roland Melanson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1961 – Jeff Malone, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Anișoara Cușmir-Stanciu, Romanian long jumper
    • 1962 – Artur Hajzer, Polish mountaineer (d. 2013)
    • 1962 – Ann-Louise Skoglund, Swedish hurdler
    • 1963 – Peter Baynham, Welsh actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1963 – Charlie Clouser, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1964 – Christina Ashcroft, Canadian sport shooter
    • 1964 – Mark Grace, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Bernie McCahill, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1964 – Dan Stains, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1964 – Steve Williamson, English saxophonist and composer
    • 1965 – Jessica Hecht, American actress
    • 1965 – Tiaan Strauss, South African rugby player
    • 1966 – Peeter Allik, Estonian painter and illustrator (d. 2019)
    • 1966 – Bobby Bare Jr., American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – John Cusack, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Mary Stuart Masterson, American actress
    • 1967 – Leona Aglukkaq, Canadian politician, 7th Canadian Minister of Health
    • 1967 – Gil Bellows, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1967 – Zhong Huandi, Chinese runner
    • 1967 – Lars Riedel, German discus thrower
    • 1968 – Chayanne, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1969 – Tichina Arnold, American actress and singer
    • 1969 – Stéphane Chapuisat, Swiss footballer
    • 1969 – Fabrizio Mori, Italian hurdler
    • 1970 – Mushtaq Ahmed, Pakistani cricketer and coach
    • 1970 – Tom Merritt, American journalist
    • 1970 – Mike White, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Lorenzo Amoruso, Italian footballer
    • 1971 – Fabien Barthez, French footballer
    • 1971 – Bobby Hurley, American basketball player and coach
    • 1971 – Ron Mahay, American baseball player and scout
    • 1971 – Elon Musk, South African-born American businessman
    • 1971 – Aileen Quinn, American actress and singer
    • 1972 – Ngô Bảo Châu, Vietnamese-French mathematician and academic
    • 1972 – Chris Leslie, English politician, Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
    • 1972 – Geeta Tripathee, Nepali poet, lyricist and literary critic
    • 1972 – Alessandro Nivola, American actor
    • 1973 – Adrián Annus, Hungarian hammer thrower
    • 1973 – Corey Koskie, Canadian baseball player
    • 1974 – Rob Dyrdek, American skateboarder, entrepreneur, and reality television star
    • 1975 – Jon Nödtveidt, Swedish singer-songwriter, and guitarist (d. 2006)
    • 1976 – Shinobu Asagoe, Japanese tennis player
    • 1976 – Seth Wescott, American snowboarder
    • 1977 – Chris Spurling, American baseball player
    • 1977 – Mark Stoermer, American bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1977 – Harun Tekin, Turkish singer and guitarist
    • 1978 – Simon Larose, Canadian tennis player
    • 1979 – Randy McMichael, American football player
    • 1979 – Neil Shanahan, Irish racing driver (d. 1999)
    • 1979 – Florian Zeller, French author and playwright
    • 1980 – Jevgeni Novikov, Estonian footballer
    • 1981 – Savage, New Zealand rapper
    • 1981 – Michael Crafter, Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Guillermo Martínez, Cuban javelin thrower
    • 1981 – Brandon Phillips, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Ibrahim Camejo, Cuban long jumper
    • 1985 – Phil Bardsley, English footballer
    • 1985 – Colt Hynes, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Kellie Pickler, American singer-songwriter
    • 1987 – Sonata Tamošaitytė, Lithuanian hurdler
    • 1987 – Terrence Williams, American basketball player
    • 1989 – Jason Clark, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Andrew Fifita, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – David Fifita, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Julia Zlobina, Russian-Azerbaijani figure skater
    • 1989 – Markiplier, American internet personality
    • 1989 – Nicole Rottmann, Austrian tennis player
    • 1991 – Seohyun, South Korean singer, dancer, and actress
    • 1991 – Kevin De Bruyne, Belgian footballer
    • 1991 – Kang Min-hyuk, South Korean singer, drummer, and actor
    • 1992 – Oscar Hiljemark, Swedish footballer
    • 1992 – Elaine Thompson, Jamaican sprinter
    • 1993 – Bradley Beal, American basketball player
    • 1994 – Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan
    • 1994 – Emily Blue, American singer-songwriter
    • 1996 – Donna Vekić, Croatian tennis player
    • 1996 – Larissa Werbicki, Canadian rower
    • 1999 – Markéta Vondroušová, Czech tennis player
    • 2002 – Marta Kostyuk, Ukrainian tennis player

    Deaths on June 28

    • 202 – Yuan Shao, Chinese warlord
    • 548 – Theodora I, Byzantine empress
    • 572 – Alboin, King of the Lombards
    • 683 – Leo II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 611)
    • 767 – Paul I, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 700)
    • 928 – Louis the Blind, Holy Roman emperor (b. 880)
    • 975 – Cyneweard, bishop of Wells
    • 1031 – Taira no Tadatsune, Japanese governor
    • 1061 – Floris I, count of Holland
    • 1175 – Andrey Bogolyubsky, Russian Grand Prince (b. 1111)
    • 1189 – Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony, (b. 1156)
    • 1194 – Xiao Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1127)
    • 1385 – Andronikos IV, Byzantine emperor (b. 1348)
    • 1497 – James Tuchet, 7th Baron Audley, English rebel leader (b. c. 1463)
    • 1575 – Yonekura Shigetsugu, Japanese samurai
    • 1586 – Primož Trubar, Slovenian author and reformer (b. 1508)
    • 1598 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (b. 1527)
    • 1607 – Domenico Fontana, Italian architect (b. 1543)
    • 1716 – George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire (b. 1665)
    • 1757 – Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, queen consort of Frederick William I (b. 1687)
    • 1798 – John Henry Colclough, Irish revolutionary (b. c. 1769)
    • 1813 – Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general and politician, Prussian Minister of War (b. 1755)
    • 1834 – Joseph Bové, Russian architect, designed the Triumphal Arch of Moscow (b. 1784)
    • 1836 – James Madison, American academic and politician, 4th President of the United States (b. 1751)
    • 1880 – Texas Jack Omohundro, American soldier and hunter (b. 1846)
    • 1881 – Jules Armand Dufaure, French politician, 33rd Prime Minister of France (b. 1798)
    • 1889 – Maria Mitchell, American astronomer and academic (b. 1818)
    • 1892 – Alexandros Rizos Rangavis, Greek poet and politician, Greek Foreign Minister (b. 1810)
    • 1913 – Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Brazil (b. 1841)
    • 1914 – Sophie, duchess of Hohenberg (b. 1868)
    • 1914 – Franz Ferdinand, archduke of Austria (b. 1863)
    • 1915 – Victor Trumper, Australian cricketer (b. 1877)
    • 1917 – Ștefan Luchian, Romanian painter and educator (b. 1868)
    • 1922 – Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian poet and playwright (b. 1885)
    • 1929 – Edward Carpenter, English poet and philosopher (b. 1844)
    • 1936 – Alexander Berkman, American author and activist (d. 1870)
    • 1939 – Douglas H. Johnston, governor of the Chickasaw Nation (b. 1856)
    • 1940 – Italo Balbo, Italian air marshal and politician (b. 1896)
    • 1944 – Friedrich Dollmann, German general (b. 1882)
    • 1945 – Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu, Turkish journalist (b. 1879)
    • 1947 – Stanislav Kostka Neumann, Czech writer, poet and journalist (b. 1875)
    • 1960 – Jake Swirbul, American businessman, co-founded the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation (b. 1898)
    • 1962 – Mickey Cochrane, American baseball player and manager (b. 1903)
    • 1962 – Cy Morgan, American baseball player (b. 1878)
    • 1965 – Red Nichols, American cornet player, bandleader, and composer (b. 1905)
    • 1966 – Mehmet Fuat Köprülü, Turkish historian and politician, 21st Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1890)
    • 1971 – Franz Stangl, Austrian SS officer (b. 1908)
    • 1974 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and academic (b. 1890)
    • 1975 – Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis, Greek architect (b. 1913)
    • 1975 – Rod Serling, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)
    • 1978 – Clifford Dupont, English-Rhodesian lawyer and politician, 1st President of Rhodesia (b. 1905)
    • 1980 – José Iturbi, Spanish pianist and conductor (b. 1895)
    • 1981 – Terry Fox, Canadian runner and activist (b. 1958)
    • 1983 – Alf Francis, German-English motor racing mechanic and racing car constructor (b. 1918)
    • 1984 – Yigael Yadin, Israeli archaeologist, general, and politician (b. 1917)
    • 1985 – Lynd Ward, American author and illustrator (b. 1905)
    • 1989 – Joris Ivens, Dutch journalist, director, and producer (b. 1898)
    • 1992 – Guy Nève, Belgian racing driver (b. 1955)
    • 1992 – Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (b. 1936)
    • 1995 – Petri Walli, Finnish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1969)
    • 2000 – Jane Birdwood, Baroness Birdwood, Canadian-English publisher and politician (b. 1913)
    • 2000 – Nils Poppe, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1908)
    • 2001 – Mortimer J. Adler, American philosopher and author (b. 1902)
    • 2003 – Joan Lowery Nixon, American journalist and author (b. 1927)
    • 2004 – Anthony Buckeridge, English author (b. 1912)
    • 2005 – Brenda Howard, American activist (b. 1946)
    • 2005 – Michael P. Murphy, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1976)
    • 2006 – Jim Baen, American publisher, founded Baen Books (b. 1943)
    • 2006 – Peter Rawlinson, Baron Rawlinson of Ewell, English lawyer and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1919)
    • 2006 – George Unwin, English pilot and commander (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Eugene B. Fluckey, American admiral, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Kiichi Miyazawa, Japanese lawyer and politician, 78th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1919)
    • 2009 – A. K. Lohithadas, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1955)
    • 2009 – Billy Mays, American TV personality (b. 1958)
    • 2010 – Robert Byrd, American lawyer and politician (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Richard Isay, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Leontine T. Kelly, American bishop (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Robert Sabatier, French author and poet (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Doris Sams, American baseball player (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Ted Hood, American sailor and architect (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Tamás Katona, Hungarian historian and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Kenneth Minogue, New Zealand-Australian political scientist and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – F. D. Reeve, American author and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – David Rubitsky, American sergeant (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Seymour Barab, American cellist and composer (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Jim Brosnan, American baseball player (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – On Kawara, Japanese painter (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Meshach Taylor, American actor (b. 1947)
    • 2015 – Jack Carter, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Jope Seniloli, Fijian politician, Vice-President of Fiji (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Wally Stanowski, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1919)
    • 2016 – Scotty Moore, American guitarist (b. 1931)
    • 2016 – Pat Summitt, American women’s college basketball head coach (b. 1952)
    • 2016 – Buddy Ryan, American football coach (b. 1931)
    • 2018 – Harlan Ellison, American writer (b. 1934)

    Holidays and observances on June 28

    • Christian feast day:
      • Basilides and Potamiana
      • Irenaeus of Lyon (Western Christianity)
      • Heimerad
      • Blessed Maria Pia Mastena
      • Paulus I
      • Vincenza Gerosa
      • June 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Ukraine)
    • Earliest day on which Vardavar can fall, while August 1 is the latest; celebrated on the 14th weeks after Easter (Armenia)
    • Family Day (Vietnam)
    • Poznań Remembrance Day (Poland)
    • Vidovdan, celebrating St. Vitus and an important day in Serbian history. (Eastern Orthodox Church)
    • Tau Day, a day similar to Pi Day celebrating the number Tau, which is equivalent to 2*Pi.

  • June 18 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China.
    • 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
    • 860 – Byzantine–Rus’ War: A fleet of about 200 Rus’ vessels sails into the Bosphorus and starts pillaging the suburbs of the Byzantine capital Constantinople.
    • 1053 – Battle of Civitate: Three thousand horsemen of Norman Count Humphrey rout the troops of Pope Leo IX.
    • 1178 – Five Canterbury monks see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed. It is believed that the current oscillations of the Moon’s distance from the Earth (on the order of meters) are a result of this collision.
    • 1264 – The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.
    • 1265 – A draft Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, but is not ratified by Doge Reniero Zeno.
    • 1429 – French forces under the leadership of Joan of Arc defeat the main English army under Sir John Fastolf at the Battle of Patay. This turns the tide of the Hundred Years’ War.
    • 1633 – Charles I is crowned King of Scots at St Giles’ Cathedral, Edinburgh.
    • 1684 – The charter of the Massachusetts Bay Colony is revoked via a scire facias writ issued by an English court.
    • 1757 – Battle of Kolín between Prussian forces under Frederick the Great and an Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal Count Leopold Joseph von Daun in the Seven Years’ War.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: British troops abandon Philadelphia.
    • 1799 – Action of 18 June 1799: A frigate squadron under Rear-admiral Perrée is captured by the British fleet under Lord Keith.
    • 1812 – The United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom is signed by President James Madison, beginning the War of 1812.
    • 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Waterloo results in the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte by the Duke of Wellington and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher forcing him to abdicate the throne of France for the second and last time.
    • 1822 – Constantine Kanaris blows up the Ottoman navy’s flagship at Chios, killing the Kapudan Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha.
    • 1858 – Charles Darwin receives a paper from Alfred Russel Wallace that includes nearly identical conclusions about evolution as Darwin’s own, prompting Darwin to publish his theory.
    • 1859 – First ascent of Aletschhorn, second summit of the Bernese Alps.
    • 1873 – Susan B. Anthony is fined $100 for attempting to vote in the 1872 presidential election.
    • 1887 – The Reinsurance Treaty between Germany and Russia is signed.
    • 1900 – Empress Dowager Cixi of China orders all foreigners killed, including foreign diplomats and their families.
    • 1908 – Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the ship Kasato-Maru.
    • 1908 – The University of the Philippines is established.
    • 1923 – Checker Taxi puts its first taxi on the streets.
    • 1928 – Aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly in an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean (she is a passenger; Wilmer Stultz is the pilot and Lou Gordon the mechanic).
    • 1935 – Police in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, clash with striking longshoremen, resulting in a total of 60 injuries and 24 arrests.
    • 1940 – Appeal of 18 June by Charles de Gaulle.
    • 1940 – The “Finest Hour” speech is delivered by Winston Churchill.
    • 1945 – William Joyce (“Lord Haw-Haw”) is charged with treason for his pro-German propaganda broadcasting during World War II.
    • 1946 – Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a Socialist, calls for a Direct Action Day against the Portuguese in Goa.
    • 1948 – Columbia Records introduces the long-playing record album in a public demonstration at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.
    • 1953 – The Egyptian revolution of 1952 ends with the overthrow of the Muhammad Ali dynasty and the declaration of the Republic of Egypt.
    • 1953 – A United States Air Force C-124 crashes and burns near Tachikawa, Japan, killing 129.
    • 1954 – Carlos Castillo Armas leads an invasion force across the Guatemalan border, setting in motion the 1954 Guatemalan coup d’état.
    • 1965 – Vietnam War: The United States uses B-52 bombers to attack National Liberation Front guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam.
    • 1972 – Staines air disaster: One hundred eighteen people are killed when a BEA H.S. Trident crashes two minutes after take off from London’s Heathrow Airport.
    • 1979 – SALT II is signed by the United States and the Soviet Union.
    • 1981 – The Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, the first operational aircraft initially designed around stealth technology, makes its first flight.
    • 1982 – Italian banker Roberto Calvi’s body is discovered hanging beneath Blackfriars Bridge in London, England.
    • 1983 – Space Shuttle program: STS-7, Astronaut Sally Ride becomes the first American woman in space.
    • 1983 – Mona Mahmudnizhad, together with nine other Bahá’í women, is sentenced to death and hanged in Shiraz, Iran over her religious beliefs.
    • 1984 – A major clash between about 5,000 police and a similar number of miners takes place at Orgreave, South Yorkshire, during the 1984–85 UK miners’ strike.
    • 1994 – The Troubles: Members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) attack a crowded pub with assault rifles in Loughinisland, Northern Ireland. Six Catholic civilians are killed and five wounded. It was crowded with people watching the 1994 FIFA World Cup.
    • 2006 – The first Kazakh space satellite, KazSat-1 is launched.
    • 2007 – The Charleston Sofa Super Store fire happened in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine firefighters.
    • 2009 – The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), a NASA robotic spacecraft is launched.
    • 2018 – An earthquake of magnitude 6.1 strikes northern Osaka.

    Births on June 18

    • 1269 – Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar (d. 1298)
    • 1318 – Eleanor of Woodstock (d. 1355)
    • 1332 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1391)
    • 1466 – Ottaviano Petrucci, Italian printer (d. 1539)
    • 1511 – Bartolomeo Ammannati, Italian architect and sculptor, designed the Ponte Santa Trinita (d. 1592)
    • 1517 – Emperor Ōgimachi of Japan (d. 1593)
    • 1521 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (d. 1577)
    • 1667 – Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (d. 1750)
    • 1673 – Antonio de Literes, Spanish composer (d. 1747)
    • 1677 – Antonio Maria Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1726)
    • 1716 – Joseph-Marie Vien, French painter and educator (d. 1809)
    • 1717 – Johann Stamitz, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1757)
    • 1757 – Ignaz Pleyel, Austrian-French pianist and composer (d. 1831)
    • 1757 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentinian lawyer and politician 1st Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (d. 1833)
    • 1769 – Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Irish-English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (d. 1822)
    • 1799 – William Lassell, English astronomer and merchant (d. 1880)
    • 1812 – Ivan Goncharov, Russian journalist and author (d. 1891)
    • 1815 – Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen, German general (d. 1881)
    • 1816 – Hélène Napoleone Bonaparte, French daughter of Napoleon (d. 1907)
    • 1816 – Jung Bahadur Rana, Nepali ruler (d. 1877)
    • 1833 – Manuel González Flores, Mexican general and President (1880-1884) (d. 1893)
    • 1834 – Auguste-Théodore-Paul de Broglie, French philosopher and academic (d. 1895)
    • 1839 – William H. Seward Jr., American general and banker (d. 1920)
    • 1845 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician and parasitologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1922)
    • 1850 – Richard Heuberger, Austrian composer and critic (d. 1914)
    • 1854 – E. W. Scripps, American publisher, founded the E. W. Scripps Company (d. 1926)
    • 1857 – Henry Clay Folger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Folger Shakespeare Library (d. 1930)
    • 1858 – Andrew Forsyth, Scottish-English mathematician and academic (d. 1942)
    • 1858 – Hector Rason, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1927)
    • 1862 – Carolyn Wells, American novelist and poet (d. 1942)
    • 1863 – George Essex Evans, English-Australian poet and author (d. 1909)
    • 1868 – Miklós Horthy, Hungarian admiral and politician, Regent of Hungary (d. 1957)
    • 1870 – Édouard Le Roy, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1954)
    • 1877 – James Montgomery Flagg, American painter and illustrator (d. 1960)
    • 1881 – Zoltán Halmay, Hungarian swimmer (d. 1956)
    • 1882 – Georgi Dimitrov, Bulgarian compositor and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1949)
    • 1884 – Édouard Daladier, French captain and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1970)
    • 1886 – George Mallory, English lieutenant and mountaineer (d. 1924)
    • 1886 – Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist and paleontologist (d. 1978)
    • 1887 – Tancrède Labbé, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1956)
    • 1896 – Blanche Sweet, American actress (d. 1986)
    • 1897 – Martti Marttelin, Finnish runner (d. 1940)
    • 1900 – Vlasta Vraz, Czech-American relief worker, editor, and fundraiser (d. 1989)
    • 1901 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
    • 1901 – Llewellyn Rees, English actor (d. 1994)
    • 1902 – Louis Alter, American musician (d. 1980)
    • 1902 – Paavo Yrjölä, Finnish decathlete (d. 1980)
    • 1903 – Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (d. 1965)
    • 1903 – Raymond Radiguet, French author and poet (d. 1923)
    • 1904 – Keye Luke, Chinese-American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – Manuel Rosenthal, French conductor and composer (d. 2003)
    • 1905 – Eduard Tubin, Estonian composer and conductor (d. 1982)
    • 1907 – Frithjof Schuon, Swiss-American metaphysicist, philosopher, and author (d. 1998)
    • 1908 – Bud Collyer, American actor and game show host (d. 1969)
    • 1908 – Stanley Knowles, American-Canadian academic and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1908 – Nedra Volz, American actress (d. 2003)
    • 1910 – Dick Foran, American actor and singer (d. 1979)
    • 1910 – Avon Long, American actor and singer (d. 1984)
    • 1910 – Ray McKinley, American singer, drummer, and bandleader (d. 1995)
    • 1912 – Glenn Morris, American decathlete (d. 1974)
    • 1913 – Wilfred Gordon Bigelow, Canadian soldier and surgeon (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Sammy Cahn, American pianist and composer (d. 1993)
    • 1913 – Sylvia Porter, American economist and journalist (d. 1991)
    • 1913 – Françoise Loranger, Canadian playwright and producer (d. 1995)
    • 1913 – Robert Mondavi, American winemaker and philanthropist (d. 2008)
    • 1913 – Oswald Teichmüller, German mathematician (d. 1943)
    • 1914 – E. G. Marshall, American actor (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Efraín Huerta, Mexican poet (d.1982)
    • 1915 – Red Adair, American firefighter (d. 2004)
    • 1915 – Robert Kanigher, American author (d. 2002)
    • 1915 – Alice T. Schafer, American mathematician (d. 2009)
    • 1916 – Julio César Turbay Ayala, Colombian lawyer and politician, 25th President of Colombia (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Richard Boone, American actor, singer, and director (d. 1981)
    • 1917 – Jack Karnehm, English snooker player and sportscaster (d. 2002)
    • 1917 – Erik Ortvad, Danish painter and illustrator (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Alf Francis, West Prussia-born, English motor racing mechanic and race car constructor (d. 1983)
    • 1918 – Jerome Karle, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Franco Modigliani, Italian-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Ian Carmichael, English actor and singer (d. 2010)
    • 1920 – Lode Van Den Bergh, Belgian author and academic
    • 1922 – Claude Helffer, French pianist and educator (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – George Mikan, American basketball player and coach (d. 2005)
    • 1925 – Robert Beadell, American composer and educator (d. 1994)
    • 1926 – Philip B. Crosby, American businessman and author (d. 2001)
    • 1926 – Allan Sandage, American astronomer and cosmologist (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Tom Wicker, American journalist and author (d. 2011)
    • 1927 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian-English actress (d. 1998)
    • 1927 – Paul Eddington, English actor (d. 1995)
    • 1928 – Michael Blakemore, Australian actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1928 – David T. Lykken, American geneticist and academic (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Jürgen Habermas, German sociologist and philosopher
    • 1929 – Tibor Rubin, Hungarian-American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Brazilian sociologist, academic, and politician, 34th President of Brazil
    • 1932 – Dudley R. Herschbach, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1932 – Geoffrey Hill, English poet and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1933 – Colin Brumby, Australian composer and conductor (d. 2018)
    • 1933 – Tommy Hunt, American singer
    • 1934 – Brian Kenny, English general (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Mitsuteru Yokoyama, Japanese author and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1936 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver (d. 1992)
    • 1936 – Barack Obama Sr., Kenyan economist (d. 1982)
    • 1936 – Ronald Venetiaan, Surinamese politician, 6th President of Suriname
    • 1937 – Del Harris, American basketball player and coach
    • 1937 – Jay Rockefeller, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of West Virginia
    • 1937 – Bruce Trigger, Canadian archaeologist, anthropologist and historian (d. 2006)
    • 1937 – Vitaly Zholobov, Ukrainian colonel, engineer, and astronaut
    • 1938 – Kevin Murray, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1939 – Lou Brock, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1939 – Jean-Claude Germain, Canadian historian, author, and journalist
    • 1939 – Brooks Firestone, American businessman and politician
    • 1941 – Roger Lemerre, French footballer and manager
    • 1941 – Paul Mayersberg, English director and screenwriter
    • 1941 – Delia Smith, English chef and author
    • 1942 – John Bellany, Scottish painter and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Roger Ebert, American journalist, critic, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Pat Hutchins, English author and illustrator
    • 1942 – Thabo Mbeki, South African politician, 23rd President of South Africa
    • 1942 – Paul McCartney, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1942 – Richard Perry, American record producer
    • 1942 – Carl Radle, American bass player and producer (d. 1980)
    • 1942 – Nick Tate, Australian actor and director
    • 1942 – Hans Vonk, Dutch conductor (d. 2004)
    • 1943 – Barry Evans, English actor (d. 1997)
    • 1943 – Raffaella Carrà, Italian singer, dancer, and actress
    • 1944 – Bruce DuMont, American broadcaster and political analyst
    • 1944 – Sandy Posey, American pop/country singer
    • 1946 – Russell Ash, English journalist and author (d. 2010)
    • 1946 – Bruiser Brody, American wrestler (d. 1988)
    • 1946 – Fabio Capello, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1946 – Maria Bethânia, Brazilian singer
    • 1947 – Ivonne Coll, Puerto Rican-American model and actress, Miss Puerto Rico 1967
    • 1947 – Bernard Giraudeau, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1947 – Linda Thorson, Canadian actress
    • 1948 – Philip Jackson, English actor
    • 1948 – Éva Marton, Hungarian soprano and actress
    • 1948 – Sherry Turkle, American academic, psychologist, and sociologist
    • 1949 – Chris Van Allsburg, American author and illustrator
    • 1949 – Jarosław Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1949 – Lech Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 4th President of Poland (d. 2010)
    • 1949 – Lincoln Thompson, Jamaican singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1950 – Rod de’Ath, Welsh drummer and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1950 – Annelie Ehrhardt, German hurdler
    • 1950 – Mike Johanns, American lawyer and politician, 28th United States Secretary of Agriculture
    • 1950 – Jackie Leven, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011)
    • 1951 – Mohammed Al-Sager, Kuwaiti journalist and politician
    • 1951 – Miriam Flynn, American actress and comedian
    • 1951 – Ian Hargreaves, English-Welsh journalist and academic
    • 1951 – Stephen Hopper, Australian botanist and academic
    • 1951 – Gyula Sax, Hungarian chess player (d. 2014)
    • 1952 – Tiiu Aro, Estonian physician and politician, Estonian Minister of Social Affairs
    • 1952 – Denis Herron, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1952 – Carol Kane, American actress
    • 1952 – Isabella Rossellini, Italian actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Lee Soo-man, South Korean singer and businessman, founded S.M. Entertainment
    • 1953 – Peter Donohoe, English pianist and educator
    • 1955 – Ed Fast, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1956 – Brian Benben, American actor and producer
    • 1956 – John Scott, English organist and conductor (d. 2015)
    • 1957 – Miguel Ángel Lotina, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1957 – Richard Powers, American novelist
    • 1958 – Peter Altmaier, German jurist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany
    • 1958 – Gary Martin, British voice actor and actor
    • 1959 – Joe Ansolabehere, American animation screenwriter and producer
    • 1960 – Barbara Broccoli, American director and producer
    • 1960 – Steve Murphy, Canadian journalist
    • 1961 – Oz Fox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1961 – Andrés Galarraga, Venezuelan-American baseball player
    • 1961 – Angela Johnson, American novelist and poet
    • 1961 – Alison Moyet, English singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Lisa Randall, American physicist and academic
    • 1963 – Dizzy Reed, American keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1963 – Bruce Smith, American football player
    • 1964 – Uday Hussein, Iraqi commander (d. 2003)
    • 1964 – Patti Webster, American publicist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1966 – Kurt Browning, Canadian figure skater, choreographer, and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Troy Kemp, Bahamian high jumper
    • 1968 – Frank Müller, German decathlete
    • 1969 – Haki Doku, Albanian cyclist
    • 1969 – Christopher Largen, American journalist and author (d. 2012)
    • 1970 – Katie Derham, English journalist
    • 1970 – Ivan Kozák, Slovak footballer
    • 1970 – Greg Yaitanes, American director and producer
    • 1971 – Kerry Butler, American actress and singer
    • 1971 – Jason McAteer, English-Irish footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Nathan Morris, American soul singer
    • 1972 – Anu Tali, Estonian pianist and conductor
    • 1972 – Wikus du Toit, South African actor, director, and composer
    • 1973 – Julie Depardieu, French actress
    • 1973 – Stephen Thomas Erlewine, American author and music critic
    • 1973 – Ray LaMontagne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1973 – Alexandra Meissnitzer, Austrian skier
    • 1973 – Matt Parsons, Australian rugby league player
    • 1973 – Gavin Wanganeen Australian footballer and coach
    • 1974 – Vincenzo Montella, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1974 – Sergey Sharikov, Russian fencer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1975 – Marie Gillain, Belgian actress
    • 1975 – Aleksandrs Koļinko, Latvian footballer
    • 1975 – Martin St. Louis, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Blake Shelton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Wang Liqin, Chinese table tennis player
    • 1979 – Yumiko Kobayashi, Japanese voice actress and singer
    • 1979 – Ivana Wong, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1980 – Antonio Gates, American football player
    • 1980 – Sergey Kirdyapkin, Russian race walker
    • 1980 – Craig Mottram, Australian runner
    • 1980 – Antero Niittymäki, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Tara Platt, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1981 – Clint Newton, American-Australian rugby league player
    • 1981 – Marco Streller, Swiss footballer
    • 1982 – Nadir Belhadj, French-Algerian footballer
    • 1982 – Marco Borriello, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Nathan Cavaleri, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1983 – Billy Slater, Australian rugby league player
    • 1983 – Cameron Smith, Australian rugby league player
    • 1984 – Nanyak Dala, Canadian rugby player
    • 1985 – Chris Coghlan, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Alex Hirsch, American animator and television producer
    • 1986 – Edgars Eriņš, Latvian decathlete
    • 1986 – Richard Gasquet, French tennis player
    • 1987 – Omar Arellano, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Moeen Ali, English cricketer
    • 1988 – Elini Dimoutsos, Greek footballer
    • 1988 – Josh Dun, American musician
    • 1989 – Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, French-born Gabonese footballer
    • 1989 – Chris Harris Jr., American football player
    • 1990 – Luke Adam, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Sandra Izbașa, Romanian gymnast
    • 1990 – Derek Stepan, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Christian Taylor, American triple jumper
    • 1993 – Dennis Lloyd, Israeli musician, producer, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist
    • 1994 – Sean McMahon, Australian rugby player
    • 1994 – Takeoff, American rapper
    • 1995 – Maxim Kovtun, Russian figure skater
    • 1996 – Alen Halilović, Croatian footballer
    • 1996 – Niki Wories, Dutch figure skater
    • 1997 – Katharina Hobgarski, German tennis player
    • 1997 – Latrell Mitchell, Australian rugby league player
    • 1999 – Trippie Redd, American rapper

    Deaths on June 18

    • 741 – Leo III the Isaurian, Byzantine emperor (b. 685)
    • 908 – Zhang Hao, general of Yang Wu
    • 1095 – Sophia of Hungary (b. c. 1050)
    • 1164 – Elisabeth of Schönau, German Benedictine visionary (b. c. 1129)
    • 1234 – Emperor Chūkyō of Japan (b. 1218)
    • 1250 – Theresa of Portugal, Queen of León
    • 1291 – Alfonso III of Aragon (b. 1265)
    • 1333 – Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1312)
    • 1464 – Rogier van der Weyden, Flemish painter (b. 1400)
    • 1588 – Robert Crowley, English minister and poet (b. 1517)
    • 1629 – Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch admiral (b. 1577)
    • 1650 – Christoph Scheiner, German priest, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1575)
    • 1673 – Jeanne Mance, French-Canadian nurse, founded the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal (b. 1606)
    • 1704 – Tom Brown, English author and translator (b. 1662)
    • 1726 – Michel Richard Delalande, French organist and composer (b. 1657)
    • 1742 – John Aislabie, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1670)
    • 1749 – Ambrose Philips, English poet and politician (b. 1674)
    • 1772 – Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German jurist and scholar (b. 1706)
    • 1772 – Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-Austrian physician and reformer (b. 1700)
    • 1788 – Adam Gib, Scottish religious leader (b. 1714)
    • 1794 – François Buzot, French lawyer and politician (b. 1760)
    • 1794 – James Murray, Scottish-English general and politician, 20th Governor of the Province of Quebec (b. 1721)
    • 1815 – Thomas Picton, Welsh-English general and politician (b. 1758)
    • 1833 – Robert Hett Chapman, American minister, missionary, and academic (b. 1771)
    • 1835 – William Cobbett, English farmer and journalist (b. 1763)
    • 1860 – Friedrich Wilhelm von Bismarck, German army officer and writer (b. 1783)
    • 1866 – Prince Sigismund of Prussia (b. 1864)
    • 1902 – Samuel Butler, English novelist, satirist, and critic (b. 1835)
    • 1905 – Carmine Crocco, Italian soldier (b. 1830)
    • 1916 – Max Immelmann, German lieutenant and pilot (b. 1890)
    • 1917 – Titu Maiorescu, Romanian critic and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1840)
    • 1922 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer and academic (b. 1851)
    • 1928 – Roald Amundsen, Norwegian pilot and explorer (b. 1872)
    • 1936 – Maxim Gorky, Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1868)
    • 1937 – Gaston Doumergue, French politician, 13th President of France (b. 1863)
    • 1942 – Arthur Pryor, American trombonist, bandleader, and politician (b. 1870)
    • 1943 – Elias Degiannis, Greek commander (b. 1912)
    • 1945 – Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (b. 1862)[10]
    • 1945 – Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., American general (b. 1886)
    • 1947 – Shigematsu Sakaibara, Japanese admiral (b. 1898)
    • 1948 – Edward Brooker, English-Australian politician, 31st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1891)
    • 1959 – Ethel Barrymore, American actress (b. 1879)
    • 1963 – Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican-American actor (b. 1912)
    • 1964 – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (b. 1890)
    • 1967 – Geki, Italian race car driver (b. 1937)
    • 1967 – Beat Fehr, Swiss race car driver (b. 1942)
    • 1971 – Thomas Gomez, American actor (b. 1905)
    • 1971 – Paul Karrer, Russian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
    • 1974 – Júlio César de Mello e Souza, Brazilian mathematician and academic (b. 1896)
    • 1974 – Georgy Zhukov, Russian marshal and politician, Minister of Defence for the Soviet Union (b. 1896)
    • 1975 – Hugo Bergmann, German-Israeli philosopher and author (b. 1883)
    • 1978 – Walter C. Alvarez, American physician and author (b. 1884)
    • 1980 – Terence Fisher, English director and screenwriter (b. 1904)
    • 1980 – André Leducq, French cyclist (b. 1904)
    • 1982 – Djuna Barnes, American novelist, journalist, and playwright (b. 1892)
    • 1982 – John Cheever, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1912)
    • 1982 – Curd Jürgens, German-Austrian actor and director (b. 1915)
    • 1984 – Alan Berg, American lawyer and radio host (b. 1934)
    • 1985 – Paul Colin, French illustrator (b. 1892)
    • 1986 – Frances Scott Fitzgerald, American journalist (b. 1921)
    • 1989 – I. F. Stone, American journalist and author (b. 1907)
    • 1992 – Kofoworola Abeni Pratt, the first black Chief Nursing Officer of Nigeria  (b. 1910)
    • 1992 – Peter Allen, Australian singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1944)
    • 1992 – Mordecai Ardon, Polish-Israeli painter and educator (b. 1896)
    • 1993 – Craig Rodwell, American activist, founded the Oscar Wilde Bookshop (b. 1940)
    • 1996 – Endel Puusepp, Estonian-Soviet military pilot and politician (b. 1909)
    • 1997 – Lev Kopelev, Ukrainian-German author and academic (b. 1912)
    • 1998 – Felix Knight, American actor and tenor (b. 1908)
    • 2000 – Nancy Marchand, American actress (b. 1928)
    • 2003 – Larry Doby, American baseball player and manager (b. 1923)
    • 2005 – Mushtaq Ali, Indian cricketer (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Manuel Sadosky, Argentinian mathematician and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2006 – Vincent Sherman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1906)
    • 2006 – Joseph Zobel, Martinique-French author (b. 1915)
    • 2007 – Bernard Manning, English comedian and actor (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – Hank Medress, American singer and producer (b. 1938)
    • 2007 – Georges Thurston, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
    • 2008 – Jean Delannoy, French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1908)
    • 2008 – Tasha Tudor, American author and illustrator (b. 1915)
    • 2008 – Hans Steinbrenner, German sculptor (b. 1928)
    • 2010 – Trent Acid, American wrestler (b. 1980)
    • 2010 – José Saramago, Portuguese novelist Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Okan Demiriş, Turkish composer (b. 1942)
    • 2011 – Yelena Bonner, Russian activist (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Frederick Chiluba, Zambian politician, 2nd President of Zambia (b. 1943)
    • 2011 – Clarence Clemons, American saxophonist (b. 1942)
    • 2012 – Horacio Coppola, Argentinian photographer and director (b. 1906)
    • 2012 – Lina Haag, German author and activist (b. 1907)
    • 2012 – Tom Maynard, Welsh cricketer (b. 1989)
    • 2012 – Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín, Peruvian general and politician, 109th Prime Minister of Peru (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Alketas Panagoulias, Greek footballer and manager (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – William Van Regenmorter, American businessman and politician (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Brent F. Anderson, American engineer and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Alastair Donaldson, Scottish bass player (b. 1955)
    • 2013 – Garde Gardom, Canadian lawyer and politician, 26th Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Michael Hastings, American journalist and author (b. 1980)
    • 2013 – David Wall, English ballet dancer (b. 1946)
    • 2014 – Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist and engineer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Johnny Mann, American singer-songwriter and conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Claire Martin, Canadian author (b. 1914)
    • 2014 – Vladimir Popovkin, Russian general (b. 1957)
    • 2014 – Horace Silver, American pianist and composer (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Phil Austin, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1941)
    • 2015 – Ralph J. Roberts, American businessman, co-founded Comcast (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Danny Villanueva, American football player and broadcaster, co-founded Univision (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Allen Weinstein, American historian and academic (b. 1937)
    • 2016 – Jeppiaar, Indian educationist, founder and chancellor of Sathyabama University (b. 1931)
    • 2018 – XXXTentacion, American rapper (b. 1998)
    • 2018 – Big Van Vader (also known as Vader) American professional wrestler (b. 1955)
    • 2018 – Jimmy Wopo, American rapper (b. 1997)
    • 2020 – Vera Lynn, English singer who was the “Forces’ Sweetheart” in World War II (b. 1917)

    Holidays and observances on June 18

    • Autistic Pride Day (International)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Bernard Mizeki (Anglican and Episcopal Church)
      • Elisabeth of Schönau
      • Gregorio Barbarigo
      • Leontius, Hypatius and Theodulus
      • Marina the Monk (Maronite Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria)
      • Mark and Marcellian
      • June 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Foundation Day (Benguet)
    • Human Rights Day (Azerbaijan)
    • National Day (Seychelles)
    • Queen Mother’s Birthday (Cambodia)
    • Waterloo Day (United Kingdom)

  • June 12 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.
    • 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of France, an inter-faith debate, known as the Disputation of Paris, starts between a Christian monk and four rabbis.
    • 1381 – Peasants’ Revolt: In England, rebels assemble at Blackheath, just outside London.
    • 1418 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Parisians slaughter Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac and his suspected sympathizers, along with all prisoners, foreign bankers, and students and faculty of the College of Navarre.
    • 1429 – Hundred Years’ War: On the second day of the Battle of Jargeau, Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk.
    • 1550 – The city of Helsinki, Finland (belonging to Sweden at the time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.
    • 1653 – First Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of the Gabbard begins, lasting until the following day.
    • 1665 – Thomas Willett is appointed the first mayor of New York City.
    • 1758 – French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe’s attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, commences
    • 1772 – French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne and 25 of his men killed by Māori in New Zealand.
    • 1775 – American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
    • 1776 – The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted.
    • 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: Battle of Ballynahinch.
    • 1817 – The earliest form of bicycle, the dandy horse, is driven by Karl von Drais.
    • 1821 – Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Isma’il Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.
    • 1830 – Beginning of the Invasion of Algiers: Thiry-four thousand French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
    • 1864 – American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
    • 1898 – Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines’ independence from Spain.
    • 1899 – New Richmond tornado: The eighth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.
    • 1914 – Massacre of Phocaea: Turkish irregulars slaughter 50 to 100 Greeks and expel thousands of others in an ethnic cleansing operation in the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1921 – Mikhail Tukhachevsky orders the use of chemical weapons against the Tambov Rebellion, bringing an end to the peasant uprising.
    • 1935 – A ceasefire is negotiated between Bolivia and Paraguay, ending the Chaco War.
    • 1939 – Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures’ Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
    • 1939 – The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.
    • 1940 – World War II: Thirteen thousand British and French troops surrender to Major General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
    • 1942 – Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
    • 1943 – The Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Brzeżany, Poland (now Berezhany, Ukraine). Around 1,180 Jews are led to the city’s old Jewish graveyard and shot.
    • 1944 – World War II: Operation Overlord: American paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division secure the town of Carentan, Normandy, France.
    • 1954 – Pope Pius XII canonises Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old at the time of his death, as a saint, making him at the time the youngest unmartyred saint in the Roman Catholic Church. In 2017, Francisco and Jacinta Marto, aged ten and nine at the time of their deaths, are declared saints.
    • 1963 – NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith during the civil rights movement.
    • 1964 – Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
    • 1967 – The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
    • 1975 – India, Judge Jagmohanlal Sinha of the city of Allahabad ruled that India’s Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had used corrupt practices to win her seat in the Indian Parliament, and that she should be banned from holding any public office. Mrs. Gandhi sent word that she refused to resign.
    • 1979 – Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.
    • 1987 – The Central African Republic’s former emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.
    • 1987 – Cold War: At the Brandenburg Gate, U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.
    • 1988 – Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 46, a McDonnell Douglas MD-81, crashes short of the runway at Libertador General José de San Martín Airport, killing all 22 people on board.
    • 1990 – Russia Day: The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
    • 1991 – Russians first democratically elected Boris Yeltsin as the President of Russia.
    • 1991 – Kokkadichcholai massacre: The Sri Lankan Army massacres 152 minority Tamil civilians in the village of Kokkadichcholai near the eastern province town of Batticaloa.
    • 1993 – An election takes place in Nigeria and is won by Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola. Its results are later annulled by the military Government of Ibrahim Babangida.
    • 1994 – Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman are murdered outside Simpson’s home in Los Angeles. Her estranged husband, O.J. Simpson is later charged with the murders, but is acquitted by a jury.
    • 1997 – Queen Elizabeth II reopens the Globe Theatre in London.
    • 1999 – Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins when a NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force (KFor) enters the province of Kosovo in Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
    • 2009 – Analog television stations (excluding low-powered stations) switch to digital television following the DTV Delay Act.
    • 2009 – A disputed presidential election in Iran leads to wide-ranging local and international protests.
    • 2016 – Forty-nine civilians are killed and 58 others injured in an attack on a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida; the gunman, Omar Mateen, is killed in a gunfight with police.
    • 2017 – American student Otto Warmbier returns home in a coma after spending 17 months in a North Korean prison and dies a week later.
    • 2018 – United States President Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un of North Korea held the first meeting between leaders of their two countries in Singapore.

    Births on June 12

    • 950 – Reizei, Japanese emperor (d. 1011)
    • 1107 – Gao Zong, Chinese emperor (d. 1187)
    • 1161 – Constance, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1201)
    • 1519 – Cosimo I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1574)
    • 1561 – Anna of Württemberg, German princess (d. 1616)
    • 1564 – John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg (d. 1633)
    • 1573 – Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, soldier (d. 1629)
    • 1577 – Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (d. 1643)
    • 1580 – Adriaen van Stalbemt, Flemish painter (d. 1662)
    • 1653 – Maria Amalia of Courland, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1711)
    • 1686 – Marie-Catherine Homassel Hecquet, French writer (d. 1764)
    • 1711 – Louis Legrand, French priest and theologian (d. 1780)
    • 1760 – Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai, French author, playwright, journalist, and politician (d. 1797)
    • 1771 – Patrick Gass, American sergeant (Lewis and Clark Expedition) and author (d. 1870)
    • 1775 – Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (d. 1851)
    • 1777 – Robert Clark, American physician and politician (d. 1837)
    • 1795 – John Marston, American sailor (d. 1885)
    • 1798 – Samuel Cooper, American general (d. 1876)
    • 1800 – Samuel Wright Mardis, American politician (d. 1836)
    • 1802 – Harriet Martineau, English sociologist and author (d. 1876)
    • 1806 – John A. Roebling, German-American engineer, designed the Brooklyn Bridge (d. 1869)
    • 1807 – Ante Kuzmanić, Croatian physician and journalist (d. 1879)
    • 1812 – Edmond Hébert, French geologist and academic (d. 1890)
    • 1819 – Charles Kingsley, English priest, historian, and author (d. 1875)
    • 1827 – Johanna Spyri, Swiss author, best known for Heidi (d. 1901)
    • 1831 – Robert Herbert, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Queensland (d. 1905)
    • 1841 – Watson Fothergill, English architect, designed the Woodborough Road Baptist Church (d. 1928)
    • 1843 – David Gill, Scottish-English astronomer and author (d. 1914)
    • 1851 – Oliver Lodge, English physicist and academic (d. 1940)
    • 1857 – Maurice Perrault, Canadian architect, engineer, and politician, 15th Mayor of Longueuil (d. 1909)
    • 1858 – Harry Johnston, English botanist and explorer (d. 1927)
    • 1858 – Henry Scott Tuke, English painter and photographer (d. 1929)
    • 1861 – William Attewell, English cricketer and umpire (d. 1927)
    • 1864 – Frank Chapman, American ornithologist, photographer, and author (d. 1945)
    • 1877 – Thomas C. Hart, American admiral and politician (d. 1971)
    • 1883 – Fernand Gonder, French pole vaulter (d. 1969)
    • 1883 – Robert Lowie, Austrian-American anthropologist and academic (d. 1957)
    • 1888 – Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1920)
    • 1890 – Egon Schiele, Austrian soldier and painter (d. 1918)
    • 1892 – Djuna Barnes, American novelist, journalist, and playwright (d. 1982)
    • 1895 – Eugénie Brazier, French chef (d. 1977)
    • 1897 – Anthony Eden, English soldier and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1977)
    • 1899 – Fritz Albert Lipmann, German-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
    • 1899 – Weegee, Ukrainian-American photographer and journalist (d. 1968)
    • 1902 – Hendrik Elias, Belgian lawyer and politician, Mayor of Ghent (d. 1973)
    • 1905 – Ray Barbuti, American sprinter and football player (d. 1988)
    • 1906 – Sandro Penna, Italian poet (d. 1977)
    • 1908 – Alphonse Ouimet, Canadian broadcaster (d. 1988)
    • 1908 – Marina Semyonova, Russian ballerina and educator (d. 2010)
    • 1908 – Otto Skorzeny, German SS officer (d. 1975)
    • 1910 – Bill Naughton, Irish-English playwright and author (d. 1992)
    • 1912 – Bill Cowley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1993)
    • 1912 – Carl Hovland, American psychologist and academic (d. 1961)
    • 1913 – Jean Victor Allard, Canadian general (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – Desmond Piers, Canadian admiral (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – William Lundigan, American actor (d. 1975)
    • 1914 – Go Seigen, Chinese-Japanese Go player (d. 2014)
    • 1915 – Priscilla Lane, American actress (d. 1995)
    • 1915 – Christopher Mayhew, English soldier and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1915 – David Rockefeller, American banker and businessman (d. 2017)
    • 1916 – Irwin Allen, American director and producer (d. 1991)
    • 1916 – Raúl Héctor Castro, Mexican-American politician and diplomat, 14th Governor of Arizona (d. 2015)
    • 1918 – Samuel Z. Arkoff, American film producer (d. 2001)
    • 1918 – Georgia Louise Harris Brown, American architect (d. 1999)
    • 1918 – Christie Jayaratnam Eliezer, Sri Lankan-Australian mathematician and academic (d. 2001)
    • 1919 – Uta Hagen, German-American actress and educator (d. 2004)
    • 1920 – Dave Berg, American soldier and cartoonist (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – Peter Jones, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1921 – Luis García Berlanga, Spanish director and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Christopher Derrick, English author, critic, and academic (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – James Archibald Houston, Canadian author and illustrator (d. 2005)
    • 1922 – Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – George H. W. Bush, American lieutenant and politician, 41st President of the United States (d. 2018)
    • 1924 – Grete Dollitz, German-American guitarist and radio host (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Vic Damone, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Petros Molyviatis, Greek politician and diplomat, Greek Minister for Foreign Affairs
    • 1928 – Richard M. Sherman, American composer and director
    • 1929 – Brigid Brophy, English author and critic (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Anne Frank, German-Dutch diarist; victim of the Holocaust (d. 1945)
    • 1929 – Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani linguist and academic
    • 1929 – John McCluskey, Baron McCluskey, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for Scotland (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Jim Burke, Australian cricketer (d. 1979)
    • 1930 – Donald Byrne, American chess player (d. 1976)
    • 1930 – Innes Ireland, Scottish race car driver and engineer (d. 1993)
    • 1930 – Jim Nabors, American actor and singer (d. 2017)
    • 1931 – Trevanian, American author and scholar (d. 2005)
    • 1931 – Rona Jaffe, American novelist (d. 2005)
    • 1932 – Mimi Coertse, South African soprano and producer
    • 1932 – Mamo Wolde, Ethiopian runner (d. 2002)
    • 1933 – Eddie Adams, American photographer and journalist (d. 2004)
    • 1934 – John A. Alonzo, American actor and cinematographer (d. 2001)
    • 1934 – Kevin Billington, English director and producer
    • 1935 – Ian Craig, Australian cricketer (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Paul Kennedy, English lawyer and judge
    • 1937 – Vladimir Arnold, Russian-French mathematician and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1937 – Klaus Basikow, German footballer and manager (d. 2015)
    • 1937 – Antal Festetics, Hungarian-Austrian biologist and zoologist
    • 1937 – Chips Moman, American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1938 – Jean-Marie Doré, Guinean lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Guinea (d. 2016)
    • 1938 – Tom Oliver, English-Australian actor
    • 1939 – Ron Lynch, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1939 – Frank McCloskey, American sergeant and politician (d. 2003)
    • 1940 – Jacques Brassard, Canadian educator and politician
    • 1941 – Marv Albert, American sportscaster
    • 1941 – Chick Corea, American pianist and composer
    • 1941 – Roy Harper, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1941 – Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1941 – Lucille Roybal-Allard, American politician
    • 1942 – Len Barry, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1942 – Bert Sakmann, German physiologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1945 – Pat Jennings, Irish footballer and coach
    • 1946 – Michel Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1946 – Bobby Gould, English footballer and manager
    • 1946 – Catherine Bréchignac, French physicist and academic
    • 1948 – Hans Binder, Austrian race car driver
    • 1948 – Herbert Meyer, German footballer
    • 1948 – Len Wein, American comic book writer and editor (d. 2017)
    • 1949 – Jens Böhrnsen, German judge and politician
    • 1949 – Marc Tardif, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1949 – John Wetton, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (d. 2017)
    • 1950 – Oğuz Abadan, Turkish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1950 – Michael Fabricant, English politician
    • 1950 – Sonia Manzano, American actress of Puerto Rican descent, noted for playing Maria on Sesame Street
    • 1950 – Bun E. Carlos, American drummer
    • 1951 – Brad Delp, American musician and singer (d. 2007)
    • 1951 – Andranik Margaryan, Armenian engineer and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Armenia (d. 2007)
    • 1952 – Spencer Abraham, American academic and politician, 10th United States Secretary of Energy
    • 1952 – Junior Brown, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1952 – Pete Farndon, English bass player and songwriter (d. 1983)
    • 1953 – Rocky Burnette, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1954 – Tim Razzall, Baron Razzall, English lawyer and politician
    • 1956 – Terry Alderman, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1957 – Timothy Busfield, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1957 – Javed Miandad, Pakistani cricketer and coach
    • 1958 – Meredith Brooks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1959 – John Linnell, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1959 – Scott Thompson, Canadian actor and comedian
    • 1960 – Joe Kopicki, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Jordan Peterson, Canadian psychologist, professor and cultural critic
    • 1963 – Philippe Bugalski, French race car driver (d. 2012)
    • 1963 – Warwick Capper, Australian footballer, coach, and actor
    • 1963 – Tim DeKay, American actor
    • 1963 – Jerry Lynn, American wrestler
    • 1964 – Derek Higgins, Irish race car driver
    • 1964 – Kent Jones, American journalist
    • 1964 – Paula Marshall, American actress
    • 1964 – Peter Such, Scottish-born, English cricketer
    • 1965 – Adrian Toole, Australian rugby league player
    • 1965 – Gwen Torrence, American sprinter
    • 1965 – Cathy Tyson, English actress
    • 1966 – Marc Glanville, Australian rugby league player
    • 1966 – Tom Misteli, Swiss cell biologist
    • 1967 – Aivar Kuusmaa, Estonian basketball player and coach
    • 1967 – Frances O’Connor, English-Australian actress
    • 1968 – Scott Aldred, American baseball player and coach
    • 1968 – Htay Kywe, Burmese activist
    • 1968 – Bobby Sheehan, American bass player and songwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1969 – Zsolt Daczi, Hungarian guitarist (d. 2007)
    • 1969 – Héctor Garza, Mexican wrestler (d. 2013)
    • 1969 – Mathieu Schneider, American ice hockey player
    • 1969 – Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician
    • 1971 – Mark Henry, American weightlifter and wrestler
    • 1971 – Ryan Klesko, American baseball player
    • 1971 – Jérôme Romain, Caribbean-Dominican triple jumper and coach
    • 1973 – Jason Caffey, American basketball player and coach
    • 1973 – Darryl White, Australian footballer
    • 1974 – Flávio Conceição, Brazilian footballer
    • 1974 – Hideki Matsui, Japanese baseball player
    • 1974 – Jason Mewes, American actor and producer
    • 1974 – Kerry Kittles, American basketball player
    • 1975 – Bryan Alvarez, American wrestler and journalist
    • 1975 – Stéphanie Szostak, French-American actress
    • 1976 – Antawn Jamison, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Ray Price, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1976 – Thomas Sørensen, Danish footballer
    • 1977 – Wade Redden, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Kenny Wayne Shepherd, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Lewis Moody, English rugby player
    • 1979 – Dallas Clark, American football player
    • 1979 – Martine Dugrenier, Canadian wrestler
    • 1979 – Diego Milito, Argentine footballer
    • 1979 – Robyn, Swedish singer-songwriter, musician, and record producer
    • 1979 – Earl Watson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1980 – Marco Bortolami, Italian rugby player
    • 1980 – Larry Foote, American football player
    • 1980 – Ifet Taljević, German footballer
    • 1981 – Raitis Grafs, Latvian basketball player
    • 1981 – Paul Hasleby, Australian footballer
    • 1981 – Adriana Lima, Brazilian model and actress
    • 1982 – Ben Blackwell, American drummer
    • 1982 – Diem Brown, German-American journalist and activist (d. 2014)
    • 1982 – Jason David, American football player
    • 1982 – Shailaja Pujari, Indian weightlifter
    • 1982 – James Tomlinson, English cricketer
    • 1983 – Bryan Habana, South African rugby player
    • 1983 – Alexander Pipa, German rugby player
    • 1983 – Christine Sinclair, Canadian soccer player
    • 1984 – James Kwalia, Kenyan-Qatari runner
    • 1984 – Bruno Soriano, Spanish footballer
    • 1985 – Blake Ross, American computer programmer, co-created Mozilla Firefox
    • 1985 – Sam Thaiday, Australian rugby league player
    • 1985 – Kendra Wilkinson, American model, actress, and author
    • 1985 – Chris Young, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1986 – Salim Mehajer, Australian politician
    • 1986 – Harry Taylor, Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Seyi Ajirotutu, American football player
    • 1987 – Antonio Barragán, Spanish footballer
    • 1988 – Artūrs Bērziņš, Latvian basketball player
    • 1988 – Eren Derdiyok, Swiss footballer
    • 1988 – Mauricio Isla, Chilean footballer
    • 1988 – Dave Melillo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1988 – Dakota Morton, Canadian actor and radio host
    • 1989 – Emma Eliasson, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1989 – Ibrahim Jeilan, Ethiopian runner
    • 1990 – Jrue Holiday, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Kevin López, Spanish runner
    • 1990 – David Worrall, English footballer
    • 1991 – Avisail García, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1992 – Philippe Coutinho, Brazilian footballer

    Deaths on June 12

    • 796 – Hisham I, Muslim emir (b. 757)
    • 816 – Pope Leo III (b. 750)
    • 918 – Æthelflæd, Mercian daughter of Alfred the Great (b. 870)
    • 1020 – Lyfing, English archbishop (b. 999)
    • 1036 – Tedald, Italian bishop (b. 990)
    • 1144 – Al-Zamakhshari, Persian theologian (b. 1075)
    • 1152 – Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon (b. 1114)
    • 1266 – Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben (b. 1215)
    • 1294 – John I of Brienne, Count of Eu
    • 1418 – Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac (b. 1360)
    • 1435 – John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel, English commander (b. 1408)
    • 1478 – Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua (b. 1412)
    • 1524 – Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, Spanish conquistador (b. 1465)
    • 1560 – Ii Naomori, Japanese warrior (b. 1506)
    • 1560 – Imagawa Yoshimoto, Japanese daimyō (b. 1519)
    • 1565 – Adrianus Turnebus, French philologist and scholar (b. 1512)
    • 1567 – Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich, English politician, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1490)
    • 1647 – Thomas Farnaby, English scholar and educator (b. 1575)
    • 1668 – Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge, English politician (b. 1599)
    • 1675 – Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1634)
    • 1734 – James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, French-English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (b. 1670)
    • 1758 – Prince Augustus William of Prussia (b. 1722)
    • 1772 – Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, French explorer (b. 1724)
    • 1778 – Philip Livingston, American merchant and politician (b. 1716)
    • 1816 – Pierre Augereau, French general (b. 1757)
    • 1818 – Egwale Seyon, Ethiopian emperor
    • 1841 – Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Greek composer, archaeologist, and philologist (b. 1786)
    • 1900 – Lucretia Peabody Hale, American journalist and author (b. 1820)
    • 1904 – Camille of Renesse-Breidbach (b. 1836)
    • 1912 – Frédéric Passy, French economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1822)
    • 1917 – Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan-American singer-songwriter, pianist, and conductor (b. 1853)
    • 1932 – Theo Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1852)
    • 1937 – Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Russian general (b. 1893)
    • 1944 – Erich Marcks, German general (b. 1891)
    • 1946 – Médéric Martin, Canadian politician, mayor of Montreal (b. 1869)
    • 1952 – Harry Lawson, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Victoria (b. 1875)
    • 1957 – Jimmy Dorsey, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (The Dorsey Brothers and The California Ramblers) (b. 1904)
    • 1962 – John Ireland, English composer and educator (b. 1879)
    • 1963 – Medgar Evers, American soldier and activist (b. 1925)
    • 1966 – Hermann Scherchen, German viola player and conductor (b. 1891)
    • 1968 – Herbert Read, English poet and critic (b. 1893)
    • 1969 – Aleksandr Deyneka, Ukrainian-Russian painter and sculptor (b. 1899)
    • 1972 – Edmund Wilson, American critic, essayist, and editor (b. 1895)
    • 1972 – Dinanath Gopal Tendulkar, Indian writer and documentary filmmaker (b. 1909)
    • 1976 – Gopinath Kaviraj, Indian philosopher and scholar (b. 1887)
    • 1978 – Guo Moruo, Chinese historian, author, and poet (b. 1892)
    • 1978 – Georg Siimenson, Estonian footballer (b. 1912)
    • 1980 – Billy Butlin, South African-English businessman, founded the Butlins Company (b. 1899)
    • 1980 – Masayoshi Ōhira, Japanese politician, 68th Prime minister of Japan (b. 1910)
    • 1980 – Milburn Stone, American actor (b. 1904)
    • 1982 – Ian McKay, English sergeant, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1953)
    • 1982 – Karl von Frisch, Austrian-German ethologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)
    • 1983 – Norma Shearer, Canadian-American actress (b. 1902)
    • 1989 – Bruce Hamilton, Australian public servant (b. 1911)
    • 1990 – Terence O’Neill, Baron O’Neill of the Maine, English captain and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (b. 1914)
    • 1994 – Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Russian-French rabbi and author (b. 1902)
    • 1995 – Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (b. 1920)
    • 1995 – Pierre Russell, American basketball player (b. 1949)
    • 1997 – Bulat Okudzhava, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1924)
    • 1998 – Leo Buscaglia, American author and educator (b. 1924)
    • 1998 – Theresa Merritt, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
    • 1999 – J. F. Powers, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1917)
    • 2000 – Purushottam Laxman Deshpande, Indian actor, director, and producer (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Sandro Rosa do Nascimento, Brazilian criminal (b. 1978)
    • 2002 – Bill Blass, American fashion designer, founded Bill Blass Limited (b. 1922)
    • 2002 – Zena Sutherland, American reviewer of children’s literature (b. 1915)
    • 2003 – Gregory Peck, American actor and political activist (b. 1916)
    • 2005 – Scott Young, Canadian journalist and author (b. 1918)
    • 2006 – Nicky Barr, Australian rugby player and fighter pilot (b. 1915)
    • 2006 – György Ligeti, Romanian-Hungarian composer and educator (b. 1923)
    • 2006 – Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (b. 1923)
    • 2008 – Miroslav Dvořák, Czech ice hockey player (b. 1951)
    • 2008 – Derek Tapscott, Welsh footballer and manager (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Al Williamson, American illustrator (b. 1931)
    • 2011 – René Audet, Canadian bishop (b. 1920)
    • 2011 – Carl Gardner, American singer (The Coasters) (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Hector Bianciotti, Argentinian-French journalist and author (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Henry Hill, American mobster (b. 1943)
    • 2012 – Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen, Danish-German psychoanalyst and author (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Medin Zhega, Albanian footballer and manager (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Elinor Ostrom, American political scientist and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Pahiño, Spanish footballer (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Frank Walker, Australian judge and politician, 41st Attorney General of New South Wales (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Teresita Barajuen, Spanish nun (b. 1908)
    • 2013 – Jason Leffler, American race car driver (b. 1975)
    • 2013 – Joseph A. Unanue, American sergeant and businessman (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Nabil Hemani, Algerian footballer (b. 1979)
    • 2014 – Dan Jacobson, South African-English author and critic (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Frank Schirrmacher, German journalist (b. 1959)
    • 2015 – Fernando Brant, Brazilian journalist, poet, and composer (b. 1946)
    • 2015 – Frederick Pei Li, Chinese-American physician and academic (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Patrick Lennox Tierney, American historian and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2016 – Omar Mateen, American mass murderer (b. 1986)
    • 2016 – George Voinovich, American politician (b. 1936)
    • 2016 – Janet Waldo, American actress and voice artist (b. 1920)

    Holidays and observances on June 12

    • Chaco Armistice Day (Paraguay)
    • Christian feast day:
      • 108 Martyrs of World War II
      • Basilides, Cyrinus, Nabor and Nazarius
      • Blessed Hildegard Burjan
      • Enmegahbowh (Episcopal Church)
      • Eskil
      • First Ecumenical Council (Lutheran)
      • Gaspar Bertoni
      • John of Sahagún
      • Onuphrius
      • Pope Leo III
      • Ternan
      • June 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Dia dos Namorados (Brazil)
    • Helsinki Day (Finland)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of the Philippines from Spain in 1898.
    • June 12 Commemoration (Lagos State)
    • Loving Day (United States)
    • Russia Day (Russia)
    • World Day Against Child Labour, and its related observances:
      • Children’s Day (Haiti)

  • June 7- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).
    • 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state.
    • 1002 – Henry II, a cousin of Emperor Otto III, is elected and crowned King of Germany.
    • 1099 – First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins.
    • 1420 – Troops of the Republic of Venice capture Udine, ending the independence of the Patria del Friuli.
    • 1494 – Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries.
    • 1628 – The Petition of Right, a major English constitutional document, is granted the Royal Assent by Charles I and becomes law.
    • 1654 – Louis XIV is crowned King of France.
    • 1692 – Port Royal, Jamaica, is hit by a catastrophic earthquake; in just three minutes, 1,600 people are killed and 3,000 are seriously injured.
    • 1776 – Richard Henry Lee presents the “Lee Resolution” to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and will lead to the United States Declaration of Independence.
    • 1788 – French Revolution: Day of the Tiles: Civilians in Grenoble toss roof tiles and various objects down upon royal troops.
    • 1800 – David Thompson reaches the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in Manitoba.
    • 1810 – The newspaper Gazeta de Buenos Ayres is first published in Argentina.
    • 1832 – The Great Reform Act of England and Wales receives royal assent.
    • 1832 – Asian cholera reaches Quebec, brought by Irish immigrants, and kills about 6,000 people in Lower Canada.
    • 1862 – The United States and the United Kingdom agree in the Lyons–Seward Treaty to suppress the African slave trade.
    • 1863 – During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.
    • 1866 – One thousand eight hundred Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after looting and plundering the Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg areas of Canada East.
    • 1880 – War of the Pacific: The Battle of Arica, the assault and capture of Morro de Arica (Arica Cape), ends the Campaña del Desierto (Desert Campaign).
    • 1892 – Homer Plessy is arrested for refusing to leave his seat in the “whites-only” car of a train; he lost the resulting court case, Plessy v. Ferguson.
    • 1899 – American Temperance crusader Carrie Nation begins her campaign of vandalizing alcohol-serving establishments by destroying the inventory in a saloon in Kiowa, Kansas.
    • 1905 – Norway’s parliament dissolves its union with Sweden. The vote was confirmed by a national plebiscite on August 13 of that year.
    • 1906 – Cunard Line’s RMS Lusitania is launched from the John Brown Shipyard, Glasgow (Clydebank), Scotland.
    • 1917 – World War I: Battle of Messines: Allied soldiers detonate a series of mines underneath German trenches at Messines Ridge, killing 10,000 German troops.
    • 1919 – Sette Giugno: Nationalist riots break out in Valletta, the capital of Malta. British soldiers fire into the crowd, killing four people.
    • 1929 – The Lateran Treaty is ratified, bringing Vatican City into existence.
    • 1938 – The Douglas DC-4E makes its first test flight.
    • 1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Nationalist government creates the 1938 Yellow River flood to halt Japanese forces. Five hundred to nine hundred thousand civilians are killed.
    • 1940 – King Haakon VII, Crown Prince Olav and the Norwegian government leave Tromsø and go into exile in London. They return exactly five years later.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Battle of Midway ends in American victory.
    • 1942 – World War II: Aleutian Islands Campaign: Imperial Japanese soldiers begin occupying the American islands of Attu and Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska.
    • 1944 – World War II: The steamer Danae, carrying 350 Cretan Jews and 250 Cretan partisans, is sunk without survivors off the shore of Santorini.
    • 1944 – World War II: Battle of Normandy: At Ardenne Abbey, members of the SS Division Hitlerjugend massacre 23 Canadian prisoners of war.
    • 1945 – King Haakon VII of Norway returns from exactly five years in exile during World War II.
    • 1946 – The United Kingdom’s BBC returns to broadcasting its television service, which has been off air for seven years because of the Second World War.
    • 1948 – Anti-Jewish riots in Oujda and Jerada take place.
    • 1948 – Edvard Beneš resigns as President of Czechoslovakia rather than signing the Ninth-of-May Constitution, making his nation a Communist state.
    • 1955 – Lux Radio Theatre signs off the air permanently. The show launched in New York in 1934, and featured radio adaptations of Broadway shows and popular films.
    • 1962 – The Organisation Armée Secrète (OAS) sets fire to the University of Algiers library building, destroying about 500,000 books.
    • 1965 – The Supreme Court of the United States hands down its decision in Griswold v. Connecticut, prohibiting the states from criminalizing the use of contraception by married couples.
    • 1967 – Six-Day War: Israeli soldiers enter Jerusalem.
    • 1971 – The United States Supreme Court overturns the conviction of Paul Cohen for disturbing the peace, setting the precedent that vulgar writing is protected under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.
    • 1971 – The Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Division of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service raids the home of Ken Ballew for illegal possession of hand grenades.
    • 1977 – Five hundred million people watch the high day of the Silver Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II begin on television.
    • 1981 – The Israeli Air Force destroys Iraq’s Osiraq nuclear reactor during Operation Opera.
    • 1982 – Priscilla Presley opens Graceland to the public; the bathroom where Elvis Presley died five years earlier is kept off-limits.
    • 1989 – Surinam Airways Flight 764 crashes on approach to Paramaribo-Zanderij International Airport in Suriname because of pilot error, killing 176 of 187 aboard.
    • 1991 – Mount Pinatubo erupts, generating an ash column 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) high.
    • 2000 – The United Nations defines the Blue Line as the border between Israel and Lebanon.
    • 2013 – A bus catches fire in the Chinese city of Xiamen, killing at least 47 people and injuring more than 34 others.
    • 2013 – A gunman opens fire at Santa Monica College in Santa Monica, California, after setting a house on fire nearby, killing six people, including the suspect.
    • 2014 – At least 37 people are killed in an attack in the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s South Kivu province.

    Births on June 7

    • 1003 – Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia (d. 1048)
    • 1402 – Ichijō Kaneyoshi, Japanese noble (d. 1481)
    • 1422 – Federico da Montefeltro, Italian condottiero (d. 1482)
    • 1502 – John III of Portugal (d. 1557)
    • 1529 – Étienne Pasquier, French lawyer and jurist (d. 1615)
    • 1687 – Gaetano Berenstadt, Italian actor and singer (d. 1734)
    • 1702 – Louis George, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1761)
    • 1757 – Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (d. 1806)
    • 1761 – John Rennie the Elder, Scottish engineer (d. 1821)
    • 1770 – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1828)
    • 1778 – Beau Brummell, English cricketer and fashion designer (d. 1840)
    • 1811 – James Young Simpson, Scottish obstetrician (d. 1870)
    • 1831 – Amelia Edwards, English journalist and author (d. 1892)
    • 1837 – Alois Hitler, Austrian civil servant (d. 1903)
    • 1840 – Carlota of Mexico (d. 1927)
    • 1845 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1930)
    • 1847 – George Washington Ball, American legislator from Iowa (d. 1915)
    • 1848 – Paul Gauguin, French painter and sculptor (d. 1903)
    • 1851 – Ture Malmgren, Swedish journalist and politician (d. 1922)
    • 1861 – Robina Nicol, New Zealand photographer and suffragist (d. 1942)
    • 1862 – Philipp Lenard, Slovak-German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
    • 1863 – Bones Ely, American baseball player and manager (d. 1952)
    • 1868 – Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Scottish painter and architect (d. 1928)
    • 1877 – Roelof Klein, Dutch-American rower and engineer (d. 1960)
    • 1879 – Knud Rasmussen, Danish anthropologist and explorer (d. 1933)
    • 1879 – Joan Voûte, Dutch astronomer and academic (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Ester Claesson, Swedish landscape architect (d. 1931)
    • 1883 – Sylvanus Morley, American archaeologist and scholar (d. 1948)
    • 1886 – Henri Coandă, Romanian engineer, designed the Coandă-1910 (d. 1972)
    • 1888 – Clarence DeMar, American runner and educator (d. 1958)
    • 1892 – Leo Reise, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1975)
    • 1893 – Gillis Grafström, Swedish figure skater and architect (d. 1938)
    • 1894 – Alexander P. de Seversky, Georgian-American pilot and engineer, co-designed the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt (d. 1974)
    • 1896 – Douglas Campbell, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1990)
    • 1896 – Robert S. Mulliken, American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
    • 1896 – Imre Nagy, Hungarian soldier and politician, 44th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1958)
    • 1897 – George Szell, Hungarian-American conductor and composer (d. 1970)
    • 1899 – Elizabeth Bowen, Anglo-Irish author and critic (d. 1973)
    • 1902 – Georges Van Parys, French composer (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Herman B Wells, American banker, author, and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1905 – James J. Braddock, American lieutenant and boxer (d. 1974)
    • 1906 – Glen Gray, American saxophonist and bandleader (d. 1963)
    • 1907 – Sigvard Bernadotte, Count of Wisborg (d. 2002)
    • 1909 – Virginia Apgar, American anesthesiologist and pediatrician, developed the Apgar test (d. 1974)
    • 1909 – Peter W. Rodino, American captain, lawyer, and politician (d. 2005)
    • 1909 – Jessica Tandy, English-American actress (d. 1994)
    • 1910 – Arthur Gardner, American actor and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1910 – Mike Sebastian, American football player and coach (d. 1989)
    • 1910 – Bradford Washburn, American mountaineer, photographer, and cartographer (d. 2007)
    • 1910 – Marion Post Wolcott, American photographer (d. 1990)
    • 1911 – Brooks Stevens, American engineer and designer, designed the Wienermobile (d. 1995)
    • 1912 – Jacques Hélian, French bandleader (d. 1986)
    • 1917 – Gwendolyn Brooks, American poet (d. 2000)
    • 1917 – Dean Martin, American singer, actor, and producer (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Georges Marchais, French mechanic and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1921 – Myrtle Edwards, Australian cricketer and softball player (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Brian Talboys, New Zealand politician, 7th Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 2012)
    • 1922 – Leo Reise, Jr., Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Jules Deschênes, Canadian lawyer and judge (d. 2000)
    • 1925 – Ernestina Herrera de Noble, Argentine publisher and executive (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Jean-Noël Tremblay, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2020)
    • 1927 – Charles de Tornaco, Belgian race car driver (d. 1953)
    • 1927 – Paul Salamunovich, American conductor and educator (d. 2014)
    • 1928 – Dave Bowen, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 1995)
    • 1928 – James Ivory, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1928 – Randolph Turpin, English boxer (d. 1966)
    • 1929 – Ernie Roth, American wrestling manager (d. 1983)
    • 1929 – John Turner, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Prime Minister of Canada
    • 1931 – Virginia McKenna, English actress and author
    • 1932 – Per Maurseth, Norwegian historian, academic, and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Romeo Galán, Argentine athlete
    • 1935 – Harry Crews, American novelist, playwright, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Shyama, Indian actress (d. 2017)
    • 1936 – Bert Sugar, American author and boxing historian (d. 2012)
    • 1938 – Ian St John, Scottish international footballer, forward and manager
    • 1939 – Yuli Turovsky, Russian-Canadian cellist, conductor and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Tom Jones, Welsh singer and actor
    • 1940 – Ronald Pickup, English actor
    • 1944 – Annette Lu, Taiwanese lawyer and politician, 8th Vice President of the Republic of China
    • 1944 – Clarence White, American guitarist and singer (d. 1973)
    • 1945 – Gilles Marotte, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
    • 1945 – John Olsen, Australian politician, 42nd Premier of South Australia
    • 1945 – Wolfgang Schüssel, Austrian lawyer and politician, 26th Chancellor of Austria
    • 1947 – Don Money, American baseball player and coach
    • 1947 – Thurman Munson, American baseball player (d. 1979)
    • 1948 – Jim Walton, American businessman
    • 1952 – Liam Neeson, Irish-American actor
    • 1952 – Orhan Pamuk, Turkish-American novelist, screenwriter, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1953 – Johnny Clegg, English- born South African singer-songwriter, guitarist and anthropologist (d. 2019)
    • 1954 – Louise Erdrich, American novelist and poet
    • 1955 – William Forsythe, American actor and producer
    • 1955 – Tim Richmond, American race car driver (d. 1989)
    • 1956 – L.A. Reid, American songwriter and producer, co-founded LaFace Records
    • 1957 – Juan Luis Guerra, Dominican singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1957 – Paddy McAloon, English singer-songwriter
    • 1958 – Prince, American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and actor (d. 2016)
    • 1958 – Surakiart Sathirathai, Thai politician and diplomat
    • 1959 – Mike Pence, 48th Vice President of the United States, 50th Governor of Indiana
    • 1960 – Hirohiko Araki, Japanese manga artist and creator of JoJo’s Bizarre Adventure
    • 1960 – Bill Prady, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1961 – Dave Catching, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1962 – Thierry Hazard, French singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Takuya Kurosawa, Japanese race car driver
    • 1963 – Gordon Gano, American musician
    • 1964 – Gia Carides, Australian actress
    • 1964 – Graeme Labrooy, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1965 – Mick Foley, American wrestler, actor, and author
    • 1965 – Jean-Pierre François, French footballer and singer
    • 1965 – Damien Hirst, English painter and art collector
    • 1966 – Eric Kretz, American drummer, songwriter, and producer
    • 1966 – Tom McCarthy, American director, screenwriter and actor
    • 1966 – Stéphane Richer, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1967 – Dave Navarro, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1970 – Helen Baxendale, English actress
    • 1970 – Cafu, Brazilian footballer
    • 1970 – Andrei Kovalenko, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1970 – Mike Modano, American ice hockey player
    • 1972 – Karl Urban, New Zealand actor
    • 1974 – Bear Grylls, English adventurer, author, and television host
    • 1975 – Allen Iverson, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Necro, American rapper, producer, and director
    • 1976 – Mirsad Türkcan, Turkish basketball player
    • 1977 – Marcin Baszczyński, Polish footballer
    • 1978 – Mini Andén, Swedish-American model, actress, and producer
    • 1978 – Bill Hader, Two-time Emmy winning American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1979 – Kevin Hofland, Dutch footballer
    • 1979 – Anna Torv, Australian actress
    • 1980 – Ed Moses, American swimmer
    • 1981 – Stephen Bywater, English footballer
    • 1981 – Anna Kournikova, Russian tennis player
    • 1981 – Kevin Kyle, Scottish footballer
    • 1983 – Milan Jurčina, Slovak ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Piotr Małachowski, Polish discus thrower
    • 1984 – Ari Koivunen, Finnish singer-songwriter
    • 1984 – Eri Yanetani, Japanese snowboarder
    • 1985 – Arkadiusz Piech, Polish footballer
    • 1985 – Charlie Simpson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1985 – Richard Thompson, Trinidadian sprinter
    • 1986 – Keegan Bradley, American golfer
    • 1988 – Michael Cera, Canadian actor
    • 1988 – Milan Lucic, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Iggy Azalea, Australian rapper
    • 1990 – T. J. Brodie, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Allison Schmitt, American swimmer
    • 1991 – Cenk Tosun, Turkish professional footballer
    • 1991 – Fetty Wap, American rapper
    • 1992 – Sara Niemietz, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1992 – Mathias Gehrt, Danish professional footballer
    • 1992 – Alípio, Brazilian footballer
    • 1993 – George Ezra, English singer, songwriter and guitarist

    Deaths on June 7

    • 555 – Vigilius, Pope of the Catholic Church (b. 500)
    • 862 – Al-Muntasir, Abbasid caliph (b. 837)
    • 929 – Ælfthryth, Countess of Flanders (b. 877)
    • 940 – Qian Hongzun, heir apparent of Wuyue (b. 925)
    • 951 – Lu Wenji, Chinese chancellor (b. 876)
    • 1329 – Robert the Bruce, Scottish king (b. 1274)
    • 1337 – William I, Count of Hainaut (b. 1286)
    • 1341 – An-Nasir Muhammad, Egyptian sultan (b. 1285)
    • 1358 – Ashikaga Takauji, Japanese shōgun (b. 1305)
    • 1394 – Anne of Bohemia, English queen (b. 1366)
    • 1492 – Casimir IV Jagiellon, Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440 and King of Poland from 1447 (b. 1427)
    • 1594 – Rodrigo Lopez, physician of Queen Elizabeth (b. 1525)
    • 1618 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1577)
    • 1660 – George II Rákóczi, Prince of Transylvania (b. 1621)
    • 1711 – Henry Dodwell, Irish scholar and theologian (b. 1641)
    • 1779 – William Warburton, English bishop and critic (b. 1698)
    • 1792 – Benjamin Tupper, American general and surveyor (b. 1738)
    • 1810 – Luigi Schiavonetti, Italian engraver and etcher (b. 1765)
    • 1826 – Joseph von Fraunhofer, German optician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1787)
    • 1840 – Frederick William III of Prussia (b. 1770)
    • 1843 – Friedrich Hölderlin, German lyric poet (b. 1770)
    • 1853 – Norbert Provencher, Canadian missionary and bishop (b. 1787)
    • 1854 – Charles Baudin, French admiral (b. 1792)
    • 1859 – David Cox, English painter (b. 1783)
    • 1861 – Patrick Brontë, Anglo-Irish priest and author (b. 1777)
    • 1863 – Antonio Valero de Bernabé, Latin American liberator (b. 1790)
    • 1866 – Chief Seattle, American tribal chief (b. 1780)
    • 1879 – William Tilbury Fox, English dermatologist and academic (b. 1836)
    • 1896 – Pavlos Carrer, Greek composer (b. 1829)
    • 1911 – Maurice Rouvier, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
    • 1915 – Charles Reed Bishop, American banker and politician, founded the First Hawaiian Bank (b. 1822)
    • 1916 – Émile Faguet, French author and critic (b. 1847)
    • 1927 – Archie Birkin, English motorcycle racer (b. 1905)
    • 1927 – Edmund James Flynn, Canadian lawyer and politician, 10th Premier of Quebec (b. 1847)
    • 1932 – John Verran, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of South Australia (b. 1856)
    • 1933 – Dragutin Domjanić, Croatian lawyer, judge, and poet (b. 1875)
    • 1936 – Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer (b. 1875)
    • 1937 – Jean Harlow, American actress and singer (b. 1911)
    • 1942 – Alan Blumlein, English engineer (b. 1903)
    • 1945 – Kitaro Nishida, Japanese philosopher and academic (b. 1870)
    • 1954 – Alan Turing, English mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1912)
    • 1956 – John Willcock, Australian politician, 15th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1879)
    • 1961 – Reginald Fletcher, 1st Baron Winster, English navy officer and politician, Secretary of State for Transport (b. 1885)
    • 1963 – ZaSu Pitts, American actress (b. 1894)
    • 1965 – Judy Holliday, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
    • 1966 – Jean Arp, German-French sculptor, painter, and poet (b. 1886)
    • 1967 – Anatoly Maltsev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1909)
    • 1967 – Dorothy Parker, American poet, short story writer, critic, and satirist (b. 1893)
    • 1968 – Dan Duryea, American actor and singer (b. 1907)
    • 1970 – E. M. Forster, English novelist, short story writer, essayist (b. 1879)
    • 1978 – Charles Moran, American race car driver (b. 1906)
    • 1978 – Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1979 – Asa Earl Carter, American Ku Klux Klan leader (b. 1925)
    • 1980 – Elizabeth Craig, Scottish journalist and economist (b. 1883)
    • 1980 – Philip Guston, Canadian-American painter and educator (b. 1913)
    • 1980 – Henry Miller, American novelist and essayist (b. 1891)
    • 1985 – Klaudia Taev, Estonian opera singer and educator (b. 1906)
    • 1987 – Cahit Zarifoğlu, Turkish poet and author (b. 1940)
    • 1988 – Martin Sommer, German SS officer (b. 1915)
    • 1989 – Chico Landi, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1907)
    • 1989 – William McLean Hamilton, Canadian politician, Postmaster General of Canada (b. 1919)
    • 1992 – Bill France Sr., American race car driver and businessman, co-founded NASCAR (b. 1909)
    • 1993 – Dražen Petrović, Croatian basketball player, Naismith Basketball Hall of Famer 2002 (b. 1964)
    • 1995 – Hsuan Hua, Chinese monk and educator (b. 1918)
    • 1995 – Charles Ritchie, Canadian diplomat, High Commission of Canada to the United Kingdom (b. 1906)
    • 1996 – Max Factor, Jr., American businessman (b. 1904)
    • 1997 – Jacques Canetti, French music executive and talent agent (b. 1909)
    • 2001 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician, 52nd President of Bolivia (b. 1907)
    • 2001 – Carole Fredericks, French singer (Fredericks Goldman Jones) (b. 1952)
    • 2001 – Betty Neels, English nurse and author (b. 1910)
    • 2002 – Signe Hasso, Swedish-American actress (b. 1915)
    • 2002 – B. D. Jatti, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th Vice President of India (b. 1912)
    • 2002 – Lilian, Princess of Réthy (b. 1916)
    • 2004 – Quorthon, Swedish musician (b. 1966)
    • 2008 – Rudy Fernandez, Filipino actor and producer (b. 1953)
    • 2008 – Jim McKay, American journalist and sportscaster (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Dino Risi, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1916)
    • 2009 – Hugh Hopper, English bass player and songwriter (b. 1945)
    • 2011 – Paul Dickson, American football player and coach (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Phillip V. Tobias, South African paleontologist and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Bob Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Fernandão, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1978)
    • 2014 – Dora Akunyili, Nigerian academic and politician (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Epainette Mbeki, South African activist (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Christopher Lee, English actor (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Sheikh Razzak Ali, Bangladeshi journalist and politician (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on June 7

    • Anniversary of the Memorandum of the Slovak Nation (Slovakia)
    • Birthday of Prince Joachim (Denmark)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Antonio Maria Gianelli
      • Colmán of Dromore
      • Landulf of Yariglia (Asti)
      • Meriasek
      • Paul I of Constantinople
      • Robert of Newminster
      • Chief Seattle (Lutheran Church)
      • Blessed Marie-Thérèse de Soubiran La Louvière
      • June 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
      • Commemoration Day of St John the Forerunner (Armenian Apostolic Church)
      • Pioneers of the Episcopal Anglican Church of Brazil (Episcopal Church (USA))
    • Battle of Arica Day (Arica y Parinacota Region, Chile)
    • Flag Day (Peru)
    • Journalist Day (Argentina)
    • Sette Giugno (Malta)
    • Union Dissolution Day (Independence Day of Norway)
  • |

    May 31- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome.
    • 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat Kievan Rus’ and Cumans.
    • 1293 – Mongol invasion of Java was a punitive expedition against King Kertanegara of Singhasari, who had refused to pay tribute to the Yuan and maimed one of its ministers. However, it ended with failure for the Mongols. Regarded as establish City of Surabaya
    • 1578 – King Henry III lays the first stone of the Pont Neuf (New Bridge), the oldest bridge of Paris, France.
    • 1669 – Citing poor eyesight as a reason, Samuel Pepys records the last event in his diary.
    • 1775 – American Revolution: The Mecklenburg Resolves are adopted in the Province of North Carolina.
    • 1790 – Manuel Quimper explores the Strait of Juan de Fuca.
    • 1790 – The United States enacts its first copyright statute, the Copyright Act of 1790.
    • 1795 – French Revolution: The Revolutionary Tribunal is suppressed.
    • 1805 – French and Spanish forces begin the assault against British forces occupying Diamond Rock.
    • 1813 – In Australia, William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth reach Mount Blaxland, effectively marking the end of a route across the Blue Mountains.
    • 1859 – The clock tower at the Houses of Parliament, which houses Big Ben, starts keeping time.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Peninsula Campaign: Confederate forces under Joseph E. Johnston and G.W. Smith engage Union forces under George B. McClellan outside Richmond, Virginia.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: The Army of Northern Virginia engages the Army of the Potomac.
    • 1879 – Gilmore’s Garden in New York City is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Henry Vanderbilt and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
    • 1884 – The arrival at Plymouth of Tāwhiao, King of Maoris, to claim the protection of Queen Victoria.
    • 1889 – Johnstown Flood: Over 2,200 people die after a dam fails and sends a 60-foot (18-meter) wall of water over the town of Johnstown, Pennsylvania.
    • 1902 – Second Boer War: The Treaty of Vereeniging ends the war and ensures British control of South Africa.
    • 1909 – The National Negro Committee, forerunner to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), convenes for the first time.
    • 1910 – The South Africa Act comes into force, establishing the Union of South Africa.
    • 1911 – The RMS Titanic is launched in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
    • 1911 – The President of Mexico Porfirio Díaz flees the country during the Mexican Revolution.
    • 1916 – World War I: Battle of Jutland: The British Grand Fleet engages the High Seas Fleet in the largest naval battle of the war, which proves indecisive.
    • 1921 – The Tulsa race massacre kills at least 39, but other estimates of black fatalities vary from 55 to about 300.
    • 1935 – A 7.7 Mw  earthquake destroys Quetta in modern-day Pakistan killing 40,000.
    • 1941 – Anglo-Iraqi War: The United Kingdom completes the re-occupation of Iraq and returns ‘Abd al-Ilah to power as regent for Faisal II.
    • 1942 – World War II: Imperial Japanese Navy midget submarines begin a series of attacks on Sydney, Australia.
    • 1947 – Ferenc Nagy, the democratically elected Prime Minister of Hungary, resigns from office after blackmail from the Hungarian Communist Party accusing him of being part of a plot against the state. This grants the Communists effective control of the Hungarian government.
    • 1961 – The South African Constitution of 1961 becomes effective, thus creating the Republic of South Africa, which remains outside the Commonwealth of Nations until 1 June 1994, when South Africa is returned to Commonwealth membership.
    • 1961 – In Moscow City Court, the Rokotov–Faibishenko show trial begins, despite the Khrushchev Thaw to reverse Stalinist elements in Soviet society.
    • 1962 – The West Indies Federation dissolves.
    • 1970 – The 7.9 Mw  Ancash earthquake shakes Peru with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) and a landslide buries the town of Yungay, Peru. Between 66,794–70,000 were killed and 50,000 were injured.
    • 1971 – In accordance with the Uniform Monday Holiday Act passed by the U.S. Congress in 1968, observation of Memorial Day occurs on the last Monday in May for the first time, rather than on the traditional Memorial Day of May 30.
    • 1973 – The United States Senate votes to cut off funding for the bombing of Khmer Rouge targets within Cambodia, hastening the end of the Cambodian Civil War.
    • 1977 – The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System is completed.
    • 1985 – United States–Canada tornado outbreak: Forty-one tornadoes hit Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Ontario, leaving 76 dead.
    • 1991 – Bicesse Accords in Angola lay out a transition to multi-party democracy under the supervision of the United Nations’ UNAVEM II mission.
    • 2005 – Vanity Fair reveals that Mark Felt was “Deep Throat”.
    • 2008 – Usain Bolt breaks the world record in the 100m sprint, with a wind-legal (+1.7 m/s) 9.72 seconds
    • 2010 – Israeli Shayetet 13 commandos boarded the Gaza Freedom Flotilla while still in international waters trying to break the ongoing blockade of the Gaza Strip; nine Turkish citizens on the flotilla were killed in the ensuing violent affray.
    • 2013 – The asteroid 1998 QE2 and its moon make their closest approach to Earth for the next two centuries.
    • 2013 – A record breaking 2.6 mile wide tornado strikes El Reno, Oklahoma, United States, causing eight fatalities and over 150 injuries.
    • 2017 – A car bomb explodes in a crowded intersection in Kabul near the German embassy during rush hour, killing over 90 and injuring 463.
    • 2017 – U.S. President Donald Trump tweets the word “covfefe” and quickly becomes a worldwide viral phenomenon.
    • 2019 – A shooting occurs inside a municipal building at Virginia Beach, Virginia, leaving 13 people dead, including the shooter, and four others injured.

    Births on May 31

    • 1443 (or 1441) – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby (d. 1509)
    • 1462 – Philipp II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1504)
    • 1469 – Manuel I of Portugal (d. 1521)
    • 1535 – Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (d. 1607)
    • 1556 – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Catholic cardinal (d. 1600)
    • 1577 – Nur Jahan, Empress consort of the Mughal Empire (d. 1645)
    • 1613 – John George II, Elector of Saxony (d. 1680)
    • 1640 – Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King of Poland (d. 1673)
    • 1641 – Patriarch Dositheos II of Jerusalem (d. 1707)
    • 1725 – Ahilyabai Holkar, Queen of the Malwa Kingdom under the Maratha Empire (d. 1795)
    • 1732 – Count Hieronymus von Colloredo, Austrian archbishop (d. 1812)
    • 1753 – Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud, French lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
    • 1754 – Andrea Appiani, Italian painter and educator (d. 1817)
    • 1773 – Ludwig Tieck, German poet, author, and critic (d. 1853)
    • 1801 – Johann Georg Baiter, Swiss philologist and scholar (d. 1887)
    • 1815 – Adye Douglas, English-Australian cricketer and politician, 15th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1906)
    • 1818 – John Albion Andrew, American lawyer and politician, 25th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1867)
    • 1819 – Walt Whitman, American poet, essayist, and journalist (d. 1892)
    • 1827 – Kusumoto Ine, first Japanese female doctor of Western medicine (d. 1903)
    • 1835 – Hijikata Toshizō, Japanese commander (d. 1869)
    • 1838 – Henry Sidgwick, English economist and philosopher (d. 1900)
    • 1842 – John Cox Bray, Australian politician, 15th Premier of South Australia (d. 1894)
    • 1847 – William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie, Canadian-Irish businessman and politician, Lord Mayor of Belfast (d. 1924)
    • 1852 – Francisco Moreno, Argentinian explorer and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1852 – Julius Richard Petri, German microbiologist, invented the Petri dish (d. 1921)
    • 1857 – Pope Pius XI (d. 1939)
    • 1858 – Graham Wallas, English socialist, social psychologist, and educationalist (d. 1932)
    • 1860 – Walter Sickert, English painter (d. 1942)
    • 1863 – Francis Younghusband, Indian-English captain and explorer (d. 1942)
    • 1866 – John Ringling, American entrepreneur; one of the founders of the Ringling Brothers Circus (d. 1936)
    • 1875 – Rosa May Billinghurst, British suffragette and women’s rights activist (d.1953)
    • 1879 – Frances Alda, New Zealand-Australian soprano (d. 1952)
    • 1882 – Sándor Festetics, Hungarian politician, Hungarian Minister of War (d. 1956)
    • 1883 – Lauri Kristian Relander, Finnish politician, 2nd President of Finland (d. 1942)
    • 1885 – Robert Richards, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of South Australia (d. 1967)
    • 1887 – Saint-John Perse, French poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
    • 1892 – Michel Kikoine, Belarusian-French painter (d. 1968)
    • 1892 – Erich Neumann, German lieutenant and politician (d. 1951)
    • 1892 – Konstantin Paustovsky, Russian poet and author (d. 1968)
    • 1892 – Gregor Strasser, German lieutenant and politician (d. 1934)
    • 1894 – Fred Allen, American comedian, radio host, game show panelist, and author (d. 1956)
    • 1898 – Norman Vincent Peale, American minister and author (d. 1993)
    • 1900 – Lucile Godbold, American Olympic athlete (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Alfredo Antonini, Italian-American conductor and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1908 – Don Ameche, American actor (d. 1993)
    • 1909 – Art Coulter, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2000)
    • 1911 – Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
    • 1912 – Chien-Shiung Wu, Chinese-American experimental physicist (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Akira Ifukube, Japanese composer and educator (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Bert Haanstra, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1997)
    • 1918 – Robert Osterloh, American actor (d. 2001)
    • 1918 – Lloyd Quarterman, African American chemist (d. 1982)
    • 1919 – Robie Macauley, American editor, novelist and critic (d. 1995)
    • 1921 – Edna Doré, English actress (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Andrew Grima, Anglo-Italian jewellery designer (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – Howard Reig, American radio and television announcer (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Alida Valli, Austrian-Italian actress and singer (d. 2006)
    • 1922 – Denholm Elliott, English-Spanish actor (d. 1992)
    • 1923 – Ellsworth Kelly, American painter and sculptor (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
    • 1925 – Julian Beck, American actor and director (d. 1986)
    • 1927 – James Eberle, English admiral (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Michael Sandberg, Baron Sandberg, English lieutenant and banker (d. 2017)
    • 1928 – Pankaj Roy, Indian cricketer (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Menahem Golan, Israeli director and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Clint Eastwood, American actor, director, musician, and producer
    • 1931 – John Robert Schrieffer, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Shirley Verrett, American soprano and actress (d. 2010)
    • 1932 – Ed Lincoln, Brazilian pianist, bassist, and composer (d. 2012)
    • 1932 – Jay Miner, American computer scientist and engineer (d. 1994)
    • 1933 – Henry B. Eyring, American religious leader, educator, and author
    • 1934 – Jim Hutton, American actor (d. 1979)
    • 1935 – Jim Bolger, New Zealand businessman and politician, 35th Prime Minister of New Zealand
    • 1938 – Johnny Paycheck, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2003)
    • 1938 – John Prescott, British sailor and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    • 1938 – Peter Yarrow, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1939 – Terry Waite, English humanitarian and author
    • 1940 – Anatoliy Bondarchuk, Ukrainian hammer thrower and coach
    • 1940 – Augie Meyers, American musician and singer-songwriter
    • 1940 – Gilbert Shelton, American illustrator
    • 1941 – June Clark, Welsh nurse and educator
    • 1941 – Louis Ignarro, American pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – William Nordhaus, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1943 – Sharon Gless, American actress
    • 1943 – Joe Namath, American football player, sportscaster, and actor
    • 1945 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1982)
    • 1945 – Laurent Gbagbo, Ivorian academic and politician, 4th President of Côte d’Ivoire
    • 1945 – Bernard Goldberg, American journalist and author
    • 1946 – Ted Baehr, American publisher and critic
    • 1946 – Steve Bucknor, Jamaican cricketer and umpire
    • 1946 – Krista Kilvet, Estonian journalist, politician, and diplomat (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Debbie Moore, English model and businesswoman
    • 1947 – Junior Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1947 – Gabriele Hinzmann, German discus thrower
    • 1948 – Svetlana Alexievich, Belarusian journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1948 – John Bonham, English musician, songwriter and drummer (d. 1980)
    • 1948 – Martin Hannett, English bass player, guitarist, and record producer (d. 1991)
    • 1948 – Duncan Hunter, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician
    • 1949 – Tom Berenger, American actor, film producer and television writer
    • 1950 – Jean Chalopin, French director, producer, and screenwriter, founded DIC Entertainment
    • 1950 – Gregory Harrison, American actor
    • 1950 – Edgar Savisaar, Estonian politician, Estonian Minister of the Interior
    • 1951 – Karl-Hans Riehm, German hammer thrower
    • 1952 – Karl Bartos, German singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1953 – Pirkka-Pekka Petelius, Finnish actor and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Thomas Mavros, Greek footballer
    • 1954 – Vicki Sue Robinson, American actress and singer (d. 2000)
    • 1955 – Tommy Emmanuel, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1955 – Susie Essman, American actress, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Fritz Hilpert, German drummer and composer
    • 1956 – John Young, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1957 – Jim Craig, American ice hockey player
    • 1959 – Andrea de Cesaris, Italian racing driver (d. 2014)
    • 1959 – Phil Wilson, English politician
    • 1960 – Greg Adams, Canadian ice hockey player and businessman
    • 1960 – Chris Elliott, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Peter Winterbottom, English rugby player
    • 1961 – Ray Cote, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1961 – Justin Madden, Australian footballer and politician
    • 1961 – Lea Thompson, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1962 – Corey Hart, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1963 – David Leigh, holder of the Sir Samuel Hall Chair of Chemistry at the University of Manchester
    • 1963 – Viktor Orbán, Hungarian politician, 38th Prime Minister of Hungary
    • 1963 – Wesley Willis, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2003)
    • 1964 – Leonard Asper, Canadian lawyer and businessman
    • 1964 – Stéphane Caristan, French hurdler and coach
    • 1964 – Yukio Edano, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs
    • 1964 – Darryl “D.M.C.” McDaniels, American rapper and producer
    • 1965 – Brooke Shields, American model, actress, and producer
    • 1966 – Roshan Mahanama, Sri Lankan cricketer and referee
    • 1967 – Phil Keoghan, New Zealand television host and producer
    • 1967 – Kenny Lofton, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Arun Luthra, Indo-Anglo-American saxophonist, konnakol artist, composer, and arranger
    • 1972 – Christian McBride, American bassist and record producer
    • 1972 – Archie Panjabi, Indo-British actress
    • 1972 – Frode Estil, Norwegian skier
    • 1972 – Antti Niemi, Finnish international footballer, goalkeeper and coach
    • 1972 – Dave Roberts, American baseball player and coach
    • 1974 – Hiroiki Ariyoshi, Japanese comedian and singer
    • 1974 – Chad Campbell, American golfer
    • 1975 – Mac Suzuki, Japanese baseball player
    • 1976 – Colin Farrell, Irish actor
    • 1976 – Matt Harpring, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Theodoros Baev, Bulgarian-Greek volleyball player
    • 1977 – Domenico Fioravanti, Italian swimmer
    • 1977 – Eric Christian Olsen, American actor
    • 1977 – Moses Sichone, Zambian footballer
    • 1977 – Petr Tenkrát, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1979 – Jean-François Gillet, Belgian footballer
    • 1981 – Mikael Antonsson, Swedish footballer
    • 1981 – Daniele Bonera, Italian footballer
    • 1981 – Jake Peavy, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Marlies Schild, Austrian skier
    • 1984 – Andrew Bailey, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Milorad Čavić, Serbian swimmer
    • 1984 – Nate Robinson, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Jordy Nelson, American football player
    • 1986 – Robert Gesink, Dutch cyclist
    • 1989 – Marco Reus, German footballer
    • 1990 – Erik Karlsson, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Michaël Bournival, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Laura Ikauniece, Latvian heptathlete
    • 1996 – Normani Korde, American singer
    • 1998 – Santino Ferrucci, American race car driver

    Deaths on May 31

    • 455 – Petronius Maximus, Roman emperor (b. 396)
    • 930 – Liu Hua, princess of Southern Han (b. 896)
    • 960 – Fujiwara no Morosuke, Japanese statesman (b. 909)
    • 1076 – Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, English politician (b. 1050)
    • 1089 – Sigwin von Are, archbishop of Cologne
    • 1162 – Géza II, king of Hungary (b. 1130)
    • 1321 – Birger, king of Sweden (b. 1280)
    • 1326 – Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley (b. 1271)
    • 1329 – Albertino Mussato, Italian statesman and writer (b. 1261)
    • 1349 – Thomas Wake, English politician (b. 1297)
    • 1370 – Vitalis of Assisi, Italian hermit and monk (b. 1295)
    • 1408 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1358)
    • 1410 – Martin of Aragon, Spanish king (b. 1356)
    • 1504 – Engelbert II of Nassau (b. 1451)
    • 1558 – Philip Hoby, English general and diplomat (b. 1505)
    • 1567 – Guido de Bres, Belgian pastor and theologian (b. 1522)
    • 1594 – Tintoretto, Italian painter and educator (b. 1518)
    • 1601 – Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne (b. 1547)
    • 1640 – Zeynab Begum, Safavid princess (date of birth unknown)
    • 1665 – Pieter Jansz. Saenredam, Dutch painter (b. 1597)
    • 1680 – Joachim Neander, German theologian and educator (b. 1650)
    • 1740 – Frederick William I of Prussia (b. 1688)
    • 1747 – Andrey Osterman, German-Russian politician, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1686)
    • 1809 – Joseph Haydn, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1732)
    • 1809 – Jean Lannes, French general (b. 1769)
    • 1831 – Samuel Bentham, English architect and engineer (b. 1757)
    • 1832 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician and theorist (b. 1811)
    • 1837 – Joseph Grimaldi, English actor, comedian and dancer, (b. 1779)
    • 1846 – Philip Marheineke, German pastor and philosopher (b. 1780)
    • 1847 – Thomas Chalmers, Scottish minister and economist (b. 1780)
    • 1848 – Eugénie de Guérin, French author (b. 1805)
    • 1899 – Stefanos Koumanoudis, Greek archaeologist, teacher and writer (b. 1818)
    • 1908 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, Canadian author, poet, and politician (b. 1839)
    • 1909 – Thomas Price, Welsh-Australian politician, 24th Premier of South Australia (b. 1852)
    • 1910 – Elizabeth Blackwell, English-American physician and educator (b. 1821)
    • 1931 – Felix-Raymond-Marie Rouleau, Canadian cardinal (b. 1866)
    • 1931 – Willy Stöwer, German author and illustrator (b. 1864)
    • 1945 – Odilo Globocnik, Italian-Austrian SS officer (b. 1904)
    • 1954 – Antonis Benakis, Greek art collector and philanthropist, founded the Benaki Museum (b. 1873)
    • 1957 – Stefanos Sarafis, Greek general and politician (b. 1890)
    • 1957 – Leopold Staff, Polish poet and academic (b. 1878)
    • 1960 – Willem Elsschot, Flemish author and poet (b. 1882)
    • 1960 – Walther Funk, German economist, journalist, and politician, German Minister of Economics (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – Henry F. Ashurst, American lawyer and politician (b. 1874)
    • 1967 – Billy Strayhorn, American pianist and composer (b. 1915)
    • 1970 – Terry Sawchuk, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1929)
    • 1976 – Jacques Monod, French biologist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
    • 1977 – William Castle, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1914)
    • 1978 – József Bozsik, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1925)
    • 1981 – Barbara Ward, Baroness Jackson of Lodsworth, English economist and journalist (b. 1914)
    • 1982 – Carlo Mauri, Italian mountaineer and explorer (b. 1930)
    • 1983 – Jack Dempsey, American boxer and lieutenant (b. 1895)
    • 1985 – Gaston Rébuffat, French mountaineer and author (b. 1921)
    • 1986 – Jane Frank, American painter and sculptor (b. 1918)
    • 1986 – James Rainwater, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 1987 – John Abraham, Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
    • 1989 – Owen Lattimore, American author and academic (b. 1900)
    • 1989 – C. L. R. James, Trinidadian journalist and historian (b. 1901)
    • 1993 – Honey Tree Evil Eye, or, Spud Mackenzie, a Bull Terrier, dies of kidney failure.
    • 1994 – Uzay Heparı, Turkish actor, producer, and composer (b. 1969)
    • 1994 – Herva Nelli, Italian-American soprano (b. 1909)
    • 1995 – Stanley Elkin, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1930)
    • 1996 – Timothy Leary, American psychologist and author (b. 1920)
    • 1998 – Charles Van Acker, Belgian-American race car driver (b. 1912)
    • 2000 – Petar Mladenov, Bulgarian diplomat, 1st President of Bulgaria (b. 1936)
    • 2000 – Tito Puente, American jazz musician (b. 1923)
    • 2000 – A. Jeyaratnam Wilson, Sri Lankan historian, author, and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2001 – Arlene Francis, American actress, talk show host, game show panelist, and television personality (b. 1907)
    • 2002 – Subhash Gupte, Indian cricketer (b. 1929)
    • 2004 – Aiyathurai Nadesan, Sri Lankan journalist (b. 1954)
    • 2004 – Robert Quine, American guitarist (b. 1941)
    • 2004 – Étienne Roda-Gil, French screenwriter and composer (b. 1941)
    • 2006 – Miguel Ortiz Berrocal, Spanish sculptor (b. 1933)
    • 2006 – Raymond Davis, Jr., American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – Danny La Rue, Irish-British drag queen performer and singer (b. 1927)
    • 2009 – George Tiller, American physician (b. 1941)
    • 2010 – Louise Bourgeois, French-American sculptor and painter (b. 1911)
    • 2010 – Brian Duffy, English photographer and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2010 – William A. Fraker, American director, producer, and cinematographer (b. 1923)
    • 2010 – Rubén Juárez, Argentinian singer-songwriter and bandoneón player (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Merata Mita, New Zealand director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
    • 2011 – Pauline Betz, American tennis player (b. 1919)
    • 2011 – Jonas Bevacqua, American fashion designer, co-founded the Lifted Research Group (b. 1977)
    • 2011 – Derek Hodge, Virgin Islander lawyer and politician, Lieutenant Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (b. 1941)
    • 2011 – Hans Keilson, German-Dutch psychoanalyst and author (b. 1909)
    • 2011 – John Martin, English admiral and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (b. 1918)
    • 2011 – Andy Robustelli, American football player and manager (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Christopher Challis, English cinematographer (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Randall B. Kester, American lawyer and judge (b. 1916)
    • 2012 – Paul Pietsch, German racing driver and publisher (b. 1911)
    • 2012 – Orlando Woolridge, American basketball player and coach (b. 1959)
    • 2013 – Gerald E. Brown, American physicist and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Frederic Lindsay, Scottish author and educator (b. 1933)
    • 2013 – Miguel Méndez, American author and poet (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Tim Samaras, American engineer and storm chaser (b. 1957)
    • 2013 – Jairo Mora Sandoval, Costa Rican environmentalist (b. 1987)
    • 2013 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Marilyn Beck, American journalist (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Marinho Chagas, Brazilian footballer and coach (b. 1952)
    • 2014 – Hoss Ellington, American race car driver (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Martha Hyer, American actress (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Lewis Katz, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1942)
    • 2014 – Mary Soames, Baroness Soames, English author (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Gladys Taylor, Canadian author and publisher (b. 1917)
    • 2016 – Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–2016) (b. 1947)
    • 2016 – Jan Crouch, American televangelist, co-founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (b. 1938)
    • 2016 – Carla Lane, English television writer (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Rupert Neudeck, German journalist and humanitarian (b. 1939)

    Holidays and observances on May 31

    • Anniversary of Royal Brunei Malay Regiment (Brunei)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Camilla Battista da Varano
      • Hermias
      • Petronella
      • Visitation of Mary (Western Christianity)
      • May 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • The beginning of Gawai Dayak (Dayaks in Sarawak, Malaysia and West Kalimantan, Indonesia)
    • World No Tobacco Day (International)

  • May 30 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • AD 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometers.
    • 1381 – Beginning of the Peasants’ Revolt in England.
    • 1416 – The Council of Constance, called by Emperor Sigismund, a supporter of Antipope John XXIII, burns Jerome of Prague following a trial for heresy.
    • 1431 – Hundred Years’ War: In Rouen, France, the 19-year-old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake by an English-dominated tribunal. The Roman Catholic Church remembers this day as the celebration of Saint Joan of Arc.
    • 1434 – Hussite Wars: Battle of Lipany: Effectively ending the war, Utraquist forces led by Diviš Bořek of Miletínek defeat and almost annihilate Taborite forces led by Prokop the Great.
    • 1510 – During the reign of the Zhengde Emperor, Ming dynasty rebel leader Zhu Zhifan is defeated by commander Qiu Yue, ending the Prince of Anhua rebellion.
    • 1536 – King Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour, a lady-in-waiting to his first two wives.
    • 1539 – In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal of finding gold.
    • 1574 – Henry III becomes King of France.
    • 1588 – The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.
    • 1631 – Publication of Gazette de France, the first French newspaper.
    • 1635 – Thirty Years’ War: The Peace of Prague is signed.
    • 1642 – From this date all honors granted by Charles I of England are retroactively annulled by Parliament.
    • 1806 – Future U.S. President Andrew Jackson kills Charles Dickinson in a duel.
    • 1814 – The First Treaty of Paris is signed, returning the French frontiers to their 1792 extent, and restoring the House of Bourbon to power.
    • 1815 – The East Indiaman Arniston is wrecked during a storm at Waenhuiskrans, near Cape Agulhas, in present-day South Africa, with the loss of 372 lives.
    • 1834 – Minister of Justice Joaquim António de Aguiar issues a law seizing “all convents, monasteries, colleges, hospices and any other houses” from the Catholic religious orders in Portugal, earning him the nickname of “The Friar-Killer”.
    • 1842 – John Francis attempts to murder Queen Victoria as she drives down Constitution Hill in London with Prince Albert.
    • 1845 – The Fatel Razack coming from India, lands in the Gulf of Paria in Trinidad and Tobago carrying the first Indians to the country.
    • 1854 – The Kansas–Nebraska Act becomes law establishing the US territories of Kansas and Nebraska.
    • 1868 – Decoration Day (the predecessor of the modern “Memorial Day”) is observed in the United States for the first time after a proclamation by John A. Logan, head of the Grand Army of the Republic (a veterans group).
    • 1876 – Ottoman sultan Abdülaziz is deposed and succeeded by his nephew Murad V.
    • 1883 – In New York City, a stampede on the recently opened Brooklyn Bridge killed twelve people.
    • 1899 – Pearl Hart, a female outlaw of the Old West, robs a stage coach 30 miles southeast of Globe, Arizona.
    • 1911 – At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the first Indianapolis 500 ends with Ray Harroun in his Marmon Wasp becoming the first winner of the 500-mile auto race.
    • 1913 – The Treaty of London is signed, ending the First Balkan War; Albania becomes an independent nation.
    • 1914 – The new, and then the largest, Cunard ocean liner RMS Aquitania, 45,647 tons, sets sails on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.
    • 1922 – The Lincoln Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
    • 1925 – May Thirtieth Movement: Shanghai Municipal Police Force shoot and kill 13 protesting workers.
    • 1937 – Memorial Day massacre: Chicago police shoot and kill ten labor demonstrators.
    • 1941 – World War II: Manolis Glezos and Apostolos Santas climb the Athenian Acropolis and tear down the German flag.
    • 1942 – World War II: One thousand British bombers launch a 90-minute attack on Cologne, Germany.
    • 1943 – The Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes chief medical officer of the Zigeunerfamilienlager (Romani family camp) at Auschwitz concentration camp.
    • 1948 – A dike along the flooding Columbia River breaks, obliterating Vanport, Oregon within minutes. Fifteen people die and tens of thousands are left homeless.
    • 1958 – Memorial Day: The remains of two unidentified American servicemen, killed in action during World War II and the Korean War respectively, are buried at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery.
    • 1959 – The Auckland Harbour Bridge, crossing the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand, is officially opened by Governor-General Charles Lyttelton, 10th Viscount Cobham.
    • 1961 – The long-time Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo is assassinated in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
    • 1963 – A protest against pro-Catholic discrimination during the Buddhist crisis is held outside South Vietnam’s National Assembly, the first open demonstration during the eight-year rule of Ngo Dinh Diem.
    • 1966 – Former Congolese Prime Minister, Évariste Kimba, and several other politicians are publicly executed in Kinshasa on the orders of President Joseph Mobutu.
    • 1967 – The Nigerian Eastern Region declares independence as the Republic of Biafra, sparking a civil war.
    • 1968 – Charles de Gaulle reappears publicly after his flight to Baden-Baden, Germany, and dissolves the French National Assembly by a radio appeal. Immediately after, less than one million of his supporters march on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. This is the turning point of May 1968 events in France.
    • 1971 – Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched to map 70% of the surface, and to study temporal changes in the atmosphere and surface, of Mars.
    • 1972 – The Angry Brigade goes on trial over a series of 25 bombings throughout the United Kingdom.
    • 1972 – In Ben Gurion Airport (at the time: Lod Airport), Israel, members of the Japanese Red Army carry out the Lod Airport massacre, killing 24 people and injuring 78 others.
    • 1974 – The Airbus A300 passenger aircraft first enters service.
    • 1979 – Downeast Flight 46 crashes on approach to Knox County Regional Airport in Rockland, Maine, killing 17.
    • 1975 – European Space Agency is established.
    • 1982 – Cold War: Spain joins NATO.
    • 1989 – Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: The 10-metre high “Goddess of Democracy” statue is unveiled in Tiananmen Square by student demonstrators.
    • 1990 – Croatian Parliament is constituted after the first free, multi-party elections, today celebrated as the National Day of Croatia.
    • 1998 – The 6.5 Mw  Afghanistan earthquake shook the Takhar Province of northern Afghanistan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong), killing around 4,000–4,500.
    • 1998 – Nuclear Testing: Pakistan conducts an underground test in the Kharan Desert. It is reported to be a plutonium device with yield of 20kt TNT equivalent.
    • 2003 – Depayin massacre: At least 70 people associated with the National League for Democracy are killed by government-sponsored mob in Burma. Aung San Suu Kyi flees the scene, but is arrested soon afterwards.
    • 2008 – Convention on Cluster Munitions is adopted.
    • 2008 – TACA Flight 390 overshoots the runway at Toncontín International Airport, killing five people.
    • 2012 – Former Liberian president Charles Taylor is sentenced to 50 years in prison for his role in atrocities committed during the Sierra Leone Civil War.
    • 2013 – Nigeria passes a law banning same-sex marriage.
    • 2020 – The Crew Dragon Demo-2 launches from the Kennedy Space Center, becoming the first crewed rocket to launch from the United States since 2011.

    Births on May 30

    • 1010 – Ren Zong, Chinese emperor (d. 1063)
    • 1201 – Theobald IV, count of Champagne (d. 1253)
    • 1423 – Georg von Peuerbach, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1461)
    • 1464 – Barbara of Brandenburg, Bohemian queen (d. 1515)
    • 1580 – Fadrique de Toledo, 1st Marquis of Villanueva de Valdueza (d. 1634)
    • 1599 – Samuel Bochart, French Protestant biblical scholar (d. 1667)
    • 1623 – John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire (d. 1686)
    • 1686 – Antonina Houbraken, Dutch illustrator (d. 1736)
    • 1718 – Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, English politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (d. 1793)
    • 1719 – Roger Newdigate, English politician (d. 1806)
    • 1757 – Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1844)
    • 1768 – Étienne Marie Antoine Champion de Nansouty, French general (d. 1815)
    • 1797 – Georg Amadeus Carl Friedrich Naumann, German mineralogist and geologist (d. 1873)
    • 1800 – Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose, French cardinal (d. 1883)
    • 1814 – Mikhail Bakunin, Russian philosopher and theorist (d. 1876)
    • 1814 – Eugène Charles Catalan, Belgian-French mathematician and academic (d. 1894)
    • 1819 – William McMurdo, English general (d. 1894)
    • 1820 – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Quebec (d. 1890)
    • 1835 – Alfred Austin, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1913)
    • 1844 – Félix Arnaudin, French poet and photographer (d. 1921)
    • 1845 – Amadeo I, Spanish king (d. 1890)
    • 1846 – Peter Carl Fabergé, Russian goldsmith and jeweler (d. 1920)
    • 1862 – Mirza Alakbar Sabir, Azerbaijani philosopher and poet (d. 1911)
    • 1869 – Grace Andrews, American mathematician (d. 1951)
    • 1874 – Ernest Duchesne, French physician (d. 1912)
    • 1875 – Giovanni Gentile, Italian philosopher and academic (d. 1944)
    • 1879 – Colin Blythe, English cricketer and soldier (d. 1917)
    • 1879 – Konstantin Ramul, Estonian psychologist and academic (d. 1975)
    • 1881 – Georg von Küchler, German field marshal (d. 1968)
    • 1882 – Wyndham Halswelle, English runner and soldier (d. 1915)
    • 1883 – Sandy Pearce, Australian rugby league player (d. 1930)
    • 1884 – Siegmund Glücksmann, German soldier and politician (d. 1942)
    • 1885 – Villem Grünthal-Ridala, Estonian poet and linguist (d. 1942)
    • 1886 – Laurent Barré, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1964)
    • 1886 – Randolph Bourne, American theorist and author (d. 1918)
    • 1887 – Alexander Archipenko, Ukrainian-American sculptor and illustrator (d. 1964)
    • 1887 – Emil Reesen, Danish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1964)
    • 1890 – Roger Salengro, French soldier and politician, French Minister of the Interior (d. 1936)
    • 1892 – Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter (d. 1972)
    • 1894 – Hubertus van Mook, Dutch politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1965)
    • 1895 – Maurice Tate, English cricketer (d. 1956)
    • 1896 – Howard Hawks, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1977)
    • 1897 – Frank Wise, Australian politician, 16th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1986)
    • 1898 – John Gilroy, English artist and illustrator (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Irving Thalberg, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1936)
    • 1901 – Alfred Karindi, Estonian pianist and composer (d. 1969)
    • 1901 – Cornelia Otis Skinner, American actress and author (d. 1979)
    • 1902 – Stepin Fetchit, American actor and dancer (d. 1985)
    • 1903 – Countee Cullen, American poet and author (d. 1946)
    • 1906 – Bruno Gröning, German mystic and author (d. 1959)
    • 1907 – Germaine Tillion, French anthropologist and academic (d. 2008)
    • 1908 – Hannes Alfvén, Swedish physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
    • 1908 – Mel Blanc, American voice actor (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Jacques Canetti, French music executive and talent agent (d. 1997)
    • 1909 – Freddie Frith, English motorcycle road racer (d. 1988)
    • 1909 – Benny Goodman, American clarinet player, songwriter, and bandleader (d. 1986)
    • 1910 – Harry Bernstein, English-American journalist and author (d. 2011)
    • 1912 – Julius Axelrod, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – Erich Bagge, German physicist and academic (d. 1996)
    • 1912 – Hugh Griffith, Welsh actor (d. 1980)
    • 1912 – Millicent Selsam, American author and academic (d. 1996)
    • 1912 – Joseph Stein, American playwright and author (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Akinoumi Setsuo, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 37th Yokozuna (d. 1979)
    • 1915 – Len Carney, English footballer and soldier (d. 1996)
    • 1916 – Justin Catayée, French soldier and politician (d. 1962)
    • 1916 – Mort Meskin, American illustrator (d. 1995)
    • 1918 – Pita Amor, Mexican poet and author (d. 2000)
    • 1918 – Bob Evans, American businessman, founded Bob Evans Restaurants (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – René Barrientos, Bolivian general and politician, 55th President of Bolivia (d. 1969)
    • 1920 – Franklin J. Schaffner, Japanese-American director and producer (d. 1989)
    • 1922 – Hal Clement, American author and educator (d. 2003)
    • 1924 – Anthony Dryden Marshall, American CIA officer and diplomat (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – John Henry Marks, English physician and author
    • 1926 – Johnny Gimble, American country/western swing musician (Bob Wills and His Texas Playboys) (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Joan Birman, American mathematician
    • 1927 – Clint Walker, American actor and singer (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Billy Wilson, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1993)
    • 1928 – Pro Hart, Australian painter (d. 2006)
    • 1928 – Agnès Varda, Belgian-French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1929 – Georges Gilson, French archbishop
    • 1930 – Mark Birley, English businessman, founded Annabel’s (d. 2007)
    • 1930 – Robert Ryman, American painter (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Larry Silverstein, American real estate magnate
    • 1932 – Ray Cooney, English actor and playwright
    • 1932 – Pauline Oliveros, American accordion player and composer (d. 2016)
    • 1932 – Ivor Richard, Baron Richard, Welsh politician and diplomat, British Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2018)
    • 1934 – Alexei Leonov, Russian general, pilot, and cosmonaut (d. 2019)
    • 1934 – Alketas Panagoulias, Greek footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Ruta Lee, Canadian-American actress and dancer
    • 1935 – Guy Tardif, Canadian academic and politician (d. 2005)
    • 1936 – Keir Dullea, American actor
    • 1937 – Christopher Haskins, Anglo-Irish businessman, life peer, and British politician
    • 1937 – Rick Mather, American-English architect (d. 2013)
    • 1938 – Billie Letts, American author and educator (d. 2014)
    • 1939 – Michael J. Pollard, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1939 – Dieter Quester, Austrian race car driver
    • 1939 – Tim Waterstone, Scottish businessman, founded Waterstones
    • 1940 – Jagmohan Dalmiya, Indian cricket administrator (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Gilles Villemure, Canadian-American ice hockey player
    • 1942 – John Gladwin, English bishop
    • 1942 – Carole Stone, English journalist and author
    • 1943 – Anders Michanek, Swedish motorcycle racer
    • 1943 – Gale Sayers, American football player and philanthropist
    • 1944 – Lenny Davidson, English guitarist and songwriter (The Dave Clark Five)
    • 1944 – Meredith MacRae, American actress (d. 2000)
    • 1944 – Stav Prodromou, Greek-American engineer and businessman
    • 1945 – Gladys Horton, American singer (d. 2011)
    • 1946 – Allan Chapman, English historian and author
    • 1946 – Dragan Džajić, Serbian and Yugoslav footballer
    • 1947 – Jocelyne Bourassa, Canadian golfer
    • 1948 – Johan De Muynck, Belgian former professional road racing cyclist
    • 1948 – Michael Piller, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2005)
    • 1948 – David Thorpe, Australian rules footballer
    • 1949 – P.J. Carlesimo, American basketball player and coach
    • 1949 – Paul Coleridge, English lawyer and judge
    • 1949 – Bob Willis, English cricketer and sportscaster (d. 2019)
    • 1950 – Bertrand Delanoë, French politician, 14th Mayor of Paris
    • 1950 – Paresh Rawal, Indian actor, producer, and politician
    • 1950 – Joshua Rozenberg, English lawyer, journalist, and author
    • 1951 – Zdravko Čolić, Bosnian Serb singer-songwriter
    • 1951 – Fernando Lugo, Paraguayan bishop and politician, President of Paraguay
    • 1951 – Stephen Tobolowsky, American actor, singer, and director
    • 1952 – Daniel Grodnik, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1952 – Kerry Fraser, Canadian ice hockey player, referee, and sportscaster
    • 1953 – Jim Hunter, Canadian skier
    • 1953 – Colm Meaney, Irish actor
    • 1955 – Topper Headon, English drummer and songwriter (The Clash)
    • 1955 – Jacqueline McGlade, English-Canadian biologist, ecologist, and academic
    • 1955 – Caroline Swift, English lawyer and judge
    • 1955 – Colm Tóibín, Irish novelist, poet, playwright, and critic
    • 1956 – Tim Lucas, American author, screenwriter, and critic
    • 1957 – Michael Clayton, Australian golfer
    • 1958 – Eugene Belliveau, Canadian football player
    • 1958 – Marie Fredriksson, Swedish singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2019)
    • 1958 – Steve Israel, American lawyer and politician
    • 1958 – Michael López-Alegría, Spanish-American captain, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1958 – Ted McGinley, American actor
    • 1959 – Phil Brown, English footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1959 – Randy Ferbey, Canadian curler
    • 1959 – Frank Vanhecke, Belgian politician
    • 1961 – Harry Enfield, English actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Bob Yari, Iranian-American director and producer
    • 1962 – Kevin Eastman, American author and illustrator, co-created the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
    • 1962 – Richard Fuller, English lawyer and politician
    • 1962 – Tim Loughton, English businessman and politician
    • 1962 – Tonya Pinkins, American actress and singer
    • 1963 – Michel Langevin, Canadian drummer and songwriter
    • 1963 – Élise Lucet, French journalist
    • 1963 – Helen Sharman, English chemist and astronaut
    • 1964 – Wynonna Judd, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1964 – Andrea Montermini, Italian race car driver
    • 1964 – Tom Morello, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1965 – Troy Coker, Australian rugby player
    • 1965 – Billy Donovan, American basketball player and coach
    • 1965 – Iginio Straffi, Italian animator and producer, founded Rainbow S.r.l.
    • 1966 – Thomas Häßler, German footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Stephen Malkmus, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1967 – Tim Burgess, English singer-songwriter
    • 1967 – Rechelle Hawkes, Australian hockey player
    • 1967 – Sven Pipien, German-American bass player
    • 1968 – Jason Kenney, Canadian lawyer and politician, 40th Canadian Minister of National Defence
    • 1968 – Zacarias Moussaoui, French citizen, sentenced to life in prison related to September 11 attacks
    • 1969 – Naomi Kawase, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1969 – Ryuhei Kitamura, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Paul Grayson, English rugby player and coach
    • 1971 – Duncan Jones, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Idina Menzel, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1971 – Jiří Šlégr, Czech ice hockey player and politician
    • 1971 – Adrian Vowles, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1972 – Manny Ramirez, Dominican-American baseball player and coach
    • 1974 – Big L, American rapper (d. 1999)
    • 1974 – Kostas Chalkias, Greek footballer
    • 1974 – CeeLo Green, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor
    • 1974 – David Wilkie, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1975 – Evan Eschmeyer, American basketball player
    • 1975 – Brian Fair, American singer-songwriter
    • 1975 – Andy Farrell, English rugby player and coach
    • 1975 – Marissa Mayer, American computer scientist and businesswoman
    • 1976 – Radoslav Nesterović, Slovenian-Greek basketball player
    • 1976 – Magnus Norman, Swedish tennis player and coach
    • 1976 – Margaret Okayo, Kenyan runner
    • 1977 – Rachael Stirling, English actress
    • 1977 – Federico Vilar, Argentinian-Italian footballer
    • 1979 – Mike Bishai, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1979 – Clint Bowyer, American race car driver
    • 1979 – Francis Lessard, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Steven Gerrard, English international footballer, midfielder and manager
    • 1980 – Ilona Korstin, Russian basketball player
    • 1980 – Ryōgo Narita, Japanese author
    • 1981 – Devendra Banhart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1981 – Gianmaria Bruni, Italian race car driver
    • 1981 – Ahmad Elrich, Australian footballer
    • 1981 – Remy Ma, American rapper
    • 1981 – Lars Møller Madsen, Danish handball player
    • 1981 – Hisanori Takada, Japanese footballer
    • 1982 – Eddie Griffin, American basketball player (d. 2007)
    • 1982 – James Simpson-Daniel, English rugby player
    • 1984 – Sham Kwok Fai, Hong Kong footballer
    • 1984 – Matt Maguire, Australian footballer
    • 1984 – Alexander Sulzer, German ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Igor Kurnosov, Russian chess player (d. 2013)
    • 1985 – Igor Lewczuk, Polish footballer
    • 1985 – Aaron Volpatti, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Nikolay Bodurov, Bulgarian international footballer, centre-back
    • 1989 – Ailee, Korean-American singer and songwriter
    • 1989 – Lesia Tsurenko, Ukrainian tennis player
    • 1990 – Andrei Loktionov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1991 – Jonathan Fox, English swimmer
    • 1992 – Harrison Barnes, American basketball player
    • 1992 – Danielle Harold, English actress
    • 1994 – Scott Laughton, Canadian ice hockey player

    Deaths on May 30

    • 531 – Xiao Tong, prince of the Liang Dynasty (b. 501)
    • 727 – Hubertus, bishop Liège
    • 947 – Ma Xifan, king of Chu (b. 899)
    • 1035 – Baldwin IV, count of Flanders (b. 980)
    • 1159 – Władysław II the Exile, High Duke of Poland and Duke of Silesia (b. 1105)
    • 1252 – Ferdinand III, king of Castile and León (b. 1199)
    • 1347 – John Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy de Knayth, English peer (b. 1290)
    • 1376 – Joan of Ponthieu, Dame of Epernon, French noblewoman
    • 1416 – Jerome of Prague, Czech martyr and theologian (b. 1379)
    • 1431 – Joan of Arc, French martyr and saint (b. 1412)
    • 1434 – Prokop the Great, Czech general (b. 1380)
    • 1469 – Lope de Barrientos, Castilian bishop (b. 1389)
    • 1472 – Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Pierre de Luxembourg (b. 1416)
    • 1574 – Charles IX of France (b. 1550)
    • 1593 – Christopher Marlowe, English poet and playwright (b. 1564)
    • 1606 – Guru Arjan Dev, fifth of the Sikh gurus (executed) (b. 1563)
    • 1640 – Peter Paul Rubens, German-Belgian painter (b. 1577)
    • 1696 – Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Tewkesbury, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1638)
    • 1670 – John Davenport, English minister, co-founded the New Haven Colony (b. 1597)
    • 1712 – Andrea Lanzani, Italian painter (b. 1645)
    • 1718 – Arnold van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle, Dutch-English general (b. 1670)
    • 1744 – Alexander Pope, English poet, essayist, and translator (b. 1688)
    • 1770 – François Boucher, French painter and set designer (b. 1703)
    • 1778 – Voltaire, French philosopher and author (b. 1694)
    • 1778 – José de la Borda, French/Spanish mining magnate in colonial Mexico (b. ca. 1700)
    • 1829 – Philibert Jean-Baptiste Curial, French general (b. 1774)
    • 1832 – James Mackintosh, Scottish historian, jurist, and politician (b. 1765)
    • 1855 – Mary Reibey, Australian businesswoman, (b. 1777)
    • 1892 – Mary Hannah Gray Clarke, American author, correspondent, and poet (b. 1835)
    • 1865 – John Catron, American lawyer and judge (b. 1786)
    • 1901 – Victor D’Hondt, Belgian mathematician, lawyer, and jurist (b. 1841)
    • 1911 – Milton Bradley, American businessman, founded the Milton Bradley Company (b. 1836)
    • 1912 – Wilbur Wright, American pilot and businessman, co-founded the Wright Company (b. 1867)
    • 1918 – Georgi Plekhanov, Russian philosopher and theorist (b. 1856)
    • 1925 – Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, German historian and author (b. 1876)
    • 1926 – Vladimir Steklov, Russian mathematician and physicist (b. 1864)
    • 1934 – Tōgō Heihachirō, Japanese admiral (b. 1848)
    • 1939 – Floyd Roberts, American race car driver (b. 1904)
    • 1941 – Prajadhipok, Thai king (b. 1893)
    • 1946 – Louis Slotin, Canadian physicist and chemist (b. 1910)
    • 1947 – Georg von Trapp, Austrian captain (b. 1880)
    • 1948 – József Klekl, Slovene-Hungarian priest and politician (b. 1874)
    • 1949 – Emmanuel Célestin Suhard, French cardinal (b. 1874)
    • 1951 – Hermann Broch, Austrian-American author (b. 1886)
    • 1953 – Dooley Wilson, American actor and singer (b. 1886)
    • 1955 – Bill Vukovich, American race car driver (b. 1918)
    • 1957 – Piero Carini, Italian race car driver (b. 1921)
    • 1960 – Boris Pasternak, Russian poet, novelist, and literary translator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1890)
    • 1961 – Rafael Trujillo, Dominican soldier and politician, 36th President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1891)
    • 1964 – Isaac Babalola Akinyele, Nigerian king (b. 1882)
    • 1964 – Eddie Sachs, American race car driver (b. 1927)
    • 1964 – Leó Szilárd, Hungarian-American physicist and engineer (b. 1898)
    • 1965 – Louis Hjelmslev, Danish linguist and academic (b. 1899)
    • 1967 – Claude Rains, English-American actor (b. 1889)
    • 1967 – Georg Wilhelm Pabst, Austrian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1885)
    • 1971 – Marcel Dupré, French organist and composer (b. 1886)
    • 1975 – Steve Prefontaine, American runner (b. 1951)
    • 1975 – Tatsuo Shimabuku, Japanese martial artist, founded Isshin-ryū (b. 1908)
    • 1975 – Michel Simon, Swiss-born French actor (b. 1895)
    • 1976 – Max Carey, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1890)
    • 1976 – Mitsuo Fuchida, Japanese captain (b. 1902)
    • 1978 – Jean Deslauriers, Canadian violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1909)
    • 1980 – Carl Radle, American bass player and producer (b. 1942)
    • 1981 – Don Ashby, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1955)
    • 1981 – Ziaur Rahman, Bangladeshi general and politician, 7th President of Bangladesh (b. 1936)
    • 1982 – Albert Norden, German journalist and politician (b. 1904)
    • 1986 – Perry Ellis, American fashion designer, founded his own eponymous fashion brand (b. 1940)
    • 1993 – Sun Ra, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1914)
    • 1994 – Ezra Taft Benson, American religious leader, 13th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1899)
    • 1994 – Marcel Bich, Italian-French businessman, co-founded Société Bic (b. 1914)
    • 1994 – Agostino Di Bartolomei, Italian footballer (b. 1955)
    • 1995 – Ted Drake, English footballer and manager (b. 1912)
    • 1995 – Lofty England, English-Austrian engineer (b. 1911)
    • 1995 – Bobby Stokes, English footballer (b. 1951)
    • 1996 – Léon-Étienne Duval, French cardinal (b. 1903)
    • 1996 – Alo Mattiisen, Estonian composer (b. 1961)
    • 1999 – Kalju Lepik, Estonian poet and author (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Tex Beneke, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Denis Whitaker, Canadian general and historian (b. 1915)
    • 2005 – Gérald Leblanc, Acadian poet (b. 1945)
    • 2005 – Tomasz Pacyński, Polish journalist and author (b. 1958)
    • 2005 – Alma Ziegler, American baseball player and stenographer (b. 1918)
    • 2006 – Shohei Imamura, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2006 – David Lloyd, New Zealand biologist and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2006 – Robert Sterling, American actor (b. 1917)
    • 2007 – Jean-Claude Brialy, Algerian-French actor and director (b. 1933)
    • 2007 – Birgit Dalland, Norwegian politician (b. 1907)
    • 2007 – Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Indian poet and critic (b. 1927)
    • 2009 – Torsten Andersson, Swedish painter and illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2009 – Susanna Haapoja, Finnish politician (b. 1966)
    • 2009 – Ephraim Katzir, Israeli biophysicist and politician, 4th President of Israel (b. 1916)
    • 2010 – Yuri Chesnokov, Russian volleyball player and coach (b. 1933)
    • 2010 – Dufferin Roblin, Canadian commander and politician, 14th Premier of Manitoba (b. 1917)
    • 2011 – Isikia Savua, Fijian police officer and diplomat (b. 1952)
    • 2011 – Saleem Shahzad, Pakistani journalist (b. 1970)
    • 2011 – Marek Siemek, Polish philosopher and historian (b. 1942)
    • 2011 – Clarice Taylor, American actress (b. 1917)
    • 2011 – Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – John Fox, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1957)
    • 2012 – Andrew Huxley, English physiologist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Gerhard Pohl, German economist and politician (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Jack Twyman, American basketball player and sportscaster (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Jayalath Jayawardena, Sri Lankan physician and politician (b. 1953)
    • 2013 – Larry Jones, American football player and coach (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Hienadz Buraukin, Belarusian poet, journalist, and diplomat (b. 1936)
    • 2014 – Henning Carlsen, Danish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Joan Lorring, British actress (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Leonidas Vasilikopoulos, Greek admiral (b. 1932)
    • 2015 – Beau Biden, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 44th Attorney General of Delaware (b. 1969)
    • 2015 – Joël Champetier, Canadian author and screenwriter (b. 1957)
    • 2015 – L. Tom Perry, American religious leader and member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1922)
    • 2016 – Tom Lysiak, Polish-Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1953)
    • 2016 – Rick MacLeish, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1950)
    • 2019 – Jason Marcano, Trinidadian footballer (b. 1983)

    Holidays and observances on May 30

    • Anguilla Day, commemorates the beginning of the Anguillian Revolution in 1967. (Anguilla)
    • Canary Islands Day (Spain)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Earliest day on which Feast of the Immaculate Heart of Mary can fall, while July 3 is the latest; celebrated 20 days after Pentecost. (Catholic Church)
      • Ferdinand III of Castile
      • Isaac of Dalmatia
      • Joan of Arc
      • Joseph Marello
      • May 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Indian Arrival Day (Trinidad and Tobago)
    • Lod Massacre Remembrance Day (Puerto Rico)
    • Mother’s Day (Nicaragua)
    • Statehood Day (Croatia)

  • April 24 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty).
    • 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy marking the end of the legendary Trojan War, given by chief librarian of the Library of Alexandria Erastothenes, among others.
    • 1547 – Battle of Mühlberg. Duke of Alba, commanding Spanish-Imperial forces of Charles I of Spain, defeats the troops of Schmalkaldic League.
    • 1558 – Mary, Queen of Scots, marries the Dauphin of France, François, at Notre Dame de Paris.
    • 1704 – The first regular newspaper in British Colonial America, The Boston News-Letter, is published.
    • 1800 – The United States Library of Congress is established when President John Adams signs legislation to appropriate $5,000 to purchase “such books as may be necessary for the use of Congress”.
    • 1877 – Russo-Turkish War: Russian Empire declares war on Ottoman Empire.
    • 1885 – American sharpshooter Annie Oakley is hired by Nate Salsbury to be a part of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West.
    • 1895 – Joshua Slocum, the first person to sail single-handedly around the world, sets sail from Boston, Massachusetts aboard the sloop “Spray”.
    • 1913 – The Woolworth Building, a skyscraper in New York City, is opened.
    • 1914 – The Franck–Hertz experiment, a pillar of quantum mechanics, is presented to the German Physical Society.
    • 1915 – The arrest of 250 Armenian intellectuals and community leaders in Istanbul marks the beginning of the Armenian Genocide.
    • 1916 – Easter Rising: Irish rebels, led by Patrick Pearse and James Connolly, launch an uprising in Dublin against British rule and proclaim an Irish Republic.
    • 1916 – Ernest Shackleton and five men of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition launch a lifeboat from uninhabited Elephant Island in the Southern Ocean to organise a rescue for the crew of the sunken Endurance.
    • 1918 – World War I: First tank-to-tank combat, during the second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux. Three British Mark IVs meet three German A7Vs.
    • 1922 – The first segment of the Imperial Wireless Chain providing wireless telegraphy between Leafield in Oxfordshire, England, and Cairo, Egypt, comes into operation.
    • 1926 – The Treaty of Berlin is signed. Germany and the Soviet Union each pledge neutrality in the event of an attack on the other by a third party for the next five years.
    • 1932 – Benny Rothman leads the mass trespass of Kinder Scout, leading to substantial legal reforms in the United Kingdom.
    • 1933 – Nazi Germany begins its persecution of Jehovah’s Witnesses by shutting down the Watch Tower Society office in Magdeburg.
    • 1944 – World War II: The SBS launches a raid against the garrison of Santorini in Greece.
    • 1953 – Winston Churchill is knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.
    • 1955 – The Bandung Conference ends: Twenty-nine non-aligned nations of Asia and Africa finish a meeting that condemns colonialism, racism, and the Cold War.
    • 1957 – Suez Crisis: The Suez Canal is reopened following the introduction of UNEF peacekeepers to the region.
    • 1963 – Marriage of Princess Alexandra of Kent to Angus Ogilvy at Westminster Abbey in London.
    • 1965 – Civil war breaks out in the Dominican Republic when Colonel Francisco Caamaño overthrows the triumvirate that had been in power since the coup d’état against Juan Bosch.
    • 1967 – Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov dies in Soyuz 1 when its parachute fails to open. He is the first human to die during a space mission.
    • 1967 – Vietnam War: American General William Westmoreland says in a news conference that the enemy had “gained support in the United States that gives him hope that he can win politically that which he cannot win militarily”.
    • 1970 – China launches Dong Fang Hong I, becoming the fifth nation to put an object into orbit using its own booster.
    • 1970 – The Gambia becomes a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, with Dawda Jawara as its first President.
    • 1980 – Eight U.S. servicemen die in Operation Eagle Claw as they attempt to end the Iran hostage crisis.
    • 1990 – STS-31: The Hubble Space Telescope is launched from the Space Shuttle Discovery.
    • 1990 – Gruinard Island, Scotland, is officially declared free of the anthrax disease after 48 years of quarantine.
    • 1993 – An IRA bomb devastates the Bishopsgate area of London.
    • 1996 – In the United States, the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 is passed into law.
    • 2004 – The United States lifts economic sanctions imposed on Libya 18 years previously, as a reward for its cooperation in eliminating weapons of mass destruction.
    • 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is inaugurated as the 265th Pope of the Catholic Church taking the name Pope Benedict XVI.
    • 2011 – WikiLeaks starts publishing the Guantanamo Bay files leak.
    • 2013 – A building collapses near Dhaka, Bangladesh, killing 1,129 people and injuring 2,500 others.
    • 2013 – Violence in Bachu County, Kashgar Prefecture, of China’s Xinjiang results in death of 21 people.

    Births on April 24

    • 1086 – Ramiro II of Aragon (d. 1157)
    • 1492 – Sabina of Bavaria, Bavarian duchess and noblewoman (d. 1564)
    • 1532 – Thomas Lucy, English politician (d. 1600)
    • 1533 – William I of Orange, founding father of the Netherlands (d. 1584)
    • 1538 – Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (d. 1587)
    • 1545 – Henry Wriothesley, 2nd Earl of Southampton, English Earl (d. 1581)
    • 1562 – Xu Guangqi, Ming Dynasty Chinese politician, scholar and lay Catholic leader (d. 1633)
    • 1581 – Vincent de Paul, French priest and saint (d. 1660)
    • 1608 – Gaston, Duke of Orléans, third son of King Henry IV of France (d. 1660)
    • 1620 – John Graunt, English demographer and statistician (d. 1674)
    • 1706 – Giovanni Battista Martini, Italian pianist and composer (d. 1780)
    • 1718 – Nathaniel Hone the Elder, Irish-English painter and educator (d. 1784)
    • 1743 – Edmund Cartwright, English clergyman and engineer, invented the power loom (d. 1823)
    • 1784 – Peter Vivian Daniel, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1860)
    • 1815 – Anthony Trollope, English novelist, essayist, and short story writer (d. 1882)
    • 1823 – Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, Mexican politician, President of Mexico (d. 1889)
    • 1845 – Carl Spitteler, Swiss poet and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1924)
    • 1856 – Philippe Pétain, French general and politician, 119th Prime Minister of France (d. 1951)
    • 1860 – Queen Marau, last Queen of Tahiti (d.1935)
    • 1862 – Tomitaro Makino, Japanese botanist (d. 1957)
    • 1868 – Sandy Herd, Scottish golfer (d. 1944)
    • 1876 – Erich Raeder, German admiral (d. 1960)
    • 1878 – Jean Crotti, Swiss-French painter (d. 1958)
    • 1879 – Susanna Bokoyni, Hungarian-American circus performer (d. 1984)
    • 1880 – Gideon Sundback, Swedish-American engineer and businessman, developed the zipper (d. 1954)
    • 1880 – Josef Müller, Croatian entomologist (d. 1964)
    • 1882 – Hugh Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding, Scottish-English air marshal (d. 1970)
    • 1885 – Thomas Cronan, American triple jumper (d. 1962)
    • 1885 – Con Walsh, Irish-Canadian hammer thrower and footballer (d. 1961)
    • 1887 – Denys Finch Hatton, English hunter (d. 1931)
    • 1888 – Pe Maung Tin, Burma-based scholar and educator (d. 1973)
    • 1889 – Stafford Cripps, English academic and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1952)
    • 1889 – Lyubov Popova, Russian painter and academic (d. 1924)
    • 1897 – Manuel Ávila Camacho, Mexican colonel and politician, 45th President of Mexico (d. 1955)
    • 1897 – Benjamin Lee Whorf, American linguist, anthropologist, and engineer (d. 1941)
    • 1899 – Oscar Zariski, Russian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1986)
    • 1900 – Elizabeth Goudge, English author and educator (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Spanish lawyer and politician, founded the Falange (d. 1936)
    • 1904 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch-American painter and educator (d. 1997)
    • 1905 – Al Bates, American long jumper (d. 1999)
    • 1905 – Robert Penn Warren, American novelist, poet, and literary critic (d. 1989)
    • 1906 – William Joyce, American-born Irish-British Nazi propaganda broadcaster (d. 1946)
    • 1906 – Mimi Smith, English nurse (d. 1991)
    • 1907 – Gabriel Figueroa, Mexican cinematographer (d. 1997)
    • 1908 – Marceline Day, American actress (d. 2000)
    • 1908 – Inga Gentzel, Swedish runner (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – Józef Gosławski, Polish sculptor (d. 1963)
    • 1912 – Ruth Osburn, American discus thrower (d. 1994)
    • 1913 – Dieter Grau, German-American scientist and engineer (d. 2014)
    • 1914 – William Castle, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1977)
    • 1914 – Phil Watson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1991)
    • 1914 – Justin Wilson, American chef and author (d. 2001)
    • 1916 – Lou Thesz, American wrestler and trainer (d. 2002)
    • 1919 – David Blackwell, American mathematician and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1919 – Glafcos Clerides, Cypriot lawyer and politician, 4th President of Cyprus (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Gino Valenzano, Italian race car driver (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Marc-Adélard Tremblay, Canadian anthropologist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Gus Bodnar, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2005)
    • 1923 – Doris Burn, American author and illustrator (d. 2011)
    • 1924 – Clement Freud, German-English radio host, academic, and politician (d. 2009)
    • 1924 – Ruth Kobart, American actress and singer (d. 2002)
    • 1925 – Franco Leccese, Italian sprinter (d. 1992)
    • 1926 – Marilyn Erskine, American actress
    • 1926 – Thorbjörn Fälldin, Swedish farmer and politician, 27th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 2016)
    • 1927 – Josy Barthel, Luxembourgian runner and politician, Luxembourgian Minister for Energy (d. 1992)
    • 1928 – Tommy Docherty, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1928 – Johnny Griffin, American saxophonist (d. 2008)
    • 1928 – Anahit Perikhanian, Russian-born Armenian Iranologist (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Dr. Rajkumar, Indian actor and singer (d. 2006)
    • 1930 – Jerome Callet, American instrument designer, educator, and author (d. 2019)
    • 1930 – Richard Donner, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1930 – José Sarney, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 31st President of Brazil
    • 1931 – Abdelhamid Kermali, Algerian footballer and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Bridget Riley, English painter and illustrator
    • 1934 – Jayakanthan, Indian journalist and author (d. 2015)
    • 1934 – Shirley MacLaine, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1936 – David Crombie, Canadian educator and politician, 56th Mayor of Toronto
    • 1936 – Jill Ireland, English actress (d. 1990)
    • 1937 – Joe Henderson, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2001)
    • 1940 – Sue Grafton, American author (d. 2017)
    • 1941 – Richard Holbrooke, American journalist, banker, and diplomat, 22nd United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – John Williams, Australian-English guitarist and composer
    • 1942 – Richard M. Daley, American lawyer and politician, 54th Mayor of Chicago
    • 1942 – Barbra Streisand, American singer, actress, activist, and producer
    • 1943 – Richard Sterban, American country & gospel bass singer
    • 1943 – Gordon West, English footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1944 – Peter Cresswell, English judge
    • 1944 – Maarja Nummert, Estonian architect
    • 1944 – Tony Visconti, American record producer, musician and singer
    • 1945 – Doug Clifford, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1946 – Doug Christie, Canadian lawyer and activist (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Josep Borrell, Spanish engineer and politician, 22nd President of the European Parliament
    • 1947 – João Braz de Aviz, Brazilian cardinal
    • 1947 – Claude Dubois, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1947 – Denise Kingsmill, Baroness Kingsmill, New Zealand-English lawyer and politician
    • 1947 – Roger D. Kornberg, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1948 – Paul Cellucci, American soldier and politician, 69th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 2013)
    • 1948 – Eliana Gil, Ecuadorian-American psychiatrist, therapist, and author
    • 1949 – Eddie Hart, American sprinter
    • 1949 – Véronique Sanson, French singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1950 – Rob Hyman, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1951 – Ron Arad, Israeli architect and academic
    • 1951 – Christian Bobin, French author and poet
    • 1951 – Nigel Harrison, English bass player and songwriter
    • 1951 – Enda Kenny, Irish educator and politician, 13th Taoiseach of Ireland
    • 1952 – Jean Paul Gaultier, French fashion designer
    • 1952 – Ralph Winter, American film producer
    • 1953 – Eric Bogosian, American actor and writer
    • 1954 – Mumia Abu-Jamal, American journalist, activist, and convicted murderer
    • 1954 – Jack Blades, American singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1955 – Marion Caspers-Merk, German politician
    • 1955 – John de Mol Jr., Dutch businessman, co-founded Endemol
    • 1955 – Eamon Gilmore, Irish trade union leader and politician, 25th Tánaiste of Ireland
    • 1955 – Margaret Moran, British politician and criminal
    • 1955 – Guy Nève, Belgian race car driver (d. 1992)
    • 1955 – Michael O’Keefe, American actor
    • 1955 – Bill Osborne, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1956 – James A. Winnefeld, Jr., American admiral
    • 1957 – Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed, Pakistani-English businessman and politician
    • 1958 – Brian Paddick, English police officer and politician
    • 1959 – Paula Yates, British-Australian television host and author (d. 2000)
    • 1961 – Andrew Murrison, English physician and politician, Minister for International Security Strategy
    • 1962 – Clemens Binninger, German politician
    • 1962 – Stuart Pearce, English footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1962 – Steve Roach, Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Paula Frazer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1963 – Billy Gould, American bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1963 – Mano Solo, French singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1964 – Helga Arendt, German sprinter (d. 2013)
    • 1964 – Cedric the Entertainer, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1964 – Djimon Hounsou, Beninese-American actor and producer
    • 1964 – Witold Smorawiński, Polish guitarist, composer, and educator
    • 1965 – Jeff Jackson, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
    • 1966 – Pierre Brassard, Canadian comedian and actor
    • 1966 – Alessandro Costacurta, Italian footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1966 – David Usher, English-Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1967 – Dino Rađa, Croatian basketball player
    • 1967 – Omar Vizquel, Venezuelan-American baseball player and coach
    • 1968 – Aidan Gillen, Irish actor
    • 1968 – Todd Jones, American baseball player
    • 1968 – Roxanna Panufnik, English composer
    • 1968 – Hashim Thaçi, Kosovan soldier and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Kosovo
    • 1969 – Elias Atmatsidis, Greek footballer
    • 1969 – Rory McCann, Scottish actor
    • 1969 – Eilidh Whiteford, Scottish academic and politician
    • 1970 – Damien Fleming, Australian cricketer, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Kumar Dharmasena, Sri Lankan cricketer and umpire
    • 1971 – Mauro Pawlowski, Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1972 – Rab Douglas, Scottish footballer
    • 1972 – Chipper Jones, American baseball player
    • 1972 – Jure Košir, Slovenian skier and singer
    • 1973 – Gabby Logan, English gymnast, television and radio host
    • 1973 – Damon Lindelof, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1973 – Brian Marshall, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1973 – Eric Snow, American basketball player and coach
    • 1973 – Sachin Tendulkar, Indian cricketer
    • 1973 – Toomas Tohver, Estonian footballer
    • 1973 – Lee Westwood, English golfer
    • 1974 – Eric Kripke, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Stephen Wiltshire, English illustrator
    • 1975 – Dejan Savić, Yugoslavian and Serbian water polo player
    • 1976 – Steve Finnan, Irish international footballer
    • 1976 – Frédéric Niemeyer, Canadian tennis player and coach
    • 1977 – Carlos Beltrán, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
    • 1977 – Diego Placente, Argentine footballer
    • 1978 – Diego Quintana, Argentine footballer
    • 1980 – Fernando Arce, Mexican footballer
    • 1980 – Karen Asrian, Armenian chess player (d. 2008)
    • 1981 – Taylor Dent, American tennis player
    • 1981 – Yuko Nakanishi, Japanese swimmer
    • 1982 – Kelly Clarkson, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1982 – David Oliver, American hurdler
    • 1982 – Simon Tischer, German volleyball player
    • 1983 – Hanna Melnychenko, Ukrainian heptathlete
    • 1985 – Mike Rodgers, American sprinter
    • 1986 – Aaron Cunningham, American baseball player
    • 1987 – Ben Howard, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1987 – Kris Letang, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Rein Taaramäe, Estonian cyclist
    • 1987 – Jan Vertonghen, Belgian international footballer
    • 1987 – Varun Dhawan, Indian actor
    • 1989 – Elīna Babkina, Latvian basketball player
    • 1989 – David Boudia, American diver
    • 1989 – Taja Mohorčič, Slovenian tennis player
    • 1990 – Kim Tae-ri, South Korean actress
    • 1990 – Jan Veselý, Czech basketball player
    • 1991 – Sigrid Agren, French-Swedish model
    • 1991 – Morgan Ciprès, French figure skater
    • 1991 – Batuhan Karadeniz, Turkish footballer
    • 1992 – Joe Keery, American actor
    • 1992 – Laura Kenny, English cyclist
    • 1993 – Ben Davies, Welsh international footballer
    • 1994 – Jordan Fisher, American singer, dancer, and actor
    • 1994 – Caspar Lee, British-South African Youtuber
    • 1996 – Ashleigh Barty, Australian tennis player
    • 1997 – Lydia Ko, New Zealand golfer
    • 1997 – Veronika Kudermetova, Russian tennis player
    • 1998 – Ryan Newman, American actress
    • 1999 – Jerry Jeudy, American football player

    Deaths on April 24

    • 624 – Mellitus, saint, and archbishop of Canterbury
    • 1149 – Petronille de Chemillé, abbess of Fontevrault
    • 1288 – Gertrude of Austria (b. 1226)
    • 1338 – Theodore I, Marquess of Montferrat (b. 1291)
    • 1479 – Jorge Manrique, Spanish poet (b. 1440)
    • 1513 – Şehzade Ahmet, Ottoman prince (b. 1465)
    • 1617 – Concino Concini, Italian-French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1575)
    • 1622 – Fidelis of Sigmaringen, German friar and saint (b. 1577)
    • 1656 – Thomas Fincke, Danish mathematician and physicist (b. 1561)
    • 1731 – Daniel Defoe, English journalist, novelist, and spy (b. 1660)
    • 1748 – Anton thor Helle, German-Estonian clergyman and translator (b. 1683)
    • 1779 – Eleazar Wheelock, American minister and academic, founded Dartmouth College (b. 1711)
    • 1794 – Axel von Fersen the Elder, Swedish field marshal and politician (b. 1719)
    • 1852 – Vasily Zhukovsky, Russian poet and translator (b. 1783)
    • 1889 – Zulma Carraud, French author (b. 1796)
    • 1891 – Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, German field marshal (b. 1800)
    • 1924 – G. Stanley Hall, American psychologist and academic (b. 1844)
    • 1931 – David Kldiashvili, Georgian author and playwright (b. 1862)
    • 1935 – Anastasios Papoulas, Greek general (b. 1857)
    • 1938 – George Grey Barnard, American sculptor (b. 1863)
    • 1939 – Louis Trousselier, French cyclist (b. 1881)
    • 1941 – Karin Boye, Swedish author and poet (b. 1900)
    • 1942 – Lucy Maud Montgomery, Canadian author (b. 1874)
    • 1944 – Charles Jordan, American magician (b. 1888)
    • 1945 – Ernst-Robert Grawitz, German physician (b. 1899)
    • 1947 – Hans Biebow, German SS officer (b. 1902)
    • 1947 – Willa Cather, American novelist, short story writer, and poet (b. 1873)
    • 1948 – Jāzeps Vītols, Latvian composer (b. 1863)
    • 1954 – Guy Mairesse, French race car driver (b. 1910)
    • 1960 – Max von Laue, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
    • 1961 – Lee Moran, American actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1888)
    • 1962 – Milt Franklyn, American composer (b. 1897)
    • 1964 – Gerhard Domagk, German pathologist and bacteriologist (b. 1895)
    • 1965 – Louise Dresser, American actress (b. 1878)
    • 1966 – Simon Chikovani, Georgian poet and author (b. 1902)
    • 1967 – Vladimir Komarov, Russian pilot, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1927)
    • 1967 – Robert Richards, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of South Australia (b. 1885)
    • 1968 – Walter Tewksbury, American athlete (b. 1876)
    • 1970 – Otis Spann, American singer and pianist (b. 1930)
    • 1972 – Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter (b. 1892)
    • 1974 – Bud Abbott, American comedian and producer (b. 1895)
    • 1975 – Pete Ham, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1947)
    • 1976 – Mark Tobey, American-Swiss painter and educator (b. 1890)
    • 1980 – Alejo Carpentier, Swiss-Cuban musicologist and author (b. 1904)
    • 1982 – Ville Ritola, Finnish runner (b. 1896)
    • 1983 – Erol Güngör, Turkish sociologist, psychologist, and academic (b. 1938)
    • 1983 – Rolf Stommelen, German race car driver (b. 1943)
    • 1984 – Rafael Pérez y Pérez, Spanish author (b. 1891)
    • 1993 – Oliver Tambo, South African lawyer and activist (b. 1917)
    • 1993 – Tran Duc Thao, Vietnamese philosopher and theorist (b. 1917)
    • 1995 – Lodewijk Bruckman, Dutch painter (b. 1903)
    • 1997 – Allan Francovich, American director and producer (b. 1941)
    • 1997 – Pat Paulsen, American comedian and activist (b. 1927)
    • 1997 – Eugene Stoner, American engineer, designed the AR-15 rifle (b. 1922)
    • 2001 – Josef Peters, German race car driver (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Johnny Valentine, American wrestler (b. 1928)
    • 2002 – Lucien Wercollier, Luxembourgian sculptor (b. 1908)
    • 2004 – José Giovanni, French-Swiss director and producer (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Estée Lauder, American businesswoman, co-founded Estée Lauder Companies (b. 1906)
    • 2005 – Ezer Weizman, Israeli general and politician, 7th President of Israel (b. 1924)
    • 2005 – Fei Xiaotong, Chinese sociologist and academic (b. 1910)
    • 2006 – Brian Labone, English footballer (b. 1940)
    • 2006 – Moshe Teitelbaum, Romanian-American rabbi and author (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Jimmy Giuffre, American clarinet player, and saxophonist, and composer (b. 1921)
    • 2011 – Sathya Sai Baba, Indian guru and philanthropist (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Hans Hollein, Austrian architect, designed Haas House (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Sandy Jardine, Scottish footballer and manager (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Shobha Nagi Reddy, Indian politician (b. 1968)
    • 2014 – Tadeusz Różewicz, Polish poet and playwright (b. 1921)
    • 2015 – Władysław Bartoszewski, Polish journalist and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1922)
    • 2016 – Tommy Kono, American weightlifter and coach (b. 1930)
    • 2017 – Robert Pirsig, American author and philosopher (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on April 24

    • Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day (Armenia, France)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Benedict Menni
      • Dermot of Armagh
      • Dyfnan of Anglesey
      • Ecgberht of Ripon
      • Fidelis of Sigmaringen
      • Gregory of Elvira
      • Ivo of Ramsey
      • Johann Walter (Lutheran)
      • Mary of Clopas
      • Mary Euphrasia Pelletier
      • Mellitus
      • Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur
      • Salome (disciple)
      • Wilfrid (Church of England)
      • William Firmatus
      • April 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Concord Day (Niger)
    • Democracy Day (Nepal)
    • Earliest day on which Arbor Day can fall, while April 30 is the latest; celebrated on the last Friday in April. (United States)
    • Earliest day on which Turkmen Racing Horse Festival can fall, while April 30 is the latest; celebrated on the last Sunday in April. (Turkmenistan)
    • Fashion Revolution Day, and its related observances:
      • Labour Safety Day (Bangladesh, proposed)
    • Kapyong Day (Australia, Canada)
    • National Panchayati Raj Day (India)
    • St Mark’s Eve
    • Republic Day (The Gambia)
    • World Day for Laboratory Animals

  • April 13 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
    • 1612 – Miyamoto Musashi defeats Sasaki Kojirō at Funajima island.
    • 1613 – Samuel Argall, having captured Native American princess Pocahontas in Passapatanzy, Virginia, sets off with her to Jamestown with the intention of exchanging her for English prisoners held by her father.
    • 1742 – George Frideric Handel’s oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
    • 1777 – American Revolutionary War: American forces are ambushed and defeated in the Battle of Bound Brook, New Jersey.
    • 1829 – The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 gives Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom the right to vote and to sit in Parliament.
    • 1849 – Lajos Kossuth presents the Hungarian Declaration of Independence in a closed session of the National Assembly.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: Raleigh, North Carolina is occupied by Union Forces.
    • 1870 – The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
    • 1873 – The Colfax massacre, in which more than 60 black men are murdered, takes place.
    • 1909 – The military of the Ottoman Empire reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
    • 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British Indian Army troops lead by Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer killed approx 379-1000 unarmed demonstrators including men and women in Amritsar, India; and approximately 1,500 injured.
    • 1941 – A pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
    • 1943 – World War II: The discovery of mass graves of Polish prisoners of war killed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre is announced, causing a diplomatic rift between the Polish government-in-exile in London and the Soviet Union, which denies responsibility.
    • 1943 – The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of President Thomas Jefferson’s birth.
    • 1944 – Relations between New Zealand and the Soviet Union are established.
    • 1945 – World War II: German troops kill more than 1,000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen, Germany.
    • 1945 – World War II: Soviet and Bulgarian forces capture Vienna.
    • 1948 – In an ambush, 78 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital, and a British soldier, are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarrah. This event came to be known as the Hadassah medical convoy massacre.
    • 1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program Project MKUltra.
    • 1958 – American pianist Van Cliburn is awarded first prize at the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.
    • 1960 – The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world’s first satellite navigation system.
    • 1964 – At the Academy Awards, Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American male to win the Best Actor award for the 1963 film Lilies of the Field.
    • 1970 – An oxygen tank aboard the Apollo 13 Service Module explodes, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the Apollo command and service module (codenamed “Odyssey“) while en route to the Moon.
    • 1972 – The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
    • 1972 – Vietnam War: The Battle of An Lộc begins.
    • 1975 – An attack by the Phalangist resistance kills 26 militia members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, marking the start of the 15-year Lebanese Civil War.
    • 1976 – The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson’s 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.
    • 1976 – Forty workers die in an explosion at the Lapua ammunition factory, the deadliest accidental disaster in modern history in Finland.
    • 1992 – Basements throughout the Chicago Loop are flooded, forcing the Chicago Board of Trade Building and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange to close.
    • 1997 – Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament.
    • 2003 – A bus near the Vale of Tempe, Greece was involved in a major vehicle accident with a truck and multiple cars, leaving 21 students in the tenth grade of Makrochori, Imathia High School dead and nine injured during their return to their homes from a trip to Athens.
    • 2017 – The US drops the largest ever non-nuclear weapon on Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan.

    Births on April 13

    • 1229 – Louis II, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1294)
    • 1350 – Margaret III, Countess of Flanders (d. 1405)
    • 1506 – Peter Faber, French priest and theologian, co-founded the Society of Jesus (d. 1546)
    • 1519 – Catherine de’ Medici, Italian-French wife of Henry II of France (d. 1589)
    • 1570 – Guy Fawkes, English soldier, planned the Gunpowder Plot (probable; d. 1606)
    • 1573 – Christina of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1625)
    • 1593 – Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1641)
    • 1618 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French author (d. 1693)
    • 1636 – Hendrik van Rheede, Dutch botanist (d. 1691)
    • 1648 – Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon, French mystic (d. 1717)
    • 1713 – Pierre Jélyotte, French tenor (d. 1797)
    • 1729 – Thomas Percy, Irish bishop and poet (d. 1811)
    • 1732 – Frederick North, Lord North, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1792)
    • 1735 – Isaac Low, American merchant and politician, founded the New York Chamber of Commerce (d. 1791)
    • 1743 – Thomas Jefferson, American lawyer and politician, 3rd President of the United States (d. 1826)
    • 1747 – Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (d. 1793)
    • 1764 – Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, French general and politician, French Minister of War (d. 1830)
    • 1769 – Thomas Lawrence, English painter and educator (d. 1830)
    • 1771 – Richard Trevithick, Cornish-English engineer and explorer (d. 1833)
    • 1780 – Alexander Mitchell, Irish engineer, invented the Screw-pile lighthouse (d. 1868)
    • 1784 – Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, Prussian field marshal (d. 1877)
    • 1787 – John Robertson, American lawyer and politician (d. 1873)
    • 1794 – Jean Pierre Flourens, French physiologist and academic (d. 1867)
    • 1802 – Leopold Fitzinger, Austrian zoologist and herpetologist (d. 1884)
    • 1808 – Antonio Meucci, Italian-American engineer (d. 1889)
    • 1810 – Félicien David, French composer (d. 1876)
    • 1824 – William Alexander, Irish archbishop, poet, and theologian (d. 1911)
    • 1825 – Thomas D’Arcy McGee, Irish-Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1868)
    • 1828 – Josephine Butler, English feminist and social reformer (d. 1906)
    • 1828 – Joseph Lightfoot, English bishop and theologian (d. 1889)
    • 1832 – Juan Montalvo, Ecuadorian author and diplomat (d. 1889)
    • 1841 – Louis-Ernest Barrias, French sculptor and academic (d. 1905)
    • 1850 – Arthur Matthew Weld Downing, Irish astronomer (d. 1917)
    • 1851 – Robert Abbe, American surgeon and radiologist (d. 1928)
    • 1851 – William Quan Judge, Irish occultist and theosophist (d. 1896)
    • 1852 – Frank Winfield Woolworth, American businessman, founded the F. W. Woolworth Company (d. 1919)
    • 1854 – Lucy Craft Laney, Founder of the Haines Normal and Industrial School, Augusta, Georgia (d. 1933)
    • 1860 – James Ensor, English-Belgian painter (d. 1949)
    • 1866 – Butch Cassidy, American criminal (d. 1908)
    • 1872 – John Cameron, Scottish international footballer and manager (d. 1935)
    • 1872 – Alexander Roda Roda, Austrian-Croatian journalist and author (d. 1945)
    • 1873 – John W. Davis, American lawyer and politician, 14th United States Solicitor General (d. 1955)
    • 1875 – Ray Lyman Wilbur, American physician, academic, and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 1949)
    • 1879 – Edward Bruce, American lawyer and painter (d. 1943)
    • 1879 – Oswald Bruce Cooper, American type designer, lettering artist, graphic designer, and educator (d. 1940)
    • 1880 – Charles Christie, Canadian-American businessman, co-founded the Christie Film Company (d. 1955)
    • 1885 – Vean Gregg, American baseball player (d. 1964)
    • 1885 – Juhan Kukk, Estonian politician, Head of State of Estonia (d. 1942)
    • 1885 – György Lukács, Hungarian philosopher and critic (d. 1971)
    • 1885 – Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy, Dutch politician (d. 1961)
    • 1887 – Gordon S. Fahrni, Canadian physician and golfer (d. 1995)
    • 1889 – Herbert Yardley, American cryptologist and author (d. 1958)
    • 1890 – Frank Murphy, American jurist and politician, 56th United States Attorney General (d. 1949)
    • 1890 – Dadasaheb Torne, Indian director and producer (d. 1960)
    • 1891 – Maurice Buckley, Australian sergeant, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1921)
    • 1891 – Nella Larsen, Danish/African-American nurse, librarian, and author (d. 1964)
    • 1891 – Robert Scholl, German accountant and politician (d. 1973)
    • 1892 – Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet, English air marshal (d. 1984)
    • 1892 – Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer, invented Radar (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – Arthur Fadden, Australian accountant and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – Joie Ray, American runner (d. 1978)
    • 1896 – Fred Barnett, English footballer (d. 1982)
    • 1897 – Werner Voss, German lieutenant and pilot (d. 1917)
    • 1899 – Alfred Mosher Butts, American architect and game designer, created Scrabble (d. 1993)
    • 1899 – Harold Osborn, American high jumper and decathlete (d. 1975)
    • 1900 – Sorcha Boru, American potter and ceramic sculptor (d. 2006)
    • 1900 – Pierre Molinier, French painter and photographer (d. 1976)
    • 1901 – Jacques Lacan, French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Alan Watt, Australian public servant and diplomat, Australian Ambassador to Japan (d. 1988)
    • 1902 – Philippe de Rothschild, French Grand Prix driver, playwright, and producer (d. 1988)
    • 1902 – Marguerite Henry, American author (d. 1997)
    • 1904 – David Robinson, English businessman and philanthropist (d. 1987)
    • 1905 – Rae Johnstone, Australian jockey (d. 1964)
    • 1906 – Samuel Beckett, Irish novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
    • 1906 – Bud Freeman, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1991)
    • 1907 – Harold Stassen, American lawyer and politician, 25th Governor of Minnesota (d. 2001)
    • 1909 – Eudora Welty, American short story writer and novelist (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – Ico Hitrec, Croatian footballer and manager (d. 1946)
    • 1911 – Jean-Louis Lévesque, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1994)
    • 1911 – Nino Sanzogno, Italian conductor and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1913 – Dave Albritton, American high jumper and coach (d. 1994)
    • 1913 – Kermit Tyler, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Orhan Veli Kanık, Turkish poet and author (d. 1950)
    • 1916 – Phyllis Fraser, Welsh-American actress, journalist, and publisher, co-founded Beginner Books (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Robert Orville Anderson, American businessman, founded Atlantic Richfield Oil Co. (d. 2007)
    • 1917 – Bill Clements, American soldier, engineer, and politician, 15th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense (d. 2011)
    • 1919 – Roland Gaucher, French journalist and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Howard Keel, American actor and singer (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Madalyn Murray O’Hair, American activist, founded American Atheists (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (d. 1982)
    • 1920 – Claude Cheysson, French lieutenant and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Liam Cosgrave, Irish lawyer and politician, 6th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 2017)
    • 1920 – Theodore L. Thomas, American chemical engineer, Patent attorney and writer (d. 2005)
    • 1922 – Heinz Baas, German footballer and manager (d. 1994)
    • 1922 – John Braine, English librarian and author (d. 1986)
    • 1922 – Julius Nyerere, Tanzanian politician and teacher, 1st President of Tanzania (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Valve Pormeister, Estonian architect (d. 2002)
    • 1923 – Don Adams, American actor and director (d. 2005)
    • 1923 – A. H. Halsey, English sociologist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Stanley Tanger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Tanger Factory Outlet Centers (d. 2010)
    • 1924 – John T. Biggers, American painter (d. 2001)
    • 1924 – Jack T. Chick, American author, illustrator, and publisher (d. 2016)
    • 1924 – Stanley Donen, American film director and choreographer (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Ellie Lambeti, Greek actress (d. 1983)
    • 1926 – John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, English businessman (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Rosemary Haughton, English philosopher, theologian, and author
    • 1927 – Antonino Rocca, Italian-American wrestler (d. 1977)
    • 1927 – Maurice Ronet, French actor and director (d. 1983)
    • 1928 – Alan Clark, English historian and politician, Minister of State for Trade (d. 1999)
    • 1928 – Gianni Marzotto, Italian racing driver and businessman (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Marilynn Smith, American golfer (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Anita Cerquetti, Italian soprano (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Robert Enrico, French director and screenwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1931 – Dan Gurney, American race car driver and engineer (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Jon Stone, American composer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1997)
    • 1932 – Orlando Letelier, Chilean-American economist and politician, Chilean Minister of National Defense (d. 1976)
    • 1933 – Ben Nighthorse Campbell, American soldier and politician
    • 1934 – John Muckler, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
    • 1936 – Pierre Rosenberg, French historian and academic
    • 1937 – Col Joye, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1937 – Edward Fox, English actor
    • 1937 – Lanford Wilson, American playwright, co-founded the Circle Repertory Company (d. 2011)
    • 1938 – Klaus Lehnertz, German pole vaulter
    • 1938 – John Weston, English poet and diplomat
    • 1939 – Seamus Heaney, Irish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Paul Sorvino, American actor and singer
    • 1940 – Mike Beuttler, Egyptian-English racing driver (d. 1988)
    • 1940 – Lester Chambers, American singer and musician
    • 1940 – J. M. G. Le Clézio, Breton French-Mauritian author and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1940 – Vladimir Cosma, French composer, conductor and violinist
    • 1940 – Jim McNab, Scottish footballer (d. 2006)
    • 1940 – Max Mosley, English racing driver and engineer, co-founded March Engineering, former president of the FIA
    • 1940 – Ruby Puryear Hearn, African-American biophysicist
    • 1941 – Michael Stuart Brown, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – Jean-Marc Reiser, French author and illustrator (d. 1983)
    • 1942 – Bill Conti, American composer and conductor
    • 1943 – Alan Jones, Australian rugby coach, radio host, and educator
    • 1943 – Billy Kidd, American skier
    • 1943 – Tim Krabbé, Dutch journalist and author
    • 1943 – Philip Norman, English journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1944 – Franco Arese, Italian runner
    • 1944 – Charles Burnett, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1944 – Jack Casady, American bass guitarist
    • 1944 – Susan Davis, Russian-American social worker and politician
    • 1945 – Ed Caruthers, American high jumper
    • 1945 – Tony Dow, American actor
    • 1945 – Lowell George, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1979)
    • 1945 – Bob Kalsu, American football player and lieutenant (d. 1970)
    • 1945 – Judy Nunn, Australian actress and author
    • 1946 – Al Green, American singer-songwriter, producer, and pastor
    • 1947 – Rae Armantrout, American poet and academic
    • 1947 – Mike Chapman, Australian-English songwriter and producer
    • 1947 – Jean-Jacques Laffont, French economist and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1947 – Yves Landry, Canadian cyclist
    • 1948 – Nam Hae-il, South Korean admiral
    • 1948 – Drago Jančar, Slovenian author and playwright
    • 1948 – Mikhail Shufutinsky, Soviet and Russian singer, actor, TV presenter
    • 1949 – Len Cook, New Zealand-English mathematician and statistician
    • 1949 – Frank Doran, Scottish lawyer and politician (d. 2017)
    • 1949 – Christopher Hitchens, English-American essayist, literary critic, and journalist (d. 2011)
    • 1949 – Ricardo Zunino, Argentinian racing driver
    • 1950 – Ron Perlman, American actor
    • 1950 – Tommy Raudonikis, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1951 – Leszek Borysiewicz, Welsh immunologist and academic
    • 1951 – Peabo Bryson, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1951 – Peter Davison, English actor
    • 1951 – Joachim Streich, German footballer and manager
    • 1951 – Max Weinberg, American drummer
    • 1952 – Sam Bush, American mandolin player
    • 1952 – David Drew, English lawyer and politician
    • 1952 – Gabrielle Gourdeau, Canadian writer (d. 2006)
    • 1952 – Jonjo O’Neill, Irish jockey and trainer
    • 1953 – Stephen Byers, English politician
    • 1953 – Dany Laferrière, Haitian-Canadian journalist and author
    • 1954 – Jimmy Destri, American keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1954 – Niels Olsen, Danish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1954 – Barbara Roche, English lawyer and politician
    • 1955 – Steve Camp, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1955 – Muwenda Mutebi II, current King of Buganda Kingdom
    • 1955 – Louis Johnson, American bass player and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1955 – Lupe Pintor, Mexican boxer
    • 1955 – Ole von Beust, German lawyer and politician, 1st Mayor of Hamburg
    • 1956 – Possum Bourne, New Zealand racing driver (d. 2003)
    • 1956 – Alan Devonshire, English footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Edward Forbes Smiley III, American art thief and map dealer
    • 1957 – Amy Goodman, American journalist and author
    • 1957 – Saundra Santiago, American actress
    • 1960 – Lyn Brown, English social worker and politician
    • 1960 – Bob Casey, Jr., American lawyer and politician, senior senator of Pennsylvania
    • 1960 – Olaf Ludwig, German cyclist and manager
    • 1960 – Rudi Völler, German footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Hiro Yamamoto, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1962 – Hillel Slovak, Israeli-American guitarist (d. 1988)
    • 1963 – Garry Kasparov, Russian chess player and author
    • 1964 – Davis Love III, American golfer and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Caroline Rhea, Canadian actress and comedian
    • 1964 – John Swinney, Scottish businessman and politician, Deputy First Minister of Scotland
    • 1965 – Patricio Pouchulu, Argentinian architect and educator
    • 1966 – Ali Boumnijel, Tunisian footballer
    • 1966 – Marc Ford, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1967 – Dana Barros, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1967 – Michael Eisen, American biologist and academic
    • 1967 – Olga Tañón, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter
    • 1968 – Ted Washington, American football player
    • 1969 – Dirk Muschiol, German footballer
    • 1970 – Monty Brown, American football player and wrestler
    • 1970 – Gerry Creaney, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Nick Garrett, English singer
    • 1970 – Szilveszter Csollány, Hungarian gymnast
    • 1970 – Ricardo Rincón, Mexican-American baseball player
    • 1970 – Ricky Schroder, American actor
    • 1971 – Franck Esposito, French swimmer
    • 1971 – Danie Mellor, Australian painter and sculptor
    • 1971 – Bo Outlaw, American basketball player
    • 1971 – Valensia, Dutch singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1972 – Mariusz Czerkawski, Polish ice hockey player and golfer
    • 1972 – Aaron Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Valentina Cervi, Italian actress
    • 1974 – Sergei Gonchar, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1974 – Darren Turner, English racing driver
    • 1974 – David Zdrilic, Australian footballer and manager
    • 1975 – Jasey-Jay Anderson, Canadian snowboarder
    • 1975 – Lou Bega, German singer-songwriter
    • 1975 – Bruce Dyer, English footballer
    • 1975 – Tatiana Navka, Russian ice dancer
    • 1976 – Jonathan Brandis, American actor (d. 2003)
    • 1976 – Patrik Eliáš, Czech-American ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Glenn Howerton, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1977 – Margus Tsahkna, Estonian lawyer and politician
    • 1978 – Arron Asham, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Carles Puyol, Spanish footballer
    • 1978 – Raemon Sluiter, Dutch tennis player
    • 1978 – Keydrick Vincent, American football player
    • 1979 – Gréta Arn, Hungarian tennis player
    • 1979 – Baron Davis, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Tony Lundon, Irish singer-songwriter, producer, and dancer
    • 1979 – Meghann Shaughnessy, American tennis player
    • 1980 – Colleen Clinkenbeard, American voice actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Jason Maguire, Irish jockey
    • 1980 – Alan Melikdjanian, American independent filmmaker and YouTuber
    • 1980 – Quentin Richardson, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Nat Borchers, American soccer player
    • 1981 – Gemma Doyle, Scottish politician
    • 1982 – Nellie McKay, British-American singer-songwriter, musician, and actress
    • 1983 – Claudio Bravo, Chilean footballer
    • 1983 – Schalk Burger, South African rugby player
    • 1983 – Nicole Cooke, Welsh cyclist
    • 1983 – Hunter Pence, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Jarmo Ahjupera, Estonian footballer
    • 1984 – Anders Lindegaard, Danish footballer
    • 1985 – Anna Jennings-Edquist, Australian actress, director, and playwright
    • 1985 – Algo Kärp, Estonian skier
    • 1985 – Cody Nickson, American reality television personality
    • 1986 – Michael Bingham, American-English sprinter
    • 1986 – Lorenzo Cain, American baseball player
    • 1987 – Brandon Hardesty, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1987 – Massimiliano Pesenti, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Allison Weiss, American singer-songwriter
    • 1988 – Anderson, Brazilian footballer
    • 1988 – Petteri Koponen, Finnish basketball player
    • 1988 – Allison Williams, American actress and singer
    • 1989 – Ryan Bailey, American sprinter
    • 1989 – Dong Dong, Chinese trampolinist
    • 1989 – Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova, Belarusian long jumper
    • 1989 – Josh Reynolds, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Vladislav Yegin, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Anastasija Sevastova, a professional tennis player from Latvia
    • 1991 – Akeem Adams, Trinidadian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1991 – Ulises Dávila, Mexican footballer
    • 1991 – Josh Gordon, American football player
    • 1992 – Denis Kudryavtsev, Russian hurdler
    • 1992 – Jordan Silk, Australian cricketer
    • 1993 – Tony Wroten, American basketball player
    • 1994 – Ángelo Henríquez, Chilean footballer
    • 1994 – Elvis Merzļikins, Latvian ice hockey player
    • 1997 – Kyle Walker-Peters, English footballer

    Deaths on April 13

    • 548 – Lý Nam Đế, Vietnamese emperor (b. 503)
    • 585 – Hermenegild, Visigothic prince and saint
    • 799 – Paul the Deacon, Italian monk and historian (b. 720)
    • 814 – Krum, khan of the Bulgarian Khanate
    • 862 – Donald I, king of the Picts (b. 812)
    • 989 – Bardas Phokas, Byzantine general
    • 1035 – Herbert I, Count of Maine
    • 1093 – Vsevolod I of Kiev (b. 1030)
    • 1113 – Ida of Lorraine, saint and noblewoman (b. c. 1040)
    • 1138 – Simon I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1076)
    • 1213 – Guy of Thouars, regent of Brittany
    • 1275 – Eleanor of England (b. 1215)
    • 1367 – John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (b. 1313)
    • 1592 – Bartolomeo Ammannati, Italian architect and sculptor (b. 1511)
    • 1605 – Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (b. 1551)
    • 1612 – Sasaki Kojirō, Japanese samurai (b. 1585)
    • 1635 – Fakhr-al-Din II, Ottoman prince (b. 1572)
    • 1638 – Henri, Duke of Rohan (b. 1579)
    • 1641 – Richard Montagu, English bishop (b. 1577)
    • 1695 – Jean de La Fontaine, French author and poet (b. 1621)
    • 1716 – Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington, English admiral and politician (b. 1648)
    • 1722 – Charles Leslie, Irish priest and theologian (b. 1650)
    • 1793 – Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, French botanist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1763)
    • 1794 – Nicolas Chamfort, French playwright and poet (b. 1741)
    • 1826 – Franz Danzi, German cellist, composer, and conductor (b. 1763)
    • 1853 – Leopold Gmelin, German chemist and academic (b. 1788)
    • 1853 – James Iredell, Jr., American lawyer and politician, 23rd Governor of North Carolina (b. 1788)
    • 1855 – Henry De la Beche, English geologist and palaeontologist (b. 1796)
    • 1868 – Tewodros II of Ethiopia (b. 1818)
    • 1880 – Robert Fortune, Scottish botanist and author (b. 1813)
    • 1882 – Bruno Bauer, German historian and philosopher (b. 1809)
    • 1886 – John Humphrey Noyes, American religious leader, founded the Oneida Community (b. 1811)
    • 1890 – Samuel J. Randall, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 33rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1828)
    • 1899 – James Service, Scottish-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Victoria (b. 1823)
    • 1909 – Whitley Stokes, Anglo-Irish lawyer and scholar (b. 1830)
    • 1910 – William Quiller Orchardson, Scottish-English painter and educator (b. 1835)
    • 1911 – John McLane, Scottish-American politician, 50th Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1852)
    • 1911 – George Washington Glick, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of Kansas (b. 1827)
    • 1912 – Takuboku Ishikawa, Japanese poet and author (b. 1886)
    • 1917 – Diamond Jim Brady, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1856)
    • 1918 – Lavr Kornilov, Russian general (b. 1870)
    • 1927 – Georg Voigt, German politician, Mayor of Frankfurt (b. 1866)
    • 1936 – Konstantinos Demertzis, Greek politician 129th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1876)
    • 1938 – Grey Owl, English-Canadian environmentalist and author (b. 1888)
    • 1941 – Annie Jump Cannon, American astronomer and academic (b. 1863)
    • 1941 – William Twaits, Canadian soccer player (b. 1879)
    • 1942 – Henk Sneevliet, Dutch politician (b. 1883)
    • 1942 – Anton Uesson, Estonian engineer and politician, 17th Mayor of Tallinn (b. 1879)
    • 1944 – Cécile Chaminade, French pianist and composer (b. 1857)
    • 1945 – Ernst Cassirer, Polish-American philosopher and academic (b. 1874)
    • 1954 – Samuel Jones, American high jumper (b. 1880)
    • 1954 – Angus Lewis Macdonald, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Premier of Nova Scotia (b. 1890)
    • 1956 – Emil Nolde, Danish-German painter and educator (b. 1867)
    • 1959 – Eduard van Beinum, Dutch pianist, violinist, and conductor (b. 1901)
    • 1961 – John A. Bennett, American soldier (b. 1935)
    • 1962 – Culbert Olson, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of California (b. 1876)
    • 1966 – Abdul Salam Arif, Iraqi colonel and politician, 2nd President of Iraq (b. 1921)
    • 1966 – Carlo Carrà, Italian painter (b. 1881)
    • 1966 – Georges Duhamel, French soldier and author (b. 1884)
    • 1967 – Nicole Berger, French actress (b. 1934)
    • 1969 – Alfred Karindi, Estonian pianist and composer (b. 1901)
    • 1971 – Michel Brière, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
    • 1971 – Juhan Smuul, Estonian author, poet, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 1975 – Larry Parks, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
    • 1975 – François Tombalbaye, Chadian soldier, academic, and politician, 1st President of Chad (b. 1918)
    • 1978 – Jack Chambers, Canadian painter and director (b. 1931)
    • 1978 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian educator and women’s rights activist (b. 1900)
    • 1980 – Markus Höttinger, Austrian racing driver (b. 1956)
    • 1983 – Gerry Hitchens, English footballer (b. 1934)
    • 1983 – Theodore Stephanides, Greek physician, author, and poet (b. 1896)
    • 1984 – Ralph Kirkpatrick, American harp player and musicologist (b. 1911)
    • 1988 – Jean Gascon, Canadian actor and director (b. 1920)
    • 1992 – Maurice Sauvé, Canadian economist and politician (b. 1923)
    • 1992 – Feza Gürsey, Turkish mathematician and physicist (b. 1921)
    • 1992 – Daniel Pollock, Australian actor (b. 1968)
    • 1993 – Wallace Stegner, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1909)
    • 1996 – Leila Mackinlay, English author and educator (b. 1910)
    • 1997 – Bryant Bowles, American soldier and activist, founded the National Association for the Advancement of White People (b. 1920)
    • 1997 – Alan Cooley, Australian public servant (b. 1920)
    • 1997 – Dorothy Frooks, American author and actress (b. 1896)
    • 1997 – Voldemar Väli, Estonian wrestler (b. 1903)
    • 1998 – Patrick de Gayardon, French skydiver and base jumper (b. 1960)
    • 1999 – Ortvin Sarapu, Estonian-New Zealand chess player and author (b. 1924)
    • 1999 – Willi Stoph, German engineer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of East Germany (b. 1914)
    • 2000 – Giorgio Bassani, Italian author and poet (b. 1916)
    • 2000 – Frenchy Bordagaray, American baseball player and manager (b. 1910)
    • 2004 – Caron Keating, Northern Irish television host (b. 1962)
    • 2005 – Don Blasingame, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1932)
    • 2005 – Johnnie Johnson, American pianist and songwriter (b. 1924)
    • 2005 – Phillip Pavia, American painter and sculptor (b. 1912)
    • 2005 – Philippe Volter, Belgian actor and director (b. 1959)
    • 2006 – Bill Baker, American baseball player, coach, and umpire (b. 1911)
    • 2006 – Muriel Spark, Scottish novelist, poet, and critic (b. 1918)
    • 2008 – John Archibald Wheeler, American physicist and academic (b. 1911)
    • 2009 – Mark Fidrych, American baseball player (b. 1954)
    • 2009 – Bruce Snyder, American football player and coach (b. 1940)
    • 2009 – George Feigley, American sex cult leader, convicted rapist and two-time prison escapee (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – William B. Buffum, American soldier and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Lebanon (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Cecil Chaudhry, Pakistani pilot, academic, and activist (b. 1941)
    • 2012 – Shūichi Higurashi, Japanese illustrator (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – David S. Smith, American diplomat, United States Ambassador to Sweden (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Robert Wigmore, Cook Islander politician, 14th Deputy Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (b. 1949)
    • 2013 – Chi Cheng, American bass player (b. 1970)
    • 2013 – Stephen Dodgson, English composer and educator (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Dean Drummond, American composer and conductor (b. 1949)
    • 2013 – Vincent Montana, Jr., American drummer and composer (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Lin Yang-kang, Taiwanese politician, 29th Vice Premier of the Republic of China (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Fred Enke, American football player (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Ernesto Laclau, Argentinian-Spanish philosopher and theorist (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Michael Ruppert, American journalist and author (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Rafał Sznajder, Polish fencer (b. 1972)
    • 2015 – Gerald Calabrese, American basketball player and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2015 – Ronnie Carroll, Irish singer and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Thelma Coyne Long, Australian tennis player and captain (b. 1918)
    • 2015 – Eduardo Galeano, Uruguayan journalist and author (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Günter Grass, German novelist, poet, playwright, and illustrator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Herb Trimpe, American author and illustrator (b. 1939)
    • 2016 – Nera White, American basketball player (b. 1935)
    • 2017 – Dan Rooney, American football executive and former United States Ambassador to Ireland (b. 1932)
    • 2018 – Art Bell, American broadcaster and author (b. 1945)
    • 2019 – Neus Català, Anti-fascist activist (b. 1915)
    • 2019 – Yvette Williams, New Zealand athlete (b. 1929)

    Holidays and observances on April 13

    • Christian feast day:
      • Hermenegild
      • Blessed Ida of Louvain
      • Pope Martin I
      • April 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Jefferson’s Birthday (United States)
    • Katyn Memorial Day (Poland)
    • South and Southeast Asian New Year. (see April 14)
    • Teacher’s Day (Ecuador)
    • Unfairly Prosecuted Persons Day (Slovakia)