1476

  • July 22- History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids.
    • 1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
    • 1209 – Massacre at Béziers: The first major military action of the Albigensian Crusade.
    • 1298 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk: King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town of Falkirk.
    • 1342 – St. Mary Magdalene’s flood is the worst such event on record for central Europe.
    • 1443 – Battle of St. Jakob an der Sihl in the Old Zürich War.
    • 1456 – Ottoman wars in Europe: Siege of Belgrade: John Hunyadi, Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary, defeats Mehmet II of the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1484 – Battle of Lochmaben Fair: A 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas are defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany’s brother James III of Scotland; Douglas is captured.
    • 1499 – Battle of Dornach: The Swiss decisively defeat the army of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1587 – Roanoke Colony: A second group of English settlers arrives on Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
    • 1598 – William Shakespeare’s play, The Merchant of Venice, is entered on the Stationers’ Register. By decree of Queen Elizabeth, the Stationers’ Register licensed printed works, giving the Crown tight control over all published material.
    • 1686 – Albany, New York is formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan.
    • 1706 – The Acts of Union 1707 are agreed upon by commissioners from the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, which, when passed by each countries’ Parliaments, led to the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain.
    • 1793 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first recorded human to complete a transcontinental crossing of North America.
    • 1796 – Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio “Cleveland” after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
    • 1797 – Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Battle between Spanish and British naval forces during the French Revolutionary Wars. During the Battle, Rear-Admiral Nelson is wounded in the arm and the arm had to be partially amputated.
    • 1802 – Emperor Gia Long conquers Hanoi and unified Viet Nam, which had experienced centuries of feudal warfare.
    • 1805 – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition: Battle of Cape Finisterre: An inconclusive naval action is fought between a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder.
    • 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War: Battle of Salamanca: British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta: Outside Atlanta, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
    • 1893 – Katharine Lee Bates writes “America the Beautiful” after admiring the view from the top of Pikes Peak near Colorado Springs, Colorado.
    • 1894 – The first ever motor race is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen. The fastest finisher was the Comte Jules-Albert de Dion, but the ‘official’ victory was awarded to Albert Lemaître driving his 3 hp petrol engined Peugeot.
    • 1916 – Preparedness Day Bombing: In San Francisco, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a parade, killing ten and injuring 40.
    • 1921 – Rif War: The Spanish Army suffers its worst military defeat in modern times to the Berbers of the Rif region of Spanish Morocco.
    • 1933 – Aviator Wiley Post returns to Floyd Bennett Field in New York City, completing the first solo flight around the world in seven days, 18 hours and 49 minutes.
    • 1937 – New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
    • 1942 – The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
    • 1942 – The Holocaust in Poland: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw ghetto begins.
    • 1943 – World War II: Allied forces capture Palermo during the Allied invasion of Sicily.
    • 1943 – World War II: Axis occupation forces violently disperse a massive protest in Athens, killing 22.
    • 1944 – The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto, starting the period of Communist rule in Poland.
    • 1946 – King David Hotel bombing: A Zionist underground organisation, the Irgun, bombs the King David Hotel in Jerusalem, site of the civil administration and military headquarters for Mandatory Palestine, resulting in 91 deaths.
    • 1962 – Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
    • 1963 – Crown Colony of Sarawak gains self-governance.
    • 1976 – Japan completes its last reparation to the Philippines for war crimes committed during imperial Japan’s conquest of the country in the Second World War.
    • 1977 – Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
    • 1983 – Martial law in Poland is officially revoked.
    • 1990 – Greg LeMond, an American road racing cyclist, wins his third Tour de France after leading the majority of the race. It was LeMond’s second consecutive Tour de France victory.
    • 1992 – Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
    • 1993 – Great Flood of 1993: Levees near Kaskaskia, Illinois rupture, forcing the entire town to evacuate by barges operated by the Army Corps of Engineers.
    • 1997 – The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
    • 2003 – Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein’s sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay’s 14-year-old son, and a bodyguard.
    • 2005 – Jean Charles de Menezes is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers responsible for the 7 July 2005 London bombings and the 21 July 2005 London bombings.
    • 2011 – 2011 Norway attacks: first a bomb blast which targeted government buildings in central Oslo, followed by a massacre at a youth camp on the island of Utøya.
    • 2013 – 2013 Dingxi earthquakes, a series of earthquakes in Dingxi, China, kills at least 89 people and injures more than 500 others.

    Births on July 22

    • 1210 – Joan of England, Queen of Scotland (d. 1238)
    • 1437 – John Scrope, 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton, English Baron (d. 1498)
    • 1476 – Zhu Youyuan, Ming Dynasty politician (d. 1519)
    • 1478 – Philip I of Castile (d. 1506)
    • 1531 – Leonhard Thurneysser, scholar and elector of Brandenburg (d. 1595)
    • 1535 – Katarina Stenbock, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1621)
    • 1552 – Anthony Browne, Sheriff of Surrey and Kent (d. 1592)
    • 1552 – Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton, Lady of English peer and others (d. 1607)
    • 1559 – Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian priest and saint (d. 1619)
    • 1615 – Marguerite of Lorraine, princess of Lorraine, duchess of Orléans (d. 1672)
    • 1618 – Johan Nieuhof, Dutch traveler (d. 1672)
    • 1621 – Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (d. 1683)
    • 1630 – Madame de Brinvilliers, French aristocrat (d. 1676)
    • 1647 – Margaret Mary Alacoque, French nun, mystic and saint (d. 1690)
    • 1651 – Ferdinand Tobias Richter, Austrian organist and composer (d. 1711)
    • 1711 – Georg Wilhelm Richmann, German-Russian physicist and academic (d. 1753)
    • 1713 – Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect, designed the Panthéon (d. 1780)
    • 1733 – Mikhail Shcherbatov, Russian philosopher and historian (d. 1790)
    • 1755 – Gaspard de Prony, French mathematician and engineer (d. 1839)
    • 1784 – Friedrich Bessel, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1846)
    • 1839 – Jakob Hurt, Estonian theologist and linguist (d. 1907)
    • 1844 – William Archibald Spooner, English priest and scholar (d. 1930)
    • 1848 – Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1914)
    • 1849 – Emma Lazarus, American poet and educator (d. 1887)
    • 1856 – Octave Hamelin, French philosopher (d. 1907)
    • 1862 – Cosmo Duff-Gordon, Scottish fencer (d. 1931)
    • 1863 – Alec Hearne, English cricketer (d. 1952)
    • 1878 – Janusz Korczak, Polish pediatrician and author (d. 1942)
    • 1881 – Augusta Fox Bronner, American psychologist, specialist in juvenile psychology (d. 1966)
    • 1882 – Edward Hopper, American painter and etcher (d. 1967)
    • 1884 – Odell Shepard, American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (d. 1967)
    • 1886 – Hella Wuolijoki, Estonian-Finnish author (d. 1954)
    • 1887 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
    • 1888 – Kirk Bryan, American geologist and academic (d. 1950)
    • 1888 – Selman Waksman, Jewish-American biochemist and microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
    • 1889 – James Whale, English director (d. 1957)
    • 1890 – Rose Kennedy, American philanthropist (d. 1995)
    • 1892 – Jack MacBryan, English cricketer and field hockey player (d. 1983)
    • 1893 – Jesse Haines, American baseball player and coach (d. 1978)
    • 1893 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist and author (d. 1990)
    • 1895 – León de Greiff, Colombian poet, journalist, and diplomat (d. 1976)
    • 1898 – Stephen Vincent Benét, American poet, short story writer, and novelist (d. 1943)
    • 1899 – Sobhuza II of Swaziland (d. 1982)
    • 1908 – Amy Vanderbilt, American author (d. 1974)
    • 1909 – Licia Albanese, Italian-American soprano and actress (d. 2014)
    • 1909 – Dorino Serafini, Italian racing driver (d. 2000)
    • 1910 – Ruthie Tompson, American animator and artist
    • 1913 – Gorni Kramer, Italian bassist, songwriter, and bandleader (d. 1995)
    • 1915 – Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah, Indian-Pakistani politician and diplomat (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Gino Bianco, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1984)
    • 1916 – Marcel Cerdan, French boxer (d. 1949)
    • 1921 – William Roth, American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
    • 1923 – Bob Dole, American soldier, lawyer, and politician
    • 1923 – César Fernández Ardavín, Spanish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
    • 1924 – Margaret Whiting, American singer (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Jack Matthews, American author, playwright, and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Joseph Sargent, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Bryan Forbes, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Wolfgang Iser, German scholar, literary theorist (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Johan Ferner, Norwegian sailor (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Orson Bean, American actor (d. 2020)
    • 1928 – Jimmy Hill, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – John Barber, English racing driver (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Leonid Stolovich, Russian-Estonian philosopher and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Neil Welliver, American painter (d. 2005)
    • 1929 – Baselios Thomas I, Indian bishop
    • 1931 – Leo Labine, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
    • 1932 – Oscar de la Renta, Dominican-American fashion designer (d. 2014)
    • 1932 – Tom Robbins, American novelist
    • 1934 – Junior Cook, American saxophonist (d. 1992)
    • 1934 – Louise Fletcher, American actress
    • 1934 – Leon Rotman, Romanian canoeist
    • 1935 – Tom Cartwright, English-Welsh cricketer and coach (d. 2007)
    • 1936 – Don Patterson, American organist (d. 1988)
    • 1936 – Harold Rhodes, English cricketer
    • 1936 – Geraldine Claudette Darden, American mathematician
    • 1937 – Chuck Jackson, American R&B singer and songwriter
    • 1937 – Yasuhiro Kojima, Japanese-American wrestler and manager (d. 1999)
    • 1937 – John Price, English cricketer
    • 1937 – Vasant Ranjane, Indian cricketer (d. 2011)
    • 1938 – Terence Stamp, English actor
    • 1940 – Judith Walzer Leavitt, American historian and academic
    • 1940 – Alex Trebek, Canadian-American game show host and producer
    • 1941 – Estelle Bennett, American singer (d. 2009)
    • 1941 – Vaughn Bodē, American illustrator (d. 1975)
    • 1941 – George Clinton, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1941 – David M. Kennedy, American historian and author
    • 1942 – Michael Abney-Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun, English-Australian politician (d. 2012)
    • 1942 – Peter Habeler, Austrian mountaineer and skier
    • 1942 – Les Johns, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1943 – Masaru Emoto, Japanese author and activist (d. 2014)
    • 1943 – Kay Bailey Hutchison, American lawyer and politician
    • 1943 – Bobby Sherman, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1944 – Rick Davies, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1944 – Sparky Lyle, American baseball player and manager
    • 1944 – Anand Satyanand, New Zealand lawyer, judge, and politician, 19th Governor-General of New Zealand
    • 1945 – Philip Cohen, English biochemist and academic
    • 1946 – Danny Glover, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1946 – Paul Schrader, American director and screenwriter
    • 1946 – Rolando Joven Tria Tirona, Filipino archbishop
    • 1946 – Johnson Toribiong, Palauan lawyer and politician, 7th President of Palau
    • 1947 – Albert Brooks, American actor, comedian, director, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – Gilles Duceppe, Canadian politician
    • 1947 – Don Henley, American singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1949 – Alan Menken, American pianist and composer
    • 1949 – Lasse Virén, Finnish runner and police officer
    • 1950 – S. E. Hinton, American author
    • 1951 – Richard Bennett, American guitarist and producer
    • 1951 – J. V. Cain, American football player (d. 1979)
    • 1951 – Patriarch Daniel of Romania
    • 1953 – Brian Howe, English singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – Al Di Meola, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1954 – Steve LaTourette, American lawyer and politician (d. 2016)
    • 1954 – Lonette McKee, American actress and singer
    • 1954 – Ingrid Daubechies, Belgian physicist and mathematician
    • 1955 – Richard J. Corman, American businessman, founded the R.J. Corman Railroad Group (d. 2013)
    • 1955 – Willem Dafoe, American actor
    • 1956 – Mick Pointer, English neo-progressive rock drummer (Marillion; Arena)
    • 1956 – Scott Sanderson, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1957 – Dave Stieb, American baseball player
    • 1958 – Tatsunori Hara, Japanese baseball player and coach
    • 1958 – David Von Erich, American wrestler (d. 1984)
    • 1960 – Jon Oliva, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1961 – Calvin Fish, English racing driver and sportscaster
    • 1961 – Keith Sweat, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1962 – Alvin Robertson, American basketball player
    • 1962 – Martine St. Clair, Canadian singer and actress
    • 1963 – Emilio Butragueño, Spanish footballer
    • 1963 – Emily Saliers, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1964 – Will Calhoun, American rock drummer (Living Colour)
    • 1964 – Bonnie Langford, English actress and dancer
    • 1964 – John Leguizamo, Colombian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – David Spade, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Derrick Dalley, Canadian educator and politician
    • 1965 – Shawn Michaels, American wrestler, trainer, and actor
    • 1965 – Richard B. Poore, New Zealand humanitarian
    • 1965 – Doug Riesenberg, American football player and coach
    • 1966 – Tim Brown, American football player and manager
    • 1967 – Lauren Booth, English journalist and activist
    • 1967 – Rhys Ifans, Welsh actor
    • 1969 – Despina Vandi, German-Greek singer and actress
    • 1970 – Jason Becker, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1970 – Steve Carter, Australian rugby league player
    • 1970 – Sergei Zubov, Russian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1972 – Franco Battaini, Italian Motor Cycle racer
    • 1972 – Colin Ferguson, Canadian actor, director, and producer
    • 1972 – Seth Fisher, American illustrator (d. 2006)
    • 1972 – Keyshawn Johnson, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Brian Chippendale, American singer and drummer
    • 1973 – Mike Sweeney, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Ece Temelkuran, Turkish journalist and author
    • 1973 – Rufus Wainwright, American-Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1974 – Franka Potente, German actress
    • 1977 – Ezio Galon, Italian rugby player
    • 1977 – Ingo Hertzsch, German footballer
    • 1977 – Gustavo Nery, Brazilian footballer
    • 1978 – Runako Morton, Nevisian cricketer (d. 2012)
    • 1978 – Dennis Rommedahl, Danish footballer
    • 1979 – Lucas Luhr, German racing driver
    • 1979 – Yadel Martí, Cuban baseball player
    • 1980 – Dirk Kuyt, Dutch footballer
    • 1980 – Kate Ryan, Belgian singer-songwriter
    • 1980 – Tablo, South Korean-Canadian rapper
    • 1982 – Nuwan Kulasekara, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1983 – Aldo de Nigris, Mexican footballer
    • 1983 – Dries Devenyns, Belgian cyclist
    • 1983 – Steven Jackson, American football player
    • 1983 – Andreas Ulvo, Norwegian pianist
    • 1984 – Stewart Downing, English footballer
    • 1985 – Jessica Abbott, Australian swimmer
    • 1985 – Takudzwa Ngwenya, Zimbabwean-American rugby player
    • 1985 – Akira Tozawa, Japanese wrestler
    • 1986 – Stevie Johnson, American football player
    • 1987 – Denis Gargaud Chanut, French slalom canoeist
    • 1987 – Charlotte Kalla, Swedish skier
    • 1988 – William Buick, Norwegian-British flat jockey
    • 1988 – Paul Coutts, Scottish footballer
    • 1988 – Thomas Kraft, German footballer
    • 1988 – Sercan Temizyürek, Turkish footballer
    • 1989 – Keegan Allen, American actor, photographer and musician
    • 1991 – Matty James, English footballer
    • 1992 – Anja Aguilar, Filipino actress and singer
    • 1992 – Selena Gomez, American singer and actress
    • 1992 – Carolin Schnarre, German Paralympic equestrian
    • 1993 – Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, Kyrgyzstani-American terrorist
    • 1994 – Jaz Sinclair, American film and television actress
    • 1995 – Ezekiel Elliott, American football player
    • 1995 – Armaan Malik, Indian playback singer, composer and songwriter
    • 1996 – Skyler Gisondo, American actor
    • 2002 – Prince Felix of Denmark
    • 2013 – Prince George of Cambridge

    Deaths on July 22

    • 698 – Wu Chengsi, nephew of Chinese sovereign Wu Zetian
    • 1258 – Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol (b. c. 1200)
    • 1274 – Henry I of Navarre, Count of Champagne and Brie and King of Navarre
    • 1298 – Sir John de Graham, Scottish soldier at the Battle of Falkirk
    • 1362 – Louis, Count of Gravina (b. 1324)
    • 1376 – Simon Langham, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1310)
    • 1387 – Frans Ackerman, Flemish politician (b. 1330)
    • 1461 – Charles VII of France (b. 1403)
    • 1525 – Richard Wingfield, English courtier and diplomat, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1426)
    • 1540 – John Zápolya, Hungarian king (b. 1487)
    • 1550 – Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra (b. 1481)
    • 1581 – Richard Cox, English bishop (b. 1500)
    • 1619 – Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian priest and saint (b. 1559)
    • 1645 – Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish statesman (b. 1587)
    • 1676 – Pope Clement X (b. 1590)
    • 1726 – Hugh Drysdale, English-American politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia
    • 1734 – Peter King, 1st Baron King, English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1669)
    • 1789 – Joseph Foullon de Doué, French politician, Controller-General of Finances (b. 1715)
    • 1802 – Marie François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist and physiologist (b. 1771)
    • 1824 – Thomas Macnamara Russell, English admiral
    • 1826 – Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1746)
    • 1832 – Napoleon II, French emperor (b. 1811)
    • 1833 – Joseph Forlenze, Italian ophthalmologist and surgeon (b. 1757)
    • 1864 – James B. McPherson, American general (b. 1828)
    • 1869 – John A. Roebling, German-American engineer, designed the Brooklyn Bridge (b. 1806)
    • 1902 – Mieczysław Halka-Ledóchowski, Polish cardinal (b. 1822)
    • 1903 – Cassius Marcellus Clay, American publisher, lawyer, and politician, United States Ambassador to Russia (b. 1810)
    • 1904 – Wilson Barrett, English actor and playwright (b. 1846)
    • 1906 – William Snodgrass, Canadian minister and academic (b. 1827)
    • 1908 – Randal Cremer, English politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1828)
    • 1915 – Sandford Fleming, Scottish-Canadian engineer and inventor, developed Standard time (b. 1827)
    • 1916 – James Whitcomb Riley, American poet and author (b. 1849)
    • 1918 – Indra Lal Roy, Indian lieutenant and first Indian fighter aircraft pilot (b. 1898)
    • 1920 – William Kissam Vanderbilt, American businessman and horse breeder (b. 1849)
    • 1922 – Jōkichi Takamine, Japanese-American chemist and academic (b. 1854)
    • 1932 – J. Meade Falkner, English author and poet (b. 1858)
    • 1932 – Reginald Fessenden, Canadian inventor and academic (b. 1866)
    • 1932 – Errico Malatesta, Italian activist and author (b. 1853)
    • 1932 – Flo Ziegfeld, American actor and producer (b. 1867)
    • 1934 – John Dillinger, American gangster (b. 1903)
    • 1937 – Ted McDonald, Australian cricketer and footballer (b. 1891)
    • 1940 – George Fuller, Australian politician, 22nd Premier of New South Wales (b. 1861)
    • 1940 – Albert Young, American boxer and promoter (b. 1877)
    • 1948 – Rūdolfs Jurciņš, Latvian basketball player (b. 1909)
    • 1950 – William Lyon Mackenzie King, Canadian economist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
    • 1958 – Mikhail Zoshchenko, Ukrainian-Russian soldier and author (b. 1895)
    • 1967 – Carl Sandburg, American poet and historian (b. 1878)
    • 1968 – Giovannino Guareschi, Italian journalist and cartoonist (b. 1908)
    • 1969 – Judy Garland, american actress, singer, dancer, and vaudevillian (b. 1922)
    • 1970 – George Johnston, Australian journalist and author (b. 1912)
    • 1974 – Wayne Morse, American lawyer and politician (b. 1900)
    • 1979 – J. V. Cain, American football player (b. 1951)
    • 1979 – Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1929)
    • 1986 – Floyd Gottfredson, American author and illustrator (b. 1905)
    • 1986 – Ede Staal, Dutch singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
    • 1987 – Fahrettin Kerim Gökay, Turkish physician and politician, Turkish Minister of Health (b. 1900)
    • 1990 – Manuel Puig, Argentinian author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1932)
    • 1990 – Eduard Streltsov, Soviet footballer (b. 1937)
    • 1992 – David Wojnarowicz, American painter, photographer, and activist (b. 1954)
    • 1995 – Harold Larwood, English-Australian cricketer (b. 1904)
    • 1996 – Rob Collins, English keyboard player (b. 1956)
    • 1998 – Fritz Buchloh, German footballer and coach (b. 1909)
    • 2000 – Eric Christmas, English-born Canadian actor (b. 1916)
    • 2000 – Carmen Martín Gaite, Spanish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1925)
    • 2000 – Raymond Lemieux, Canadian chemist and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Claude Sautet, French director and screenwriter (b. 1924)
    • 2001 – Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist and historian (b. 1909)
    • 2004 – Sacha Distel, French singer and guitarist (b. 1933)
    • 2004 – Illinois Jacquet, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1922)
    • 2005 – Eugene Record, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1940)
    • 2006 – Dika Newlin, American composer, singer-songwriter, and pianist (d. 1923)
    • 2006 – José Antonio Delgado, Venezuelan mountaineer (b. 1965)
    • 2007 – Mike Coolbaugh, American baseball player and coach (b. 1972)
    • 2007 – Jarrod Cunningham, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1968)
    • 2007 – László Kovács, Hungarian-American director and cinematographer (b. 1933)
    • 2007 – Rollie Stiles, American baseball player (b. 1906)
    • 2008 – Estelle Getty, American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2009 – Richard M. Givan, American lawyer and judge (b. 1921)
    • 2009 – Peter Krieg, German director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Kenny Guinn, American banker and politician, 27th Governor of Nevada (b. 1936)
    • 2011 – Linda Christian, Mexican-American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Cees de Wolf, Dutch footballer (b. 1945)
    • 2012 – Ding Guangen, Chinese engineer and politician (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – George Armitage Miller, American psychologist and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Frank Pierson, American director and screenwriter (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Natalie de Blois, American architect, co-designed the Lever House (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Dennis Farina, American policeman and actor (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Lawrie Reilly, Scottish footballer (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Rosalie E. Wahl, American lawyer and judge (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Johann Breyer, German SS officer (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Louis Lentin, Irish director and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Nitzan Shirazi, Israeli footballer and manager (b. 1971)
    • 2018 – Frank Havens, American canoeist (b. 1924)

    Holidays and observances on July 22

    • Birthday of the Late King Sobhuza (Swaziland)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Abd-al-Masih
      • Joseph of Tiberias (or of Palestine)
      • Markella
      • Mary Magdalene
      • Nohra (Maronite Church)
      • July 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Parents’ Day can fall, while 28 July is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Sunday in July. (United States)
    • National Press Day (Azerbaijan)
    • Pi Approximation Day, see also March 14
    • Ratcatcher’s Day
    • Revolution Day (The Gambia)

    • Sarawak Self-government Day (Sarawak, Malaysia)

  • July 21- History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson.
    • 230 – Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope.
    • 285 – Diocletian appoints Maximian as Caesar and co-ruler.
    • 365 – The 365 Crete earthquake affects the Greek island of Crete with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), causing a destructive tsunami that affects the coasts of Libya and Egypt, especially Alexandria. Many thousands were killed.
    • 905 – King Berengar I of Italy and a hired Hungarian army defeats the Frankish forces at Verona. King Louis III is captured and blinded for breaking his oath (see 902).
    • 1242 – Battle of Taillebourg: Louis IX of France puts an end to the revolt of his vassals Henry III of England and Hugh X of Lusignan.
    • 1403 – Battle of Shrewsbury: King Henry IV of England defeats rebels to the north of the county town of Shropshire, England.
    • 1545 – The first landing of French troops on the coast of the Isle of Wight during the French invasion of the Isle of Wight.
    • 1568 – Eighty Years’ War: Battle of Jemmingen: Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva defeats Louis of Nassau.
    • 1645 – Qing dynasty regent Dorgon issues an edict ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a queue identical to those of the Manchus.
    • 1656 – The Raid on Málaga takes place during the Anglo-Spanish War.
    • 1718 – The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed.
    • 1774 – Russo-Turkish War (1768–74): Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca ending the war.
    • 1798 – French campaign in Egypt and Syria: Napoleon’s forces defeat an Ottoman-Mamluk army near Cairo in the Battle of the Pyramids.
    • 1831 – Inauguration of Leopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for the Confederate army.
    • 1865 – In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tutt in what is regarded as the first western showdown.
    • 1873 – At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American Old West.
    • 1877 – After rioting by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers and the deaths of nine rail workers at the hands of the Maryland militia, workers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, stage a sympathy strike that is met with an assault by the state militia.
    • 1904 – Louis Rigolly, a Frenchman, becomes the first man to break the 100 mph (161 km/h) barrier on land. He drove a 15-liter Gobron-Brillié in Ostend, Belgium.
    • 1907 – The passenger steamer SS Columbia sinks after colliding with the steam schooner San Pedro off Shelter Cove, California, killing 88 people.
    • 1919 – The dirigible Wingfoot Air Express crashes into the Illinois Trust and Savings Building in Chicago, killing 12 people.
    • 1925 – Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John T. Scopes is found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined $100.
    • 1925 – Malcolm Campbell becomes the first man to exceed 150 mph (241 km/h) on land. At Pendine Sands in Wales, he drives Sunbeam 350HP built by Sunbeam at a two-way average speed of 150.33 mph (242 km/h).
    • 1944 – World War II: Battle of Guam: American troops land on Guam, starting a battle that will end on August 10.
    • 1944 – World War II: Claus von Stauffenberg and fellow conspirators are tortured and executed in Berlin, Germany, for the July 20 plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler.
    • 1949 – The United States Senate ratifies the North Atlantic Treaty.
    • 1952 – The 7.3 Mw  Kern County earthquake strikes Southern California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing 12 and injuring hundreds.
    • 1954 – First Indochina War: The Geneva Conference partitions Vietnam into North Vietnam and South Vietnam.
    • 1959 – NS Savannah, the first nuclear-powered cargo-passenger ship, is launched as a showcase for Dwight D. Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” initiative.
    • 1959 – Elijah Jerry “Pumpsie” Green becomes the first African-American to play for the Boston Red Sox, the last team to integrate. He came in as a pinch runner for Vic Wertz and stayed in as shortstop in a 2–1 loss to the Chicago White Sox.
    • 1960 – Sirimavo Bandaranaike is elected Prime Minister of Sri Lanka, becoming the world’s first female head of government
    • 1961 – Mercury program: Mercury-Redstone 4 Mission: Gus Grissom piloting Liberty Bell 7 becomes the second American to go into space (in a suborbital mission).
    • 1969 – Apollo program: At 02:56 UTC, astronaut Neil Armstrong becomes the first person to walk on the Moon.
    • 1970 – After 11 years of construction, the Aswan High Dam in Egypt is completed.
    • 1972 – The Troubles: Bloody Friday: The Provisional IRA detonate 22 bombs in central Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom in the space of 80 minutes, killing nine and injuring 130.
    • 1973 – In Lillehammer, Norway, Mossad agents kill a waiter whom they mistakenly thought was involved in the 1972 Munich Olympics Massacre.
    • 1976 – Christopher Ewart-Biggs, the British ambassador to the Republic of Ireland, is assassinated by the Provisional IRA.
    • 1977 – The start of the four-day-long Libyan–Egyptian War.
    • 1979 – Jay Silverheels, a Mohawk actor, becomes the first Native American to have a star commemorated in the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
    • 1983 – The world’s lowest temperature in an inhabited location is recorded at Vostok Station, Antarctica at −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F).
    • 1990 – Taiwan’s military police forces mainland Chinese illegal immigrants into sealed holds of a fishing boat Min Ping Yu No. 5540 for repatriation to Fujian, causing 25 people to die from suffocation.
    • 1995 – Third Taiwan Strait Crisis: The People’s Liberation Army begins firing missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.
    • 2001 – At the conclusion of a fireworks display on Okura Beach in Akashi, Hyōgo, Japan, 11 people are killed and more than 120 are injured when a pedestrian footbridge connecting the beach to JR Asagiri Station becomes overcrowded and people leaving the event fall down in a domino effect.
    • 2005 – July 2005 London bombings occur.
    • 2008 – Ram Baran Yadav is declared the first president of Nepal.
    • 2011 – NASA’s Space Shuttle program ends with the landing of Space Shuttle Atlantis on mission STS-135 at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center.
    • 2012 – Erden Eruç completes the first solo human-powered circumnavigation of the world.

    Births on July 21

    • 541 – Emperor Wen of Sui, emperor of the Sui Dynasty (d. 604)
    • 1030 – Kyansittha, King of Burma (d. 1112)
    • 1414 – Pope Sixtus IV (d. 1484)
    • 1462 – Queen Jeonghyeon, Korean royal consort (d. 1530)
    • 1476 – Alfonso I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara (d. 1534)
    • 1476 – Anna Sforza, Italian noble (d. 1497)
    • 1515 – Philip Neri, Italian Roman Catholic saint (d. 1595)
    • 1535 – García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete, Royal Governor of Chile (d. 1609)
    • 1616 – Anna de’ Medici, Archduchess of Austria (d. 1676)
    • 1620 – Jean Picard, French astronomer (d. 1682)
    • 1648 – John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee, Scottish general (d. 1689)
    • 1654 – Pedro Calungsod, Filipino catechist and sacristan; later canonized (d. 1672)
    • 1664 – Matthew Prior, English poet and diplomat, British Ambassador to France (d. 1721)
    • 1693 – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1768)
    • 1710 – Paul Möhring, German physician, botanist, and zoologist (d. 1792)
    • 1783 – Charles Tristan, marquis de Montholon, French general (d. 1853)
    • 1808 – Simion Bărnuțiu, Romanian historian, academic, and politician (d. 1864)
    • 1810 – Henri Victor Regnault, French chemist and physicist (d. 1878)
    • 1811 – Robert Mackenzie, Scottish-Australian politician, 3rd Premier of Queensland (d. 1873)
    • 1816 – Paul Reuter, German-English journalist, founded Reuters (d. 1899)
    • 1858 – Maria Christina of Austria (d. 1929)
    • 1858 – Lovis Corinth, German painter (d. 1925)
    • 1858 – Alfred Henry O’Keeffe, New Zealand painter and educator (d. 1941)
    • 1863 – C. Aubrey Smith, English-American cricketer and actor (d. 1948)
    • 1866 – Carlos Schwabe, Swiss Symbolist painter and printmaker (d. 1926)
    • 1870 – Emil Orlík, Czech painter, etcher, and lithographer (d. 1932)
    • 1875 – Charles Gondouin, French rugby player and tug of war competitor (d. 1947)
    • 1880 – Milan Rastislav Štefánik, Slovak astronomer, general, and politician (d. 1919)
    • 1882 – David Burliuk, Ukrainian author and illustrator (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Jacques Feyder, Belgian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1948)
    • 1891 – Julius Saaristo, Finnish javelin thrower and soldier (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – Hans Fallada, German author (d. 1947)
    • 1896 – Sophie Bledsoe Aberle, Native American anthropologist, physician and nutritionist (d. 1996)
    • 1898 – Sara Carter, American singer-songwriter (d. 1979)
    • 1899 – Hart Crane, American poet (d. 1932)
    • 1899 – Ernest Hemingway, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
    • 1900 – Isadora Bennett, American theatre manager and modern dance publicity agent (d. 1980)
    • 1903 – Russell Lee, American photographer and journalist (d. 1986)
    • 1903 – Roy Neuberger, American businessman and financier, co-founded Neuberger Berman (d. 2010)
    • 1908 – Jug McSpaden, American golfer and architect (d. 1996)
    • 1911 – Marshall McLuhan, Canadian author and theorist (d. 1980)
    • 1911 – Umashankar Joshi, Indian author, poet, and scholar (d. 1988)
    • 1914 – Aleksander Kreek, Estonian shot putter and discus thrower (d. 1977)
    • 1917 – Alan B. Gold, Canadian lawyer and jurist (d. 2005)
    • 1920 – Constant Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2005)
    • 1920 – Isaac Stern, Polish violinist and conductor (d. 2001)
    • 1920 – Jean Daniel, Algerian-French-Jewish journalist and author (d. 2020)
    • 1921 – James Cooke Brown, American sociologist and author (d. 2000)
    • 1921 – John Horsley, English actor (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa, Zulu sangoma (d. 2020)
    • 1922 – Kay Starr, American singer (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – Mollie Sugden, English actress (d. 2009)
    • 1923 – Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1923 – Queenie Watts, English actress and singer (d. 1980)
    • 1924 – Rahimuddin Khan, Pakistani general and politician, 7th Governor of Balochistan
    • 1924 – Don Knotts, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1926 – Paul Burke, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1925 – Johnny Peirson, Canadian hockey player
    • 1926 – Norman Jewison, Canadian actor, director, and producer
    • 1926 – Bill Pertwee, English actor (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Karel Reisz, Czech-English director and producer (d. 2002)
    • 1928 – Sky Low Low, Canadian wrestler (d. 1998)
    • 1929 – Bob Orton, American wrestler (d. 2006)
    • 1930 – Anand Bakshi, Indian poet and songwriter (d. 2002)
    • 1930 – Helen Merrill, American singer
    • 1931 – Sonny Clark, American pianist and composer (d. 1963)
    • 1931 – Plas Johnson, American saxophonist
    • 1931 – Leon Schidlowsky, Chilean-Israeli painter and composer
    • 1932 – Kaye Stevens, American singer and actress (d. 2011)
    • 1933 – John Gardner, American novelist, essayist, and critic (d. 1982)
    • 1934 – Chandu Borde, Indian cricketer and manager
    • 1934 – Jonathan Miller, English actor, director, and author (d. 2019)
    • 1935 – Norbert Blüm, German businessman and politician
    • 1935 – Moe Drabowsky, Polish-American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
    • 1937 – Eduard Streltsov, Soviet footballer (d. 1990)
    • 1938 – Les Aspin, American captain and politician, 18th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 1995)
    • 1938 – Anton Kuerti, Austrian-Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1938 – Janet Reno, American lawyer and politician, 79th United States Attorney General (d. 2016)
    • 1939 – Jamey Aebersold, American saxophonist and educator
    • 1939 – Kim Fowley, American singer-songwriter, producer, and manager (d. 2015)
    • 1939 – John Negroponte, English-American diplomat, 23rd United States Ambassador to the United Nations
    • 1943 – Fritz Glatz, Austrian race car driver (d. 2002)
    • 1943 – Edward Herrmann, American actor (d. 2014)
    • 1943 – Henry McCullough, Northern Irish guitarist, singer and songwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1944 – John Atta Mills, Ghanaian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Ghana (d. 2012)
    • 1944 – Buchi Emecheta, Nigerian author and academic (d. 2017)
    • 1944 – Paul Wellstone, American academic and politician (d. 2002)
    • 1945 – Wendy Cope, English poet, critic, and educator
    • 1945 – Geoff Dymock, Australian cricketer
    • 1945 – Barry Richards, South African cricketer
    • 1946 – Ken Starr, American lawyer and judge, 39th Solicitor General of the United States
    • 1946 – Timothy Harris, American author, screenwriter and producer
    • 1947 – Chetan Chauhan, Indian cricketer and politician
    • 1948 – Art Hindle, Canadian actor and director
    • 1948 – Cat Stevens (Yusuf Islam), English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Garry Trudeau, American cartoonist
    • 1949 – Christina Hart, American playwright and actress
    • 1949 – Hirini Melbourne, New Zealand singer-songwriter and poet (d. 2003)
    • 1950 – Ubaldo Fillol, Argentinian footballer and coach
    • 1950 – Susan Kramer, Baroness Kramer, English politician, Minister of State for Transport
    • 1951 – Richard Gozney, English politician and diplomat, 30th Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man, 139th Governor of Bermuda
    • 1951 – Robin Williams, American actor, singer, and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1952 – John Barrasso, American physician and politician
    • 1952 – Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah, Malaysian economist
    • 1953 – Eric Bazilian, American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, arranger, and producer (The Hooters)
    • 1953 – Jeff Fatt, Australian keyboard player and actor
    • 1953 – Bernie Fraser, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1953 – Brian Talbot, English footballer and manager
    • 1955 – Howie Epstein, American bass player, songwriter, and producer (d. 2003)
    • 1955 – Dannel Malloy, American lawyer and politician, 88th Governor of Connecticut
    • 1955 – Henry Priestman, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1955 – Taco, Indonesian-born Dutch singer and entertainer
    • 1955 – Béla Tarr, Hungarian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Michael Connelly, American author
    • 1957 – Stefan Löfven, Swedish trade union leader and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Sweden
    • 1957 – Jon Lovitz, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1958 – Dave Henderson, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
    • 1959 – Gene Miles, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1959 – Reha Muhtar, Turkish journalist
    • 1959 – Paul Vautin, Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Amar Singh Chamkila, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1960 – Veselin Matić, Serbian basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Fritz Walter, German footballer
    • 1961 – Morris Iemma, Australian politician, 40th Premier of New South Wales
    • 1961 – Jim Martin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1962 – Victor Adebowale, Baron Adebowale, English businessman
    • 1963 – Kevin Poole, English footballer and manager
    • 1963 – Giant Silva, Brazilian basketball player, mixed martial artist, and wrestler
    • 1964 – Steve Collins, Irish boxer and actor
    • 1964 – Ross Kemp, English actor and producer
    • 1964 – Jens Weißflog, German ski jumper and journalist
    • 1965 – Guðni Bergsson, Icelandic footballer and lawyer
    • 1965 – Mike Bordick, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Arija Bareikis, American actress
    • 1966 – Sarah Waters, Welsh author and academic
    • 1968 – Brandi Chastain, American soccer player and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Aditya Srivastava, Indian actor
    • 1968 – Lyle Odelein, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1969 – Godfrey, American comedian and actor
    • 1969 – Klaus Graf, German race car driver
    • 1969 – Emerson Hart, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1969 – Isabell Werth, German equestrian
    • 1970 – Michael Fitzpatrick, American singer-songwriter
    • 1971 – Emmanuel Bangué, French long jumper
    • 1971 – Charlotte Gainsbourg, English-French actress and singer
    • 1971 – Nitzan Shirazi, Israeli footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1972 – Korey Cooper, American singer and guitarist
    • 1972 – Catherine Ndereba, Kenyan marathon runner
    • 1974 – Geoff Jenkins, American baseball player and coach
    • 1974 – René Reinumägi, Estonian actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1975 – Christopher Barzak, American author and educator
    • 1975 – Cara Dillon, Irish singer-songwriter
    • 1975 – Ravindra Pushpakumara, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1975 – Mike Sellers, American football player
    • 1976 – Jaime Murray, English actress
    • 1977 – Paul Casey, English golfer
    • 1978 – Justin Bartha, American actor
    • 1978 – Anderson da Silva Gibin, Brazilian footballer
    • 1978 – Josh Hartnett, American actor
    • 1978 – Julian Huppert, English academic and politician
    • 1978 – Damian Marley, Jamaican singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1978 – Gary Teale, Scottish footballer
    • 1979 – David Carr, American football player
    • 1979 – Tamika Catchings, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Luis Ernesto Michel, Mexican footballer
    • 1979 – Andriy Voronin, Ukrainian footballer
    • 1980 – Justin Griffith, American football player
    • 1980 – Sandra Laoura, French skier
    • 1980 – CC Sabathia, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Yvonne Sampson, Australian journalist and sportscaster
    • 1981 – Paloma Faith, English singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1981 – Anabelle Langlois, Canadian figure skater
    • 1981 – Joaquín, Spanish footballer
    • 1981 – Romeo Santos, American singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Stefan Schumacher, German cyclist
    • 1982 – Jason Cram, Australian swimmer
    • 1982 – Mao Kobayashi, Japanese newscaster and actress (d. 2017)
    • 1984 – Jurrick Juliana, Dutch footballer
    • 1984 – Liam Ridgewell, English footballer
    • 1985 – Mati Lember, Estonian footballer
    • 1985 – Von Wafer, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Anthony Annan, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1986 – Rebecca Ferguson, American-English singer-songwriter
    • 1986 – Jason Thompson, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Bilel Mohsni, French footballer
    • 1987 – Jesús Zavala, Mexican footballer
    • 1988 – KB, American rapper
    • 1988 – DeAndre Jordan, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Chris Mitchell, Scottish footballer (d. 2016)
    • 1989 – Marco Fabián, Mexican footballer
    • 1989 – Juno Temple, English actress
    • 1990 – Chris Martin, English footballer
    • 1990 – Jason Roy, English cricketer
    • 1990 – Erislandy Savón, Cuban amateur heavyweight boxer
    • 1990 – Franck Elemba, Congolese athlete
    • 1991 – Sara Sampaio, Portuguese model
    • 1992 – Rachael Flatt, American figure skater
    • 1996 – Mikael Ingebrigtsen, Norwegian footballer
    • 1998 – Thomas Preining, Austrian racing driver

    Deaths on July 21

    • 658 – K’an II, Mayan ruler (b. 588)
    • 710 – Li Guo’er, princess of the Tang dynasty
    • 710 – Wei, empress of the Tang Dynasty
    • 710 – Shangguan Wan’er, Chinese poet (b. 664)
    • 987 – Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou
    • 1259 – Gojong of Goryeo
    • 1403 – Henry Percy, English soldier (b. 1364)
    • 1403 – Sir Walter Blount, English soldier, standard-bearer of Henry IV
    • 1403 – Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford, English soldier
    • 1425 – Manuel II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1350)
    • 1552 – Antonio de Mendoza, Spanish politician, 1st Viceroy of New Spain (b. 1495)
    • 1688 – James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1610)
    • 1793 – Antoine Bruni d’Entrecasteaux, French admiral, explorer, and politician (b. 1739)
    • 1796 – Robert Burns, Scottish poet and songwriter (b. 1759)
    • 1798 – François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt, Austrian field marshal (b. 1733)
    • 1798 – Anthony Perry, Irish rebel leader (b. ca. 1760)
    • 1868 – William Bland, Australian surgeon and politician (b. 1789)
    • 1878 – Sam Bass, American outlaw (b. 1851)
    • 1880 – Hiram Walden, American general and politician (b. 1800)
    • 1889 – Nelson Dewey, American lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1813)
    • 1899 – Robert G. Ingersoll, American soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1833)
    • 1920 – Fiammetta Wilson, English astronomer and educator (b. 1864)
    • 1932 – Bill Gleason, American baseball player (b. 1858)
    • 1934 – Hubert Lyautey, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (b. 1854)
    • 1938 – Owen Wister, American lawyer and author (b. 1860)
    • 1941 – Bohdan Lepky, Ukrainian poet and scholar (b. 1872)
    • 1943 – Charley Paddock, American runner and actor (b. 1900)
    • 1943 – Louis Vauxcelles, French Jewish art critic (b. 1870)
    • 1944 – Claus von Stauffenberg, German soldier (b. 1907)
    • 1946 – Gualberto Villarroel, Bolivian soldier and politician, 45th President of Bolivia (b. 1908)
    • 1948 – Arshile Gorky, Armenian-American painter and illustrator (b. 1904)
    • 1952 – Pedro Lascuráin, Mexican politician, president for 45 minutes on February 13, 1913. (b. 1856)
    • 1966 – Philipp Frank, Austrian-American physicist, mathematician, and philosopher, Vienna Circle member (b. 1884)
    • 1967 – Jimmie Foxx, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1907)
    • 1967 – Albert Lutuli, South African academic and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
    • 1967 – Basil Rathbone, South African-American actor and singer (b. 1892)
    • 1968 – Ruth St. Denis, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1878)
    • 1970 – Mikhail Mikhaylovich Gerasimov, Russian anthropologist and sculptor (b. 1907)
    • 1970 – Bob Kalsu, American football player and lieutenant (b. 1945)
    • 1972 – Ralph Craig, American sprinter and sailor (b. 1889)
    • 1972 – Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, Bhutanese king (b. 1928)
    • 1977 – Lee Miller, American model and photographer (b. 1907)
    • 1982 – Dave Garroway, American journalist and actor (b. 1913)
    • 1991 – Paul Warwick, English race car driver (b. 1969)
    • 1994 – Marijac, French author and illustrator (b. 1908)
    • 1997 – Olaf Kopvillem, Estonian-Canadian conductor and composer (b. 1926)
    • 1998 – Alan Shepard, American admiral, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1923)
    • 1998 – Robert Young, American actor and singer (b. 1907)
    • 2000 – Marc Reisner, American environmentalist and author (b. 1948)
    • 2002 – Esphyr Slobodkina, Russian-American author and illustrator (b. 1908)
    • 2003 – John Davies, English-New Zealand runner and coach (b. 1938)
    • 2004 – Jerry Goldsmith, American composer and conductor (b. 1929)
    • 2004 – Edward B. Lewis, American geneticist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
    • 2005 – Long John Baldry, English-Canadian singer and actor (b. 1941)
    • 2005 – Lord Alfred Hayes, English-American wrestler and manager (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Mako Iwamatsu, Japanese-American actor and singer (b. 1933)
    • 2006 – Ta Mok, Cambodian soldier and monk (b. 1926)
    • 2007 – Dubravko Škiljan, Croatian linguist and academic (b. 1949)
    • 2008 – Donald Stokes, English businessman (b. 1914)
    • 2010 – Luis Corvalán, Chilean educator and politician (b. 1916)
    • 2010 – Ralph Houk, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1919)
    • 2010 – John E. Irving, Canadian businessman (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – Alexander Cockburn, Scottish-American journalist and author (b. 1941)
    • 2012 – Marie Kruckel, American baseball player (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Ali Podrimja, Albanian poet and author (b. 1942)
    • 2012 – James D. Ramage, American admiral and pilot (b. 1916)
    • 2012 – Angharad Rees, English-born Welsh actress (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Don Wilson, English cricketer and coach (b. 1937)
    • 2013 – Andrea Antonelli, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1988)
    • 2013 – Lourembam Brojeshori Devi, Indian martial artist (b. 1981)
    • 2013 – Det de Beus, Dutch field hockey player (b. 1958)
    • 2013 – Luis Fernando Rizo-Salom, Colombian-French composer and educator (b. 1971)
    • 2013 – Fred Taylor, American football player and coach (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Louise Abeita, Isleta Pueblo (Native American) writer, poet, and educator (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Dan Borislow, American businessman, invented the magicJack (b. 1961)
    • 2014 – Lettice Curtis, English engineer and pilot (b. 1915)
    • 2014 – Hans-Peter Kaul, German lawyer and judge (b. 1943)
    • 2014 – Rilwanu Lukman, Nigerian engineer and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Kevin Skinner, New Zealand rugby player and boxer (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Robert Broberg, Swedish singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – E. L. Doctorow, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Nicholas Gonzalez, American physician (b. 1947)
    • 2015 – Czesław Marchaj, Polish-English sailor and academic (b. 1918)
    • 2015 – Dick Nanninga, Dutch footballer (b. 1949)
    • 2016 – Dennis Green, American football player and coach (b. 1949)
    • 2017 – John Heard, American film and television actor (b. 1946)
    • 2018 – Alene Duerk, U.S. Navy first female admiral (b. 1920)

    Holidays and observances on July 21

    • Christian feast day:
      • Albert John Luthuli (Episcopal Church)
      • Arbogast
      • Barhadbesciabas
      • Carlos of Brazil (Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church)
      • Daniel (Catholic Church)
      • Lawrence of Brindisi
      • Praxedes
      • Victor of Marseilles
      • July 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Liberation Day in 1944 (Guam)
    • Belgian National Day (Belgium)
    • Racial Harmony Day (Singapore)
    • Summer Kazanskaya (Russia)

  • July 11 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    July 11 in History

    • 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter’s Basilica and put to death.
    • 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius).
    • 911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple and Rollo of Normandy.
    • 1174 – Baldwin IV, 13, becomes King of Jerusalem, with Raymond III, Count of Tripoli as regent and William of Tyre as chancellor.
    • 1302 – Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch): A coalition around the Flemish cities defeats the king of France’s royal army.
    • 1346 – Charles IV, Count of Luxembourg and King of Bohemia, is elected King of the Romans.
    • 1405 – Ming admiral Zheng He sets sail to explore the world for the first time.
    • 1476 – Giuliano della Rovere is appointed bishop of Coutances.
    • 1576 – Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.
    • 1616 – Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec.
    • 1735 – Mathematical calculations suggest that it is on this day that dwarf planet Pluto moved inside the orbit of Neptune for the last time before 1979.
    • 1789 – Jacques Necker is dismissed as France’s Finance Minister sparking the Storming of the Bastille.
    • 1796 – The United States takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.
    • 1798 – The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
    • 1801 – French astronomer Jean-Louis Pons makes his first comet discovery. In the next 27 years he discovers another 36 comets, more than any other person in history.
    • 1804 – A duel occurs in which the Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr mortally wounds former Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton.
    • 1833 – Noongar Australian aboriginal warrior Yagan, wanted for the murder of white colonists in Western Australia, is killed.
    • 1848 – Waterloo railway station in London opens.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Fort Stevens; Confederate forces attempt to invade Washington, D.C.
    • 1882 – The British Mediterranean Fleet begins the Bombardment of Alexandria in Egypt as part of the Anglo-Egyptian War.
    • 1889 – Tijuana, Mexico, is founded.
    • 1893 – The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kōkichi Mikimoto.
    • 1893 – A revolution led by the liberal general and politician José Santos Zelaya takes over state power in Nicaragua.
    • 1895 – Brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière demonstrate movie film technology to scientists.
    • 1897 – Salomon August Andrée leaves Spitsbergen to attempt to reach the North Pole by balloon. He later crashes and dies.
    • 1899 – Fiat founded by Giovanni Agnelli in Turin, Italy.
    • 1906 – Murder of Grace Brown by Chester Gillette in the United States, inspiration for Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy.
    • 1914 – Babe Ruth makes his debut in Major League Baseball.
    • 1914 – USS Nevada (BB-36) is launched.
    • 1919 – The eight-hour day and free Sunday become law for workers in the Netherlands.
    • 1920 – In the East Prussian plebiscite the local populace decides to remain with Weimar Germany.
    • 1921 – A truce in the Irish War of Independence comes into effect.
    • 1921 – The Red Army captures Mongolia from the White Army and establishes the Mongolian People’s Republic.
    • 1921 – Former president of the United States William Howard Taft is sworn in as 10th chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the only person ever to hold both offices.
    • 1922 – The Hollywood Bowl opens.
    • 1924 – Eric Liddell won the gold medal in 400m at the 1924 Paris Olympics, after refusing to run in the heats for 100m, his favoured distance, on the Sunday.
    • 1934 – Engelbert Zaschka of Germany flies his large human-powered aircraft, the Zaschka Human-Power Aircraft, about 20 meters at Berlin Tempelhof Airport without assisted take-off.
    • 1936 – The Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic.
    • 1940 – World War II: Vichy France regime is formally established. Philippe Pétain becomes Chief of the French State.
    • 1941 – The Northern Rhodesian Labour Party holds its first congress in Nkana.
    • 1943 – Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army within the Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Volhynia) peak.
    • 1943 – World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily: German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
    • 1947 – The Exodus 1947 heads to Palestine from France.
    • 1950 – Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank.
    • 1957 – Prince Karim Husseini Aga Khan IV inherits the office of Imamat as the 49th Imam of Shia Imami Ismai’li worldwide, after the death of Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah Aga Khan III.
    • 1960 – France legislates for the independence of Dahomey (later Benin), Upper Volta (later Burkina) and Niger.
    • 1960 – Congo Crisis: The State of Katanga breaks away from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
    • 1960 – To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is first published, in the United States.
    • 1962 – First transatlantic satellite television transmission.
    • 1962 – Project Apollo: At a press conference, NASA announces lunar orbit rendezvous as the means to land astronauts on the Moon, and return them to Earth.
    • 1971 – Copper mines in Chile are nationalized.
    • 1972 – The first game of the World Chess Championship 1972 between challenger Bobby Fischer and defending champion Boris Spassky starts.
    • 1973 – Varig Flight 820 crashes near Paris, France on approach to Orly Airport, killing 123 of the 134 on board. In response, the FAA bans smoking in airplane lavatories.
    • 1977 – Martin Luther King, Jr. is posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
    • 1978 – Los Alfaques disaster: A truck carrying liquid gas crashes and explodes at a coastal campsite in Tarragona, Spain killing 216 tourists.
    • 1979 – America’s first space station, Skylab, is destroyed as it re-enters the Earth’s atmosphere over the Indian Ocean.
    • 1983 – A TAME airline Boeing 737-200 crashes near Cuenca, Ecuador, killing all 119 passengers and crew on board.
    • 1990 – Oka Crisis: First Nations land dispute in Quebec, Canada begins.
    • 1991 – Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 crashes in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia killing all 261 passengers and crew on board.
    • 1995 – Yugoslav Wars: Srebrenica massacre begins; lasts until 22 July.
    • 2006 – Mumbai train bombings: Two hundred nine people are killed in a series of bomb attacks in Mumbai, India.
    • 2010 – The Islamist militia group Al-Shabaab carried out multiple suicide bombings in Kampala, Uganda, killing 74 people and injuring 85 others.
    • 2011 – Ninety-eight containers of explosives self-detonate killing 13 people in Zygi, Cyprus.

    Births on July 11

    • 154 – Bardaisan, Syrian astrologer, scholar, and philosopher (d. 222)
    • 1274 – Robert the Bruce, Scottish king (d. 1329)
    • 1406 – William, Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg (d. 1482)
    • 1459 – Kaspar, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken, German nobleman (d. 1527)
    • 1558 – Robert Greene, English author and playwright (d. 1592)
    • 1561 – Luis de Góngora, Spanish cleric and poet (d. 1627)
    • 1603 – Kenelm Digby, English astrologer, courtier, and diplomat (d. 1665)
    • 1628 – Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese daimyō (d. 1701)
    • 1653 – Sarah Good, American woman accused of witchcraft (d. 1692)
    • 1657 – Frederick I of Prussia (d. 1713)
    • 1662 – Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1726)
    • 1709 – Johan Gottschalk Wallerius, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (d. 1785)
    • 1723 – Jean-François Marmontel, French historian and author (d. 1799)
    • 1751 – Caroline Matilda, British princess, queen consort of Denmark (d. 1775)
    • 1754 – Thomas Bowdler, English physician and philanthropist (d. 1825)
    • 1760 – Peggy Shippen, American wife of Benedict Arnold and American Revolutionary War spy (d. 1804)
    • 1767 – John Quincy Adams, American lawyer and politician, 6th President of the United States (d. 1848)
    • 1826 – Alexander Afanasyev, Russian ethnographer and author (d. 1871)
    • 1832 – Charilaos Trikoupis, Greek lawyer and politician, 55th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1896)
    • 1834 – James Abbott McNeill Whistler, American-English painter and illustrator (d. 1903)
    • 1836 – Antônio Carlos Gomes, Brazilian composer (d. 1896)
    • 1846 – Léon Bloy, French author and poet (d. 1917)
    • 1849 – N. E. Brown, English plant taxonomist and authority on succulents (d. 1934)
    • 1850 – Annie Armstrong, American missionary (d. 1938)
    • 1866 – Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1953)
    • 1875 – H. M. Brock, British painter and illustrator (d. 1960)
    • 1880 – Friedrich Lahrs, German architect and academic (d. 1964)
    • 1881 – Isabel Martin Lewis, American astronomer and author (d. 1966)
    • 1882 – James Larkin White, American miner, explorer, and park ranger (d. 1946)
    • 1886 – Boris Grigoriev, Russian painter and illustrator (d. 1939)
    • 1888 – Carl Schmitt, German philosopher and jurist (d. 1985)
    • 1892 – Thomas Mitchell, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1962)
    • 1894 – Erna Mohr, German zoologist (d. 1968)
    • 1895 – Dorothy Wilde, English author and poet (d. 1941)
    • 1897 – Bull Connor, American police officer (d. 1973)
    • 1899 – Wilfrid Israel, German businessman and philanthropist (d. 1943)
    • 1899 – E. B. White, American essayist and journalist (d. 1985)
    • 1901 – Gwendolyn Lizarraga, Belizean businesswoman, activist, and politician (d. 1975)
    • 1903 – Rudolf Abel, English-Russian colonel (d. 1971)
    • 1903 – Sidney Franklin, American bullfighter (d. 1976)
    • 1904 – Niño Ricardo, Spanish guitarist and composer (d. 1972)
    • 1905 – Betty Allan, Australian statistician and biometrician (d. 1952)
    • 1906 – Harry von Zell, American actor and announcer (d. 1981)
    • 1906 – Herbert Wehner, German politician, Minister of Intra-German Relations (d. 1990)
    • 1909 – Irene Hervey, American actress (d. 1998)
    • 1909 – Jacques Clemens, Dutch catholic priest (d. 2018)
    • 1910 – Sally Blane, American actress (d. 1997)
    • 1911 – Erna Flegel, German Third Reich nurse (d. 2006)
    • 1912 – Sergiu Celibidache, Romanian conductor and composer (d. 1996)
    • 1912 – Peta Taylor, English cricketer (d. 1989)
    • 1912 – William F. Walsh, American captain and politician, 48th Mayor of Syracuse (d. 2011)
    • 1913 – Paul Gibb, English cricketer (d. 1977)
    • 1913 – Cordwainer Smith, American sinologist, author, and academic (d. 1966)
    • 1916 – Mortimer Caplin, American tax attorney, educator, and IRS Commissioner (d. 2019)
    • 1916 – Hans Maier, Dutch water polo player (d. 2018)
    • 1916 – Alexander Prokhorov, Australian-Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Reg Varney, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2008)
    • 1916 – Gough Whitlam, Australian lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 21st Prime Minister of Australia (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Venetia Burney, English educator, who named Pluto (d. 2009)
    • 1920 – Yul Brynner, Russian actor and dancer (d. 1985)
    • 1920 – Zecharia Sitchin, Russian-American author (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Gene Evans, American actor (d. 1998)
    • 1922 – Fritz Riess, German-Swiss racing driver (d. 1991)
    • 1923 – Richard Pipes, Polish-American historian and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Tun Tun, Indian actress and comedian (d. 2003)
    • 1924 – César Lattes, Brazilian physicist and academic (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Brett Somers, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 2007)
    • 1924 – Charlie Tully, Northern Irish footballer and manager (d. 1971)
    • 1924 – Oscar Wyatt, American businessman
    • 1925 – Charles Chaynes, French composer (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Nicolai Gedda, Swedish operatic tenor (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Peter Kyros, American lawyer and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Sid Smith, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2004)
    • 1926 – Frederick Buechner, American minister, theologian, and author
    • 1927 – Theodore Maiman, American-Canadian physicist and engineer (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Chris Leonard, English footballer
    • 1928 – Greville Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone, Welsh-English lawyer and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Bobo Olson, American boxer (d. 2002)
    • 1928 – Andrea Veneracion, Filipina choirmaster (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Danny Flores, American singer-songwriter and saxophonist (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – David Kelly, Irish actor (d. 2012)
    • 1930 – Jack Alabaster, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1930 – Harold Bloom, American literary critic (d. 2019)
    • 1930 – Trevor Storer, English businessman, founded Pukka Pies (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Dick Gray, American baseball player (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Thurston Harris, American doo-wop singer (d. 1990)
    • 1931 – Tab Hunter, American actor and singer (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Tullio Regge, Italian physicist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1932 – Alex Hassilev, French-born American folk singer and musician
    • 1932 – Jean-Guy Talbot, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1933 – Jim Carlen, American football player and coach (d. 2012)
    • 1933 – Frank Kelso, American admiral and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Giorgio Armani, Italian fashion designer, founded the Armani Company
    • 1935 – Frederick Hemke, American saxophonist and educator
    • 1935 – Oliver Napier, Northern Irish lawyer and politician (d. 2011)
    • 1937 – Pai Hsien-yung, Chinese-Taiwanese author
    • 1941 – Bill Boggs, American journalist and producer
    • 1941 – Henry Lowther, English trumpet player
    • 1943 – Richard Carleton, Australian journalist (d. 2006)
    • 1943 – Howard Gardner, American psychologist and academic
    • 1943 – Tom Holland, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Peter Jensen, Australian metropolitan
    • 1943 – Robert Malval, Haitian businessman and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Haiti
    • 1943 – Rolf Stommelen, German racing driver (d. 1983)
    • 1944 – Lou Hudson, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
    • 1944 – Michael Levy, Baron Levy, English philanthropist
    • 1944 – Patricia Polacco, American author and illustrator
    • 1946 – Martin Wong, American painter (d. 1999)
    • 1947 – Jeff Hanna, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and drummer
    • 1947 – Norman Lebrecht, English author and critic
    • 1947 – Bo Lundgren, Swedish politician
    • 1950 – Pervez Hoodbhoy, Pakistani physicist and academic
    • 1950 – J. R. Morgan, Welsh author and academic
    • 1950 – Bonnie Pointer, American singer (d. 2020)
    • 1951 – Ed Ott, American baseball player and coach
    • 1952 – Bill Barber, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1952 – Stephen Lang, American actor and playwright
    • 1953 – Piyasvasti Amranand, Thai businessman and politician, Thai Minister of Energy
    • 1953 – Angélica Aragón, Mexican film, television, and stage actress and singer
    • 1953 – Peter Brown, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1953 – Suresh Prabhu, Indian accountant and politician, Indian Minister of Railways
    • 1953 – Patricia Reyes Spíndola, Mexican actress, director, and producer
    • 1953 – Leon Spinks, American boxer
    • 1953 – Mindy Sterling, American actress
    • 1953 – Ivan Toms, South African physician and activist (d. 2008)
    • 1953 – Bramwell Tovey, English-Canadian conductor and composer
    • 1953 – Paul Weiland, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Julia King, English engineer and academic
    • 1955 – Balaji Sadasivan, Singaporean neurosurgeon and politician, Singaporean Minister of Health (d. 2010)
    • 1956 – Amitav Ghosh, Indian-American author and academic
    • 1956 – Robin Renucci, French actor and director
    • 1956 – Sela Ward, American actress
    • 1957 – Johann Lamont, Scottish educator and politician
    • 1957 – Peter Murphy, English singer-songwriter
    • 1957 – Michael Rose, Jamaican singer-songwriter
    • 1958 – Mark Lester, English actor
    • 1958 – Hugo Sánchez, Mexican footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1959 – Richie Sambora, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1959 – Suzanne Vega, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1960 – David Baerwald, American singer-songwriter, composer, and musician
    • 1960 – Caroline Quentin, English actress
    • 1961 – Antony Jenkins, English banker and businessman
    • 1962 – Gaétan Duchesne, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007)
    • 1962 – Pauline McLynn, Irish actress and author
    • 1962 – Fumiya Fujii, Japanese music artist
    • 1963 – Al MacInnis, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1963 – Dean Richards, English rugby player and coach
    • 1963 – Lisa Rinna, American actress and talk show host
    • 1965 – Tony Cottee, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kick-boxer and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Scott Shriner, American singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1966 – Nadeem Aslam, Pakistani-English author
    • 1966 – Kentaro Miura, Japanese author and illustrator
    • 1966 – Rod Strickland, American basketball player and coach
    • 1966 – Ricky Warwick, Northern Irish musician
    • 1967 – Andy Ashby, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1967 – Jhumpa Lahiri, Indian American novelist and short story writer
    • 1968 – Michael Geist, Canadian journalist and academic
    • 1968 – Daniel MacMaster, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2008)
    • 1968 – Esera Tuaolo, American football player
    • 1969 – Ned Boulting, British sports journalist and television presenter
    • 1970 – Justin Chambers, American actor
    • 1970 – Sajjad Karim, English lawyer and politician
    • 1970 – Eric Owens, American opera singer
    • 1971 – Leisha Hailey, Japanese-American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1972 – Cormac Battle, English-Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1973 – Konstantinos Kenteris, Greek runner
    • 1974 – Alanas Chošnau, Lithuanian singer-songwriter
    • 1974 – Hermann Hreiðarsson, Icelandic footballer and manager
    • 1974 – André Ooijer, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1975 – Willie Anderson, American football player
    • 1975 – Rubén Baraja, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1975 – Lil’ Kim, American rapper and producer
    • 1976 – Eduardo Nájera, Mexican-American basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – Brandon Short, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Kathleen Edwards, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Massimiliano Rosolino, Italian swimmer
    • 1979 – Raio Piiroja, Estonian footballer
    • 1980 – Tyson Kidd, Canadian wrestler
    • 1980 – Kevin Powers, American soldier and author
    • 1981 – Andre Johnson, American football player
    • 1982 – Chris Cooley, American football player
    • 1983 – Engin Baytar, German-Turkish footballer
    • 1983 – Peter Cincotti, American singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1983 – Marie Serneholt, Swedish singer and dancer
    • 1984 – Yorman Bazardo, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1984 – Tanith Belbin, Canadian-American ice dancer
    • 1984 – Jacoby Jones, American football player
    • 1984 – Joe Pavelski, American ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Morné Steyn, South African rugby player
    • 1985 – Robert Adamson, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1985 – Orestis Karnezis, Greek footballer
    • 1986 – Raúl García, Spanish footballer
    • 1986 – Yoann Gourcuff, French footballer
    • 1986 – Ryan Jarvis, English footballer
    • 1987 – Shigeaki Kato, Japanese singer
    • 1988 – Étienne Capoue, French footballer
    • 1988 – Natalie La Rose, Dutch singer, songwriter and dancer
    • 1989 – Tobias Sana, Swedish footballer
    • 1989 – Travis Waddell, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Mona Barthel, German tennis player
    • 1990 – Connor Paolo, American actor
    • 1990 – Adam Jezierski, Polish-Spanish actor and singer
    • 1990 – Patrick Peterson, American football player
    • 1990 – Caroline Wozniacki, Danish tennis player
    • 1993 – Rebecca Bross, American gymnast
    • 1993 – Heini Salonen, Finnish tennis player
    • 1994 – Bartłomiej Kalinkowski, Polish footballer
    • 1994 – Anthony Milford, Australian rugby league player
    • 1994 – Nina Nesbitt, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1994 – Lucas Ocampos, Argentinian footballer
    • 1995 – Joey Bosa, American football player
    • 1995 – Tyler Medeiros, Canadian singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1996 – Alessia Cara, Canadian singer-songwriter

    Deaths on July 11

    • 472 – Anthemius, Roman emperor (b. 420)
    • 937 – Rudolph II of Burgundy (b. 880)
    • 969 – Olga of Kiev (b. 890)
    • 1174 – Amalric I of Jerusalem (b. 1136)
    • 1183 – Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1117)
    • 1302 – Robert II, Count of Artois (b. 1250)
    • 1302 – Pierre Flotte, French politician and lawyer
    • 1344 – Ulrich III, Count of Württemberg (b. c. 1286)
    • 1362 – Anna von Schweidnitz, empress of Charles IV (b. 1339)
    • 1382 – Nicole Oresme, French philosopher (b. 1325)
    • 1451 – Barbara of Cilli, Slovenian noblewoman
    • 1484 – Mino da Fiesole, Italian sculptor (b. c. 1429)
    • 1535 – Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1484)
    • 1581 – Peder Skram, Danish admiral and politician (b. 1503)
    • 1593 – Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian painter (b. 1527)
    • 1599 – Chōsokabe Motochika, Japanese daimyō (b.1539)
    • 1688 – Narai, Thai king (b. 1629)
    • 1774 – Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Irish-English general (b. 1715)
    • 1775 – Simon Boerum, American farmer and politician (b. 1724)
    • 1797 – Ienăchiță Văcărescu, Romanian historian and philologist (b. 1740)
    • 1806 – James Smith, Irish-American lawyer and politician (b. 1719)
    • 1825 – Thomas P. Grosvenor, American soldier and politician (b. 1744)
    • 1844 – Yevgeny Baratynsky, Russian philosopher and poet (b. 1800)
    • 1897 – Patrick Jennings, Irish-Australian politician, 11th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1831)
    • 1905 – Muhammad Abduh, Egyptian jurist and scholar (b. 1849)
    • 1908 – Friedrich Traun, German sprinter and tennis player (b. 1876)
    • 1909 – Simon Newcomb, Canadian-American astronomer and mathematician (b. 1835)
    • 1929 – Billy Mosforth, English footballer and engraver (b. 1857)
    • 1937 – George Gershwin, American pianist, songwriter, and composer (b. 1898)
    • 1959 – Charlie Parker, English cricketer, coach, and umpire (b. 1882)
    • 1966 – Delmore Schwartz, American poet and short story writer (b. 1913)
    • 1967 – Guy Favreau, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 28th Canadian Minister of Justice (b. 1917)
    • 1971 – John W. Campbell, American journalist and author (b. 1910)
    • 1971 – Pedro Rodríguez, Mexican racing driver (b. 1940)
    • 1974 – Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish novelist, playwright, and poet Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
    • 1976 – León de Greiff, Colombian poet and educator (b. 1895)
    • 1979 – Claude Wagner, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1925)
    • 1983 – Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian author (b. 1915)
    • 1987 – Avi Ran, Israeli footballer (b. 1963)
    • 1987 – Yaakov Yitzchok Ruderman, American rabbi and scholar (b. 1901)
    • 1989 – Laurence Olivier, English actor, director, and producer (b. 1907)
    • 1991 – Mokhtar Dahari, Malaysian footballer and coach (b. 1953)
    • 1994 – Gary Kildall, American computer scientist, founded Digital Research (b. 1942)
    • 1998 – Panagiotis Kondylis, Greek philosopher and author (b. 1943)
    • 1999 – Helen Forrest, American singer (b. 1917)
    • 1999 – Jan Sloot, Dutch computer scientist and electronics technician (b. 1945)
    • 2000 – Pedro Mir, Dominican lawyer, author, and poet (b. 1913)
    • 2000 – Robert Runcie, English archbishop (b. 1921)
    • 2001 – Herman Brood, Dutch musician and painter (b. 1946)
    • 2003 – Zahra Kazemi, Iranian-Canadian freelance photographer (b. 1948)
    • 2004 – Laurance Rockefeller, American financier and philanthropist (b. 1910)
    • 2004 – Renée Saint-Cyr, French actress and producer (b. 1904)
    • 2005 – Gretchen Franklin, English actress and dancer (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Jesús Iglesias, Argentinian racing driver (b. 1922)
    • 2005 – Frances Langford, American actress and singer (b. 1913)
    • 2006 – Barnard Hughes, American actor (b. 1915)
    • 2006 – Bronwyn Oliver, Australian sculptor (b. 1959)
    • 2006 – John Spencer, English snooker player and sportscaster (b. 1935)
    • 2007 – Glenda Adams, Australian author and academic (b. 1939)
    • 2007 – Lady Bird Johnson, American beautification activist; 43rd First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)
    • 2007 – Alfonso López Michelsen, Colombian lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Colombia (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Ed Mirvish, American-Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded Honest Ed’s (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and educator (b. 1908)
    • 2009 – Reg Fleming, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1936)
    • 2009 – Arturo Gatti, Italian-Canadian boxer (b. 1972)
    • 2009 – Ji Xianlin, Chinese linguist and paleographer (b. 1911)
    • 2010 – Walter Hawkins, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and pastor (b. 1949)
    • 2011 – Rob Grill, American singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1943)
    • 2012 – Art Ceccarelli, American baseball player and coach (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Marion Cunningham, American author (b. 1922)
    • 2012 – Richard Scudder, American journalist and publisher, co-founded MediaNews Group (b. 1913)
    • 2012 – Donald J. Sobol, American soldier and author (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Marvin Traub, American businessman and author (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Emik Avakian, Iranian-American inventor (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – Egbert Brieskorn, German mathematician and academic (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Eugene P. Wilkinson, American admiral (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Charlie Haden, American bassist and composer (b. 1937)
    • 2014 – Carin Mannheimer, Swedish author and screenwriter (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Bill McGill, American basketball player (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Tommy Ramone, Hungarian-American drummer and producer (b. 1949)
    • 2014 – John Seigenthaler, American journalist and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Randall Stout, American architect, designed the Taubman Museum of Art (b. 1958)
    • 2015 – Giacomo Biffi, Italian cardinal (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – James U. Cross, American general (b. 1925)
    • 2015 – Satoru Iwata, Japanese game programmer and businessman (b. 1959)
    • 2015 – Lawrence K. Karlton, American lawyer and judge (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – André Leysen, Belgian businessman (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on July 11

    • Christian Feast Day:
      • Benedict of Nursia
      • Olga of Kiev
      • Pope Pius I
      • July 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • China National Maritime Day (China)
    • Day of the Bandoneón (Argentina)
    • Day of the Flemish Community (Flemish Community of Belgium)
    • Eleventh Night (Northern Ireland)
    • Free Slurpee Day (Participating stores of the 7-Eleven chain in North America)
    • National Day of Remembrance of Victims of Genocide by Ukrainian Nationalists on Citizens of the Second Republic of Poland (Poland)
    • Gospel Day (Kiribati)
    • Imamat Day (Isma’ilism)
    • National Day of Commemoration, held on the nearest Sunday to this date (Ireland)
    • The first day of Naadam (July 11–15) (Mongolia)
    • World Population Day (International)

  • July 6 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta’s reputation of military invincibility.
    • 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under ‘Amr ibn al-‘As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt).
    • 1253 – Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania.
    • 1348 – Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death.
    • 1411 – Ming China’s Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the Ming–Kotte War, to the Yongle Emperor.
    • 1415 – Jan Hus is condemned by the assembly of the council in the cathedral as a heretic and sentenced to be burned at the stake. (See Deaths section.)
    • 1438 – A temporary compromise between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants and the noblemen is signed in Kolozsmonostor Abbey.
    • 1483 – Richard III is crowned King of England.
    • 1484 – Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of the Congo River.
    • 1495 – First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo: Charles VIII defeats the Holy League.
    • 1535 – Sir Thomas More is executed for treason against King Henry VIII of England.
    • 1557 – King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I of England, sets out from Dover to war with France, which eventually resulted in the loss of the City of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again.
    • 1560 – The Treaty of Edinburgh is signed by Scotland and England.
    • 1573 – Córdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera.
    • 1573 – French Wars of Religion: Siege of La Rochelle ends.
    • 1614 – Raid on Żejtun: The south east of Malta, and the town of Żejtun, suffer a raid from Ottoman forces. This was the last unsuccessful attempt by the Ottomans to conquer the island of Malta.
    • 1630 – Thirty Years’ War: Four thousand Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany.
    • 1685 – Battle of Sedgemoor: Last battle of the Monmouth Rebellion. troops of King James II defeat troops of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth.
    • 1751 – Pope Benedict XIV suppresses the Patriarchate of Aquileia and establishes from its territory the Archdiocese of Udine and Gorizia.
    • 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York.
    • 1779 – Battle of Grenada: The French defeat British naval forces during the American Revolutionary War.
    • 1801 – First Battle of Algeciras: Outnumbered French Navy ships defeat the Royal Navy in the fortified Spanish port of Algeciras.
    • 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Wagram; France defeats the Austrian army in the largest battle to date of the Napoleonic Wars.
    • 1854 – In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the United States Republican Party is held.
    • 1885 – Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.
    • 1887 – David Kalākaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, which transfers much of the king’s authority to the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
    • 1892 – Three thousand eight hundred striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving ten dead and dozens wounded.
    • 1917 – World War I: Arabian troops led by T. E. Lawrence (“Lawrence of Arabia”) and Auda ibu Tayi capture Aqaba from the Ottoman Empire during the Arab Revolt.
    • 1918 – The Left SR uprising in Russia starts with the assassination of German ambassador Wilhelm von Mirbach by Cheka members.
    • 1919 – The British dirigible R34 lands in New York, completing the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by an airship.
    • 1933 – The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played in Chicago’s Comiskey Park. The American League defeated the National League 4–2.
    • 1936 – A major breach of the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal in England sends millions of gallons of water cascading 200 feet (61 m) into the River Irwell.
    • 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Battle of Brunete: The battle begins with Spanish Republican troops going on the offensive against the Nationalists to relieve pressure on Madrid.
    • 1939 – Anti-Jewish legislation in prewar Nazi Germany closes the last remaining Jewish enterprises.
    • 1940 – Story Bridge, a major landmark in Brisbane, as well as Australia’s longest cantilever bridge is formally opened.
    • 1941 – The German army launches its offensive to encircle several Soviet armies near Smolensk.
    • 1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the “Secret Annexe” above her father’s office in an Amsterdam warehouse.
    • 1944 – Jackie Robinson refuses to move to the back of a bus, leading to a court-martial.
    • 1944 – The Hartford circus fire, one of America’s worst fire disasters, kills approximately 168 people and injures over 700 in Hartford, Connecticut.
    • 1947 – Referendum held in Sylhet to decide its fate in the Partition of India.
    • 1947 – The AK-47 goes into production in the Soviet Union.
    • 1957 – Althea Gibson wins the Wimbledon championships, becoming the first black athlete to do so.
    • 1957 – John Lennon and Paul McCartney meet for the first time, as teenagers at Woolton Fete, three years before forming the Beatles.
    • 1962 – As a part of Operation Plowshare, the Sedan nuclear test takes place.
    • 1962 – The Late Late Show, the world’s longest-running chat show by the same broadcaster, airs on RTÉ One for the first time.
    • 1964 – Malawi declares its independence from the United Kingdom.
    • 1966 – Malawi becomes a republic, with Hastings Banda as its first President.
    • 1967 – Nigerian Civil War: Nigerian forces invade Biafra, beginning the war.
    • 1975 – The Comoros declares independence from France.
    • 1986 – Davis Phinney becomes the first American cyclist to win a road stage of the Tour de France.
    • 1988 – The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires. One hundred sixty-seven oil workers are killed, making it the world’s worst offshore oil disaster in terms of direct loss of life.
    • 1989 – The Tel Aviv–Jerusalem bus 405 suicide attack: Sixteen bus passengers are killed when a member of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad took control of the bus and drove it over a cliff.
    • 1990 – The Electronic Frontier Foundation is founded.
    • 1995 – In the Bosnian War, under the command of General Ratko Mladić, Serbia begins its attack on the Bosnian town of Srebrenica.
    • 1997 – The Troubles: In response to the Drumcree dispute, five days of mass protests, riots and gun battles begin in Irish nationalist districts of Northern Ireland.
    • 1998 – Hong Kong International Airport opens in Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong, replacing Kai Tak Airport as the city’s international airport.
    • 2003 – The 70-metre Yevpatoria Planetary Radar sends a METI message (Cosmic Call 2) to five stars: Hip 4872, HD 245409, 55 Cancri (HD 75732), HD 10307 and 47 Ursae Majoris (HD 95128). The messages will arrive to these stars in 2036, 2040, 2044, and 2049, respectively.
    • 2006 – The Nathu La pass between India and China, sealed during the Sino-Indian War, re-opens for trade after 44 years.
    • 2013 – At least 42 people are killed in a shooting at a school in Yobe State, Nigeria.
    • 2013 – A Boeing 777 operating as Asiana Airlines Flight 214 crashes at San Francisco International Airport, killing three and injuring 181 of the 307 people on board.
    • 2013 – A 73-car oil train derails in the town of Lac-Mégantic, Quebec and explodes into flames, killing at least 47 people and destroying more than 30 buildings in the town’s central area.

    Births on July 6

    • 1387 – Queen Blanche I of Navarre (d. 1441)
    • 1423 – Antonio Manetti, Italian mathematician and architect (d. 1497)
    • 1580 – Johann Stobäus, German lute player and composer (d. 1646)
    • 1623 – Jacopo Melani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1676)
    • 1678 – Nicola Francesco Haym, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1729)
    • 1686 – Antoine de Jussieu, French biologist and academic (d. 1758)
    • 1701 – Mary, Countess of Harold, English aristocrat and philanthropist (d. 1785)
    • 1736 – Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (d. 1802)
    • 1747 – John Paul Jones, Scottish-American captain (d. 1792)
    • 1766 – Alexander Wilson, Scottish-American poet, ornithologist, and illustrator (d. 1813)
    • 1781 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (d. 1826)
    • 1782 – Maria Luisa of Spain (d. 1824)
    • 1785 – William Hooker, English botanist and academic (d. 1865)
    • 1789 – María Isabella of Spain (d. 1846)
    • 1796 – Nicholas I of Russia (d. 1855)
    • 1797 – Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey (d. 1869)
    • 1799 – Louisa Caroline Huggins Tuthill, American author (d. 1879)
    • 1817 – Albert von Kölliker, Swiss anatomist and physiologist (d. 1905)
    • 1818 – Adolf Anderssen, German chess player (d. 1879)
    • 1823 – Sophie Adlersparre, Swedish publisher, writer, and women’s rights activist (d. 1895)
    • 1829 – Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1880)
    • 1831 – Sylvester Pennoyer, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Oregon (d. 1902)
    • 1832 – Maximilian I of Mexico (d. 1867)
    • 1837 – R. G. Bhandarkar, Indian orientalist and scholar (d. 1925)
    • 1838 – Vatroslav Jagić, Croatian philologist and scholar (d. 1923)
    • 1840 – José María Velasco Gómez, Mexican painter and academic (d. 1912)
    • 1843 – John Downer, Australian politician, 16th Premier of South Australia (d. 1915)
    • 1856 – George Howard Earle, Jr., American lawyer and businessman (d. 1928)
    • 1858 – William Irvine, Irish-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Victoria (d. 1943)
    • 1865 – Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, Swiss composer and educator (d. 1950)
    • 1868 – Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom (d. 1935)
    • 1873 – Dimitrios Maximos, Greek banker and politician, 140th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1955)
    • 1877 – Arnaud Massy, French golfer (d. 1950)
    • 1878 – Eino Leino, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1926)
    • 1883 – Godfrey Huggins, Prime Minister of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (d. 1971)
    • 1884 – Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, American businessman and sailor (d. 1970)
    • 1885 – Ernst Busch, German field marshal (d. 1945)
    • 1886 – Marc Bloch, French historian and academic (d. 1944)
    • 1887 – Marc Chagall, Belarusian-French painter and poet (d. 1985)
    • 1887 – Annette Kellerman, Australian swimmer and actress (d. 1975)
    • 1890 – Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (d. 1936)
    • 1892 – Will James, American author and illustrator (d. 1942)
    • 1897 – Richard Krautheimer, German-American historian and scholar (d. 1994)
    • 1898 – Hanns Eisler, German-Austrian soldier and composer (d. 1962)
    • 1899 – Susannah Mushatt Jones, American supercentarian (d. 2016)
    • 1900 – Frederica Sagor Maas, American author and screenwriter (d. 2012)
    • 1900 – Elfriede Wever, German Olympic runner (d. 1941)
    • 1903 – Hugo Theorell, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
    • 1904 – Robert Whitney, American conductor and composer (d. 1986)
    • 1904 – Erik Wickberg, Swedish 9th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Juan O’Gorman, Mexican painter and architect (d. 1982)
    • 1907 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (d. 1954)
    • 1907 – George Stanley, Canadian soldier, historian, and author, designed the flag of Canada (d. 2002)
    • 1908 – Anton Muttukumaru, Sri Lankan general and diplomat (d. 2001)
    • 1909 – Eric Reece, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of Tasmania (d. 1999)
    • 1910 – René Le Grèves, French cyclist (d. 1946)
    • 1911 – June Gale, American actress (d. 1996)
    • 1912 – Heinrich Harrer, Austrian geographer and mountaineer (d. 2006)
    • 1912 – Molly Yard, American feminist (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Vance Trimble, American journalist and author
    • 1914 – Vince McMahon Sr., American wrestling promoter, founded WWE (d. 1984)
    • 1914 – Ernest Kirkendall, American chemist and metallurgist (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Leonard Birchall, Royal Canadian Air Force pilot (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – Harold Norse, American poet and author (d. 2009)
    • 1916 – Don R. Christensen, American animator, cartoonist, illustrator, writer and inventor (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Arthur Lydiard, New Zealand runner and coach (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Sebastian Cabot, English-Canadian actor (d. 1977)
    • 1918 – Herm Fuetsch, American professional basketball player (d. 2010)
    • 1918 – Francisco Moncion, Dominican-American ballet dancer, charter member of the New York City Ballet (d.1995)
    • 1919 – Ernst Haefliger, Swiss tenor and educator (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Edward Kenna, Australian Second World War recipient of the Victoria Cross (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Ray Dowker, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2004)
    • 1921 – Allan MacEachen, Canadian economist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2017)
    • 1921 – Billy Mauch, American actor (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Bobby Mauch, American actor (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – Nancy Reagan, American actress and activist, 42nd First Lady of the United States (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – William Schallert, American actor; president (1979–81) of the Screen Actors Guild (d. 2016)
    • 1923 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish general and politician, 1st President of Poland (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Mahim Bora, Indian writer and educationist, recipients of the Padma Shri, India’s fourth highest civilian honour (d. 2016)
    • 1924 – Louie Bellson, American drummer, composer, and bandleader (d. 2009)
    • 1925 – Merv Griffin, American actor, singer, and producer, created Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy! (d. 2007)
    • 1925 – Bill Haley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1981)
    • 1925 – Gazi Yaşargil, Turkish neurosurgeon and academic
    • 1926 – Sulev Vahtre, Estonian historian and academic (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Armando Silvestre, Mexican-American actor
    • 1927 – Jan Hein Donner, Dutch chess player and journalist (d. 1988)
    • 1927 – Janet Leigh, American actress and author (d. 2004)
    • 1928 – Bernard Malgrange, French mathematician
    • 1929 – Hélène Carrère d’Encausse, French politician historian
    • 1930 – George Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1930 – Ian Burgess, English racing driver (d. 2012)
    • 1931 – Della Reese, American actress and singer (d. 2017)
    • 1931 – László Tábori, Hungarian runner and coach (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Herman Hertzberger, Dutch architect and academic
    • 1935 – Candy Barr, American model, dancer, and actress (d. 2005)
    • 1935 – Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama
    • 1936 – Dave Allen, Irish comedian, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2005)
    • 1937 – Vladimir Ashkenazy, Russian-Icelandic pianist and conductor
    • 1937 – Ned Beatty, American actor
    • 1937 – Gene Chandler, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1937 – Bessie Head, Botswanan writer
    • 1937 – Michael Sata, Zambian police officer and politician, 5th President of Zambia (d. 2014)
    • 1939 – Jet Harris, English bass player (d. 2011)
    • 1939 – Mary Peters, English-Irish pentathlete and shot putter
    • 1939 – Bruce Hunter, American swimmer (d. 2018)
    • 1940 – Jeannie Seely, Grammy Award-winning country music singer-songwriter and Grand Ole Opry member
    • 1940 – Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakh politician, 1st President of Kazakhstan
    • 1941 – David Crystal, British linguist, author, and academic
    • 1941 – Reinhard Roder, German footballer and manager
    • 1943 – Tamara Sinyavskaya, Russian soprano
    • 1944 – Gunhild Hoffmeister, German runner
    • 1946 – George W. Bush, American businessman and politician, 43rd President of the United States
    • 1946 – Fred Dryer, American football player and actor
    • 1946 – Peter Singer, Australian philosopher and academic
    • 1946 – Sylvester Stallone, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – Roy Señeres, Filipino diplomat and politician (d. 2016)
    • 1948 – Nathalie Baye, French actress
    • 1948 – Jean-Pierre Blackburn, Canadian academic and politician, 26th Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs
    • 1948 – Brad Park, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1949 – Noli de Castro, Filipino journalist and politician, 14th Vice President of the Philippines
    • 1949 – Phyllis Hyman, American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1995)
    • 1949 – Michael Shrieve, American composer, drummer, and percussionist
    • 1950 – John Byrne, English-American author and illustrator
    • 1951 – Lorna Golding, Former First Lady of Jamaica
    • 1951 – Geoffrey Rush, Australian actor and producer
    • 1952 – Hilary Mantel, English author and critic
    • 1953 – Nanci Griffith, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1953 – Kaiser Kalambo, Zambian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1953 – Robert Ménard, French politician and former journalist
    • 1954 – Allyce Beasley, American actress
    • 1954 – Willie Randolph, American baseball player and manager
    • 1958 – Jennifer Saunders, English actress, comedian and screenwriter
    • 1959 – Richard Dacoury, French basketball player
    • 1960 – Maria Wasiak, Polish businesswoman and politician, Polish Minister of Infrastructure and Development
    • 1961 – Robin Antin, American dancer, choreographer, and businesswoman
    • 1962 – Todd Bennett, English runner and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1962 – Peter Hedges, American author, screenwriter, and director
    • 1967 – Heather Nova, Bermudian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1970 – Inspectah Deck, American rapper and producer
    • 1970 – Martin Smith, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1972 – Daniel Andrews, Australian politician, 48th Premier of Victoria
    • 1972 – Laurent Gaudé, French author and playwright
    • 1972 – Greg Norton, American baseball player and coach
    • 1972 – Zhanna Pintusevich-Block, Ukrainian sprinter
    • 1974 – Zé Roberto, Brazilian footballer
    • 1975 – 50 Cent, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1975 – Sebastián Rulli, Argentine-Mexican actor and model
    • 1975 – Amir-Abbas Fakhravar, Iranian journalist and activist
    • 1976 – Rory Delap, English-Irish footballer
    • 1976 – Ioana Dumitriu, Romanian-American mathematician and academic
    • 1977 – Max Mirnyi, Belarusian tennis player
    • 1977 – Makhaya Ntini, South African cricketer
    • 1978 – Adam Busch, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1978 – Tamera Mowry, American actress and producer
    • 1978 – Tia Mowry, American actress and producer
    • 1978 – Kevin Senio, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1979 – Nic Cester, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – Kevin Hart, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Joell Ortiz, American rapper
    • 1980 – Eva Green, French actress and model
    • 1981 – Nnamdi Asomugha, American football player
    • 1981 – Roman Shirokov, Russian footballer
    • 1982 – Brandon Jacobs, American football player
    • 1982 – Misty Upham, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1983 – Gregory Smith, Canadian actor, director, and producer
    • 1984 – Zhang Hao, Chinese figure skater
    • 1985 – Ranveer Singh, Indian film actor
    • 1986 – David Karp, American businessman, founded Tumblr
    • 1987 – Sophie Auster, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1987 – Manteo Mitchell, American runner
    • 1987 – Kate Nash, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1987 – Caroline Trentini, Brazilian model
    • 1988 – Kevin Fickentscher, Swiss footballer
    • 1990 – Magaye Gueye, French footballer
    • 1992 – Manny Machado, Dominican-American baseball player

    Deaths on July 6

    • 371 BC – Cleombrotus I, Spartan king
    • 649 – Goar of Aquitaine, French bishop
    • 887 – Wang Chongrong, Chinese warlord
    • 918 – William I, duke of Aquitaine (b. 875)
    • 1017 – Genshin, Japanese scholar (b. 942)
    • 1070 – Godelieve, Flemish saint (b. 1049)
    • 1189 – Henry II, king of England (b. 1133)
    • 1218 – Odo III, duke of Burgundy (b. 1166)
    • 1249 – Alexander II, king of Scotland (b. 1198)
    • 1415 – Jan Hus, Czech priest, philosopher, and reformer (b. 1369)
    • 1476 – Regiomontanus, German mathematician and astrologer (b. 1436)
    • 1480 – Antonio Squarcialupi, Italian composer (b. 1416)
    • 1533 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet and playwright (b. 1474)
    • 1535 – Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1478)
    • 1553 – Edward VI, king of England and Ireland (b. 1537)
    • 1583 – Edmund Grindal, English archbishop (b. 1519)
    • 1585 – Thomas Aufield, English priest and martyr (b. 1552)
    • 1614 – Man Singh I, Rajput Raja of Amer (b. 1550)
    • 1684 – Peter Gunning, English bishop (b. 1614)
    • 1758 – George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe, English general and politician (b. 1725)
    • 1768 – Conrad Beissel, German-American religious leader (b. 1690)
    • 1802 – Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (b. 1736)
    • 1809 – Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle, French general (b. 1775)
    • 1813 – Granville Sharp, English activist (b. 1735)
    • 1815 – Samuel Whitbread, English politician (b. 1764)
    • 1835 – John Marshall, American captain and politician, 4th United States Secretary of State (b. 1755)
    • 1854 – Georg Ohm, German physicist and mathematician (b. 1789)
    • 1868 – Harada Sanosuke, Japanese captain (b. 1840)
    • 1893 – Guy de Maupassant, French short story writer, novelist, and poet (b. 1850)
    • 1901 – Chlodwig Carl Viktor, German prince and chancellor (b. 1819)
    • 1902 – Maria Goretti, Italian martyr and saint (b. 1890)
    • 1904 – Abai Qunanbaiuly, Kazakh poet and philosopher (b. 1845)
    • 1907 – August Johann Gottfried Bielenstein, German linguist and theologian (b. 1826)
    • 1916 – Odilon Redon, French painter and illustrator (b. 1840)
    • 1918 – Wilhelm von Mirbach, German diplomat (b. 1871)
    • 1922 – Maria Teresia Ledóchowska, Polish-Austrian nun and missionary (b. 1863)
    • 1932 – Kenneth Grahame, Scottish-English author (b. 1859)
    • 1934 – Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian commander (b. 1888)
    • 1946 – Horace Pippin, American painter (b. 1888)
    • 1947 – Adolfo Müller-Ury, Swiss-American painter (b. 1862)
    • 1952 – Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 14th Premier of Quebec (b. 1867)
    • 1959 – George Grosz, German painter and illustrator (b. 1893)
    • 1960 – Aneurin Bevan, Welsh-English politician, Secretary of State for Health (b. 1897)
    • 1961 – Scott LaFaro, American bassist (b. 1936)
    • 1961 – Woodall Rodgers, American lawyer and politician, Mayor of Dallas (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – Paul Boffa, Maltese soldier and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – William Faulkner, American novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1962 – Joseph August, archduke of Austria (b. 1872)
    • 1963 – George, duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1899)
    • 1964 – Claude V. Ricketts, American admiral (b. 1906)
    • 1966 – Sad Sam Jones, American baseball player and manager (b. 1892)
    • 1967 – Hilda Taba, Estonian architect and educator (b. 1902)
    • 1971 – Louis Armstrong, American singer and trumpet player (b. 1901)
    • 1973 – Otto Klemperer, German-American conductor and composer (b. 1885)
    • 1975 – Reşat Ekrem Koçu, Turkish historian, scholar, and poet (b. 1905)
    • 1976 – Zhu De, Chinese general and politician, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (b. 1886)
    • 1976 – Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and physician (b. 1887)
    • 1977 – Ödön Pártos, Hungarian-Israeli viola player and composer (b. 1907)
    • 1978 – Babe Paley, American socialite and fashion style icon (b. 1915)
    • 1979 – Van McCoy, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1940)
    • 1986 – Jagjivan Ram, Indian lawyer and politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of India (b. 1908)
    • 1989 – János Kádár, Hungarian mechanic and politician, Hungarian Minister of the Interior (b. 1912)
    • 1991 – Mudashiru Lawal, Nigerian footballer (b. 1954)
    • 1992 – Marsha P. Johnson, American drag queen performer and activist (b. 1945)
    • 1994 – Ahmet Haxhiu, Kosovan activist (b. 1932)
    • 1995 – Aziz Nesin, Turkish author and poet (b. 1915)
    • 1997 – Chetan Anand, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 1998 – Roy Rogers, American cowboy, actor, and singer (b. 1911)
    • 1999 – Joaquín Rodrigo, Spanish pianist and composer (b. 1901)
    • 2000 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1911)
    • 2002 – Dhirubhai Ambani, Indian businessman, founded Reliance Industries (b. 1932)
    • 2002 – John Frankenheimer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2003 – Buddy Ebsen, American actor, singer, and dancer (b. 1908)
    • 2003 – Çelik Gülersoy, Turkish lawyer, historical preservationist, writer and poet (b. 1930)
    • 2004 – Thomas Klestil, Austrian politician, 10th President of Austria (b. 1932)
    • 2004 – Syreeta Wright, American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
    • 2005 – Ed McBain, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2005 – Claude Simon, Malagasy-French novelist and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)
    • 2006 – Kasey Rogers, American actress (b. 1925)
    • 2007 – Kathleen E. Woodiwiss, American author (b. 1939)
    • 2009 – Vasily Aksyonov, Russian author and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2009 – Robert McNamara, American businessman and politician, 8th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1916)
    • 2010 – Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1929)
    • 2011 – Carly Hibberd, Australian road racing cyclist (b. 1985)
    • 2012 – Hani al-Hassan, Palestinian engineer and politician (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Lo Hsing Han, Burmese businessman, co-founded Asia World (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Alan J. Dixon, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 34th Illinois Secretary of State (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Jerry Weintraub, American film producer, and talent agent (b. 1937)
    • 2018 – Shoko Asahara, founder of Japanese cult group Aum Shinrikyo (b. 1955)
    • 2019 – João Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist, pioneer of bossa nova music style (b. 1931)
    • 2020 – Charlie Daniels, American singer-songwriter, fiddle-player and guitarist (b. 1936)
    • 2020 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer, orchestrator, conductor, and trumpet player (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on July 6

    • The first day of San Fermín, which lasts until July 14. (Pamplona)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Maria Goretti
      • Romulus of Fiesole
      • July 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Cayman Islands)
    • Day of the Capital (Kazakhstan)
    • Independence Day (Comoros), celebrates the independence of the Comoros from France in 1975.
    • Independence Day (Malawi), celebrates the independence of Malawi from United Kingdom in 1964.
    • International Kissing Day (informally observed)
    • Jan Hus Day (Czech Republic)
    • Kupala Night (Poland, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine)
    • National Fried Chicken Day (United States)
    • Statehood Day (Lithuania)
    • Teachers’ Day (Peru)

  • June 28 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
    • 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II.
    • 1461 – Edward, Earl of March, is crowned King Edward IV of England.
    • 1519 – Charles V is elected Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
    • 1575 – Sengoku period of Japan: The combined forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu are victorious in the Battle of Nagashino.
    • 1635 – Guadeloupe becomes a French colony.
    • 1651 – The Battle of Berestechko between Poland and Ukraine starts.
    • 1709 – Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava.
    • 1745 – A New England colonial army captures the French fortifications at Louisbourg (New Style).
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Sullivan’s Island ends with the American victory, leading to the commemoration of Carolina Day.
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington, is hanged for mutiny and sedition.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: The American Continentals engage the British in the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse resulting in standstill and British withdrawal under cover of darkness.
    • 1797 – French troops disembark in Corfu, beginning the French rule in the Ionian Islands.
    • 1807 – Second British invasion of the Río de la Plata; John Whitelocke lands at Ensenada on an attempt to recapture Buenos Aires and is defeated by the locals.
    • 1838 – Coronation of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
    • 1841 – The Paris Opera Ballet premieres Giselle in the Salle Le Peletier.
    • 1846 – Adolphe Sax patents the saxophone.
    • 1855 – Sigma Chi fraternity is founded in North America.
    • 1859 – The first conformation dog show is held in Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
    • 1865 – The Army of the Potomac is disbanded.
    • 1880 – Australian bushranger Ned Kelly is captured at Glenrowan.
    • 1881 – The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
    • 1882 – The Anglo-French Convention of 1882 marks the territorial boundaries between Guinea and Sierra Leone.
    • 1894 – Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
    • 1895 – The United States Court of Private Land Claims rules James Reavis’s claim to Barony of Arizona is “wholly fictitious and fraudulent.”
    • 1896 – An explosion in the Newton Coal Company’s Twin Shaft Mine in Pittston, Pennsylvania results in a massive cave-in that kills 58 miners.
    • 1902 – The U.S. Congress passes the Spooner Act, authorizing President Theodore Roosevelt to acquire rights from Colombia for the Panama Canal.
    • 1904 – The SS Norge runs aground on Hasselwood Rock in the North Atlantic 430 kilometres (270 mi) northwest of Ireland. More than 635 people die during the sinking.
    • 1911 – The Nakhla meteorite, the first one to suggest signs of aqueous processes on Mars, falls to Earth, landing in Egypt.
    • 1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo; this is the casus belli of World War I.
    • 1917 – World War I: Greece joins the Allied powers.
    • 1919 – The Treaty of Versailles is signed, ending the state of war between Germany and the Allies of World War I.
    • 1921 – Serbian King Alexander I proclaims the new constitution of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, known thereafter as the Vidovdan Constitution.
    • 1922 – The Irish Civil War begins with the shelling of the Four Courts in Dublin by Free State forces.
    • 1926 – Mercedes-Benz is formed by Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz merging their two companies.
    • 1936 – The Japanese puppet state of Mengjiang is formed in northern China.
    • 1940 – Romania cedes Bessarabia (current-day Moldova) to the Soviet Union after facing an ultimatum.
    • 1942 – World War II: Nazi Germany starts its strategic summer offensive against the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue.
    • 1945 – Poland’s Soviet-allied Provisional Government of National Unity is formed over a month after V-E Day.
    • 1948 – Cold War: The Tito–Stalin Split results in the expulsion of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia from the Cominform.
    • 1948 – Boxer Dick Turpin beats Vince Hawkins at Villa Park in Birmingham to become the first black British boxing champion in the modern era.
    • 1950 – Korean War: Suspected communist sympathizers (between 60,000 to 200,000) are executed in the Bodo League massacre.
    • 1950 – Korean War: Packed with its own refugees fleeing Seoul and leaving their 5th Division stranded, South Korean forces blow up the Hangang Bridge in an attempt to slow North Korea’s offensive. The city falls later that day.
    • 1950 – Korean War: North Korean Army conducts the Seoul National University Hospital massacre.
    • 1956 – in Poznań, workers from HCP factory go to the streets, sparking one of the first major protests against communist government both in Poland and Europe.
    • 1964 – Malcolm X forms the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
    • 1969 – Stonewall riots begin in New York City, marking the start of the Gay Rights Movement.
    • 1973 – Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.
    • 1976 – The Angolan court sentences US and UK mercenaries to death sentences and prison terms in the Luanda Trial.
    • 1978 – The United States Supreme Court, in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke bars quota systems in college admissions.
    • 1981 – A powerful bomb explodes in Tehran, killing 73 officials of the Islamic Republican Party.
    • 1987 – For the first time in military history, a civilian population is targeted for chemical attack when Iraqi warplanes bombed the Iranian town of Sardasht.
    • 1989 – On the 600th anniversary of the Battle of Kosovo, Slobodan Milošević delivers the Gazimestan speech at the site of the historic battle.
    • 1997 – Holyfield–Tyson II: Mike Tyson is disqualified in the third round for biting a piece off Evander Holyfield’s ear.
    • 2001 – Slobodan Milošević is extradited to the ICTY in The Hague to stand trial.
    • 2004 – Iraq War: Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the U.S.-led rule of that nation.
    • 2009 – Honduran president Manuel Zelaya is ousted by a local military coup following a failed request to hold a referendum to rewrite the Honduran Constitution. This was the start of the 2009 Honduran constitutional crisis.
    • 2016 – A terrorist attack in Turkey’s Istanbul Atatürk Airport kills 42 people and injures more than 230 others.

    Births on June 28

    • 751 – Carloman I, king of the Franks (d. 771)
    • 1243 – Emperor Go-Fukakusa of Japan (d. 1304)
    • 1444 – Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus (d. 1487)
    • 1476 – Pope Paul IV (d. 1559)
    • 1490 – Albert of Brandenburg, German archbishop (d. 1545)
    • 1491 – Henry VIII of England (d. 1547)
    • 1503 – Giovanni della Casa, Italian author and poet (d. 1556)
    • 1547 – Cristofano Malvezzi, Italian organist and composer (d. 1599)
    • 1557 – Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (d. 1595)
    • 1560 – Giovanni Paolo Lascaris, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (d. 1657)
    • 1573 – Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby, English noble (d. 1644)
    • 1577 – Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter and diplomat (d. 1640)
    • 1582 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English politician (d. 1662)
    • 1604 – Heinrich Albert, German composer and poet (d. 1651)
    • 1641 – Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d’Arquien, consort to King John III Sobieski (d. 1716)
    • 1653 – Muhammad Azam Shah, Mughal emperor (d. 1707)
    • 1703 – John Wesley, English cleric and theologian (d. 1791)
    • 1712 – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher and polymath (d. 1778)
    • 1719 – Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French general and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1785)
    • 1734 – Jean-Jacques Beauvarlet-Charpentier, French organist and composer (d. 1794)
    • 1742 – William Hooper, American physician, lawyer, and politician (d. 1790)
    • 1824 – Paul Broca, French physician, anatomist, and anthropologist (d. 1880)
    • 1825 – Emil Erlenmeyer, German chemist (d. 1909)
    • 1831 – Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1907)
    • 1836 – Emmanuel Rhoides, Greek journalist and author (d. 1904)
    • 1844 – John Boyle O’Reilly, Irish-born poet, journalist and fiction writer (d. 1890)
    • 1852 – Charles Cruft, English showman, founded Crufts Dog Show (d. 1938)
    • 1867 – Luigi Pirandello, Italian dramatist, novelist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1936)
    • 1873 – Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1944)
    • 1875 – Henri Lebesgue, French mathematician and academic (d. 1941)
    • 1879 – Wilhelm Steinkopf, German chemist (d. 1949)
    • 1880 – John Meyers, American swimmer and water polo player (d. 1971)
    • 1883 – Pierre Laval, French soldier and politician, 101st Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)
    • 1884 – Lamina Sankoh, Sierra Leonean banker and politician (d. 1964)
    • 1888 – George Challenor, Barbadian cricketer (d. 1947)
    • 1888 – Stefi Geyer, Hungarian violinist and educator (d. 1956)
    • 1891 – Esther Forbes, American historian and author (d. 1968)
    • 1891 – Carl Spaatz, American general (d. 1974)
    • 1892 – Carl Panzram, American serial killer (d. 1930)
    • 1893 – August Zamoyski, Polish-French sculptor (d. 1970)
    • 1894 – Francis Hunter, American tennis player (d. 1981)
    • 1902 – Richard Rodgers, American playwright and composer (d. 1979)
    • 1906 – Maria Goeppert Mayer, Polish-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)
    • 1907 – Jimmy Mundy, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1907 – Yvonne Sylvain, First female Haitian physician (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Eric Ambler, English author and screenwriter (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – Franz Antel, Austrian director and producer (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – George Lloyd, English soldier and composer (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Walter Oesau, German colonel and pilot (d. 1944)
    • 1914 – Aribert Heim, Austrian SS physician and Nazi war criminal (d. 1992)
    • 1917 – A. E. Hotchner, American author and playwright (d. 2020)
    • 1918 – William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw, Scottish-English politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1999)
    • 1919 – Joseph P. Lordi, American government official (d. 1983)
    • 1920 – Clarissa Eden, Spouse of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    • 1921 – P. V. Narasimha Rao, Indian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of India (d. 2004)
    • 1922 – Hans Frauenfelder, American physicist and biophysicist
    • 1923 – Pete Candoli, American trumpet player (d. 2008)
    • 1923 – Adolfo Schwelm Cruz, Argentinian racing driver (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – Gaye Stewart, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – George Booth, American cartoonist
    • 1926 – Mel Brooks, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1926 – Robert Ledley, American academic and inventor (d. 2012)
    • 1927 – Correlli Barnett, English historian and author
    • 1927 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Hans Blix, Swedish politician and diplomat, 33rd Swedish Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1928 – Patrick Hemingway, American writer
    • 1928 – Harold Evans, English-American historian and journalist
    • 1928 – Peter Heine, South African cricketer (d. 2005)
    • 1928 – Cyril Smith, English politician (d. 2010)
    • 1929 – Alfred Miodowicz, Polish politician
    • 1930 – William C. Campbell, Irish-American biologist and parasitologist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1930 – Itamar Franco, Brazilian engineer and politician, 33rd President of Brazil (d. 2011)
    • 1930 – Jack Gold, English director and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Hans Alfredson, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1931 – Junior Johnson, American race car driver (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Lucien Victor, Belgian cyclist (d. 1995)
    • 1932 – Pat Morita, American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1933 – Gusty Spence, Northern Irish loyalist and politician (d. 2011)
    • 1934 – Robert Carswell, Baron Carswell, Northern Irish lawyer and judge, Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland
    • 1934 – Roy Gilchrist, Jamaican cricketer (d. 2001)
    • 1934 – Bette Greene, American journalist and author
    • 1934 – Carl Levin, American lawyer and politician
    • 1934 – Georges Wolinski, Tunisian-French journalist and cartoonist (d. 2015)
    • 1935 – John Inman, English actor (d. 2007)
    • 1936 – Chuck Howley, American football player
    • 1937 – George Knudson, Canadian golfer (d. 1989)
    • 1937 – Fernand Labrie, Canadian endocrinologist and academic
    • 1937 – Ron Luciano, American baseball player and umpire (d. 1995)
    • 1938 – John Byner, American actor and comedian
    • 1938 – Leon Panetta, American lawyer and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of Defense
    • 1938 – S. Sivamaharajah, Sri Lankan Tamil newspaper publisher and politician (d. 2006)
    • 1938 – Simon Douglas-Pennant, 7th Baron Penrhyn, British baron
    • 1939 – Klaus Schmiegel, German chemist
    • 1940 – Karpal Singh, Malaysian lawyer and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1940 – Muhammad Yunus, Bangladeshi economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – Al Downing, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1941 – Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist and academic, developed the OBJ language (d. 2006)
    • 1941 – David Johnston, Canadian academic, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor General of Canada
    • 1942 – Chris Hani, South African politician (d. 1993)
    • 1942 – Hans-Joachim Walde, German decathlete (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Frank Zane, American professional bodybuilder and author
    • 1943 – Jens Birkemose, Danish painter
    • 1943 – Donald Johanson, American paleontologist and academic
    • 1943 – Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1945 – Ken Buchanan, Scottish boxer
    • 1945 – David Knights, English bass player and producer
    • 1945 – Raul Seixas, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1989)
    • 1945 – Türkan Şoray, Turkish actress, director, and screenwriter
    • 1946 – Robert Asprin, American soldier and author (d. 2008)
    • 1946 – Bruce Davison, American actor and director
    • 1946 – David Duckham, English rugby player
    • 1946 – Robert Xavier Rodríguez, American classical composer
    • 1946 – Jaime Guzmán, Chilean lawyer and politician (d. 1991)
    • 1946 – Gilda Radner, American actress and comedian (d. 1989)
    • 1947 – Mark Helprin, American novelist and journalist
    • 1947 – Laura Tyson, American economist and academic
    • 1948 – Kathy Bates, American actress
    • 1948 – Sergei Bodrov, Russian-American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Deborah Moggach, English author and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Daniel Wegner, Canadian-American psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1949 – Don Baylor, American baseball player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1950 – Philip Fowke, English pianist and educator
    • 1950 – Mauricio Rojas, Chilean-Swedish economist and politician
    • 1950 – Chris Speier, American baseball player and coach
    • 1951 – Mick Cronin, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1951 – Mark Shand, English conservationist and author (d. 2014)
    • 1951 – Lalla Ward, English actress and author
    • 1952 – Enis Batur, Turkish poet and author
    • 1952 – Pietro Mennea, Italian sprinter and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1952 – Jean-Christophe Rufin, French physician and author
    • 1954 – A. A. Gill, Scottish author and critic (d. 2016)
    • 1954 – Alice Krige, South African actress
    • 1955 – Shirley Cheriton, British actress
    • 1956 – Amira Hass, Israeli journalist and author
    • 1956 – Noel Mugavin, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1957 – Lance Nethery, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1957 – Georgi Parvanov, Bulgarian historian and politician, 4th President of Bulgaria
    • 1957 – Mike Skinner, American race car driver
    • 1957 – Jim Spanarkel, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1958 – Donna Edwards, American lawyer and politician
    • 1958 – Félix Gray, Tunisian-French singer-songwriter
    • 1959 – Clint Boon, English singer and keyboard player
    • 1959 – John Shelley, British illustrator
    • 1960 – John Elway, American football player and manager
    • 1960 – Roland Melanson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1961 – Jeff Malone, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Anișoara Cușmir-Stanciu, Romanian long jumper
    • 1962 – Artur Hajzer, Polish mountaineer (d. 2013)
    • 1962 – Ann-Louise Skoglund, Swedish hurdler
    • 1963 – Peter Baynham, Welsh actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1963 – Charlie Clouser, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1964 – Christina Ashcroft, Canadian sport shooter
    • 1964 – Mark Grace, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Bernie McCahill, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1964 – Dan Stains, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1964 – Steve Williamson, English saxophonist and composer
    • 1965 – Jessica Hecht, American actress
    • 1965 – Tiaan Strauss, South African rugby player
    • 1966 – Peeter Allik, Estonian painter and illustrator (d. 2019)
    • 1966 – Bobby Bare Jr., American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – John Cusack, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Mary Stuart Masterson, American actress
    • 1967 – Leona Aglukkaq, Canadian politician, 7th Canadian Minister of Health
    • 1967 – Gil Bellows, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1967 – Zhong Huandi, Chinese runner
    • 1967 – Lars Riedel, German discus thrower
    • 1968 – Chayanne, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1969 – Tichina Arnold, American actress and singer
    • 1969 – Stéphane Chapuisat, Swiss footballer
    • 1969 – Fabrizio Mori, Italian hurdler
    • 1970 – Mushtaq Ahmed, Pakistani cricketer and coach
    • 1970 – Tom Merritt, American journalist
    • 1970 – Mike White, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Lorenzo Amoruso, Italian footballer
    • 1971 – Fabien Barthez, French footballer
    • 1971 – Bobby Hurley, American basketball player and coach
    • 1971 – Ron Mahay, American baseball player and scout
    • 1971 – Elon Musk, South African-born American businessman
    • 1971 – Aileen Quinn, American actress and singer
    • 1972 – Ngô Bảo Châu, Vietnamese-French mathematician and academic
    • 1972 – Chris Leslie, English politician, Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
    • 1972 – Geeta Tripathee, Nepali poet, lyricist and literary critic
    • 1972 – Alessandro Nivola, American actor
    • 1973 – Adrián Annus, Hungarian hammer thrower
    • 1973 – Corey Koskie, Canadian baseball player
    • 1974 – Rob Dyrdek, American skateboarder, entrepreneur, and reality television star
    • 1975 – Jon Nödtveidt, Swedish singer-songwriter, and guitarist (d. 2006)
    • 1976 – Shinobu Asagoe, Japanese tennis player
    • 1976 – Seth Wescott, American snowboarder
    • 1977 – Chris Spurling, American baseball player
    • 1977 – Mark Stoermer, American bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1977 – Harun Tekin, Turkish singer and guitarist
    • 1978 – Simon Larose, Canadian tennis player
    • 1979 – Randy McMichael, American football player
    • 1979 – Neil Shanahan, Irish racing driver (d. 1999)
    • 1979 – Florian Zeller, French author and playwright
    • 1980 – Jevgeni Novikov, Estonian footballer
    • 1981 – Savage, New Zealand rapper
    • 1981 – Michael Crafter, Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Guillermo Martínez, Cuban javelin thrower
    • 1981 – Brandon Phillips, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Ibrahim Camejo, Cuban long jumper
    • 1985 – Phil Bardsley, English footballer
    • 1985 – Colt Hynes, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Kellie Pickler, American singer-songwriter
    • 1987 – Sonata Tamošaitytė, Lithuanian hurdler
    • 1987 – Terrence Williams, American basketball player
    • 1989 – Jason Clark, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Andrew Fifita, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – David Fifita, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Julia Zlobina, Russian-Azerbaijani figure skater
    • 1989 – Markiplier, American internet personality
    • 1989 – Nicole Rottmann, Austrian tennis player
    • 1991 – Seohyun, South Korean singer, dancer, and actress
    • 1991 – Kevin De Bruyne, Belgian footballer
    • 1991 – Kang Min-hyuk, South Korean singer, drummer, and actor
    • 1992 – Oscar Hiljemark, Swedish footballer
    • 1992 – Elaine Thompson, Jamaican sprinter
    • 1993 – Bradley Beal, American basketball player
    • 1994 – Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan
    • 1994 – Emily Blue, American singer-songwriter
    • 1996 – Donna Vekić, Croatian tennis player
    • 1996 – Larissa Werbicki, Canadian rower
    • 1999 – Markéta Vondroušová, Czech tennis player
    • 2002 – Marta Kostyuk, Ukrainian tennis player

    Deaths on June 28

    • 202 – Yuan Shao, Chinese warlord
    • 548 – Theodora I, Byzantine empress
    • 572 – Alboin, King of the Lombards
    • 683 – Leo II, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 611)
    • 767 – Paul I, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 700)
    • 928 – Louis the Blind, Holy Roman emperor (b. 880)
    • 975 – Cyneweard, bishop of Wells
    • 1031 – Taira no Tadatsune, Japanese governor
    • 1061 – Floris I, count of Holland
    • 1175 – Andrey Bogolyubsky, Russian Grand Prince (b. 1111)
    • 1189 – Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony, (b. 1156)
    • 1194 – Xiao Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1127)
    • 1385 – Andronikos IV, Byzantine emperor (b. 1348)
    • 1497 – James Tuchet, 7th Baron Audley, English rebel leader (b. c. 1463)
    • 1575 – Yonekura Shigetsugu, Japanese samurai
    • 1586 – Primož Trubar, Slovenian author and reformer (b. 1508)
    • 1598 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (b. 1527)
    • 1607 – Domenico Fontana, Italian architect (b. 1543)
    • 1716 – George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire (b. 1665)
    • 1757 – Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, queen consort of Frederick William I (b. 1687)
    • 1798 – John Henry Colclough, Irish revolutionary (b. c. 1769)
    • 1813 – Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general and politician, Prussian Minister of War (b. 1755)
    • 1834 – Joseph Bové, Russian architect, designed the Triumphal Arch of Moscow (b. 1784)
    • 1836 – James Madison, American academic and politician, 4th President of the United States (b. 1751)
    • 1880 – Texas Jack Omohundro, American soldier and hunter (b. 1846)
    • 1881 – Jules Armand Dufaure, French politician, 33rd Prime Minister of France (b. 1798)
    • 1889 – Maria Mitchell, American astronomer and academic (b. 1818)
    • 1892 – Alexandros Rizos Rangavis, Greek poet and politician, Greek Foreign Minister (b. 1810)
    • 1913 – Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Brazil (b. 1841)
    • 1914 – Sophie, duchess of Hohenberg (b. 1868)
    • 1914 – Franz Ferdinand, archduke of Austria (b. 1863)
    • 1915 – Victor Trumper, Australian cricketer (b. 1877)
    • 1917 – Ștefan Luchian, Romanian painter and educator (b. 1868)
    • 1922 – Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian poet and playwright (b. 1885)
    • 1929 – Edward Carpenter, English poet and philosopher (b. 1844)
    • 1936 – Alexander Berkman, American author and activist (d. 1870)
    • 1939 – Douglas H. Johnston, governor of the Chickasaw Nation (b. 1856)
    • 1940 – Italo Balbo, Italian air marshal and politician (b. 1896)
    • 1944 – Friedrich Dollmann, German general (b. 1882)
    • 1945 – Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu, Turkish journalist (b. 1879)
    • 1947 – Stanislav Kostka Neumann, Czech writer, poet and journalist (b. 1875)
    • 1960 – Jake Swirbul, American businessman, co-founded the Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation (b. 1898)
    • 1962 – Mickey Cochrane, American baseball player and manager (b. 1903)
    • 1962 – Cy Morgan, American baseball player (b. 1878)
    • 1965 – Red Nichols, American cornet player, bandleader, and composer (b. 1905)
    • 1966 – Mehmet Fuat Köprülü, Turkish historian and politician, 21st Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1890)
    • 1971 – Franz Stangl, Austrian SS officer (b. 1908)
    • 1974 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and academic (b. 1890)
    • 1975 – Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis, Greek architect (b. 1913)
    • 1975 – Rod Serling, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)
    • 1978 – Clifford Dupont, English-Rhodesian lawyer and politician, 1st President of Rhodesia (b. 1905)
    • 1980 – José Iturbi, Spanish pianist and conductor (b. 1895)
    • 1981 – Terry Fox, Canadian runner and activist (b. 1958)
    • 1983 – Alf Francis, German-English motor racing mechanic and racing car constructor (b. 1918)
    • 1984 – Yigael Yadin, Israeli archaeologist, general, and politician (b. 1917)
    • 1985 – Lynd Ward, American author and illustrator (b. 1905)
    • 1989 – Joris Ivens, Dutch journalist, director, and producer (b. 1898)
    • 1992 – Guy Nève, Belgian racing driver (b. 1955)
    • 1992 – Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (b. 1936)
    • 1995 – Petri Walli, Finnish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1969)
    • 2000 – Jane Birdwood, Baroness Birdwood, Canadian-English publisher and politician (b. 1913)
    • 2000 – Nils Poppe, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1908)
    • 2001 – Mortimer J. Adler, American philosopher and author (b. 1902)
    • 2003 – Joan Lowery Nixon, American journalist and author (b. 1927)
    • 2004 – Anthony Buckeridge, English author (b. 1912)
    • 2005 – Brenda Howard, American activist (b. 1946)
    • 2005 – Michael P. Murphy, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1976)
    • 2006 – Jim Baen, American publisher, founded Baen Books (b. 1943)
    • 2006 – Peter Rawlinson, Baron Rawlinson of Ewell, English lawyer and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1919)
    • 2006 – George Unwin, English pilot and commander (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Eugene B. Fluckey, American admiral, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Kiichi Miyazawa, Japanese lawyer and politician, 78th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1919)
    • 2009 – A. K. Lohithadas, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1955)
    • 2009 – Billy Mays, American TV personality (b. 1958)
    • 2010 – Robert Byrd, American lawyer and politician (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Richard Isay, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Leontine T. Kelly, American bishop (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Robert Sabatier, French author and poet (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Doris Sams, American baseball player (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Ted Hood, American sailor and architect (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Tamás Katona, Hungarian historian and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Kenneth Minogue, New Zealand-Australian political scientist and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – F. D. Reeve, American author and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – David Rubitsky, American sergeant (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Seymour Barab, American cellist and composer (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Jim Brosnan, American baseball player (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – On Kawara, Japanese painter (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Meshach Taylor, American actor (b. 1947)
    • 2015 – Jack Carter, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Jope Seniloli, Fijian politician, Vice-President of Fiji (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Wally Stanowski, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1919)
    • 2016 – Scotty Moore, American guitarist (b. 1931)
    • 2016 – Pat Summitt, American women’s college basketball head coach (b. 1952)
    • 2016 – Buddy Ryan, American football coach (b. 1931)
    • 2018 – Harlan Ellison, American writer (b. 1934)

    Holidays and observances on June 28

    • Christian feast day:
      • Basilides and Potamiana
      • Irenaeus of Lyon (Western Christianity)
      • Heimerad
      • Blessed Maria Pia Mastena
      • Paulus I
      • Vincenza Gerosa
      • June 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Ukraine)
    • Earliest day on which Vardavar can fall, while August 1 is the latest; celebrated on the 14th weeks after Easter (Armenia)
    • Family Day (Vietnam)
    • Poznań Remembrance Day (Poland)
    • Vidovdan, celebrating St. Vitus and an important day in Serbian history. (Eastern Orthodox Church)
    • Tau Day, a day similar to Pi Day celebrating the number Tau, which is equivalent to 2*Pi.

  • June 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
    • 1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
    • 1556 – The thirteen Stratford Martyrs are burned at the stake near London for their Protestant beliefs.
    • 1743 – In the Battle of Dettingen, George II becomes the last reigning British monarch to participate in a battle.
    • 1760 – Anglo-Cherokee War: Cherokee warriors defeat British forces at the Battle of Echoee near present-day Otto, North Carolina.
    • 1806 – British forces take Buenos Aires during the first of the British invasions of the River Plate.
    • 1844 – Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, and his brother Hyrum Smith, are killed by a mob at the Carthage, Illinois jail.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Confederate forces defeat Union forces during the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain during the Atlanta Campaign.
    • 1869 – The Republic of Ezo on the island of Hokkaido ends after being defeated by Japanese Imperial troops.
    • 1895 – The inaugural run of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad’s Royal Blue from Washington, D.C., to New York City, the first U.S. passenger train to use electric locomotives.
    • 1898 – The first solo circumnavigation of the globe is completed by Joshua Slocum from Briar Island, Nova Scotia.
    • 1905 – During the Russo-Japanese War, sailors start a mutiny aboard the Russian battleship Potemkin.
    • 1908 – A group of Vietnamese tirailleurs conducts a failed attempt to poison the entire French army’s garrison in the Hanoi Citadel with the aim to make way for Hoàng Hoa Thám’s rebel army to capture Hanoi.
    • 1923 – Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH.4B biplane.
    • 1927 – Prime Minister of Japan Tanaka Giichi convenes an eleven-day conference to discuss Japan’s strategy in China. The Tanaka Memorial, a forged plan for world domination, is later claimed to be a secret report leaked from this conference.
    • 1941 – Romanian authorities launch one of the most violent pogroms in Jewish history in the city of Iași, resulting in the murder of at least 13,266 Jews.
    • 1941 – World War II: German troops capture the city of Białystok during Operation Barbarossa.
    • 1946 – In the Canadian Citizenship Act, the Parliament of Canada establishes the definition of Canadian citizenship.
    • 1950 – The United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War.
    • 1954 – The Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant, the Soviet Union’s first nuclear power station, opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
    • 1954 – The FIFA World Cup quarterfinal match between Hungary and Brazil, highly anticipated to be exciting, instead turns violent, with three players ejected and further fighting continuing after the game.
    • 1957 – Hurricane Audrey makes landfall near the Texas–Louisiana border, killing over 400 people, mainly in and around Cameron, Louisiana.
    • 1973 – The President of Uruguay Juan María Bordaberry dissolves Parliament and establishes a dictatorship.
    • 1974 – U.S. president Richard Nixon visits the Soviet Union.
    • 1976 – Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) is hijacked en route to Paris by the PLO and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.
    • 1977 – France grants independence to Djibouti.
    • 1980 – The ‘Ustica massacre’: Itavia Flight 870 crashes in the sea while en route from Bologna to Palermo, Italy, killing all 81 on board.
    • 1981 – The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issues its “Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China”, laying the blame for the Cultural Revolution on Mao Zedong.
    • 1982 – Space Shuttle Columbia launched from the Kennedy Space Center on the final research and development flight mission, STS-4.
    • 1988 – The Gare de Lyon rail accident in Paris, France, kills 56 people.
    • 1991 – Slovenia, after declaring independence two days before is invaded by Yugoslav troops, tanks, and aircraft starting the Ten-Day War.
    • 1994 – Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult release sarin gas in Matsumoto, Japan. Seven people are killed, 660 injured.
    • 2007 – Tony Blair resigns as British Prime Minister, a position he had held since 1997. His Chancellor, Gordon Brown succeeds him.
    • 2007 – The Brazilian Military Police invades the favelas of Complexo do Alemão in an episode which is remembered as the Complexo do Alemão massacre.
    • 2008 – In a highly scrutinized election President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe is re-elected in a landslide after his opponent Morgan Tsvangirai had withdrawn a week earlier, citing violence against his party’s supporters.
    • 2013 – NASA launches the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, a space probe to observe the Sun.
    • 2014 – At least fourteen people are killed when a Gas Authority of India Limited pipeline explodes in the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
    • 2015 – Formosa Fun Coast fire: A dust fire occurs at a recreational water park in Taiwan, killing 15 people and injuring 497 others, 199 critically.
    • 2017 – A series of powerful cyberattacks using the Petya malware target websites of Ukrainian organizations and counterparts with Ukrainian connections around the globe.

    Births on June 27

    • 850 – Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir (d. 902)
    • 1350 – Manuel II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1425)
    • 1430 – Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter, Lancastrian leader (d. 1475)
    • 1462 – Louis XII, king of France (d. 1515)
    • 1464 – Ernst II of Saxony, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1476–1513) (d. 1513)
    • 1497 – Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1546)
    • 1550 – Charles IX, king of France (d. 1574)
    • 1596 – Maximilian, Prince of Dietrichstein (d. 1655)
    • 1696 – William Pepperrell, American merchant and soldier (d. 1759)
    • 1717 – Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier, French botanist and physicist (d. 1799)
    • 1767 – Alexis Bouvard, French astronomer and academic (d. 1843)
    • 1805 – Napoléon Coste, French guitarist and composer (d. 1883)
    • 1806 – Augustus De Morgan, English mathematician and logician (d. 1871)
    • 1812 – Anna Cabot Lowell Quincy Waterston, American writer (d. 1899)
    • 1817 – Louise von François, German author (d. 1893)
    • 1828 – Bryan O’Loghlen, Irish-Australian politician, 13th Premier of Victoria (d. 1905)
    • 1838 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1894)
    • 1838 – Paul Mauser, German weapon designer, designed the Gewehr 98 (d. 1914)
    • 1846 – Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish politician (d. 1891)
    • 1850 – Jørgen Pedersen Gram, Danish mathematician and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1850 – Lafcadio Hearn, Greek-Japanese historian and author (d. 1904)
    • 1862 – May Irwin, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 1938)
    • 1865 – John Monash, Australian engineer and general (d. 1931)
    • 1869 – Kate Carew, American illustrator and journalist (d. 1961)
    • 1869 – Emma Goldman, Lithuanian-Canadian philosopher and activist (d. 1940)
    • 1869 – Hans Spemann, German embryologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
    • 1870 – Frank Rattray Lillie, American zoologist and embryologist (d. 1947)
    • 1872 – Heber Doust Curtis, American astronomer (d. 1942)
    • 1872 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1906)
    • 1880 – Helen Keller, American author, academic, and activist (d. 1968)
    • 1882 – Eduard Spranger, German philosopher and academic (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (d. 1962)
    • 1885 – Pierre Montet, French historian and academic (d. 1966)
    • 1885 – Guilhermina Suggia, Portuguese cellist (d. 1950)
    • 1886 – Charlie Macartney, Australian cricketer and soldier (d. 1958)
    • 1888 – Lewis Bernstein Namier, Polish-English historian and academic (d. 1960)
    • 1888 – Antoinette Perry, American actress and director (d. 1946)
    • 1892 – Paul Colin, French illustrator (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Juan Trippe, American businessman, founded Pan American World Airways (d. 1981)
    • 1900 – Dixie Brown, British boxer (d. 1957)
    • 1901 – Merle Tuve, American geophysicist and academic (d. 1982)
    • 1905 – Armand Mondou, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1976)
    • 1906 – Catherine Cookson, English author and philanthropist (d. 1998)
    • 1906 – Vernon Watkins, Welsh-American poet and painter (d. 1967)
    • 1907 – John McIntire, American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – João Guimarães Rosa, Brazilian physician and author (d. 1967)
    • 1911 – Marion M. Magruder, American Marine officer, commander of the VMF(N)-533 squadron. (d. 1997)
    • 1912 – E. R. Braithwaite, Guyanese novelist, writer, teacher, and diplomat (d. 2016)
    • 1913 – Elton Britt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972)
    • 1913 – Philip Guston, American painter and academic (d. 1980)
    • 1913 – Willie Mosconi, American pool player (d. 1993)
    • 1914 – Robert Aickman, English author and activist, co-founded the Inland Waterways Association (d. 1981)
    • 1914 – Helena Benitez, Filipina academic and administrator (d. 2016)
    • 1914 – Margaret Ekpo, Nigerian women’s rights activist, social mobilizer and politician (d. 2006)
    • 1914 – Giorgio Almirante, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1988)
    • 1915 – Grace Lee Boggs, American philosopher, author, and activist (d. 2015)
    • 1915 – Aideu Handique, Indian actress (d. 2002)
    • 1915 – John Alexander Moore, American zoologist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Robert Normann, Norwegian guitarist (d. 1998)
    • 1918 – Adolph Kiefer, American swimmer (d. 2017)
    • 1919 – M. Carl Holman, American author, educator, poet, and playwright (d. 1988)
    • 1919 – Amala Shankar, Indian danseuse
    • 1920 – Fernando Riera, Chilean football player and manager (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Muriel Pavlow, English actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – George Walker, American composer (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Jacques Berthier, French organist and composer (d. 1994)
    • 1923 – Elmo Hope, American pianist and composer (d. 1967)
    • 1924 – Bob Appleyard, English cricketer and businessman (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Leonard Lerman, American geneticist and biologist (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Doc Pomus, American singer-songwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1925 – Wayne Terwilliger, American second baseman, coach, and manager
    • 1927 – Bob Keeshan, American actor and producer (d. 2004)
    • 1928 – James Lincoln Collier, American journalist and author
    • 1928 – Rudy Perpich, American dentist and politician, 34th Governor of Minnesota (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Dick the Bruiser, American football player and wrestler (d. 1991)
    • 1929 – Peter Maas, American journalist and author (d. 2001)
    • 1930 – Ross Perot, American businessman and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Charles Bronfman, Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist
    • 1931 – Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1932 – Eddie Kasko, American baseball player and manager (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Anna Moffo, American operatic soprano (d. 2006)
    • 1932 – Hugh Wood, English composer
    • 1936 – Lucille Clifton, American author and poet (d. 2010)
    • 1936 – Shirley Anne Field, English actress
    • 1937 – Joseph P. Allen, American physicist and astronaut
    • 1937 – Otto Herrigel, Namibian lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Kirkpatrick Sale, American author and scholar
    • 1938 – Bruce Babbitt, American lawyer and politician, 47th United States Secretary of the Interior
    • 1938 – David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead, Scottish lieutenant and judge
    • 1938 – Konrad Kujau, German illustrator (d. 2000)
    • 1939 – R. D. Burman, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 1994)
    • 1939 – Neil Hawke, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 2000)
    • 1940 – Ian Lang, Baron Lang of Monkton, Scottish politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1941 – Bill Baxley, American lawyer and politician, 24th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
    • 1941 – James P. Hogan, English-Irish author (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1942 – Bruce Johnston, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1942 – Frank Mills, Canadian pianist and composer
    • 1942 – Danny Schechter, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1943 – Ravi Batra, Indian-American economist and academic
    • 1944 – Angela King, English environmentalist and author, co-founded Common Ground
    • 1944 – Patrick Sercu, Belgian cyclist (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – Joey Covington, American drummer, songwriter, and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1945 – Norma Kamali, American fashion designer
    • 1945 – Ragnar Søderlind, Norwegian composer
    • 1948 – Camile Baudoin, American guitarist
    • 1949 – Vera Wang, American fashion designer
    • 1951 – Ulf Andersson, Swedish chess player
    • 1951 – Julia Duffy, American actress
    • 1951 – Gilson Lavis, English drummer and portrait artist
    • 1951 – Mary McAleese, Irish academic and politician, 8th President of Ireland
    • 1952 – Madan Bhandari, Nepalese politician (d. 1993)
    • 1953 – Igor Gräzin, Estonian academic and politician
    • 1953 – Alice McDermott, American novelist
    • 1954 – Richard Ibbotson, English admiral
    • 1955 – Isabelle Adjani, French actress
    • 1956 – Heiner Dopp, German field hockey player and politician
    • 1957 – Gabriella Dorio, Italian runner
    • 1958 – Lisa Germano, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1958 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
    • 1959 – Dan Jurgens, American author and illustrator
    • 1959 – Lorrie Morgan, American singer
    • 1960 – Craig Hodges, American basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Robert King, English harpsichordist and conductor
    • 1960 – Jeremy Swift, English actor
    • 1962 – Michael Ball, English actor and singer
    • 1962 – Sunanda Pushkar, India-born Canadian businesswoman (d. 2014)
    • 1963 – Wendy Alexander, Scottish politician, Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning
    • 1963 – Johnny Benson Jr., American race car driver
    • 1964 – Stephan Brenninkmeijer, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Chuck Person, American basketball player and coach
    • 1965 – Simon Sebag Montefiore, English journalist, historian, and author
    • 1965 – S. Manikavasagam, Malaysian politician and social activist
    • 1965 – Óscar Vega, Spanish boxer
    • 1966 – J.J. Abrams, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Jörg Bergen, German footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Jeff Conine, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Aigars Kalvītis, Latvian politician, businessman, and former Prime Minister of Latvia
    • 1967 – Sylvie Fréchette, Canadian swimmer and coach
    • 1967 – George Hamilton, Northern Irish police officer
    • 1967 – Vasiliy Kaptyukh, Belarusian discus thrower
    • 1967 – Phil Kearns, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Kelly Ayotte, American lawyer and politician, New Hampshire Attorney General
    • 1969 – Viktor Petrenko, Ukrainian figure skater
    • 1970 – Régine Cavagnoud, French skier (d. 2001)
    • 1970 – John Eales, Australian rugby player and businessman
    • 1970 – Jim Edmonds, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Jo Frost, English nanny, television personality, and author
    • 1971 – Serginho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1972 – Dawud Wharnsby, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1973 – Abbath Doom Occulta, Norwegian musician
    • 1973 – Simon Archer, English badminton player
    • 1974 – Christian Kane, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1974 – Christopher O’Neill, English-American businessman
    • 1975 – Ace Darling, American wrestler
    • 1975 – Bianca Del Rio, American drag queen & comedian
    • 1975 – Sarah Evanetz, Canadian swimmer
    • 1975 – Tobey Maguire, American actor
    • 1975 – Daryle Ward, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Johnny Estrada, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Leigh Nash, American singer-songwriter
    • 1977 – Arkadiusz Radomski, Polish footballer
    • 1978 – Apparat, German musician
    • 1980 – Hugo Campagnaro, Argentinian footballer
    • 1980 – Jennifer Goodridge, American keyboard player
    • 1980 – Alexander Peya, Austrian tennis player
    • 1980 – Kevin Pietersen, South African-English cricketer
    • 1980 – Craig Terrill, American football player
    • 1981 – Andrew Embley, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Jim Johnson, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Dale Steyn, South African cricketer
    • 1983 – Nikola Rakočević, Serbian actor
    • 1984 – Khloé Kardashian, American model, businesswoman, and radio host
    • 1984 – D.J. King, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Jose Holebas, German-Greek footballer
    • 1984 – Gökhan Inler, Swiss footballer
    • 1985 – James Hook, Welsh rugby player
    • 1985 – Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player
    • 1985 – Nico Rosberg, German race car driver
    • 1986 – Sam Claflin, British actor
    • 1986 – Drake Bell, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1986 – Bryan Fletcher, American skier
    • 1986 – LaShawn Merritt, American sprinter
    • 1987 – India de Beaufort, English actress
    • 1987 – Ed Westwick, English actor
    • 1988 – Stefani Bismpikou, Greek gymnast
    • 1988 – Matthew Spiranovic, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Kate Ziegler, American swimmer
    • 1989 – Hana Birnerová, Czech tennis player
    • 1989 – Matthew Lewis, English actor
    • 1992 – Ahn So-hee, South Korean singer and actress
    • 1992 – Karthika Nair, Indian film actress
    • 1993 – Johanna Talihärm, Estonian biathlete
    • 1993 – Alberto Campbell-Staines, Australian athlete
    • 1994 – Anita Husarić, Bosnian tennis player
    • 1995 – Monté Morris, American basketball player

    Deaths on June 27

    • 992 – Conan I of Rennes, Duke of Brittany
    • 1162 – Odo II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1118)
    • 1194 – King Sancho VI of Navarre (b. 1132)
    • 1296 – Floris V, Count of Holland (b. 1254)
    • 1458 – Alfonso V of Aragon (b. 1396)
    • 1497 – Michael An Gof, rebel leader
    • 1497 – Thomas Flamank, rebel leader
    • 1574 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian historian, painter, and architect (b. 1511)
    • 1601 – Henry Norris, 1st Baron Norreys (b. 1525)
    • 1603 – Jan Dymitr Solikowski, Polish archbishop (b. 1539)
    • 1627 – John Hayward, English historian, journalist, and politician (b. 1564)
    • 1636 – Date Masamune, Japanese strongman (b. 1567)
    • 1654 – Johannes Valentinus Andreae, German theologian (b. 1586)
    • 1655 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1598)
    • 1672 – Roger Twysden, English historian and politician (b. 1597)
    • 1720 – Guillaume Amfrye de Chaulieu, French poet and author (b. 1639)
    • 1794 – Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg (b. 1711)
    • 1794 – Philippe de Noailles, French general (b. 1715)
    • 1827 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian and academic (b. 1754)
    • 1829 – James Smithson, English chemist and mineralogist (b. 1765)
    • 1831 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
    • 1839 – Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (b. 1780)
    • 1844 – Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (b. 1800)
    • 1844 – Joseph Smith, American religious leader, founded the Latter Day Saint movement (b. 1805)
    • 1878 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (b. 1800)
    • 1894 – Giorgio Costantino Schinas, Maltese architect and civil engineer (b. 1834)
    • 1896 – John Berryman, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1825)
    • 1905 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (b. 1867)
    • 1907 – Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, American educator, co-founded Radcliffe College (b. 1822)
    • 1911 – Victor Surridge, English motorcycle racer (b. 1882)
    • 1912 – George Bonnor, Australian cricketer (b. 1855)
    • 1917 – Karl Allmenröder, German soldier and pilot (b. 1896)
    • 1919 – Peter Sturholdt, American boxer (b. 1885)
    • 1920 – Adolphe-Basile Routhier, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1839)
    • 1934 – Francesco Buhagiar, Maltese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876)
    • 1935 – Eugene Augustin Lauste, French-American inventor (b. 1857)
    • 1944 – Milan Hodža, Czech journalist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. 1878)
    • 1946 – Wanda Gág, American author and illustrator (b. 1893)
    • 1949 – Frank Smythe, English botanist and mountaineer (b. 1900)
    • 1950 – Milada Horáková, Czech politician, victim of judicial murder (b. 1901)
    • 1952 – Max Dehn, German-American mathematician and academic (b. 1878)
    • 1957 – Hermann Buhl, Austrian soldier and mountaineer (b. 1924)
    • 1960 – Lottie Dod, English tennis player, golfer, and archer (b. 1871)
    • 1962 – Paul Viiding, Estonian author, poet, and critic (b. 1904)
    • 1967 – Jaan Lattik, Estonian pastor and politician, 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (b. 1878)
    • 1970 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler and scholar (b. 1902)
    • 1975 – G.I. Taylor, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1886)
    • 1986 – George Nepia, New Zealand rugby player and referee (b. 1905)
    • 1987 – Billy Snedden, Australian lawyer and politician, 17th Attorney-General for Australia (b. 1926)
    • 1989 – A. J. Ayer, English philosopher and academic (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Milton Subotsky, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1921)
    • 1996 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer (b. 1909)
    • 1998 – Gilles Rocheleau, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1935)
    • 1999 – Georgios Papadopoulos, Greek colonel and politician, 169th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Pierre Pflimlin, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
    • 2001 – Tove Jansson, Finnish author, illustrator, and painter (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Jack Lemmon, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – Joan Sims, English actress (b. 1930)
    • 2002 – John Entwistle, English singer-songwriter, bass guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)
    • 2002 – Robert L. J. Long, American admiral (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – David Newman, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
    • 2004 – George Patton IV, American general (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Darrell Russell, American race car driver (b. 1968)
    • 2005 – Shelby Foote, American historian and author (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Ray Holmes, English lieutenant and pilot (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – John T. Walton, American businessman, co-founded the Children’s Scholarship Fund (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Ángel Maturino Reséndiz, Mexican serial killer (b. 1959)
    • 2007 – William Hutt, Canadian actor (b. 1920)
    • 2008 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian field marshal (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – Gale Storm, American actress (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Corey Allen, American film and television actor, writer, director, and producer (b. 1934)
    • 2011 – Mike Doyle, English footballer (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Stan Cox, English runner (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Rosemary Dobson, Australian poet and illustrator (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Stefano Borgonovo, Italian footballer (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Ian Scott, English-New Zealand painter (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Edmond Blanchard, Canadian jurist and politician (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Allen Grossman, American poet, critic, and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Leslie Manigat, Haitian educator and politician, 43rd President of Haiti (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Violet Milstead, Canadian World War II aviator and bush pilot (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Rachid Solh, Lebanese politician, 48th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Zvi Elpeleg, Polish-Israeli diplomat, author, and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Knut Helle, Norwegian historian and professor (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Chris Squire, English musician (bass guitarist), singer and songwriter, member of the rock band Yes (b. 1948)
    • 2016 – Bud Spencer, Italian swimmer, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 2017 – Peter L. Berger, Austrian sociologist (b. 1929)
    • 2018 – Joe Jackson, American manager, father of Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson (b. 1928)
    • 2018 – Liz Jackson, Australian journalist and former barrister (b. 1951)
    • 2018 – William McBridge, Australian obstetrician (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on June 27

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arialdo
      • Crescens, one of the Seventy disciples
      • Cyril of Alexandria (Coptic Church, Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion and Lutheran Church)
      • Ladislaus I of Hungary
      • Our Lady of Perpetual Help
      • Sampson the Hospitable
      • Zoilus
      • June 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Canadian Multiculturalism Day (Canada)
    • Commemoration Day for the Victims of the Communist Regime (Czech Republic)
    • Day of Turkmen Workers of Culture and Art (Turkmenistan)
    • Helen Keller Day (United States)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Djibouti from France in 1977.
    • Mixed Race Day (Brazil)
    • National HIV Testing Day (United States)
    • National PTSD Awareness Day (United States)
    • Seven Sleepers’ Day or Siebenschläfertag (Germany)
    • Unity Day (Tajikistan)

  • June 10- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock (clepsydra) called Rokoku. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu.
    • 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.
    • 1329 – The Battle of Pelekanon results in a Byzantine defeat by the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1523 – Copenhagen is surrounded by the army of Frederick I of Denmark, as the city will not recognise him as the successor of Christian II of Denmark.
    • 1539 – Council of Trent: Pope Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.
    • 1596 – Willem Barents and Jacob van Heemskerk discover Bear Island.
    • 1619 – Thirty Years’ War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.
    • 1624 – Signing of the Treaty of Compiègne between France and the Netherlands.
    • 1692 – Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for “certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft and Sorceries”.
    • 1719 – Jacobite risings: Battle of Glen Shiel
    • 1782 – King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) of Siam (modern day Thailand) is crowned.
    • 1786 – A landslide dam on the Dadu River created by an earthquake ten days earlier collapses, killing 100,000 in the Sichuan province of China.
    • 1793 – The Jardin des Plantes museum opens in Paris. A year later, it becomes the first public zoo.
    • 1793 – French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.
    • 1805 – First Barbary War: Yusuf Karamanli signs a treaty ending the hostilities between Tripolitania and the United States.
    • 1829 – The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge takes place on the Thames in London.
    • 1838 – Myall Creek massacre: Twenty-eight Aboriginal Australians are murdered.
    • 1854 – The United States Naval Academy graduates its first class of students.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Brice’s Crossroads: Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
    • 1868 – Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia is assassinated.
    • 1871 – Sinmiyangyo: Captain McLane Tilton leads 109 US Marines in a naval attack on Han River forts on Kanghwa Island, Korea.
    • 1878 – League of Prizren is established, to oppose the decisions of the Congress of Berlin and the Treaty of San Stefano, as a consequence of which the Albanian lands in the Balkans were being partitioned and given to the neighbor states of Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece.
    • 1886 – Mount Tarawera in New Zealand erupts, killing 153 people and burying the famous Pink and White Terraces. Eruptions continue for three months creating a large, 17 km long fissure across the mountain peak.
    • 1898 – Spanish–American War: In the Battle of Guantánamo Bay, U.S. Marines begin the American invasion of Spanish-held Cuba.
    • 1916 – The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire was declared by Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca.
    • 1918 – The Austro-Hungarian battleship SMS Szent István sinks off the Croatian coast after being torpedoed by an Italian MAS motorboat; the event is recorded by camera from a nearby vessel.
    • 1924 – Fascists kidnap and kill Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
    • 1935 – Dr. Robert Smith takes his last drink, and Alcoholics Anonymous is founded in Akron, Ohio, United States, by him and Bill Wilson.
    • 1935 – Chaco War ends: A truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.
    • 1940 – World War II: The Kingdom of Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
    • 1940 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounces Italy’s actions in his “Stab in the Back” speech at the graduation ceremonies of the University of Virginia.
    • 1940 – World War II: Military resistance to the German occupation of Norway ends.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Lidice massacre is perpetrated as a reprisal for the assassination of Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich.
    • 1944 – World War II: Six hundred forty-two men, women and children massacred at Oradour-sur-Glane, France.
    • 1944 – World War II: In Distomo, Boeotia, Greece, 218 men, women and children are massacred by German troops.
    • 1944 – In baseball, 15-year-old Joe Nuxhall of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the youngest player ever in a major-league game.
    • 1945 – Australian Imperial Forces land in Brunei Bay to liberate Brunei.
    • 1947 – Saab produces its first automobile.
    • 1957 – John Diefenbaker leads the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada to a stunning upset in the 1957 Canadian federal election, ending 22 years of Liberal Party government.
    • 1963 – The Equal Pay Act of 1963, aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex, was signed into law by John F. Kennedy as part of his New Frontier Program.
    • 1964 – United States Senate breaks a 75-day filibuster against the Civil Rights Act of 1964, leading to the bill’s passage.
    • 1967 – The Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
    • 1977 – James Earl Ray escapes from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Petros, Tennessee. He is recaptured three days later.
    • 1980 – The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
    • 1982 – Lebanon War: The Syrian Arab Army defeats the Israeli Defense Forces in the Battle of Sultan Yacoub.
    • 1990 – British Airways Flight 5390 lands safely at Southampton Airport after a blowout in the cockpit causes the captain to be partially sucked from the cockpit. There are no fatalities.
    • 1991 – Eleven-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard is kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, California; she would remain a captive until 2009.
    • 1994 – China conducts a nuclear test for DF-31 warhead at Area C (Beishan), Lop Nur, its prominence being due to the Cox Report.
    • 1996 – Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without the participation of Sinn Féin.
    • 1997 – Before fleeing his northern stronghold, Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief Son Sen and 11 of Sen’s family members.
    • 1999 – Kosovo War: NATO suspends its airstrikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.
    • 2001 – Pope John Paul II canonizes Lebanon’s first female saint, Saint Rafqa.
    • 2002 – The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of two humans is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.
    • 2003 – The Spirit rover is launched, beginning NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover mission.
    • 2009 – James Wenneker von Brunn, who was 88-years-old, opened fire inside the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and fatally shot Museum Special Police Officer Stephen Tyrone Johns. Other security guards returned fire, wounding von Brunn, who was apprehended.
    • 2019 – An Agusta A109E Power crashed onto the AXA Equitable Center on Seventh Avenue in Manhattan, New York City, which sparked a fire on the top of the building. The pilot of the helicopter was killed.

    Births on June 10

    • 867 – Emperor Uda of Japan (d. 931)
    • 940 – Abu al-Wafa’ Buzjani, Persian mathematician and astronomer (d. 998)
    • 1213 – Fakhr-al-Din Iraqi, Persian poet and philosopher (d. 1289)
    • 1465 – Mercurino Gattinara, Italian statesman and jurist (d. 1530)
    • 1513 – Louis, Duke of Montpensier (1561–1582) (d. 1582)
    • 1557 – Leandro Bassano, Italian painter (d. 1622)
    • 1632 – Esprit Fléchier, French bishop and author (d. 1710)
    • 1688 – James Francis Edward Stuart, claimant to the English and Scottish throne (d. 1766)
    • 1713 – Princess Caroline of Great Britain (d. 1757)
    • 1716 – Carl Gustaf Ekeberg, Swedish physician and explorer (d. 1784)
    • 1753 – William Eustis, American physician and politician, 12th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1825)
    • 1804 – Hermann Schlegel, German ornithologist and herpetologist (d. 1884)
    • 1819 – Gustave Courbet, French-Swiss painter and sculptor (d. 1877)
    • 1825 – Sondre Norheim, Norwegian-American skier (d. 1897)
    • 1832 – Edwin Arnold, English poet and journalist (d. 1904)
    • 1832 – Nicolaus Otto, German engineer (d. 1891)
    • 1832 – Stephen Mosher Wood, American lieutenant and politician (d. 1920)
    • 1835 – Rebecca Latimer Felton, American educator and politician (d. 1930)
    • 1839 – Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg, Danish lawyer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 1912)
    • 1840 – Theodor Philipsen, Danish painter (d. 1920)
    • 1843 – Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1900)
    • 1854 – Sarah Grand, Irish feminist writer (d. 1943)
    • 1859 – Emanuel Nobel, Swedish-Russian businessman (d. 1932)
    • 1862 – Mrs. Leslie Carter, American actress (d. 1937)
    • 1863 – Louis Couperus, Dutch author and poet (d. 1923)
    • 1864 – Ninian Comper, Scottish architect (d. 1960)
    • 1865 – Frederick Cook, American physician and explorer (d. 1940)
    • 1880 – André Derain, French painter and sculptor (d. 1954)
    • 1882 – Nils Økland, Norwegian Esperantist and teacher (d. 1969)
    • 1884 – Leone Sextus Tollemache, English captain (d. 1917)
    • 1886 – Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese actor and producer (d. 1973)
    • 1891 – Al Dubin, Swiss-American songwriter (d. 1945)
    • 1895 – Hattie McDaniel, American actress (d. 1952)
    • 1897 – Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
    • 1898 – Princess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt (d. 1983)
    • 1899 – Stanisław Czaykowski, Polish race car driver (d. 1933)
    • 1901 – Frederick Loewe, Austrian-American composer (d. 1988)
    • 1904 – Lin Huiyin, Chinese architect and poet (d. 1955)
    • 1907 – Fairfield Porter, American painter and critic (d. 1975)
    • 1907 – Dicky Wells, American jazz trombonist (d. 1985)[n 1]
    • 1909 – Lang Hancock, Australian soldier and businessman (d. 1992)
    • 1910 – Frank Demaree, American baseball player and manager (d. 1958)
    • 1910 – Howlin’ Wolf, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1976)
    • 1911 – Ralph Kirkpatrick, American harpsichord player and musicologist (d. 1984)
    • 1911 – Terence Rattigan, English playwright and screenwriter (d. 1977)
    • 1912 – Jean Lesage, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Premier of Quebec (d. 1980)
    • 1913 – Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian pianist and composer (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – Benjamin Shapira, German-Israeli biochemist and academic (d. 1993)
    • 1914 – Oktay Rıfat Horozcu, Turkish poet and playwright (d. 1988)
    • 1915 – Saul Bellow, Canadian-American novelist, essayist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
    • 1916 – Peride Celal, Turkish author (d. 2013)
    • 1916 – William Rosenberg, American entrepreneur, founded Dunkin’ Donuts (d. 2002)
    • 1918 – Patachou, French singer and actress (d. 2015)
    • 1918 – Barry Morse, English-Canadian actor and director (d. 2008)
    • 1919 – Haidar Abdel-Shafi, Palestinian physician and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Kevin O’Flanagan, Irish footballer, rugby player, and physician (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
    • 1921 – Jean Robic, French cyclist (d. 1980)
    • 1922 – Judy Garland, American singer, actress, and vaudevillian (d. 1969)
    • 1922 – Bill Kerr, South African-Australian actor (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Paul Brunelle, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1994)
    • 1923 – Robert Maxwell, Czech-English captain, publisher, and politician (d. 1991)
    • 1924 – Friedrich L. Bauer, German mathematician, computer scientist, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Leo Gravelle, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Nat Hentoff, American historian, author, and journalist (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – James Salter, American novelist and short-story writer (d. 2015)
    • 1926 – Bruno Bartoletti, Italian conductor (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Lionel Jeffries, English actor, screenwriter and film director (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Claudio Gilberto Froehlich, Brazilian zoologist
    • 1927 – László Kubala, Hungarian footballer, coach, and manager (d. 2002)
    • 1927 – Lin Yang-kang, Chinese politician, 29th Vice Premier of the Republic of China (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Johnny Orr, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Eugene Parker, American astrophysicist and academic
    • 1928 – Maurice Sendak, American author and illustrator (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – James McDivitt, American general, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1929 – Ian Sinclair, Australian farmer and politician, 42nd Australian Minister for Defence
    • 1929 – Thomas Taylor, Baron Taylor of Blackburn, British Labour Party politician (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – E. O. Wilson, American biologist, author, and academic
    • 1930 – Aranka Siegal, Czech-American author and Holocaust survivor
    • 1930 – Carmen Cozza, American baseball and football player (d. 2018)
    • 1930 – Chen Xitong, Chinese politician, 8th Mayor of Beijing (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Bryan Cartledge, English academic and diplomat, British Ambassador to Russia
    • 1931 – João Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
    • 1932 – Pierre Cartier, French mathematician and academic
    • 1933 – Chuck Fairbanks, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Peter Gibson, English lawyer and judge
    • 1934 – Tom Pendry, Baron Pendry, English politician
    • 1935 – Vic Elford, English race car driver
    • 1935 – Lu Jiaxi, Chinese self-taught mathematician (d. 1983)
    • 1935 – Yoshihiro Tatsumi, Japanese author and illustrator (d. 2015)
    • 1938 – Rahul Bajaj, Indian businessman and politician
    • 1938 – Violetta Villas, Belgian-Polish singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2011)
    • 1938 – Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak, Indian mathematician and academic (d. 2009)
    • 1940 – Augie Auer, American-New Zealand meteorologist (d. 2007)
    • 1940 – John Stevens, English drummer (d. 1994)
    • 1941 – Mickey Jones, American drummer (d. 2018)
    • 1941 – Shirley Owens, American singer
    • 1941 – Jürgen Prochnow, German actor
    • 1941 – David Walker, Australian race car driver
    • 1942 – Gordon Burns, Northern Irish journalist
    • 1942 – Chantal Goya, French singer and actress
    • 1942 – Arthur Hamilton, Lord Hamilton, Scottish lawyer and judge
    • 1942 – Preston Manning, Canadian politician
    • 1943 – Simon Jenkins, English journalist and author
    • 1944 – Ze’ev Friedman, Polish-Israeli weightlifter (d. 1972)
    • 1944 – Rick Price, English rock bass player
    • 1947 – Michel Bastarache, Canadian businessman, lawyer, and jurist
    • 1947 – Ken Singleton, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1947 – Robert Wright, English air marshal
    • 1950 – Elías Sosa, Dominican-American baseball player
    • 1951 – Dan Fouts, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1951 – Tony Mundine, Australian boxer
    • 1951 – Burglinde Pollak, German pentathlete
    • 1952 – Kage Baker, American author (d. 2010)
    • 1953 – Eileen Cooper, English painter and academic
    • 1953 – John Edwards, American lawyer and politician
    • 1953 – Garry Hynes, Irish director and producer
    • 1953 – Christine St-Pierre, Canadian journalist and politician
    • 1954 – Moya Greene, Canadian businesswoman
    • 1954 – Rich Hall, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1955 – Annette Schavan, German theologian and politician
    • 1955 – Andrew Stevens, American actor and producer
    • 1958 – Yu Suzuki, Japanese game designer and producer
    • 1959 – Carlo Ancelotti, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1959 – Ernie C, American heavy metal guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1959 – Eliot Spitzer, American lawyer and politician, 54th Governor of New York
    • 1960 – Nandamuri Balakrishna, Indian film actor and politician
    • 1961 – Kim Deal, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1961 – Maxi Priest, English singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Gina Gershon, American actress, singer and author
    • 1962 – Anderson Bigode Herzer, Brazilian poet and author (d. 1982)
    • 1962 – Wong Ka Kui, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1993)
    • 1962 – Tzi Ma, Hong Kong American character actor
    • 1962 – Brent Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1963 – Brad Henry, American lawyer and politician, 26th Governor of Oklahoma
    • 1963 – Jeanne Tripplehorn, American actress
    • 1965 – Susanne Albers, German computer scientist and academic
    • 1965 – Elizabeth Hurley, English model, actress, and producer
    • 1965 – Joey Santiago, American alternative rock musician
    • 1966 – David Platt, English footballer and manager
    • 1967 – Emma Anderson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1967 – Darren Robinson, American rapper (d. 1995)
    • 1968 – Bill Burr, American comedian and actor
    • 1968 – Derek Dooley, American football player and coach
    • 1969 – Craig Hancock, Australian rugby league player
    • 1969 – Ronny Johnsen, Norwegian footballer
    • 1969 – Kate Snow, American journalist
    • 1970 – Mike Doughty, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1970 – Katsuhiro Harada, Japanese game designer, director, and producer
    • 1970 – Alex Santos, Filipino journalist
    • 1970 – Shane Whereat, Australian rugby league player
    • 1970 – Sarah Wixey, Welsh sport shooter
    • 1971 – JoJo Hailey, American singer
    • 1971 – Bobby Jindal, American journalist and politician, 55th Governor of Louisiana
    • 1971 – Bruno N’Gotty, French footballer
    • 1971 – Erik Rutan, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1972 – Steven Fischer, American director and producer
    • 1972 – Radmila Šekerinska, Macedonian politician, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia
    • 1972 – Eric Upashantha, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1973 – Faith Evans, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1973 – Flesh-n-Bone, American rapper and actor
    • 1973 – Pokey Reese, American baseball player
    • 1975 – Henrik Pedersen, Danish footballer
    • 1976 – Alari Lell, Estonian footballer
    • 1976 – Esther Ouwehand, Dutch politician
    • 1976 – Stefan Postma, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1976 – Hadi Saei, Iranian martial artist
    • 1977 – Adam Darski, Polish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1977 – Mike Rosenthal, American football player and coach
    • 1978 – Raheem Brock, American football player
    • 1979 – Evgeni Borounov, Russian ice dancer and coach
    • 1979 – Kostas Louboutis, Greek footballer
    • 1980 – Matuzalém, Brazilian footballer
    • 1980 – Ovie Mughelli, American football player
    • 1980 – Dmitri Uchaykin, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2013)
    • 1980 – Daniele Seccarecci, Italian bodybuilder (d. 2013)
    • 1980 – James Walsh, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and pianist
    • 1981 – Mat Jackson, English race car driver
    • 1981 – Albie Morkel, South African cricketer
    • 1981 – Andrey Yepishin, Russian sprinter
    • 1982 – Tara Lipinski, American figure skater
    • 1982 – Princess Madeleine, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland
    • 1982 – Ana Lúcia Souza, Brazilian ballerina and journalist
    • 1983 – Jade Bailey, Barbadian athlete
    • 1983 – Marion Barber III, American football player
    • 1983 – Aaron Davey, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Leelee Sobieski, American actress and producer
    • 1983 – Steve von Bergen, Swiss footballer
    • 1984 – Johanna Kedzierski, German sprinter
    • 1984 – Dirk Van Tichelt, Belgian martial artist
    • 1985 – Richard Chambers, Irish rower
    • 1985 – Kaia Kanepi, Estonian tennis player
    • 1985 – Kristina Lundberg, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Dane Nielsen, Australian rugby league player
    • 1985 – Andy Schleck, Luxembourger cyclist
    • 1985 – Vasilis Torosidis, Greek footballer
    • 1985 – Kreesha Turner, Canadian singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1986 – Al Alburquerque, Dominican baseball player
    • 1986 – Marco Andreolli, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Martin Harnik, German-Austrian footballer
    • 1987 – Amobi Okoye, Nigerian-American football player
    • 1988 – Jeff Teague, American basketball player
    • 1989 – DeAndre Kane, American basketball player
    • 1989 – David Miller, South African cricketer
    • 1989 – Mustapha Carayol, Gambian footballer
    • 1989 – Alexandra Stan, Romanian singer-songwriter, dancer, and model
    • 1991 – Alexa Scimeca Knierim, American figure skater
    • 1992 – Kate Upton, American model and actress

    Deaths on June 10

    • 323 BC – Alexander the Great, Macedonian king (b. 356 BC)
    • AD 38 – Julia Drusilla, Roman sister of Caligula (b. 16 AD)
    • 223 – Liu Bei, Chinese emperor (b. 161)
    • 779 – Emperor Daizong of Tang (b. 727)
    • 754 – Abul Abbas al-Saffah, Muslim caliph (b. 721)
    • 871 – Odo I, Frankish nobleman
    • 903 – Cheng Rui, Chinese warlord
    • 932 – Dong Zhang, Chinese general
    • 942 – Liu Yan, emperor of Southern Han (b. 889)
    • 1075 – Ernest, Margrave of Austria (b. 1027)
    • 1141 – Richenza of Northeim (b. 1087)
    • 1190 – Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1122)
    • 1261 – Matilda of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1210)
    • 1338 – Kitabatake Akiie, Japanese governor (b. 1318)
    • 1364 – Agnes of Austria (b. 1281)
    • 1424 – Ernest, Duke of Austria (b. 1377)
    • 1437 – Joan of Navarre, Queen of England (b. 1370)
    • 1468 – Idris Imad al-Din, supreme leader of Tayyibi Isma’ilism, scholar and historian (b. 1392)
    • 1552 – Alexander Barclay, English poet and author (b. 1476)
    • 1556 – Martin Agricola, German composer and theorist (b. 1486)
    • 1580 – Luís de Camões, Portuguese poet (b. 1524–25)
    • 1604 – Isabella Andreini, Italian actress (b. 1562)
    • 1607 – John Popham, English politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1531)
    • 1654 – Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (b. 1598)
    • 1680 – Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish lawyer and politician (b. 1635)
    • 1692 – Bridget Bishop, Colonial Massachusetts woman hanged as a witch during the Salem witch trials (b. 1632)
    • 1735 – Thomas Hearne, English historian and author (b. 1678)
    • 1753 – Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt, German architect (b. 1678)
    • 1776 – Hsinbyushin, Burmese king (b. 1736)
    • 1776 – Leopold Widhalm, Austrian instrument maker (b. 1722)
    • 1791 – Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, French admiral (b. 1720)
    • 1799 – Chevalier de Saint-Georges, Caribbean-French violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1745)
    • 1811 – Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1728)
    • 1831 – Hans Karl von Diebitsch, German-Russian field marshal (b. 1785)
    • 1836 – André-Marie Ampère, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1775)
    • 1849 – Thomas Robert Bugeaud, French general and politician (b. 1784)
    • 1849 – Robert Brown, Scottish botanist (b. 1773)
    • 1868 – Mihailo Obrenović III, Prince of Serbia (b. 1823)
    • 1899 – Ernest Chausson, French composer (b. 1855)
    • 1901 – Robert Williams Buchanan, Scottish poet, author, and playwright (b. 1841)
    • 1902 – Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan priest and poet (b. 1845)
    • 1906 – Richard Seddon, English-New Zealand politician, 15th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1845)
    • 1909 – Edward Everett Hale, American minister, historian, and author (b. 1822)
    • 1914 – Ödön Lechner, Hungarian architect (b. 1845)
    • 1918 – Arrigo Boito, Italian author, poet, and composer (b. 1842)
    • 1923 – Pierre Loti, French soldier and author (b. 1850)
    • 1924 – Giacomo Matteotti, Italian lawyer and politician (b. 1885)
    • 1926 – Antoni Gaudí, Spanish architect, designed the Park Güell (b. 1852)
    • 1930 – Adolf von Harnack, German historian and theologian (b. 1851)
    • 1934 – Frederick Delius, English composer and educator (b. 1862)
    • 1936 – John Bowser, English-Australian politician, 26th Premier of Victoria (b. 1856)
    • 1937 – Robert Borden, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1854)
    • 1939 – Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1890)
    • 1940 – Marcus Garvey, Jamaican journalist and activist, founded the Black Star Line (b. 1887)
    • 1944 – Willem Jacob van Stockum, Dutch mathematician and academic (b. 1910)
    • 1946 – Jack Johnson, American boxer (b. 1878)
    • 1947 – Alexander Bethune, Canadian businessman and politician, 12th Mayor of Vancouver (b. 1852)
    • 1949 – Sigrid Undset, Danish-Norwegian novelist, essayist, and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
    • 1955 – Margaret Abbott, Indian-American golfer (b. 1876)
    • 1958 – Angelina Weld Grimké, American journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1880)
    • 1959 – Zoltán Meskó, Hungarian politician (b. 1883)
    • 1963 – Timothy Birdsall, English cartoonist (b. 1936)
    • 1965 – Vahap Özaltay, Turkish footballer and manager (b. 1908)
    • 1967 – Spencer Tracy, American actor (b. 1900)
    • 1971 – Michael Rennie, English actor (b. 1909)
    • 1973 – William Inge, American playwright and novelist (b. 1913)
    • 1974 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (b. 1900)
    • 1976 – Adolph Zukor, American film producer, co-founded Paramount Pictures (b. 1873)
    • 1982 – Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1945)
    • 1984 – Halide Nusret Zorlutuna, Turkish author and poet (b. 1901)
    • 1986 – Merle Miller, American author and playwright (b. 1919)
    • 1987 – Elizabeth Hartman, American actress (b. 1943)
    • 1988 – Louis L’Amour, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1908)
    • 1991 – Jean Bruller, French author and illustrator, co-founded Les Éditions de Minuit (b. 1902)
    • 1992 – Hachidai Nakamura, Chinese-Japanese pianist and composer (b. 1931)
    • 1993 – Les Dawson, English comedian, actor, writer and presenter (b. 1931)
    • 1996 – George Hees, Canadian soldier, football player, and politician (b. 1910)
    • 1996 – Jo Van Fleet, American actress (b. 1915)
    • 1998 – Jim Hearn, American baseball player (b. 1921)
    • 1998 – Hammond Innes, English soldier and author (b. 1914)
    • 2000 – Hafez al-Assad, Syrian general and politician, 18th President of Syria (b. 1930)
    • 2000 – Brian Statham, English cricketer (b. 1930)
    • 2001 – Leila Pahlavi, Princess of Iran (b. 1970)
    • 2002 – John Gotti, American mobster (b. 1940)
    • 2003 – Donald Regan, American colonel and politician, 11th White House Chief of Staff (b. 1918)
    • 2003 – Bernard Williams, English philosopher and academic (b. 1929)
    • 2003 – Phil Williams, Welsh academic and politician (b. 1939)
    • 2004 – Ray Charles, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (b. 1930)
    • 2004 – Odette Laure, French actress and singer (b. 1917)
    • 2004 – Xenophon Zolotas, Greek economist and politician, 177th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1904)
    • 2005 – Curtis Pitts, American aircraft designer, designed the Pitts Special (b. 1915)
    • 2007 – Augie Auer, American-New Zealand meteorologist (b. 1940)
    • 2008 – Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani author and diplomat (b. 1928)
    • 2009 – Stelios Skevofilakas, Greek footballer (b. 1940)
    • 2010 – Basil Schott, American archbishop (b. 1939)
    • 2010 – Sigmar Polke, German painter and photographer (b. 1941)
    • 2011 – Brian Lenihan Jnr, Irish lawyer and politician, 25th Irish Minister for Finance (b. 1959)
    • 2012 – Piero Bellugi, Italian conductor (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Warner Fusselle, American sportscaster (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Will Hoebee, Dutch songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
    • 2012 – Georges Mathieu, French painter and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Joshua Orwa Ojode, Kenyan politician (b. 1958)
    • 2012 – George Saitoti, Kenyan economist and politician, 6th Vice-President of Kenya (b. 1945)
    • 2012 – Sudono Salim, Chinese-Indonesian businessman, founded Bank Central Asia (b. 1916)
    • 2012 – Gordon West, English footballer (b. 1943)
    • 2013 – Doug Bailey, American political consultant (b. 1933)
    • 2013 – Enrique Orizaola, Spanish footballer and coach (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Barbara Vucanovich, American lawyer and politician (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Marcello Alencar, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 57th Governor of Rio de Janeiro (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Gary Gilmour, Australian cricketer and manager (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Robert M. Grant, American theologian and academic (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Jack Lee, American radio host and politician (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Robert Chartoff, American film producer and philanthropist (b. 1933)
    • 2015 – Wolfgang Jeschke, German author and publisher (b. 1936)
    • 2016 – Christina Grimmie, American singer-songwriter (b. 1994)
    • 2016 – Gordie Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1928)
    • 2017 – Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (b. 1980)
    • 2018 – Neal E. Boyd, American singer, winner of the 2008 season of America’s Got Talent (b. 1975)
    • 2020 – Claudell Washington, American baseball player (b. 1954)

    Holidays and observances on June 10

    • Abolition Day (French Guiana)
    • Army Day (Jordan)
    • World Art Nouveau Day (Worldwide)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Bardo
      • Getulius, Amancius and Cerealus
      • Guardian Angel of Portugal
      • John of Tobolsk (Russian Orthodox Church)
      • Landry of Paris
      • Maurinus of Cologne
      • Maximus of Aveia (or of Aquila)
      • Maximus of Naples
      • Olivia
      • June 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Navy Day (Italy)
    • Portugal Day, also Day of Camões (Portugal and the Portuguese communities)
    • Reconciliation Day (Republic of the Congo)

  • June 8 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. He flees but is captured near Chalcedon and later executed in Cappadocia.
    • 793 – Vikings raid the abbey at Lindisfarne in Northumbria, commonly accepted as the beginning of Norse activity in the British Isles.
    • 1042 – Edward the Confessor becomes King of England – the country’s penultimate Anglo-Saxon king.
    • 1191 – Richard I arrives in Acre, beginning his crusade.
    • 1663 – Portuguese victory at the Battle of Ameixial ensures Portugal’s independence from Spain.
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: American attackers are driven back at the Battle of Trois-Rivières.
    • 1783 – Laki, a volcano in Iceland, begins an eight-month eruption which kills over 9,000 people and starts a seven-year famine.
    • 1789 – James Madison introduces twelve proposed amendments to the United States Constitution in Congress.
    • 1794 – Robespierre inaugurates the French Revolution’s new state religion, the Cult of the Supreme Being, with large organized festivals all across France.
    • 1856 – A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the mutineers of HMS Bounty, arrives at Norfolk Island, commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Tennessee secedes from the Union.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Cross Keys: Confederate forces under General Stonewall Jackson save the Army of Northern Virginia from a Union assault on the James Peninsula led by General George B. McClellan.
    • 1867 – Coronation of Franz Joseph as King of Hungary following the Austro-Hungarian compromise (Ausgleich).
    • 1887 – Herman Hollerith applies for US patent #395,781 for the ‘Art of Compiling Statistics’, which was his punched card calculator.
    • 1906 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, authorizing the President to restrict the use of certain parcels of public land with historical or conservation value.
    • 1912 – Carl Laemmle incorporates Universal Pictures.
    • 1918 – A solar eclipse is observed at Baker City, Oregon by scientists and an artist hired by the United States Navy.
    • 1928 – Second Northern Expedition: The National Revolutionary Army captures Peking, whose name is changed to Beijing (“Northern Capital”).
    • 1929 – Margaret Bondfield is appointed Minister of Labour. She is the first woman appointed to the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.
    • 1940 – World War II: The completion of Operation Alphabet, the evacuation of Allied forces from Narvik at the end of the Norwegian Campaign.
    • 1941 – World War II: The Allies commence the Syria–Lebanon Campaign against the possessions of Vichy France in the Levant.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Japanese imperial submarines I-21 and I-24 shell the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle.
    • 1949 – Helen Keller, Dorothy Parker, Danny Kaye, Fredric March, John Garfield, Paul Muni and Edward G. Robinson are named in an FBI report as Communist Party members.
    • 1949 – George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four is published.
    • 1953 – An F5 tornado hits Beecher, Michigan, killing 116, injuring 844, and destroying 340 homes.
    • 1953 – The United States Supreme Court rules in District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co. that restaurants in Washington, D.C., cannot refuse to serve black patrons.
    • 1959 – USS Barbero and the United States Postal Service attempt the delivery of mail via Missile Mail.
    • 1966 – An F-104 Starfighter collides with XB-70 Valkyrie prototype no. 2, destroying both aircraft during a photo shoot near Edwards Air Force Base. Joseph A. Walker, a NASA test pilot, and Carl Cross, a United States Air Force test pilot, are both killed.
    • 1966 – Topeka, Kansas, is devastated by a tornado that registers as an “F5” on the Fujita scale: The first to exceed US$100 million in damages. Sixteen people are killed, hundreds more injured, and thousands of homes damaged or destroyed.
    • 1966 – The National Football League and American Football League announced a merger effective in 1970.
    • 1967 – Six-Day War: The USS Liberty incident occurs, killing 34 and wounding 171.
    • 1972 – Vietnam War: Nine-year-old Phan Thị Kim Phúc is burned by napalm, an event captured by Associated Press photographer Nick Ut moments later while the young girl is seen running down a road, in what would become an iconic, Pulitzer Prize-winning photo.
    • 1982 – Bluff Cove Air Attacks during the Falklands War: Fifty-six British servicemen are killed by an Argentine air attack on two landing ships, RFA Sir Galahad and RFA Sir Tristram.
    • 1984 – Homosexuality is declared legal in the Australian state of New South Wales.
    • 1987 – New Zealand’s Labour government establishes a national nuclear-free zone under the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987.
    • 1992 – The first World Oceans Day is celebrated, coinciding with the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
    • 1995 – Downed U.S. Air Force pilot Captain Scott O’Grady is rescued by U.S. Marines in Bosnia.
    • 2001 – Mamoru Takuma kills eight and injures 15 in a mass stabbing at an elementary school in the Osaka Prefecture of Japan.
    • 2004 – The first Venus Transit in well over a century takes place, the previous one being in 1882.
    • 2007 – Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, is hit by the State’s worst storms and flooding in 30 years resulting in the death of nine people and the grounding of a trade ship, the MV Pasha Bulker.
    • 2008 – At least 37 miners go missing after an explosion in a Ukrainian coal mine causes it to collapse.
    • 2008 – At least seven people are killed and ten injured in a stabbing spree in Tokyo, Japan.
    • 2009 – Two American journalists are found guilty of illegally entering North Korea and sentenced to 12 years of penal labour.
    • 2014 – At least 28 people are killed in an attack at Jinnah International Airport, Karachi, Pakistan.

    Births on June 8

    • 862 – Emperor Xizong of Tang (d. 888)
    • 1508 – Primož Trubar, Slovenian Protestant reformer (d. 1586)
    • 1552 – Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet and author (d. 1638)
    • 1593 – George I Rákóczi, prince of Transylvania (d. 1648)
    • 1625 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian-French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1712)
    • 1671 – Tomaso Albinoni, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1751)
    • 1717 – John Collins, American lawyer and politician, 3rd Governor of Rhode Island (d. 1795)
    • 1724 – John Smeaton, English engineer, designed the Coldstream Bridge and Perth Bridge (d. 1794)
    • 1745 – Caspar Wessel, Norwegian-Danish mathematician and cartographer (d. 1818)
    • 1757 – Ercole Consalvi, Italian cardinal (d. 1824)
    • 1788 – Charles A. Wickliffe, American politician, 14th Governor of Kentucky (d. 1869)
    • 1810 – Robert Schumann, German composer and critic (d. 1856)
    • 1829 – John Everett Millais, English painter and illustrator (d. 1896)
    • 1831 – Thomas J. Higgins, Canadian-American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1917)
    • 1842 – John Q. A. Brackett, American lawyer and politician, 36th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1918)
    • 1851 – Jacques-Arsène d’Arsonval, French physician and physicist (d. 1940)
    • 1852 – Guido Banti, Italian physician and pathologist (d. 1925)
    • 1854 – Douglas Cameron, Canadian politician, 8th Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba (d. 1921)
    • 1855 – George Charles Haité, English painter and illustrator (d. 1924)
    • 1858 – Charlotte Scott, English mathematician (d. 1931)
    • 1859 – Smith Wigglesworth, English evangelist (d. 1947)
    • 1860 – Alicia Boole Stott, Irish-English mathematician and theorist (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect, designed the Price Tower and Fallingwater (d. 1959)
    • 1868 – Robert Robinson Taylor, American architect (d. 1942)
    • 1872 – Jan Frans De Boever, Belgian painter and illustrator (d. 1949)
    • 1875 – Ernst Enno, Estonian poet and author (d. 1934)
    • 1876 – Alexandre Tuffère, Greek-French triple jumper (d. 1958)
    • 1885 – Karl Genzken, German physician (d. 1957)
    • 1891 – William Funnell, Australian public servant (d. 1962)
    • 1893 – Ernst Marcus, German zoologist (d. 1968)
    • 1893 – Gaby Morlay, French actress (d. 1964)
    • 1894 – Erwin Schulhoff, Czech composer and pianist (d. 1942)
    • 1895 – Santiago Bernabéu Yeste, Spanish footballer and manager (d. 1978)
    • 1897 – John G. Bennett, English mathematician and technologist (d. 1974)
    • 1899 – Eugène Lapierre, Canadian organist, composer and arts administrator (d. 1970)
    • 1899 – Ernst-Robert Grawitz, German physician (d. 1945)
    • 1900 – Lena Baker, African-American maid executed for capital murder, later pardoned posthumously (d. 1945)
    • 1903 – Ralph Yarborough, American colonel and politician (d. 1996)
    • 1903 – Marguerite Yourcenar, Belgian-French author and poet (d. 1987)
    • 1910 – C. C. Beck, American illustrator (d. 1989)
    • 1910 – John W. Campbell, American journalist and author (d. 1971)
    • 1910 – Fernand Fonssagrives, French-American photographer, sculptor, and painter (d. 2003)
    • 1911 – Edmundo Rivero, Argentinian singer-songwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1912 – Wilhelmina Barns-Graham, British abstract painter (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – Maurice Bellemare, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1989)
    • 1912 – Harry Holtzman, American painter (d. 1987)
    • 1915 – Kayyar Kinhanna Rai, Indian journalist, author, and poet (d. 2015)
    • 1916 – Francis Crick, English biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – Luigi Comencini, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1916 – Richard Pousette-Dart, American painter and educator (d. 1992)
    • 1917 – Byron White, American football player and judge (d. 2002)
    • 1918 – George Edward Hughes, Irish-New Zealand philosopher and logician (d. 1994)
    • 1918 – Robert Preston, American captain, actor, and singer (d. 1987)
    • 1918 – John D. Roberts, American chemist and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1918 – John H. Ross, American captain and pilot (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – John R. Deane, Jr., American general (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Gwen Harwood, Australian poet and playwright (d. 1995)
    • 1921 – Gordon McLendon, American broadcaster and businessman (d. 1986)
    • 1921 – Olga Nardone, American actress (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – LeRoy Neiman, American soldier and painter (d. 2012)
    • 1921 – Alexis Smith, Canadian-born American actress and singer (d. 1993)
    • 1921 – Suharto, Indonesian soldier and politician, 2nd President of Indonesia (d. 2008)
    • 1924 – Billie Dawe, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Kenneth Waltz, American political scientist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Barbara Bush, American wife of George H. W. Bush, 41st First Lady of the United States (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Jerry Stiller, American actor, comedian and producer (d. 2020)
    • 1929 – Nada Inada, Japanese psychiatrist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Robert Aumann, German-American mathematician and economist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1930 – Marcel Léger, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1993)
    • 1931 – James Goldstone, American director and screenwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1931 – Dana Wynter, British actress (d. 2011)
    • 1932 – Ray Illingworth, English cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1932 – Ian Kirkwood, Lord Kirkwood, Scottish lawyer and judge (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – Rommie Loudd, American football player and coach (d. 1998)
    • 1933 – Joan Rivers, American comedian, actress, and television host (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Robert Stevens, English lawyer and academic
    • 1934 – Millicent Martin, English actress and singer
    • 1935 – Molade Okoya-Thomas, Nigerian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – James Darren, American actor
    • 1936 – Kenneth G. Wilson, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Gillian Clarke, Welsh poet and playwright
    • 1938 – Angelo Amato, Italian cardinal
    • 1939 – Herb Adderley, American football player
    • 1940 – Nancy Sinatra, American singer and actress
    • 1941 – Robert Bradford, Northern Irish politician and activist (d. 1981)
    • 1941 – George Pell, Australian cardinal
    • 1942 – Nikos Konstantopoulos, Greek politician, Greek Minister of the Interior
    • 1942 – Doug Mountjoy, Welsh snooker player
    • 1943 – Colin Baker, English actor
    • 1943 – William Calley, American lieutenant
    • 1943 – Willie Davenport, American colonel and hurdler (d. 2002)
    • 1943 – Peter Eggert, German footballer and manager
    • 1943 – Pierre-André Fournier, Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 2015)
    • 1944 – Mark Belanger, American baseball player (d. 1998)
    • 1944 – Marc Ouellet, Canadian cardinal
    • 1944 – Boz Scaggs, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Steven Fromholz, American singer-songwriter, producer, and poet (d. 2014)
    • 1945 – Derek Underwood, English cricketer
    • 1946 – Graham Henry, New Zealand rugby player and coach
    • 1947 – Annie Haslam, English singer-songwriter and painter
    • 1947 – Sara Paretsky, American author
    • 1947 – Eric F. Wieschaus, American biologist, geneticist, and academic Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1949 – Emanuel Ax, Polish-American pianist and educator
    • 1949 – Hildegard Falck, German runner
    • 1950 – Kathy Baker, American actress
    • 1950 – Sônia Braga, Brazilian actress and producer
    • 1951 – Tony Rice, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1951 – Bonnie Tyler, Welsh singer-songwriter
    • 1953 – Billy Hayes, English union leader
    • 1953 – Sandy Nairne, English historian and curator
    • 1953 – Ivo Sanader, Croatian historian and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Croatia
    • 1953 – Olav Stedje, Norwegian singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – Greg Ginn, American punk rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter (Black Flag)
    • 1954 – Kiril of Varna, Bulgarian metropolitan (d. 2013)
    • 1954 – Sergei Storchak, Ukrainian-Russian politician
    • 1955 – Tim Berners-Lee, English computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web
    • 1955 – José Antonio Camacho, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1955 – Griffin Dunne, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1956 – Udo Bullmann, German politician
    • 1956 – Jonathan Potter, English psychologist, sociolinguist, and academic
    • 1957 – Scott Adams, American author and illustrator
    • 1957 – Don Robinson, American baseball player and politician
    • 1957 – Sonja Vectomov, Czech/Finnish sculptor
    • 1958 – Louise Richardson, Irish political scientist and academic
    • 1958 – Keenen Ivory Wayans, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1959 – Mohsen Kadivar, Iranian philosopher
    • 1960 – Mick Hucknall, English singer-songwriter
    • 1960 – Terje Gewelt, Norwegian bassist
    • 1960 – Thomas Steen, Swedish ice hockey player and coach
    • 1961 – Mary Bonauto, American lawyer and gay rights activist
    • 1962 – John Gibbons, American baseball player and manager
    • 1962 – Andreas Keim, German footballer
    • 1962 – Nick Rhodes, English keyboard player and producer
    • 1963 – Karen Kingsbury, American journalist and author
    • 1963 – Antoaneta Todorova, Bulgarian javelin thrower
    • 1964 – Butch Reynolds, American runner and coach
    • 1965 – Kevin Farley, American screenwriter
    • 1965 – Rob Pilatus, German model, dancer and singer (Milli Vanilli) (d. 1998)
    • 1966 – Julianna Margulies, American actress
    • 1966 – Doris Pearson, English singer-songwriter and choreographer
    • 1967 – Dan Futterman, American actor, screenwriter and producer
    • 1967 – Russell E. Morris, Professor of Materials Chemistry at the University of St Andrews
    • 1968 – Rob Ray, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1969 – David Barnhill, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1969 – J. P. Manoux, American actor
    • 1969 – Marcos Siega, American director and producer
    • 1970 – Gabrielle Giffords, American businesswoman, politician and activist
    • 1970 – Kwame Kilpatrick, American educator and politician, 68th Mayor of Detroit
    • 1970 – Steve Renouf, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1970 – Troy Vincent, American football player
    • 1971 – Mark Feuerstein, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1972 – Christian Mayrleb, Austrian footballer
    • 1973 – Lexa Doig, Canadian model and actress
    • 1973 – Bryant Reeves, American basketball player
    • 1974 – Pål Arne Fagernes, Norwegian javelin thrower (d. 2003)
    • 1974 – Lauren Burns, Australian taekwondo practitioner
    • 1974 – Alma Lepina, Latvian figure skater
    • 1975 – Emm Gryner, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1975 – Bryan McCabe, Canadian-American ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Mark Ricciuto, Australian footballer and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Shilpa Shetty, Indian actress and producer
    • 1976 – Eion Bailey, American actor
    • 1976 – Kenji Johjima, Japanese baseball player
    • 1976 – Catherine McKinnell, English lawyer and politician
    • 1977 – Kanye West, American rapper, producer, director, and fashion designer
    • 1978 – Eun Ji-won, South Korean rapper, dancer, and producer
    • 1978 – Maria Menounos, American television journalist
    • 1979 – Alexei Kozlov, Estonian figure skater
    • 1979 – Pete Orr, Canadian-American baseball player
    • 1979 – Adine Wilson, New Zealand netball player
    • 1979 – İpek Şenoğlu, Turkish tennis player
    • 1980 – Gustavo Manduca, Brazilian footballer
    • 1980 – Jamie Spencer, Irish jockey
    • 1981 – Alex Band, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1981 – Rachel Held Evans, American Christian author
    • 1981 – Matteo Meneghello, Italian race car driver
    • 1981 – Sara Watkins, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
    • 1982 – Matteo Barbini, Italian rugby player
    • 1982 – Michael Cammalleri, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Dickson Etuhu, Nigerian footballer
    • 1982 – Irina Lăzăreanu, Romanian-Canadian model and singer
    • 1982 – Nadia Petrova, Russian tennis player
    • 1983 – Gaines Adams, American football player (d. 2010)
    • 1983 – Kim Clijsters, Belgian tennis player
    • 1983 – Pantelis Kapetanos, Greek footballer
    • 1983 – Coby Karl, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Javier Mascherano, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Alexandre Despatie, Canadian diver
    • 1985 – Rosanna Pansino, American actress, writer and TV personality
    • 1986 – Patrick Kaleta, American ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Andrej Sekera, Slovak ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Coralie Balmy, French swimmer
    • 1987 – Issiar Dia, Senegalese footballer
    • 1989 – Timea Bacsinszky, Swiss tennis player
    • 1989 – Mitchell Schwartz, American football player
    • 1990 – Todd Barclay, New Zealand politician
    • 1990 – Mickey Bushell, English wheelchair racer
    • 1992 – Sebá, Brazilian footballer
    • 1996 – Doğanay Kılıç, Turkish footballer
    • 1997 – Jeļena Ostapenko, Latvian tennis player

    Deaths on June 8

    • 632 – Muhammad, the central figure of Islam, widely regarded as its founder (b. 570/571)
    • 696 – Chlodulf, bishop of Metz (or 697)
    • 951 – Zhao Ying, Chinese chancellor (b. 885)
    • 1042 – Harthacnut, English-Danish king (b. 1018)
    • 1154 – William of York, English archbishop and saint
    • 1290 – Beatrice Portinari, object of Dante Alighieri’s adoration (b. 1266)
    • 1376 – Edward, the Black Prince, English son of Edward III of England (b. 1330)
    • 1383 – Thomas de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros, English politician (b. 1338)
    • 1384 – Kan’ami, Japanese actor and playwright (b. 1333)
    • 1405 – Richard le Scrope, Archbishop of York (b. c.1350)
    • 1405 – Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk (b. 1385)
    • 1476 – George Neville, English archbishop and academic (b. 1432)
    • 1492 – Elizabeth Woodville, Queen consort of England (b. 1437)
    • 1501 – George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, Earl of Huntly and Lord Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1440)
    • 1505 – Hongzhi Emperor of China (b. 1470)
    • 1600 – Edward Fortunatus, German nobleman (b. 1565)
    • 1611 – Jean Bertaut, French bishop and poet (b. 1552)
    • 1612 – Hans Leo Hassler, German organist and composer (b. 1562)
    • 1621 – Anne de Xainctonge, French saint, founded the Society of the Sisters of Saint Ursula of the Blessed Virgin (b. 1567)
    • 1628 – Rudolph Goclenius, German lexicographer and philosopher (b. 1547)
    • 1651 – Tokugawa Iemitsu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1604)
    • 1714 – Sophia of Hanover (b. 1630)
    • 1716 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, German son of Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (b. 1658)
    • 1727 – August Hermann Francke, German-Lutheran pietist, philanthropist, and scholar (b. 1663)
    • 1768 – Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German archaeologist and scholar (b. 1717)
    • 1771 – George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1716)
    • 1795 – Louis XVII of France (b. 1785)
    • 1809 – Thomas Paine, English-American theorist and author (b. 1737)
    • 1831 – Sarah Siddons, Welsh actress (b. 1755)
    • 1835 – Gian Domenico Romagnosi, Italian economist and jurist (b. 1761)
    • 1845 – Andrew Jackson, American general, judge, and politician, 7th President of the United States (b. 1767)
    • 1846 – Rodolphe Töpffer, Swiss teacher, author, painter, cartoonist, and caricaturist (b. 1799)
    • 1857 – Douglas William Jerrold, English journalist and playwright (b. 1803)
    • 1874 – Cochise, American tribal chief (b. 1805)
    • 1876 – George Sand, French author and playwright (b. 1804)
    • 1885 – Ignace Bourget, Canadian bishop (b. 1799)
    • 1889 – Gerard Manley Hopkins, English poet (b. 1844)
    • 1899 – Mary of the Divine Heart, German nun and saint (b. 1863)
    • 1924 – Andrew Irvine, English mountaineer and explorer (b. 1902)
    • 1924 – George Mallory, English lieutenant and mountaineer (b. 1886)
    • 1929 – Bliss Carman, Canadian-American poet and playwright (b. 1861)
    • 1945 – Karl Hanke, Polish-German soldier and politician (b. 1903)
    • 1951 – Eugène Fiset, Canadian physician, general, and politician, 18th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1874)
    • 1951 – Oswald Pohl, German SS officer (b. 1892)
    • 1956 – Marie Laurencin, French painter and sculptor (b. 1883)
    • 1959 – Leslie Johnson, English race car driver (b. 1912)
    • 1965 – Edmondo Rossoni, Italian politician (b. 1884)
    • 1966 – Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer and academic (b. 1890)
    • 1968 – Elizabeth Enright, American author and illustrator (b. 1909)
    • 1968 – Ludovico Scarfiotti, Italian race car driver (b. 1933)
    • 1969 – Arunachalam Mahadeva, Sri Lankan politician and diplomat (b. 1885)
    • 1969 – Robert Taylor, American actor and singer (b. 1911)
    • 1970 – Abraham Maslow, American psychologist and academic (b. 1908)
    • 1971 – J.I. Rodale, American author and playwright (b. 1898)
    • 1976 – Thorleif Schjelderup-Ebbe, Norwegian zoologist and psychologist (b. 1894)
    • 1982 – Satchel Paige, American baseball player and coach (b. 1906)
    • 1984 – Gordon Jacob, English composer and academic (b. 1895)
    • 1987 – Alexander Iolas, Egyptian-American art collector (b. 1907)
    • 1997 – George Turner, Australian author and critic (b. 1916)
    • 1997 – Karen Wetterhahn, American chemist and academic (b. 1948)
    • 1998 – Sani Abacha, Nigerian general and politician, 10th President of Nigeria (b. 1943)
    • 1998 – Maria Reiche, German mathematician and archaeologist (b. 1903)
    • 2000 – Jeff MacNelly, American cartoonist (b. 1948)
    • 2001 – Alex de Renzy, American director and producer (b. 1935)
    • 2004 – Charles Hyder, American astrophysicist and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2004 – Mack Jones, American baseball player (b. 1938)
    • 2006 – Jaxon, American illustrator and publisher, co-founded Rip Off Press (b. 1941)
    • 2006 – Matta El Meskeen, Egyptian monk, theologian, and author (b. 1919)
    • 2008 – Šaban Bajramović, Serbian singer-songwriter (b. 1936)
    • 2009 – Omar Bongo, Gabonese captain and politician, President of Gabon (b. 1935)
    • 2010 – Crispian St. Peters, English singer-songwriter (b. 1939)
    • 2012 – Pete Brennan, American basketball player (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Charles E. M. Pearce, New Zealand-Australian mathematician and academic (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – Ghassan Tueni, Lebanese journalist, academic, and politician (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Paul Cellucci, American soldier and politician, 69th Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1948)
    • 2013 – Yoram Kaniuk, Israeli painter, journalist, and critic (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Taufiq Kiemas, Indonesian politician, 5th First Spouse of Indonesia (b. 1942)
    • 2014 – Alexander Imich, Polish-American chemist, parapsychologist, and academic (b. 1903)
    • 2014 – Yoshihito, Prince Katsura of Japan (b. 1948)
    • 2015 – Chea Sim, Cambodian commander and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2017 – Sam Panopoulos, Greek cook (b. 1934)

    Holidays and observances on June 8

    • Christian feast day:
      • Blessed Mariam Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan
      • Blessed Mary of the Divine Heart (Droste zu Vischering)
      • Chlodulf of Metz
      • Jacques Berthieu, S.J.
      • Jadwiga (Hedwig) of Poland
      • Medard
      • Melania the Elder
      • Roland Allen (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Thomas Ken (Church of England)
      • William of York
      • June 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Queen’s Birthday can fall, while June 14 is the latest; celebrated on the second Monday in June. (Australia, except Western Australia and Queensland)
    • Bounty Day (Norfolk Island)
    • Caribbean American HIV/AIDS Awareness Day
    • Engineer’s Day (Peru)
    • Pranav Sivakumar Day (Illinois, United States)
    • Primož Trubar Day (Slovenia)
    • World Brain Tumor Day
    • World Oceans Day

  • June 6- History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 913 – The 8-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, Constantine VII, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire, under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed by Constantine’s uncle Alexander III on his deathbed.
    • 1513 – Italian Wars: Battle of Novara. Swiss troops defeat the French under Louis II de la Trémoille, forcing the French to abandon Milan. Duke Massimiliano Sforza is restored.
    • 1523 – Gustav Vasa, the Swedish regent, is elected King of Sweden, marking a symbolic end to the Kalmar Union. This is the Swedish national day.
    • 1586 – Francis Drake’s forces raid St. Augustine in Spanish Florida.
    • 1674 – Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire, is crowned.
    • 1749 – The Conspiracy of the Slaves in Malta is discovered.
    • 1762 – Seven Years’ War: British forces begin a siege of Havana, Cuba, and temporarily capture the city in the Battle of Havana.
    • 1808 – Napoleon’s brother, Joseph Bonaparte, is crowned King of Spain.
    • 1809 – Sweden promulgates a new Constitution, which restores political power to the Riksdag of the Estates after 20 years of enlightened absolutism. At the same time, Charles XIII is elected to succeed Gustav IV Adolf as King of Sweden.
    • 1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek: A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeats an American force twice its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
    • 1822 – Alexis St. Martin is accidentally shot in the stomach, leading to William Beaumont’s studies on digestion.
    • 1832 – The June Rebellion in Paris is put down by the National Guard.
    • 1844 – The Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) is founded in London.
    • 1844 – The Glaciarium, the world’s first mechanically frozen ice rink, opens.
    • 1857 – Sophia of Nassau marries the future King Oscar II of Sweden–Norway.
    • 1859 – Australia: Queensland is established as a separate colony from New South Wales (Queensland Day).
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Memphis: Union forces capture Memphis, Tennessee, from the Confederates.
    • 1882 – The Shewan forces of Menelik II of Ethiopia defeat the Gojjame army in the Battle of Embabo. The Shewans capture Negus Tekle Haymanot of Gojjam, and their victory leads to a Shewan hegemony over the territories south of the Abay River.
    • 1889 – The Great Seattle Fire destroys all of downtown Seattle.
    • 1892 – The Chicago “L” elevated rail system begins operation.
    • 1894 – Governor Davis H. Waite orders the Colorado state militia to protect and support the miners engaged in the Cripple Creek miners’ strike.
    • 1909 – French troops capture Abéché (in modern-day Chad) and install a puppet sultan in the Ouaddai Empire.
    • 1912 – The eruption of Novarupta in Alaska begins. It is the largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century.
    • 1916 – The death of Yuan Shikai marks the beginning of China’s Warlord Era.
    • 1918 – World War I: Battle of Belleau Wood: The U.S. Marine Corps suffers its worst single day’s casualties while attempting to recapture the wood at Château-Thierry.
    • 1919 – After eight days of existence, the Republic of Prekmurje is conquered by the Hungarian Soviet Republic.
    • 1921 – Southwark Bridge in London is opened to traffic by King George V and Queen Mary.
    • 1932 – The Revenue Act of 1932 is enacted, creating the first gas tax in the United States, at a rate of 1 cent per US gallon (​1⁄4¢/L) sold.
    • 1933 – The first drive-in theater opens in Camden, New Jersey, United States.
    • 1934 – New Deal: The U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 into law, establishing the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
    • 1939 – Judge Joseph Force Crater, known as the “Missingest Man in New York”, is declared legally dead.
    • 1942 – World War II: Battle of Midway. U.S. Navy dive bombers sink the Japanese cruiser Mikuma and four Japanese carriers.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Allied invasion of Normandy—codenamed Operation Overlord—begins with the execution of Operation Neptune (commonly referred to as D-Day), the landing of 155,000 Allied troops on the beaches of Normandy in France. The Allied soldiers quickly break through the Atlantic Wall and push inland in the largest amphibious military operation in history.
    • 1946 – The Basketball Association of America is founded in New York City; the BAA was the precursor to the modern National Basketball Association.
    • 1954 – The grand opening of the sculpture of Yuriy Dolgorukiy took place in Moscow. This statue is one of the main monuments of Moscow.
    • 1964 – Under a temporary order, the rocket launches at Cuxhaven, Germany are terminated. They never resume.
    • 1971 – Soyuz program: Soyuz 11 is launched.
    • 1971 – A midair collision between a Hughes Airwest Douglas DC-9 jetliner and a United States Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II jet fighter near Duarte, California, claims 50 lives.
    • 1971 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Long Khanh between Australian and Vietnamese communist forces begins.
    • 1974 – A new Instrument of Government is promulgated making Sweden a parliamentary monarchy.
    • 1981 – Bihar train disaster: A passenger train travelling between Mansi and Saharsa, India, jumps the tracks at a bridge crossing the Bagmati River. The government places the official death toll at 268 plus another 300 missing; however, it is generally believed that the death toll is closer to 1,000.
    • 1982 – The Lebanon War begins. Forces under Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon invade southern Lebanon during Operation Peace for the Galilee, eventually reaching as far north as the capital Beirut.
    • 1985 – The grave of “Wolfgang Gerhard” is opened in Embu, Brazil; the exhumed remains are later proven to be those of Josef Mengele, Auschwitz’s “Angel of Death”; Mengele is thought to have drowned while swimming in February 1979.
    • 1993 – Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat wins the first presidential election in Mongolia.
    • 1994 – China Northwest Airlines Flight 2303 crashes near Xi’an, China, killing all 160 people on board.
    • 2002 – Eastern Mediterranean event. A near-Earth asteroid estimated at ten meters in diameter explodes over the Mediterranean Sea between Greece and Libya. The explosion is estimated to have a force of 26 kilotons, slightly more powerful than the Nagasaki atomic bomb.
    • 2004 – Tamil is established as a “classical language” by the President of India, Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, in a joint sitting of the two houses of the Indian Parliament.
    • 2005 – In Gonzales v. Raich, the United States Supreme Court upholds a federal law banning cannabis, including medical marijuana.

    Births on June 6

    pre-19th century

    • 1236 – Wen Tianxiang, Chinese general and scholar (d. 1283)
    • 1243 – Alix of Brittany, Dame de Pontarcy, Breton noble (d. 1288)
    • 1296 – Władysław of Legnica (d. 1352)
    • 1436 – Regiomontanus, German mathematician, astronomer, and bishop (d. 1476)
    • 1519 – Andrea Cesalpino, Italian philosopher, physician, and botanist (d. 1603)
    • 1539 – Catherine Vasa, Regent of East Frisia (d. 1610)
    • 1553 – Bernardino Baldi, Italian mathematician and author (d. 1617)
    • 1556 – Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche, English politician and diplomat (d. 1625)
    • 1580 – Godefroy Wendelin, Belgian astronomer and author (d. 1667)
    • 1584 – Yuan Chonghuan, politician, military general and writer (d. 1630)
    • 1599 – Diego Velázquez, Spanish painter and educator (d. 1660)
    • 1606 – Pierre Corneille, French playwright and producer (d. 1684)
    • 1622 – Claude-Jean Allouez, French-American missionary and explorer (d. 1689)
    • 1646 – Hortense Mancini, favourite Italian niece of Cardinal Mazarin (d. 1699)
    • 1661 – Giacomo Antonio Perti, Italian composer and educator (d. 1756)
    • 1699 – Johann Georg Estor, German historian and theorist (d. 1773)
    • 1714 – Joseph I of Portugal (d. 1777)
    • 1735 – Anton Schweitzer, German composer (d. 1787)
    • 1755 – Nathan Hale, American soldier (d. 1776)
    • 1756 – John Trumbull, American soldier and painter (d. 1843)
    • 1772 – Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (d. 1807)
    • 1799 – Alexander Pushkin, Russian author and poet (d. 1837)

    19th century

    • 1807 – Thiệu Trị, Vietnamese emperor (d. 1847)
    • 1810 – Friedrich Wilhelm Schneidewin, German philologist and scholar (d. 1856)
    • 1829 – Honinbo Shusaku, Japanese Go player (d. 1862)
    • 1841 – Eliza Orzeszkowa, Polish author and publisher (d. 1910)
    • 1844 – Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter and academic (d. 1905)
    • 1850 – Karl Ferdinand Braun, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1918)
    • 1857 – Aleksandr Lyapunov, Russian mathematician and physicist (d. 1918)
    • 1862 – Henry Newbolt, English historian, author, and poet (d. 1938)
    • 1867 – David T. Abercrombie, American surveyor and businessman, founded Abercrombie & Fitch (d. 1931)
    • 1868 – Robert Falcon Scott, English sailor and explorer (d. 1912)
    • 1872 – Alix of Hesse, German princess and Russian empress (d.1918)
    • 1875 – Thomas Mann, German author and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
    • 1878 – Vincent de Moro-Giafferi, French lawyer and politician (d. 1956)
    • 1884 – Jock Hutchison, Scottish-American golfer (d. 1977)
    • 1890 – Ted Lewis, American singer, clarinet player, and bandleader (d. 1971)
    • 1891 – Masti Venkatesha Iyengar, Indian author and academic (d. 1986)
    • 1891 – Erich Marcks, German general (d. 1944)
    • 1896 – Henry Allingham, English World War I soldier and supercentenarian (d. 2009).
    • 1896 – Italo Balbo, Italian air marshal and politician (d. 1940)
    • 1898 – Walter Abel, American actor (d. 1987)
    • 1898 – Jacobus Johannes Fouché, South African politician, 2nd State President of South Africa (d. 1980)
    • 1898 – Ninette de Valois, English ballerina, choreographer, and director (d. 2001)
    • 1900 – Manfred Sakel, Ukrainian-American psychiatrist and physician (d. 1957)

    1901–1930

    • 1901 – Jan Struther, English author and hymnwriter (d. 1953)
    • 1901 – Sukarno, Indonesian engineer and politician, 1st President of Indonesia (d. 1970)
    • 1902 – Jimmie Lunceford, American saxophonist and bandleader (d. 1947)
    • 1903 – Aram Khachaturian, Armenian composer and conductor (d. 1978)
    • 1903 – Bakht Singh, Indian evangelist, well-known bible teacher and preacher (d. 2000)
    • 1906 – Max August Zorn, German mathematician and academic (d. 1993)
    • 1907 – Bill Dickey, American baseball player and manager (d. 1993)
    • 1907 – Robin Humphreys, British scholar of Latin America (d. 1999)
    • 1908 – Giovanni Bracco, Italian race car driver (d. 1968)
    • 1909 – Isaiah Berlin, Latvian-English historian and philosopher (d. 1997)
    • 1913 – Carlo L. Golino, Italian-American author, critic, and academic (d. 1991)
    • 1915 – Vincent Persichetti, American pianist and composer (d. 1987)
    • 1916 – Hamani Diori, Nigerien academic and politician, 1st President of Niger (d. 1989)
    • 1917 – Kirk Kerkorian, American businessman, founded the Tracinda Corporation (d. 2015)
    • 1918 – Edwin G. Krebs, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington, English army officer and politician, 6th Secretary General of NATO (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – V. C. Andrews, American author, illustrator, and painter (d. 1986)
    • 1923 – Jean Pouliot, Canadian broadcaster (d. 2004)
    • 1925 – Maxine Kumin, American poet and author (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Frank Chee Willeto, American soldier and politician, 4th Vice President of the Navajo Nation (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Torsten Andersson, Swedish painter and illustrator (d. 2009)
    • 1926 – Erdal İnönü, Turkish physicist and politician, Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Klaus Tennstedt, German conductor (d. 1998)
    • 1929 – Sunil Dutt, Indian actor, director, producer, and politician (d. 2005)
    • 1930 – Frank Tyson, English-Australian cricketer, coach and journalist (d. 2015)

    1931–1945

    Tommie Smith, born 6 June 1944, at the 1968 Olympic medal ceremony where he and John Carlos (behind) protested against racism.

    • 1932 – David Scott, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut
    • 1932 – Billie Whitelaw, English actress (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Eli Broad, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded KB Home
    • 1933 – Heinrich Rohrer, Swiss physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Albert II of Belgium
    • 1935 – Jon Henricks, Australian swimmer; winner of two Olympic gold medals in 1956.
    • 1936 – Mompati Merafhe, Botswana general and politician, Vice-President of Botswana (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – D. Ramanaidu, Indian actor, director, and producer, founded Suresh Productions (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – Levi Stubbs, American singer (d. 2008)
    • 1938 – Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza
    • 1938 – Ryuchi Matsuda, Japanese martial artist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Louis Andriessen, Dutch pianist and composer
    • 1939 – Gary U.S. Bonds, American singer-songwriter
    • 1939 – Eddie Giacomin, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1940 – Kumar Bhattacharyya, Baron Bhattacharyya, Indian-English engineer and academic (d. 2019)
    • 1940 – Willie John McBride, Northern Irish rugby player, coach, and manager
    • 1941 – Alexander Cockburn, Scottish-American journalist and author (d. 2012)
    • 1943 – José de Jesús Gudiño Pelayo, Mexican lawyer and jurist (d. 2010)
    • 1943 – Richard Smalley, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
    • 1943 – Joe Stampley, American country music singer-songwriter
    • 1944 – Monty Alexander, Jamaican jazz pianist.
    • 1944 – Phillip Allen Sharp, American molecular biologist; 1993 Nobel Prize laureate (Physiology or Medicine).
    • 1944 – Tommie Smith, American sprinter and football player; winner of 1968 Olympic 200m gold medal in a world record time.

    1946–2000

    • 1946 – Tony Levin, American bass player and songwriter.[
    • 1947 – David Blunkett, British Labour politician; Home Secretary 2001–2004.
    • 1947 – Robert Englund, American actor; best known for Nightmare on Elm Street.
    • 1947 – Ada Kok, Dutch butterfly stroke swimmer; winner of three Olympic medals including gold in 1968.
    • 1948 – Arlene Harris, American entrepreneur, inventor, investor and policy advocate.
    • 1949 – Holly Near, American folk singer and songwriter.
    • 1954 – Harvey Fierstein, American actor and playwright; twice a winner at the Tony Awards.
    • 1954 – Wladyslaw Zmuda, Polish footballer and manager; 91 caps for Poland and voted Best Young Player at the 1974 FIFA World Cup.
    • 1955 – Sam Simon, American director, producer and screenwriter; co-developer of The Simpsons (d. 2015).
    • 1956 – Björn Borg, Swedish tennis player; winner of eleven Grand Slam singles titles including five consecutive Wimbledons.
    • 1972 – Natalie Morales, American television journalist and NBC News anchor.

    Deaths

    • 184 – Qiao Xuan, Chinese official (b. c. 110).
    • 863 – Abu Musa Utamish, vizier to the Abbasid Caliphate.
    • 913 – Alexander III, Byzantine emperor (b. 870).
    • 1097 – Agnes of Aquitaine, Queen of Aragon and Navarre
    • 1134 – Norbert of Xanten, German bishop and saint (b. 1060)
    • 1217 – Henry I, King of Castile and Toledo (b. 1204)
    • 1237 – John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon
    • 1251 – William III of Dampierre, Count of Flanders
    • 1252 – Robert Passelewe, Bishop of Chichester
    • 1333 – William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster (b. 1312)
    • 1393 – Emperor Go-En’yū of Japan (b. 1359)
    • 1480 – Vecchietta, Italian painter, sculptor, and architect (b. 1412)
    • 1548 – João de Castro, Portuguese soldier and politician, Governor of Portuguese India (b. 1500)
    • 1561 – Ridolfo Ghirlandaio, Italian painter (b. 1483)
    • 1583 – Nakagawa Kiyohide, Japanese daimyō (b. 1556)
    • 1659 – Nadira Banu Begum, Mughal princess (b. 1618)
    • 1661 – Martino Martini, Italian Jesuit missionary (b. 1614)
    • 1730 – Alain Emmanuel de Coëtlogon, French general (b. 1646)
    • 1740 – Alexander Spotswood, Moroccan-American colonial and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Virginia (b. 1676)
    • 1784 – Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol, Dutch politician (b. 1741)
    • 1799 – Patrick Henry, American lawyer and politician, 1st Governor of Virginia (b. 1736)
    • 1813 – Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect, designed the Hôtel de Mademoiselle de Condé (b. 1739)
    • 1813 – Antonio Cachia, Maltese architect, engineer and archaeologist (b. 1739)
    • 1832 – Jeremy Bentham, English jurist and philosopher (b. 1748)
    • 1840 – Marcellin Champagnat, French priest and saint, founded the Marist Brothers (b. 1789)
    • 1843 – Friedrich Hölderlin, German poet and author (b. 1770)
    • 1861 – Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Italian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1810)
    • 1862 – Turner Ashby, American colonel (b. 1828)
    • 1865 – William Quantrill, American captain (b. 1837)
    • 1878 – Robert Stirling, Scottish minister and engineer, invented the stirling engine (b. 1790)
    • 1881 – Henri Vieuxtemps, Belgian violinist and composer (b. 1820)
    • 1883 – Ciprian Porumbescu, Romanian composer and poet (b. 1853)
    • 1891 – John A. Macdonald, Scottish-Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1815)
    • 1916 – Yuan Shikai, Chinese general and politician, 2nd President of the Republic of China (b. 1859)
    • 1922 – Lillian Russell, American actress and singer (b. 1860)
    • 1924 – William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie, Irish businessman and politician, Lord Mayor of Belfast (b. 1847)
    • 1934 – Julije Kempf, Croatian historian and author (b. 1864)
    • 1935 – Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy, English field marshal and politician, 12th Governor-General of Canada (b. 1862)
    • 1941 – Louis Chevrolet, Swiss-American race car driver and businessman, founded Chevrolet and Frontenac Motor Corporation (b. 1878)
    • 1943 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Greek politician (b. 1900)
    • 1946 – Gerhart Hauptmann, German novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
    • 1947 – James Agate, English author and critic (b. 1877)
    • 1948 – Louis Lumière, French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1864)
    • 1951 – Olive Tell, American actress (b. 1894)
    • 1954 – Fritz Kasparek, Austrian mountaineer and author (b. 1910)
    • 1955 – Max Meldrum, Scottish-Australian painter and educator (b. 1875)
    • 1961 – Carl Jung, Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist (b. 1875)
    • 1962 – Yves Klein, French painter (b. 1928)
    • 1962 – Tom Phillis, Australian motorcycle racer (b. 1934)
    • 1963 – William Baziotes, American painter and academic (b. 1912)
    • 1968 – Randolph Churchill, English journalist and politician (b. 1911)
    • 1968 – Robert F. Kennedy, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 64th United States Attorney General (b. 1925)
    • 1968 – Kâzım Özalp, Turkish general and politician, 3rd Turkish Minister of National Defence (b. 1880)
    • 1975 – Larry Blyden, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 1976 – J. Paul Getty, American businessman, founded the Getty Oil Company (b. 1892)
    • 1979 – Jack Haley, American actor (b. 1897)
    • 1980 – Ruth Aarons, American table tennis player and manager (b. 1918)
    • 1982 – Kenneth Rexroth, American poet and academic (b. 1905)
    • 1983 – Hans Leip, German author, poet, and playwright (b. 1893)
    • 1984 – A. Bertram Chandler, English-Australian soldier and author (b. 1912)
    • 1991 – Stan Getz, American saxophonist (b. 1927)
    • 1994 – Barry Sullivan, American actor (b. 1912)
    • 1996 – George Davis Snell, American geneticist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903)
    • 1997 – Magda Gabor, Hungarian-American actress and socialite (b. 1915)
    • 2000 – Frédéric Dard, French author and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 2001 – Suzanne Schiffman, French screenwriter and director (b. 1939)
    • 2003 – Ken Grimwood, American author (b. 1944)
    • 2003 – Dave Rowberry, English singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1940)
    • 2005 – Anne Bancroft, American actress (b. 1931)
    • 2005 – Dana Elcar, American actor (b. 1927)
    • 2006 – Arnold Newman, American photographer and educator (b. 1918)
    • 2006 – Billy Preston, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Camille Sandorfy, Hungarian-Canadian chemist and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2009 – Jean Dausset, French-Spanish immunologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)
    • 2009 – Jim Owens, American football player and coach (b. 1927)
    • 2010 – Marvin Isley, American singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1953)
    • 2012 – Vladimir Krutov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – Manuel Preciado Rebolledo, Spanish footballer and coach (b. 1957)
    • 2012 – Mykola Volosyanko, Ukrainian footballer and manager (b. 1972)
    • 2013 – Jerome Karle, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Eugen Merzbacher, German-American physicist and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Tom Sharpe, English-Spanish author and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Esther Williams, American swimmer and actress (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Ado Bayero, Nigerian politician and diplomat (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Eric Hill, English-American author and illustrator (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Lorna Wing, English psychiatrist and physician (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Pierre Brice, French actor (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Vincent Bugliosi, American lawyer and author (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Ronnie Gilbert, American singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Ludvík Vaculík, Czech journalist and author (b. 1926)
    • 2016 – Viktor Korchnoi, Russian chess player (b. 1931)
    • 2016 – Peter Shaffer, English playwright and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2018 – Ralph Santolla, American guitarist (b. 1969)

    Holidays and observances on June 6

    • Christian feast day:
      • Claude the Thaumaturge
      • Gottschalk
      • Ini Kopuria (Church of England, Episcopal Church, Anglican Church of Melanesia)
      • Marcellin Champagnat
      • Norbert of Xanten
      • June 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Engineer’s Day (Taiwan)
    • Korean Children’s Union Foundation Day (North Korea)
    • Memorial Day (South Korea)
    • National Day, marks the end of the Danish-ruled Kalmar Union. (Sweden)
    • National Huntington’s Disease Awareness Day (United States)
    • Normandy landings of the Allied Expeditionary Forces (D-Day), a.k.a. Operation Neptune, part of Operation Overlord (1944)
    • Queensland Day (Queensland)
    • Teachers’ Day (Bolivia)
    • UN Russian Language Day (United Nations)

  • May 19 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 639 – Ashina Jiesheshuai and his tribesmen assaulted Emperor Taizong at Jiucheng Palace.
    • 715 – Pope Gregory II is elected.
    • 1051 – Henry I of France marries the Russian princess, Anne of Kiev.
    • 1445 – John II of Castile defeats the Infantes of Aragon at the First Battle of Olmedo.
    • 1499 – Catherine of Aragon is married by proxy to Arthur, Prince of Wales. Catherine is 13 and Arthur is 12.
    • 1535 – French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships, 110 men, and Chief Donnacona’s two sons (whom Cartier had kidnapped during his first voyage).
    • 1536 – Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII of England, is beheaded for adultery, treason, and incest.
    • 1542 – The Prome Kingdom falls to the Taungoo Dynasty in present-day Myanmar.
    • 1568 – Queen Elizabeth I of England orders the arrest of Mary, Queen of Scots.
    • 1643 – Thirty Years’ War: French forces under the duc d’Enghien decisively defeat Spanish forces at the Battle of Rocroi, marking the symbolic end of Spain as a dominant land power.
    • 1649 – An Act of Parliament declaring England a Commonwealth is passed by the Long Parliament. England would be a republic for the next eleven years.
    • 1655 – The Invasion of Jamaica begins during the Anglo-Spanish War.
    • 1743 – Jean-Pierre Christin developed the centigrade temperature scale.
    • 1749 – King George II of Great Britain grants the Ohio Company a charter of land around the forks of the Ohio River.
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: A Continental Army garrison surrenders in the Battle of The Cedars.
    • 1780 – New England’s Dark Day, an unusual darkening of the day sky, was observed over the New England states and parts of Canada.
    • 1802 – Napoleon Bonaparte founds the Legion of Honour.
    • 1828 – U.S. President John Quincy Adams signs the Tariff of 1828 into law, protecting wool manufacturers in the United States.
    • 1845 – Captain Sir John Franklin and his ill-fated Arctic expedition depart from Greenhithe, England.
    • 1848 – Mexican–American War: Mexico ratifies the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo thus ending the war and ceding California, Nevada, Utah and parts of four other modern-day U.S. states to the United States for US$15 million.
    • 1911 – Parks Canada, the world’s first national park service, is established as the Dominion Parks Branch under the Department of the Interior.
    • 1917 – The Norwegian football club Rosenborg BK is founded.
    • 1919 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lands at Samsun on the Anatolian Black Sea coast, initiating what is later termed the Turkish War of Independence.
    • 1921 – The United States Congress passes the Emergency Quota Act establishing national quotas on immigration.
    • 1922 – The Young Pioneer Organization of the Soviet Union is established.
    • 1934 – Zveno and the Bulgarian Army engineer a coup d’état and install Kimon Georgiev as the new Prime Minister of Bulgaria.
    • 1942 – World War II: In the aftermath of the Battle of the Coral Sea, Task Force 16 heads to Pearl Harbor.
    • 1950 – A barge containing munitions destined for Pakistan explodes in the harbor at South Amboy, New Jersey, devastating the city.
    • 1950 – Egypt announces that the Suez Canal is closed to Israeli ships and commerce.
    • 1959 – The North Vietnamese Army establishes Group 559, whose responsibility is to determine how to maintain supply lines to South Vietnam; the resulting route is the Ho Chi Minh trail.
    • 1961 – Venera program: Venera 1 becomes the first man-made object to fly by another planet by passing Venus (the probe had lost contact with Earth a month earlier and did not send back any data).
    • 1961 – At Silchar Railway Station, Assam, 11 Bengalis die when police open fire on protesters demanding state recognition of Bengali language in the Bengali Language Movement.
    • 1962 – A birthday salute to U.S. President John F. Kennedy takes place at Madison Square Garden, New York City. The highlight is Marilyn Monroe’s rendition of “Happy Birthday”.
    • 1963 – The New York Post Sunday Magazine publishes Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail.
    • 1971 – Mars probe program: Mars 2 is launched by the Soviet Union.
    • 1986 – The Firearm Owners Protection Act is signed into law by U.S. President Ronald Reagan.
    • 1991 – Croatians vote for independence in a referendum.
    • 1997 – The Sierra Gorda biosphere, the most ecologically diverse region in Mexico, is established as a result of grassroots efforts.
    • 2007 – President of Romania Traian Băsescu survives an impeachment referendum and returns to office from suspension.
    • 2010 – The Royal Thai Armed Forces concludes its crackdown on protests by forcing the surrender of United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship leaders.
    • 2012 – Three gas cylinder bombs explode in front of a vocational school in the Italian city of Brindisi, killing one person and injuring five others.
    • 2012 – A car bomb explodes near a military complex in the Syrian city of Deir ez-Zor, killing nine people.
    • 2015 – The Refugio oil spill deposited 142,800 U.S. gallons (3,400 barrels) of crude oil onto an area in California considered one of the most biologically diverse coastlines of the west coast.
    • 2016 – EgyptAir Flight 804 crashes into the Mediterranean Sea while traveling from Paris to Cairo, killing all on board.
    • 2018 – The wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle is held at St George’s Chapel, Windsor, with an estimated global audience of 1.9 billion.

    Births on May 19

    • 1400 – John Stourton, 1st Baron Stourton, English soldier and politician (d. 1462)
    • 1462 – Baccio D’Agnolo, Italian woodcarver, sculptor and architect (d. 1543)
    • 1476 (or 1474) – Helena of Moscow, Grand Duchess consort of Lithuania and Queen consort of Poland (d. 1513)
    • 1593 – Claude Vignon, French painter (d. 1670)
    • 1616 – Johann Jakob Froberger, German organist and composer (d. 1667)
    • 1639 – Charles Weston, 3rd Earl of Portland, English soldier and noble (d. 1665)
    • 1700 – José de Escandón, 1st Count of Sierra Gorda, Spanish sergeant and politician (d. 1770)
    • 1724 – Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol, English admiral and politician, Chief Secretary for Ireland (d. 1779)
    • 1744 – Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, German-born Queen to George III of the United Kingdom (d. 1818)
    • 1762 – Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher and academic (d. 1814)
    • 1773 – Arthur Aikin, English chemist and mineralogist (d. 1854)
    • 1795 – Johns Hopkins, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1873)
    • 1827 – Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour, French academic and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1896)
    • 1832 – James Watney, Jr., English politician, brewer and cricketer (d. 1886)
    • 1857 – John Jacob Abel, American biochemist and pharmacologist (d. 1938)
    • 1861 – Nellie Melba, Australian soprano and actress (d. 1931)
    • 1871 – Walter Russell, American painter, sculptor, and author (d. 1963)
    • 1874 – Gilbert Jessop, English cricketer and soldier (d. 1955)
    • 1878 – Alfred Laliberté, Canadian sculptor and painter (d. 1953)
    • 1879 – Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, American-English politician (d. 1964)
    • 1880 – Albert Richardson, English architect and educator, designed the Manchester Opera House (d. 1964)
    • 1881 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (official birthday), Turkish field marshal and statesman, 1st President of Turkey (d. 1938)
    • 1884 – David Munson, American runner (d. 1953)
    • 1886 – Francis Biddle, American lawyer and judge, 58th United States Attorney General (d. 1968)
    • 1887 – Ion Jalea, Romanian soldier and sculptor (d. 1983)
    • 1889 – Tản Đà, Vietnamese poet and author (d. 1939)
    • 1889 – Henry B. Richardson, American archer (d. 1963)
    • 1890 – Eveline Adelheid von Maydell, German-American illustrator (d. 1962)
    • 1890 – Ho Chi Minh, Vietnamese politician, 1st President of Vietnam (d. 1969)
    • 1891 – Oswald Boelcke, German captain and pilot (d. 1916)
    • 1893 – H. Bonciu, Romanian author, poet, and journalist (d. 1950)
    • 1897 – Frank Luke, American lieutenant and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1918)
    • 1898 – Julius Evola, Italian philosopher and painter (d. 1974)
    • 1899 – Lothar Rădăceanu, Romanian journalist, linguist, and politician (d. 1955)
    • 1902 – Lubka Kolessa, Ukrainian-Canadian pianist and educator (d. 1997)
    • 1903 – Ruth Ella Moore, American scientist (d. 1994)
    • 1906 – Bruce Bennett, American shot putter and actor (d. 2007)
    • 1908 – Manik Bandopadhyay, Indian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1956)
    • 1908 – Merriam Modell, American author (d. 1994)
    • 1908 – Percy Williams, Canadian sprinter (d. 1982)
    • 1909 – Nicholas Winton, English banker and humanitarian (d. 2015)
    • 1910 – Alan Melville, South African cricketer (d. 1983)
    • 1913 – Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, Indian lawyer and politician, 6th President of India (d. 1996)
    • 1914 – Max Perutz, Austrian-English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
    • 1914 – Alex Shibicky, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – John Vachon, American photographer and journalist (d. 1975)
    • 1915 – Renée Asherson, English actress (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Abraham Pais, Dutch-American physicist, historian, and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1919 – Georgie Auld, Canadian-American saxophonist, clarinet player, and bandleader (d. 1990)
    • 1919 – Mitja Ribičič, Italian-Slovenian soldier and politician, 25th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Tina Strobos, Dutch psychiatrist known for rescuing Jews during World War II (d. 2012)
    • 1921 – Leslie Broderick, English lieutenant and pilot (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Harry W. Brown, American colonel and pilot (d. 1991)
    • 1921 – Daniel Gélin, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
    • 1921 – Yuri Kochiyama, American activist (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Karel van het Reve, Dutch historian and author (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Arthur Gorrie, Australian hobby shop proprietor (d. 1992)
    • 1924 – Sandy Wilson, English composer and songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Pol Pot, Cambodian general and politician, 29th Prime Minister of Cambodia (d. 1998)
    • 1925 – Malcolm X, American minister and activist (d. 1965)
    • 1926 – Edward Parkes, English engineer and academic (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Peter Zadek, German director and screenwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1927 – Serge Lang, French-American mathematician, author and academic (d. 2005)
    • 1928 – Colin Chapman, English engineer and businessman, founded Lotus Cars (d. 1982)
    • 1928 – Thomas Kennedy, English air marshal (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Gil McDougald, American baseball player and coach (d. 2010)
    • 1928 – Dolph Schayes, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Helmut Braunlich, German-American violinist and composer (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Richard Larter, Australian painter (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – John Stroger, American politician (d. 2008)
    • 1930 – Eugene Genovese, American historian and author (d. 2012)
    • 1930 – Lorraine Hansberry, American playwright and director (d. 1965)
    • 1931 – Bob Anderson, English race car driver (d. 1967)
    • 1931 – Trevor Peacock, English actor, screenwriter and songwriter
    • 1932 – Alma Cogan, English singer (d. 1966)
    • 1932 – Paul Erdman, American economist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1932 – Bill Fitch, American basketball player and coach
    • 1932 – Elena Poniatowska, Mexican intellectual and journalist
    • 1933 – Edward de Bono, Maltese physician, author, and academic
    • 1934 – Ruskin Bond, Indian author and poet
    • 1934 – Jim Lehrer, American journalist and author (d. 2020)
    • 1935 – David Hartman, American journalist and television personality
    • 1937 – Pat Roach, English wrestler (d. 2004)
    • 1938 – Moisés da Costa Amaral, East Timorese politician (d. 1989)
    • 1938 – Herbie Flowers, English musician
    • 1938 – Igor Ter-Ovanesyan, Ukrainian long jumper and coach
    • 1939 – Livio Berruti, Italian sprinter
    • 1939 – James Fox, English actor
    • 1939 – Nancy Kwan, Hong Kong-American actress and makeup artist
    • 1939 – Jānis Lūsis, Latvian javelin thrower and coach (d. 2020)
    • 1939 – Dick Scobee, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1986)
    • 1940 – Jan Janssen, Dutch cyclist
    • 1940 – Mickey Newbury, American country/pop singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
    • 1941 – Nora Ephron, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
    • 1941 – Igor Judge, Baron Judge, Maltese-English lawyer and judge, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales
    • 1942 – Gary Kildall, American computer scientist, founded Digital Research Inc. (d. 1994)
    • 1942 – Robert Kilroy-Silk, English television host and politician
    • 1943 – Eddie May, English footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1943 – Shirrel Rhoades, American author, publisher, and academic
    • 1944 – Peter Mayhew, English-American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – Pete Townshend, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1946 – Claude Lelièvre, Belgian activist
    • 1946 – Michele Placido, Italian actor and director
    • 1946 – André the Giant, French-American wrestler and actor (d. 1993)
    • 1947 – Paul Brady, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1947 – Christopher Chope, English lawyer and politician
    • 1947 – David Helfgott, Australian pianist
    • 1948 – Grace Jones, Jamaican-American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1949 – Dusty Hill, American singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1949 – Philip Hunt, Baron Hunt of Kings Heath, English politician
    • 1949 – Archie Manning, American football player
    • 1950 – Tadeusz Ślusarski, Polish pole vaulter (d. 1998)
    • 1951 – Joey Ramone, American singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1951 – Dick Slater, American wrestler
    • 1952 – Charlie Spedding, English runner
    • 1952 – Bert van Marwijk, Dutch footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1953 – Patrick Hodge, Lord Hodge, Scottish lawyer and judge
    • 1953 – Shavarsh Karapetyan, Armenian finswimmer
    • 1953 – Florin Marin, Romanian footballer and manager
    • 1953 – Victoria Wood, English actress, singer, director, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1954 – Rick Cerone, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1954 – Hōchū Ōtsuka, Japanese voice actor
    • 1954 – Phil Rudd, Australian-New Zealand drummer
    • 1955 – James Gosling, Canadian-American computer scientist, created Java
    • 1956 – Oliver Letwin, English philosopher and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
    • 1956 – Martyn Ware, English keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1957 – Bill Laimbeer, American basketball player and coach
    • 1957 – James Reyne, Nigerian-Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1961 – Vadim Cojocaru, Moldovan politician
    • 1961 – Gregory Poirier, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Wayne Van Dorp, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1963 – Filippo Galli, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1964 – Peter Jackson, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster (d. 1997)
    • 1964 – John Lee, South Korean-American football player
    • 1964 – Miloslav Mečíř, Slovak tennis player
    • 1965 – Maile Flanagan, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Marc Bureau, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Jodi Picoult, American author and educator
    • 1966 – Polly Walker, English actress
    • 1967 – Alexia, Italian singer
    • 1967 – Geraldine Somerville, Irish-born English actress
    • 1968 – Kyle Eastwood, American actor and bass player
    • 1970 – Stuart Cable, Welsh drummer (d. 2010)
    • 1970 – K. J. Choi, South Korean golfer
    • 1970 – Regina Narva, Estonian chess player
    • 1970 – Nia Zulkarnaen, Indonesian actress, singer and producer
    • 1971 – Ross Katz, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Andres Salumets, Estonian biologist, biochemist, and educator
    • 1972 – Jenny Berggren, Swedish singer-songwriter
    • 1972 – Claudia Karvan, Australian actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1973 – Dario Franchitti, Scottish race car driver
    • 1974 – Andrew Johns, Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Emma Shapplin, French soprano
    • 1974 – Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Indian actor
    • 1975 – Pretinha, Brazilian footballer
    • 1975 – London Fletcher, American football player
    • 1975 – Josh Paul, American baseball player and manager
    • 1975 – Jonas Renkse, Swedish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1976 – Ed Cota, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Kevin Garnett, American basketball player
    • 1977 – Manuel Almunia, Spanish footballer
    • 1977 – Wouter Hamel, Dutch singer and guitarist
    • 1977 – Brandon Inge, American baseball player
    • 1977 – Natalia Oreiro, Uruguayan singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1978 – Marcus Bent, English footballer
    • 1978 – Dave Bus, Dutch footballer
    • 1979 – Andrea Pirlo, Italian footballer
    • 1979 – Diego Forlan, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1980 – Tony Hackworth, English footballer
    • 1981 – Luciano Figueroa, Argentinian footballer
    • 1981 – Yo Gotti, American rapper
    • 1981 – Michael Leighton, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Sina Schielke, German sprinter
    • 1981 – Klaas-Erik Zwering, Dutch swimmer
    • 1982 – Kevin Amankwaah, English footballer
    • 1982 – Pål Steffen Andresen, Norwegian footballer
    • 1982 – Klaas Vantornout, Belgian cyclist
    • 1983 – Michael Che, American comedian
    • 1983 – Jessica Fox, English actress
    • 1984 – Marcedes Lewis, American football player
    • 1985 – Aleister Black, Dutch professional wrestler
    • 1986 – Mario Chalmers, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Michael Angelakos, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1987 – David Edgar, Canadian soccer player
    • 1987 – Mariano Torres, Argentinian footballer
    • 1987 – Jayne Wisener, Northern Irish actress
    • 1991 – Jordan Pruitt, American singer-songwriter
    • 1992 – Marshmello, American electronic music producer and DJ
    • 1992 – Michele Camporese, Italian footballer
    • 1992 – Ola John, Dutch footballer
    • 1992 – Felise Kaufusi, New Zealand-Tongan rugby league player
    • 1992 – Evgeny Kuznetsov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Sam Smith, English singer-songwriter
    • 1994 – Carlos Guzmán, Mexican footballer
    • 1995 – Taane Milne, New Zealand rugby league player

    Deaths on May 19

    • 804 – Alcuin, English monk and scholar (b. 735)
    • 956 – Robert, archbishop of Trier
    • 988 – Dunstan, English archbishop and saint (b. 909)
    • 1102 – Stephen, Count of Blois (b. 1045)
    • 1125 – Vladimir II Monomakh, Grand Duke of Kiev
    • 1164 – Saint Bashnouna, Egyptian saint and martyr
    • 1218 – Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
    • 1296 – Pope Celestine V (b. 1215)
    • 1303 – Saint Ivo of Kermartin, French canon lawyer (b. 1253)
    • 1319 – Louis, Count of Évreux (b. 1276)
    • 1389 – Dmitry Donskoy, Grand Prince of Muscovy (b. 1350)
    • 1396 – John I of Aragon (b. 1350)
    • 1526 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan (b. 1464)
    • 1531 – Jan Łaski, Polish archbishop and diplomat (b. 1456)
    • 1536 – Anne Boleyn, Queen of England (1533–1536); second wife of Henry VIII of England (b. c. 1501)
    • 1601 – Costanzo Porta, Italian composer (b. 1528)
    • 1609 – García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete (b. 1535)
    • 1610 – Thomas Sanchez, Spanish priest and theologian (b. 1550)
    • 1623 – Mariam-uz-Zamani, Empress of the Mughal Empire (b. 1542)
    • 1637 – Isaac Beeckman, Dutch scientist and philosopher (b. 1588)
    • 1715 – Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax, English poet and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1661)
    • 1786 – John Stanley, English organist and composer (b. 1712)
    • 1795 – Josiah Bartlett, American physician and politician, 4th Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1729)
    • 1795 – James Boswell, Scottish biographer (b. 1740)
    • 1798 – William Byron, 5th Baron Byron, English lieutenant and politician (b. 1722)
    • 1821 – Camille Jordan, French lawyer and politician (b. 1771)
    • 1825 – Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon, French philosopher and theorist (b. 1760)
    • 1831 – Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, Estonian-German physician, botanist, and entomologist (b. 1793)
    • 1864 – Nathaniel Hawthorne, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1804)
    • 1865 – Sengge Rinchen, Mongolian general (b. 1811)
    • 1872 – John Baker, English-Australian politician, 2nd Premier of South Australia (b. 1813)
    • 1876 – Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer, Dutch historian and politician (b. 1801)
    • 1885 – Peter W. Barlow, English engineer (b. 1809)
    • 1895 – José Martí, Cuban journalist, poet, and philosopher (b. 1853)
    • 1898 – William Ewart Gladstone, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1809)
    • 1901 – Marthinus Wessel Pretorius, South African general and politician, 1st President of the South African Republic (b. 1819)
    • 1903 – Arthur Shrewsbury, English cricketer (b. 1856)
    • 1904 – Auguste Molinier, French librarian and historian (b. 1851)
    • 1904 – Jamsetji Tata, Indian businessman, founded Tata Group (b. 1839)
    • 1906 – Gabriel Dumont, Canadian Métis leader (b. 1837)
    • 1907 – Benjamin Baker, English engineer, designed the Forth Bridge (b. 1840)
    • 1912 – Bolesław Prus, Polish journalist and author (b. 1847)
    • 1915 – John Simpson Kirkpatrick, English-Australian soldier (b. 1892)
    • 1918 – Gervais Raoul Lufbery, French-American soldier and pilot (b. 1885)
    • 1935 – T. E. Lawrence, British colonel and archaeologist (b. 1888)
    • 1936 – Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall, British Islamic scholar (b. 1875)
    • 1939 – Ahmet Ağaoğlu, Azerbaijani-Turkish journalist and publicist (b. 1869)
    • 1943 – Kristjan Raud, Estonian painter and illustrator (b. 1865)
    • 1945 – Philipp Bouhler, German soldier and politician (b. 1889)
    • 1946 – Booth Tarkington, American novelist and dramatist (b. 1869)
    • 1950 – Daniel Ciugureanu, Romanian physician and politician, Prime Minister of Moldova (b. 1884)
    • 1954 – Charles Ives, American composer and educator (b. 1874)
    • 1958 – Jadunath Sarkar, Indian historian (b. 1870)
    • 1958 – Archie Scott Brown, Scottish race car driver (b. 1927)
    • 1958 – Ronald Colman, English actor (b. 1891)
    • 1963 – Walter Russell, American painter, sculptor, and author (b. 1871)
    • 1969 – Coleman Hawkins, American saxophonist and clarinet player (b. 1901)
    • 1971 – Ogden Nash, American poet (b. 1902)
    • 1978 – Albert Kivikas, Estonian-Swedish journalist and author (b. 1898)
    • 1980 – Joseph Schull, Canadian playwright and historian (b. 1906)
    • 1983 – Jean Rey, Belgian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the European Commission (b. 1902)
    • 1984 – John Betjeman, English poet and academic (b. 1906)
    • 1986 – Jimmy Lyons, American saxophonist (b. 1931)
    • 1987 – James Tiptree, Jr., American psychologist and author (b. 1915)
    • 1989 – Yiannis Papaioannou, Greek composer and educator (b. 1910)
    • 1994 – Jacques Ellul, French sociologist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1912)
    • 1994 – Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, American journalist, 37th First Lady of the United States (b. 1929)
    • 1994 – Luis Ocaña, Spanish cyclist (b. 1945)
    • 1996 – John Beradino, American baseball player and actor (b. 1917)
    • 1998 – Sōsuke Uno, Japanese soldier and politician, 75th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1922)
    • 2001 – Alexey Maresyev, Russian soldier and pilot (b. 1916)
    • 2001 – Susannah McCorkle, American singer (b. 1946)
    • 2002 – John Gorton, Australian lieutenant and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1911)
    • 2002 – Walter Lord, American historian and author (b. 1917)
    • 2004 – Mary Dresselhuys, Dutch actress and screenwriter (b. 1907)
    • 2007 – Bernard Blaut, Polish footballer and coach (b. 1940)
    • 2007 – Dean Eyre, New Zealand politician (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Vijay Tendulkar, Indian playwright and screenwriter (b. 1928)
    • 2009 – Robert F. Furchgott, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)
    • 2009 – Nicholas Maw, English composer and academic (b. 1935)
    • 2009 – Clint Smith, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1913)
    • 2011 – Garret FitzGerald, Irish lawyer and politician, 8th Taoiseach of Ireland (b. 1926)
    • 2011 – Jeffrey Catherine Jones, American artist (b.1944)
    • 2012 – Bob Boozer, American basketball player (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Tamara Brooks, American conductor and educator (b. 1941)
    • 2012 – Ian Burgess, English race car driver (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Gerhard Hetz, German-Mexican swimmer (b. 1942)
    • 2012 – Phil Lamason, New Zealand soldier and pilot (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – G. Sarsfield Ford, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1933)
    • 2013 – Robin Harrison, English-Canadian pianist and composer (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Neil Reynolds, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1940)
    • 2014 – Simon Andrews, English motorcycle racer (b. 1982)
    • 2014 – Jack Brabham, Australian race car driver (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Terry W. Gee, American businessman and politician (b. 1940)
    • 2014 – Sam Greenlee, American author and poet (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Vincent Harding, American historian and scholar (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Gabriel Kolko, American historian and author (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Zbigniew Pietrzykowski, Polish boxer (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Bruce Lundvall, American businessman (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – Ted McWhinney, Australian-Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Happy Rockefeller, American philanthropist, socialite; 31st Second Lady of the United States (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Robert S. Wistrich, English historian, author, and academic (b. 1945)
    • 2016 – Alan Young, English-born Canadian-American actor (b. 1919)
    • 2016 – Morley Safer, Canadian-born American journalist (b. 1931)
    • 2017 – Nawshirwan Mustafa, General coordinator of the Movement for Change (Gorran) (b. 1944)
    • 2018 – Zhengzhang Shangfang, Chinese linguist (b. 1933)

    Holidays and observances on May 19

    • Christian feast day:
      • Calocerus (Eastern Orthodox Church)
      • Crispin of Viterbo
      • Dunstan (Roman Catholic Church, Orthodox Church; commemoration, Anglicanism)
      • Ivo of Kermartin
      • Joaquina Vedruna de Mas
      • Maria Bernarda Bütler
      • Peter Celestine
      • Pudentiana (Roman Catholic Church, Orthodox Church)
      • May 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day (Turkey, Northern Cyprus)
    • Greek Genocide Remembrance Day (Greece)
    • Hồ Chí Minh’s Birthday (Vietnam)
    • Malcolm X Day (United States of America)
    • National Asian & Pacific Islander HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
    • Hepatitis Testing Day (United States)
    • Mother’s Day (Kyrgyzstan)