richard nixon

  • July 30 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 762 – Baghdad is founded.
    • 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council.
    • 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
    • 1609 – Beaver Wars: At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs on behalf of his native allies.
    • 1619 – In Jamestown, Virginia, the first Colonial European representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
    • 1626 – An earthquake in Naples, Italy, kills about 10,000 people.
    • 1635 – Eighty Years’ War: The Siege of Schenkenschans begins; Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, begins the recapture of the strategically important fortress from the Spanish Army.
    • 1656 – Swedish forces under the command of King Charles X Gustav defeat the forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth at the Battle of Warsaw.
    • 1676 – Nathaniel Bacon issues the “Declaration of the People of Virginia”, beginning Bacon’s Rebellion against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.
    • 1729 – Founding of Baltimore, Maryland.
    • 1733 – The first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States is constituted in Massachusetts.
    • 1756 – In Saint Petersburg, Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers.
    • 1811 – Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed by the Spanish in Chihuahua City, Mexico.
    • 1825 – Malden Island is discovered by captain George Byron, 7th Baron Byron.
    • 1859 – First ascent of Grand Combin, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
    • 1863 – American Indian Wars: Representatives of the United States and tribal leaders including Chief Pocatello (of the Shoshone) sign the Treaty of Box Elder.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of the Crater: Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
    • 1865 – The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
    • 1866 – Armed Confederate veterans in New Orleans riot against a meeting of Radical Republicans, killing 48 people and injuring another 100.
    • 1871 – The Staten Island Ferry Westfield’s boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
    • 1912 – Japan’s Emperor Meiji dies and is succeeded by his son Yoshihito, who is now known as the Emperor Taishō.
    • 1930 – In Montevideo, Uruguay wins the first FIFA World Cup.
    • 1932 – Premiere of Walt Disney’s Flowers and Trees, the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award winning cartoon short.
    • 1945 – World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis, killing 883 seamen. Most die during the following four days, until an aircraft notices the survivors.
    • 1956 – A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing In God We Trust as the U.S. national motto.
    • 1962 – The Trans-Canada Highway, the longest national highway in the world, is officially opened.
    • 1965 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
    • 1966 – England defeats West Germany to win the 1966 FIFA World Cup at Wembley Stadium after extra time.
    • 1969 – Vietnam War: US President Richard Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu and U.S. military commanders.
    • 1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 Mission: David Scott and James Irwin on the Apollo Lunar Module Falcon land on the Moon with the first Lunar Rover.
    • 1971 – An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over Morioka, Iwate, Japan killing 162.
    • 1974 – Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the Supreme Court of the United States.
    • 1975 – Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again.
    • 1978 – The 730 (transport), Okinawa Prefecture changes its traffic on the right-hand side of the road to the left-hand side.
    • 1980 – Vanuatu gains independence.
    • 1980 – Israel’s Knesset passes the Jerusalem Law.
    • 1981 – As many as 50,000 demonstrators, mostly women and children, took to the streets in Łódź to protest food ration shortages in Communist Poland.
    • 1990 – Ian Gow, Conservative Member of Parliament, is assassinated at his home by IRA terrorists in a car bombing after he assured the group that the British government would never surrender to them.
    • 2003 – In Mexico, the last ‘old style’ Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
    • 2006 – The world’s longest running music show Top of the Pops is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show had aired for 42 years.
    • 2011 – Marriage of Queen Elizabeth II’s eldest granddaughter Zara Phillips to former rugby union footballer Mike Tindall.
    • 2012 – A train fire kills 32 passengers and injures 27 on the Tamil Nadu Express in Andhra Pradesh, India.
    • 2012 – A power grid failure in Delhi leaves more than 300 million people without power in northern India.
    • 2014 – One hundred and fifty people are trapped after a landslide in Maharashtra, India; 20 are killed.

    Births on July 30

    • 1470 – Hongzhi, emperor of the Ming dynasty (d. 1505)
    • 1511 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, historian, and architect (d. 1574)
    • 1549 – Ferdinando I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
    • 1641 – Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
    • 1751 – Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian pianist (d. 1829)
    • 1763 – Samuel Rogers, English poet and art collector (d. 1855)
    • 1809 – Charles Chiniquy, Canadian-American priest and theologian (d. 1899)
    • 1818 – Emily Brontë, English novelist and poet (d. 1848)
    • 1818 – Jan Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, 16th and 19th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 1897)
    • 1825 – Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian engineer and author (d. 1893)
    • 1832 – George Lemuel Woods, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 3rd Governor of Oregon (d. 1890)
    • 1855 – Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German-Swiss businessman (d. 1919)
    • 1857 – Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist (d. 1929)
    • 1859 – Henry Simpson Lunn, English minister and humanitarian, founded Lunn Poly (d. 1939)
    • 1862 – Nikolai Yudenich, Russian general (d. 1933)
    • 1863 – Henry Ford, American engineer and businessman, founded the Ford Motor Company (d. 1947)
    • 1872 – Princess Clémentine of Belgium (d. 1955)
    • 1881 – Smedley Butler, American general, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1940)
    • 1890 – Casey Stengel, American baseball player and manager (d. 1975)
    • 1893 – Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani dentist and politician (d. 1967)
    • 1898 – Henry Moore, English sculptor and illustrator (d. 1986)
    • 1899 – Gerald Moore, English pianist (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1955)
    • 1904 – Salvador Novo, Mexican poet and playwright (d. 1974)
    • 1909 – C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian and author (d. 1993)
    • 1910 – Edgar de Evia, Mexican-American photographer (d. 2003)
    • 1913 – Lou Darvas, American soldier and cartoonist (d. 1987)
    • 1914 – Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin, Irish journalist and author, 6th President of the International Olympic Committee (d. 1999)
    • 1920 – Walter Schuck, German lieutenant and pilot (d. 2015)
    • 1921 – Grant Johannesen, American pianist and educator (d. 2005)
    • 1922 – Henry W. Bloch, American banker and businessman, co-founded H&R Block (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Stan Stennett, Welsh actor and trumpet player (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Alexander Trocchi, Scottish author and poet (d. 1984)
    • 1926 – Betye Saar, African American artist
    • 1927 – Richard Johnson, English actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (d. 2004)
    • 1927 – Victor Wong, American actor (d. 2001)
    • 1928 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Sid Krofft, Canadian-American puppeteer and producer
    • 1931 – Dominique Lapierre, French historian and author
    • 1934 – Bud Selig, 9th Major League Baseball Commissioner
    • 1936 – Buddy Guy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1936 – Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz (d. 2020)
    • 1938 – Hervé de Charette, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1938 – Terry O’Neill, English photographer (d. 2019)
    • 1939 – Peter Bogdanovich, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Eleanor Smeal, American activist, founded the Feminist Majority Foundation
    • 1940 – Patricia Schroeder, American lawyer and politician
    • 1940 – Clive Sinclair, English businessman, founded Sinclair Radionics and Sinclair Research
    • 1941 – Paul Anka, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1942 – Pollyanna Pickering, English environmentalist and painter (d. 2018)
    • 1943 – Henri-François Gautrin, Canadian physicist and politician
    • 1944 – Gerry Birrell, Scottish race car driver (d. 1973)
    • 1944 – Peter Bottomley, English politician
    • 1944 – Frances de la Tour, English actress
    • 1945 – Patrick Modiano, French novelist and screenwriter, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1945 – David Sanborn, American saxophonist and composer
    • 1946 – Neil Bonnett, American race car driver and sportscaster (d. 1994)
    • 1946 – Jeffrey Hammond, English bass player
    • 1947 – William Atherton, American actor and producer
    • 1947 – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, French virologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1947 – Jonathan Mann, American physician and author (d. 1998)
    • 1947 – Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-American bodybuilder, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of California
    • 1948 – Billy Paultz, American basketball player
    • 1948 – Jean Reno, Moroccan-French actor
    • 1948 – Otis Taylor, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian pianist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1949 – Duck Baker, American guitarist
    • 1949 – Sonia Proudman, English lawyer and judge
    • 1950 – Harriet Harman, English lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – Frank Stallone, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1951 – Alan Kourie, South African cricketer
    • 1951 – Gerry Judah, Indian-English painter and sculptor
    • 1952 – Stephen Blackmore, English botanist and author
    • 1954 – Ken Olin, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1955 – Rat Scabies, English drummer and producer
    • 1955 – Christopher Warren-Green, English violinist and conductor
    • 1956 – Delta Burke, American actress
    • 1956 – Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1956 – Anita Hill, American lawyer and academic
    • 1956 – Soraida Martinez, American painter and educator
    • 1957 – Antonio Adamo, Italian director and cinematographer
    • 1957 – Bill Cartwright, American basketball player and coach
    • 1957 – Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager
    • 1957 – Nery Pumpido, Argentinian footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1958 – Kate Bush, English singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1958 – Liz Kershaw, English radio broadcaster
    • 1958 – Daley Thompson, English decathlete and trainer
    • 1960 – Jennifer Barnes, American-English musicologist and academic
    • 1960 – Richard Linklater, American director and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Brillante Mendoza, Filipino independent film director
    • 1961 – Laurence Fishburne, American actor and producer
    • 1962 – Alton Brown, American chef, author, and producer
    • 1962 – Jay Feaster, American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1962 – Yakub Memon, Indian accountant and terrorist (d. 2015)
    • 1963 – Peter Bowler, English-Australian cricketer
    • 1963 – Lisa Kudrow, American actress and producer
    • 1963 – Antoni Martí, Andorran architect and politician
    • 1963 – Chris Mullin, American basketball player, coach, and executive
    • 1964 – Ron Block, American singer-songwriter and banjo player
    • 1964 – Vivica A. Fox, American actress
    • 1964 – Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer and manager
    • 1964 – Laine Randjärv, Estonian lawyer and politician, 6th Estonian Minister of Culture
    • 1965 – Tim Munton, English cricketer
    • 1966 – Kerry Fox, New Zealand actress and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Craig Gannon, English guitarist and songwriter
    • 1966 – Allan Langer, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1966 – Louise Wener, English author and singer-songwriter
    • 1968 – Terry Crews, American football player and actor
    • 1968 – Robert Korzeniowski, Polish race walker and coach
    • 1968 – Sean Moore, Welsh drummer and songwriter
    • 1969 – Simon Baker, Australian actor, director, and producer
    • 1969 – Errol Stewart, South African cricketer and lawyer
    • 1970 – Alun Cairns, Welsh businessman and politician
    • 1970 – Dean Edwards, American comedian, actor, and singer
    • 1970 – Christopher Nolan, English-American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Elvis Crespo, American-Puerto Rican singer
    • 1971 – Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor
    • 1972 – Jim McIlvaine, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Kenton Cool, English mountaineer
    • 1973 – Ümit Davala, Turkish footballer and manager
    • 1973 – Anastasios Katsabis, Greek footballer
    • 1973 – Markus Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player and manager
    • 1973 – Sonu Nigam, Indian playback singer and actor
    • 1973 – Clementa C. Pinckney, American minister and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1974 – Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer and manager
    • 1974 – Jason Robinson, English rugby league footballer, and rugby union footballer and coach
    • 1974 – Hilary Swank, American actress and producer
    • 1975 – Graham Nicholls, English author and activist
    • 1975 – Kate Starbird, American basketball player and computer scientist
    • 1977 – Diana Bolocco, Chilean model and journalist;
    • 1977 – Misty May-Treanor, American volleyball player and coach
    • 1977 – Jaime Pressly, American actress
    • 1977 – Bootsy Thornton, American basketball player
    • 1977 – Ian Watkins, Welsh singer-songwriter and child abuse convict
    • 1979 – Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican basketball player and singer
    • 1979 – Chad Keegan, South African cricketer and coach
    • 1979 – Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer
    • 1979 – Maya Nasser, Syrian journalist (d. 2012)
    • 1980 – Seth Avett, American folk-rock singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1980 – Justin Rose, South African-English golfer
    • 1981 – Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer (d. 2017)
    • 1981 – Juan Smith, South African rugby union footballer
    • 1981 – Hope Solo, American soccer player
    • 1981 – Indrek Turi, Estonian decathlete
    • 1982 – Jehad Al-Hussain, Syrian footballer
    • 1982 – James Anderson, English cricketer
    • 1982 – Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress
    • 1983 – Seán Dillon, Irish footballer
    • 1984 – Marko Asmer, Estonian race car driver
    • 1984 – Gabrielle Christian, American actress and singer
    • 1984 – Trudy McIntosh, Australian artistic gymnast
    • 1984 – Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Chris Guccione, Australian tennis player
    • 1985 – Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
    • 1985 – Luca Lanotte, Italian ice dancer
    • 1985 – Matthew Scott, Australian rugby league player
    • 1986 – Tiago Alencar, Brazilian footballer
    • 1986 – William Zillman, Australian rugby league player
    • 1987 – Anton Fink, German footballer
    • 1987 – Sam Saunders, American golfer
    • 1988 – Wen Chean Lim, Malaysian rhythmic gymnast
    • 1989 – Aleix Espargaró, Spanish motorcycle racer
    • 1989 – Wayne Parnell, South African cricketer
    • 1990 – Chris Maxwell, Welsh footballer
    • 1991 – Diana Vickers, English singer-songwriter
    • 1992 – Hannah Cockroft, English wheelchair racer
    • 1993 – Jacob Faria, American baseball player
    • 1993 – André Gomes, Portuguese footballer
    • 1993 – Margarida Moura, Portuguese tennis player
    • 1994 – Nelydia Senrose, Malaysian actress
    • 1996 – Nina Stojanović, Serbian tennis player

    Deaths on July 30

    • 578 – Jacob Baradaeus, Greek bishop
    • 579 – Pope Benedict I
    • 734 – Tatwine, English archbishop (b. 670)
    • 829 – Shi Xiancheng, general of the Tang Dynasty
    • 1286 – Bar Hebraeus, Syrian scholar and historian (b. 1226)
    • 1393 – Alberto d’Este, Lord of Ferrara and Modena (b. 1347)
    • 1516 – Johann V of Nassau-Vianden-Dietz (b. 1455)
    • 1540 – Thomas Abel, English priest and martyr (b. 1497)
    • 1540 – Robert Barnes, English martyr and reformer (b. 1495)
    • 1550 – Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (b. 1505)
    • 1566 – Guillaume Rondelet, French doctor (b. 1507)
    • 1608 – Rory O’Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, last King of Tyrconnell (b. 1575)
    • 1624 – Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox, British nobleman (b. 1579)
    • 1652 – Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours (b. 1624)
    • 1680 – Thomas Butler, 6th Earl of Ossory, Irish admiral and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1634)
    • 1683 – Maria Theresa of Spain (b. 1638)
    • 1691 – Daniel Georg Morhof, German scholar and academic (b. 1639)
    • 1700 – Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, English royal (b. 1689)
    • 1718 – William Penn, English businessman and philosopher, founded the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
    • 1771 – Thomas Gray, English poet (b. 1716)
    • 1811 – Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Mexican priest and soldier (b. 1753)
    • 1832 – Lê Văn Duyệt, Vietnamese general, mandarin (b. 1763-4)
    • 1870 – Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, Norwegian poet and journalist (b. 1818)
    • 1875 – George Pickett, American general (b. 1825)
    • 1889 – Charlie Absolom, England cricketer (b. 1846)
    • 1898 – Otto von Bismarck, German lawyer and politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1815)
    • 1900 – Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
    • 1912 – Emperor Meiji of Japan (b. 1852)
    • 1918 – Joyce Kilmer, American soldier, journalist, and poet (b. 1886)
    • 1920 – Albert Gustaf Dahlman, Swedish executioner (b. 1848)
    • 1930 – Joan Gamper, Swiss-Spanish footballer and businessman, founded FC Barcelona (b. 1877)
    • 1938 – John Derbyshire, English swimmer and water polo player (b. 1878)
    • 1941 – Hugo Celmiņš, Latvian politician, former Prime Minister of Latvia (b. 1877)
    • 1947 – Joseph Cook, English-Australian miner and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
    • 1965 – Jun’ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese author and playwright (b. 1886)
    • 1970 – Walter Murdoch, Scottish-Australian academic (b. 1874)
    • 1970 – George Szell, Hungarian-American conductor and composer (b. 1897)
    • 1971 – Thomas Hollway, Australian politician, 36th Premier of Victoria (b. 1906)
    • 1975 – James Blish, American author and critic (b. 1921)
    • 1977 – Emory Holloway, American scholar, author, and educator (b. 1885)
    • 1983 – Howard Dietz, American songwriter and publicist (b. 1896)
    • 1983 – Lynn Fontanne, English actress (b. 1887)
    • 1985 – Julia Robinson, American mathematician and theorist (b. 1919)
    • 1989 – Lane Frost, American professional bull rider
    • 1990 – Ian Gow, British Member of Parliament who was assassinated by the IRA (b. 1937)
    • 1992 – Brenda Marshall, Filipino-American actress and singer (b. 1915)
    • 1992 – Joe Shuster, Canadian-American illustrator, co-created Superman (b. 1914)
    • 1996 – Claudette Colbert, French-American actress (b. 1903)
    • 1997 – Bảo Đại, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1913)
    • 1998 – Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (b. 1917)
    • 2001 – Anton Schwarzkopf, German engineer (b. 1924)
    • 2003 – Steve Hislop, Scottish motorcycle racer (b. 1962)
    • 2003 – Sam Phillips, American record producer, founded Sun Records (b. 1923)
    • 2005 – Ray Cunningham, American baseball player (b. 1905)
    • 2005 – John Garang, Sudanese colonel and politician, 6th President of South Sudan (b. 1945)
    • 2006 – Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist and author(b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Al Balding, Canadian golfer (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Murray Bookchin, American philosopher and author (b. 1921)
    • 2006 – Anthony Galla-Rini, American accordion player and composer (b. 1904)
    • 2006 – Akbar Mohammadi, Iranian activist (b. 1972)
    • 2007 – Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1912)
    • 2007 – Teoctist Arăpașu, Romanian patriarch (b. 1915)
    • 2007 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1918)
    • 2007 – Bill Walsh, American football player and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2008 – Anne Armstrong, American businesswoman and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (b. 1927)
    • 2009 – Mohammed Yusuf, Nigerian militant leader, founded Boko Haram (b. 1970)
    • 2009 – Peter Zadek, German director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2011 – Bob Peterson, American basketball player (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – Maeve Binchy, Irish author, playwright, and journalist (b. 1939)
    • 2012 – Bill Doss, American singer and guitarist (b. 1968)
    • 2012 – Stig Ossian Ericson, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Les Green, English footballer and manager (b. 1941)
    • 2012 – Jonathan Hardy, New Zealand-Australian actor and screenwriter (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – Bill Kitchen, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – Mary Louise Rasmuson, American colonel (b. 1911)
    • 2013 – Cecil Alexander, American architect, designed the State of Georgia Building (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Berthold Beitz, German businessman (b. 1913)
    • 2013 – Robert Neelly Bellah, American sociologist and author (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Harry F. Byrd Jr., American lieutenant, publisher, and politician (b. 1914)
    • 2013 – Antoni Ramallets, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Ossie Schectman, American basketball player (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Benjamin Walker, Indian-English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1913)
    • 2014 – Robert Drew, American director and producer (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Harun Farocki, German director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1944)
    • 2014 – Julio Grondona, Argentinian businessman (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Peter Hall, English geographer, author, and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Dick Smith, American make-up artist (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Dick Wagner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
    • 2015 – Lynn Anderson, American singer (b. 1947)
    • 2015 – Endel Lippmaa, Estonian physicist (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Francis Paul Prucha, American historian and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2015 – Alena Vrzáňová, Czech figure skater (b. 1931)
    • 2016 – Gloria DeHaven, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1925)
    • 2018 – Michael A. Sheehan, American author, former government official and military officer (b. 1955)

    Holidays and observances on July 30

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abdon and Sennen
      • Hatebrand
      • Maxima, Donatilla, and Secunda
      • Peter Chrysologus
      • Robert Barnes (Lutheran)
      • Rufinus of Assisi
      • Tatwine
      • Ursus of Auxerre
      • Solanus Casey
      • July 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Feast of the Throne (Morocco)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Vanuatu from the United Kingdom and France in 1980.
    • International Day of Friendship (international), and its related observances:
      • Día del Amigo (Paraguay)
    • Martyrs Day (South Sudan)

  • July 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
    • 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.
    • 1202 – Georgian–Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the Kingdom of Georgia defeats the Sultanate of Rum.
    • 1214 – Battle of Bouvines: Philip II of France decisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England’s Angevin Empire.
    • 1299 – According to Edward Gibbon, Osman I invades the territory of Nicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding day of the Ottoman state.
    • 1302 – Battle of Bapheus: Decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.
    • 1549 – The Jesuit priest Francis Xavier’s ship reaches Japan.
    • 1663 – The English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports. After the Acts of Union 1707, Scotland would be included in the Act.
    • 1689 – Glorious Revolution: The Battle of Killiecrankie is a victory for the Jacobites.
    • 1694 – A Royal charter is granted to the Bank of England.
    • 1775 – Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passes legislation establishing “an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men.”
    • 1778 – American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant: British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
    • 1789 – The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).
    • 1794 – French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 “enemies of the Revolution”.
    • 1816 – Battle of Negro Fort: The battle ends when a hot shot cannonball fired by US Navy Gunboat No. 154 explodes the Fort’s Powder Magazine, killing approximately 275. It is considered the deadliest single cannon shot in US history.
    • 1857 – Siege of Arrah begins: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
    • 1865 – Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
    • 1866 – The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart’s Content, Newfoundland.
    • 1880 – Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand: Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khan defeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
    • 1890 – Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.
    • 1900 – Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, “Hun” would be a disparaging name for Germans.
    • 1917 – World War I: The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.
    • 1919 – The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.
    • 1921 – Researchers at the University of Toronto, led by biochemist Frederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.
    • 1929 – The Geneva Convention of 1929, dealing with treatment of prisoners-of-war, is signed by 53 nations.
    • 1940 – The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.
    • 1942 – World War II: Allied forces successfully halt the final Axis advance into Egypt.
    • 1949 – Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
    • 1953 – Cessation of hostilities is achieved in the Korean War when the United States, China, and North Korea sign an armistice agreement. Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea, refuses to sign but pledges to observe the armistice.
    • 1955 – The Austrian State Treaty restores Austrian sovereignty.
    • 1955 – El Al Flight 402 is shot down by two fighter jets after straying into Bulgarian air space. All 58 people onboard are killed.
    • 1959 – The Continental League is announced as baseball’s “3rd major league” in the United States.
    • 1964 – Vietnam War: Five thousand more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
    • 1974 – Watergate scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment (for obstruction of justice) against President Richard Nixon.
    • 1975 – Mayor of Jaffna and former MP Alfred Duraiappah is shot dead.
    • 1976 – Former Japanese prime minister Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws in connection with the Lockheed bribery scandals.
    • 1981 – While landing at Chihuahua International Airport, Aeromexico Flight 230 overshoots the runway. Thirty-two of the 66 passengers and crew on board the DC-9 are killed.[2]
    • 1983 – Black July: Eighteen Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by Sinhalese prisoners, the second such massacre in two days.
    • 1987 – RMS Titanic Inc. begins the first expedited salvage of wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
    • 1989 – While attempting to land at Tripoli International Airport in Libya, Korean Air Flight 803 crashes just short of the runway. Seventy-five of the 199 passengers and crew and four people on the ground are killed, in the second accident involving a DC-10 in less than two weeks, the first being United Airlines Flight 232.
    • 1990 – The Supreme Soviet of the Belarusian Soviet Republic declares independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union. Until 1996 the day is celebrated as the Independence Day of Belarus; after a referendum held that year the celebration of independence is moved to June 3.
    • 1990 – The Jamaat al Muslimeen attempt a coup d’état in Trinidad and Tobago.
    • 1995 – The Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
    • 1996 – In Atlanta, United States, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics.
    • 1997 – About 50 people are killed in the Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria.
    • 2002 – Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 77 and injuring more than 500 others, making it the deadliest air show disaster in history.
    • 2005 – After an incident during STS-114, NASA grounds the Space Shuttle, pending an investigation of the continuing problem with the shedding of foam insulation from the external fuel tank.
    • 2015 – At least seven people are killed and many injured after gunmen attack an Indian police station in Punjab.
    • 2016 – At a news conference in Florida, U.S. Presidential Candidate Donald Trump publicly appealed to Russia to find and release private emails from Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton; a Special Counsel investigation (2017–2019) later alleged that Russian operatives began hacking into servers at the Democratic National Committee on that same day, leading to the July 13, 2018 indictment of 12 Russian intelligence officers.[3]

    Births on July 27

    • 1452 – Ludovico Sforza, Italian son of Francesco I Sforza (d. 1508)
    • 1452 – Lucrezia Crivelli, mistress of Ludovico Sforza (d. 1508)
    • 1502 – Francesco Corteccia, Italian composer (d. 1571)
    • 1578 – Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond (d. 1639)
    • 1612 – Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1640)
    • 1625 – Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich (d. 1672)
    • 1667 – Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and academic (d. 1748)
    • 1733 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (d. 1779)
    • 1740 – Jeanne Baré, French explorer (d. 1803)
    • 1741 – François-Hippolyte Barthélémon, French-English violinist and composer (d. 1808)
    • 1752 – Samuel Smith, American general and politician (d. 1839)
    • 1768 – Charlotte Corday, French assassin of Jean-Paul Marat (d. 1793)
    • 1768 – Joseph Anton Koch, Austrian painter (d. 1839)
    • 1773 – Jacob Aall, Norwegian economist and politician (d. 1844)
    • 1777 – Thomas Campbell, Scottish-French poet and academic (d. 1844)
    • 1777 – Henry Trevor, 21st Baron Dacre, English general (d. 1853)
    • 1781 – Mauro Giuliani, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1828)
    • 1784 – Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (d. 1839)
    • 1812 – Thomas Lanier Clingman, American general and politician (d. 1897)
    • 1818 – Agostino Roscelli, Italian priest and saint (d. 1902)
    • 1824 – Alexandre Dumas, fils, French novelist and playwright (d. 1895)
    • 1833 – Thomas George Bonney, English geologist, mountaineer, and academic (d. 1923)
    • 1834 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian admiral (d. 1879)
    • 1835 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian poet and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
    • 1848 – Loránd Eötvös, Hungarian physicist and politician, Minister of Education of Hungary (d. 1919)
    • 1848 – Friedrich Ernst Dorn, German physicist (d.1916)
    • 1853 – Vladimir Korolenko, Ukrainian journalist, author, and activist (d. 1921)
    • 1853 – Elizabeth Plankinton, American philanthropist (d. 1923)
    • 1854 – Takahashi Korekiyo, Japanese accountant and politician, 20th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1936)
    • 1857 – José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican physician, sociologist, and politician (d. 1921)
    • 1857 – Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge, English Egyptologist, Orientalist, and philologist (d.1934)
    • 1858 – George Lyon, Canadian golfer and cricketer (d. 1938)
    • 1866 – António José de Almeida, Portuguese physician and politician, 6th President of Portugal (d. 1929)
    • 1867 – Enrique Granados, Spanish pianist and composer (d. 1916)
    • 1870 – Hilaire Belloc, French-born British writer and historian (d. 1953)
    • 1872 – Stanislav Binički, Serbian composer, conductor, and pedagogue. (d. 1942)
    • 1879 – Francesco Gaeta, Italian poet (d. 1927)
    • 1877 – Ernő Dohnányi, Hungarian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1960)
    • 1881 – Hans Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1945)
    • 1882 – Geoffrey de Havilland, English pilot and engineer, founded the de Havilland Aircraft Company (d. 1965)
    • 1886 – Ernst May, German architect and urban planner (d. 1970)
    • 1889 – Vera Karalli, Russian ballerina, choreographer, and actress (d. 1972)
    • 1890 – Benjamin Miessner, American radio engineer and inventor (d. 1976)
    • 1890 – Armas Taipale, Finnish discus thrower and shot putter (d. 1976)
    • 1891 – Jacob van der Hoeden, Dutch-Israeli veterinarian and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1893 – Ugo Agostoni, Italian cyclist (d. 1941)
    • 1894 – Mientje Kling, Dutch actress (d. 1966)
    • 1896 – Robert George, Scottish air marshal and politician, 24th Governor of South Australia (d. 1967)
    • 1896 – Henri Longchambon, French lawyer and politician (d. 1969)
    • 1899 – Percy Hornibrook, Australian cricketer (d. 1976)
    • 1902 – Yaroslav Halan, Ukrainian playwright and publicist (d. 1949)
    • 1903 – Nikolay Cherkasov, Russian actor (d. 1966)
    • 1903 – Michail Stasinopoulos, Greek jurist and politician, President of Greece (d. 2002)
    • 1903 – Mārtiņš Zīverts, Latvian playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1904 – Lyudmila Rudenko, Soviet chess player (d. 1986)
    • 1905 – Leo Durocher, American baseball player and manager (d. 1991)
    • 1906 – Jerzy Giedroyc, Polish author and activist (d. 2000)
    • 1906 – Herbert Jasper, Canadian psychologist and neurologist (d. 1999)
    • 1907 – Ross Alexander, American stage and film actor (d. 1937)
    • 1907 – Carl McClellan Hill, African American educator and academic administrator (d. 1995)
    • 1907 – Irene Fischer, Austrian-American geodesist and mathematician (d. 2009)
    • 1908 – Joseph Mitchell, American journalist and author (d. 1996)
    • 1910 – Julien Gracq, French author and critic (d. 2007)
    • 1910 – Lupita Tovar, Mexican-American actress (d. 2016)
    • 1911 – Rayner Heppenstall, English author and poet (d. 1981)
    • 1912 – Vernon Elliott, English bassoon player, composer, and conductor (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – George L. Street III, American captain, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2000)
    • 1914 – August Sang, Estonian poet and translator (d. 1969)
    • 1915 – Mario Del Monaco, Italian tenor (d. 1982)
    • 1915 – Josef Priller, German colonel and pilot (d. 1961)
    • 1916 – Elizabeth Hardwick, American literary critic, novelist, and short story writer (d. 2007)
    • 1916 – Skippy Williams, American saxophonist and arranger (d. 1994)
    • 1916 – Keenan Wynn, American actor (d. 1986)
    • 1918 – Leonard Rose, American cellist and educator (d. 1984)
    • 1920 – Henry D. “Homer” Haynes, American comedian and musician (Homer and Jethro) (d. 1971)
    • 1921 – Garry Davis, American pilot and activist, created the World Passport (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Émile Genest, Canadian-American actor (d. 2003)
    • 1922 – Adolfo Celi, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1922 – Norman Lear, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1923 – Mas Oyama, South Korean-Japanese martial artist (d. 1994)
    • 1924 – Vincent Canby, American historian and critic (d. 2000)
    • 1924 – Otar Taktakishvili, Georgian composer and conductor (d. 1989)
    • 1927 – Guy Carawan, American singer and musicologist (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Pierre Granier-Deferre, French director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Will Jordan, American comedian and actor (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – C. Rajadurai, Sri Lankan journalist and politician, 1st Mayor of Batticaloa
    • 1927 – John Seigenthaler, American journalist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1928 – Joseph Kittinger, American colonel and pilot
    • 1929 – Jean Baudrillard, French sociologist and philosopher (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1929 – Jack Higgins, English author and academic
    • 1929 – Marc Wilkinson, French-Australian composer and conductor
    • 1930 – Joy Whitby, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1930 – Shirley Williams, English academic and politician, Secretary of State for Education
    • 1931 – Khieu Samphan, Cambodian academic and politician, 28th Prime Minister of Cambodia
    • 1931 – Jerry Van Dyke, American actor (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Forest Able, American basketball player
    • 1932 – Diane Webber, American model, dancer and actress
    • 1933 – Nick Reynolds, American singer and bongo player (d. 2008)
    • 1933 – Ted Whitten, Australian footballer and journalist (d. 1995)
    • 1935 – Hillar Kärner, Estonian chess player
    • 1935 – Billy McCullough, Northern Irish footballer
    • 1936 – J. Robert Hooper, American businessman and politician (d. 2008)
    • 1937 – Anna Dawson, English actress and singer
    • 1937 – Don Galloway, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1937 – Robert Holmes à Court, South African-Australian businessman and lawyer (d. 1990)
    • 1938 – Gary Gygax, American game designer, co-created Dungeons & Dragons (d. 2008)
    • 1939 – William Eggleston, American photographer and academic
    • 1939 – Michael Longley, Northern Irish poet and academic
    • 1939 – Paulo Silvino, Brazilian comedian, composer and actor (d. 2017)
    • 1940 – Pina Bausch, German dancer and choreographer (d. 2009)
    • 1941 – Christian Boesch, Austrian opera singer
    • 1941 – Johannes Fritsch, German viola player and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1942 – Édith Butler, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1942 – John Pleshette, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1942 – Dennis Ralston, American tennis player
    • 1943 – Jeremy Greenstock, English diplomat, British Ambassador to the United Nations
    • 1944 – Bobbie Gentry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1944 – Jean-Marie Leblanc, French cyclist and journalist
    • 1944 – Barbara Thomson, English saxophonist and composer
    • 1945 – Edmund M. Clarke, American computer scientist
    • 1946 – Peter Reading, English poet and author (d. 2011)
    • 1947 – Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese businessman (d. 2008)
    • 1947 – Betty Thomas, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1948 – Peggy Fleming, American figure skater and sportscaster
    • 1948 – James Munby, English lawyer and judge
    • 1948 – Henny Vrienten, Dutch singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1949 – Maury Chaykin, American-Canadian actor (d. 2010)
    • 1949 – André Dupont, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1949 – Rory MacDonald, Scottish singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1949 – Maureen McGovern, American singer and actress
    • 1949 – Robert Rankin, English author and illustrator
    • 1950 – Simon Jones, English actor
    • 1951 – Roseanna Cunningham, Scottish lawyer and politician, Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs
    • 1951 – Bob Diamond, American-English banker and businessman
    • 1951 – Rolf Thung, Dutch tennis player
    • 1952 – Marvin Barnes, American basketball player (d. 2014)
    • 1952 – Roxanne Hart, American actress
    • 1953 – Chung Dong-young, South Korean journalist and politician, 31st South Korean Minister of Unification
    • 1953 – Yahoo Serious, Australian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Philippe Alliot, French race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1954 – G. S. Bali, Indian lawyer and politician
    • 1954 – Ricardo Uceda, Peruvian journalist and author
    • 1954 – Mark Stanway, English keyboard player Magnum
    • 1955 – Cat Bauer, American journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1955 – Allan Border, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1955 – John Howell, English journalist and politician
    • 1955 – Bobby Rondinelli, American drummer
    • 1956 – Carol Leifer, American actress, comedian, screenwriter, and producer
    • 1957 – Bill Engvall, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1958 – Christopher Dean, English figure skater and choreographer
    • 1958 – Kimmo Hakola, Finnish composer
    • 1959 – Joe DeSa, American baseball player (d. 1986)
    • 1959 – Hugh Green, American football player
    • 1959 – Yiannos Papantoniou, French-Greek economist and politician, Greek Minister of National Defence
    • 1960 – Jo Durie, English tennis player and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Conway Savage, Australian singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2018)
    • 1960 – Emily Thornberry, English lawyer and politician
    • 1961 – Ed Orgeron, American football coach[4]
    • 1962 – Neil Brooks, Australian swimmer
    • 1962 – Karl Mueller, American bass player (d. 2005)
    • 1963 – Donnie Yen, Chinese-Hong Kong actor, director, producer, and martial artist
    • 1964 – Rex Brown, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1965 – José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan footballer
    • 1966 – Steve Tilson, English footballer and manager
    • 1967 – Rahul Bose, Indian journalist, actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Juliana Hatfield, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1967 – Hans Mathisen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
    • 1967 – Neil Smith, English cricketer
    • 1967 – Craig Wolanin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1968 – Maria Grazia Cucinotta, Italian actress and producer
    • 1968 – Tom Goodwin, American baseball player and coach
    • 1968 – Sabina Jeschke, Swedish-German engineer and academic
    • 1968 – Julian McMahon, Australian actor and producer
    • 1968 – Ricardo Rosset, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1969 – Triple H, American wrestler and actor
    • 1969 – Jonty Rhodes, South African cricketer and coach
    • 1970 – Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Danish actor and producer
    • 1970 – David Davies, English-Welsh politician
    • 1971 – Matthew Johns, Australian rugby league player, sportscaster and television host
    • 1972 – Clint Robinson, Australian kayaker[5]
    • 1972 – Maya Rudolph, American actress
    • 1972 – Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysian surgeon and astronaut
    • 1973 – Cassandra Clare, American journalist and author
    • 1973 – Erik Nys, Belgian long jumper
    • 1973 – Gorden Tallis, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1974 – Eason Chan, Hong Kong singer, actor, and producer
    • 1974 – Pete Yorn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Serkan Çeliköz, Turkish keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1975 – Shea Hillenbrand, American baseball player
    • 1975 – Fred Mascherino, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Alessandro Pistone, Italian footballer
    • 1975 – Alex Rodriguez, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Demis Hassabis, English computer scientist and academic
    • 1976 – Scott Mason, Australian cricketer (d. 2005)
    • 1977 – Foo Swee Chin, Singaporean illustrator
    • 1977 – Björn Dreyer, German footballer
    • 1977 – Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Irish actor
    • 1978 – Diarmuid O’Sullivan, Irish hurler and manager
    • 1979 – Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician, feminist, and human rights activist (d. 2018)
    • 1979 – Jorge Arce, Mexican boxer
    • 1979 – Sidney Govou, French footballer
    • 1979 – Shannon Moore, American wrestler and singer
    • 1980 – Allan Davis, Australian cyclist
    • 1980 – Wesley Gonzales, Filipino basketball player
    • 1981 – Susan King Borchardt, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Collins Obuya, Kenyan cricketer
    • 1981 – Dash Snow, American painter and photographer (d. 2009)
    • 1981 – Christopher Weselek, German rugby player
    • 1982 – Neil Harbisson, English-Catalan painter, composer, and activist
    • 1983 – Lorik Cana, Albanian footballer
    • 1983 – Martijn Maaskant, Dutch cyclist
    • 1983 – Goran Pandev, Macedonian footballer
    • 1983 – Soccor Velho, Indian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1984 – Antoine Bethea, American football player
    • 1984 – Tsuyoshi Nishioka, Japanese baseball player
    • 1984 – Max Scherzer, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Taylor Schilling, American actress
    • 1984 – Kenny Wormald, American actor, dancer, and choreographer
    • 1985 – Husain Abdullah, American football player
    • 1985 – Matteo Pratichetti, Italian rugby player
    • 1985 – Ajmal Shahzad, English cricketer
    • 1986 – DeMarre Carroll, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Ryan Flaherty, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Ryan Griffen, Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Jacoby Ford, American football player
    • 1987 – Marek Hamšík, Slovak footballer
    • 1987 – Jordan Hill, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Sarah Parsons, American ice hockey player
    • 1988 – Adam Biddle, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Yoervis Medina, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1988 – Ryan Tannehill, American football player
    • 1989 – Maya Ali, Pakistani actress
    • 1990 – Nick Hogan, American race car driver and actor
    • 1990 – Paolo Hurtado, Peruvian footballer
    • 1990 – Cheyenne Kimball, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1990 – Stephen Li-Chung Kuo, Taiwanese-American figure skater
    • 1990 – Kriti Sanon, Indian actress
    • 1991 – Rena Matsui, Japanese actress and singer
    • 1993 – Reagan Campbell-Gillard, Australian rugby league player
    • 1993 – Max Power, English footballer
    • 1993 – Jordan Spieth, American golfer
    • 2001 – Shin Ki-joon, South Korean actor

    Deaths on July 27

    • 903 – Abdallah II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir
    • 959 – Chai Rong, emperor of Later Zhou
    • 1144 – Salomea of Berg, High Duchess consort of Poland[6]
    • 1061 – Nicholas II, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 1101 – Conrad II, king of Italy (b. 1074)
    • 1101 – Hugh d’Avranches, Earl of Chester (b. c. 1047)
    • 1158 – Geoffrey VI, Count of Anjou (b. 1134)
    • 1276 – James I of Aragon (b. 1208)
    • 1365 – Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (b. 1339)
    • 1382 – Joanna I of Naples (b. 1326)
    • 1510 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian condottiere (b. 1466)
    • 1469 – William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (b. 1423)
    • 1656 – Salomo Glassius, German theologian and critic (b. 1593)
    • 1675 – Henri de la Tour d’Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, French general (b. 1611)
    • 1689 – John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee, Scottish general (b. c. 1648)[7]
    • 1759 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1698)
    • 1770 – Robert Dinwiddie, Scottish merchant and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1693)
    • 1841 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian poet and painter (b. 1814)
    • 1844 – John Dalton, English physicist, meteorologist, and chemist (b. 1776)
    • 1863 – William Lowndes Yancey, American journalist and politician (b. 1813)
    • 1865 – Jean-Joseph Dassy, French painter and lithographer (b. 1791)
    • 1875 – Aleksander Kunileid, Estonian composer and educator (b. 1845)
    • 1876 – Albertus van Raalte, Dutch-born American minister and author (b. 1811)
    • 1883 – Montgomery Blair, American lieutenant and politician, 20th United States Postmaster General (b. 1813)
    • 1916 – Charles Fryatt, English captain (b. 1872)
    • 1916 – William Jonas, English footballer (d. 1890)
    • 1917 – Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1841)
    • 1921 – Myrddin Fardd, Welsh writer and antiquarian scholar (b. 1836)
    • 1924 – Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1866)
    • 1931 – Auguste Forel, Swiss neuroanatomist and psychiatrist (b. 1848)
    • 1938 – Tom Crean, Irish seaman and explorer (b. 1877)
    • 1941 – Alfred Henry O’Keeffe, New Zealand painter and educator (b. 1858)
    • 1942 – Karl Pärsimägi, Estonian painter (b. 1902)
    • 1946 – Gertrude Stein, American novelist, poet, and playwright (b. 1874)
    • 1948 – Woolf Barnato, English race car driver and businessman (b. 1898)
    • 1948 – Joe Tinker, American baseball player and manager (b. 1880)
    • 1948 – Dorothea Bleek, South African anthropologist and philologist (b. 1873)
    • 1951 – Paul Kogerman, Estonian chemist and politician, 22nd Estonian Minister of Education (b. 1891)
    • 1958 – Claire Lee Chennault, American general and pilot (b. 1893)
    • 1960 – Julie Vinter Hansen, Danish-Swiss astronomer and academic (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – Richard Aldington, English poet and author (b. 1892)
    • 1962 – James H. Kindelberger, American pilot and businessman (b. 1895)
    • 1963 – Hooks Dauss, American baseball player (b. 1889)
    • 1963 – Garrett Morgan, African-American inventor (b. 1877)
    • 1964 – Winifred Lenihan, American actress, writer, and director (b. 1898)
    • 1965 – Daniel-Rops, French historian and author (b. 1901)
    • 1968 – Babe Adams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1882)
    • 1970 – António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese economist and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1889)
    • 1971 – Charlie Tully, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1924)
    • 1975 – Alfred Duraiappah, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (d. 1926)
    • 1978 – Bob Heffron, New Zealand-Australian miner and politician, 30th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1890)
    • 1978 – Willem van Otterloo, Dutch cellist, composer, and conductor (b. 1907)
    • 1980 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Iranian king (b. 1919)
    • 1981 – William Wyler, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1902)
    • 1984 – James Mason, English actor (b. 1909)
    • 1985 – Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball player and coach (b. 1889)
    • 1987 – Travis Jackson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1903)
    • 1988 – Frank Zamboni, American inventor and businessman, founded the Zamboni Company (b. 1901)
    • 1990 – Bobby Day, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1928)
    • 1990 – René Toribio, Guadeloupean politician (b. 1912)
    • 1991 – John Friedrich, German-Australian engineer and conman (b. 1950)
    • 1992 – Max Dupain, Australian photographer and educator (b. 1911)
    • 1992 – Tzeni Karezi, Greek actress and screenwriter
    • 1993 – Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (b. 1965)
    • 1994 – Kevin Carter, South African photographer and journalist (b. 1960)
    • 1995 – Melih Esenbel, Turkish politician and diplomat, 20th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1915)
    • 1995 – Rick Ferrell, American baseball player and coach (b. 1905)
    • 1995 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian-American composer and conductor (b. 1907)
    • 1998 – Binnie Barnes, English-American actress (b. 1903)
    • 1999 – Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov, Russian mathematician, physicist, and mountaineer (b. 1912)
    • 1999 – Harry Edison, American trumpet player (b. 1915)
    • 2000 – Gordon Solie, American sportscaster (b. 1929)
    • 2001 – Rhonda Sing, Canadian wrestler (b. 1961)
    • 2001 – Leon Wilkeson, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1952)
    • 2003 – Vance Hartke, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (b. 1919)
    • 2003 – Bob Hope, English-American actor, comedian, television personality, and businessman (b. 1903)
    • 2005 – Al Held, American painter and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2005 – Marten Toonder, Dutch author and illustrator (b. 1912)
    • 2006 – Maryann Mahaffey, American academic and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2007 – James Oyebola, Nigerian-English boxer (b. 1961)
    • 2008 – Youssef Chahine, Egyptian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2008 – Horst Stein, German-born Swiss conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2008 – Isaac Saba Raffoul, Mexican businessman (b. 1923)
    • 2010 – Maury Chaykin, American-Canadian actor (b. 1949)
    • 2010 – Jack Tatum, American football player (b. 1948)
    • 2012 – Norman Alden, American actor (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – R. G. Armstrong, American actor and playwright (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Darryl Cotton, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1949)
    • 2012 – Geoffrey Hughes, English actor (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Tony Martin, American actor and singer (b. 1913)
    • 2012 – Jack Taylor, English footballer and referee (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Fernando Alonso, Cuban dancer, co-founded the Cuban National Ballet (b. 1914)
    • 2013 – Lindy Boggs, American politician and diplomat, 5th United States Ambassador to the Holy See (b. 1916)
    • 2013 – Bud Day, American colonel and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Kidd Kraddick, American radio host (b. 1959)
    • 2013 – Ilya Segalovich, Russian businessman, co-founded Yandex (b. 1964)
    • 2014 – Richard Bolt, New Zealand air marshal and pilot (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – George Freese, American baseball player and coach (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Francesco Marchisano, Italian cardinal (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Paul Schell, American lawyer and politician, 50th Mayor of Seattle (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Rickey Grundy, American singer-songwriter (b. 1959)
    • 2015 – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Indian engineer, academic, and politician, 11th President of India (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Samuel Pisar, Polish-born American lawyer and author (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Anthony Shaw, English general (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer (b.1928)[8]
    • 2016 – James Alan McPherson, American short story writer and essayist (b. 1943)[9]
    • 2016 – Jerry Doyle, American actor and talk show host (b. 1956)[10]
    • 2016 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician and naval officer, Minister of Defence (1963–67), Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1967–71) (b. 1915)[11]
    • 2017 – Sam Shepard, American playwright, actor, author, screenwriter, and director (b.1943)[12]
    • 2018 – Marco Aurelio Denegri, Peruvian literature critic, television host and sexologist[13]
    • 2018 – Rahim Uddin Bharosha, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1934)

    Holidays and observances on July 27

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arethas (Western Christianity)
      • Aurelius and Natalia and companions of the Martyrs of Córdoba.
      • Maurus, Pantalemon, and Sergius
      • Pantaleon
      • Seven Sleepers of Ephesus (Roman Martyrology)
        • National Sleepy Head Day (Finland)
      • Theobald of Marly
      • Blessed Titus Brandsma, O.Carm.
      • July 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of Victory in the Great Fatherland Liberation War (North Korea)
    • Iglesia ni Cristo Day (the Philippines)
    • José Celso Barbosa Day (Puerto Rico)
    • Martyrs and Wounded Soldiers Day (Vietnam)
    • National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day (United States)

  • July 25 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops.
    • 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I’s victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge.
    • 677 – Climax of the Siege of Thessalonica by the Slavs in a three-day assault on the city walls.
    • 864 – The Edict of Pistres of Charles the Bald orders defensive measures against the Vikings.
    • 1137 – Eleanor of Aquitaine marries Prince Louis, later King Louis VII of France, at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux.
    • 1139 – Battle of Ourique: The Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques who is proclaimed King of Portugal.
    • 1261 – The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.
    • 1278 – The naval Battle of Algeciras takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista resulting in a victory for the Emirate of Granada and the Maranid Dynasty over the Kingdom of Castile.
    • 1467 – The Battle of Molinella: The first battle in Italy in which firearms are used extensively.
    • 1536 – Sebastián de Belalcázar on his search of El Dorado founds the city of Santiago de Cali.
    • 1538 – The city of Guayaquil is founded by the Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Orellana and given the name Muy Noble y Muy Leal Ciudad de Santiago de Guayaquil.
    • 1547 – Henry II of France is crowned.
    • 1554 – Mary I marries Philip II of Spain at Winchester Cathedral.
    • 1567 – Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela.
    • 1593 – Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism.
    • 1603 – James VI of Scotland is crowned king of England (James I of England), bringing the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland into personal union. Political union would occur in 1707.
    • 1609 – The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there.
    • 1693 – Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Mexico.
    • 1722 – Dummer’s War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border.
    • 1755 – British governor Charles Lawrence and the Nova Scotia Council order the deportation of the Acadians.
    • 1759 – French and Indian War: In Western New York, British forces capture Fort Niagara from the French, who subsequently abandon Fort Rouillé.
    • 1783 – American Revolutionary War: The war’s last action, the Siege of Cuddalore, is ended by a preliminary peace agreement.
    • 1788 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550).
    • 1792 – The Brunswick Manifesto is issued to the population of Paris promising vengeance if the French royal family is harmed.
    • 1797 – Horatio Nelson loses more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife (Spain).
    • 1799 – At Abu Qir in Egypt, Napoleon I of France defeats 10,000 Ottomans under Mustafa Pasha.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: An American attack on Canada is repulsed.
    • 1824 – Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from Nicaragua.
    • 1837 – The first commercial use of an electrical telegraph is successfully demonstrated in London by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone.
    • 1853 – Joaquin Murrieta, the famous Californio bandit known as the “Robin Hood of El Dorado”, is killed.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden–Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
    • 1866 – The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
    • 1868 – The Wyoming Territory is established.
    • 1869 – The Japanese daimyōs begin returning their land holdings to the emperor as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese Date: June 17, 1869).
    • 1894 – The First Sino-Japanese War begins when the Japanese fire upon a Chinese warship.
    • 1898 – In the Puerto Rican Campaign, the United States seizes Puerto Rico from Spain.
    • 1908 – Ajinomoto is founded. Kikunae Ikeda of the Tokyo Imperial University discovers that a key ingredient in kombu soup stock is monosodium glutamate (MSG), and patents a process for manufacturing it.
    • 1909 – Louis Blériot makes the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine from Calais to Dover, England, United Kingdom in 37 minutes.
    • 1915 – RFC Captain Lanoe Hawker becomes the first British pursuit aviator to earn the Victoria Cross.
    • 1917 – Sir Robert Borden introduces the first income tax in Canada as a “temporary” measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%).
    • 1925 – Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
    • 1934 – The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt.
    • 1940 – General Henri Guisan orders the Swiss Army to resist German invasion and makes surrender illegal.
    • 1942 – The Norwegian Manifesto calls for nonviolent resistance to the German occupation.
    • 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by the Grand Council of Fascism and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
    • 1944 – World War II: Operation Spring is one of the bloodiest days for the First Canadian Army during the war.
    • 1946 – Nuclear weapons testing: Operation Crossroads: An atomic bomb is detonated underwater in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll.
    • 1956 – Forty-five miles south of Nantucket Island, the Italian ocean liner SS Andrea Doria collides with the MS Stockholm in heavy fog and sinks the next day, killing 51.
    • 1957 – The Republic of Tunisia is proclaimed, under President Habib Bourguiba.
    • 1958 – The African Regroupment Party (PRA) holds its first congress in Cotonou.
    • 1961 – Cold War: In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO.
    • 1965 – Bob Dylan goes electric at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.
    • 1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the “Vietnamization” of the war.
    • 1973 – Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched.
    • 1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 takes the famous Face on Mars photo.
    • 1978 – Puerto Rican police shoot two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders.
    • 1978 – Birth of Louise Joy Brown, the first human to have been born after conception by in vitro fertilisation, or IVF.
    • 1979 – Another section of the Sinai Peninsula is peacefully returned by Israel to Egypt.
    • 1983 – Black July: Thirty-seven Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by the fellow Sinhalese prisoners.
    • 1984 – Salyut 7 cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya becomes the first woman to perform a space walk.
    • 1993 – Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War.
    • 1993 – The Saint James Church massacre occurs in Kenilworth, Cape Town, South Africa.
    • 1994 – Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948.
    • 1995 – A gas bottle explodes in Saint Michel station of line B of the RER (Paris regional train network). Eight are killed and 80 wounded.
    • 1996 – In a military coup in Burundi, Pierre Buyoya deposes Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
    • 2000 – Concorde Air France Flight 4590 crashes at Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, killing 113 people.
    • 2007 – Pratibha Patil is sworn in as India’s first female president.
    • 2010 – WikiLeaks publishes classified documents about the War in Afghanistan, one of the largest leaks in U.S. military history.
    • 2018 – As-Suwayda attacks: Coordinated attacks occur in Syria.
    • 2019 – National extreme heat records set this day in the UK, Belgium and Germany during the July 2019 European heatwave.

    Births on July 25

    • 975 – Thietmar, bishop of Merseburg (d. 1018)
    • 1016 – Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland (d. 1058)
    • 1109 – Afonso I, king of Portugal (d. 1185)
    • 1165 – Ibn Arabi, Andalusian Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher (d. 1240)
    • 1261 – Arthur II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1312)
    • 1291 – Hawys Gadarn, Welsh noblewoman (d. 1353)
    • 1336 – Albert I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1404)
    • 1394 – James I, king of Scotland (d. 1437)
    • 1404 – Philip I, Duke of Brabant (d. 1430)
    • 1421 – Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (d. 1461)
    • 1450 – Jakob Wimpfeling, Renaissance humanist (d. 1528)
    • 1486 – Albrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1547)
    • 1498 – Hernando de Aragón, Archbishop of Zaragoza (d. 1575)
    • 1532 – Alphonsus Rodriguez, Jesuit lay brother and saint (d. 1617)
    • 1556 – George Peele, English translator, poet, and dramatist (d. 1596)
    • 1562 – Katō Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord (d. 1611)
    • 1573 – Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer and Jesuit (d. 1650)
    • 1581 – Brian Twyne, English archivist (d. 1644)
    • 1605 – Theodore Haak, German scholar (d. 1690)
    • 1633 – Joseph Williamson, English politician (d. 1701)
    • 1654 – Agostino Steffani, Italian composer and diplomat (d. 1728)
    • 1657 – Philipp Heinrich Erlebach, German composer (d. 1714)
    • 1658 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish general (d. 1703)
    • 1683 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch playwright and poet (d. 1756)
    • 1750 – Henry Knox, American general and politician, 1st United States Secretary of War (d. 1806)
    • 1753 – Santiago de Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French-Spanish captain and politician, 10th Viceroy of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (d. 1810)
    • 1797 – Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1889)
    • 1806 – Maria Weston Chapman, American abolitionist (d. 1885)
    • 1839 – Francis Garnier, French captain and explorer (d. 1873)
    • 1844 – Thomas Eakins, American painter, sculptor, and photographer (d. 1916)
    • 1847 – Paul Langerhans, German pathologist, physiologist and biologist (d. 1888)
    • 1848 – Arthur Balfour, Scottish-English lieutenant and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1930)
    • 1857 – Frank J. Sprague, American naval officer and inventor (d. 1934)
    • 1865 – Jac. P. Thijsse, Dutch botanist and conservationist (d. 1945)
    • 1866 – Frederick Blackman, English physiologist and academic (d. 1947)
    • 1867 – Max Dauthendey, German author and painter (d. 1918)
    • 1867 – Alexander Rummler, American painter (d. 1959)
    • 1869 – Platon, Estonian bishop and saint (d. 1919)
    • 1870 – Maxfield Parrish, American painter and illustrator (d. 1966)
    • 1875 – Jim Corbett, Indian hunter, environmentalist, and author (d. 1955)
    • 1878 – Masaharu Anesaki, Japanese philosopher and scholar (d. 1949)
    • 1882 – George S. Rentz, American commander (d. 1942)
    • 1883 – Alfredo Casella, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1947)
    • 1886 – Edward Cummins, American golfer (d. 1926)
    • 1894 – Walter Brennan, American actor (d. 1974)
    • 1894 – Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian Serb revolutionary (d. 1918)
    • 1895 – Ingeborg Spangsfeldt, Danish actress (d. 1968)
    • 1896 – Jack Perrin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1967)
    • 1896 – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (d. 1952)
    • 1901 – Ruth Krauss, American author and poet (d. 1993)
    • 1901 – Mohammed Helmy, Egyptian physician and Righteous Among the Nations (d.1982)
    • 1901 – Lila Lee, American actress and singer (d. 1973)
    • 1902 – Eric Hoffer, American philosopher and author (d. 1983)
    • 1905 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-Swiss novelist, playwright, and memoirist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
    • 1905 – Georges Grignard, French race car driver (d. 1977)
    • 1905 – Denys Watkins-Pitchford, English author and illustrator (d. 1990)
    • 1906 – Johnny Hodges, American saxophonist and clarinet player (d. 1970)
    • 1908 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer (d. 1987)
    • 1908 – Ambroise-Marie Carré, French priest and author (d. 2004)
    • 1908 – Jack Gilford, American actor (d. 1990)
    • 1914 – Woody Strode, American football player and actor (d. 1994)
    • 1915 – S. U. Ethirmanasingham, Sri Lankan businessman and politician
    • 1915 – Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., American lieutenant and pilot (d. 1944)
    • 1916 – Lucien Saulnier, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1989)
    • 1917 – Fritz Honegger, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 1999)
    • 1918 – Jane Frank, American painter and sculptor (d. 1986)
    • 1920 – Rosalind Franklin, English biophysicist, chemist, and academic (d. 1958)
    • 1921 – Adolph Herseth, American soldier and trumpet player (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Lionel Terray, French mountaineer (d. 1965)
    • 1923 – Estelle Getty, American actress (d. 2008)
    • 1923 – Edgar Gilbert, American mathematician and theorist (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Maria Gripe, Swedish journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1924 – Frank Church, American lawyer and politician (d. 1984)
    • 1924 – Scotch Taylor, South African cricketer and hockey player (d. 2004)
    • 1925 – Benny Benjamin, American R&B drummer (The Funk Brothers) (d. 1969)
    • 1925 – Jerry Paris, American actor and director (d. 1986)
    • 1925 – Dick Passwater, American race car driver
    • 1925 – Jutta Zilliacus, Finnish journalist and politician
    • 1926 – Whitey Lockman, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2009)
    • 1926 – Bernard Thompson, British television producer and director (d. 1998)
    • 1926 – Beatriz Segall, Brazilian actress (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Daniel Ceccaldi, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
    • 1927 – Midge Decter, American journalist and author
    • 1927 – Sadiq Hussain Qureshi, Pakistani politician, 10th Governor of Punjab (d. 2000)
    • 1927 – Jean-Marie Seroney, Kenyan activist and politician (d. 1982)
    • 1928 – Dolphy, Filipino actor, singer, and producer (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Mario Montenegro, Filipino actor (d. 1988)
    • 1928 – Nils Taube, Estonian-English businessman (d. 2008)
    • 1929 – Judd Buchanan, Canadian businessman and politician, 36th Canadian Minister of Public Works
    • 1929 – Somnath Chatterjee, Indian lawyer and politician, 14th Speaker of the Lok Sabha (d. 2018)
    • 1929 – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1995)
    • 1930 – Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer and manager (d. 1985)
    • 1930 – Maureen Forrester, Canadian actress and singer (d. 2010)
    • 1930 – Alice Parizeau, Polish-Canadian journalist and criminologist (d. 1990)
    • 1930 – Herbert Scarf, American economist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – Annie Ross, Scottish-American singer and actress
    • 1931 – James Butler, English sculptor and educator
    • 1932 – Paul J. Weitz, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Don Ellis, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1978)
    • 1934 – Claude Zidi, French director and screenwriter
    • 1935 – Barbara Harris, American actress and singer (d. 2018)
    • 1935 – Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi Arabian businessman (d. 2017)
    • 1935 – Gilbert Parent, Canadian educator and politician, 33rd Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (d. 2009)
    • 1935 – John Robinson, American football player and coach
    • 1935 – Larry Sherry, American baseball player and coach (d. 2006)
    • 1935 – Lars Werner, Swedish lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1936 – Gerry Ashmore, English race car driver
    • 1936 – Glenn Murcutt, English-Australian architect and academic
    • 1937 – Colin Renfrew, Baron Renfrew of Kaimsthorn, English archaeologist and academic
    • 1940 – Richard Ballantine, American-English journalist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1941 – Manny Charlton, Spanish-born Scottish rock musician and songwriter
    • 1941 – Nate Thurmond, American basketball player (d. 2016)
    • 1941 – Emmett Till, American lynching victim (d. 1955)
    • 1942 – Bruce Woodley, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1943 – Jim McCarty, English singer and drummer
    • 1943 – Erika Steinbach, Polish-German politician
    • 1944 – Sally Beauman, English journalist and author (d. 2016)
    • 1946 – José Areas, Nicaraguan drummer
    • 1946 – Nicole Farhi, French fashion designer and sculptor
    • 1946 – John Gibson, American radio host
    • 1946 – Rita Marley, Cuban-Jamaican singer
    • 1946 – P. Selvarasa, Sri Lankan politician
    • 1946 – Ljupka Dimitrovska, Macedonian-Croatian pop singer (d. 2016)
    • 1948 – Steve Goodman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)
    • 1950 – Mark Clarke, English singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1951 – Jack Thompson, American lawyer and activist
    • 1951 – Verdine White, American bass player and producer
    • 1952 – Eduardo Souto de Moura, Portuguese architect, designed the Estádio Municipal de Braga
    • 1953 – Joseph A. Tunzi, Chicago based author, foremost expert on Elvis Presley
    • 1953 – Robert Zoellick, American banker and politician, 14th United States Deputy Secretary of State
    • 1954 – Ken Greer, Canadian guitarist, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1954 – Sheena McDonald, Scottish journalist
    • 1954 – Walter Payton, American football player and race car driver (d. 1999)
    • 1954 – Jochem Ziegert, German footballer and manager
    • 1955 – Iman, Somalian-English model and actress
    • 1955 – Randall Bewley, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1956 – Andy Goldsworthy, English-Scottish sculptor and photographer
    • 1956 – Frances Arnold, American scientist and engineer
    • 1957 – Mark Hunter, English politician
    • 1957 – Steve Podborski, Canadian skier
    • 1958 – Alexei Filippenko, American astrophysicist and academic
    • 1958 – Thurston Moore, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1959 – Fyodor Cherenkov, Russian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1959 – Geoffrey Zakarian, American chef and author
    • 1960 – Alain Robidoux, Canadian snooker player
    • 1960 – Justice Howard, American photographer
    • 1960 – Māris Martinsons, Latvian film director, producer, screenwriter, and editor
    • 1962 – Carin Bakkum, Dutch tennis player
    • 1962 – Doug Drabek, American baseball player and coach
    • 1963 – Denis Coderre, Canadian politician, 44th Mayor of Montreal
    • 1963 – Julian Hodgson, Welsh chess player
    • 1964 – Anne Applebaum, American journalist and author
    • 1964 – Tony Granato, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1964 – Breuk Iversen, American designer and journalist
    • 1965 – Marty Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Illeana Douglas, American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Dale Shearer, Australian rugby league player
    • 1966 – Daryl Halligan, New Zealand rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Maureen Herman, American bass player
    • 1966 – Diana Johnson, English politician
    • 1967 – Matt LeBlanc, American actor and producer
    • 1967 – Ruth Peetoom, Dutch minister and politician
    • 1967 – Tommy Skjerven, Norwegian footballer and referee
    • 1968 – Rudi Bryson, South African cricketer
    • 1968 – Shi Tao, Chinese journalist and poet
    • 1969 – Jon Barry, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1969 – Annastacia Palaszczuk, Australian politician, 39th Premier of Queensland
    • 1971 – Roger Creager, American singer-songwriter
    • 1971 – Tracy Murray, American basketball player
    • 1971 – Billy Wagner, American baseball player and coach
    • 1972 – David Penna, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1973 – Dani Filth, English singer-songwriter
    • 1973 – Kevin Phillips, English footballer
    • 1973 – Igli Tare, Albanian footballer
    • 1974 – Lauren Faust, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Julia Laffranque, Estonian lawyer and judge
    • 1974 – Kenzo Suzuki, Japanese rugby player and wrestler
    • 1975 – Jody Craddock, English footballer and coach
    • 1975 – Jean-Claude Darcheville, Guianan-French footballer
    • 1975 – El Zorro, Mexican wrestler
    • 1975 – Brian Gibson, American bass player
    • 1975 – Evgeni Nabokov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Marcos Assunção, Brazilian footballer
    • 1976 – Jovica Tasevski-Eternijan, Macedonian poet and critic
    • 1976 – Javier Vázquez, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
    • 1977 – Kenny Thomas, American basketball player
    • 1978 – Gerard Warren, American football player
    • 1978 – Louise Brown, first human to be born via IVF
    • 1979 – Ali Carter, English snooker player
    • 1979 – Tom Lungley, English cricketer and umpire
    • 1980 – Shawn Riggans, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Toni Vilander, Finnish race car driver
    • 1980 – David Wachs, American actor and producer
    • 1980 – Scott Waldrom, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1981 – Conor Casey, American soccer player
    • 1981 – Constantinos Charalambidis, Cypriot footballer
    • 1981 – Yūichi Komano, Japanese footballer
    • 1981 – Mac Lethal, American rapper and producer
    • 1981 – Jani Rita, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Brad Renfro, American actor and musician (d. 2008)
    • 1982 – Jason Dundas, Australian TV host
    • 1983 – Nenad Krstić, Serbian basketball player
    • 1984 – Loukas Mavrokefalidis, Greek basketball player
    • 1985 – James Lafferty, American actor and athlete
    • 1985 – Nelson Piquet Jr., Brazilian race car driver
    • 1985 – Hugo Rodallega, Colombian footballer
    • 1986 – Abraham Gneki Guié, Ivorian footballer
    • 1986 – Hulk, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Richard Bachman, American ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Mitchell Burgzorg, Dutch footballer and rapper
    • 1987 – Fernando, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Jax Jones, English DJ, singer and songwriter
    • 1987 – Eran Zahavi, Israeli footballer
    • 1988 – John Goossens, Dutch footballer
    • 1988 – Tom Hiariej, Dutch footballer
    • 1988 – Stacey Kemp, English skater
    • 1988 – Paulinho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1988 – Anthony Stokes, Irish footballer
    • 1989 – Natalia Vieru, Russian basketball player
    • 1990 – Thodoris Karapetsas, Greek footballer
    • 1991 – Toni Duggan, English footballer
    • 1992 – Sergei Simonov, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2016)
    • 1997 – Nat Butcher, Australian rugby league player

    Deaths on July 25

    • 306 – Constantius Chlorus, Roman emperor (b. 250)
    • 885 – Ragenold, margrave of Neustria
    • 1011 – Ichijō, emperor of Japan (b. 980)
    • 1190 – Sibylla, queen of Jerusalem
    • 1409 – Martin I, king of Sicily (b. 1376)
    • 1471 – Thomas à Kempis, German priest and mystic
    • 1472 – Charles of Artois, French nobleman (b. 1394)
    • 1492 – Innocent VIII, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1432)
    • 1564 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1503)
    • 1572 – Isaac Luria, Ottoman rabbi and mystic (b. 1534)
    • 1608 – Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer (b. 1556)
    • 1616 – Andreas Libavius, German physician and chemist (b. 1550)
    • 1643 – Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, English general and politician (b. 1584)
    • 1681 – Urian Oakes, English-American minister and educator (b. 1631)
    • 1790 – Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educator and reformer (b. 1723)
    • 1790 – William Livingston, American soldier and politician, 1st Governor of New Jersey (b. 1723)
    • 1791 – Isaac Low, American merchant and politician (b. 1735)
    • 1794 – André Chénier, Greek-French poet and author (b. 1762)
    • 1794 – Jean-Antoine Roucher, French poet and author (b. 1745)
    • 1794 – Friedrich von der Trenck, Prussian adventurer and author (b. 1726)
    • 1826 – Kondraty Ryleyev, Russian poet and publisher (b. 1795)
    • 1831 – Maria Szymanowska, Polish composer and pianist (b. 1789)
    • 1834 – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English philosopher, poet, and critic (b. 1772)
    • 1842 – Dominique Jean Larrey, French physician and surgeon (b. 1766)
    • 1843 – Charles Macintosh, Scottish chemist and engineer (b. 1766)
    • 1861 – Jonas Furrer, Swiss lawyer and politician, President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1805)
    • 1865 – James Barry, English soldier and surgeon (b. 1799)
    • 1887 – John Taylor, American religious leader, 3rd President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1808)
    • 1934 – François Coty, French businessman, founded Coty, Inc. (b. 1874)
    • 1934 – Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian politician, 14th Chancellor of Austria (b. 1892)
    • 1942 – Fred Englehardt, American triple jumper (b. 1879)
    • 1952 – Herbert Murrill, English organist and composer (b. 1909)
    • 1958 – Otto Lasanen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1891)
    • 1959 – Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog, Polish-born Irish rabbi and author (b. 1888)
    • 1962 – Thibaudeau Rinfret, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 9th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1879)
    • 1963 – Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist and academic (b. 1877)
    • 1966 – Frank O’Hara, American poet and critic (b. 1926)
    • 1967 – Konstantinos Parthenis, Egyptian-Greek painter (b. 1878)
    • 1971 – John Meyers, American swimmer and water polo player (b. 1880)
    • 1971 – Leroy Robertson, American composer and educator (b. 1896)
    • 1973 – Amy Jacques Garvey, Jamaican-American journalist and activist (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Louis St. Laurent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1882)
    • 1980 – Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1938)
    • 1981 – Rosa A. González, Puerto Rican nurse, author, feminist, and activist (b. 1889)
    • 1982 – Hal Foster, Canadian-American author and illustrator (b. 1892)
    • 1984 – Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1913)
    • 1984 – Big Mama Thornton, American singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
    • 1986 – Vincente Minnelli, American director and screenwriter (b. 1903)
    • 1988 – Judith Barsi, American child actress (b. 1978)
    • 1989 – Steve Rubell, American businessman, co-owner of Studio 54 (b. 1943)
    • 1991 – Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician (b. 1893)
    • 1992 – Alfred Drake, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
    • 1995 – Charlie Rich, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932)
    • 1997 – Ben Hogan, American golfer (b. 1912)
    • 1998 – Evangelos Papastratos, Greek businessman, co-founded Papastratos (b. 1910)
    • 2000 – Rudi Faßnacht, German footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1934)
    • 2002 – Abdel Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher and poet (b. 1917)
    • 2003 – Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer (b. 1912)
    • 2003 – John Schlesinger, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2004 – John Passmore, Australian philosopher and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Albert Mangelsdorff, German trombonist (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Ezra Fleischer, Romanian-Israeli poet and philologist (b. 1928)
    • 2007 – Bernd Jakubowski, German footballer and manager (b. 1952)
    • 2008 – Jeff Fehring, Australian footballer (b. 1955)
    • 2008 – Tracy Hall, American chemist and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2008 – Randy Pausch, American computer scientist and educator (b. 1960)
    • 2009 – Vernon Forrest, American boxer (b. 1971)
    • 2009 – Stanley Middleton, English author (b. 1919)
    • 2009 – Harry Patch, English soldier (b. 1898)
    • 2011 – Michael Cacoyannis, Cypriot-Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
    • 2012 – B. R. Ishara, Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Barry Langford, English director and producer (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Greg Mohns, American-Canadian football player and coach (b. 1950)
    • 2012 – Franz West, Austrian painter and sculptor (b. 1947)
    • 2013 – Walter De Maria, American sculptor, illustrator, and composer (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – William J. Guste, American lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Hugh Huxley, English-American biologist and academic (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Bel Kaufman, German-American author and academic (b. 1911)
    • 2014 – Richard Larter, Australian painter and illustrator (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Jacques Andreani, French diplomat, French ambassador to the United States (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – R. S. Gavai, Indian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor of Kerala (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Bob Kauffman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1946)
    • 2017 – Michael Johnson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1944)
    • 2018 – Sergio Marchionne, Italian-Canadian businessman(b. 1952)
    • 2019 – Beji Caid Essebsi , 4th President and 9th Prime Minister of Tunisia (b. 1926)

    Holidays and observances on July 25

    • Christian feast day:
      • Anne (Eastern Christianity)
      • Christopher (Western Christianity)
      • Cucuphas
      • Glodesind
      • James the Great (Western Christianity)
      • John I Agnus
      • Julian of Le Mans (translation)
      • Magnerich of Trier
      • July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Father’s Day can fall, while July 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Sunday in July. (Dominican Republic)
    • Earliest day on which National Tree Planting Day can fall, while July 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Sunday in July. (Australia)
    • Earliest day on which Navy Day can fall, while July 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Sunday in July. (Russia)
    • Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica)
    • National Baha’i Day (Jamaica)
    • National Day of Galicia (Galicia)
    • Puerto Rico Constitution Day (Puerto Rico)
    • Republic Day (Tunisia)

  • July 24 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
    • 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade.
    • 1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle: King Edward I of England takes the stronghold using the War Wolf.
    • 1411 – Battle of Harlaw, one of the bloodiest battles in Scotland, takes place.
    • 1412 – Behnam Hadloyo becomes Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Mardin.
    • 1487 – Citizens of Leeuwarden, Netherlands, strike against a ban on foreign beer.
    • 1534 – French explorer Jacques Cartier plants a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula and takes possession of the territory in the name of Francis I of France.
    • 1567 – Mary, Queen of Scots, is forced to abdicate and replaced by her 1-year-old son James VI.
    • 1701 – Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac founds the trading post at Fort Pontchartrain, which later becomes the city of Detroit.
    • 1783 – The Kingdom of Georgia and the Russian Empire sign the Treaty of Georgievsk.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: General Phineas Riall advances toward the Niagara River to halt Jacob Brown’s American invaders.
    • 1823 – Afro-Chileans are emancipated.
    • 1823 – In Maracaibo, Venezuela, the naval Battle of Lake Maracaibo takes place, where Admiral José Prudencio Padilla defeats the Spanish Navy, thus culminating the independence for the Gran Colombia.
    • 1847 – After 17 months of travel, Brigham Young leads 148 Mormon pioneers into Salt Lake Valley, resulting in the establishment of Salt Lake City.
    • 1847 – Richard March Hoe, American inventor, patented the rotary-type printing press.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Kernstown: Confederate General Jubal Early defeats Union troops led by General George Crook in an effort to keep them out of the Shenandoah Valley.
    • 1866 – Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
    • 1901 – O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio, after serving three years for embezzlement from a bank.
    • 1910 – The Ottoman Empire captures the city of Shkodër, putting down the Albanian Revolt of 1910.
    • 1911 – Hiram Bingham III re-discovers Machu Picchu, “the Lost City of the Incas”.
    • 1915 – The passenger ship SS Eastland capsizes while tied to a dock in the Chicago River. A total of 844 passengers and crew are killed in the largest loss of life disaster from a single shipwreck on the Great Lakes.
    • 1922 – The draft of the British Mandate of Palestine was formally confirmed by the Council of the League of Nations; it came into effect on 26 September 1923.
    • 1923 – The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in World War I.
    • 1924 – Themistoklis Sofoulis becomes Prime Minister of Greece.
    • 1927 – The Menin Gate war memorial is unveiled at Ypres.
    • 1929 – The Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of foreign policy, goes into effect (it is first signed in Paris on August 27, 1928, by most leading world powers).
    • 1935 – The Dust Bowl heat wave reaches its peak, sending temperatures to 109 °F (43 °C) in Chicago and 104 °F (40 °C) in Milwaukee.
    • 1937 – Alabama drops rape charges against the “Scottsboro Boys”.
    • 1943 – World War II: Operation Gomorrah begins: British and Canadian aeroplanes bomb Hamburg by night, and American planes bomb the city by day. By the end of the operation in November, 9,000 tons of explosives will have killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings.
    • 1950 – Cape Canaveral Air Force Station begins operations with the launch of a Bumper rocket.
    • 1959 – At the opening of the American National Exhibition in Moscow, U.S. Vice President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev have a “Kitchen Debate”.
    • 1963 – The ship Bluenose II was launched in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. The schooner is a major Canadian symbol.
    • 1966 – Michael Pelkey makes the first BASE jump from El Capitan along with Brian Schubert. Both came out with broken bones. BASE jumping has now been banned from El Cap.
    • 1967 – During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declares to a crowd of over 100,000 in Montreal: Vive le Québec libre! (“Long live free Quebec!”); the statement angered the Canadian government and many Anglophone Canadians.
    • 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11 splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean.
    • 1974 – Watergate scandal: The United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled that President Richard Nixon did not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes and they order him to surrender the tapes to the Watergate special prosecutor.
    • 1977 – End of a four-day-long Libyan–Egyptian War.
    • 1980 – The Quietly Confident Quartet of Australia wins the men’s 4 x 100 metre medley relay at the Moscow Olympics, the only time the United States has not won the event at Olympic level.
    • 1982 – Heavy rain causes a mudslide that destroys a bridge at Nagasaki, Japan, killing 299.
    • 1983 – The Black July anti-Tamil riots begin in Sri Lanka, killing between 400 and 3,000. Black July is generally regarded as the beginning of the Sri Lankan Civil War.
    • 1983 – George Brett batting for the Kansas City Royals against the New York Yankees, has a game-winning home run nullified in the “Pine Tar Incident”.
    • 1987 – US supertanker SS Bridgeton collides with mines laid by IRGC causing a 43-square-meter dent in the body of the oil tanker.
    • 1987 – Hulda Crooks, at 91 years of age, climbed Mt. Fuji. Crooks became the oldest person to climb Japan’s highest peak.
    • 1998 – Russell Eugene Weston Jr. bursts into the United States Capitol and opens fire killing two police officers. He is later ruled to be incompetent to stand trial.
    • 2001 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the last Tsar of Bulgaria when he was a child, is sworn in as Prime Minister of Bulgaria, becoming the first monarch in history to regain political power through democratic election to a different office.
    • 2001 – The Bandaranaike Airport attack is carried out by 14 Tamil Tiger commandos. Eleven civilian and military aircraft are destroyed and 15 are damaged. All 14 commandos are shot dead, while seven soldiers from the Sri Lanka Air Force are killed. In addition, three civilians and an engineer die. This incident slowed the Sri Lankan economy.
    • 2013 – A high-speed train derails in Spain rounding a curve with an 80 km/h (50 mph) speed limit at 190 km/h (120 mph), killing 78 passengers.
    • 2014 – Air Algérie Flight 5017 loses contact with air traffic controllers 50 minutes after takeoff. It was travelling between Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Algiers. The wreckage is later found in Mali. All 116 people onboard are killed.

    Births on July 24

    • 1242 – Christina von Stommeln, German Roman Catholic mystic, ecstatic, and stigmatic (d. 1312)
    • 1468 – Catherine of Saxony, Archduchess of Austria (d. 1524)
    • 1529 – Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (d. 1577)
    • 1561 – Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern (d. 1589)
    • 1574 – Thomas Platter the Younger, Swiss physician and author (d. 1628)
    • 1660 – Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English politician, Lord High Treasurer (d. 1718)
    • 1689 – Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, son of Queen Anne of Great Britain and Prince George of Denmark (d. 1700)
    • 1725 – John Newton, English sailor and priest (d. 1807)
    • 1757 – Vladimir Borovikovsky, Ukrainian-Russian painter (d. 1825)
    • 1783 – Simón Bolívar, Venezuelan commander and politician, 2nd President of Venezuela (d. 1830)
    • 1786 – Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer (d. 1843)
    • 1794 – Johan Georg Forchhammer, Danish mineralogist and geologist (d. 1865)
    • 1802 – Alexandre Dumas, French novelist and playwright (d. 1870)
    • 1803 – Adolphe Adam, French composer and critic (d. 1856)
    • 1803 – Alexander J. Davis, American architect (d. 1892)
    • 1821 – William Poole, American boxer and gangster (d. 1855)
    • 1826 – Jan Gotlib Bloch, Polish theorist and activist (d. 1902)
    • 1851 – Friedrich Schottky, Polish-German mathematician and theorist (d. 1935)
    • 1856 – Émile Picard, French mathematician and academic (d. 1941)
    • 1857 – Henrik Pontoppidan, Danish journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
    • 1857 – Juan Vicente Gómez, Venezuelan general and politician, 27th President of Venezuela (d. 1935)
    • 1860 – Princess Charlotte of Prussia (d. 1919)
    • 1860 – Alphonse Mucha, Czech painter and illustrator (d. 1939)
    • 1864 – Frank Wedekind, German actor and playwright (d. 1918)
    • 1867 – Vicente Acosta, Salvadoran journalist and poet (d. 1908)
    • 1867 – E. F. Benson, English archaeologist and author (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – Fred Tate, English cricketer and coach (d. 1943)
    • 1874 – Oswald Chambers, Scottish minister and author (d. 1917)
    • 1877 – Calogero Vizzini, Italian mob boss (d. 1954)
    • 1878 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, Irish author, poet, and playwright (d. 1957)
    • 1880 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer and educator (d. 1959)
    • 1884 – Maria Caserini, Italian actress (d. 1969)
    • 1886 – Jun’ichirō Tanizaki, Japanese author (d. 1965)
    • 1888 – Arthur Richardson, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 1973)
    • 1889 – Agnes Meyer Driscoll, American cryptanalyst (d. 1971)
    • 1895 – Robert Graves, English poet, novelist, critic (d. 1985)
    • 1897 – Amelia Earhart, American pilot and author (d. 1937)
    • 1899 – Chief Dan George, Canadian actor (d. 1981)
    • 1900 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author and poet (d. 1948)
    • 1904 – Leo Arnaud, French-American trombonist, composer, and conductor (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – Richard B. Morris, American historian and academic (d. 1989)
    • 1904 – Delmer Daves, American screenwriter, director and producer (d. 1977)
    • 1909 – John William Finn, American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2010)
    • 1910 – Harry Horner, American director and production designer (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – Essie Summers, New Zealand author (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Britton Chance, American biologist and sailor (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Frances Oldham Kelsey, Canadian pharmacologist and physician (d. 2015)
    • 1914 – Ed Mirvish, American-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2007)
    • 1914 – Alan Waddell, Australian walker (d. 2008)
    • 1915 – Enrique Fernando, Filipino lawyer and jurist, 13th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – John D. MacDonald, American colonel and author (d. 1986)
    • 1917 – Robert Farnon, Canadian trumpet player, composer, and conductor (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Jack Moroney, Australian cricketer (d. 1999)
    • 1918 – Ruggiero Ricci, American violinist and educator (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Robert Marsden Hope, Australian lawyer and judge (d. 1999)
    • 1919 – Kenneth S. Kleinknecht, NASA manager (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – John Winkin, American baseball player, coach, and journalist (d. 2014)
    • 1920 – Bella Abzug, American lawyer and politician (d. 1998)
    • 1920 – Constance Dowling, American model and actress (d. 1969)
    • 1921 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian tenor and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Billy Taylor, American pianist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Madeleine Ferron, Canadian radio host and author (d. 2010)
    • 1924 – Wilfred Josephs, English composer (d. 1997)
    • 1924 – Aris Poulianos, Greek anthropologist and archaeologist
    • 1927 – Alex Katz, American painter and sculptor
    • 1927 – Zara Mints, Russian-Estonian philologist and academic (d. 1990)
    • 1930 – Alfred Balk, American journalist and author (d. 2010)
    • 1930 – Keshubhai Patel, Indian politician, 10th Chief Minister of Gujarat
    • 1931 – Ermanno Olmi, Italian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Éric Tabarly, French commander (d. 1998)
    • 1932 – Gustav Andreas Tammann, German astronomer and academic (d. 2019)
    • 1933 – Doug Sanders, American golfer (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – P. S. Soosaithasan, Sri Lankan accountant and politician (d. 2017)
    • 1935 – Aaron Elkins, American author and academic
    • 1935 – Pat Oliphant, Australian cartoonist
    • 1935 – Mel Ramos, American painter, illustrator, and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1935 – Les Reed, English pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2019)
    • 1935 – Derek Varnals, South African cricketer
    • 1936 – Ruth Buzzi, American actress and comedian
    • 1936 – Mark Goddard, American actor
    • 1937 – Manoj Kumar, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1937 – Quinlan Terry, English architect, designed the Brentwood Cathedral
    • 1938 – Alexis Jacquemin, Belgian economist and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1938 – Eugene J. Martin, American painter (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – John Sparling, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1939 – Walt Bellamy, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – David Simon, Baron Simon of Highbury, English businessman and politician
    • 1940 – Dan Hedaya, American actor
    • 1941 – John Bond, English banker and businessman
    • 1942 – Heinz, German-English singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2000)
    • 1942 – David Miner, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1942 – Chris Sarandon, American actor
    • 1944 – Jim Armstrong, Northern Irish guitarist
    • 1945 – Frank Close, English physicist and academic
    • 1945 – Azim Premji, Indian businessman and philanthropist
    • 1945 – Hugh Ross, Canadian-American astrophysicist and astronomer
    • 1945 – Anthony Watts, English geologist, geophysicist, and academic
    • 1946 – Gallagher, American comedian and actor
    • 1946 – Friedhelm Haebermann, German footballer and manager
    • 1946 – Hervé Vilard, French singer-songwriter
    • 1947 – Zaheer Abbas, Pakistani cricketer and manager
    • 1947 – Geoff McQueen, English screenwriter and producer (d. 1994)
    • 1947 – Peter Serkin, American pianist and educator
    • 1949 – Michael Richards, American actor and comedian
    • 1950 – Jadranka Stojaković, Yugoslav singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1951 – Lynda Carter, American actress
    • 1951 – Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury, English politician, Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
    • 1952 – Ian Cairns, Australian surfer
    • 1952 – Gus Van Sant, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1953 – Julian Brazier, English captain and politician
    • 1953 – Jon Faddis, American trumpet player, composer, and conductor
    • 1953 – Tadashi Kawamata, Japanese contemporary artist
    • 1953 – Claire McCaskill, American lawyer and politician
    • 1953 – James Newcome, English bishop
    • 1954 – Erdoğan Arıca, Turkish footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1954 – Jorge Jesus, Portuguese footballer and manager
    • 1955 – Brad Watson, American author and academic
    • 1956 – Charlie Crist, American lawyer and politician, 44th Governor of Florida
    • 1957 – Pam Tillis, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1958 – Jim Leighton, Scottish footballer and coach
    • 1960 – Catherine Destivelle, French rock climber and mountaineer
    • 1961 – Kerry Dixon, English footballer and manager
    • 1962 – Johnny O’Connell, American race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Louis Armary, French rugby player
    • 1963 – Karl Malone, American basketball player and coach
    • 1964 – Barry Bonds, American baseball player
    • 1964 – Pedro Passos Coelho, Portuguese economist and politician, 118th Prime Minister of Portugal
    • 1964 – Urmas Kaljend, Estonian footballer
    • 1964 – John Rosengren, American journalist and author
    • 1965 – Andrew Gaze, Australian basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Kadeem Hardison, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Doug Liman, American director and producer
    • 1966 – Mo-Do, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1966 – Aminatou Haidar, Sahrawi human rights activist
    • 1966 – Martin Keown, English footballer and coach
    • 1968 – Kristin Chenoweth, American actress and singer
    • 1968 – Colleen Doran, American author and illustrator
    • 1968 – Malcolm Ingram, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1968 – Laura Leighton, American actress
    • 1969 – Rick Fox, Bahamian basketball player
    • 1969 – Jennifer Lopez, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1971 – Dino Baggio, Italian footballer
    • 1971 – Patty Jenkins, American film director and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Kaiō Hiroyuki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1973 – Russell Bawden, Australian rugby league player
    • 1973 – Ana Cristina Oliveira, Portuguese model and actress
    • 1973 – Amanda Stretton, English race car driver and journalist
    • 1974 – Andy Gomarsall, English rugby player
    • 1975 – Tracey Crouch, English politician, Minister for Sport and the Olympics
    • 1975 – Jamie Langenbrunner, American ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Torrie Wilson, American model, fitness competitor, actress and professional wrestler
    • 1975 – Eric Szmanda, American actor
    • 1976 – Rafer Alston, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Tiago Monteiro, Portuguese race car driver and manager
    • 1978 – Andy Irons, American surfer (d. 2010)
    • 1979 – Rose Byrne, Australian actress
    • 1979 – Jerrod Niemann, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – Valerio Scassellati, Italian race car driver
    • 1979 – Anne-Gaëlle Sidot, French tennis player
    • 1979 – Mark Andrew Smith, American author
    • 1979 – Ryan Speier, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Joel Stroetzel, American guitarist
    • 1981 – Doug Bollinger, Australian cricketer
    • 1981 – Summer Glau, American actress
    • 1981 – Mark Robinson, English footballer
    • 1982 – Trevor Matthews, Canadian actor and producer, founded Brookstreet Pictures
    • 1982 – Thiago Medeiros, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1982 – Mewelde Moore, American football player
    • 1982 – Elisabeth Moss, American actress
    • 1982 – Anna Paquin, Canadian-New Zealand actress
    • 1982 – Michael Poppmeier, South African-German rugby player
    • 1983 – Daniele De Rossi, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Asami Mizukawa, Japanese actress
    • 1984 – Patrick Harvey, Australian actor
    • 1984 – Tyler Kyte, Canadian singer and drummer
    • 1985 – Patrice Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Aries Merritt, American hurdler
    • 1985 – Lukáš Rosol, Czech tennis player
    • 1985 – Eric Wright, American football player
    • 1986 – Natalie Tran, Australian actress, online producer
    • 1987 – Filipe Francisco dos Santos, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Nathan Gerbe, American ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Zack Sabre Jr., English wrestler
    • 1988 – Han Seung-yeon, South Korean singer and dancer
    • 1988 – Nichkhun, Thai-American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1988 – Ricky Petterd, Australian footballer
    • 1989 – Maurkice Pouncey, American football player
    • 1989 – Kim Tae-hwan, South Korean footballer
    • 1990 – Daveigh Chase, American actress
    • 1990 – Travis Mahoney, Australian swimmer
    • 1991 – Manuel Fischnaller, Italian footballer
    • 1991 – Emily Bett Rickards, Canadian actress
    • 1992 – Mikaël Kingsbury, Canadian skier
    • 1992 – Mitch Grassi, American singer and songwriter
    • 1994 – Alejandra Álvarez, Ecuadorian tennis player
    • 1994 – Phillip Lindsay, American football player
    • 1995 – Valentine Holmes, Australian rugby league player
    • 1995 – Kyle Kuzma, American basketball player
    • 1995 – Meisei Chikara, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1997 – Emre Mor, Turkish football player
    • 2002 – Nicole Pircio, Brazilian rhythmic gymnast

    Deaths on July 24

    • 759 – Oswulf, king of Northumbria
    • 811 – Gao Ying, Chinese politician (b. 740)
    • 946 – Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid, Egyptian ruler (b. 882)
    • 1115 – Matilda of Tuscany (b. 1046)
    • 1129 – Emperor Shirakawa of Japan (b. 1053)
    • 1198 – Berthold of Hanover, Bishop of Livonia
    • 1345 – Jacob van Artevelde, Flemish statesman (b. 1290)
    • 1568 – Carlos, Prince of Asturias (b. 1545)
    • 1594 – John Boste, English martyr and saint (b. 1544)
    • 1601 – Joris Hoefnagel, Flemish painter (b. 1542)
    • 1612 – John Salusbury, Welsh politician and poet (b. 1567)
    • 1739 – Benedetto Marcello, Italian composer and educator (b. 1686)
    • 1768 – Nathaniel Lardner, English theologian and author (b. 1684)
    • 1862 – Martin Van Buren, American lawyer and politician, 8th President of the United States (b. 1782)
    • 1891 – Hermann Raster, German-American journalist and politician (b. 1827)
    • 1908 – Vicente Acosta, Salvadoran journalist and poet (b. 1867)
    • 1910 – Arkhip Kuindzhi, Ukrainian-Russian painter (b. 1841)
    • 1927 – Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese author (b. 1892)
    • 1957 – Sacha Guitry, French actor and director (b. 1885)
    • 1962 – Wilfrid Noyce, English mountaineer and author (b. 1917)
    • 1965 – Constance Bennett, American actress and producer (b. 1904)
    • 1966 – Tony Lema, American golfer (b. 1934)
    • 1969 – Witold Gombrowicz, Polish author and playwright (b. 1904)
    • 1970 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman, philanthropist, and civil servant (b. 1897)
    • 1974 – James Chadwick, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)
    • 1980 – Peter Sellers, English actor and comedian (b. 1925)
    • 1985 – Ezechiele Ramin, Italian missionary and martyr (b. 1953)
    • 1986 – Fritz Albert Lipmann, German-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
    • 1986 – Qudrat Ullah Shahab, Pakistani civil servant and author (b. 1917)
    • 1991 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish-American novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
    • 1992 – Arletty, French actress and singer (b. 1898)
    • 1992 – Sam Berger, Canadian lawyer and businessman (b. 1900)
    • 1994 – Helen Cordero, Cochiti Pueblo (Native American) Pueblo potter (b. 1915)
    • 1995 – George Rodger, English photographer and journalist (b. 1908)
    • 1996 – Alphonso Theodore Roberts, Vincentian cricketer and activist (b. 1937)
    • 1997 – William J. Brennan Jr., American colonel and jurist (b. 1906)
    • 1997 – Saw Maung, Burmese general and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1928)
    • 2000 – Ahmad Shamloo, Iranian poet and journalist (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (b. 1931)
    • 2005 – Richard Doll, English physiologist and epidemiologist (b. 1912)
    • 2007 – Albert Ellis, American psychologist and author (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Nicola Zaccaria, Greek opera singer (b. 1923)
    • 2008 – Norman Dello Joio, American pianist and composer (b. 1913)
    • 2011 – Frank Dietrich, German politician (b. 1966)
    • 2011 – Dan Peek, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1950)
    • 2011 – Harald Johnsen, Norwegian bassist and composer (b. 1970)
    • 2011 – David Servan-Schreiber, French physician, neuroscientist, and author (b. 1961)
    • 2011 – Skip Thomas, American football player (b. 1950)
    • 2012 – Chad Everett, American actor and director (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Sherman Hemsley, American actor and singer (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Larry Hoppen, American singer and guitarist (b. 1951)
    • 2012 – Robert Ledley, American physiologist and physicist, invented the CT scanner (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Themo Lobos, Chilean author and illustrator (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – John Atta Mills, Ghanaian lawyer and politician, a President of Ghana (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Gregorio Peces-Barba, Spanish jurist and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Garry Davis, American pilot and activist, created the World Passport (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Fred Dretske, American philosopher and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Virginia E. Johnson, American psychologist and sexologist (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Pius Langa, South African lawyer and jurist, 19th Chief Justice of South Africa (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Ik-Hwan Bae, Korean-American violinist and educator (b. 1956)
    • 2014 – Dale Schlueter, American basketball player (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Hans-Hermann Sprado, German journalist and author (b. 1956)
    • 2015 – Peg Lynch, American actress and screenwriter (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Ingrid Sischy, South African-American journalist and critic (b. 1952)
    • 2016 – Marni Nixon, American actress and singer (b. 1930)
    • 2017 – Harshida Raval, Indian Gujarati playback singer

    Holidays and observances on July 24

    • Carnival of Awussu (Tunisia)
    • Children’s Day (Vanuatu)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Charbel (Maronite Church/Catholic Church)
      • Christina the Astonishing
      • Christina of Bolsena
      • Declán of Ardmore
      • John Boste
      • Kinga (or Cunegunda) of Poland
      • Martyrs of Daimiel
      • Menefrida of Cornwall
      • Sigolena of Albi
      • July 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Pioneer Day (Utah)
    • Police Day (Poland)
    • Simón Bolívar Day (Ecuador, Venezuela, Colombia, and Bolivia)
      • Navy Day (Venezuela)

  • July 8 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1099 – Some 15,000 starving Christian soldiers begin the siege of Jerusalem by marching in a religious procession around the city as its Muslim defenders watch.
    • 1283 – Roger of Lauria, commanding the Aragonese fleet, defeats an Angevin fleet sent to put down a rebellion on Malta.
    • 1497 – Vasco da Gama sets sail on the first direct European voyage to India.
    • 1579 – Our Lady of Kazan, a holy icon of the Russian Orthodox Church, is discovered underground in the city of Kazan, Tatarstan.
    • 1663 – Charles II of England grants John Clarke a Royal charter to Rhode Island.
    • 1709 – Peter I of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava, thus effectively ending Sweden’s status as a major power in Europe.
    • 1716 – The Battle of Dynekilen forces Sweden to abandon its invasion of Norway.
    • 1730 – An estimated magnitude 8.7 earthquake causes a tsunami that damages more than 1,000 km (620 mi) of Chile’s coastline.
    • 1758 – French forces hold Fort Carillon against the British at Ticonderoga, New York.
    • 1760 – British forces defeat French forces in the last naval battle in New France.
    • 1775 – The Olive Branch Petition is signed by the Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies of North America.
    • 1776 – Church bells (possibly including the Liberty Bell) are rung after John Nixon delivers the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence of the United States.
    • 1808 – Joseph Bonaparte approves the Bayonne Statute, a royal charter intended as the basis for his rule as king of Spain.
    • 1822 – Chippewas turn over a huge tract of land in Ontario to the United Kingdom.
    • 1853 – The Perry Expedition arrives in Edo Bay with a treaty requesting trade.
    • 1859 – King Charles XV & IV accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway.
    • 1864 – Ikedaya Incident: The Choshu Han shishi’s planned Shinsengumi sabotage on Kyoto, Japan at Ikedaya.
    • 1874 – The Mounties begin their March West.
    • 1876 – The Hamburg massacre prior to the 1876 United States presidential election results in the deaths of six African-Americans of the Republican Party, along with one white assailant.
    • 1879 – Sailing ship USS Jeannette departs San Francisco carrying an ill-fated expedition to the North Pole.
    • 1889 – The first issue of The Wall Street Journal is published.
    • 1892 – St. John’s, Newfoundland is devastated in the Great Fire of 1892.
    • 1898 – The death of crime boss Soapy Smith, killed in the Shootout on Juneau Wharf, releases Skagway, Alaska from his iron grip.
    • 1912 – Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro leads an unsuccessful royalist attack against the First Portuguese Republic in Chaves.
    • 1932 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, closing at 41.22.
    • 1933 – The first rugby union test match between the Wallabies of Australia and the Springboks of South Africa is played at Newlands Stadium in Cape Town.
    • 1937 – Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan sign the Treaty of Saadabad.
    • 1947 – Reports are broadcast that a UFO crash landed in Roswell, New Mexico in what became known as the Roswell UFO incident.
    • 1948 – The United States Air Force accepts its first female recruits into a program called Women in the Air Force (WAF).
    • 1960 – Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage resulting from his flight over the Soviet Union.
    • 1962 – Ne Win besieges and dynamites the Rangoon University Student Union building to crush the Student Movement.
    • 1966 – King Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng of Burundi is deposed by his son Prince Charles Ndizi.
    • 1968 – The Chrysler wildcat strike begins in Detroit, Michigan.
    • 1970 – Richard Nixon delivers a special congressional message enunciating Native American self-determination as official US Indian policy, leading to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975.
    • 1972 – Israeli Mossad assassinate Palestinian writer Ghassan Kanafani.
    • 1980 – The inaugural 1980 State of Origin game is won by Queensland who defeat New South Wales 20–10 at Lang Park.
    • 1982 – A failed assassination attempt against Iraqi president Saddam Hussein results in the Dujail Massacre over the next several months.
    • 1988 – The Island Express train travelling from Bangalore to Kanyakumari derails on the Peruman bridge and falls into Ashtamudi Lake, killing 105 passengers and injuring over 200 more.
    • 1994 – Kim Jong-il begins to assume supreme leadership of North Korea upon the death of his father, Kim Il-sung.
    • 2003 – Sudan Airways Flight 139 crashes near Port Sudan Airport during an emergency landing attempt, killing 116 of the 117 people on board.
    • 2011 – Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched in the final mission of the U.S. Space Shuttle program.
    • 2014 – Israel launches an offensive on Gaza amid rising tensions following the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers.

    Births on July 8

    • 1478 – Gian Giorgio Trissino, Italian linguist, poet, and playwright (d. 1550)
    • 1528 – Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (d. 1580)
    • 1538 – Alberto Bolognetti, Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 1585)
    • 1545 – Carlos, Prince of Asturias (d. 1568)
    • 1593 – Artemisia Gentileschi, Italian painter (d. 1653)
    • 1621 – Jean de La Fontaine, French author and poet (d. 1695)
    • 1760 – Christian Kramp, French mathematician and academic (d. 1826)
    • 1766 – Dominique Jean Larrey, French surgeon (d. 1842)
    • 1779 – Giorgio Pullicino, Maltese painter and architect (d. 1851)
    • 1819 – Francis Leopold McClintock, Irish admiral and explorer (d. 1907)
    • 1830 – Frederick W. Seward, American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Assistant Secretary of State (d. 1915)
    • 1831 – John Pemberton, American chemist and pharmacist, invented Coca-Cola (d. 1888)
    • 1836 – Joseph Chamberlain, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (d. 1914)
    • 1838 – Eli Lilly, American soldier, chemist, and businessman, founded Eli Lilly and Company (d. 1898)
    • 1838 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German general and businessman, founded the Zeppelin Airship Company (d. 1917)
    • 1839 – John D. Rockefeller, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Standard Oil Company (d. 1937)
    • 1851 – Arthur Evans, English archaeologist and academic (d. 1941)
    • 1851 – John Murray, Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Victoria (d. 1916)
    • 1857 – Alfred Binet, French psychologist and graphologist (d. 1911)
    • 1867 – Käthe Kollwitz, German painter and sculptor (d. 1945)
    • 1876 – Alexandros Papanastasiou, Greek sociologist and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1936)
    • 1882 – Percy Grainger, Australian-American pianist and composer (d. 1961)
    • 1885 – Ernst Bloch, German philosopher, author, and academic (d. 1977)
    • 1885 – Hugo Boss, German fashion designer, founded Hugo Boss (d. 1948)
    • 1890 – Stanton Macdonald-Wright, American painter (d. 1973)
    • 1892 – Richard Aldington, English author and poet (d. 1962)
    • 1892 – Pavel Korin, Russian painter (d. 1967)
    • 1893 – R. Carlyle Buley, American historian and author (d. 1968)
    • 1894 – Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
    • 1895 – Igor Tamm, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
    • 1898 – Melville Ruick, American actor (d. 1972)
    • 1900 – George Antheil, American pianist, composer, and author (d. 1959)
    • 1904 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician and academic (d. 2008)
    • 1905 – Leonid Amalrik, Russian animator and director (d. 1997)
    • 1906 – Philip Johnson, American architect, designed the IDS Center and PPG Place (d. 2005)
    • 1907 – George W. Romney, American businessman and politician, 43rd Governor of Michigan (d. 1995)
    • 1908 – Louis Jordan, American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and actor (d. 1975)
    • 1908 – Nelson Rockefeller, American businessman and politician, 41st Vice President of the United States (d. 1979)
    • 1908 – V. K. R. Varadaraja Rao, Indian economist, politician, professor and educator (d. 1991)
    • 1909 – Alan Brown, English soldier (d. 1971)
    • 1909 – Ike Petersen, American football back (d. 1995)
    • 1910 – Carlos Betances Ramírez, Puerto Rican general (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – Ken Farnes, English cricketer (d. 1941)
    • 1913 – Alejandra Soler, Spanish politician (d. 2017)
    • 1914 – Jyoti Basu, Indian politician, 6th Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Billy Eckstine, American singer and trumpet player (d. 1993)
    • 1915 – Neil D. Van Sickle, American Air Force major general (d. 2019)
    • 1915 – Lowell English, United States Marine Corps general (d. 2005)
    • 1916 – Jean Rouverol, American author, actress and screenwriter (d. 2017)
    • 1917 – Pamela Brown, English actress (d. 1975)
    • 1917 – Faye Emerson, American actress (d. 1983)
    • 1917 – J. F. Powers, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1999)
    • 1918 – Paul B. Fay, American businessman, soldier, and diplomat, 12th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 2009)
    • 1918 – Irwin Hasen, American illustrator (d. 2015)
    • 1918 – Oluf Reed-Olsen, Norwegian resistance member and pilot (d. 2002)
    • 1918 – Julia Pirie, British spy working for MI5 (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Edward B. Giller, U.S Major General (d. 2017)
    • 1918 – Craig Stevens, American actor (d. 2000)
    • 1919 – Walter Scheel, German soldier and politician, 4th President of West Germany (d. 2016)
    • 1920 – Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, Danish businessman (d. 1995)
    • 1921 – John Money, New Zealand psychologist and sexologist, responsible for controversial sexual identity study on David Reimer (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Harrison Dillard, American sprinter and hurdler (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Johnnie Johnson, American pianist and songwriter (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Charles C. Droz, American politician
    • 1925 – Marco Cé, Italian cardinal (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Arthur Imperatore Sr., Italian-American businessman from New Jersey
    • 1925 – Bill Mackrides, American football quarterback (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Dominique Nohain, French actor, screenwriter and director (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – David Malet Armstrong, Australian philosopher and author (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – John Dingell, American lieutenant and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Martin Riesen, Swiss professional ice hockey goaltender
    • 1926 – Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, Swiss-American psychiatrist and author (d. 2004)
    • 1927 – Maurice Hayes, Irish educator and politician (d. 2017)
    • 1927 – Khensur Lungri Namgyel, Tibetan religious leader
    • 1927 – Bob Beckham, American country singer (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Balakh Sher Mazari, former Prime Minister of Pakistan
    • 1930 – Jerry Vale, American singer (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Antonio Lamer, Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Chief Justice of Canada (d. 2007)
    • 1934 – Raquel Correa, Chilean journalist (d. 2012)
    • 1934 – Marty Feldman, English actor and screenwriter (d. 1982)
    • 1934 – Edward D. DiPrete, American politician
    • 1935 – John David Crow, American football player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1935 – Steve Lawrence, American actor and singer
    • 1935 – Vitaly Sevastyanov, Russian engineer and astronaut (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Diane Clare, English actress (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Ed Lumley, Canadian businessman and politician, 8th Canadian Minister of Communications
    • 1940 – Joe B. Mauldin, American bass player and songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1941 – Dario Gradi, Italian-English footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1942 – Phil Gramm, American economist and politician
    • 1944 – Jaimoe, American drummer
    • 1944 – Jeffrey Tambor, American actor and singer
    • 1945 – Micheline Calmy-Rey, Swiss politician, 91st President of the Swiss Confederation
    • 1947 – Kim Darby, American actress
    • 1947 – Jenny Diski, English author and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1947 – Luis Fernando Figari, Peruvian religious leader, founded the Sodalitium Christianae Vitae
    • 1948 – Raffi, Egyptian-Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1948 – Ruby Sales, American civil-rights activist
    • 1949 – Wolfgang Puck, Austrian-American chef, restaurateur and entrepreneur
    • 1949 – Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, Indian politician, 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (d. 2009)
    • 1951 – Alan Ashby, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster
    • 1951 – Anjelica Huston, American actress and director
    • 1952 – Larry Garner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1952 – Jack Lambert, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1952 – Marianne Williamson, American author and activist
    • 1956 – Terry Puhl, Canadian baseball player and coach
    • 1957 – Carlos Cavazo, Mexican-American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1957 – Aleksandr Gurnov, Russian journalist and author
    • 1958 – Kevin Bacon, American actor and musician
    • 1958 – Andreas Carlgren, Swedish educator and politician, 8th Swedish Minister for the Environment
    • 1958 – Tzipi Livni, Israeli lawyer and politician, 18th Justice Minister of Israel
    • 1959 – Pauline Quirke, English actress
    • 1960 – Mal Meninga, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1961 – Ces Drilon, Filipino journalist
    • 1961 – Andrew Fletcher, English keyboard player
    • 1961 – Toby Keith, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
    • 1961 – Karl Seglem, Norwegian saxophonist and record producer
    • 1962 – Joan Osborne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1963 – Mark Christopher, American director and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Alexei Gusarov, Russian ice hockey player and manager
    • 1965 – Dan Levinson, American clarinet player, saxophonist, and bandleader
    • 1966 – Ralf Altmeyer, German-Chinese virologist and academic
    • 1966 – Shadlog Bernicke, Nauruan politician
    • 1967 – Jordan Chan, Hong Kong actor and singer
    • 1968 – Billy Crudup, American actor
    • 1968 – Shane Howarth, New Zealand rugby player and coach
    • 1969 – Sugizo, Japanese singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer
    • 1970 – Beck, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1970 – Sylvain Gaudreault, Canadian educator and politician
    • 1970 – Todd Martin, American tennis player and coach
    • 1971 – Neil Jenkins, Welsh rugby player and coach
    • 1972 – Karl Dykhuis, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1972 – Sourav Ganguly, Indian cricketer
    • 1972 – Shōsuke Tanihara, Japanese actor
    • 1974 – Hu Liang, Chinese field hockey player
    • 1976 – Talal El Karkouri, Moroccan footballer
    • 1976 – David Kennedy, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1976 – Ellen MacArthur, English sailor
    • 1977 – Christian Abbiati, Italian footballer
    • 1977 – Paolo Tiralongo, Italian cyclist
    • 1977 – Milo Ventimiglia, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1977 – Wang Zhizhi, Chinese basketball player
    • 1978 – Urmas Rooba, Estonian footballer
    • 1979 – Mat McBriar, American football player
    • 1979 – Ben Jelen, Scottish-American singer-songwriter
    • 1980 – Eric Chouinard, American-Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Robbie Keane, Irish footballer
    • 1981 – Wolfram Müller, German runner
    • 1981 – Anastasia Myskina, Russian tennis player
    • 1982 – Sophia Bush, American actress and director
    • 1982 – Hakim Warrick, American basketball player
    • 1983 – John Bowker, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Rich Peverley, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Jaime Garcia, Mexican baseball player
    • 1986 – Renata Costa, Brazilian footballer
    • 1988 – Miki Roqué, Spanish footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1988 – Jesse Sergent, New Zealand cyclist
    • 1988 – Dave Taylor, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Yarden Gerbi, Israeli Judo champion
    • 1989 – Tor Marius Gromstad, Norwegian footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1991 – Virgil van Dijk, Dutch footballer
    • 1992 – Ariel Camacho, Mexican singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1992 – Son Heung-min, Korean footballer
    • 1992 – Xander Mobus, American voice actor
    • 1997 – Bryce Love, American football player
    • 1997 – Lauran Hibberd, English singer-songwriter
    • 1998 – Jaden Smith, American actor and rapper

    Deaths on July 8

    • 689 – Kilian, Irish bishop
    • 810 – Pepin of Italy, son of Charlemagne (b. 773)
    • 873 – Gunther, archbishop of Cologne
    • 900 – Qatr al-Nada, wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Mu’tadid
    • 901 – Grimbald, French-English monk and saint (b. 827)
    • 975 – Edgar the Peaceful, English king (b. 943)
    • 1153 – Pope Eugene III (b. 1087)
    • 1253 – Theobald I of Navarre (b. 1201)
    • 1261 – Adolf IV of Holstein, Count of Schauenburg
    • 1390 – Albert of Saxony, Bishop of Halberstadt and German philosopher (b. circa 1320)
    • 1538 – Diego de Almagro, Spanish general and explorer (b. 1475)
    • 1623 – Pope Gregory XV (b. 1554)
    • 1689 – Edward Wooster, English-American settler (b. 1622)
    • 1695 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1629)
    • 1716 – Robert South, English preacher and theologian (b. 1634)
    • 1721 – Elihu Yale, American-English merchant and philanthropist (b. 1649)
    • 1784 – Torbern Bergman, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (b. 1735)
    • 1794 – Richard Mique, French architect (b. 1728)
    • 1820 – Octavia Taylor, daughter of Zachary Taylor (b. 1816)
    • 1822 – Percy Bysshe Shelley, English poet and playwright (b. 1792)
    • 1850 – Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (b. 1774)
    • 1859 – Oscar I of Sweden (b. 1799)
    • 1873 – Franz Xaver Winterhalter, German painter and lithographer (b. 1805)
    • 1887 – Ben Holladay, American businessman (b. 1819)
    • 1895 – Johann Josef Loschmidt, Austrian chemist and physicist (b. 1821)
    • 1905 – Walter Kittredge, American violinist and composer (b. 1834)
    • 1913 – Louis Hémon, French-Canadian author (b. 1880)
    • 1917 – Tom Thomson, Canadian painter (b. 1877)
    • 1930 – Joseph Ward, Australian-New Zealand businessman and politician, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1856)
    • 1933 – Anthony Hope, English author and playwright (b. 1863)
    • 1934 – Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer and academic (b. 1848)
    • 1939 – Havelock Ellis, English psychologist and author (b. 1859)
    • 1941 – Moses Schorr, Polish rabbi, historian, and politician (b. 1874)
    • 1942 – Louis Franchet d’Espèrey, Algerian-French general (b. 1856)
    • 1942 – Refik Saydam, Turkish physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1881)
    • 1943 – Jean Moulin, French soldier (b. 1899)
    • 1950 – Othmar Spann, Austrian sociologist, economist, and philosopher (b. 1878)
    • 1952 – August Alle, Estonian lawyer, author, and poet (b. 1890)
    • 1956 – Giovanni Papini, Italian journalist, author, and critic (b. 1881)
    • 1965 – Thomas Sigismund Stribling, American lawyer and author (b. 1881)
    • 1968 – Désiré Mérchez, French swimmer and water polo player (b. 1882)
    • 1971 – Kurt Reidemeister, German mathematician connected to the Vienna Circle (b. 1893)
    • 1972 – Ghassan Kanafani, Palestinian writer and politician (b. 1936)
    • 1973 – Gene L. Coon, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)
    • 1973 – Ben-Zion Dinur, Russian-Israeli educator and politician, 4th Education Minister of Israel (b. 1884)
    • 1973 – Wilfred Rhodes, English cricketer and coach (b. 1877)
    • 1979 – Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
    • 1979 – Michael Wilding, English actor (b. 1912)
    • 1979 – Robert Burns Woodward, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 1981 – Bill Hallahan, American baseball player (b. 1902)
    • 1985 – Phil Foster, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1913)
    • 1985 – Jean-Paul Le Chanois, French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1909)
    • 1986 – Skeeter Webb, American baseball player and manager (b. 1909)
    • 1987 – Lionel Chevrier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Canadian Minister of Justice (b. 1903)
    • 1987 – Gerardo Diego, Spanish poet and author (b. 1896)
    • 1988 – Ray Barbuti, American runner and football player (b. 1905)
    • 1990 – Howard Duff, American actor (b. 1913)
    • 1991 – James Franciscus, American actor (b. 1934)
    • 1994 – Christian-Jaque, French director and screenwriter (b. 1904)
    • 1994 – Kim Il-sung, North Korean commander and politician, President of North Korea (b. 1912)
    • 1994 – Lars-Eric Lindblad, Swedish-American businessman and explorer (b. 1927)
    • 1994 – Dick Sargent, American actor (b. 1930)
    • 1996 – Irene Prador, Austrian-born actress and writer (b. 1911)
    • 1998 – Lilí Álvarez, Spanish tennis player, author, and feminist (b. 1905)
    • 1999 – Pete Conrad, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1930)
    • 2001 – John O’Shea, New Zealand director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – Ward Kimball, American animator and trombonist (b. 1914)
    • 2004 – Paula Danziger, American author and educator (b. 1944)
    • 2005 – Maurice Baquet, French actor and cellist (b. 1911)
    • 2006 – June Allyson, American actress and singer (b. 1917)
    • 2007 – Chandra Shekhar, Indian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of India (b. 1927)
    • 2007 – Jack B. Sowards, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1929)
    • 2008 – John Templeton, American-born British businessman and philanthropist (b. 1912)
    • 2009 – Midnight, American singer-songwriter (b. 1962)
    • 2011 – Roberts Blossom, American actor and poet (b. 1924)
    • 2011 – Betty Ford, First Lady of the United States (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Muhammed bin Saud Al Saud, Saudi Arabian politician (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Ernest Borgnine, American actor (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Gyang Dalyop Datong, Nigerian physician and politician (b. 1959)
    • 2012 – Martin Pakledinaz, American costume designer (b. 1953)
    • 2013 – Dick Gray, American baseball player (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Edmund Morgan, American historian and author (b. 1916)
    • 2013 – Claudiney Ramos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1980)
    • 2013 – Rubby Sherr, American physicist and academic (b. 1913)
    • 2013 – Sundri Uttamchandani, Indian author (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Brett Walker, American songwriter and producer (b. 1961)
    • 2014 – Plínio de Arruda Sampaio, Brazilian lawyer and politician (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – John V. Evans, American soldier and politician, 27th Governor of Idaho (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Ben Pangelinan, Guamanian businessman and politician (b. 1956)
    • 2014 – Howard Siler, American bobsledder and coach (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Tom Veryzer, American baseball player (b. 1953)
    • 2015 – Ken Stabler, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1945)
    • 2015 – James Tate, American poet (b. 1943)
    • 2016 – Abdul Sattar Edhi, Pakistani philanthropist (b. 1928)
    • 2018 – Tab Hunter, American actor, pop singer, film producer and author (b. 1931)

    Holidays and observances on July 8

    • Christian Feast Day:
      • Abda and Sabas
      • Auspicius of Trier
      • Grimbald
      • Kilian, Totnan, and Colman
      • Peter and Fevronia Day (Russian Orthodox)
      • Procopius of Scythopolis
      • Sunniva and companions
      • Theobald of Marly
      • July 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Air Force and Air Defense Forces Day (Ukraine)

  • July 5- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 328 – The official opening of Constantine’s Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus (Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius.
    • 1316 – The Burgundian and Majorcan claimants of the Principality of Achaea meet in the Battle of Manolada.
    • 1594 – Portuguese forces under the command of Pedro Lopes de Sousa begin an unsuccessful invasion of the Kingdom of Kandy during the Campaign of Danture in Sri Lanka.
    • 1610 – John Guy sets sail from Bristol with 39 other colonists for Newfoundland.
    • 1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.
    • 1770 – The Battle of Chesma between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire begins.
    • 1775 – The Second Continental Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
    • 1803 – The Convention of Artlenburg is signed, leading to the French occupation of the Electorate of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
    • 1807 – In Buenos Aires the local militias repel the British soldiers within the Second English Invasion.
    • 1809 – The largest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of Wagram is fought between the French and Austrian Empires.
    • 1811 – The Venezuelan Declaration of Independence is adopted by a congress of the provinces.
    • 1813 – War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York commence.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa: American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.
    • 1833 – Lê Văn Khôi along with 27 soldiers stage a mutiny taking over the Phiên An citadel, developing into the Lê Văn Khôi revolt against Emperor Minh Mạng.
    • 1833 – Admiral Charles Napier vanquishes the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
    • 1841 – Thomas Cook organises the first package excursion, from Leicester to Loughborough.
    • 1884 – Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
    • 1915 – The Liberty Bell leaves Philadelphia by special train on its way to the Panama–Pacific International Exposition. This is the last trip outside Philadelphia that the custodians of the bell intend to permit.
    • 1934 – “Bloody Thursday”: Police open fire on striking longshoremen in San Francisco.
    • 1935 – The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
    • 1937 – Spam, the luncheon meat, is introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
    • 1940 – World War II: Foreign relations of Vichy France are severed with the United Kingdom.
    • 1941 – World War II: Operation Barbarossa: German troops reach the Dnieper river.
    • 1943 – World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
    • 1943 – World War II: German forces begin a massive offensive against the Soviet Union at the Battle of Kursk, also known as Operation Citadel.
    • 1946 – Micheline Bernardini models the first modern bikini at a swimming pool in Paris.
    • 1948 – National Health Service Acts create the national public health system in the United Kingdom.
    • 1950 – Korean War: Task Force Smith: American and North Korean forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan.
    • 1950 – Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
    • 1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
    • 1954 – Elvis Presley records his first single, “That’s All Right”, at Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee.
    • 1962 – The official independence of Algeria is proclaimed after an 8-year-long war with France.
    • 1971 – The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon.
    • 1973 – A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills eleven firefighters.
    • 1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
    • 1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
    • 1977 – Military coup in Pakistan: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, is overthrown.
    • 1980 – Swedish tennis player Björn Borg wins his fifth Wimbledon final and becomes the first male tennis player to win the championships five times in a row (1976–1980).
    • 1987 – Sri Lankan Civil War: The LTTE uses suicide attacks on the Sri Lankan Army for the first time. The Black Tigers are born and, in the following years, will continue to kill with the tactic.
    • 1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions are later overturned.
    • 1995 – Armenia adopts its constitution, four years after its independence from the Soviet Union.
    • 1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell.
    • 1997 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP A. Thangathurai is shot dead at Sri Shanmuga Hindu Ladies College in Trincomalee.
    • 1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan.
    • 2004 – The first direct Indonesian presidential election is held.
    • 2006 – North Korea tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan.
    • 2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.
    • 2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered in England, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, Staffordshire.
    • 2012 – The Shard in London is inaugurated as the tallest building in Europe, with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft).
    • 2016 – The Juno space probe arrives at Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet.

    Births on July 5

    • 465 – Ahkal Mo’ Naab’ I, Mayan ruler (d. 524)
    • 980 – Mokjong of Goryeo, Korean king (d. 1009)
    • 1029 – Al-Mustansir Billah, Fatimid caliph (d. 1094)
    • 1057 – Al-Ghazali, Iranian jurist, philosopher, and mystic (d. 1111)
    • 1321 – Joan of the Tower, English consort of David II of Scotland (d. 1362)
    • 1466 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian nobleman (d. 1510)
    • 1547 – Garzia de’ Medici, Tuscan son of Cosimo I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1562)
    • 1549 – Francesco Maria del Monte, Italian cardinal and art collector (d. 1627)
    • 1554 – Elisabeth of Austria, French queen (d. 1592)
    • 1580 – Carlo Contarini, doge of Venice (d. 1656)
    • 1586 – Thomas Hooker, English-born founder of the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1647)
    • 1593 – Achille d’Étampes de Valençay, French military leader (d. 1646)
    • 1653 – Thomas Pitt, English businessman and politician (d. 1726)
    • 1670 – Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg, countess palatine (d. 1748)
    • 1675 – Mary Walcott, American accuser and witness at the Salem witch trials (d. 1719)
    • 1709 – Étienne de Silhouette, French translator and politician, Controller-General of Finances (d. 1767)
    • 1717 – Peter III, Portuguese king (d. 1786)
    • 1718 – Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1794)
    • 1745 – Carl Arnold Kortum, German physician and poet (d. 1824)
    • 1755 – Sarah Siddons, English actress (d. 1831)
    • 1780 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (d. 1838)
    • 1793 – Pavel Pestel, Russian officer (d. 1826)
    • 1794 – Sylvester Graham, American minister and activist (d. 1851)
    • 1801 – David Farragut, American admiral (d. 1870)
    • 1802 – Pavel Nakhimov, Russian admiral (d. 1855)
    • 1803 – George Borrow, British writer (d. 1881)
    • 1805 – Robert FitzRoy, English captain, meteorologist, and politician, 2nd Governor of New Zealand (d. 1865)
    • 1810 – P. T. Barnum, American businessman, co-founded Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus (d. 1891)
    • 1820 – William John Macquorn Rankine, Scottish physicist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1872)
    • 1829 – Ignacio Mariscal, Mexican politician and diplomat, Secretary of Foreign Affairs for Mexico (d. 1910)
    • 1832 – Pavel Chistyakov, Russian painter and educator (d. 1919)
    • 1841 – William Collins Whitney, American financier and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1904)
    • 1849 – William Thomas Stead, English journalist (d. 1912)
    • 1853 – Cecil Rhodes, English-South African businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cape Colony (d. 1902)
    • 1857 – Clara Zetkin, German theorist and activist (d. 1933)
    • 1857 – Julien Tiersot, French musicologist and composer (d. 1936)
    • 1860 – Robert Bacon, American colonel and politician, 39th United States Secretary of State (d. 1919)
    • 1860 – Mathieu Jaboulay, French surgeon (d. 1913)
    • 1862 – George Nuttall, American-British bacteriologist (d. 1937)
    • 1862 – Horatio Caro, English chess master (d. 1920)
    • 1864 – Stephan Krehl, German composer (d. 1924)
    • 1867 – A. E. Douglass, American astronomer (d. 1962)
    • 1872 – Édouard Herriot, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1957)
    • 1874 – Eugen Fischer, German physician and academic (d. 1967)
    • 1879 – Dwight F. Davis, American tennis player and politician, 49th United States Secretary of War (d. 1945)
    • 1879 – Wanda Landowska, Polish-French harpsichord player and educator (d. 1959)
    • 1880 – Jan Kubelík, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1940)
    • 1880 – Constantin Tănase, Romanian actor and playwright (d. 1945)
    • 1882 – Inayat Khan, Indian mystic and educator (d. 1927)
    • 1883 – Gustave Lanctot, Canadian historian, author, and academic (d. 1975)
    • 1884 – Enrico Dante, Italian cardinal (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Blas Infante, Spanish historian and politician (d. 1936)
    • 1885 – André Lhote, French sculptor and painter (d. 1962)
    • 1886 – Willem Drees, Dutch politician and historian, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1948–1958) (d. 1988)
    • 1886 – Prince John Konstantinovich of Russia (d. 1918)
    • 1888 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1963)
    • 1888 – Louise Freeland Jenkins, American astronomer and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1889 – Jean Cocteau, French novelist, poet, and playwright (d. 1963)
    • 1890 – Frederick Lewis Allen, American historian and journalist (d. 1954)
    • 1891 – John Howard Northrop, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
    • 1891 – Tin Ujević, Croatian poet and translator (d. 1955)
    • 1893 – Anthony Berkeley Cox, English writer (d. 1971)
    • 1893 – Giuseppe Caselli, Italian painter (d. 1976)
    • 1894 – Ants Lauter, Estonian actor and director (d. 1973)
    • 1896 – Thomas Playford IV, Australian politician, 33rd Premier of South Australia (d. 1981)
    • 1898 – Georgios Grivas, Greek general (d. 1974)
    • 1899 – Marcel Achard, French playwright, screenwriter, and author (d. 1974)
    • 1900 – Yoshimaro Yamashina, Japanese ornithologist, founded the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology (d. 1989)
    • 1900 – Bernardus Johannes Alfrink, Dutch cardinal (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Julio Libonatti, Italian-Argentinian footballer (d. 1981)
    • 1902 – Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., American colonel and politician, 3rd United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 1985)
    • 1904 – Harold Acton, English scholar and author (d. 1994)
    • 1904 – Ernst Mayr, German-American biologist and ornithologist (d. 2005)
    • 1904 – Milburn Stone, American actor (d. 1980)
    • 1905 – Madeleine Sylvain-Bouchereau, Haitian sociologist and educator (d. 1970)
    • 1908 – Henri of Orléans, (d. 1999)
    • 1908 – Lyman S. Ayres II, American businessman (d. 1996)
    • 1910 – Georges Vedel, French lawyer and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1911 – Endel Aruja, Estonian-Canadian physicist and academic (d. 2008)
    • 1911 – Haydn Bunton, Sr., Australian footballer and coach (d. 1955)
    • 1911 – Giorgio Borġ Olivier, Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1980)
    • 1911 – Georges Pompidou, French banker and politician, 19th President of France (d. 1974)
    • 1913 – George Costakis, Russian art collector (d. 1990)
    • 1913 – Smiley Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1966)
    • 1914 – John Thomas Dunlop, American administrator and labor scholar (d. 2003)
    • 1914 – Annie Fischer, Hungarian pianist and composer (d. 1995)
    • 1915 – Babe Paley, American socialite (d. 1978)
    • 1915 – John Woodruff, American runner and commander (d. 2007)
    • 1915 – Al Timothy, Trinidadian musician and songwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Lívia Rév, Hungarian classical pianist (d. 2018)
    • 1916 – Ivor Powell, Welsh footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1918 – K. Karunakaran, Indian lawyer and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Kerala (d. 2010)
    • 1918 – Brian James, Australian actor (d. 2009)
    • 1918 – Zakaria Mohieddin, Egyptian general and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2012)
    • 1918 – George Rochberg, American composer and educator (d. 2005)
    • 1921 – Viktor Kulikov, Russian marshal (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Nanos Valaoritis, Greek author, poet, and playwright (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – George Moore, Australian jockey (d. 2008)
    • 1923 – Mitsuye Yamada, Japanese American activist
    • 1924 – János Starker, Hungarian-American cellist and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Edward Cassidy, Australian Roman Catholic cardinal priest
    • 1925 – Fernando de Szyszlo, Peruvian painter and sculptor (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Jean Raspail, French author and explorer (d. 2020)
    • 1926 – Diana Lynn, American actress (d. 1971)
    • 1928 – Pierre Mauroy, French educator and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Warren Oates, American actor (d. 1982)
    • 1929 – Jimmy Carruthers, Australian boxer (d. 1990)
    • 1929 – Katherine Helmond, American actress and director (d. 2019)
    • 1929 – Tony Lock, English cricketer (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Jovan Rašković, Serbian psychiatrist, academic, and politician (d. 1992)
    • 1929 – Jiří Reynek, Czech poet and graphic artist (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Chikao Ohtsuka, Japanese voice actor (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and politician, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (d. 2000)
    • 1932 – Gyula Horn, Hungarian politician, 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Paul-Gilbert Langevin, French musicologist, critic and physicist (d. 1986)
    • 1936 – Shirley Knight, American actress (d. 2020)
    • 1936 – James Mirrlees, Scottish economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1938 – Ronnie Self, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)
    • 1940 – Chuck Close, American painter and photographer
    • 1941 – Terry Cashman, American singer-songwriter and record producer
    • 1941 – Epeli Nailatikau, Fijian chief, President of Fiji
    • 1942 – Matthias Bamert, Swiss composer and conductor
    • 1942 – Hannes Löhr, German footballer, coach, and manager (d. 2016)
    • 1943 – Curt Blefary, American baseball player and coach (d. 2001)
    • 1943 – Mark Cox, English tennis player, coach and sportscaster
    • 1943 – Robbie Robertson, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
    • 1943 – Pierre Villepreux, French rugby player and coach
    • 1944 – Leni Björklund, Swedish politician, 28th Swedish Minister of Defence for Sweden
    • 1945 – Michael Blake, American author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1945 – Humberto Benítez Treviño, Mexican lawyer and politician, Attorney General of Mexico
    • 1946 – Pierre-Marc Johnson, Canadian lawyer, physician, and politician, 24th Premier of Quebec
    • 1946 – Paul Smith, English fashion designer
    • 1946 – Gerard ‘t Hooft, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1946 – Vladimir Mikhailovich Zakharov, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Todd Akin, American politician
    • 1949 – Ludwig G. Strauss, German physician and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1950 – Carlos Caszely, Chilean footballer
    • 1950 – Huey Lewis, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1950 – Michael Monarch, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1951 – Goose Gossage, American baseball player
    • 1951 – Roger Wicker, American colonel, lawyer, and politician
    • 1953 – Caryn Navy, American mathematician and computer scientist
    • 1954 – Jimmy Crespo, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1954 – John Wright, New Zealand cricketer and coach
    • 1955 – Tony Hadley, English footballer
    • 1955 – Peter McNamara, Australian tennis player and coach (d. 2019)
    • 1956 – Horacio Cartes, Paraguayan businessman and politician, President of Paraguay
    • 1956 – James Lofton, American football player and coach
    • 1957 – Carlo Thränhardt, German high jumper
    • 1957 – Doug Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1958 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (d. 1996)
    • 1958 – Bill Watterson, American author and illustrator
    • 1959 – Marc Cohn, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1960 – Pruitt Taylor Vince, American actor and director
    • 1962 – Sarina Hülsenbeck, German swimmer
    • 1963 – Edie Falco, American actress
    • 1964 – Ronald D. Moore, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1965 – Kathryn Erbe, American actress
    • 1965 – Eyran Katsenelenbogen, Israeli-American pianist and educator
    • 1966 – Susannah Doyle, English actress, director, and playwright
    • 1966 – Gianfranco Zola, Italian footballer and coach
    • 1968 – Ken Akamatsu, Japanese illustrator
    • 1968 – Kenji Ito, Japanese pianist and composer
    • 1968 – Nardwuar the Human Serviette, Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1968 – Hedi Slimane, French fashion designer and photographer
    • 1968 – Alex Zülle, Swiss cyclist
    • 1968 – Susan Wojcicki, Polish-American technology executive, CEO of YouTube
    • 1969 – Jenji Kohan, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1969 – Armin Kõomägi, Estonian author and screenwriter
    • 1969 – John LeClair, American ice hockey player
    • 1969 – RZA, American rapper, producer, actor, and director
    • 1970 – Mac Dre, American rapper and producer, founded Thizz Entertainment (d. 2004)
    • 1970 – Valentí Massana, Spanish race walker
    • 1971 – Derek McInnes, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1972 – Matthew Birir, Kenyan runner
    • 1972 – Robert Esmie, Canadian sprinter
    • 1972 – Gary Shteyngart, American writer
    • 1973 – Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer and coach
    • 1973 – Bengt Lagerberg, Swedish drummer
    • 1973 – Róisín Murphy, Irish singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1974 – Márcio Amoroso, Brazilian footballer
    • 1975 – Hernán Crespo, Argentinian footballer and coach
    • 1975 – Ai Sugiyama, Japanese tennis player
    • 1976 – Bizarre, American rapper
    • 1976 – Nuno Gomes, Portuguese footballer
    • 1977 – Nicolas Kiefer, German tennis player
    • 1977 – Steven Sharp Nelson, American cellist
    • 1978 – Britta Oppelt, German rower
    • 1978 – Allan Simonsen, Danish race car driver (d. 2013)
    • 1978 – İsmail YK, German-Turkish singer-songwriter
    • 1979 – Shane Filan, Irish singer-songwriter
    • 1979 – Amélie Mauresmo, French-Swiss tennis player
    • 1979 – Stiliyan Petrov, Bulgarian footballer and manager
    • 1980 – David Rozehnal, Czech footballer
    • 1980 – Mads Tolling, Danish-American violinist and composer
    • 1980 – Jason Wade, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1982 – Fabrício de Souza, Brazilian footballer
    • 1982 – Alexander Dimitrenko, Ukrainian-German boxer
    • 1982 – Alberto Gilardino, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Philippe Gilbert, Belgian cyclist
    • 1982 – Kate Gynther, Australian water polo player
    • 1982 – Dave Haywood, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1982 – Paíto, Mozambican footballer
    • 1982 – Javier Paredes, Spanish footballer
    • 1982 – Szabolcs Perenyi, Romanian-Hungarian footballer
    • 1982 – Beno Udrih, Slovenian basketball player
    • 1983 – Marco Estrada, Mexican baseball player
    • 1983 – Jonás Gutiérrez, Argentinian footballer
    • 1983 – Zheng Jie, Chinese tennis player
    • 1983 – Taavi Peetre, Estonian shot putter (d. 2010)
    • 1984 – Danay Garcia, Cuban actress
    • 1984 – Zack Miller, American golfer
    • 1985 – Alexandre R. Picard, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Megan Rapinoe, American soccer player
    • 1986 – Iurii Cheban, Ukrainian canoe sprinter
    • 1986 – Piermario Morosini, Italian footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1986 – Alexander Radulov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Owl City, American singer, songwriter and composer
    • 1987 – Ji Chang-wook, South Korean actor
    • 1987 – Mohd Safiq Rahim, Malaysian footballer
    • 1987 – Andrija Kaluđerović, Serbian footballer
    • 1987 – Alexander Kristoff, Norwegian cyclist
    • 1988 – Martin Liivamägi, Estonian swimmer
    • 1988 – Samir Ujkani, Albanian footballer
    • 1989 – Charlie Austin, English footballer
    • 1989 – Georgios Efrem, Cypriot footballer
    • 1989 – Dwight King, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Abeba Aregawi, Ethiopian-Swedish runner
    • 1992 – Alberto Moreno, Spanish footballer
    • 1992 – Chiara Scholl, American tennis player
    • 1993 – Yaroslav Kosov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1994 – Diana Harkusha, Ukrainian lawyer, dancer, model and beauty queen
    • 1994 – Shohei Ohtani, Japanese baseball player

    Deaths on July 5

    • 905 – Cui Yuan, Chinese chancellor
    • 905 – Dugu Sun, Chinese chancellor
    • 905 – Lu Yi, Chinese chancellor (b. 847)
    • 905 – Pei Shu, Chinese chancellor (b. 841)
    • 905 – Wang Pu, Chinese chancellor
    • 936 – Xu Ji, Chinese official and chancellor
    • 967 – Murakami, Japanese emperor (b. 926)
    • 1080 – Ísleifur Gissurarson, Icelandic bishop (b. 1006)
    • 1091 – William of Hirsau, German abbot
    • 1316 – Ferdinand, prince of Majorca (b. 1278)
    • 1375 – Charles III, French nobleman (b. 1337)
    • 1413 – Musa Çelebi, Ottoman prince and co-ruler
    • 1507 – Crinitus, Italian scholar and academic (b. 1475)
    • 1539 – Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Italian saint (b. 1502)
    • 1661 – Sir Hugh Speke, 1st Baronet
    • 1666 – Albert VI, German nobleman (b. 1584)
    • 1676 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish field marshal and politician (b. 1613)
    • 1715 – Charles Ancillon, French jurist and diplomat (b. 1659)
    • 1719 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general (b. 1641)
    • 1773 – Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (b. 1719)
    • 1819 – William Cornwallis, English admiral and politician (b.1744)
    • 1826 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (b. 1782)
    • 1833 – Nicéphore Niépce, French inventor, created the first known photograph (b. 1765)
    • 1859 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist and engineer (b. 1777)
    • 1862 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (b. 1800)
    • 1863 – Lewis Armistead, American general (b. 1817)
    • 1884 – Victor Massé, French composer (b. 1822)
    • 1908 – Jonas Lie, Norwegian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1833)
    • 1920 – Max Klinger, German painter and sculptor (b. 1857)
    • 1927 – Albrecht Kossel, German physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)
    • 1929 – Henry Johnson, American sergeant (b. 1897)
    • 1932 – Sasha Chorny, Russian poet and author (b. 1880)
    • 1935 – Bernard de Pourtalès, Swiss captain and sailor (b. 1870)
    • 1937 – Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (b. 1884)
    • 1943 – Kazimierz Junosza-Stępowski, Polish actor (b. 1880)
    • 1943 – Karin Swanström, Swedish actress, director, and producer (b. 1873)
    • 1945 – John Curtin, Australian journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1885)
    • 1948 – Georges Bernanos, French soldier and author (b. 1888)
    • 1948 – Carole Landis, American actress (b. 1919)
    • 1948 – Piet Aalberse, Dutch politician (b. 1871)
    • 1957 – Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar (b. 1887)
    • 1965 – Porfirio Rubirosa, Dominican race car driver, polo player, and diplomat (b. 1909)
    • 1966 – George de Hevesy, Hungarian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
    • 1969 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist and educator (b. 1884)
    • 1969 – Walter Gropius, German architect, designed the John F. Kennedy Federal Building and Werkbund Exhibition (b. 1883)
    • 1969 – Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician, 1st Kenyan Minister of Justice (b. 1930)
    • 1969 – Leo McCarey, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1898)
    • 1975 – Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano and actress (b. 1892)
    • 1983 – Harry James, American trumpet player and actor (b. 1916)
    • 1984 – Chic Murray, Canadian politician, 2nd Mayor of Mississauga (b. 1914)
    • 1991 – Howard Nemerov, American poet and essayist (b. 1920)
    • 1995 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (b. 1919)
    • 1997 – A. Thangathurai, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (b. 1936)
    • 1998 – Sid Luckman, American football player (b. 1916)
    • 2002 – Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (b. 1924)
    • 2002 – Ted Williams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1918)
    • 2004 – Hugh Shearer, Jamaican journalist and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Rodger Ward, American race car driver and sportscaster (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – James Stockdale, American admiral (b. 1923)
    • 2006 – Gert Fredriksson, Swedish canoe racer (b. 1919)
    • 2006 – Thirunalloor Karunakaran, Indian poet and scholar (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Kenneth Lay, American businessman (b. 1942)
    • 2006 – Amzie Strickland, American actress (b. 1919)
    • 2007 – Régine Crespin, French soprano (b. 1927)
    • 2007 – George Melly, English singer-songwriter and critic (b. 1926)
    • 2008 – Hasan Doğan, Turkish businessman (b. 1956)
    • 2010 – Bob Probert, Canadian ice hockey player and radio host (b. 1965)
    • 2011 – Cy Twombly, American-Italian painter, sculptor, and photographer (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Rob Goris, Belgian cyclist (b. 1982)
    • 2012 – Gerrit Komrij, Dutch author, poet, and playwright (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Colin Marshall, Baron Marshall of Knightsbridge, English businessman and politician (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Ruud van Hemert, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Bud Asher, American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – David Cargo, American politician, 22nd Governor of New Mexico (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Lambert Jackson Woodburne, South African admiral (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Rosemary Murphy, American actress (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Volodymyr Sabodan, Ukrainian metropolitan (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Hans-Ulrich Wehler, German historian and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Brett Wiesner, American soccer player (b. 1983)
    • 2015 – Archduchess Dorothea of Austria (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Uffe Haagerup, Danish mathematician and academic (b. 1949)
    • 2015 – Yoichiro Nambu, Japanese-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)

    Holidays and observances on July 5

    • Bloody Thursday (International Longshore and Warehouse Union)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Anthony Maria Zaccaria, priest (d. 1539)
      • Cyril and Methodius (a public holiday in Czech Republic and Slovakia)
      • Zoe of Rome (Roman Catholic Church)
      • July 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Armenia)
    • Independence Day (Algeria), celebrating the independence of Algeria from France in 1962.
    • Independence Day (Cape Verde), celebrating the independence of Cape Verde from Portugal in 1975.
    • Independence Day (Venezuela), celebrating the independence of Venezuela from Spain in 1811; also National Armed Forces Day.
    • Tynwald Day, if July 5 is on a weekend, the holiday is the following Monday. (Isle of Man)

  • June 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
    • 1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
    • 1556 – The thirteen Stratford Martyrs are burned at the stake near London for their Protestant beliefs.
    • 1743 – In the Battle of Dettingen, George II becomes the last reigning British monarch to participate in a battle.
    • 1760 – Anglo-Cherokee War: Cherokee warriors defeat British forces at the Battle of Echoee near present-day Otto, North Carolina.
    • 1806 – British forces take Buenos Aires during the first of the British invasions of the River Plate.
    • 1844 – Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, and his brother Hyrum Smith, are killed by a mob at the Carthage, Illinois jail.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Confederate forces defeat Union forces during the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain during the Atlanta Campaign.
    • 1869 – The Republic of Ezo on the island of Hokkaido ends after being defeated by Japanese Imperial troops.
    • 1895 – The inaugural run of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad’s Royal Blue from Washington, D.C., to New York City, the first U.S. passenger train to use electric locomotives.
    • 1898 – The first solo circumnavigation of the globe is completed by Joshua Slocum from Briar Island, Nova Scotia.
    • 1905 – During the Russo-Japanese War, sailors start a mutiny aboard the Russian battleship Potemkin.
    • 1908 – A group of Vietnamese tirailleurs conducts a failed attempt to poison the entire French army’s garrison in the Hanoi Citadel with the aim to make way for Hoàng Hoa Thám’s rebel army to capture Hanoi.
    • 1923 – Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH.4B biplane.
    • 1927 – Prime Minister of Japan Tanaka Giichi convenes an eleven-day conference to discuss Japan’s strategy in China. The Tanaka Memorial, a forged plan for world domination, is later claimed to be a secret report leaked from this conference.
    • 1941 – Romanian authorities launch one of the most violent pogroms in Jewish history in the city of Iași, resulting in the murder of at least 13,266 Jews.
    • 1941 – World War II: German troops capture the city of Białystok during Operation Barbarossa.
    • 1946 – In the Canadian Citizenship Act, the Parliament of Canada establishes the definition of Canadian citizenship.
    • 1950 – The United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War.
    • 1954 – The Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant, the Soviet Union’s first nuclear power station, opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
    • 1954 – The FIFA World Cup quarterfinal match between Hungary and Brazil, highly anticipated to be exciting, instead turns violent, with three players ejected and further fighting continuing after the game.
    • 1957 – Hurricane Audrey makes landfall near the Texas–Louisiana border, killing over 400 people, mainly in and around Cameron, Louisiana.
    • 1973 – The President of Uruguay Juan María Bordaberry dissolves Parliament and establishes a dictatorship.
    • 1974 – U.S. president Richard Nixon visits the Soviet Union.
    • 1976 – Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) is hijacked en route to Paris by the PLO and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.
    • 1977 – France grants independence to Djibouti.
    • 1980 – The ‘Ustica massacre’: Itavia Flight 870 crashes in the sea while en route from Bologna to Palermo, Italy, killing all 81 on board.
    • 1981 – The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issues its “Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China”, laying the blame for the Cultural Revolution on Mao Zedong.
    • 1982 – Space Shuttle Columbia launched from the Kennedy Space Center on the final research and development flight mission, STS-4.
    • 1988 – The Gare de Lyon rail accident in Paris, France, kills 56 people.
    • 1991 – Slovenia, after declaring independence two days before is invaded by Yugoslav troops, tanks, and aircraft starting the Ten-Day War.
    • 1994 – Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult release sarin gas in Matsumoto, Japan. Seven people are killed, 660 injured.
    • 2007 – Tony Blair resigns as British Prime Minister, a position he had held since 1997. His Chancellor, Gordon Brown succeeds him.
    • 2007 – The Brazilian Military Police invades the favelas of Complexo do Alemão in an episode which is remembered as the Complexo do Alemão massacre.
    • 2008 – In a highly scrutinized election President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe is re-elected in a landslide after his opponent Morgan Tsvangirai had withdrawn a week earlier, citing violence against his party’s supporters.
    • 2013 – NASA launches the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, a space probe to observe the Sun.
    • 2014 – At least fourteen people are killed when a Gas Authority of India Limited pipeline explodes in the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
    • 2015 – Formosa Fun Coast fire: A dust fire occurs at a recreational water park in Taiwan, killing 15 people and injuring 497 others, 199 critically.
    • 2017 – A series of powerful cyberattacks using the Petya malware target websites of Ukrainian organizations and counterparts with Ukrainian connections around the globe.

    Births on June 27

    • 850 – Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir (d. 902)
    • 1350 – Manuel II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1425)
    • 1430 – Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter, Lancastrian leader (d. 1475)
    • 1462 – Louis XII, king of France (d. 1515)
    • 1464 – Ernst II of Saxony, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1476–1513) (d. 1513)
    • 1497 – Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1546)
    • 1550 – Charles IX, king of France (d. 1574)
    • 1596 – Maximilian, Prince of Dietrichstein (d. 1655)
    • 1696 – William Pepperrell, American merchant and soldier (d. 1759)
    • 1717 – Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier, French botanist and physicist (d. 1799)
    • 1767 – Alexis Bouvard, French astronomer and academic (d. 1843)
    • 1805 – Napoléon Coste, French guitarist and composer (d. 1883)
    • 1806 – Augustus De Morgan, English mathematician and logician (d. 1871)
    • 1812 – Anna Cabot Lowell Quincy Waterston, American writer (d. 1899)
    • 1817 – Louise von François, German author (d. 1893)
    • 1828 – Bryan O’Loghlen, Irish-Australian politician, 13th Premier of Victoria (d. 1905)
    • 1838 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1894)
    • 1838 – Paul Mauser, German weapon designer, designed the Gewehr 98 (d. 1914)
    • 1846 – Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish politician (d. 1891)
    • 1850 – Jørgen Pedersen Gram, Danish mathematician and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1850 – Lafcadio Hearn, Greek-Japanese historian and author (d. 1904)
    • 1862 – May Irwin, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 1938)
    • 1865 – John Monash, Australian engineer and general (d. 1931)
    • 1869 – Kate Carew, American illustrator and journalist (d. 1961)
    • 1869 – Emma Goldman, Lithuanian-Canadian philosopher and activist (d. 1940)
    • 1869 – Hans Spemann, German embryologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
    • 1870 – Frank Rattray Lillie, American zoologist and embryologist (d. 1947)
    • 1872 – Heber Doust Curtis, American astronomer (d. 1942)
    • 1872 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1906)
    • 1880 – Helen Keller, American author, academic, and activist (d. 1968)
    • 1882 – Eduard Spranger, German philosopher and academic (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (d. 1962)
    • 1885 – Pierre Montet, French historian and academic (d. 1966)
    • 1885 – Guilhermina Suggia, Portuguese cellist (d. 1950)
    • 1886 – Charlie Macartney, Australian cricketer and soldier (d. 1958)
    • 1888 – Lewis Bernstein Namier, Polish-English historian and academic (d. 1960)
    • 1888 – Antoinette Perry, American actress and director (d. 1946)
    • 1892 – Paul Colin, French illustrator (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Juan Trippe, American businessman, founded Pan American World Airways (d. 1981)
    • 1900 – Dixie Brown, British boxer (d. 1957)
    • 1901 – Merle Tuve, American geophysicist and academic (d. 1982)
    • 1905 – Armand Mondou, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1976)
    • 1906 – Catherine Cookson, English author and philanthropist (d. 1998)
    • 1906 – Vernon Watkins, Welsh-American poet and painter (d. 1967)
    • 1907 – John McIntire, American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – João Guimarães Rosa, Brazilian physician and author (d. 1967)
    • 1911 – Marion M. Magruder, American Marine officer, commander of the VMF(N)-533 squadron. (d. 1997)
    • 1912 – E. R. Braithwaite, Guyanese novelist, writer, teacher, and diplomat (d. 2016)
    • 1913 – Elton Britt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972)
    • 1913 – Philip Guston, American painter and academic (d. 1980)
    • 1913 – Willie Mosconi, American pool player (d. 1993)
    • 1914 – Robert Aickman, English author and activist, co-founded the Inland Waterways Association (d. 1981)
    • 1914 – Helena Benitez, Filipina academic and administrator (d. 2016)
    • 1914 – Margaret Ekpo, Nigerian women’s rights activist, social mobilizer and politician (d. 2006)
    • 1914 – Giorgio Almirante, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1988)
    • 1915 – Grace Lee Boggs, American philosopher, author, and activist (d. 2015)
    • 1915 – Aideu Handique, Indian actress (d. 2002)
    • 1915 – John Alexander Moore, American zoologist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Robert Normann, Norwegian guitarist (d. 1998)
    • 1918 – Adolph Kiefer, American swimmer (d. 2017)
    • 1919 – M. Carl Holman, American author, educator, poet, and playwright (d. 1988)
    • 1919 – Amala Shankar, Indian danseuse
    • 1920 – Fernando Riera, Chilean football player and manager (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Muriel Pavlow, English actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – George Walker, American composer (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Jacques Berthier, French organist and composer (d. 1994)
    • 1923 – Elmo Hope, American pianist and composer (d. 1967)
    • 1924 – Bob Appleyard, English cricketer and businessman (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Leonard Lerman, American geneticist and biologist (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Doc Pomus, American singer-songwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1925 – Wayne Terwilliger, American second baseman, coach, and manager
    • 1927 – Bob Keeshan, American actor and producer (d. 2004)
    • 1928 – James Lincoln Collier, American journalist and author
    • 1928 – Rudy Perpich, American dentist and politician, 34th Governor of Minnesota (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Dick the Bruiser, American football player and wrestler (d. 1991)
    • 1929 – Peter Maas, American journalist and author (d. 2001)
    • 1930 – Ross Perot, American businessman and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Charles Bronfman, Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist
    • 1931 – Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1932 – Eddie Kasko, American baseball player and manager (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Anna Moffo, American operatic soprano (d. 2006)
    • 1932 – Hugh Wood, English composer
    • 1936 – Lucille Clifton, American author and poet (d. 2010)
    • 1936 – Shirley Anne Field, English actress
    • 1937 – Joseph P. Allen, American physicist and astronaut
    • 1937 – Otto Herrigel, Namibian lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Kirkpatrick Sale, American author and scholar
    • 1938 – Bruce Babbitt, American lawyer and politician, 47th United States Secretary of the Interior
    • 1938 – David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead, Scottish lieutenant and judge
    • 1938 – Konrad Kujau, German illustrator (d. 2000)
    • 1939 – R. D. Burman, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 1994)
    • 1939 – Neil Hawke, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 2000)
    • 1940 – Ian Lang, Baron Lang of Monkton, Scottish politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1941 – Bill Baxley, American lawyer and politician, 24th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
    • 1941 – James P. Hogan, English-Irish author (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1942 – Bruce Johnston, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1942 – Frank Mills, Canadian pianist and composer
    • 1942 – Danny Schechter, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1943 – Ravi Batra, Indian-American economist and academic
    • 1944 – Angela King, English environmentalist and author, co-founded Common Ground
    • 1944 – Patrick Sercu, Belgian cyclist (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – Joey Covington, American drummer, songwriter, and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1945 – Norma Kamali, American fashion designer
    • 1945 – Ragnar Søderlind, Norwegian composer
    • 1948 – Camile Baudoin, American guitarist
    • 1949 – Vera Wang, American fashion designer
    • 1951 – Ulf Andersson, Swedish chess player
    • 1951 – Julia Duffy, American actress
    • 1951 – Gilson Lavis, English drummer and portrait artist
    • 1951 – Mary McAleese, Irish academic and politician, 8th President of Ireland
    • 1952 – Madan Bhandari, Nepalese politician (d. 1993)
    • 1953 – Igor Gräzin, Estonian academic and politician
    • 1953 – Alice McDermott, American novelist
    • 1954 – Richard Ibbotson, English admiral
    • 1955 – Isabelle Adjani, French actress
    • 1956 – Heiner Dopp, German field hockey player and politician
    • 1957 – Gabriella Dorio, Italian runner
    • 1958 – Lisa Germano, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1958 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
    • 1959 – Dan Jurgens, American author and illustrator
    • 1959 – Lorrie Morgan, American singer
    • 1960 – Craig Hodges, American basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Robert King, English harpsichordist and conductor
    • 1960 – Jeremy Swift, English actor
    • 1962 – Michael Ball, English actor and singer
    • 1962 – Sunanda Pushkar, India-born Canadian businesswoman (d. 2014)
    • 1963 – Wendy Alexander, Scottish politician, Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning
    • 1963 – Johnny Benson Jr., American race car driver
    • 1964 – Stephan Brenninkmeijer, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Chuck Person, American basketball player and coach
    • 1965 – Simon Sebag Montefiore, English journalist, historian, and author
    • 1965 – S. Manikavasagam, Malaysian politician and social activist
    • 1965 – Óscar Vega, Spanish boxer
    • 1966 – J.J. Abrams, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Jörg Bergen, German footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Jeff Conine, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Aigars Kalvītis, Latvian politician, businessman, and former Prime Minister of Latvia
    • 1967 – Sylvie Fréchette, Canadian swimmer and coach
    • 1967 – George Hamilton, Northern Irish police officer
    • 1967 – Vasiliy Kaptyukh, Belarusian discus thrower
    • 1967 – Phil Kearns, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Kelly Ayotte, American lawyer and politician, New Hampshire Attorney General
    • 1969 – Viktor Petrenko, Ukrainian figure skater
    • 1970 – Régine Cavagnoud, French skier (d. 2001)
    • 1970 – John Eales, Australian rugby player and businessman
    • 1970 – Jim Edmonds, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Jo Frost, English nanny, television personality, and author
    • 1971 – Serginho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1972 – Dawud Wharnsby, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1973 – Abbath Doom Occulta, Norwegian musician
    • 1973 – Simon Archer, English badminton player
    • 1974 – Christian Kane, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1974 – Christopher O’Neill, English-American businessman
    • 1975 – Ace Darling, American wrestler
    • 1975 – Bianca Del Rio, American drag queen & comedian
    • 1975 – Sarah Evanetz, Canadian swimmer
    • 1975 – Tobey Maguire, American actor
    • 1975 – Daryle Ward, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Johnny Estrada, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Leigh Nash, American singer-songwriter
    • 1977 – Arkadiusz Radomski, Polish footballer
    • 1978 – Apparat, German musician
    • 1980 – Hugo Campagnaro, Argentinian footballer
    • 1980 – Jennifer Goodridge, American keyboard player
    • 1980 – Alexander Peya, Austrian tennis player
    • 1980 – Kevin Pietersen, South African-English cricketer
    • 1980 – Craig Terrill, American football player
    • 1981 – Andrew Embley, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Jim Johnson, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Dale Steyn, South African cricketer
    • 1983 – Nikola Rakočević, Serbian actor
    • 1984 – Khloé Kardashian, American model, businesswoman, and radio host
    • 1984 – D.J. King, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Jose Holebas, German-Greek footballer
    • 1984 – Gökhan Inler, Swiss footballer
    • 1985 – James Hook, Welsh rugby player
    • 1985 – Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player
    • 1985 – Nico Rosberg, German race car driver
    • 1986 – Sam Claflin, British actor
    • 1986 – Drake Bell, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1986 – Bryan Fletcher, American skier
    • 1986 – LaShawn Merritt, American sprinter
    • 1987 – India de Beaufort, English actress
    • 1987 – Ed Westwick, English actor
    • 1988 – Stefani Bismpikou, Greek gymnast
    • 1988 – Matthew Spiranovic, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Kate Ziegler, American swimmer
    • 1989 – Hana Birnerová, Czech tennis player
    • 1989 – Matthew Lewis, English actor
    • 1992 – Ahn So-hee, South Korean singer and actress
    • 1992 – Karthika Nair, Indian film actress
    • 1993 – Johanna Talihärm, Estonian biathlete
    • 1993 – Alberto Campbell-Staines, Australian athlete
    • 1994 – Anita Husarić, Bosnian tennis player
    • 1995 – Monté Morris, American basketball player

    Deaths on June 27

    • 992 – Conan I of Rennes, Duke of Brittany
    • 1162 – Odo II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1118)
    • 1194 – King Sancho VI of Navarre (b. 1132)
    • 1296 – Floris V, Count of Holland (b. 1254)
    • 1458 – Alfonso V of Aragon (b. 1396)
    • 1497 – Michael An Gof, rebel leader
    • 1497 – Thomas Flamank, rebel leader
    • 1574 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian historian, painter, and architect (b. 1511)
    • 1601 – Henry Norris, 1st Baron Norreys (b. 1525)
    • 1603 – Jan Dymitr Solikowski, Polish archbishop (b. 1539)
    • 1627 – John Hayward, English historian, journalist, and politician (b. 1564)
    • 1636 – Date Masamune, Japanese strongman (b. 1567)
    • 1654 – Johannes Valentinus Andreae, German theologian (b. 1586)
    • 1655 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1598)
    • 1672 – Roger Twysden, English historian and politician (b. 1597)
    • 1720 – Guillaume Amfrye de Chaulieu, French poet and author (b. 1639)
    • 1794 – Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg (b. 1711)
    • 1794 – Philippe de Noailles, French general (b. 1715)
    • 1827 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian and academic (b. 1754)
    • 1829 – James Smithson, English chemist and mineralogist (b. 1765)
    • 1831 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
    • 1839 – Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (b. 1780)
    • 1844 – Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (b. 1800)
    • 1844 – Joseph Smith, American religious leader, founded the Latter Day Saint movement (b. 1805)
    • 1878 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (b. 1800)
    • 1894 – Giorgio Costantino Schinas, Maltese architect and civil engineer (b. 1834)
    • 1896 – John Berryman, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1825)
    • 1905 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (b. 1867)
    • 1907 – Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, American educator, co-founded Radcliffe College (b. 1822)
    • 1911 – Victor Surridge, English motorcycle racer (b. 1882)
    • 1912 – George Bonnor, Australian cricketer (b. 1855)
    • 1917 – Karl Allmenröder, German soldier and pilot (b. 1896)
    • 1919 – Peter Sturholdt, American boxer (b. 1885)
    • 1920 – Adolphe-Basile Routhier, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1839)
    • 1934 – Francesco Buhagiar, Maltese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876)
    • 1935 – Eugene Augustin Lauste, French-American inventor (b. 1857)
    • 1944 – Milan Hodža, Czech journalist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. 1878)
    • 1946 – Wanda Gág, American author and illustrator (b. 1893)
    • 1949 – Frank Smythe, English botanist and mountaineer (b. 1900)
    • 1950 – Milada Horáková, Czech politician, victim of judicial murder (b. 1901)
    • 1952 – Max Dehn, German-American mathematician and academic (b. 1878)
    • 1957 – Hermann Buhl, Austrian soldier and mountaineer (b. 1924)
    • 1960 – Lottie Dod, English tennis player, golfer, and archer (b. 1871)
    • 1962 – Paul Viiding, Estonian author, poet, and critic (b. 1904)
    • 1967 – Jaan Lattik, Estonian pastor and politician, 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (b. 1878)
    • 1970 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler and scholar (b. 1902)
    • 1975 – G.I. Taylor, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1886)
    • 1986 – George Nepia, New Zealand rugby player and referee (b. 1905)
    • 1987 – Billy Snedden, Australian lawyer and politician, 17th Attorney-General for Australia (b. 1926)
    • 1989 – A. J. Ayer, English philosopher and academic (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Milton Subotsky, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1921)
    • 1996 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer (b. 1909)
    • 1998 – Gilles Rocheleau, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1935)
    • 1999 – Georgios Papadopoulos, Greek colonel and politician, 169th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Pierre Pflimlin, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
    • 2001 – Tove Jansson, Finnish author, illustrator, and painter (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Jack Lemmon, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – Joan Sims, English actress (b. 1930)
    • 2002 – John Entwistle, English singer-songwriter, bass guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)
    • 2002 – Robert L. J. Long, American admiral (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – David Newman, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
    • 2004 – George Patton IV, American general (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Darrell Russell, American race car driver (b. 1968)
    • 2005 – Shelby Foote, American historian and author (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Ray Holmes, English lieutenant and pilot (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – John T. Walton, American businessman, co-founded the Children’s Scholarship Fund (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Ángel Maturino Reséndiz, Mexican serial killer (b. 1959)
    • 2007 – William Hutt, Canadian actor (b. 1920)
    • 2008 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian field marshal (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – Gale Storm, American actress (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Corey Allen, American film and television actor, writer, director, and producer (b. 1934)
    • 2011 – Mike Doyle, English footballer (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Stan Cox, English runner (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Rosemary Dobson, Australian poet and illustrator (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Stefano Borgonovo, Italian footballer (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Ian Scott, English-New Zealand painter (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Edmond Blanchard, Canadian jurist and politician (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Allen Grossman, American poet, critic, and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Leslie Manigat, Haitian educator and politician, 43rd President of Haiti (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Violet Milstead, Canadian World War II aviator and bush pilot (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Rachid Solh, Lebanese politician, 48th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Zvi Elpeleg, Polish-Israeli diplomat, author, and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Knut Helle, Norwegian historian and professor (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Chris Squire, English musician (bass guitarist), singer and songwriter, member of the rock band Yes (b. 1948)
    • 2016 – Bud Spencer, Italian swimmer, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 2017 – Peter L. Berger, Austrian sociologist (b. 1929)
    • 2018 – Joe Jackson, American manager, father of Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson (b. 1928)
    • 2018 – Liz Jackson, Australian journalist and former barrister (b. 1951)
    • 2018 – William McBridge, Australian obstetrician (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on June 27

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arialdo
      • Crescens, one of the Seventy disciples
      • Cyril of Alexandria (Coptic Church, Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion and Lutheran Church)
      • Ladislaus I of Hungary
      • Our Lady of Perpetual Help
      • Sampson the Hospitable
      • Zoilus
      • June 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Canadian Multiculturalism Day (Canada)
    • Commemoration Day for the Victims of the Communist Regime (Czech Republic)
    • Day of Turkmen Workers of Culture and Art (Turkmenistan)
    • Helen Keller Day (United States)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Djibouti from France in 1977.
    • Mixed Race Day (Brazil)
    • National HIV Testing Day (United States)
    • National PTSD Awareness Day (United States)
    • Seven Sleepers’ Day or Siebenschläfertag (Germany)
    • Unity Day (Tajikistan)