1813

  • April 23 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.
    • 599 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul attacks rival city-state Palenque in southern Mexico, defeating queen Yohl Ik’nal and sacking the city.
    • 711 – Dagobert III succeeds his father King Childebert III as King of the Franks.
    • 1014 – Battle of Clontarf: High King of Ireland Brian Boru defeats Viking invaders, but is killed in battle.
    • 1016 – Edmund Ironside succeeds his father Æthelred the Unready as King of England.
    • 1343 – St. George’s Night Uprising commences in the Duchy of Estonia.
    • 1348 – The founding of the Order of the Garter by King Edward III is announced on St. George’s Day.
    • 1516 – The Munich Reinheitsgebot (regarding the ingredients of beer) takes effect in all of Bavaria.
    • 1521 – Battle of Villalar: King Charles I of Spain defeats the Comuneros.
    • 1635 – The first public school in the United States, Boston Latin School, is founded in Boston.
    • 1655 – The Siege of Santo Domingo begins during the Anglo-Spanish War, and fails seven days later.
    • 1660 – Treaty of Oliva is established between Sweden and Poland.
    • 1661 – King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westminster Abbey.
    • 1815 – The Second Serbian Uprising: A second phase of the national revolution of the Serbs against the Ottoman Empire, erupts shortly after the annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1879 – Fire burns down the second main building and dome of the University of Notre Dame, which prompts the construction of the third, and current, Main Building with its golden dome.
    • 1914 – First baseball game at Wrigley Field, then known as Weeghman Park, in Chicago.
    • 1918 – World War I: The British Royal Navy makes a raid in an attempt to neutralise the Belgian port of Bruges-Zeebrugge.
    • 1920 – The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM) is founded in Ankara. The assembly denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces the preparation of a temporary constitution.
    • 1927 – Cardiff City defeat Arsenal in the FA Cup Final, the only time it has been won by a team not based in England.
    • 1935 – The Polish Constitution of 1935 is adopted.
    • 1940 – The Rhythm Club fire at a dance hall in Natchez, Mississippi, kills 198 people.
    • 1941 – World War II: The Greek government and King George II evacuate Athens before the invading Wehrmacht.
    • 1942 – World War II: Baedeker Blitz: German bombers hit Exeter, Bath and York in retaliation for the British raid on Lübeck.
    • 1945 – World War II: Adolf Hitler’s designated successor, Hermann Göring, sends him a telegram asking permission to take leadership of the Third Reich. Martin Bormann and Joseph Goebbels advise Hitler that the telegram is treasonous.
    • 1946 – Manuel Roxas is elected the last President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.
    • 1949 – Chinese Civil War: Establishment of the People’s Liberation Army Navy.
    • 1951 – Cold War: American journalist William N. Oatis is arrested for espionage by the Communist government of Czechoslovakia.
    • 1961 – Algiers putsch by French generals.
    • 1967 – Soviet space program: Soyuz 1 (Russian: Союз 1, Union 1) a manned spaceflight carrying cosmonaut Colonel Vladimir Komarov is launched into orbit.
    • 1968 – Vietnam War: Student protesters at Columbia University in New York City take over administration buildings and shut down the university.
    • 1971 – Bangladesh Liberation War: The Pakistan Army and Razakars massacre approximately 3,000 Hindu emigrants in the Jathibhanga area of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
    • 1985 – Coca-Cola changes its formula and releases New Coke. The response is overwhelmingly negative, and the original formula is back on the market in less than three months.
    • 1990 – Namibia becomes the 160th member of the United Nations and the 50th member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
    • 1993 – Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations-monitored referendum.
    • 1993 – Sri Lankan politician Lalith Athulathmudali is assassinated while addressing a gathering, approximately four weeks ahead of the Provincial Council elections for the Western Province.
    • 1999 – NATO bombs the headquarters of Radio Television of Serbia, as part of their aerial campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
    • 2005 – The first ever YouTube video, titled “Me at the zoo”, was published by co-founder Jawed Karim.
    • 2013 – At least 28 people are killed and more than 70 are injured as violence breaks out in Hawija, Iraq.
    • 2018 – A vehicle-ramming attack kills 10 people and injures 16 in Toronto. A 25-year-old suspect, Alek Minassian, is arrested.
    • 2019 – The 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse in Myanmar kills four miners and two rescuers.

    Births on April 23

    • 1141 (probable) – Malcolm IV of Scotland (d. 1165)
    • 1185 – Afonso II of Portugal (d. 1223)
    • 1408 – John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford (d. 1462)
    • 1420 – George of Poděbrady, King of Bohemia (d. 1471)
    • 1464 – Joan of France, Duchess of Berry (d. 1505)
    • 1464 – Robert Fayrfax, English Renaissance composer (d. 1521)
    • 1484 – Julius Caesar Scaliger, Italian physician and scholar (d. 1558)
    • 1500 – Alexander Ales, Scottish theologian and academic (d. 1565)
    • 1500 – Johann Stumpf, Swiss writer (d. 1576)
    • 1512 – Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, Chancellor of the University of Oxford (d. 1580)
    • 1516 – Georg Fabricius, German poet, historian, and archaeologist (d. 1571)
    • 1598 – Maarten Tromp, Dutch admiral (d. 1653)
    • 1621 – William Penn, English admiral and politician (d. 1670)
    • 1628 – Johannes Hudde, Dutch mathematician and politician (d. 1704)
    • 1661 – Issachar Berend Lehmann, German-Jewish banker, merchant and diplomat (d. 1730)
    • 1715 – Johann Friedrich Doles, German composer and conductor (d. 1797)
    • 1720 – Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi and author (d. 1797)
    • 1744 – Princess Charlotte Amalie Wilhelmine of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön (d. 1770)
    • 1748 – Félix Vicq-d’Azyr, French physician and anatomist (d. 1794)
    • 1791 – James Buchanan, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 15th President of the United States (d. 1868)
    • 1792 – Thomas Romney Robinson, Irish astronomer and physicist (d. 1882)
    • 1794 – Wei Yuan, Chinese scholar and author (d. 1856)
    • 1805 – Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz, German philosopher and academic (d. 1879)
    • 1812 – Frederick Whitaker, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1891)
    • 1813 – Stephen A. Douglas, American educator and politician, 7th Illinois Secretary of State (d. 1861)
    • 1813 – Frédéric Ozanam, Italian-French historian and scholar (d. 1853)
    • 1818 – James Anthony Froude, English historian, novelist, biographer and editor (d. 1894)
    • 1819 – Edward Stafford, Scottish-New Zealand educator and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1901)
    • 1853 – Winthrop M. Crane, American businessman and politician, 40th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1920)
    • 1856 – Granville Woods, American inventor and engineer (d. 1910)
    • 1857 – Ruggero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (d. 1919)
    • 1858 – Max Planck, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
    • 1860 – Justinian Oxenham, Australian public servant (d. 1932)
    • 1861 – Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, English field marshal and diplomat, British High Commissioner in Egypt (d. 1936)
    • 1861 – John Peltz, American baseball player and manager (d. 1906)
    • 1865 – Ali-Agha Shikhlinski, Russian-Azerbaijani general (d. 1943)
    • 1867 – Johannes Fibiger, Danish physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
    • 1876 – Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, German historian and author (d. 1925)
    • 1880 – Michel Fokine, Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1942)
    • 1882 – Albert Coates, English composer and conductor (d. 1953)
    • 1888 – Georges Vanier, Canadian general and politician, 19th Governor General of Canada (d. 1967)
    • 1889 – Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (d. 1942)
    • 1893 – Frank Borzage, American actor and director (d. 1952)
    • 1895 – Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand author and director (d. 1982)
    • 1897 – Folke Jansson, American general (d. 1965)
    • 1897 – Lester B. Pearson, Canadian historian and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Canada, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972)
    • 1898 – Lucius D. Clay, American general (d. 1978)
    • 1899 – Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
    • 1899 – Minoru Shirota, Japanese physician and microbiologist, invented Yakult (d. 1982)
    • 1900 – Jim Bottomley, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1959)
    • 1900 – Joseph Green, Polish-American actor and director (d. 1996)
    • 1901 – E. B. Ford, English biologist and geneticist (d. 1988)
    • 1902 – Halldór Laxness, Icelandic author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
    • 1903 – Guy Simonds, English-Canadian general (d. 1974)
    • 1904 – Clifford Bricker, Canadian long-distance runner (d. 1980)
    • 1904 – Louis Muhlstock, Polish-Canadian painter (d. 2001)
    • 1904 – Duncan Renaldo, American actor (d. 1985)
    • 1907 – Lee Miller, American model and photographer (d. 1977)
    • 1907 – Fritz Wotruba, Austrian sculptor, designed the Wotruba Church (d. 1975)
    • 1908 – Myron Waldman, American animator and director (d. 2006)
    • 1910 – Sheila Scott Macintyre, Scottish mathematician (d. 1960)
    • 1910 – Simone Simon, French actress (d. 2005)
    • 1911 – Ronald Neame, English-American director, cinematographer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1913 – Diosa Costello, Puerto Rican-American entertainer, producer and club owner (d. 2013)
    • 1915 – Arnold Alexander Hall, English engineer, academic, and businessman (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Yiannis Moralis, Greek painter and educator (d. 2009)
    • 1916 – Sinah Estelle Kelley, American chemist (d. 1982)
    • 1917 – Dorian Leigh, American model (d. 2008)
    • 1917 – Tony Lupien, American baseball player and coach (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Maurice Druon, French author and screenwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Oleg Penkovsky, Russian colonel (d. 1963)
    • 1920 – Eric Grant Yarrow, 3rd Baronet, English businessman (d. 2018)
    • 1921 – Judy Agnew, Second Lady of the United States (d. 2012)
    • 1921 – Cleto Bellucci, Italian archbishop (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Janet Blair, American actress and singer (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – Warren Spahn, American baseball player and coach (d. 2003)
    • 1923 – Dolph Briscoe, American lieutenant and politician, 41st Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
    • 1923 – Avram Davidson, American soldier and author (d. 1993)
    • 1924 – Chuck Harmon, American baseball player and scout (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Bobby Rosengarden, American drummer and bandleader (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – J.P. Donleavy, American-Irish novelist and playwright (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Rifaat el-Mahgoub, Egyptian politician (d. 1990)
    • 1928 – Shirley Temple, American actress, singer, dancer, and diplomat (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – George Steiner, French-American philosopher, author, and critic (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Halston, American fashion designer (d. 1990)
    • 1932 – Jim Fixx, American runner and author (d. 1984)
    • 1933 – Annie Easley, American computer scientist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 2011)
    • 1934 – George Canseco, Filipino composer and producer (d. 2004)
    • 1936 – Roy Orbison, American singer-songwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1937 – Victoria Glendinning, English author and critic
    • 1937 – David Mills, English cricketer (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Barry Shepherd, Australian cricketer (d. 2001)
    • 1939 – Jorge Fons, Mexican director and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Bill Hagerty, English journalist
    • 1939 – Lee Majors, American actor
    • 1939 – Ray Peterson, American pop singer (d. 2005)
    • 1940 – Michael Copps, American academic and politician
    • 1940 – Dale Houston, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1940 – Michael Kadosh, Israeli footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1941 – Jacqueline Boyer, French singer and actress
    • 1941 – Arie den Hartog, Dutch road bicycle racer (d. 2018)
    • 1941 – Paavo Lipponen, Finnish journalist and politician, 38th Prime Minister of Finland
    • 1941 – Michael Lynne, American film producer, co-founded New Line Cinema
    • 1941 – Ed Stewart, English radio and television host (d. 2016)
    • 1941 – Ray Tomlinson, American computer programmer and engineer (d. 2016)
    • 1942 – Sandra Dee, American model and actress (d. 2005)
    • 1943 – Gail Goodrich, American basketball player and coach
    • 1943 – Tony Esposito, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager
    • 1943 – Frans Koppelaar, Dutch painter
    • 1943 – Hervé Villechaize, French actor (d. 1993)
    • 1944 – Jean-François Stévenin, French actor and director
    • 1946 – Blair Brown, American actress
    • 1946 – Carlton Sherwood, American soldier and journalist (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Robert Burgess, English sociologist and academic
    • 1947 – Glenn Cornick, English bass player (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, Irish civil rights leader and politician
    • 1948 – Pascal Quignard, French author and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Serge Thériault, Canadian actor
    • 1949 – Paul Collier, English economist and academic
    • 1949 – David Cross, English violinist
    • 1949 – John Miles, British rock singer, songwriter, and guitarist
    • 1950 – Rowley Leigh, English chef and journalist
    • 1950 – Barbara McIlvaine Smith, Sac and Fox Nation Native American politician
    • 1951 – Martin Bayerle, American treasure hunter
    • 1952 – Narada Michael Walden, American singer-songwriter, drummer, and producer
    • 1953 – James Russo, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Stephen Dalton, English air marshal
    • 1954 – Michael Moore, American director, producer, and activist
    • 1955 – Judy Davis, Australian actress
    • 1955 – Tony Miles, English chess player (d. 2001)
    • 1955 – Urmas Ott, Estonian journalist and author (d. 2008)
    • 1957 – Neville Brody, English graphic designer, typographer, and art director
    • 1957 – Jan Hooks, American actress and comedian (d. 2014)
    • 1958 – Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson, Icelandic composer and producer
    • 1958 – Ryan Walter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1959 – Unity Dow, Botswanan judge, author, and rights activist
    • 1960 – Valerie Bertinelli, American actress
    • 1960 – Steve Clark, English guitarist and songwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1960 – Barry Douglas, Irish pianist and conductor
    • 1960 – Léo Jaime, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1960 – Claude Julien, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1961 – George Lopez, American comedian, actor, and talk show host
    • 1961 – Pierluigi Martini, Italian race car driver
    • 1962 – John Hannah, Scottish actor and producer
    • 1962 – Shaun Spiers, English businessman and politician
    • 1963 – Paul Belmondo, French race car driver
    • 1963 – Robby Naish, American windsurfer
    • 1964 – Gianandrea Noseda, Italian pianist and conductor
    • 1965 – Leni Robredo, Filipina human rights lawyer, 14th Vice President of the Philippines
    • 1966 – Jörg Deisinger, German bass player
    • 1966 – Matt Freeman, American bass player
    • 1966 – Lembit Oll, Estonian chess Grandmaster (d. 1999)
    • 1967 – Rheal Cormier, Canadian baseball player
    • 1967 – Melina Kanakaredes, American actress
    • 1968 – Bas Haring, Dutch philosopher, writer, television presenter and professor.
    • 1968 – Ken McRae, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1968 – Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist, Oklahoma City bombing co-perpetrator (d. 2001)
    • 1969 – Martín López-Zubero, American-Spanish swimmer and coach
    • 1969 – Yelena Shushunova, Russian gymnast
    • 1970 – Egemen Bağış, Turkish politician, 1st Minister of European Union Affairs
    • 1970 – Dennis Culp, American singer-songwriter and trombonist
    • 1970 – Andrew Gee, Australian rugby league player and manager
    • 1970 – Hans Välimäki, Finnish chef and author
    • 1970 – Tayfur Havutçu, Turkish international footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Uli Herzner, German-American fashion designer
    • 1972 – Pierre Labrie, Canadian poet and playwright
    • 1972 – Peter Dench, English photographer and journalist
    • 1972 – Amira Medunjanin, singer from Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • 1973 – Patrick Poulin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1974 – Carlos Dengler, American bass player
    • 1974 – Michael Kerr, New Zealand-German rugby player
    • 1975 – Bobby Shaw, American football player
    • 1976 – Aaron Dessner, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1977 – John Cena, American professional wrestler and actor
    • 1977 – David Kidwell, New Zealand rugby league player and coach
    • 1977 – Willie Mitchell, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – John Oliver, English comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1977 – Kal Penn, Indian-American actor
    • 1977 – Bram Schmitz, Dutch cyclist
    • 1977 – Lee Young-pyo, South Korean international footballer
    • 1978 – Gezahegne Abera, Ethiopian runner
    • 1979 – Barry Hawkins, English snooker player
    • 1979 – Jaime King, American actress and model
    • 1979 – Joanna Krupa, Polish-American model and television personality
    • 1979 – Samppa Lajunen, Finnish skier
    • 1982 – Tony Sunshine, American singer-songwriter
    • 1983 – Leon Andreasen, Danish international footballer
    • 1983 – Daniela Hantuchová, Slovak tennis player
    • 1983 – Ian Henderson, English rugby league player
    • 1984 – Alexandra Kosteniuk, Russian chess player
    • 1984 – Jesse Lee Soffer, American actor
    • 1985 – Angel Locsin, Filipino actress, producer, and fashion designer
    • 1986 – Sven Kramer, Dutch speed skater
    • 1986 – Alysia Montaño, American runner
    • 1986 – Rafael Fernandes, Brazilian baseball player
    • 1987 – Michael Arroyo, Ecuadorian footballer
    • 1987 – John Boye, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1987 – Emily Fox, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Victor Anichebe, Nigerian footballer
    • 1988 – Alistair Brownlee, English triathlete
    • 1988 – Signe Ronka, Canadian figure skater
    • 1988 – Lenka Wienerová, Slovak tennis player
    • 1989 – Nicole Vaidišová, Czech tennis player
    • 1990 – Rui Fonte, Portuguese footballer, winger
    • 1990 – Dev Patel, English actor
    • 1991 – Nathan Baker, English footballer
    • 1991 – Caleb Johnson, American singer-songwriter
    • 1991 – Paul Vaughan, Australian-Italian rugby league player
    • 1994 – Patrick Olsen, Danish footballer
    • 1994 – Song Kang, South Korean actor
    • 1995 – Gigi Hadid, American fashion model and television personality
    • 1997 – Zach Apple, American swimmer

    Deaths on April 23

    • 303 – Saint George, Roman soldier and martyr (b. 275)
    • 711 – Childebert III, Frankish king (b. 670)
    • 725 – Wihtred of Kent (b. 670)
    • 871 – Æthelred of Wessex (b. 837)
    • 915 – Yang Shihou, Chinese general
    • 944 – Wichmann the Elder, Saxon nobleman
    • 990 – Ekkehard II, Swiss monk and abbot
    • 997 – Adalbert of Prague, Czech bishop, missionary, and saint (b. 956)
    • 1014 – Brian Boru, Irish king (b. 941)
    • 1014 – Domnall mac Eimín, Mormaer of Mar
    • 1016 – Æthelred the Unready, English son of Edgar the Peaceful (b. 968)
    • 1124 – Alexander I of Scotland (b. 1078)
    • 1151 – Adeliza of Louvain (b. 1103)
    • 1170 – Minamoto no Tametomo, Japanese samurai (b. 1139)
    • 1196 – Béla III of Hungary (b. c.1148)
    • 1200 – Zhu Xi, Chinese philosopher (b. 1130)
    • 1217 – Inge II of Norway (b. 1185)
    • 1262 – Aegidius of Assisi, companion of Saint Francis of Assisi
    • 1307 – Joan of Acre (b. 1272)
    • 1400 – Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford, English politician and nobleman (b. c. 1338)
    • 1407 – Olivier de Clisson, French soldier (b. 1326)
    • 1501 – Domenico della Rovere, Catholic cardinal (b. 1442)
    • 1554 – Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (b. 1523)
    • 1605 – Boris Godunov, Russian ruler (b. 1551)
    • 1616 – William Shakespeare, English playwright and poet (b. 1564)
    • 1625 – Maurice, Prince of Orange (b. 1567)
    • 1695 – Henry Vaughan, Welsh poet and author (b. 1621)
    • 1702 – Margaret Fell, English religious leader, founded the Religious Society of Friends (b. 1614)
    • 1781 – James Abercrombie, Scottish general and politician (b. 1706)
    • 1784 – Solomon I of Imereti (b. 1735)
    • 1792 – Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, German theologian and author (b. 1741)
    • 1794 – Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, French lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
    • 1827 – Georgios Karaiskakis, Greek general (b. 1780)
    • 1839 – Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin, French admiral and explorer (b. 1768)
    • 1850 – William Wordsworth, English poet and author (b. 1770)
    • 1889 – Jules Amédée Barbey d’Aurevilly, French author and critic (b. 1808)
    • 1895 – Carl Ludwig, German physician and physiologist (b. 1815)
    • 1905 – Gédéon Ouimet, Canadian politician, 2nd Premier of Quebec (b. 1823)
    • 1907 – Alferd Packer, American prospector (b. 1842)
    • 1915 – Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887)
    • 1936 – Teresa de la Parra, French-Venezuelan author (b. 1889)
    • 1951 – Jules Berry, French actor and director (b. 1883)
    • 1951 – Charles G. Dawes, American banker and politician, 30th Vice President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1865)
    • 1959 – Bak Jungyang, Korean politician
    • 1965 – George Adamski, Polish-American ufologist and author (b. 1891)
    • 1966 – George Ohsawa, Japanese founder of the Macrobiotic diet (b. 1893)
    • 1981 – Josep Pla, Catalan journalist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1983 – Buster Crabbe, American swimmer and actor (b. 1908)
    • 1984 – Red Garland, American pianist (b. 1923)
    • 1985 – Sam Ervin, American lawyer and politician (b. 1896)
    • 1985 – Frank Farrell, Australian rugby league player and policeman (b. 1916)
    • 1986 – Harold Arlen, American composer (b. 1905)
    • 1986 – Jim Laker, English cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1922)
    • 1986 – Otto Preminger, Ukrainian-American actor, director, and producer (b. 1906)
    • 1990 – Paulette Goddard, American actress (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
    • 1992 – Satyajit Ray, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 1992 – Tanka Prasad Acharya, Nepalese politician, 27th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1912)
    • 1993 – Cesar Chavez, American activist, co-founded the United Farm Workers (b. 1927)
    • 1995 – Douglas Lloyd Campbell, Canadian farmer and politician, 13th Premier of Manitoba (b. 1895)
    • 1995 – Howard Cosell, American lawyer and journalist (b. 1918)
    • 1995 – Riho Lahi, Estonian journalist (b. 1904)
    • 1995 – John C. Stennis, American lawyer and politician (b. 1904)
    • 1996 – Jean Victor Allard, Canadian general (b. 1913)
    • 1996 – P. L. Travers, Australian-English author and actress (b. 1899)
    • 1997 – Denis Compton, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1918)
    • 1998 – Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek lawyer and politician, 172nd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1907)
    • 1998 – James Earl Ray, American assassin of Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. 1928)
    • 1998 – Thanassis Skordalos, Greek singer-songwriter and lyra player (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – Fernand Fonssagrives, French-American photographer (b. 1910)
    • 2004 – Herman Veenstra, Dutch water polo player (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, New Zealand-Australian politician, 31st Premier of Queensland (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Robert Farnon, Canadian-English trumpet player, composer and conductor (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Al Grassby, Australian journalist and politician (b. 1928)
    • 2005 – John Mills, English actor (b. 1908)
    • 2005 – Romano Scarpa, Italian author and illustrator (b. 1927)
    • 2005 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player, coach and educator (b. 1934)
    • 2006 – Phil Walden, American record producer and manager, co-founder of Capricorn Records (b. 1940)
    • 2007 – Paul Erdman, Canadian-American economist and author (b. 1932)
    • 2007 – David Halberstam, American journalist, historian and author (b. 1934)
    • 2007 – Peter Randall, English sergeant (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – Boris Yeltsin, Russian politician, 1st President of Russia (b. 1931)
    • 2010 – Peter Porter, Australian-born British poet (b. 1929)
    • 2011 – James Casey, English comedian, radio scriptwriter and producer (b. 1922)
    • 2011 – Tom King, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1943)
    • 2011 – Geoffrey Russell, 4th Baron Ampthill, English businessman and politician (b. 1921)
    • 2011 – Max van der Stoel, Dutch politician and Minister of State (b. 1924)
    • 2011 – John Sullivan, English screenwriter and producer (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Lillemor Arvidsson, Swedish trade union leader and politician, 34th Governor of Gotland (b. 1943)
    • 2012 – Billy Bryans, Canadian drummer, songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
    • 2012 – Chris Ethridge, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1947)
    • 2012 – Raymond Thorsteinsson, Canadian geologist and paleontologist (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – LeRoy T. Walker, American football player and coach (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Bob Brozman, American guitarist (b. 1954)
    • 2013 – Robert W. Edgar, American educator and politician (b. 1943)
    • 2013 – Tony Grealish, English footballer (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Antonio Maccanico, Italian banker and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Frank W. J. Olver, English-American mathematician and academic (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Kathryn Wasserman Davis, American philanthropist and scholar (b. 1907)
    • 2014 – Benjamín Brea, Spanish-Venezuelan saxophonist, clarinet player, and conductor (b. 1946)
    • 2014 – Michael Glawogger, Austrian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (b. 1959)
    • 2014 – Jaap Havekotte, Dutch speed skater and producer of ice skates (b. 1912)
    • 2014 – Connie Marrero, Cuban baseball player and coach (b. 1911)
    • 2014 – F. Michael Rogers, American general (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Mark Shand, English conservationist and author (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Patric Standford, English composer and educator (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Richard Corliss, American journalist and critic (b. 1944)
    • 2015 – Ray Jackson, Australian activist (b. 1941)
    • 2015 – Pierre Claude Nolin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Speaker of the Canadian Senate (b. 1950)
    • 2015 – Jim Steffen, American football player (b. 1936)
    • 2015 – Francis Tsai, American author and illustrator (b. 1967)
    • 2016 – Inge King, German-born Australian sculptor (b. 1915)
    • 2016 – Banharn Silpa-archa, Thai politician, Prime Minister from 1995–1996 (b. 1932)
    • 2019 – Charity Sunshine Tillemann-Dick, American soprano singer and presenter (b.1983)

    Holidays and observances on April 23

    • Castile and León Day (Castile and León)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Adalbert of Prague
      • Felix, Fortunatus, and Achilleus
      • George
      • Blessed Giles of Assisi
      • Gerard of Toul
      • Ibar of Beggerin (Meath)
      • Toyohiko Kagawa (Episcopal and Lutheran Church)
      • April 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which the first day of Children’s Day can fall, while April 29 is the latest; celebrated on the last Saturday of April. (Colombia)
    • Independence Day (Conch Republic, Key West, Florida)
    • International Pixel-Stained Technopeasant Day
    • Khongjom Day (Manipur)
    • National Sovereignty and Children’s Day (Turkey and Northern Cyprus)
    • Navy Day (China)
    • St George’s Day (England) and its related observances:
      • Canada Book Day (Canada)
      • La Diada de Sant Jordi (Catalonia, Spain)
      • World Book Day
    • UN English Language Day (United Nations)

  • April 19 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso’s plot to kill Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
    • 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Raqqa (northern Syria).
    • 797 – Empress Irene organizes a conspiracy against her son, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VI. He is deposed and blinded. Shortly after, Constantine dies of his wounds; Irene proclaims herself basileus.
    • 1506 – The Lisbon Massacre begins, in which accused Jews are being slaughtered by Portuguese Catholics.
    • 1529 – Beginning of the Protestant Reformation: After the Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms.
    • 1539 – The Treaty of Frankfurt between Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor is signed.
    • 1608 – In Ireland: O’Doherty’s Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry.
    • 1677 – The French army captures the town of Cambrai held by Spanish troops.
    • 1713 – With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inheritable by a female; his daughter and successor, Maria Theresa was not born until 1717.
    • 1770 – Captain James Cook, still holding the rank of lieutenant, sights the eastern coast of what is now Australia.
    • 1770 – Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.
    • 1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic’s recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.
    • 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, part of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory.
    • 1810 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
    • 1818 – French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary “Note on the Theory of Diffraction” (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
    • 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom and guarantees its neutrality.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
    • 1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.
    • 1927 – Mae West is sentenced to ten days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
    • 1942 – World War II: In Poland, the Majdan-Tatarski ghetto is established, situated between the Lublin Ghetto and a Majdanek subcamp.
    • 1943 – World War II: In Poland, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins, after German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto to round up the remaining Jews.
    • 1943 – Albert Hofmann deliberately doses himself with LSD for the first time, three days after having discovered its effects on April 16.
    • 1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.
    • 1960 – Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
    • 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
    • 1971 – Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
    • 1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death (later commuted to life imprisonment) for conspiracy in the Tate–LaBianca murders.
    • 1973 – The Portuguese Socialist Party is founded in the German town of Bad Münstereifel.
    • 1975 – India’s first satellite Aryabhata launched in orbit from Kapustin Yar, Russia.
    • 1984 – Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia’s national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
    • 1985 – Two hundred ATF and FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the white supremacist survivalist group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord in Arkansas; the CSA surrenders two days later.
    • 1987 – The Simpsons first appear as a series of shorts on The Tracey Ullman Show, first starting with Good Night.
    • 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
    • 1993 – The 51-day FBI siege of the Branch Davidian building in Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. 76 Davidians, including eighteen children under the age of ten, died in the fire.
    • 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, USA, is bombed, killing 168 people including 19 children under the age of six.
    • 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
    • 2000 – Air Philippines Flight 541 crashes in Samal, Davao del Norte, killing all 131 people on board.
    • 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected to the papacy and becomes Pope Benedict XVI.
    • 2011 – Fidel Castro resigns as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba after holding the title since July 1961.
    • 2013 – Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is killed in a shootout with police. His brother Dzhokhar is later captured hiding in a boat inside a backyard in the suburb of Watertown.
    • 2020 – A killing spree in Nova Scotia, Canada, leaves 22 people and the perpetrator dead, making it the deadliest rampage in the country’s history.

    Births on April 19

    • 1452 – Frederick IV, King of Naples (d. 1504)
    • 1593 – Sir John Hobart, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1647)
    • 1603 – Michel Le Tellier, French politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1685)
    • 1613 – Christoph Bach, German musician (d. 1661)
    • 1633 – Willem Drost, Dutch painter (d. 1659)
    • 1655 – George St Lo(e), Royal Navy officer and administrator (d. 1718)
    • 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, German husband of Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria (d. 1716)
    • 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French author (d. 1721)
    • 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (d. 1750)
    • 1715 – James Nares, English organist and composer (d. 1783)
    • 1721 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
    • 1734 – Karl von Ordóñez, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1786)
    • 1757 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, English admiral and politician (d. 1833)
    • 1758 – William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk, Scottish admiral (d. 1831)
    • 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French pianist and composer (d. 1858)
    • 1787 – Deaf Smith, American soldier (d. 1837)
    • 1793 – Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
    • 1806 – Sarah Bagley, American labor organizer (d. 1889)
    • 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French journalist and author (d. 1875)
    • 1832 – José Echegaray, Spanish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
    • 1835 – Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1888)
    • 1863 – Hemmo Kallio, Finnish actor (d. 1940)
    • 1872 – Alice Salomon, German social reformer (d. 1948)
    • 1873 – Sydney Barnes, English cricketer (d. 1967)
    • 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
    • 1877 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American engineer, invented the outboard motor (d. 1934)
    • 1879 – Arthur Robertson, Scottish runner (d. 1957)
    • 1882 – Getúlio Vargas, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 14th President of Brazil (d. 1954)
    • 1883 – Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
    • 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian-American mathematician and physicist (d. 1953)
    • 1885 – Karl Tarvas, Estonian architect (d. 1975)
    • 1889 – Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
    • 1891 – Françoise Rosay, French actress (d. 1974)
    • 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer and educator (d. 1983)
    • 1894 – Elizabeth Dilling, American author and activist (d. 1966)
    • 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
    • 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese super-centenarian, oldest verified man ever (d. 2013)
    • 1898 – Constance Talmadge, American actress and producer (d. 1973)
    • 1899 – George O’Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Cemal Tollu, Turkish lieutenant and painter (d. 1968)
    • 1900 – Iracema de Alencar, Brazilian film actress (d. 1978)
    • 1900 – Richard Hughes, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1976)
    • 1900 – Roland Michener, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
    • 1900 – Rhea Silberta, Yiddish songwriter and singing teacher (d. 1959)
    • 1902 – Veniamin Kaverin, Russian author and screenwriter (d. 1989)
    • 1903 – Eliot Ness, American law enforcement agent (d. 1957)
    • 1907 – Alan Wheatley, English actor (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – Irena Eichlerówna, Polish actress (d. 1990)
    • 1912 – Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
    • 1913 – Ken Carpenter, American discus thrower and coach (d. 1984)
    • 1917 – Sven Hassel, Danish-German soldier and author (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Sol Kaplan, American pianist and composer (d. 1990)
    • 1920 – Gene Leis, American guitarist, composer, and producer (d. 1993)
    • 1920 – Marvin Mandel, American lawyer and politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (d. 2015)
    • 1920 – John O’Neil, American baseball player and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Marian Winters, American actress (d. 1978)
    • 1921 – Anna Lee Aldred, American jockey (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Leon Henkin, American logician (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Roberto Tucci, Italian Jesuit leader, cardinal, and theologian (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Erich Hartmann, German colonel and pilot (d. 1993)
    • 1922 – David Smith, politician in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe (d. 1996)
    • 1925 – John Kraaijkamp, Sr., Dutch actor (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Hugh O’Brian, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1926 – Rawya Ateya, Egyptian captain and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1928 – John Horlock, English engineer and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Azlan Shah of Perak, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2004)
    • 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor
    • 1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricketer and umpire
    • 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American model and actress (d. 1967)
    • 1933 – Philip Lavallin Wroughton, English captain and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
    • 1934 – Dickie Goodman, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1989)
    • 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, comedian, and pianist (d. 2002)
    • 1935 – Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
    • 1936 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
    • 1936 – Jack Pardee, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author (d. 2017)
    • 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
    • 1937 – Joseph Estrada, Filipino politician, 13th President of the Philippines
    • 1938 – Stanley Fish, American theorist, author, and scholar
    • 1939 – E. Clay Shaw, Jr., American accountant, judge, and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1941 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer-songwriter
    • 1941 – Clark Dimond, American musician and author
    • 1941 – Michel Roux, French-English chef and author (d. 2020)
    • 1941 – Bobby Russell, American singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
    • 1942 – Bas Jan Ader, Dutch-American photographer and director (d. 1975)
    • 1942 – Alan Price, English keyboard player, singer, and composer
    • 1942 – Jack Roush, American businessman, founded Roush Fenway Racing
    • 1942 – Maarten van den Bergh, American-Dutch businessman
    • 1943 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)[28]
    • 1943 – Lorenzo Sanz, Spanish businessman
    • 1944 – Keith Erickson, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1944 – James Heckman, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1944 – Bernie Worrell, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 2016)[29]
    • 1946 – Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
    • 1946 – Tim Curry, English actor[30]
    • 1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist and conductor
    • 1947 – Wilfrid Stevenson, Baron Stevenson of Balmacara, English civil servant
    • 1947 – Yan Pascal Tortelier, French violinist and conductor
    • 1947 – Mark Volman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Stuart McLean, Canadian radio host and author (d. 2017)
    • 1948 – Rick Miller, American baseball player and manager
    • 1949 – Paloma Picasso, French-Spanish fashion designer
    • 1949 – Larry Walters, American truck driver and pilot (d. 1993)
    • 1950 – Julia Cleverdon, English businesswoman and philanthropist
    • 1951 – Barry Brown, American actor and playwright (d. 1978)
    • 1951 – Jóannes Eidesgaard, Faroese educator and politician, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
    • 1952 – Alexis Argüello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (d. 2009)
    • 1952 – Tony Plana, Cuban-American actor and director
    • 1952 – Michael Trend, English journalist and politician
    • 1953 – Rod Morgenstein, American drummer
    • 1953 – Sara Simeoni, Italian high jumper
    • 1953 – Ruby Wax, British-based American comedian, actress, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer and manager
    • 1954 – Bob Rock, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1956 – Sue Barker, English tennis player and journalist
    • 1956 – Randy Carlyle, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1956 – Anne Glover, Scottish biologist and academic
    • 1957 – Tony Martin, English singer-songwriter
    • 1957 – Mukesh Ambani, Indian businessman, chairman of Reliance Industries and currently the richest man in Asia[31][32]
    • 1958 – Steve Antin, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1958 – Stevie B, American singer-songwriter and record producer
    • 1958 – Denis O’Brien, Irish businessman, founded BT Ireland
    • 1958 – Vytautas Šapranauskas, Lithuanian actor (d. 2013)
    • 1958 – Keith Shine, British academic and educator
    • 1959 – Jane Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Surbiton, English activist
    • 1959 – Teofisto Guingona III, Filipino lawyer and politician
    • 1959 – Donald Markwell, Australian sociologist and academic
    • 1960 – Nicoletta Braschi, Italian actress and producer
    • 1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian pianist, composer, and producer
    • 1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1960 – John Schweitz, American basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player and coach[33]
    • 1961 – Alan Kirschenbaum, American producer and writer (d. 2012)
    • 1961 – Albert Martinez, Filipino actor, director, and producer
    • 1961 – Spike Owen, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Al Unser Jr., American race car driver
    • 1964 – Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer and coach
    • 1964 – Kim Weaver, American astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
    • 1965 – Natalie Dessay, French soprano and actress
    • 1965 – Suge Knight, American record producer, co-founded Death Row Records
    • 1966 – Véronique Gens, French soprano and actress
    • 1966 – David La Haye, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Paul Reiffel, Australian cricketer and umpire
    • 1966 – El Samurai, Japanese wrestler
    • 1967 – Philippe Saint-André, French rugby player and coach
    • 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress and activist
    • 1968 – Arshad Warsi, Indian film actor and producer
    • 1969 – Andrew Carnie, Canadian-American linguist, author, and academic
    • 1969 – Susan Polgar, Hungarian-American chess player
    • 1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1970 – Kelly Holmes, English runner
    • 1970 – Abelardo Fernández, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Brendon Burns, Australian comedian, podcaster, writer and author
    • 1971 – Scott McCord, Canadian voice actor
    • 1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
    • 1972 – Jeff Wilkins, American football player
    • 1973 – George Gregan, Zambian-Australian rugby player and coach
    • 1973 – Alessio Scarpi, Italian footballer
    • 1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1975 – Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer
    • 1976 – Ruud Jolie, Dutch guitarist
    • 1976 – Scott Padgett, American basketball player, coach, and radio host
    • 1976 – Kim Young-oh, South Korean author and illustrator
    • 1977 – Joe Beimel, American baseball player
    • 1977 – Anju Bobby George, Indian long jumper
    • 1977 – Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1977 – Dennys Reyes, Mexican baseball player
    • 1977 – Jonny Storm, English wrestler and trainer
    • 1978 – James Franco, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
    • 1978 – Amanda Sage, American-Austrian painter and educator
    • 1979 – Rocky Bernard, American football player
    • 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress
    • 1979 – Zhao Junzhe, Chinese footballer
    • 1980 – Jason Blaine, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1980 – Robyn Regehr, Brazilian-Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1981 – Ryuta Hara, Japanese footballer
    • 1981 – Martin Havlát, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1981 – James Hibberd, English cricketer
    • 1981 – Troy Polamalu, American football player
    • 1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
    • 1982 – Joseph Hagerty, American gymnast
    • 1982 – Filip Jícha, Czech handball player
    • 1982 – Samuel C. Morrison, Jr., Liberian-American journalist, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1982 – Rocco Sabato, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Ignacio Serricchio, Argentinian-American actor
    • 1982 – Sitiveni Sivivatu, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1983 – Alberto Callaspo, Venezuelan-American baseball player
    • 1983 – Zach Duke, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Joe Mauer, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Patrick Platins, German footballer
    • 1983 – Curtis Thigpen, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Christopher Pearce, English cricketer
    • 1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss footballer
    • 1985 – David Cavazos, Mexican singer-songwriter
    • 1985 – Sabrina Jalees, Canadian comedian, dancer, actress, presenter, and writer
    • 1985 – Jan Zimmermann, German footballer
    • 1986 – Pascal Angan, Beninese footballer
    • 1986 – Candace Parker, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Gabe Pruitt, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Will Thursfield, English-Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Luigi Giorgi, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer
    • 1987 – Daniel Schuhmacher, German singer-songwriter
    • 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
    • 1987 – Lauren Wilson, Canadian figure skater
    • 1988 – Enrique Esqueda, Mexican footballer
    • 1989 – Dominik Mader, German footballer
    • 1989 – Daisuke Watabe, Japanese footballer
    • 1989 – Genoveva Añonma, Equatoguinean footballer
    • 1990 – Jackie Bradley, Jr., American baseball player
    • 1990 – Kim Chiu, Filipino actress, singer, and dancer[34]
    • 1990 – Héctor Herrera, Mexican footballer
    • 1990 – Ayaka Takahashi, Japanese badminton player
    • 1991 – Steve Cook, English footballer

    Deaths April 19

    • 843 – Judith of Bavaria, Frankish empress
    • 1012 – Ælfheah of Canterbury, English archbishop and saint (b. 954)
    • 1013 – Hisham II, Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (b. 966)
    • 1044 – Gothelo I, duke of Lorraine
    • 1054 – Leo IX, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1002)
    • 1321 – Gerasimus I, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 1390 – Robert II, king of Scotland (b. 1316)
    • 1405 – Thomas West, 1st Baron West, English nobleman (b. 1335)[35]
    • 1431 – Adolph III, count of Waldeck (b. 1362)
    • 1560 – Philip Melanchthon, German theologian and reformer (b. 1497)
    • 1567 – Michael Stifel, German monk and mathematician (b. 1487)
    • 1578 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
    • 1588 – Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
    • 1608 – Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English poet, playwright, and politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1536)
    • 1618 – Thomas Bastard, English priest and author (b. 1566)
    • 1619 – Jagat Gosain, Mughal empress (b. 1573)[36]
    • 1629 – Sigismondo d’India, Italian composer (b. 1582)
    • 1632 – Sigismund III Vasa, king of Sweden and Poland (b. 1566)
    • 1686 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish historian and playwright (b. 1610)
    • 1689 – Christina, queen of Sweden (b. 1626)
    • 1733 – Elizabeth Hamilton, countess of Orkney (b. 1657)
    • 1739 – Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1682)
    • 1768 – Canaletto, Italian painter and etcher (b. 1697)
    • 1776 – Jacob Emden, German rabbi and author (b. 1697)
    • 1791 – Richard Price, Welsh-English preacher and philosopher (b. 1723)
    • 1813 – Benjamin Rush, American physician and educator (b. 1745)
    • 1824 – Lord Byron, English-Scottish poet and playwright (b. 1788)
    • 1831 – Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1765)
    • 1833 – James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier, Bahamian-English admiral and politician, 36th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1756)
    • 1840 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (b. 1777)
    • 1854 – Robert Jameson, Scottish mineralogist and academic (b. 1774)
    • 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, English journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
    • 1882 – Charles Darwin, English biologist and theorist (b. 1809)
    • 1893 – Martin Körber, Estonian-German pastor, composer, and conductor (b. 1817)
    • 1901 – Alfred Horatio Belo, American publisher, founded The Dallas Morning News (b. 1839)
    • 1906 – Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
    • 1906 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
    • 1909 – Signe Rink, Greenland-born Danish writer and ethnologist (b. 1836)
    • 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1839)
    • 1915 – Thomas Playford II, English-Australian politician, 17th Premier of South Australia (b. 1837)
    • 1916 – Ephraim Shay, American engineer, designed the Shay locomotive (b. 1839)
    • 1926 – Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian-Swiss statistician and theorist (b. 1874)
    • 1930 – Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1827)
    • 1937 – Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, English cartographer and politician (b. 1856)
    • 1937 – William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist and zoologist (b. 1865)
    • 1941 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer (b. 1878)
    • 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Danish-Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
    • 1950 – Ernst Robert Curtius, French-German philologist and scholar (b. 1886)
    • 1955 – Jim Corbett, British-Indian colonel, hunter, and author (b. 1875)
    • 1960 – Beardsley Ruml, American economist and statistician (b. 1894)
    • 1961 – Max Hainle, German swimmer (b. 1882)
    • 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, German politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
    • 1971 – Luigi Piotti, Italian race car driver (b. 1913)
    • 1975 – Percy Lavon Julian, American chemist and academic (b. 1899)
    • 1987 – Hugh Brannum, American vocalist, arranger, and composer (b. 1910)
    • 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, English novelist and playwright (b. 1907)
    • 1991 – Stanley Hawes, English-Australian director and producer (b. 1905)
    • 1992 – Frankie Howerd, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1917)
    • 1993 – David Koresh, American religious leader (b. 1959)
    • 1993 – George S. Mickelson, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
    • 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet, philosopher, and academic Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
    • 1999 – Hermine Braunsteiner, Austrian-German SS officer (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1918)
    • 2001 – Meldrim Thomson, Jr.. American publisher and politician, 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1912)
    • 2002 – Reginald Rose, American writer (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Indian-English caliph (b. 1928)
    • 2004 – Norris McWhirter, English author and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (b. 1925)
    • 2004 – John Maynard Smith, English biologist and geneticist (b. 1920)
    • 2004 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (b. 1922)[37]
    • 2005 – George P. Cosmatos, Italian-Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1941)
    • 2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Clement Meadmore, Australian-American sculptor and author (b. 1929)
    • 2005 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish bassist and composer (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1921)
    • 2007 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – John Marzano, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1963)
    • 2008 – Alfonso López Trujillo, Colombian cardinal (b. 1935)
    • 2009 – J. G. Ballard, English novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1930)
    • 2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (b. 1946)[38]
    • 2012 – Leopold David de Rothschild, English financier and philanthropist (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Greg Ham, Australian saxophonist, songwriter, and actor (b. 1953)
    • 2012 – Levon Helm, American singer-songwriter, drummer, guitarist, instrumentalist, and actor (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – Valeri Vasiliev, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
    • 2013 – Sivanthi Adithan, Indian businessman (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Allan Arbus, American actor and photographer (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Mike Denness, Scottish-English cricketer and referee (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – François Jacob, French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – E. L. Konigsburg, American author and illustrator (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Al Neuharth, American journalist, author, and publisher, founded USA Today (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Lindy Berry, American football player (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Ian McIntyre, Scottish journalist and producer (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Frits Thors, Dutch journalist (b. 1909)
    • 2015 – Raymond Carr, English historian and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2015 – William Price Fox, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Roy Mason, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Defence (b. 1924)[39]
    • 2015 – Tom McCabe, Scottish social worker and politician (b. 1954)[40]
    • 2015 – Oktay Sinanoğlu, Italian-Turkish chemist and academic (b. 1935)
    • 2016 – Patricio Aylwin, Chilean politician (b. 1918)[41]
    • 2016 – Milt Pappas, American baseball player (b. 1939)[42]
    • 2017 – Aaron Hernandez, American football player (b. 1989)[43]

    Holidays and observances on April 19

    • Christian feast day:
      • Ælfheah of Canterbury (Anglican, Catholic)
      • Conrad of Ascoli
      • Emma of Lesum
      • Expeditus
      • George of Antioch
      • Olaus and Laurentius Petri (Lutheran)
      • Pope Leo IX
      • Ursmar
      • April 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which First Day of Summer or Sumardagurinn fyrsti can fall, while April 25 is the latest; celebrated on the first Thursday after April 18. (Iceland)
    • Army Day (Brazil)
    • Beginning of the Independence Movement (Venezuela)
    • Bicycle Day[44]
    • Dutch-American Friendship Day (United States)
    • Holocaust Remembrance Day (Poland)
    • Indian Day (Brazil)
    • King Mswati III’s birthday (Eswatini)
    • Landing of the 33 Patriots Day (Uruguay)
    • Patriots’ Day (Massachusetts, Maine and Wisconsin, United States)

  • April 18 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The patrician Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days.
    • 1506 – The cornerstone of the current St. Peter’s Basilica is laid.
    • 1518 – Bona Sforza is crowned as queen consort of Poland.
    • 1521 – Trial of Martin Luther begins its second day during the assembly of the Diet of Worms. He refuses to recant his teachings despite the risk of excommunication.
    • 1689 – Bostonians rise up in rebellion against Sir Edmund Andros.
    • 1738 – Real Academia de la Historia (“Royal Academy of History”) is founded in Madrid.
    • 1775 – American Revolution: The British advancement by sea begins; Paul Revere and other riders warn the countryside of the troop movements.
    • 1783 – Three-Fifths Compromise: the first instance of black slaves in the United States of America being counted as three fifths of persons (for the purpose of taxation), in a resolution of the Congress of the Confederation. This was later adopted in the 1787 Constitution.
    • 1831 – The University of Alabama is founded in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
    • 1847 – American victory at the battle of Cerro Gordo opens the way for invasion of Mexico.
    • 1857 – “The Spirits Book” by Allan Kardec is published, marking the birth of Spiritualism in France.
    • 1864 – Battle of Dybbøl: A Prussian-Austrian army defeats Denmark and gains control of Schleswig. Denmark surrenders the province in the following peace settlement.
    • 1897 – The Greco-Turkish War is declared between Greece and the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1899 – The St. Andrew’s Ambulance Association is granted a royal charter by Queen Victoria.
    • 1902 – The 7.5 Mw  Guatemala earthquake shakes Guatemala with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing between 800–2,000.
    • 1906 – An earthquake and fire destroy much of San Francisco, California.
    • 1909 – Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome.
    • 1912 – The Cunard liner RMS Carpathia brings 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic to New York City.
    • 1915 – French pilot Roland Garros is shot down and glides to a landing on the German side of the lines during World War I.
    • 1923 – Yankee Stadium: “The House that Ruth Built” opens.
    • 1925 – The International Amateur Radio Union is formed in Paris.
    • 1930 – The British Broadcasting Corporation announced that “there is no news” in their evening report.
    • 1939 – Robert Menzies, who became Australia’s longest-serving prime minister, is elected as leader of the United Australia Party after the death of Prime Minister Joseph Lyons.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Doolittle Raid on Japan: Tokyo, Yokohama, Kobe and Nagoya are bombed.
    • 1942 – Pierre Laval becomes Prime Minister of Vichy France.
    • 1943 – World War II: Operation Vengeance, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto is killed when his aircraft is shot down by U.S. fighters over Bougainville Island.
    • 1945 – Over 1,000 bombers attack the small island of Heligoland, Germany.
    • 1946 – The International Court of Justice holds its inaugural meeting in The Hague, Netherlands.
    • 1949 – The Republic of Ireland Act comes into effect.
    • 1949 – The keel for the aircraft carrier USS United States is laid down at Newport News Drydock and Shipbuilding. However, construction is canceled five days later, resulting in the Revolt of the Admirals.
    • 1954 – Gamal Abdel Nasser seizes power in Egypt.
    • 1955 – Twenty-nine nations meet at Bandung, Indonesia, for the first Asian-African Conference.
    • 1980 – The Republic of Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) comes into being, with Canaan Banana as the country’s first President. The Zimbabwean dollar replaces the Rhodesian dollar as the official currency.
    • 1983 – A suicide bomber in Lebanon destroys the United States embassy in Beirut, killing 63 people.
    • 1987 – The New York Islanders defeat the Washington Capitals 3–2 in Game 7 of their Patrick Division Semifinal series.
    • 1988 – The United States launches Operation Praying Mantis against Iranian naval forces in the largest naval battle since World War II.
    • 1996 – In Lebanon, at least 106 civilians are killed when the Israel Defense Forces shell the United Nations compound at Qana where more than 800 civilians had taken refuge.
    • 1997 – The Red River flood begins and soon overwhelms the city of Grand Forks, North Dakota. Fire breaks out and spreads in downtown Grand Forks, but high water levels hamper efforts to reach the fire, leading to the destruction of 11 buildings.
    • 1999 – Wayne Gretzky, the National Hockey League’s all-time points scorer, plays his final game at Madison Square Garden as a teammate of the New York Rangers in a 2-1 overtime loss to the Pittsburgh Penguins. Gretzky recorded his final career point, an assist, bringing his career point total to 2,857.
    • 2007 – A series of bombings, two of them being suicides, occur in Baghdad, killing 198 and injuring 251.
    • 2013 – A suicide bombing in a Baghdad cafe kills 27 people and injures another 65.
    • 2018 – King Mswati III of Swaziland announces that his country’s name will change to Eswatini.
    • 2019 – A redacted version of the Mueller Report is released to the United States Congress and the public.
    • 2020 – Coronavirus Pandemic: Europe surpasses 100,000 COVID-19 deaths.

    Births on April 18

    • 359 – Gratian, Roman emperor (d. 383)
    • 588 – K’an II, Mayan ruler (d. 658)
    • 812 – Al-Wathiq, Abbasid caliph (d. 847)
    • 1446 – Ippolita Maria Sforza, Italian noble (d. 1484)
    • 1480 – Lucrezia Borgia, daughter of Pope Alexander VI
    • 1503 – Henry II of Navarre, (d. 1555)
    • 1534 – William Harrison, English clergyman (d. 1593)
    • 1580 – Thomas Middleton, English Jacobean playwright and poet (d. 1627)
    • 1590 – Ahmed I, Ottoman Emperor (d. 1617)
    • 1605 – Giacomo Carissimi, Italian priest and composer (d. 1674)
    • 1666 – Jean-Féry Rebel, French violinist and composer (d. 1747)
    • 1740 – Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, English banker and politician (d. 1810)
    • 1759 – Jacques Widerkehr, French cellist and composer (d. 1823)
    • 1771 – Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg (d. 1820)
    • 1772 – David Ricardo, British economist and politician (d. 1823)
    • 1794 – William Debenham, English founder of Debenhams (d. 1863)
    • 1797 – Adolphe Thiers, French historian and politician, 2nd President of France (d. 1877)
    • 1813 – James McCune Smith, African-American physician, apothecary, abolitionist, and author (d. 1865)
    • 1819 – Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Cuban lawyer and activist (d. 1874)
    • 1819 – Franz von Suppé, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1895)
    • 1838 – Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, French chemist and academic (d. 1912)
    • 1854 – Ludwig Levy, German architect (d. 1907)
    • 1857 – Clarence Darrow, American lawyer (d. 1938)
    • 1858 – Dhondo Keshav Karve, Indian educator and activist, Bharat Ratna Awardee (d. 1962)
    • 1858 – Alexander Shirvanzade, Armenian playwright and author (d. 1935)
    • 1863 – Count Leopold Berchtold, Austrian-Hungarian politician and diplomat, Joint Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary (d. 1942)
    • 1863 – Linton Hope, English sailor and architect (d. 1920)
    • 1864 – Richard Harding Davis, American journalist and author (d. 1916)
    • 1874 – Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, Croatian author and poet (d. 1938)
    • 1877 – Vicente Sotto, Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 1950)
    • 1879 – Korneli Kekelidze, Georgian philologist and scholar (d. 1962)
    • 1880 – Sam Crawford, American baseball player, coach, and umpire (d. 1968)
    • 1882 – Isaac Babalola Akinyele, Nigerian ruler (d. 1964)
    • 1882 – Leopold Stokowski, English conductor (d. 1977)
    • 1884 – Jaan Anvelt, Estonian educator and politician (d. 1937)
    • 1888 – Duffy Lewis, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1979)
    • 1889 – Jessie Street, Australian activist (d. 1970)
    • 1892 – Eugene Houdry, French-American mechanical engineer and inventor (d. 1962)
    • 1893 – Violette Morris, French shot putter and discus thrower (d. 1944)
    • 1897 – Ardito Desio, Italian geologist and cartographer (d. 2001)
    • 1897 – Per-Erik Hedlund, Swedish skier (d. 1975)
    • 1898 – Patrick Hennessy, Irish soldier and businessman (d. 1981)
    • 1900 – Bertha Isaacs, Bahamian teacher, tennis player, politician and women’s rights activist (d. 1997)
    • 1901 – Al Lewis, American songwriter (d. 1967)
    • 1901 – László Németh, Hungarian dentist, author, and playwright (d. 1975)
    • 1902 – Waldemar Hammenhög, Swedish author (d. 1972)
    • 1902 – Giuseppe Pella, Italian politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1981)
    • 1904 – Pigmeat Markham, African-American comedian, singer, and dancer (d. 1981)
    • 1905 – Sydney Halter, Canadian lawyer and businessman (d. 1990)
    • 1905 – George H. Hitchings, American physician and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
    • 1907 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian-American composer and conductor (d. 1995)
    • 1911 – Ilario Bandini, Italian businessman and racing driver (d. 1992)
    • 1911 – Maurice Goldhaber, Ukrainian Jewish-American physicist and academic (d. 2011)
    • 1914 – Claire Martin, Canadian author (d. 2014)
    • 1915 – Joy Davidman, Polish-Ukrainian Jewish American poet and author (d. 1960)
    • 1916 – Carl Burgos, American illustrator (d. 1984)
    • 1916 – Doug Peden, Canadian basketball player (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Ty LaForest, Canadian-American baseball player (d. 1947)
    • 1918 – Gabriel Axel, Danish-French actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – André Bazin, French critic and theorist (d. 1958)
    • 1918 – Shinobu Hashimoto, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2018)
    • 1918 – Clifton Hillegass, American publisher, founded CliffsNotes (d. 2001)
    • 1918 – Tony Mottola, American guitarist and composer (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Virginia O’Brien, American actress and singer (d. 2001)
    • 1919 – Esther Afua Ocloo, Ghanaian entrepreneur and pioneer of microlending (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – John F. Wiley, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Jean Richard, French actor and singer (d. 2001)
    • 1922 – Barbara Hale, American actress (d. 2017)
    • 1922 – Lord Kitchener, Trinidadian singer (d. 2000)
    • 1923 – Alfred Bieler, Swiss ice hockey player (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Beryl Platt, Baroness Platt of Writtle, English engineer and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1924 – Clarence “Gatemouth” Brown, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Henry Hyde, American commander, lawyer, and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1924 – Roy Mason, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Defence (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Marcus Schmuck, Austrian mountaineer and author (d. 2005)
    • 1926 – Doug Insole, English cricketer (d. 2017)
    • 1927 – Samuel P. Huntington, American political scientist, author, and academic (d. 2008)
    • 1927 – Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Polish journalist and politician, Prime Minister of Poland (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Charles Pasqua, French businessman and politician, French Minister of the Interior (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Karl Josef Becker, German cardinal and theologian (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Otto Piene, German sculptor and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Peter Hordern, English soldier and politician
    • 1930 – Clive Revill, New Zealand actor and singer
    • 1931 – Bill Miles, American director and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – James Drury, American actor (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – George Shirley, African-American tenor and educator
    • 1935 – Brian Clay, Australian rugby league player (d. 1987)
    • 1935 – Costas Ferris, Egyptian-Greek actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1936 – Roger Graef, American-English criminologist, director, and producer
    • 1936 – Vladimir Hütt, Estonian physicist and philosopher (d. 1997)
    • 1936 – “TV” Tommy Ivo, American actor and drag racer
    • 1937 – Jan Kaplický, Czech architect, designed the Selfridges Building (d. 2009)
    • 1937 – Tatyana Shchelkanova, Russian long jumper and heptathlete (d. 2011)
    • 1937 – Teddy Taylor, Scottish journalist and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1939 – Glen Hardin, American pianist and arranger
    • 1939 – Thomas J. Moyer, American lawyer and judge (d. 2010)
    • 1940 – Joseph L. Goldstein, American biochemist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1940 – Mike Vickers, English guitarist, saxophonist, and songwriter
    • 1941 – Michael D. Higgins, Irish sociologist and politician, 9th President of Ireland
    • 1942 – Michael Beloff, English lawyer and academic
    • 1942 – Steve Blass, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1942 – Robert Christgau, American journalist and critic
    • 1942 – Jochen Rindt, German-Austrian racing driver (d. 1970)
    • 1944 – Kathy Acker, American author and poet (d. 1997)
    • 1944 – Frances D’Souza, Baroness D’Souza, English academic and politician
    • 1944 – Robert Hanssen, American FBI agent and double agent
    • 1944 – Philip Jackson, Scottish sculptor and photographer
    • 1945 – Bernard Arcand, Canadian anthropologist and author (d. 2009)
    • 1945 – Richard Bausch, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1945 – Robert Bausch, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1946 – Hayley Mills, English actress
    • 1946 – Tommy Shannon, American bass guitarist
    • 1947 – Moses Blah, Liberian general and politician, 23rd President of Liberia (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Dorothy Lyman, American actress
    • 1947 – Cindy Pickett, American actress
    • 1947 – Jerzy Stuhr, Polish actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – James Woods, American actor and producer
    • 1948 – Régis Wargnier, French director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Geoff Bodine, American race car driver
    • 1950 – Paul Callery, Australian footballer
    • 1950 – Tina Chow, American model and jewelry designer (d. 1992)
    • 1950 – Kenny Ortega, American director, producer, and choreographer
    • 1950 – Grigory Sokolov, Russian pianist and composer
    • 1951 – Ricardo Fortaleza, Australian-Filipino boxer and coach
    • 1951 – Pierre Pettigrew, Canadian businessman and politician, 5th Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1953 – Rick Moranis, Canadian-American actor, comedian, singer and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Robert Greenberg, American pianist and composer
    • 1956 – Chris Jones, English footballer
    • 1956 – Eric Roberts, American actor
    • 1957 – Ian Campbell, Australian jumper
    • 1958 – Gabi Delgado-López, Spanish-German singer, co-founder of D.A.F.
    • 1958 – Malcolm Marshall, Barbadian cricketer and coach (d. 1999)
    • 1959 – Susan Faludi, American journalist and author
    • 1959 – Frank Mulholland, Lord Mulholland, Scottish judge, former Solicitor General for Scotland and Lord Advocate
    • 1960 – John Chiedozie, Nigerian international footballer
    • 1960 – Yelena Zhupiyeva-Vyazova, Ukrainian runner
    • 1961 – Kelly Hansen, American singer-songwriter
    • 1961 – Jane Leeves, English actress and dancer
    • 1961 – John Podhoretz, American journalist and author
    • 1962 – Jeff Dunham, American comedian and ventriloquist
    • 1962 – Nick Farr-Jones, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Eric McCormack, Canadian-American actor and producer
    • 1963 – Conan O’Brien, American actor, producer, screenwriter, and talk show host
    • 1963 – Phil Simmons, Trinidadian cricketer
    • 1963 – Peter Van Loan, Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Canadian Minister of International Trade
    • 1964 – Niall Ferguson, Scottish historian and academic
    • 1964 – Rithy Panh, Cambodian director and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Valeri Kamensky, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1967 – Maria Bello, American actress and writer
    • 1969 – Keith DeCandido, American author
    • 1969 – Stefan Schwarz, Swedish footballer and manager
    • 1969 – Robert Změlík, Czech decathlete
    • 1970 – Rico Brogna, American baseball player and coach
    • 1970 – Greg Eklund, American drummer and guitarist
    • 1970 – Saad Hariri, Saudi Arabian-Lebanese businessman and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Lebanon
    • 1970 – François Leroux, Canadian ice hockey player and radio host
    • 1970 – Tatiana Stefanidou, Greek journalist and talk show host
    • 1971 – Oleg Petrov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1971 – Graham Rowntree, English rugby player
    • 1971 – David Tennant, Scottish actor
    • 1972 – Rosa Clemente, American journalist and activist
    • 1972 – Eli Roth, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Michael Rutter, English motorcycle racer
    • 1973 – Derrick Brooks, American football player
    • 1973 – Brady Clark, American baseball player
    • 1973 – Haile Gebrselassie, Ethiopian runner
    • 1974 – Millie Corretjer, Puerto Rican-American actress and singer
    • 1974 – Mark Tremonti, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1976 – Gavin Creel, American actor and singer
    • 1976 – Melissa Joan Hart, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1976 – Andrew Ilie, Romanian-Australian tennis player
    • 1976 – Justin Ross, American politician
    • 1976 – Staffan Strand, Swedish high jumper
    • 1977 – Dan LaCouture, American ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Cindy Taylor, Paraguayan model and actress
    • 1979 – Michael Bradley, American basketball player and coach
    • 1979 – Ethan Cohn, American actor
    • 1979 – Matt Cooper, Australian rugby league player
    • 1979 – Anthony Davidson, English racing driver
    • 1979 – Kourtney Kardashian, American model and businesswoman
    • 1980 – Rabiu Afolabi, Nigerian footballer and manager
    • 1980 – Justin Levens, American mixed martial artist (d. 2008)
    • 1981 – Brian Buscher, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Milan Jovanović, Serbian footballer
    • 1981 – Aldo Ramírez, Colombian footballer
    • 1981 – Audrey Tang, Taiwanese computer scientist and academic
    • 1982 – Ibrahim al-Asiri, Saudi Arabian terrorist
    • 1982 – Greg Camarillo, American football player
    • 1982 – Ricardo Colclough, Canadian-American football player
    • 1982 – Simone Farina, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Scott Hartnell, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Blair Late, American singer-songwriter and journalist
    • 1982 – Darren Sutherland, Irish boxer (d. 2009)
    • 1982 – Marie-Élaine Thibert, Canadian singer
    • 1983 – Miguel Cabrera, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1983 – Reeve Carney, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1984 – Red Bryant, American football player
    • 1984 – America Ferrera, American actress and producer
    • 1985 – Łukasz Fabiański, Polish footballer
    • 1986 – Billy Butler, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Maurice Edu, American soccer player
    • 1986 – Taylor Griffin, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Conrad Logan, Irish footballer
    • 1986 – Efraín Velarde, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Brett Deledio, Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Danny Guthrie, English footballer
    • 1987 – Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, English model and actress
    • 1987 – Samantha Jade, Australian singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1987 – Ivan Tričkovski, Macedonian footballer
    • 1988 – Andre Frolov, Estonian footballer
    • 1988 – Alexander Hauck, South African-German rugby player
    • 1989 – Jessica Jung, Korean American singer, songwriter, actress, and fashion designer
    • 1990 – Henderson Álvarez, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1990 – Anna van der Breggen, Dutch cyclist
    • 1990 – Jake Howells, English footballer
    • 1990 – Wojciech Szczęsny, Polish footballer
    • 1990 – Junior Torunarigha, Nigerian footballer
    • 1993 – Matt Salisbury, English cricketer
    • 1993 – Nathan Sykes, English singer-songwriter
    • 1995 – Divock Origi, Belgian footballer
    • 1996 – Mariah Bell, American figure skater
    • 1996 – Ioana Ducu, Romanian tennis player
    • 1997 – Matthias Blübaum, German chess grandmaster
    • 1997 – Donny van de Beek, Dutch footballer

    Deaths on April 18

    • 727 – Agallianos Kontoskeles, Byzantine commander and rebel leader
    • 850 – Perfectus, Spanish monk and martyr
    • 909 – Dionysius II, Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch
    • 943 – Fujiwara no Atsutada, Japanese nobleman and poet (b. 906)
    • 963 – Stephen Lekapenos, co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire
    • 1161 – Theobald of Bec, French-English archbishop (b. 1090)
    • 1176 – Galdino della Sala, Italian archdeacon and saint
    • 1552 – John Leland, English poet and historian (b. 1502)
    • 1555 – Polydore Vergil, English historian (b. 1470)
    • 1556 – Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet and politician (b. 1495)
    • 1567 – Wilhelm von Grumbach, German adventurer (b. 1503)
    • 1587 – John Foxe, English historian and author (b. 1516)
    • 1636 – Julius Caesar, English judge and politician (b. 1557)
    • 1650 – Simonds d’Ewes, English lawyer and politician (b. 1602)
    • 1674 – John Graunt, English demographer and statistician (b. 1620)
    • 1689 – George Jeffreys, 1st Baron Jeffreys, Welsh judge and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1648)
    • 1732 – Louis Feuillée, French astronomer, geographer, and botanist (b. 1660)
    • 1742 – Arvid Horn, Swedish general and politician (b. 1664)
    • 1763 – Marie-Josephte Corriveau, Canadian murderer (b. 1733)
    • 1794 – Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden, English lawyer, judge, and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1714)
    • 1796 – Johan Wilcke, Swedish physicist and academic (b. 1732)
    • 1802 – Erasmus Darwin, English physician and botanist (b. 1731)
    • 1832 – Jeanne-Elisabeth Chaudet, French painter (b. 1761)
    • 1859 – Tatya Tope, Indian general (b. 1814)
    • 1864 – Juris Alunāns, Latvian philologist and linguist (b. 1832)
    • 1873 – Justus von Liebig, German chemist and academic (b. 1803)
    • 1898 – Gustave Moreau, French painter and academic (b. 1826)
    • 1906 – Luis Martín, Spanish religious leader, 24th Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1846)
    • 1912 – Martha Ripley, American physician (b. 1843)
    • 1917 – Vladimir Serbsky, Russian psychiatrist and academic (b. 1858)
    • 1923 – Savina Petrilli, Italian religious leader (b. 1851)
    • 1936 – Milton Brown, American singer and bandleader (b. 1903)
    • 1936 – Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer and conductor (b. 1879)
    • 1938 – George Bryant, American archer (b. 1878)
    • 1942 – Aleksander Mitt, Estonian speed skater (b. 1903)
    • 1942 – Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American heiress, sculptor and art collector, founded the Whitney Museum of American Art (b. 1875)
    • 1943 – Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese admiral (b. 1884)
    • 1945 – John Ambrose Fleming, English physicist and engineer, invented the vacuum tube (b. 1849)
    • 1945 – Ernie Pyle, American journalist and soldier (b. 1900)
    • 1947 – Jozef Tiso, Slovak priest and politician, President of Slovakia (b. 1887)
    • 1951 – Óscar Carmona, Portuguese field marshal and politician, 11th President of Portugal (b. 1869)
    • 1955 – Albert Einstein, German-American physicist, engineer, and academic (b. 1879)
    • 1958 – Maurice Gamelin, Belgian-French general (b. 1872)
    • 1959 – Irving Cummings, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1888)
    • 1959 – Percy Smith, English footballer and manager (b. 1880)
    • 1963 – Meyer Jacobstein, American academic and politician (b. 1880)
    • 1964 – Ben Hecht, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1894)
    • 1965 – Guillermo González Camarena, Mexican engineer (b. 1917)
    • 1967 – Karl Miller, German footballer (b. 1913)
    • 1974 – Marcel Pagnol, French author, playwright, and director (b. 1895)
    • 1986 – Marcel Dassault, French businessman, founded Dassault Aviation (b. 1892)
    • 1988 – Pierre Desproges, French journalist and actor (b. 1939)
    • 1988 – Oktay Rıfat Horozcu, Turkish poet and playwright (b. 1914)
    • 1995 – Arturo Frondizi, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Argentina (b. 1908)
    • 1996 – Brook Berringer, American football player (b. 1973)
    • 1996 – Bernard Edwards, American bass player and producer (b. 1952)
    • 1997 – Edward Barker, English cartoonist (b. 1950)
    • 1998 – Terry Sanford, American lieutenant and politician, 65th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1917)
    • 2002 – Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian ethnographer and explorer (b. 1914)
    • 2002 – Wahoo McDaniel, American football player and wrestler (b. 1938)
    • 2003 – Edgar F. Codd, English-American soldier, pilot, and computer scientist (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Kamisese Mara, Fijian politician, 2nd President of Fiji (b. 1920)
    • 2005 – Sam Mills, American football player and coach (b. 1959)
    • 2006 – Mercedes Palomino, Spanish-born Quebec actor and theatre director (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Iccho Itoh, Japanese politician (b. 1945)
    • 2008 – Germaine Tillion, French ethnologist and anthropologist (b. 1907)
    • 2012 – Dick Clark, American television host and producer, founded Dick Clark Productions (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – René Lépine, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – K. D. Wentworth, American author (b. 1951)
    • 2013 – Cordell Mosson, American bass player (b. 1952)
    • 2013 – Steuart Pringle, English general (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Goran Švob, Croatian philosopher and author (b. 1947)
    • 2013 – Anne Williams, English activist (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Guru Dhanapal, Indian director and producer (b. 1959)
    • 2014 – Sanford Jay Frank, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Eduard Kosolapov, Russian footballer (b. 1976)
    • 2014 – David McClarty, Northern Irish politician (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Brian Priestman, English conductor and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Dylan Tombides, Australian footballer (b. 1994)
    • 2015 – Roger Lobo, Macanese-Hong Kong businessman and politician (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Erwin Waldner, German footballer (b. 1933)
    • 2016 – Aleah Stanbridge, Swedish singer (b. 1977)
    • 2017 – Vic Albury, Major League pitcher (b. 1947)
    • 2018 – Bruno Sammartino, Italian professional wrestler (b. 1935)
    • 2018 – Dale Winton, British television presenter (b. 1955)
    • 2019 – Lorraine Warren, American paranormal investigator. (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on  April 18

    • Christian feast day:
      • Apollonius the Apologist
      • Corebus
      • Cyril VI of Constantinople (Eastern Orthodox Church)
      • Eleutherius and Antia
      • Galdino della Sala
      • Molaise of Leighlin
      • Perfectus
      • Plato of Sakkoudion
      • April 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Army Day (Iran)
    • Coma Patients’ Day (Poland)
    • Friend’s Day (Brazil)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Zimbabwe from the United Kingdom in 1980.
    • International Day For Monuments and Sites
    • Invention Day (Japan)
    • Victory over the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of the Ice (Russia)

  • April 13 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire.
    • 1612 – Miyamoto Musashi defeats Sasaki Kojirō at Funajima island.
    • 1613 – Samuel Argall, having captured Native American princess Pocahontas in Passapatanzy, Virginia, sets off with her to Jamestown with the intention of exchanging her for English prisoners held by her father.
    • 1742 – George Frideric Handel’s oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
    • 1777 – American Revolutionary War: American forces are ambushed and defeated in the Battle of Bound Brook, New Jersey.
    • 1829 – The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 gives Roman Catholics in the United Kingdom the right to vote and to sit in Parliament.
    • 1849 – Lajos Kossuth presents the Hungarian Declaration of Independence in a closed session of the National Assembly.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to Confederate forces.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: Raleigh, North Carolina is occupied by Union Forces.
    • 1870 – The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
    • 1873 – The Colfax massacre, in which more than 60 black men are murdered, takes place.
    • 1909 – The military of the Ottoman Empire reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
    • 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh massacre: British Indian Army troops lead by Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer killed approx 379-1000 unarmed demonstrators including men and women in Amritsar, India; and approximately 1,500 injured.
    • 1941 – A pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
    • 1943 – World War II: The discovery of mass graves of Polish prisoners of war killed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre is announced, causing a diplomatic rift between the Polish government-in-exile in London and the Soviet Union, which denies responsibility.
    • 1943 – The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of President Thomas Jefferson’s birth.
    • 1944 – Relations between New Zealand and the Soviet Union are established.
    • 1945 – World War II: German troops kill more than 1,000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen, Germany.
    • 1945 – World War II: Soviet and Bulgarian forces capture Vienna.
    • 1948 – In an ambush, 78 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital, and a British soldier, are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarrah. This event came to be known as the Hadassah medical convoy massacre.
    • 1953 – CIA director Allen Dulles launches the mind-control program Project MKUltra.
    • 1958 – American pianist Van Cliburn is awarded first prize at the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow.
    • 1960 – The United States launches Transit 1-B, the world’s first satellite navigation system.
    • 1964 – At the Academy Awards, Sidney Poitier becomes the first African-American male to win the Best Actor award for the 1963 film Lilies of the Field.
    • 1970 – An oxygen tank aboard the Apollo 13 Service Module explodes, putting the crew in great danger and causing major damage to the Apollo command and service module (codenamed “Odyssey“) while en route to the Moon.
    • 1972 – The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
    • 1972 – Vietnam War: The Battle of An Lộc begins.
    • 1975 – An attack by the Phalangist resistance kills 26 militia members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, marking the start of the 15-year Lebanese Civil War.
    • 1976 – The United States Treasury Department reintroduces the two-dollar bill as a Federal Reserve Note on Thomas Jefferson’s 233rd birthday as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration.
    • 1976 – Forty workers die in an explosion at the Lapua ammunition factory, the deadliest accidental disaster in modern history in Finland.
    • 1992 – Basements throughout the Chicago Loop are flooded, forcing the Chicago Board of Trade Building and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange to close.
    • 1997 – Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win the Masters Tournament.
    • 2003 – A bus near the Vale of Tempe, Greece was involved in a major vehicle accident with a truck and multiple cars, leaving 21 students in the tenth grade of Makrochori, Imathia High School dead and nine injured during their return to their homes from a trip to Athens.
    • 2017 – The US drops the largest ever non-nuclear weapon on Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan.

    Births on April 13

    • 1229 – Louis II, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1294)
    • 1350 – Margaret III, Countess of Flanders (d. 1405)
    • 1506 – Peter Faber, French priest and theologian, co-founded the Society of Jesus (d. 1546)
    • 1519 – Catherine de’ Medici, Italian-French wife of Henry II of France (d. 1589)
    • 1570 – Guy Fawkes, English soldier, planned the Gunpowder Plot (probable; d. 1606)
    • 1573 – Christina of Holstein-Gottorp (d. 1625)
    • 1593 – Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1641)
    • 1618 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French author (d. 1693)
    • 1636 – Hendrik van Rheede, Dutch botanist (d. 1691)
    • 1648 – Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon, French mystic (d. 1717)
    • 1713 – Pierre Jélyotte, French tenor (d. 1797)
    • 1729 – Thomas Percy, Irish bishop and poet (d. 1811)
    • 1732 – Frederick North, Lord North, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1792)
    • 1735 – Isaac Low, American merchant and politician, founded the New York Chamber of Commerce (d. 1791)
    • 1743 – Thomas Jefferson, American lawyer and politician, 3rd President of the United States (d. 1826)
    • 1747 – Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (d. 1793)
    • 1764 – Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, French general and politician, French Minister of War (d. 1830)
    • 1769 – Thomas Lawrence, English painter and educator (d. 1830)
    • 1771 – Richard Trevithick, Cornish-English engineer and explorer (d. 1833)
    • 1780 – Alexander Mitchell, Irish engineer, invented the Screw-pile lighthouse (d. 1868)
    • 1784 – Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, Prussian field marshal (d. 1877)
    • 1787 – John Robertson, American lawyer and politician (d. 1873)
    • 1794 – Jean Pierre Flourens, French physiologist and academic (d. 1867)
    • 1802 – Leopold Fitzinger, Austrian zoologist and herpetologist (d. 1884)
    • 1808 – Antonio Meucci, Italian-American engineer (d. 1889)
    • 1810 – Félicien David, French composer (d. 1876)
    • 1824 – William Alexander, Irish archbishop, poet, and theologian (d. 1911)
    • 1825 – Thomas D’Arcy McGee, Irish-Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1868)
    • 1828 – Josephine Butler, English feminist and social reformer (d. 1906)
    • 1828 – Joseph Lightfoot, English bishop and theologian (d. 1889)
    • 1832 – Juan Montalvo, Ecuadorian author and diplomat (d. 1889)
    • 1841 – Louis-Ernest Barrias, French sculptor and academic (d. 1905)
    • 1850 – Arthur Matthew Weld Downing, Irish astronomer (d. 1917)
    • 1851 – Robert Abbe, American surgeon and radiologist (d. 1928)
    • 1851 – William Quan Judge, Irish occultist and theosophist (d. 1896)
    • 1852 – Frank Winfield Woolworth, American businessman, founded the F. W. Woolworth Company (d. 1919)
    • 1854 – Lucy Craft Laney, Founder of the Haines Normal and Industrial School, Augusta, Georgia (d. 1933)
    • 1860 – James Ensor, English-Belgian painter (d. 1949)
    • 1866 – Butch Cassidy, American criminal (d. 1908)
    • 1872 – John Cameron, Scottish international footballer and manager (d. 1935)
    • 1872 – Alexander Roda Roda, Austrian-Croatian journalist and author (d. 1945)
    • 1873 – John W. Davis, American lawyer and politician, 14th United States Solicitor General (d. 1955)
    • 1875 – Ray Lyman Wilbur, American physician, academic, and politician, 31st United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 1949)
    • 1879 – Edward Bruce, American lawyer and painter (d. 1943)
    • 1879 – Oswald Bruce Cooper, American type designer, lettering artist, graphic designer, and educator (d. 1940)
    • 1880 – Charles Christie, Canadian-American businessman, co-founded the Christie Film Company (d. 1955)
    • 1885 – Vean Gregg, American baseball player (d. 1964)
    • 1885 – Juhan Kukk, Estonian politician, Head of State of Estonia (d. 1942)
    • 1885 – György Lukács, Hungarian philosopher and critic (d. 1971)
    • 1885 – Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy, Dutch politician (d. 1961)
    • 1887 – Gordon S. Fahrni, Canadian physician and golfer (d. 1995)
    • 1889 – Herbert Yardley, American cryptologist and author (d. 1958)
    • 1890 – Frank Murphy, American jurist and politician, 56th United States Attorney General (d. 1949)
    • 1890 – Dadasaheb Torne, Indian director and producer (d. 1960)
    • 1891 – Maurice Buckley, Australian sergeant, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1921)
    • 1891 – Nella Larsen, Danish/African-American nurse, librarian, and author (d. 1964)
    • 1891 – Robert Scholl, German accountant and politician (d. 1973)
    • 1892 – Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet, English air marshal (d. 1984)
    • 1892 – Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer, invented Radar (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – Arthur Fadden, Australian accountant and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – Joie Ray, American runner (d. 1978)
    • 1896 – Fred Barnett, English footballer (d. 1982)
    • 1897 – Werner Voss, German lieutenant and pilot (d. 1917)
    • 1899 – Alfred Mosher Butts, American architect and game designer, created Scrabble (d. 1993)
    • 1899 – Harold Osborn, American high jumper and decathlete (d. 1975)
    • 1900 – Sorcha Boru, American potter and ceramic sculptor (d. 2006)
    • 1900 – Pierre Molinier, French painter and photographer (d. 1976)
    • 1901 – Jacques Lacan, French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Alan Watt, Australian public servant and diplomat, Australian Ambassador to Japan (d. 1988)
    • 1902 – Philippe de Rothschild, French Grand Prix driver, playwright, and producer (d. 1988)
    • 1902 – Marguerite Henry, American author (d. 1997)
    • 1904 – David Robinson, English businessman and philanthropist (d. 1987)
    • 1905 – Rae Johnstone, Australian jockey (d. 1964)
    • 1906 – Samuel Beckett, Irish novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
    • 1906 – Bud Freeman, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1991)
    • 1907 – Harold Stassen, American lawyer and politician, 25th Governor of Minnesota (d. 2001)
    • 1909 – Eudora Welty, American short story writer and novelist (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – Ico Hitrec, Croatian footballer and manager (d. 1946)
    • 1911 – Jean-Louis Lévesque, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1994)
    • 1911 – Nino Sanzogno, Italian conductor and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1913 – Dave Albritton, American high jumper and coach (d. 1994)
    • 1913 – Kermit Tyler, American lieutenant and pilot (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Orhan Veli Kanık, Turkish poet and author (d. 1950)
    • 1916 – Phyllis Fraser, Welsh-American actress, journalist, and publisher, co-founded Beginner Books (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Robert Orville Anderson, American businessman, founded Atlantic Richfield Oil Co. (d. 2007)
    • 1917 – Bill Clements, American soldier, engineer, and politician, 15th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense (d. 2011)
    • 1919 – Roland Gaucher, French journalist and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Howard Keel, American actor and singer (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Madalyn Murray O’Hair, American activist, founded American Atheists (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (d. 1982)
    • 1920 – Claude Cheysson, French lieutenant and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Liam Cosgrave, Irish lawyer and politician, 6th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 2017)
    • 1920 – Theodore L. Thomas, American chemical engineer, Patent attorney and writer (d. 2005)
    • 1922 – Heinz Baas, German footballer and manager (d. 1994)
    • 1922 – John Braine, English librarian and author (d. 1986)
    • 1922 – Julius Nyerere, Tanzanian politician and teacher, 1st President of Tanzania (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Valve Pormeister, Estonian architect (d. 2002)
    • 1923 – Don Adams, American actor and director (d. 2005)
    • 1923 – A. H. Halsey, English sociologist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Stanley Tanger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Tanger Factory Outlet Centers (d. 2010)
    • 1924 – John T. Biggers, American painter (d. 2001)
    • 1924 – Jack T. Chick, American author, illustrator, and publisher (d. 2016)
    • 1924 – Stanley Donen, American film director and choreographer (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Ellie Lambeti, Greek actress (d. 1983)
    • 1926 – John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough, English businessman (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Rosemary Haughton, English philosopher, theologian, and author
    • 1927 – Antonino Rocca, Italian-American wrestler (d. 1977)
    • 1927 – Maurice Ronet, French actor and director (d. 1983)
    • 1928 – Alan Clark, English historian and politician, Minister of State for Trade (d. 1999)
    • 1928 – Gianni Marzotto, Italian racing driver and businessman (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Marilynn Smith, American golfer (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Anita Cerquetti, Italian soprano (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Robert Enrico, French director and screenwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1931 – Dan Gurney, American race car driver and engineer (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Jon Stone, American composer, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1997)
    • 1932 – Orlando Letelier, Chilean-American economist and politician, Chilean Minister of National Defense (d. 1976)
    • 1933 – Ben Nighthorse Campbell, American soldier and politician
    • 1934 – John Muckler, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
    • 1936 – Pierre Rosenberg, French historian and academic
    • 1937 – Col Joye, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1937 – Edward Fox, English actor
    • 1937 – Lanford Wilson, American playwright, co-founded the Circle Repertory Company (d. 2011)
    • 1938 – Klaus Lehnertz, German pole vaulter
    • 1938 – John Weston, English poet and diplomat
    • 1939 – Seamus Heaney, Irish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Paul Sorvino, American actor and singer
    • 1940 – Mike Beuttler, Egyptian-English racing driver (d. 1988)
    • 1940 – Lester Chambers, American singer and musician
    • 1940 – J. M. G. Le Clézio, Breton French-Mauritian author and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1940 – Vladimir Cosma, French composer, conductor and violinist
    • 1940 – Jim McNab, Scottish footballer (d. 2006)
    • 1940 – Max Mosley, English racing driver and engineer, co-founded March Engineering, former president of the FIA
    • 1940 – Ruby Puryear Hearn, African-American biophysicist
    • 1941 – Michael Stuart Brown, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1941 – Jean-Marc Reiser, French author and illustrator (d. 1983)
    • 1942 – Bill Conti, American composer and conductor
    • 1943 – Alan Jones, Australian rugby coach, radio host, and educator
    • 1943 – Billy Kidd, American skier
    • 1943 – Tim Krabbé, Dutch journalist and author
    • 1943 – Philip Norman, English journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1944 – Franco Arese, Italian runner
    • 1944 – Charles Burnett, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1944 – Jack Casady, American bass guitarist
    • 1944 – Susan Davis, Russian-American social worker and politician
    • 1945 – Ed Caruthers, American high jumper
    • 1945 – Tony Dow, American actor
    • 1945 – Lowell George, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1979)
    • 1945 – Bob Kalsu, American football player and lieutenant (d. 1970)
    • 1945 – Judy Nunn, Australian actress and author
    • 1946 – Al Green, American singer-songwriter, producer, and pastor
    • 1947 – Rae Armantrout, American poet and academic
    • 1947 – Mike Chapman, Australian-English songwriter and producer
    • 1947 – Jean-Jacques Laffont, French economist and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1947 – Yves Landry, Canadian cyclist
    • 1948 – Nam Hae-il, South Korean admiral
    • 1948 – Drago Jančar, Slovenian author and playwright
    • 1948 – Mikhail Shufutinsky, Soviet and Russian singer, actor, TV presenter
    • 1949 – Len Cook, New Zealand-English mathematician and statistician
    • 1949 – Frank Doran, Scottish lawyer and politician (d. 2017)
    • 1949 – Christopher Hitchens, English-American essayist, literary critic, and journalist (d. 2011)
    • 1949 – Ricardo Zunino, Argentinian racing driver
    • 1950 – Ron Perlman, American actor
    • 1950 – Tommy Raudonikis, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1951 – Leszek Borysiewicz, Welsh immunologist and academic
    • 1951 – Peabo Bryson, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1951 – Peter Davison, English actor
    • 1951 – Joachim Streich, German footballer and manager
    • 1951 – Max Weinberg, American drummer
    • 1952 – Sam Bush, American mandolin player
    • 1952 – David Drew, English lawyer and politician
    • 1952 – Gabrielle Gourdeau, Canadian writer (d. 2006)
    • 1952 – Jonjo O’Neill, Irish jockey and trainer
    • 1953 – Stephen Byers, English politician
    • 1953 – Dany Laferrière, Haitian-Canadian journalist and author
    • 1954 – Jimmy Destri, American keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1954 – Niels Olsen, Danish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1954 – Barbara Roche, English lawyer and politician
    • 1955 – Steve Camp, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1955 – Muwenda Mutebi II, current King of Buganda Kingdom
    • 1955 – Louis Johnson, American bass player and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1955 – Lupe Pintor, Mexican boxer
    • 1955 – Ole von Beust, German lawyer and politician, 1st Mayor of Hamburg
    • 1956 – Possum Bourne, New Zealand racing driver (d. 2003)
    • 1956 – Alan Devonshire, English footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Edward Forbes Smiley III, American art thief and map dealer
    • 1957 – Amy Goodman, American journalist and author
    • 1957 – Saundra Santiago, American actress
    • 1960 – Lyn Brown, English social worker and politician
    • 1960 – Bob Casey, Jr., American lawyer and politician, senior senator of Pennsylvania
    • 1960 – Olaf Ludwig, German cyclist and manager
    • 1960 – Rudi Völler, German footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Hiro Yamamoto, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1962 – Hillel Slovak, Israeli-American guitarist (d. 1988)
    • 1963 – Garry Kasparov, Russian chess player and author
    • 1964 – Davis Love III, American golfer and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Caroline Rhea, Canadian actress and comedian
    • 1964 – John Swinney, Scottish businessman and politician, Deputy First Minister of Scotland
    • 1965 – Patricio Pouchulu, Argentinian architect and educator
    • 1966 – Ali Boumnijel, Tunisian footballer
    • 1966 – Marc Ford, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1967 – Dana Barros, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1967 – Michael Eisen, American biologist and academic
    • 1967 – Olga Tañón, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter
    • 1968 – Ted Washington, American football player
    • 1969 – Dirk Muschiol, German footballer
    • 1970 – Monty Brown, American football player and wrestler
    • 1970 – Gerry Creaney, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Nick Garrett, English singer
    • 1970 – Szilveszter Csollány, Hungarian gymnast
    • 1970 – Ricardo Rincón, Mexican-American baseball player
    • 1970 – Ricky Schroder, American actor
    • 1971 – Franck Esposito, French swimmer
    • 1971 – Danie Mellor, Australian painter and sculptor
    • 1971 – Bo Outlaw, American basketball player
    • 1971 – Valensia, Dutch singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1972 – Mariusz Czerkawski, Polish ice hockey player and golfer
    • 1972 – Aaron Lewis, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Valentina Cervi, Italian actress
    • 1974 – Sergei Gonchar, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1974 – Darren Turner, English racing driver
    • 1974 – David Zdrilic, Australian footballer and manager
    • 1975 – Jasey-Jay Anderson, Canadian snowboarder
    • 1975 – Lou Bega, German singer-songwriter
    • 1975 – Bruce Dyer, English footballer
    • 1975 – Tatiana Navka, Russian ice dancer
    • 1976 – Jonathan Brandis, American actor (d. 2003)
    • 1976 – Patrik Eliáš, Czech-American ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Glenn Howerton, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1977 – Margus Tsahkna, Estonian lawyer and politician
    • 1978 – Arron Asham, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Carles Puyol, Spanish footballer
    • 1978 – Raemon Sluiter, Dutch tennis player
    • 1978 – Keydrick Vincent, American football player
    • 1979 – Gréta Arn, Hungarian tennis player
    • 1979 – Baron Davis, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Tony Lundon, Irish singer-songwriter, producer, and dancer
    • 1979 – Meghann Shaughnessy, American tennis player
    • 1980 – Colleen Clinkenbeard, American voice actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Jason Maguire, Irish jockey
    • 1980 – Alan Melikdjanian, American independent filmmaker and YouTuber
    • 1980 – Quentin Richardson, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Nat Borchers, American soccer player
    • 1981 – Gemma Doyle, Scottish politician
    • 1982 – Nellie McKay, British-American singer-songwriter, musician, and actress
    • 1983 – Claudio Bravo, Chilean footballer
    • 1983 – Schalk Burger, South African rugby player
    • 1983 – Nicole Cooke, Welsh cyclist
    • 1983 – Hunter Pence, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Jarmo Ahjupera, Estonian footballer
    • 1984 – Anders Lindegaard, Danish footballer
    • 1985 – Anna Jennings-Edquist, Australian actress, director, and playwright
    • 1985 – Algo Kärp, Estonian skier
    • 1985 – Cody Nickson, American reality television personality
    • 1986 – Michael Bingham, American-English sprinter
    • 1986 – Lorenzo Cain, American baseball player
    • 1987 – Brandon Hardesty, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1987 – Massimiliano Pesenti, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Allison Weiss, American singer-songwriter
    • 1988 – Anderson, Brazilian footballer
    • 1988 – Petteri Koponen, Finnish basketball player
    • 1988 – Allison Williams, American actress and singer
    • 1989 – Ryan Bailey, American sprinter
    • 1989 – Dong Dong, Chinese trampolinist
    • 1989 – Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova, Belarusian long jumper
    • 1989 – Josh Reynolds, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Vladislav Yegin, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Anastasija Sevastova, a professional tennis player from Latvia
    • 1991 – Akeem Adams, Trinidadian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1991 – Ulises Dávila, Mexican footballer
    • 1991 – Josh Gordon, American football player
    • 1992 – Denis Kudryavtsev, Russian hurdler
    • 1992 – Jordan Silk, Australian cricketer
    • 1993 – Tony Wroten, American basketball player
    • 1994 – Ángelo Henríquez, Chilean footballer
    • 1994 – Elvis Merzļikins, Latvian ice hockey player
    • 1997 – Kyle Walker-Peters, English footballer

    Deaths on April 13

    • 548 – Lý Nam Đế, Vietnamese emperor (b. 503)
    • 585 – Hermenegild, Visigothic prince and saint
    • 799 – Paul the Deacon, Italian monk and historian (b. 720)
    • 814 – Krum, khan of the Bulgarian Khanate
    • 862 – Donald I, king of the Picts (b. 812)
    • 989 – Bardas Phokas, Byzantine general
    • 1035 – Herbert I, Count of Maine
    • 1093 – Vsevolod I of Kiev (b. 1030)
    • 1113 – Ida of Lorraine, saint and noblewoman (b. c. 1040)
    • 1138 – Simon I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1076)
    • 1213 – Guy of Thouars, regent of Brittany
    • 1275 – Eleanor of England (b. 1215)
    • 1367 – John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (b. 1313)
    • 1592 – Bartolomeo Ammannati, Italian architect and sculptor (b. 1511)
    • 1605 – Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (b. 1551)
    • 1612 – Sasaki Kojirō, Japanese samurai (b. 1585)
    • 1635 – Fakhr-al-Din II, Ottoman prince (b. 1572)
    • 1638 – Henri, Duke of Rohan (b. 1579)
    • 1641 – Richard Montagu, English bishop (b. 1577)
    • 1695 – Jean de La Fontaine, French author and poet (b. 1621)
    • 1716 – Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington, English admiral and politician (b. 1648)
    • 1722 – Charles Leslie, Irish priest and theologian (b. 1650)
    • 1793 – Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, French botanist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1763)
    • 1794 – Nicolas Chamfort, French playwright and poet (b. 1741)
    • 1826 – Franz Danzi, German cellist, composer, and conductor (b. 1763)
    • 1853 – Leopold Gmelin, German chemist and academic (b. 1788)
    • 1853 – James Iredell, Jr., American lawyer and politician, 23rd Governor of North Carolina (b. 1788)
    • 1855 – Henry De la Beche, English geologist and palaeontologist (b. 1796)
    • 1868 – Tewodros II of Ethiopia (b. 1818)
    • 1880 – Robert Fortune, Scottish botanist and author (b. 1813)
    • 1882 – Bruno Bauer, German historian and philosopher (b. 1809)
    • 1886 – John Humphrey Noyes, American religious leader, founded the Oneida Community (b. 1811)
    • 1890 – Samuel J. Randall, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 33rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1828)
    • 1899 – James Service, Scottish-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Victoria (b. 1823)
    • 1909 – Whitley Stokes, Anglo-Irish lawyer and scholar (b. 1830)
    • 1910 – William Quiller Orchardson, Scottish-English painter and educator (b. 1835)
    • 1911 – John McLane, Scottish-American politician, 50th Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1852)
    • 1911 – George Washington Glick, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of Kansas (b. 1827)
    • 1912 – Takuboku Ishikawa, Japanese poet and author (b. 1886)
    • 1917 – Diamond Jim Brady, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1856)
    • 1918 – Lavr Kornilov, Russian general (b. 1870)
    • 1927 – Georg Voigt, German politician, Mayor of Frankfurt (b. 1866)
    • 1936 – Konstantinos Demertzis, Greek politician 129th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1876)
    • 1938 – Grey Owl, English-Canadian environmentalist and author (b. 1888)
    • 1941 – Annie Jump Cannon, American astronomer and academic (b. 1863)
    • 1941 – William Twaits, Canadian soccer player (b. 1879)
    • 1942 – Henk Sneevliet, Dutch politician (b. 1883)
    • 1942 – Anton Uesson, Estonian engineer and politician, 17th Mayor of Tallinn (b. 1879)
    • 1944 – Cécile Chaminade, French pianist and composer (b. 1857)
    • 1945 – Ernst Cassirer, Polish-American philosopher and academic (b. 1874)
    • 1954 – Samuel Jones, American high jumper (b. 1880)
    • 1954 – Angus Lewis Macdonald, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Premier of Nova Scotia (b. 1890)
    • 1956 – Emil Nolde, Danish-German painter and educator (b. 1867)
    • 1959 – Eduard van Beinum, Dutch pianist, violinist, and conductor (b. 1901)
    • 1961 – John A. Bennett, American soldier (b. 1935)
    • 1962 – Culbert Olson, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of California (b. 1876)
    • 1966 – Abdul Salam Arif, Iraqi colonel and politician, 2nd President of Iraq (b. 1921)
    • 1966 – Carlo Carrà, Italian painter (b. 1881)
    • 1966 – Georges Duhamel, French soldier and author (b. 1884)
    • 1967 – Nicole Berger, French actress (b. 1934)
    • 1969 – Alfred Karindi, Estonian pianist and composer (b. 1901)
    • 1971 – Michel Brière, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
    • 1971 – Juhan Smuul, Estonian author, poet, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 1975 – Larry Parks, American actor and singer (b. 1914)
    • 1975 – François Tombalbaye, Chadian soldier, academic, and politician, 1st President of Chad (b. 1918)
    • 1978 – Jack Chambers, Canadian painter and director (b. 1931)
    • 1978 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian educator and women’s rights activist (b. 1900)
    • 1980 – Markus Höttinger, Austrian racing driver (b. 1956)
    • 1983 – Gerry Hitchens, English footballer (b. 1934)
    • 1983 – Theodore Stephanides, Greek physician, author, and poet (b. 1896)
    • 1984 – Ralph Kirkpatrick, American harp player and musicologist (b. 1911)
    • 1988 – Jean Gascon, Canadian actor and director (b. 1920)
    • 1992 – Maurice Sauvé, Canadian economist and politician (b. 1923)
    • 1992 – Feza Gürsey, Turkish mathematician and physicist (b. 1921)
    • 1992 – Daniel Pollock, Australian actor (b. 1968)
    • 1993 – Wallace Stegner, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1909)
    • 1996 – Leila Mackinlay, English author and educator (b. 1910)
    • 1997 – Bryant Bowles, American soldier and activist, founded the National Association for the Advancement of White People (b. 1920)
    • 1997 – Alan Cooley, Australian public servant (b. 1920)
    • 1997 – Dorothy Frooks, American author and actress (b. 1896)
    • 1997 – Voldemar Väli, Estonian wrestler (b. 1903)
    • 1998 – Patrick de Gayardon, French skydiver and base jumper (b. 1960)
    • 1999 – Ortvin Sarapu, Estonian-New Zealand chess player and author (b. 1924)
    • 1999 – Willi Stoph, German engineer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of East Germany (b. 1914)
    • 2000 – Giorgio Bassani, Italian author and poet (b. 1916)
    • 2000 – Frenchy Bordagaray, American baseball player and manager (b. 1910)
    • 2004 – Caron Keating, Northern Irish television host (b. 1962)
    • 2005 – Don Blasingame, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1932)
    • 2005 – Johnnie Johnson, American pianist and songwriter (b. 1924)
    • 2005 – Phillip Pavia, American painter and sculptor (b. 1912)
    • 2005 – Philippe Volter, Belgian actor and director (b. 1959)
    • 2006 – Bill Baker, American baseball player, coach, and umpire (b. 1911)
    • 2006 – Muriel Spark, Scottish novelist, poet, and critic (b. 1918)
    • 2008 – John Archibald Wheeler, American physicist and academic (b. 1911)
    • 2009 – Mark Fidrych, American baseball player (b. 1954)
    • 2009 – Bruce Snyder, American football player and coach (b. 1940)
    • 2009 – George Feigley, American sex cult leader, convicted rapist and two-time prison escapee (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – William B. Buffum, American soldier and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Lebanon (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Cecil Chaudhry, Pakistani pilot, academic, and activist (b. 1941)
    • 2012 – Shūichi Higurashi, Japanese illustrator (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – David S. Smith, American diplomat, United States Ambassador to Sweden (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Robert Wigmore, Cook Islander politician, 14th Deputy Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (b. 1949)
    • 2013 – Chi Cheng, American bass player (b. 1970)
    • 2013 – Stephen Dodgson, English composer and educator (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Dean Drummond, American composer and conductor (b. 1949)
    • 2013 – Vincent Montana, Jr., American drummer and composer (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Lin Yang-kang, Taiwanese politician, 29th Vice Premier of the Republic of China (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Fred Enke, American football player (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Ernesto Laclau, Argentinian-Spanish philosopher and theorist (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Michael Ruppert, American journalist and author (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Rafał Sznajder, Polish fencer (b. 1972)
    • 2015 – Gerald Calabrese, American basketball player and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2015 – Ronnie Carroll, Irish singer and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Thelma Coyne Long, Australian tennis player and captain (b. 1918)
    • 2015 – Eduardo Galeano, Uruguayan journalist and author (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Günter Grass, German novelist, poet, playwright, and illustrator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Herb Trimpe, American author and illustrator (b. 1939)
    • 2016 – Nera White, American basketball player (b. 1935)
    • 2017 – Dan Rooney, American football executive and former United States Ambassador to Ireland (b. 1932)
    • 2018 – Art Bell, American broadcaster and author (b. 1945)
    • 2019 – Neus Català, Anti-fascist activist (b. 1915)
    • 2019 – Yvette Williams, New Zealand athlete (b. 1929)

    Holidays and observances on April 13

    • Christian feast day:
      • Hermenegild
      • Blessed Ida of Louvain
      • Pope Martin I
      • April 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Jefferson’s Birthday (United States)
    • Katyn Memorial Day (Poland)
    • South and Southeast Asian New Year. (see April 14)
    • Teacher’s Day (Ecuador)
    • Unfairly Prosecuted Persons Day (Slovakia)

  • April 10 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople.
    • 837 – Halley’s Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles).
    • 1407 – Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama visits the Ming dynasty capital at Nanjing. He is awarded the title “Great Treasure Prince of Dharma”.
    • 1500 – Ludovico Sforza is captured by Swiss troops at Novara and is handed over to the French.
    • 1606 – The Virginia Company of London is established by royal charter by James I of England with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America.
    • 1710 – The Statute of Anne, the first law regulating copyright, comes into force in Great Britain.
    • 1741 – War of the Austrian Succession: Prussia gains control of Silesia at the Battle of Mollwitz.
    • 1809 – Napoleonic Wars: The War of the Fifth Coalition begins when forces of the Austrian Empire invade Bavaria.
    • 1815 – The Mount Tambora volcano begins a three-month-long eruption, lasting until July 15. The eruption ultimately kills 71,000 people and affects Earth’s climate for the next two years.
    • 1816 – The Federal government of the United States approves the creation of the Second Bank of the United States.
    • 1821 – Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged by the Ottoman government from the main gate of the Patriarchate and his body is thrown into the Bosphorus.
    • 1826 – The 10,500 inhabitants of the Greek town of Missolonghi begin leaving the town after a year’s siege by Turkish forces. Very few of them survive.
    • 1858 – After the original Big Ben, a 14.5 tonnes (32,000 lb) bell for the Palace of Westminster, had cracked during testing, it is recast into the current 13.76 tonnes (30,300 lb) bell by Whitechapel Bell Foundry.
    • 1864 – Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg is proclaimed emperor of Mexico during the French intervention in Mexico.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: A day after his surrender to Union forces, Confederate General Robert E. Lee addresses his troops for the last time.
    • 1866 – The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh.
    • 1868 – At Arogee in Abyssinia, British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Tewodros II. While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two British/Indian troops die.
    • 1872 – The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.
    • 1875 – India: Arya Samaj is founded in Mumbai by Swami Dayananda Saraswati to propagate his goal of social reform.
    • 1887 – On Easter Sunday, Pope Leo XIII authorizes the establishment of the Catholic University of America.
    • 1912 – RMS Titanic sets sail from Southampton, England on her maiden and only voyage.
    • 1916 – The Professional Golfers’ Association of America (PGA) is created in New York City.
    • 1919 – Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by government forces in Morelos.
    • 1925 – The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is first published in New York City, by Charles Scribner’s Sons.
    • 1938 – The 1938 German parliamentary election and referendum seeks approval for a single list of Nazi candidates and the recent annexation of Austria.
    • 1939 – Alcoholics Anonymous, A.A.’s “Big Book”, is first published.
    • 1941 – World War II: The Axis powers establish the Independent State of Croatia.
    • 1944 – Rudolf Vrba and Alfréd Wetzler escape from Birkenau death camp.
    • 1957 – The Suez Canal is reopened for all shipping after being closed for three months.
    • 1963 – One hundred twenty-nine American sailors die when the submarine USS Thresher sinks at sea.
    • 1968 – The TEV Wahine, a New Zealand ferry sinks in Wellington harbour due to a fierce storm – the strongest winds ever in Wellington. Out of the 734 people on board, fifty-three died.
    • 1970 – Paul McCartney announces that he is leaving The Beatles for personal and professional reasons.
    • 1971 – Ping-pong diplomacy: In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, China hosts the U.S. table tennis team for a week-long visit.
    • 1972 – Tombs containing bamboo slips, among them Sun Tzu’s Art of War and Sun Bin’s lost military treatise, are accidentally discovered by construction workers in Shandong.
    • 1972 – Vietnam War: For the first time since November 1967, American B-52 bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam.
    • 1973 – Invicta International Airlines Flight 435 crashes in a snowstorm on approach to Basel, Switzerland, killing 108 people.
    • 1979 – Red River Valley tornado outbreak: A tornado lands in Wichita Falls, Texas killing 42 people.
    • 1988 – The Ojhri Camp explosion kills or injures more than 1,000 people in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan.
    • 1991 – Italian ferry MS Moby Prince collides with an oil tanker in dense fog off Livorno, Italy, killing 140.
    • 1991 – A rare tropical storm develops in the South Atlantic Ocean near Angola; the first to be documented by satellites.
    • 1998 – The Good Friday Agreement is signed in Northern Ireland.
    • 2009 – President of Fiji Ratu Josefa Iloilo announces the abrogation of the constitution and assumes all governance in the country, creating a constitutional crisis.
    • 2010 – Polish Air Force Tu-154M crashes near Smolensk, Russia, killing 96 people, including Polish President Lech Kaczyński, his wife, and dozens of other senior officials and dignitaries.
    • 2016 – The Paravur temple accident in which a devastating fire caused by the explosion of firecrackers stored for Vishu, kills more than one hundred people out of the thousands gathered for seventh day of Bhadrakali worship.
    • 2016 – An earthquake of 6.6 magnitude strikes 39 km west-southwest of Ashkasham, shakes up India, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Srinagar and Pakistan.
    • 2019 – Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope project announce the first ever image of a black hole, located in the centre of the M87 galaxy.

    Births on April 10

    • 401 – Theodosius II, Roman emperor (d. 450)
    • 1018 – Nizam al-Mulk, Persian scholar and vizier (d. 1092)
    • 1472 – Margaret of York, English princess (d. 1472)
    • 1480 – Philibert II, duke of Savoy (d. 1504)
    • 1487 – William I, count of Nassau-Dillenburg (d. 1559)
    • 1512 – James V, king of Scotland (d. 1542)
    • 1579 – Augustus II, duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1666)
    • 1583 – Hugo Grotius, Dutch philosopher and jurist (d. 1645)
    • 1603 – Christian, Prince-Elect of Denmark (d. 1647)
    • 1651 – Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician, physicist, and physician (d. 1708)
    • 1656 – René Lepage de Sainte-Claire, French-Canadian settler, founded Rimouski (d. 1718)
    • 1704 – Benjamin Heath, English scholar and author (d. 1766)
    • 1707 – Michel Corrette, French organist, composer, and author (d. 1795)
    • 1713 – John Whitehurst, English geologist and clockmaker (d. 1788)
    • 1755 – Samuel Hahnemann, German-French physician and academic (d. 1843)
    • 1762 – Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist and academic (d. 1834)
    • 1769 – Jean Lannes, French marshal (d. 1809)
    • 1778 – William Hazlitt, English essayist and critic (d. 1830)
    • 1794 – Matthew C. Perry, English-Scottish American commander (d. 1858)
    • 1806 – Juliette Drouet, French actress (d. 1883)
    • 1806 – Leonidas Polk, Scottish-American general and bishop (d. 1884)
    • 1827 – Lew Wallace, American general, lawyer, and politician, 11th Governor of New Mexico Territory (d. 1905)
    • 1829 – William Booth, English minister, founded The Salvation Army (d. 1912)
    • 1847 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-American journalist, publisher, and politician, founded Pulitzer, Inc. (d. 1911)
    • 1864 – Eugen d’Albert, Scottish-German pianist and composer (d. 1932)
    • 1865 – Jack Miner, American-Canadian farmer, hunter, and environmentalist (d. 1944)
    • 1867 – George William Russell, Irish author, poet, and painter (d. 1935)
    • 1868 – George Arliss, English actor and playwright (d. 1946)
    • 1868 – Asriel Günzig, Moravian rabbi (d. 1931)
    • 1873 – Kyösti Kallio, Finnish farmer, banker, and politician, 4th President of Finland (d. 1940)
    • 1875 – George Clawley, English footballer (d. 1920)
    • 1877 – Alfred Kubin, Austrian author and illustrator (d. 1959)
    • 1879 – Bernhard Gregory, Estonian-German chess player (d. 1939)
    • 1879 – Coenraad Hiebendaal, Dutch rower and physician (d. 1921)
    • 1880 – Frances Perkins, American sociologist, academic, and politician, 4th United States Secretary of Labor (d. 1965)
    • 1880 – Montague Summers, English clergyman and author (d. 1948)
    • 1886 – Johnny Hayes, American runner and trainer (d. 1965)
    • 1887 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentinian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
    • 1889 – Louis Rougier, French philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1982)
    • 1891 – Frank Barson, English footballer and coach (d. 1968)
    • 1893 – Otto Steinböck, Austrian zoologist (d. 1969)
    • 1894 – Ben Nicholson, British painter (d. 1982)
    • 1897 – Prafulla Chandra Sen, Indian accountant and politician, 3rd Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 1990)
    • 1900 – Arnold Orville Beckman, American chemist, inventor, and philanthropist (d. 2004)
    • 1901 – Dhananjay Ramchandra Gadgil, Indian economist (d. 1971)
    • 1903 – Clare Turlay Newberry, American author and illustrator (d. 1970)
    • 1906 – Steve Anderson, American hurdler (d. 1988)
    • 1910 – Margaret Clapp, American scholar and academic (d. 1974)
    • 1910 – Helenio Herrera, Argentinian footballer and manager (d. 1997)
    • 1910 – Paul Sweezy, American economist and publisher, founded the Monthly Review (d. 2004)
    • 1911 – Martin Denny, American pianist and composer (d. 2005)
    • 1911 – Maurice Schumann, French journalist and politician, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs for France (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – Boris Kidrič, Austrian-Slovenian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Slovenia (d. 1953)
    • 1913 – Stefan Heym, German-American soldier and author (d. 2001)
    • 1914 – Jack Badcock, Australian cricketer (d. 1982)
    • 1915 – Harry Morgan, American actor and director (d. 2011)
    • 1915 – Leo Vroman, Dutch-American hematologist, poet, and illustrator (d. 2014)
    • 1916 – Lee Jung-seob, Korean painter (d. 1956)
    • 1917 – Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri, Indian politician (d. 2013)
    • 1917 – Robert Burns Woodward, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
    • 1919 – John Houbolt, American engineer and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Chuck Connors, American baseball player and actor (d. 1992)
    • 1921 – Jake Warren, Canadian soldier and diplomat, Canadian Ambassador to the United States (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Sheb Wooley, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2003)
    • 1923 – Roger Gaillard, Haitian historian and author (d. 2000)
    • 1923 – Jane Kean, American actress and singer (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Floyd Simmons, American decathlete and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1923 – Sid Tickridge, English footballer (d. 1997)
    • 1923 – John Watkins, South African cricketer
    • 1924 – Kenneth Noland, American soldier and painter (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Linda Goodman, American astrologer and author (d. 1995)
    • 1925 – Angelo Poffo, American wrestler and promoter (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Jacques Castérède, French pianist and composer (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Junior Samples, American comedian (d. 1983)
    • 1927 – Norma Candal, Puerto Rican-American actress (d. 2006)
    • 1927 – Marshall Warren Nirenberg, American biochemist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2010)
    • 1929 – Mike Hawthorn, English race car driver (d. 1959)
    • 1929 – Liz Sheridan, American actress
    • 1929 – Max von Sydow, Swedish-French actor (d. 2020)
    • 1930 – Claude Bolling, French pianist, composer, and actor
    • 1930 – Dolores Huerta, American activist, co-founded the United Farm Workers
    • 1931 – Kishori Amonkar, Indian classical vocalist (d. 2017)
    • 1932 – Delphine Seyrig, Swiss/Alsatian French actress (d. 1990)
    • 1932 – Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1933 – Rokusuke Ei, Japanese composer and author (d. 2016)
    • 1933 – Helen McElhone, Scottish politician (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – David Halberstam, American journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1935 – John A. Bennett, American soldier (d. 1961)
    • 1935 – Patrick Garland, English actor and director (d. 2013)
    • 1935 – Peter Hollingworth, Australian bishop, 23rd Governor General of Australia
    • 1936 – John Howell, English long jumper
    • 1936 – John Madden, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1936 – Bobby Smith, American singer (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Bella Akhmadulina, Soviet and Russian poet, short story writer, and translator (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Don Meredith, American football player and sportscaster (d. 2010)
    • 1939 – Claudio Magris, Italian scholar, author, and translator
    • 1940 – Gloria Hunniford, British radio and television host
    • 1941 – Harold Long, Canadian politician (d. 2013)
    • 1941 – Paul Theroux, American novelist, short story writer, and travel writer
    • 1942 – Nick Auf der Maur, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1998)
    • 1942 – Ian Callaghan, English footballer
    • 1942 – Stuart Dybek, American novelist, short story writer, and poet
    • 1943 – Andrzej Badeński, Polish-German sprinter (d. 2008)
    • 1943 – Margaret Pemberton, English author
    • 1945 – Kevin Berry, Australian swimmer (d. 2006)
    • 1946 – David Angell, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2001)
    • 1946 – Bob Watson, American baseball player and manager
    • 1946 – Adolf Winkelmann, German director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – David A. Adler, American author and educator
    • 1947 – Bunny Wailer, Jamaican singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1948 – Mel Blount, American football player
    • 1949 – Daniel Mangeas, French banker and sportscaster
    • 1949 – Eric Troyer, American singer-songwriter, keyboardist and guitarist
    • 1950 – Ken Griffey, Sr., American baseball player and manager
    • 1950 – Eddie Hazel, American guitarist (d. 1992)
    • 1951 – David Helvarg, American journalist and activist
    • 1952 – Narayan Rane, Indian politician, 16th Chief Minister of Maharashtra
    • 1952 – Masashi Sada, Japanese singer, lyricist, composer, novelist, actor, and producer
    • 1952 – Steven Seagal, American actor, producer, and martial artist
    • 1953 – David Moorcroft, English runner and businessman
    • 1953 – Pamela Wallin, Swedish-Canadian journalist, academic, and politician
    • 1954 – Paul Bearer, American wrestler and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1954 – Anne Lamott, American author and educator
    • 1954 – Peter MacNicol, American actor
    • 1954 – Juan Williams, Panamanian-American journalist and author
    • 1955 – Lesley Garrett, English soprano and actress
    • 1956 – Carol V. Robinson, English chemist and academic
    • 1957 – Aliko Dangote, Nigerian businessman, founded Dangote Group
    • 1957 – John M. Ford, American author and poet (d. 2006)
    • 1957 – Steve Gustafson, Spanish-American bass player
    • 1957 – Rosemary Hill, English historian and author
    • 1958 – Bob Bell, Northern Irish engineer
    • 1958 – Yefim Bronfman, Uzbek-American pianist
    • 1958 – Brigitte Holzapfel, German high jumper
    • 1959 – Babyface, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1959 – Yvan Loubier, Canadian economist and politician
    • 1959 – Brian Setzer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1960 – Steve Bisciotti, American businessman, co-founded Allegis Group
    • 1960 – Katrina Leskanich, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1960 – Terry Teagle, American basketball player
    • 1961 – Nicky Campbell, Scottish broadcaster and journalist
    • 1961 – Joe Cole, American roadie and author (d. 1991)
    • 1961 – Carole Goble, English computer scientist and academic
    • 1961 – Mark Jones, American basketball player
    • 1962 – Steve Tasker, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Warren DeMartini, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1963 – Jeff Gray, American baseball player and coach
    • 1963 – Doris Leuthard, Swiss lawyer and politician, 162nd President of the Swiss Confederation
    • 1965 – Tim Alexander, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1966 – Steve Claridge, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
    • 1967 – Donald Dufresne, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1967 – David Rovics, American singer-songwriter
    • 1968 – Metin Göktepe, Turkish photographer and journalist (d. 1996)
    • 1968 – Orlando Jones, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1969 – Steve Glasson, Australian lawn bowler
    • 1969 – Ekaterini Koffa, Greek sprinter
    • 1970 – Enrico Ciccone, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1970 – Leonard Doroftei, Romanian-Canadian boxer
    • 1970 – Kenny Lattimore, American singer-songwriter
    • 1970 – Q-Tip, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1971 – Brad William Henke, American football player and actor
    • 1971 – Indro Olumets, Estonian footballer and coach
    • 1971 – Al Reyes, Dominican-American baseball player
    • 1972 – Ian Harvey, Australian cricketer
    • 1972 – Priit Kasesalu, Estonian computer programmer, co-created Skype
    • 1972 – Gordon Buchanan, Scottish film maker
    • 1973 – Guillaume Canet, French actor and director
    • 1973 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian footballer and manager
    • 1973 – Aidan Moffat, Scottish singer-songwriter
    • 1973 – Christopher Simmons, Canadian-American graphic designer, author, and academic
    • 1974 – Eric Greitens, American soldier, author and politician
    • 1974 – Petros Passalis, Greek footballer
    • 1975 – Chris Carrabba, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Terrence Lewis, Indian dancer and choreographer
    • 1975 – David Harbour, American actor
    • 1976 – Clare Buckfield, English actress
    • 1976 – Yoshino Kimura, Japanese actress and singer
    • 1976 – Sara Renner, Canadian skier
    • 1977 – Stephanie Sheh, Taiwanese-American voice actress, director, and producer
    • 1978 – Sir Christus, Finnish guitarist
    • 1979 – Iván Alonso, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1979 – Kenyon Coleman, American football player
    • 1979 – Rachel Corrie, American author and activist (d. 2003)
    • 1979 – Tsuyoshi Domoto, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1979 – Sophie Ellis-Bextor, English singer-songwriter
    • 1979 – Peter Kopteff, Finnish footballer
    • 1980 – Sean Avery, Canadian ice hockey player and model
    • 1980 – Charlie Hunnam, English actor
    • 1980 – Shao Jiayi, Chinese footballer
    • 1980 – Kasey Kahne, American race car driver
    • 1980 – Bryce Soderberg, American singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1981 – Laura Bell Bundy, American actress and singer
    • 1981 – Liz McClarnon, English singer and dancer
    • 1981 – Michael Pitt, American actor, model and musician
    • 1981 – Alexei Semenov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Andre Ethier, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Chyler Leigh, American actress and singer
    • 1983 – Jamie Chung, American actress
    • 1983 – Andrew Dost, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1983 – Ryan Merriman, American actor
    • 1983 – Hannes Sigurðsson, Icelandic footballer
    • 1984 – Faustina Agolley, Australian television host
    • 1984 – Jeremy Barrett, American figure skater
    • 1984 – Mandy Moore, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1984 – David Obua, Ugandan footballer
    • 1984 – Damien Perquis, French-Polish footballer
    • 1984 – Gonzalo Javier Rodríguez, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Barkhad Abdi, Somali-American actor and director
    • 1985 – Willo Flood, Irish footballer
    • 1985 – Jesús Gámez, Spanish footballer
    • 1985 – Dion Phaneuf, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Olivia Borlée, Belgian sprinter
    • 1986 – Fernando Gago, Argentine footballer
    • 1986 – Corey Kluber, American baseball pitcher
    • 1986 – Vincent Kompany, Belgian footballer
    • 1986 – Tore Reginiussen, Norwegian footballer
    • 1987 – Shay Mitchell, Canadian actress and model
    • 1987 – Hayley Westenra, New Zealand soprano
    • 1988 – Chris Heston, American baseball pitcher
    • 1988 – Kareem Jackson, American football player
    • 1988 – Haley Joel Osment, American actor
    • 1990 – Ben Amos, English footballer
    • 1990 – Andile Jali, South African footballer
    • 1990 – Ricky Leutele, Australian-Samoan rugby league player
    • 1990 – Maren Morris, American singer
    • 1990 – Alex Pettyfer, English actor
    • 1991 – AJ Michalka, American actress and singer
    • 1992 – Jack Buchanan, Australian rugby league player
    • 1992 – Sadio Mané, Senegalese footballer
    • 1992 – Daisy Ridley, English actress
    • 1993 – Sofia Carson, American singer and actress
    • 1994 – Siobhan Hunter, Scottish footballer
    • 1995 – Ian Nelson, American actor
    • 1996 – Thanasi Kokkinakis, Australian tennis player
    • 1996 – Audrey Whitby, American actress
    • 1998 – Anna Pogorilaya, Russian figure skater
    • 2001 – Ky Baldwin, Australian singer and actor
    • 2001 – Noa Kirel, Israeli singer

    Deaths on April 10

    • 879 – Louis the Stammerer, king of West Francia (b. 846)
    • 943 – Landulf I, prince of Benevento and Capua
    • 948 – Hugh of Arles, king of Italy
    • 1008 – Notker of Liège, French bishop (b. 940)
    • 1216 – Eric X, king of Sweden (b. 1180)
    • 1282 – Ahmad Fanakati, chief minister under Kublai Khan
    • 1309 – Elisabeth von Rapperswil, Swiss countess (b. 1261)
    • 1362 – Maud, English noblewoman (b. 1339)
    • 1500 – Michael Tarchaniota Marullus, Greek scholar and poet
    • 1533 – Frederick I, king of Denmark and Norway (b. 1471)
    • 1545 – Costanzo Festa, Italian composer
    • 1585 – Gregory XIII, Pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1502)
    • 1598 – Jacopo Mazzoni, Italian philosopher (b. 1548)
    • 1599 – Gabrielle d’Estrées, French mistress of Henry IV of France (b. 1571)
    • 1601 – Mark Alexander Boyd, Scottish soldier and poet (b. 1562)
    • 1619 – Thomas Jones, English-Irish archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (b. 1550)
    • 1640 – Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer and theorist (b. 1578)
    • 1644 – William Brewster, English official and pilgrim leader (b. 1566)
    • 1646 – Santino Solari, Swiss architect and sculptor (b. 1576)
    • 1667 – Jan Marek Marci, Czech physician and author (b. 1595)
    • 1704 – William Egon of Fürstenberg, German cardinal (b. 1629)
    • 1756 – Giacomo Antonio Perti, Italian composer (b. 1661)
    • 1760 – Jean Lebeuf, French historian and author (b. 1687)
    • 1786 – John Byron, English admiral and politician, 24th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1723)
    • 1806 – Horatio Gates, English-American general (b. 1727)
    • 1813 – Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1736)
    • 1823 – Karl Leonhard Reinhold, Austrian philosopher and academic (b. 1757)
    • 1871 – Lucio Norberto Mansilla, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1789)
    • 1904 – Isabella II, Spanish queen (b. 1830)
    • 1909 – Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet, playwright, novelist, and critic (b. 1837)
    • 1919 – Emiliano Zapata, Mexican general (b. 1879)
    • 1920 – Moritz Cantor, German mathematician and historian (b. 1829)
    • 1931 – Kahlil Gibran, Lebanese-American poet, painter, and philosopher (b. 1883)
    • 1935 – Rosa Campbell Praed, Australian novelist (b. 1851)
    • 1938 – King Oliver, American cornet player and bandleader (b. 1885)
    • 1942 – Carl Schenstrøm, Danish actor and director (b. 1881)
    • 1943 – Andreas Faehlmann, Estonian-German sailor and engineer (b. 1898)
    • 1945 – Hendrik Nicolaas Werkman, Dutch printer and typographer (b. 1882)
    • 1947 – Charles Nordhoff, English-American lieutenant and author (b. 1887)
    • 1950 – Fevzi Çakmak, Turkish field marshal and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1876)
    • 1954 – Auguste Lumière, French director and producer (b. 1862)
    • 1954 – Oscar Mathisen, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1888)
    • 1955 – Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest, theologian, and philosopher (b. 1881)
    • 1958 – Chuck Willis, American singer-songwriter (b. 1928)
    • 1960 – André Berthomieu, French director and screenwriter (b. 1903)
    • 1962 – Michael Curtiz, Hungarian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1886)
    • 1962 – Stuart Sutcliffe, Scottish artist and musician (b. 1940)
    • 1965 – Lloyd Casner, American race car driver, founded Casner Motor Racing Division (b. 1928)
    • 1965 – Linda Darnell, American actress (b. 1923)
    • 1966 – Evelyn Waugh, English soldier, novelist, journalist and critic (b. 1903)
    • 1968 – Gustavs Celmiņš, Latvian lieutenant and politician (b. 1899)
    • 1969 – Harley Earl, American businessman (b. 1893)
    • 1975 – Walker Evans, American photographer (b. 1903)
    • 1975 – Marjorie Main, American actress (b. 1890)
    • 1978 – Hjalmar Mäe, Estonian politician (b. 1901)
    • 1979 – Nino Rota, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1911)
    • 1980 – Kay Medford, American actress and singer (b. 1919)
    • 1981 – Howard Thurman, American author, philosopher and civil rights activist (b. 1899)
    • 1983 – Issam Sartawi, Palestinian activist (b. 1935)
    • 1985 – Zisis Verros, Greek chieftain of the Macedonian Struggle (b. 1880)
    • 1986 – Linda Creed, American singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
    • 1991 – Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (b. 1955)
    • 1991 – Martin Hannett, English guitarist and producer (b. 1948)
    • 1991 – Natalie Schafer, American actress (b. 1900)
    • 1992 – Sam Kinison, American comedian and actor (b. 1953)
    • 1993 – Chris Hani, South African activist and politician (b. 1942)
    • 1994 – Sam B. Hall, Jr., American lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1924)
    • 1995 – Morarji Desai, Indian politician, 4th Prime Minister of India (b. 1896)
    • 1997 – Michael Dorris, American author and academic (b. 1945)
    • 1998 – Seraphim of Athens, Greek archbishop (b. 1913)
    • 1999 – Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, German-American biochemist and physician (b. 1910)
    • 1999 – Jean Vander Pyl, American actress and voice artist (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Peter Jones, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Larry Linville, American actor (b. 1939)
    • 2003 – Little Eva, American singer (b. 1943)
    • 2004 – Jacek Kaczmarski, Polish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and poet (b. 1957)
    • 2004 – Sakıp Sabancı, Turkish businessman and philanthropist, founded Sabancı Holding (b. 1933)
    • 2005 – Norbert Brainin, Austrian violinist (b. 1923)
    • 2005 – Scott Gottlieb, American drummer (b. 1970)
    • 2005 – Archbishop Iakovos of America (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Al Lucas, American football player (b. 1978)
    • 2005 – Wally Tax, Dutch singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
    • 2007 – Charles Philippe Leblond, French-Canadian biologist and academic (b. 1910)
    • 2007 – Dakota Staton, American singer (b. 1930)
    • 2009 – Deborah Digges, American poet and educator (b. 1950)
    • 2010 – Casualties in the 2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash included:
      • Ryszard Kaczorowski, Polish soldier and politician, 6th President of the Republic of Poland (b. 1919)
      • Maria Kaczyńska, Polish economist, First Lady of Poland (b. 1942)
      • Lech Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 4th President of Poland (b. 1949)
      • Anna Walentynowicz, Ukrainian-Polish journalist and activist (b. 1929)
    • 2010 – Dixie Carter, American actress and singer (b. 1939)
    • 2012 – Raymond Aubrac, French engineer and activist (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Barbara Buchholz, German theremin player and composer (b. 1959)
    • 2012 – Lili Chookasian, Armenian-American operatic singer (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Luis Aponte Martínez, Puerto Rican cardinal (b. 1922)
    • 2012 – Akin Omoboriowo, Nigerian lawyer and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Lorenzo Antonetti, Italian cardinal (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Raymond Boudon, French sociologist and academic (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Binod Bihari Chowdhury, Bangladeshi activist (b. 1911)
    • 2013 – Robert Edwards, English physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Olive Lewin, Jamaican anthropologist, musicologist, and author (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Gordon Thomas, English cyclist (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Angela Voigt, German long jumper (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Dominique Baudis, French journalist and politician (b. 1947)
    • 2014 – Jim Flaherty, Canadian lawyer and politician, 37th Canadian Minister of Finance (b. 1949)
    • 2014 – Richard Hoggart, English author and academic (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Sue Townsend, English author and playwright (b. 1946)
    • 2015 – Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Raúl Héctor Castro, Mexican-American politician and diplomat, 14th Governor of Arizona (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Judith Malina, German-American actress and director, co-founded The Living Theatre (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Rose Francine Rogombé, Gabonese lawyer and politician, President of Gabon (b. 1942)
    • 2015 – Peter Walsh, Australian farmer and politician, 6th Australian Minister for Finance (b. 1935)
    • 2016 – Howard Marks, Welsh cannabis smuggler, writer, and legalisation campaigner (b. 1945)

    Holidays and observances on April 10

    • Christian feast day:
      • Fulbert of Chartres
      • James, Azadanus and Abdicius
      • Mikael Agricola (Lutheran)
      • Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (Episcopal Church)
      • William of Ockham (Anglicanism)
      • William Law (Anglicanism)
      • April 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of the Builder (Azerbaijan)
    • Feast of the Third Day of the Writing of the Book of the Law (Thelema)
    • Siblings Day (International observance)
    • World Homeopathy Day

  • March 31 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    It is the last day of the first quarter of the year.

    March 31 in History

    • 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Maximian.
    • 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII is present, and joins the Crusade.
    • 1492 – Queen Isabella of Castile issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
    • 1561 – The city of San Cristóbal, Táchira is founded.
    • 1717 – A sermon on “The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ” by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, preached in the presence of King George I of Great Britain, provokes the Bangorian Controversy.
    • 1774 – American Revolutionary War: The Kingdom of Great Britain orders the port of Boston, Massachusetts closed pursuant to the Boston Port Act.
    • 1854 – Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Convention of Kanagawa with the Tokugawa Shogunate, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade.
    • 1885 – The United Kingdom establishes the Bechuanaland Protectorate.
    • 1889 – The Eiffel Tower is officially opened.
    • 1899 – Malolos, capital of the First Philippine Republic, is captured by American forces.
    • 1906 – The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for college sports in the United States.
    • 1909 – Serbia formally withdraws its opposition to Austro-Hungarian actions in the Bosnian Crisis.
    • 1913 – The Vienna Concert Society rioted during a performance of modernist music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Alexander von Zemlinsky, and Anton von Webern, causing a premature end to the concert due to violence; this concert became known as the Skandalkonzert.
    • 1917 – According to the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, the islands become American possessions.
    • 1918 – Massacre of ethnic Azerbaijanis is committed by allied armed groups of Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks. Nearly 12,000 Azerbaijani Muslims are killed.
    • 1918 – Daylight saving time goes into effect in the United States for the first time.
    • 1921 – The Royal Australian Air Force is formed.
    • 1930 – The Motion Picture Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film, in the U.S., for the next thirty-eight years.
    • 1931 – An earthquake in Nicaragua destroys Managua; killing 2,000.
    • 1931 – A Transcontinental & Western Air airliner crashes near Bazaar, Kansas, killing eight, including University of Notre Dame head football coach Knute Rockne.
    • 1933 – The Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission of relieving rampant unemployment in the United States.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Christmas Island, then a British possession.
    • 1945 – World War II: A defecting German pilot delivers a Messerschmitt Me 262A-1, the world’s first operational jet-powered fighter aircraft, to the Americans, the first to fall into Allied hands.
    • 1949 – The Dominion of Newfoundland joins the Canadian Confederation and becomes the 10th Province of Canada.
    • 1951 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.
    • 1957 – Elections to the Territorial Assembly of the French colony Upper Volta are held. After the elections PDU and MDV form a government.
    • 1958 – In the Canadian federal election, the Progressive Conservatives, led by John Diefenbaker, win the largest percentage of seats in Canadian history, with 208 seats of 265.
    • 1959 – The 14th Dalai Lama, crosses the border into India and is granted political asylum.
    • 1964 – Brazilian General Olímpio Mourão Filho orders his troops to move towards Rio de Janeiro, beginning the coup d’état.
    • 1966 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 10 which later becomes the first space probe to enter orbit around the Moon.
    • 1968 – American President Lyndon B. Johnson speaks to the nation of “Steps to Limit the War in Vietnam” in a television address. At the conclusion of his speech, he announces: “I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your President.”
    • 1970 – Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth’s atmosphere after 12 years in orbit.
    • 1980 – The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad operates its final train after being ordered to liquidate its assets because of bankruptcy and debts owed to creditors.
    • 1985 – The first WrestleMania, the biggest wrestling event from the WWE (then the WWF), takes place in Madison Square Garden in New York City.
    • 1990 – Approximately 200,000 protesters take to the streets of London to protest against the newly introduced Poll Tax.
    • 1991 – Georgian independence referendum: Nearly 99 percent of the voters support the country’s independence from the Soviet Union.
    • 1992 – The USS Missouri, the last active United States Navy battleship, is decommissioned in Long Beach, California.
    • 1992 – The Treaty of Federation is signed in Moscow.
    • 1995 – TAROM Flight 371, an Airbus A310-300, crashes near Balotesti, Romania, killing all 60 people on board.
    • 1995 – Selena is murdered by her fan club’s president Yolanda Saldívar at a Days Inn in Corpus Christi, Texas after accusations of Saldívar embezzling money from Selena’s fan club.
    • 1998 – Netscape releases Mozilla source code under an open source license.
    • 2004 – Iraq War in Anbar Province: In Fallujah, Iraq, four American private military contractors working for Blackwater USA, are killed after being ambushed.
    • 2018 – Start of the 2018 Armenian revolution.

    Births on March 31

    • 1360 – Philippa of Lancaster (d. 1415)
    • 1499 – Pope Pius IV (d. 1565)
    • 1504 – Guru Angad, Indian religious leader (d. 1552)
    • 1519 – Henry II of France (d. 1559)
    • 1536 – Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shōgun (d. 1565)
    • 1596 – René Descartes, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1650)
    • 1601 – Jakov Mikalja, Italian linguist and lexicographer (d. 1654)
    • 1621 – Andrew Marvell, English poet and politician (d. 1678)
    • 1651 – Charles II, Elector Palatine, German husband of Princess Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark (d. 1685)
    • 1675 – Pope Benedict XIV (d. 1758)
    • 1718 – Mariana Victoria of Spain (d. 1781)
    • 1723 – Frederick V of Denmark (d. 1766)
    • 1730 – Étienne Bézout, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1783)
    • 1732 – Joseph Haydn, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1809)
    • 1740 – Panoutsos Notaras, Greek politician (d. 1849)
    • 1747 – Johann Abraham Peter Schulz, German pianist and composer (d. 1800)
    • 1777 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist and engineer (d. 1859)
    • 1778 – Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist and ornithologist (d. 1858)
    • 1794 – Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan, American lawyer and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 1852)
    • 1809 – Edward FitzGerald, English poet and translator (d. 1883)
    • 1809 – Nikolai Gogol, Ukrainian-Russian short story writer, novelist, and playwright (d. 1852)
    • 1809 – Otto Lindblad, Swedish composer (d. 1864)
    • 1813 – Félix María Zuloaga, Mexican general and unconstitutional interim president (1858 and 1860–1862) (d. 1898)
    • 1819 – Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (d. 1901)
    • 1823 – Mary Boykin Chesnut, American author (d. 1886)
    • 1833 – Mary Abigail Dodge, American writer and essayist (d. 1896)
    • 1835 – John La Farge, American artist (d. 1910)
    • 1847 – Hermann de Pourtalès, Swiss sailor (d. 1904)
    • 1847 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1878)
    • 1851 – Francis Bell, Jewish New Zealand lawyer and politician, 20th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1936)
    • 1855 – Alfred E. Hunt, American businessman (d. 1899)
    • 1859 – Emil Fenyvessy, Hungarian actor and screenwriter (d. 1924)
    • 1865 – Anandi Gopal Joshi, Indian physician (d. 1887)
    • 1871 – Arthur Griffith, Irish journalist and politician, 3rd President of Dáil Éireann (d. 1922)
    • 1872 – Sergei Diaghilev, Russian ballet manager and critic, founded the Ballets Russes (d. 1929)
    • 1874 – Benjamín G. Hill, Mexican revolutionary general, governor of Sonora (d. 1920)
    • 1874 – Henri Marteau, French violinist and composer (d. 1934)
    • 1876 – Borisav Stanković, Serbian author (d. 1927)
    • 1878 – Jack Johnson, American boxer (d. 1946)
    • 1884 – Adriaan van Maanen, Dutch-American astronomer and academic (d. 1946)
    • 1885 – Pascin, Sephardi Jewish Bulgarian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1930)
    • 1890 – Ben Adams, American jumper (d. 1961)
    • 1890 – William Lawrence Bragg, Australian-English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
    • 1891 – Victor Varconi, Hungarian-American actor and director (d. 1976)
    • 1893 – Clemens Krauss, Austrian conductor and manager (d. 1954)
    • 1893 – Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt, German physician and historian (d. 1982)
    • 1895 – Vardis Fisher, American author and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1900 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Robert Stevenson, English director and screenwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1905 – George Treweek, Australian rugby league player (d. 1991)
    • 1906 – Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
    • 1908 – Red Norvo, American vibraphone player and composer (d. 1999)
    • 1911 – Freddie Green, American guitarist (d. 1987)
    • 1911 – Elisabeth Grümmer, German soprano (d. 1986)
    • 1912 – William Lederer, American soldier and author (d. 2009)
    • 1913 – Etta Baker, African-American singer and guitarist (d. 2006)
    • 1914 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Dagmar Lange, Swedish author (d. 1991)
    • 1915 – Albert Hourani, English historian and author (d. 1993)
    • 1915 – Shoichi Yokoi, Japanese sergeant (d. 1997)
    • 1916 – Lucille Bliss, American voice actress (d. 2012)
    • 1916 – Tommy Bolt, American golfer (d. 2008)
    • 1916 – John H. Wood, Jr., American lawyer and judge (d. 1979)
    • 1917 – Dorothy DeLay, American violinist and educator (d. 2002)
    • 1918 – Ted Post, American director (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Frank Akins, American football player (d. 1993)
    • 1920 – Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire, British aristocrat, socialite and author (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Lowell Fulson, African-American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Peggy Rea, American actress and casting director (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Richard Kiley, American actor and singer (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Patrick Magee, Irish actor (d. 1982)
    • 1923 – Don Barksdale, American basketball player (d. 1993)
    • 1923 – François Sermon, Belgian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Leo Buscaglia, American author and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1924 – Charles Guggenheim, American director and producer (d. 2002)
    • 1925 – Jean Coutu, Canadian actor and director (d. 1999)
    • 1926 – John Fowles, English novelist (d. 2005)
    • 1926 – Beni Montresor, Italian director, set designer, author, and illustrator (d. 2001)
    • 1926 – Rocco Petrone, American colonel and engineer (d. 2006)
    • 1927 – Cesar Chavez, American labor union leader and activist (d. 1993)
    • 1927 – William Daniels, American actor
    • 1927 – Eduardo Martínez Somalo, Spanish cardinal
    • 1927 – Vladimir Ilyushin, Russian pilot (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Elmer Diedtrich, American businessman and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Bud MacPherson, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1988)
    • 1928 – Lefty Frizzell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1975)
    • 1928 – Gordie Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Liz Claiborne, Belgian-American fashion designer, founded Liz Claiborne Inc. (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Bert Fields, American lawyer and author
    • 1930 – Yehuda Nir, Polish Jewish-American psychiatrist (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Jim Mutscheller, American football player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Miller Barber, American golfer (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Tamara Tyshkevich, Belarusian shot putter (d. 1997)
    • 1932 – John Jakes, American author
    • 1932 – Nagisa Oshima, Japanese director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Anita Carter, American singer-songwriter and bassist (d. 1999)
    • 1933 – Nichita Stănescu, Romanian poet (d. 1983)
    • 1934 – Richard Chamberlain, American actor
    • 1934 – Shirley Jones, American actress and singer
    • 1934 – John D. Loudermilk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
    • 1934 – Carlo Rubbia, Italian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1934 – Kamala Surayya, Indian poet and author (d. 2009)
    • 1935 – Herb Alpert, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer
    • 1935 – Judith Rossner, Jewish-American author (d. 2005)
    • 1936 – Marge Piercy, American poet and novelist
    • 1936 – Walter E. Williams, American economist and academic
    • 1938 – Patrick Bateson, English biologist and academic (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Sheila Dikshit, Indian politician, 22nd Governor of Kerala (d. 2019)
    • 1938 – Antje Gleichfeld, German runner
    • 1938 – Bill Hicke, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – Tõnno Lepmets, Estonian basketball player (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – Arthur B. Rubinstein, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2018)
    • 1938 – David Steel, Scottish academic and politician
    • 1939 – Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Georgian anthropologist and politician, 1st President of Georgia (d. 1993)
    • 1939 – Israel Horovitz, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Walker David Miller, American lawyer and judge (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Volker Schlöndorff, German director and producer
    • 1939 – Karl-Heinz Schnellinger, German footballer
    • 1940 – Brian Ackland-Snow, English production designer and art director (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Barney Frank, American lawyer and politician
    • 1940 – Patrick Leahy, American lawyer and politician
    • 1941 – Franco Bonvicini, Italian author and illustrator (d. 1995)
    • 1941 – Faith Leech, Australian swimmer (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Ulla Hoffmann, Swedish politician
    • 1942 – Hugh McCracken, American guitarist and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Michael Savage, far-right American radio host and author
    • 1943 – Roy Andersson, Swedish director and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Deirdre Clancy, English costume designer
    • 1943 – Christopher Walken, American actor
    • 1944 – Pascal Danel, French singer-songwriter
    • 1944 – Angus King, American politician
    • 1944 – Mick Ralphs, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Edwin Catmull, American computer scientist and engineer
    • 1945 – Gabe Kaplan, American actor and comedian
    • 1945 – Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress (d. 1995)
    • 1946 – Gonzalo Márquez, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1984)
    • 1946 – Bob Russell, English politician
    • 1947 – Augustin Banyaga, Rwandan-American mathematician and academic
    • 1947 – Wendy Overton, American tennis player
    • 1947 – Kristian Blak, Danish-Faroese pianist, composer, and producer
    • 1947 – Don Foster, English academic and politician
    • 1947 – César Gaviria, Colombian economist and politician, 36th President of Colombia
    • 1947 – Eliyahu M. Goldratt, Israeli physicist and economist (d. 2011)
    • 1948 – Gary Doer, Canadian politician and diplomat, 20th Premier of Manitoba
    • 1948 – Al Gore, American soldier and politician, 45th Vice President of the United States and Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1948 – Rhea Perlman, American actress
    • 1948 – Gustaaf Van Cauter, Belgian cyclist
    • 1949 – Gilles Gilbert, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1950 – András Adorján, Hungarian chess player and author
    • 1950 – Ed Marinaro, American football player and actor
    • 1950 – Sandra Morgen, American anthropologist and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1953 – Dennis Kamakahi, American guitarist and composer (d. 2014)
    • 1955 – Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro
    • 1955 – Angus Young, Scottish-Australian guitarist and songwriter
    • 1957 – Alan Duncan, English businessman and politician, former Shadow Leader of the House of Commons
    • 1959 – Markus Hediger, Swiss poet and translator
    • 1959 – Anita Dillen, Dutch socialite and member of wealthy Dillen family, niece of Cor Dillen, Coen Dillen
    • 1961 – Ron Brown, American sprinter and football player
    • 1961 – Howard Gordon, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1962 – Olli Rehn, Finnish footballer and politician
    • 1963 – Paul Mercurio, Australian actor and dancer
    • 1964 – Mark Hoban, English accountant and politician
    • 1965 – Tom Barrasso, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Patty Fendick, American tennis player and coach
    • 1965 – Jean-Christophe Lafaille, French mountaineer (d. 2006)
    • 1965 – William McNamara, American actor and producer
    • 1965 – Steven T. Seagle, American author and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Roger Black, English runner and journalist
    • 1966 – Nick Firestone, American race car driver
    • 1968 – César Sampaio, Brazilian footballer
    • 1969 – Nyamko Sabuni, Burundian-Swedish politician
    • 1969 – Steve Smith, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1970 – Alenka Bratušek, Slovenian politician, 7th Prime Minister of Slovenia
    • 1971 – Demetris Assiotis, Cypriot footballer
    • 1971 – Martin Atkinson, English footballer and referee
    • 1971 – Pavel Bure, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1971 – Craig McCracken, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor
    • 1972 – Alejandro Amenábar, Chilean-Spanish director and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Andrew Bowen, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Luca Gentili, Italian footballer and coach
    • 1972 – Evan Williams, American businessman, co-founded Twitter and Pyra Labs
    • 1973 – Christopher Hampson, English ballet dancer and choreographer
    • 1974 – Benjamin Eicher, German director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Natali, Russian singer, composer and songwriter
    • 1974 – Stefan Olsdal, Swedish bass player
    • 1974 – Jani Sievinen, Finnish swimmer
    • 1975 – Adam Green, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1975 – Nathan Grey, Australian rugby player and coach
    • 1975 – Cameron Murray, Scottish rugby player
    • 1975 – Ryan Rupe, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Howard Frier, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Igors Sļesarčuks, Latvian-Russian footballer
    • 1976 – Graeme Smith, Scottish swimmer
    • 1977 – Toshiya, Japanese bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1977 – Garth Tander, Australian race car driver
    • 1978 – Michael Clark, Australian cricketer and footballer
    • 1978 – Stephen Clemence, English footballer, midfeider and manager
    • 1978 – Jarrod Cooper, American football player
    • 1978 – Jérôme Rothen, French footballer
    • 1979 – Omri Afek, Israeli footballer
    • 1979 – Euan Burton, Scottish martial artist and coach
    • 1979 – Alexis Ferrero, Argentinian footballer
    • 1979 – Charlie Manning, American baseball player
    • 1979 – Jonna Mendes, American skier
    • 1979 – Rhys Wesser, Australian rugby league player
    • 1980 – Martin Albrechtsen, Danish footballer
    • 1980 – Karolina Lassbo, Swedish lawyer and blogger
    • 1980 – Matias Concha, Swedish footballer
    • 1980 – Kate Micucci, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1980 – Michael Ryder, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Ryan Bingham, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1981 – Thomas Chatelle, Belgian footballer
    • 1981 – Han Tae-you, South Korean footballer
    • 1981 – Pa Dembo Touray, Gambian footballer
    • 1981 – Maarten van der Weijden, Dutch swimmer
    • 1982 – Tal Ben Haim, Israeli footballer
    • 1982 – Bam Childress, American football player
    • 1982 – Audrey Kawasaki, American painter
    • 1983 – Hashim Amla, South African cricketer
    • 1983 – Ashleigh Ball, Canadian voice actress and musician
    • 1983 – Sophie Hunger, Swiss-German musician
    • 1983 – Vlasios Maras, Greek gymnast
    • 1983 – Nigel Plum, Australian rugby league player
    • 1984 – David Clarkson, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Eddie Johnson, American soccer player
    • 1984 – James Jones, American football player
    • 1984 – Martins Dukurs, Latvian sled racer
    • 1984 – Kaie Kand, Estonian heptathlete
    • 1984 – Alberto Junior Rodríguez, Peruvian footballer
    • 1984 – Ed Williamson, English rugby player
    • 1985 – Steve Bernier, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Jo-Lonn Dunbar, American football player
    • 1985 – Jesper Hansen, Danish footballer
    • 1985 – Ivan Mishyn, Ukrainian race car driver
    • 1985 – Kory Sheets, American football player
    • 1985 – Jalmar Sjöberg, Swedish wrestler
    • 1986 – Andreas Dober, Austrian footballer
    • 1986 – James King, Scottish rugby player
    • 1986 – Paulo Machado, Portuguese footballer
    • 1987 – Nordin Amrabat, Dutch footballer
    • 1987 – Hugo Ayala, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Amaury Bischoff, Portuguese footballer
    • 1987 – Humpy Koneru, Indian chess player
    • 1987 – Kirill Starkov, Danish ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Nelli Zhiganshina, Russian figure skater
    • 1988 – Thomas De Corte, Belgian footballer
    • 1988 – Conrad Sewell, Australian singer and songwriter
    • 1988 – Dorin Dickerson, American football player
    • 1988 – DeAndre Liggins, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Louis van der Westhuizen, Namibian cricketer
    • 1989 – Alberto Martín Romo García Adámez, Spanish footballer
    • 1989 – Nejc Vidmar, Slovenian footballer
    • 1989 – Liu Zige, Chinese swimmer
    • 1990 – George Iloka, American football player
    • 1990 – Sandra Roma, Swedish tennis player
    • 1990 – Bang Yong-guk, South Korean rapper
    • 1991 – Milan Milanović, Serbian footballer
    • 1991 – Rodney Sneijder, Dutch footballer
    • 1992 – Stijn de Looijer, Dutch footballer
    • 1992 – Adam Zampa, Australian cricketer
    • 1993 – Mikael Ishak, Swedish footballer
    • 1994 – Samira Asghari, Afghan member of the International Olympic Committee
    • 1994 – Tyler Wright, Australian surfer
    • 1994 – Mads Würtz Schmidt, Danish road cyclist
    • 1995 – Fiona Brown, footballer
    • 1998 – Jakob Chychrun, American-born Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1999 – Japhet Tanganga, English footballer

    Deaths on March 31

    • 32 BC – Titus Pomponius Atticus, Roman nobleman of the Equestrian order (b. 109 BC)
    • 528 – Xiaoming, emperor of Northern Wei (b. 510)
    • 963 – Abu Ja’far Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Saffarid emir (b. 906)
    • 1241 – Pousa, voivode of Transylvania
    • 1251 – William of Modena, Italian bishop and diplomat
    • 1340 – Ivan I of Moscow, Russian Grand Duke (b. 1288)
    • 1342 – Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro, Italian Augustinian monk
    • 1462 – Isidore II of Constantinople, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 1491 – Bonaventura Tornielli, Italian Roman Catholic priest (b. 1411)
    • 1547 – Francis I, French king (b. 1494)
    • 1567 – Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (b. 1504)
    • 1621 – Philip III, Spanish king (b. 1578)
    • 1622 – Gonzalo Méndez de Canço, Royal Governor of La Florida (b. 1554)
    • 1631 – John Donne, English lawyer and poet (b. 1572)
    • 1671 – Anne Hyde, wife of James II of England (b. 1637)
    • 1723 – Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon, English soldier and politician, 14th Colonial Governor of New York (b. 1661)
    • 1741 – Pieter Burman the Elder, Dutch scholar and author (b. 1668)
    • 1751 – Frederick, Prince of Wales, Hanoverian-born heir to the British throne (b. 1707)better source needed
    • 1797 – Olaudah Equiano, Nigerian merchant, author, and activist (b.1745)
    • 1837 – John Constable, English painter and educator (b. 1776)
    • 1850 – John C. Calhoun, American lawyer and politician, 7th Vice President of the United States (b. 1782)
    • 1855 – Charlotte Brontë, English novelist and poet (b. 1816)
    • 1877 – Antoine Augustin Cournot, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1801)
    • 1880 – Henryk Wieniawski, Polish violinist and composer (b. 1835)
    • 1885 – Franz Abt, German composer and conductor (b. 1819)
    • 1907 – Galusha A. Grow, American lawyer and politician, 28th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1823)
    • 1910 – Jean Moréas, Greek poet, essayist and art critic (b. 1856)
    • 1913 – J. P. Morgan, American banker and financier (b. 1837)
    • 1915 – Wyndham Halswelle, English-Scottish runner and captain (b. 1882)
    • 1917 – Emil von Behring, German physiologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1854)
    • 1924 – George Charles Haité, English painter and illustrator (b. 1855)
    • 1927 – Kang Youwei, Chinese scholar and political reformer (b. 1858)
    • 1930 – Ludwig Schüler, German politician, Mayor of Marburg (b. 1836)
    • 1931 – Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (b. 1888)
    • 1935 – Georges V. Matchabelli, Georgian-American businessman and diplomat, founded Prince Matchabelli perfume (b. 1885)
    • 1939 – Ioannis Tsangaridis, Greek general (b. 1887)
    • 1944 – Mineichi Koga, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
    • 1945 – Frank Findlay, New Zealand banker and politician (b. 1884)
    • 1945 – Hans Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
    • 1950 – Robert Natus, Estonian architect (b. 1890)
    • 1952 – Wallace H. White, Jr., American lawyer and politician (b. 1877)
    • 1956 – Ralph DePalma, Italian-American race car driver and actor (b. 1884)
    • 1968 – Grover Lowdermilk, American baseball player (b. 1885)
    • 1970 – Semyon Timoshenko, Soviet Commander during the Winter War and the Eastern Front of World War II (b. 1894)
    • 1975 – Percy Alliss, English golfer (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – Paul Strand, American photographer and director (b. 1890)
    • 1978 – Astrid Allwyn, American actress (b. 1905)
    • 1978 – Charles Herbert Best, American-Canadian physiologist and biochemist, co-discovered Insulin (b. 1899)
    • 1980 – Vladimír Holan, Czech poet and author (b. 1905)
    • 1980 – Jesse Owens, American sprinter and long jumper (b. 1913)
    • 1981 – Enid Bagnold, English author and playwright (b. 1889)
    • 1983 – Christina Stead, Australian author and academic (b. 1902)
    • 1986 – Jerry Paris, American actor and director (b. 1925)
    • 1988 – William McMahon, Australian lawyer and politician, 20th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1908)
    • 1993 – Brandon Lee, American actor and martial artist (b. 1965)
    • 1993 – Mitchell Parish, Lithuanian-American songwriter (b. 1900)
    • 1995 – Selena, American singer-songwriter (b. 1971)
    • 1996 – Dante Giacosa, Italian automobile designer and engineer (b. 1905)
    • 1996 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)
    • 1998 – Bella Abzug, American lawyer, activist, and politician (b. 1920)
    • 1998 – Tim Flock, American race car driver (b. 1924)
    • 1998 – Joel Ryce-Menuhin, American pianist (b. 1933)
    • 1999 – Yuri Knorozov, Russian linguist and ethnographer (b. 1922)
    • 2001 – David Rocastle, English footballer (b. 1967)
    • 2001 – Clifford Shull, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
    • 2002 – Barry Took, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
    • 2002 – Moturu Udayam, Indian activist and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2003 – Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter, English-Canadian mathematician and academic (b. 1907)
    • 2003 – Anne Gwynne, American actress (b. 1918)
    • 2003 – Tommy Seebach, Danish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1949)
    • 2004 – Scott Helvenston, American soldier (b. 1965)
    • 2005 – Stanley J. Korsmeyer, American oncologist and academic (b. 1951)
    • 2005 – Justiniano Montano, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
    • 2005 – Frank Perdue, American businessman (b. 1920)
    • 2006 – Jackie McLean, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1931)
    • 2007 – Paul Watzlawick, Austrian-American psychologist and philosopher (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Jules Dassin, American director, producer, screenwriter, and actor (b. 1911)
    • 2008 – Bill Keightley, American equipment manager (b. 1926)
    • 2009 – Raúl Alfonsín, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 46th President of Argentina (b. 1927)
    • 2009 – Choor Singh, Indian-Singaporean lawyer and judge (b. 1911)
    • 2011 – Gil Clancy, American boxer and trainer (b. 1922)
    • 2011 – Alan Fitzgerald, Australian journalist and author (b. 1935)
    • 2011 – Mary Greyeyes, the first First Nations woman to join the Canadian Armed Forces (b. 1920)
    • 2011 – Oddvar Hansen, Norwegian footballer and coach (b. 1921)
    • 2011 – Ishbel MacAskill, Scottish singer and actress (b. 1941)
    • 2011 – Henry Taub, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Judith Adams, New Zealand-Australian nurse and politician (b. 1943)
    • 2012 – Dale R. Corson, American physicist and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Bernard O. Gruenke, American stained glass artist (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Jerry Lynch, American baseball player (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Alberto Sughi, Italian painter (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Halbert White, American economist and academic (b. 1950)
    • 2013 – Charles Amarin Brand, French archbishop (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Ernie Bridge, Australian singer and politician (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Bob Clarke, American illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Ahmad Sayyed Javadi, Iranian lawyer and politician, Iranian Minister of Interior (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Dmitri Uchaykin, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1980)
    • 2014 – Gonzalo Anes, Spanish economist, historian, and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Roger Somville, Belgian painter (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Betty Churcher, Australian painter, historian, and curator (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Cocoa Fujiwara, Japanese author and illustrator (b. 1983)
    • 2015 – Carlos Gaviria Díaz, Colombian lawyer and politician (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Dalibor Vesely, Czech-English historian, author, and academic (b. 1934)
    • 2016 – Ronnie Corbett, Scottish comedian, actor and screenwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German politician (b. 1927)
    • 2016 – Zaha Hadid, Iraqi-born English architect and academic, designed the Bridge Pavilion (b. 1950)
    • 2016 – Imre Kertész, Hungarian author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
    • 2016 – Denise Robertson, British writer and television broadcaster (b. 1932)
    • 2017 – Gilbert Baker, American artist and LGBT rights activist (b. 1951)
    • 2017 – James Rosenquist, American artist (b. 1933)
    • 2019 – Nipsey Hussle, American rapper (b. 1985)

    Holidays and observances on March 31

    • Cesar Chavez Day (United States)
    • Christian feast day
      • Abdas of Susa
      • Acathius of Melitene (Eastern Orthodox Church)
      • Anesius and companions
      • Benjamin
      • Balbina
      • John Donne (Anglican Communion, Lutheran)
      • March 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of Genocide of Azerbaijanis (Azerbaijan)
    • Freedom Day (Malta)
    • International Transgender Day of Visibility
    • King Nangklao Memorial Day (Thailand)
    • Thomas Mundy Peterson Day (New Jersey, United States)
    • Transfer Day (US Virgin Islands)
    • World Backup Day

  • March 29 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
    • 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice.
    • 1461 – Battle of Towton: Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England, bringing a temporary stop to the Wars of the Roses.
    • 1500 – Cesare Borgia is given the title of Captain-General and Gonfalonier by his father Rodrigo Borgia after returning from his conquests in the Romagna.
    • 1549 – The city of Salvador da Bahia, the first capital of Brazil, is founded.
    • 1632 – Treaty of Saint-Germain is signed returning Quebec to French control after the English had seized it in 1629.
    • 1792 – King Gustav III of Sweden dies after being shot in the back at a midnight masquerade ball at Stockholm’s Royal Opera 13 days earlier. He is succeeded by Gustav IV Adolf.
    • 1806 – Construction is authorized of the Great National Pike, better known as the Cumberland Road, becoming the first United States federal highway.
    • 1809 – King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates after a coup d’état. At the Diet of Porvoo, Finland’s four Estates pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia, commencing the secession of the Grand Duchy of Finland from Sweden.
    • 1831 – Great Bosnian uprising: Bosniaks rebel against Turkey.
    • 1847 – Mexican–American War: United States forces led by General Winfield Scott take Veracruz after a siege.
    • 1849 – The United Kingdom annexes the Punjab.
    • 1857 – Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company’s rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: Federal forces under Major General Philip Sheridan move to flank Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee as the Appomattox Campaign begins.
    • 1867 – Queen Victoria gives Royal Assent to the British North America Act which establishes Canada on July 1.
    • 1871 – Royal Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria.
    • 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War: Battle of Kambula: British forces defeat 20,000 Zulus.
    • 1882 – The Knights of Columbus is established.
    • 1886 – John Pemberton brews the first batch of Coca-Cola in a backyard in Atlanta.
    • 1911 – The M1911 .45 ACP pistol becomes the official U.S. Army side arm.
    • 1927 – Sunbeam 1000hp breaks the land speed record at Daytona Beach, Florida.
    • 1930 – Heinrich Brüning is appointed German Reichskanzler.
    • 1936 – Adolf Hitler receives 99% of the votes in the 1936 German parliamentary election and referendum.
    • 1941 – The North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement goes into effect at 03:00 local time.
    • 1941 – World War II: British Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy forces defeat those of the Italian Regia Marina off the Peloponnesian coast of Greece in the Battle of Cape Matapan.
    • 1942 – The Bombing of Lübeck in World War II is the first major success for the RAF Bomber Command against Germany and a German city.
    • 1945 – World War II: Last day of V-1 flying bomb attacks on England.
    • 1945 – World War II: The German 4th Army is almost destroyed by the Soviet Red Army.
    • 1946 – Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, one of Mexico’s leading universities, is founded.
    • 1947 – Malagasy Uprising against French colonial rule in Madagascar.
    • 1951 – Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage.
    • 1957 – The New York, Ontario and Western Railway makes its final run, the first major U.S. railroad to be abandoned in its entirety.
    • 1961 – The Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, allowing residents of Washington, D.C., to vote in presidential elections.
    • 1962 – Arturo Frondizi, the president of Argentina, is overthrown in a military coup by Argentina’s armed forces, ending an 11​1⁄2 day constitutional crisis.
    • 1971 – My Lai Massacre: Lieutenant William Calley is convicted of premeditated murder and sentenced to life in prison.
    • 1973 – Vietnam War: The last United States combat soldiers leave South Vietnam.
    • 1973 – Operation Barrel Roll, a covert American bombing campaign in Laos to stop communist infiltration of South Vietnam, ends.
    • 1974 – NASA’s Mariner 10 becomes the first space probe to fly by Mercury.
    • 1974 – Terracotta Army was discovered in Shaanxi province, China.
    • 1982 – The Canada Act 1982 receives the Royal Assent from Queen Elizabeth II, setting the stage for the Queen of Canada to proclaim the Constitution Act, 1982.
    • 1984 – The Baltimore Colts load its possessions onto fifteen Mayflower moving trucks in the early morning hours and transfer its operations to Indianapolis.
    • 1990 – The Czechoslovak parliament is unable to reach an agreement on what to call the country after the fall of Communism, sparking the so-called Hyphen War.
    • 1993 – Catherine Callbeck becomes premier of Prince Edward Island and the first woman to be elected in a general election as premier of a Canadian province.
    • 1999 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the 10,000 mark (10,006.78) for the first time, during the height of the dot-com bubble.
    • 1999 – A magnitude 6.8 earthquake in India strikes the Chamoli district in Uttar Pradesh, killing 103.
    • 2002 – In reaction to the Passover massacre two days prior, Israel launches Operation Defensive Shield against Palestinian militants, its largest military operation in the West Bank since the 1967 Six-Day War.
    • 2004 – Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia join NATO as full members.
    • 2010 – Two suicide bombers hit the Moscow Metro system at the peak of the morning rush hour, killing 40.
    • 2013 – At least 36 people are killed when a 16-floor building collapses in the commercial capital Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
    • 2014 – The first same-sex marriages in England and Wales are performed.

    Births on March 29

    • 1001 – Sokkate, king of the Pagan dynasty of Burma (d. 1044)
    • 1187 – Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (d. 1203)
    • 1373 – Marie d’Alençon, French princess (d. 1417)
    • 1517 – Carlo Carafa, Italian cardinal (d. 1561)
    • 1553 – Vitsentzos Kornaros, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1614)
    • 1561 – Santorio Santorio, Italian biologist (d. 1636)
    • 1584 – Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general and politician (d. 1648)
    • 1602 – John Lightfoot, English priest, scholar, and academic (d. 1675)
    • 1620 – Edward Digges, English barrister and colonist
    • 1629 – Alexis of Russia, Tsar of Russia (d. 1676)
    • 1713 – John Ponsonby, Irish politician (d. 1789)
    • 1735 – Johann Karl August Musäus, German author (d. 1787)
    • 1747 – Johann Wilhelm Hässler, German pianist and composer (d. 1822)
    • 1769 – Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult, French general and politician, 12th Prime Minister of France (d. 1851)
    • 1780 – Jørgen Jørgensen, Danish adventurer (d. 1841)
    • 1790 – John Tyler, American lawyer and politician, 10th President of the United States (d. 1862)
    • 1799 – Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1869)
    • 1802 – Johann Moritz Rugendas, German landscape painter of Spanish America (d. 1858)
    • 1816 – 10th Dalai Lama (d. 1837)
    • 1824 – Ludwig Büchner, German physiologist, physician, and philosopher (d. 1899)
    • 1826 – Wilhelm Liebknecht, German journalist and politician (d. 1900)
    • 1862 – Adolfo Müller-Ury, Swiss-American painter (d. 1947)
    • 1863 – Walter James, Australian politician, 5th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1943)
    • 1867 – Cy Young, American baseball player and manager (d. 1955)
    • 1869 – Aleš Hrdlička, Czech-American anthropologist and scholar (d. 1943)
    • 1869 – Sir Edwin Lutyens, British architect (d. 1944)
    • 1870 – Pavlos Melas, French-Greek captain (d. 1904)
    • 1871 – Tom Hayward, English cricketer (d. 1939)
    • 1872 – Hal Colebatch, English-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1953)
    • 1873 – Tullio Levi-Civita, Jewish-Italian mathematician and academic (d. 1941)
    • 1874 – Lou Henry Hoover, American wife of Herbert Hoover, 33rd First Lady of the United States (d. 1944)
    • 1876 – Friedrich Traun, German sprinter and tennis player (d. 1908)
    • 1884 – Ed Archibald, Canadian pole vaulter (d. 1965)
    • 1885 – Dezső Kosztolányi, Hungarian author and poet (d. 1936)
    • 1888 – Enea Bossi, Sr., Italian-American engineer, designed the Budd BB-1 Pioneer and Bossi-Bonomi Pedaliante (d. 1963)
    • 1889 – Warner Baxter, American actor (d. 1951)
    • 1889 – Howard Lindsay, American producer, playwright, librettist, director and actor (d. 1968)
    • 1890 – Bert Bliss, English international footballer, inside forward (d. 1968)
    • 1891 – Yvan Goll, French-German poet and playwright (d. 1950)
    • 1891 – Alfred Neubauer, Austrian race car driver and manager (d. 1980)
    • 1892 – József Mindszenty, Hungarian cardinal (d. 1975)
    • 1893 – Astrid Holm, Danish actress (d. 1961)
    • 1895 – Ernst Jünger, German philosopher and author (d. 1998)
    • 1896 – Wilhelm Ackermann, German mathematician (d. 1962)
    • 1899 – Lavrentiy Beria, Georgian-Russian general and politician (d. 1953)
    • 1900 – Bill Aston, English race car driver (d. 1974)
    • 1900 – John McEwen, Australian farmer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1980)
    • 1902 – Marcel Aymé, French author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1967)
    • 1902 – Don Miller, American football player and coach (d. 1979)
    • 1902 – William Walton, English composer (d. 1983)
    • 1903 – Douglas Harkness, Canadian colonel and politician, 14th Canadian Minister of National Defence (d. 1999)
    • 1906 – James Bausch, American decathlete and football player (d. 1974)
    • 1907 – Braguinha, Brazilian singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2006)
    • 1908 – Arthur O’Connell, American actor (d. 1981)
    • 1908 – Dennis O’Keefe, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1968)
    • 1909 – Moon Mullican, American country and western singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1967)
    • 1912 – Hanna Reitsch, German soldier and pilot (d. 1979)
    • 1914 – Phil Foster, American actor (d. 1985)
    • 1914 – Chapman Pincher, Indian-English historian, journalist, and author (d. 2014)
    • 1916 – Peter Geach, English philosopher and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1916 – Eugene McCarthy, American poet and politician (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Tommy Holmes, American baseball player (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Pearl Bailey, American actress and singer (d. 1990)
    • 1918 – Lê Văn Thiêm, Vietnamese mathematician and academic (d. 1991)
    • 1918 – Sam Walton, American businessman, founded Walmart and Sam’s Club (d. 1992)
    • 1919 – Eileen Heckart, American actress (d. 2001)
    • 1920 – John M. Belk, American businessman and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1920 – Clarke Fraser, American-Canadian geneticist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1920 – Pierre Moinot, French author (d. 2007)
    • 1920 – Theodore Trautwein, American lawyer and judge (d. 2000)
    • 1921 – Sam Loxton, Australian cricketer, footballer, and politician (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Geoff Duke, English-Manx motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Betty Binns Fletcher, American lawyer and judge (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – Bob Haymes, American singer-songwriter, and actor (d. 1989)
    • 1926 – Moshe Sanbar, Hungarian-Israeli banker and economist (d. 2012)
    • 1927 – John McLaughlin, American journalist and producer (d. 2016)
    • 1927 – John Vane, English pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
    • 1928 – Romesh Bhandari, Pakistani-Indian politician, 13th Foreign Secretary of India (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Keith Botsford, Belgian-American journalist, author, and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Vincent Gigante, American boxer and mobster (d. 2005)
    • 1929 – Sheila Kitzinger, English activist, author, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Richard Lewontin, American biologist, geneticist, and academic
    • 1929 – Lennart Meri, Estonian director and politician, 2nd President of Estonia (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Utpal Dutt, Indian Bengali actor, director and playwright (d. 1993)
    • 1930 – Anerood Jugnauth, Mauritian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Mauritius
    • 1931 – Ștefan Andrei, Romanian politician, 87th Romanian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Sopubek Begaliev, Kyrgyzstani economist and politician (d. 2002)
    • 1931 – Aleksei Gubarev, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Norman Tebbit, English journalist and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
    • 1933 – Jacques Brault, Canadian poet and academic
    • 1934 – Shahryar Khan, Indian-Pakistani politician and diplomat, 20th Foreign Secretary of Pakistan
    • 1936 – Richard Rodney Bennett, English-American composer and educator (d. 2012)
    • 1936 – Mogens Camre, Danish politician (d. 2016)
    • 1936 – John A. Durkin, American lawyer and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1936 – Judith Guest, American author and screenwriter
    • 1936 – Joseph P. Teasdale, American lawyer and politician, 48th Governor of Missouri (d. 2014)
    • 1937 – Roberto Chabet, Filipino painter and sculptor (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Smarck Michel, Haitian businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Haiti (d. 2012)
    • 1937 – Gordon Milne, English footballer
    • 1938 – Bert de Vries, Dutch politician
    • 1939 – Roland Arnall, French-American businessman and diplomat, 63rd United States Ambassador to the Netherlands (d. 2008)
    • 1939 – Terence Hill, Italian actor, director, and producer
    • 1939 – Hanumant Singh, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)
    • 1940 – Ray Davis, American bass singer (d. 2005)
    • 1940 – Astrud Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter
    • 1940 – John Suchet, English journalist and game show host
    • 1941 – Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., American astrophysicist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1942 – Bob Lurtsema, American football player
    • 1942 – Scott Wilson, American actor (d. 2018)
    • 1943 – Vangelis, Greek keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1943 – Chad Allan, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1943 – Eric Idle, English actor and comedian
    • 1943 – John Major, English banker and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    • 1944 – Terry Jacks, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1944 – Denny McLain, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1944 – Lynne Segal, Australian-British feminist academic and activist
    • 1945 – Walt Frazier, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1945 – Speedy Keen, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (d. 2002)
    • 1946 – Billy Thorpe, English-Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2007)
    • 1946 – Segun Bucknor, Nigerian musician and journalist (d. 2017)
    • 1947 – Inge Bödding, German sprinter
    • 1947 – Robert Gordon, American singer and actor
    • 1947 – Bobby Kimball, American singer-songwriter
    • 1948 – Bud Cort, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Piet Souer, Dutch record producer, songwriter and arranger
    • 1949 – Michael Brecker, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2007)
    • 1949 – Dave Greenfield, English musician (d. 2020)
    • 1949 – Pauline Marois, Canadian social worker and politician, 30th Premier of Quebec
    • 1949 – Keith Simpson, English historian and politician
    • 1951 – William Clarke, American harmonica player (d. 1996)
    • 1951 – Geoff Howarth, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1951 – Tina Monzon-Palma, Filipino journalist
    • 1952 – Rainer Bonhof, German footballer
    • 1952 – Russell Fairfax, Australian rugby player and coach
    • 1952 – John Hendricks, American businessman, founded Discovery Communications
    • 1952 – Teófilo Stevenson, Cuban boxer and engineer (d. 2012)
    • 1953 – Tõnis Palts, Estonian politician, 39th Mayor of Tallinn
    • 1955 – Earl Campbell, American football player
    • 1955 – Brendan Gleeson, Irish actor
    • 1955 – Marina Sirtis, British-American actress
    • 1956 – Patty Donahue, American singer (d. 1996)
    • 1957 – Elizabeth Hand, American author
    • 1957 – Christopher Lambert, American-born French actor
    • 1958 – Pedro Bial, Brazilian journalist and producer
    • 1958 – Travis Childers, American businessman and politician
    • 1958 – Nouriel Roubini, Turkish-American economist and academic
    • 1958 – Victor Salva, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1958 – Marc Silvestri, American publisher, founded Top Cow Productions
    • 1959 – Barry Blanchard, Canadian mountaineer
    • 1959 – Perry Farrell, American singer-songwriter
    • 1959 – Brad McCrimmon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1960 – Wayne Pearce, Australian rugby league player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1961 – Gary Brabham, English-Australian race car driver
    • 1961 – Mike Kingery, American baseball player
    • 1961 – Amy Sedaris, American actress and comedian
    • 1961 – Michael Winterbottom, English director and producer
    • 1962 – Billy Beane, American baseball player and manager
    • 1962 – Ted Failon, Filipino journalist and politician
    • 1962 – Kirk Triplett, American golfer
    • 1964 – Catherine Cortez Masto, American attorney and politician
    • 1964 – Jill Goodacre, American model and actress
    • 1964 – Elle Macpherson, Australian model and actress
    • 1964 – Ming Tsai, American chef and television host
    • 1965 – Emilios T. Harlaftis, Greek astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic (d. 2005)
    • 1965 – William Oefelein, American commander, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1965 – Voula Patoulidou, Greek hurdler, long jumper, and politician
    • 1966 – Krasimir Balakov, Bulgarian footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Jeroen Dijsselbloem, Dutch politician
    • 1966 – Eric Gunderson, American baseball player
    • 1966 – Sigrid Kirchmann, Austrian high jumper
    • 1967 – Ainars Bagatskis, Latvian basketball player and coach
    • 1967 – Michel Hazanavicius, French director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Brian Jordan, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Lucy Lawless, New Zealand actress
    • 1969 – Kim Batten, American hurdler
    • 1969 – Shinichi Mochizuki, Japanese mathematician
    • 1969 – Jimmy Spencer, American football player and coach
    • 1971 – Robert Gibbs, American political adviser, 28th White House Press Secretary
    • 1971 – Lara Logan, South African television and radio journalist and war correspondent
    • 1971 – Hidetoshi Nishijima, Japanese actor
    • 1972 – Rui Costa, Portuguese footballer
    • 1972 – Piet-Hein Geeris, Dutch field hockey player
    • 1972 – Alex Ochoa, Cuban-American baseball player and coach
    • 1972 – Priti Patel, British Indian politician, Secretary of State for the Home Department
    • 1973 – Marc Overmars, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1973 – Sebastiano Siviglia, Italian footballer
    • 1973 – Steve Smith, English high jumper
    • 1974 – Miguel Gómez, Colombian-American photographer and educator
    • 1976 – Igor Astarloa, Spanish cyclist
    • 1976 – Jennifer Capriati, American tennis player
    • 1978 – Aaron Persico, New Zealand-Italian rugby player
    • 1980 – Bill Demong, American skier
    • 1980 – Bruno Silva, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1981 – Jlloyd Samuel, Trinidadian footballer (d. 2018)
    • 1982 – Jēkabs Rēdlihs, Latvian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Darius Draudvila, Lithuanian decathlete
    • 1984 – Juan Mónaco, Argentinian tennis player
    • 1985 – Fernando Amorebieta, Venezuelan international footballer, central defender
    • 1985 – Maxim Lapierre, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Mickey Pimentel, American football player
    • 1986 – Sylvan Ebanks-Blake, English footballer
    • 1986 – Ivan Ukhov, Russian high jumper
    • 1987 – Gianluca Freddi, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Dimitri Payet, French footballer
    • 1987 – Romain Hamouma, French footballer
    • 1988 – Esther Cremer, German runner
    • 1988 – Jesús Molina, Mexican footballer
    • 1988 – Jürgen Zopp, Estonian tennis player
    • 1989 – James Tomkins, English footballer
    • 1990 – Carlos Peña, Mexican footballer
    • 1990 – Teemu Pukki, Finnish footballer
    • 1990 – Lyle Taylor, English footballer
    • 1991 – Irene, South Korean idol, actress and television host
    • 1991 – Fabio Borini, Italian footballer
    • 1991 – N’Golo Kanté, French footballer
    • 1993 – Thorgan Hazard, Belgian footballer

    Deaths on March 29

    • 87 BC – Emperor Wu of Han of China (b. 157 BC)
    • AD 57 – Emperor Guangwu of Han (b. 5 BC)
    • 500 – Gwynllyw, Welsh king and religious figure
    • 1058 – Pope Stephen IX (b. 1020)
    • 1075 – Ottokar I of Styria, German noble
    • 1368 – Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan (b. 1328)
    • 1461 – Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland, English politician (b. 1421)
    • 1461 – Lionel de Welles, 6th Baron Welles
    • 1467 – Matthew Palaiologos Asen, Byzantine aristocrat and official
    • 1578 – Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (b. 1527)
    • 1578 – Arthur Champernowne, English admiral and politician (b. 1524)
    • 1628 – Tobias Matthew, English archbishop and academic (b. 1546)
    • 1629 – Jacob de Gheyn II, Dutch painter and engraver (b. 1565)
    • 1692 – Nicolaus Bruhns, Danish-German organist, violinist, and composer (b. 1665)
    • 1703 – George Frederick II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, (b. 1678)
    • 1751 – Thomas Coram, English captain and philanthropist, founded Foundling Hospital (b. 1668)
    • 1772 – Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish astronomer, philosopher, and theologian (b. 1688)
    • 1788 – Charles Wesley, English missionary and poet (b. 1707)
    • 1792 – Gustav III of Sweden (b. 1746)
    • 1800 – Marc René, marquis de Montalembert, French general and engineer (b. 1714)
    • 1803 – Gottfried van Swieten, Dutch-Austrian librarian and diplomat (b. 1733)
    • 1826 – Johann Heinrich Voss, German poet, translator, and academic (b. 1751)
    • 1829 – Cornelio Saavedra, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1759)
    • 1848 – John Jacob Astor, German-American businessman (b. 1763)
    • 1855 – Henri Druey, Swiss politician, 2nd President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1799)
    • 1873 – Francesco Zantedeschi, Italian priest and physicist (b. 1797)
    • 1877 – Inazuma Raigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 7th Yokozuna (b. 1802)
    • 1888 – Charles-Valentin Alkan, French pianist and composer (b. 1813)
    • 1891 – John Plankinton, American businessman and industrialist, also noted for philanthropy (b. 1820)
    • 1891 – Georges Seurat, French painter (b. 1859)
    • 1900 – Cyrus K. Holliday, American businessman (b. 1826)
    • 1905 – William Plankinton, American businessman, industrialist and banker (b. 1843)
    • 1906 – Slava Raškaj, Croatian painter (b. 1878)
    • 1911 – Alexandre Guilmant, French organist and composer (b. 1837)
    • 1912 – Henry Robertson Bowers, Scottish lieutenant and explorer (b. 1883)
    • 1912 – Robert Falcon Scott, English lieutenant and explorer (b. 1868)
    • 1912 – Edward Adrian Wilson, English physician and explorer (b. 1872)
    • 1924 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer and conductor (b. 1852)
    • 1934 – Otto Hermann Kahn, German-American banker and philanthropist (b. 1867)
    • 1937 – Karol Szymanowski, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1882)
    • 1940 – Alexander Obolensky, Russian-English rugby player and soldier (b. 1916)
    • 1948 – Harry Price, English parapsychologist and author (b. 1881)
    • 1957 – Joyce Cary, Anglo-Irish novelist (b. 1888)
    • 1959 – Barthélemy Boganda, African priest and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (b. 1910)
    • 1963 – Gaspard Fauteux, Canadian dentist and politician, 19th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1898)
    • 1963 – August Rei, Estonian soldier, journalist, and politician, 12th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1886)
    • 1970 – Anna Louise Strong, American journalist and author (b. 1885)
    • 1971 – Dhirendranath Datta, Pakistani lawyer and politician (b. 1886)
    • 1972 – J. Arthur Rank, English businessman, founded Rank Organisation (b. 1888)
    • 1980 – Mantovani, Italian-English conductor and composer (b. 1905)
    • 1981 – Eric Williams, Trinidadian historian and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1911)
    • 1982 – Walter Hallstein, German academic and politician, 1st President of the European Commission (b. 1901)
    • 1982 – Carl Orff, German composer and educator (b. 1895)
    • 1982 – Nathan Farragut Twining, American general (b. 1897)
    • 1985 – Luther Terry, American physician and academic, 9th Surgeon General of the United States (b. 1911)
    • 1988 – Maurice Blackburn, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1914)
    • 1988 – Ted Kluszewski, American baseball player and coach (b. 1924)
    • 1991 – Guy Bourdin, French photographer (b. 1928)
    • 1992 – Paul Henreid, American actor (b. 1908)
    • 1994 – Bill Travers, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
    • 1995 – Mort Meskin, American illustrator (b. 1916)
    • 1995 – Terry Moore, American baseball player and coach (b. 1912)
    • 1996 – Frank Daniel, Czech-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 1996 – Bill Goldsworthy, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1944)
    • 1997 – Hans-Walter Eigenbrodt, German footballer and coach (b. 1935)
    • 1999 – Gyula Zsengellér, Hungarian footballer (b. 1915)
    • 1999 – Joe Williams, American jazz singer (b. 1918)
    • 2001 – Helge Ingstad, Norwegian lawyer, academic, and explorer (b. 1899)
    • 2001 – John Lewis, American pianist and composer (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – Carlo Urbani, Italian physician and microbiologist (b. 1956)
    • 2004 – Lise de Baissac, Mauritian-born SOE agent, war hero (b. 1905)
    • 2004 – Joel Feinberg, American philosopher and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2005 – Miltos Sachtouris, Greek poet and author (b. 1919)
    • 2006 – Salvador Elizondo, Mexican author and poet (b. 1932)
    • 2007 – Larry L’Estrange, English rugby player and soldier (b. 1934)
    • 2009 – Vladimir Fedotov, Russian footballer and manager (b. 1943)
    • 2009 – Andy Hallett, American actor and singer (b. 1975)
    • 2011 – Ângelo de Sousa, Portuguese painter and sculptor (b. 1938)
    • 2011 – Iakovos Kambanellis, Greek author, poet, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Pap Cheyassin Secka, Gambian lawyer and politician (b. 1942)
    • 2012 – Bill Jenkins, American race car driver and engineer (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Reginald Gray, Irish-French painter (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Brian Huggins, English-Canadian journalist and actor (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Liu Kang, Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1961)
    • 2013 – Ralph Klein, Canadian journalist and politician, 12th Premier of Alberta (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Art Phillips, Canadian businessman and politician, 32nd Mayor of Vancouver (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Marc Platt, American actor and dancer (b. 1913)
    • 2014 – Ruth A. M. Schmidt, American geologist and paleontologist (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – William Delafield Cook, Australian-English painter (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Gerry Hardstaff, English cricketer (b. 1940)
    • 2016 – Patty Duke, American actress (b. 1946)
    • 2017 – Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, Russian physicist (b. 1928)
    • 2019 – Agnès Varda, French film director (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on March 29

    • Christian feast day:
      • Berthold
      • Eustace of Luxeuil
      • Gwladys
      • Gwynllyw
      • Hans Nielsen Hauge (Lutheran)
      • John Keble (commemoration, Anglicanism)
      • March 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which the Octave Day of Easter can fall, while May 2 is the latest; observed on the Sunday after Easter. (Christianity)
    • Boganda Day (Central African Republic)
    • Commemoration of the 1947 Rebellion (Madagascar)
    • National Vietnam War Veterans Day (United States of America)
    • Day of the Young Combatant (Chile)
    • Youth Day (Taiwan)

  • March 24 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    March 24th is the 365th and last day of the year in many European implementations of the Julian calendar.

    March 24 in History

    • 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6.
    • 1387 – English victory over a Franco-Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate off the coast of Margate.
    • 1401 – Turco-Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus.
    • 1603 – James VI of Scotland is proclaimed King James I of England and Ireland, upon the death of Elizabeth I.
    • 1603 – Tokugawa Ieyasu is granted the title of shōgun from Emperor Go-Yōzei, and establishes the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo, Japan.
    • 1663 – The Province of Carolina is granted by charter to eight Lords Proprietor in reward for their assistance in restoring Charles II of England to the throne.
    • 1720 – Count Frederick of Hesse-Kassel is elected King of Sweden by the Riksdag of the Estates, after his consort Ulrika Eleonora abdicated the throne on 29 February
    • 1721 – Johann Sebastian Bach dedicated six concertos to Margrave Christian Ludwig of Brandenburg-Schwedt, now commonly called the Brandenburg Concertos, BWV 1046–1051.
    • 1731 – Naturalization of Hieronimus de Salis Parliamentary Act is passed.
    • 1765 – Great Britain passes the Quartering Act, which requires the Thirteen Colonies to house British troops.
    • 1794 – In Kraków, Tadeusz Kościuszko announces a general uprising against Imperial Russia and the Kingdom of Prussia, and assumes the powers of the Commander in Chief of all of the Polish forces.
    • 1829 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, allowing Catholics to serve in Parliament.
    • 1832 – In Hiram, Ohio, a group of men beat and tar and feather Mormon leader Joseph Smith.
    • 1854 – President José Gregorio Monagas abolishes slavery in Venezuela.
    • 1860 – Sakuradamon Incident: Assassination of Japanese Chief Minister (Tairō) Ii Naosuke.
    • 1869 – The last of Titokowaru’s forces surrendered to the New Zealand government, ending his uprising.
    • 1878 – The British frigate HMS Eurydice sinks, killing more than 300.
    • 1882 – Robert Koch announces the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis.
    • 1885 – Sino-French War: Chinese victory in the Battle of Bang Bo on the Tonkin–Guangxi border.
    • 1900 – Mayor of New York City Robert Anderson Van Wyck breaks ground for a new underground “Rapid Transit Railroad” that would link Manhattan and Brooklyn.
    • 1907 – The first issue of the Georgian Bolshevik newspaper Dro is published.
    • 1921 – The 1921 Women’s Olympiad begins in Monte Carlo, first international women’s sports event.
    • 1927 – Nanking Incident: Foreign warships bombard Nanjing, China, in defense of the foreign citizens within the city.
    • 1934 – United States Congress passes the Tydings–McDuffie Act, allowing the Philippines to become a self-governing commonwealth.
    • 1944 – Ardeatine massacre: German troops murder 335 Italian civilians in Rome.
    • 1944 – World War II: In an event later dramatized in the movie The Great Escape, 76 Allied prisoners of war begin breaking out of the German camp Stalag Luft III.
    • 1946 – A British Cabinet Mission arrives in India to discuss and plan for the transfer of power from the British Raj to Indian leadership.
    • 1958 – Rock ‘n’ roll teen idol Elvis Presley is drafted in the U.S. Army.
    • 1961 – Quebec Board of the French Language is established.
    • 1965 – Images from the Ranger 9 lunar probe are broadcast live on network television.
    • 1973 – Kenyan athlete Kip Keino defeats Jim Ryun at the first-ever professional track meet in Los Angeles.
    • 1976 – In Argentina, the armed forces overthrow the constitutional government of President Isabel Perón and start a 7-year dictatorial period self-styled the National Reorganization Process.
    • 1977 – Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister of India, the first Prime Minister not to belong to Indian National Congress.
    • 1980 – El Salvadorian Archbishop Óscar Romero is assassinated while celebrating Mass in San Salvador.
    • 1986 – The Loscoe gas explosion leads to new UK laws on landfill gas migration and gas protection on landfill sites.
    • 1989 – In Prince William Sound in Alaska, the Exxon Valdez spills 240,000 barrels (38,000 m3) of crude oil after running aground.
    • 1993 – Discovery of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9.
    • 1998 – Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden, aged 11 and 13 respectively, fire upon teachers and students at Westside Middle School in Jonesboro, Arkansas; five people are killed and ten are wounded.
    • 1998 – A tornado sweeps through Dantan in India, killing 250 people and injuring 3,000 others.
    • 1998 – First computer-assisted Bone Segment Navigation, performed at the University of Regensburg, Germany
    • 1999 – Kosovo war: NATO began attacks on Yugoslavia without United Nations Security Council (UNSC) approval, marking the first time NATO has attacked a sovereign country.
    • 1999 – A lorry carrying margarine and flour catches fire inside the Mont Blanc Tunnel. The resulting inferno kills 38 people.
    • 2003 – The Arab League votes 21–1 in favor of a resolution demanding the immediate and unconditional removal of U.S. and British soldiers from Iraq.
    • 2008 – Bhutan officially becomes a democracy, with its first ever general election.
    • 2015 – Germanwings Flight 9525 crashes in the French Alps in an apparent pilot mass murder-suicide, killing all 150 people on board.

    Births on March 24

    • 1103 – Yue Fei, Chinese military general (d. 1142)
    • 1441 – Ernest, Elector of Saxony, German ruler of Saxony (d. 1486)
    • 1494 – Georgius Agricola, German mineralogist and scholar (d. 1555)
    • 1577 – Francis, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin, Bishop of Cammin (d. 1620)
    • 1607 – Michiel de Ruyter, Dutch admiral (d. 1667)
    • 1628 – Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1685)
    • 1657 – Arai Hakuseki, Japanese academic and politician (d. 1725)
    • 1693 – John Harrison, English carpenter and clock-maker, invented the Marine chronometer (d. 1776)
    • 1725 – Samuel Ashe, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of North Carolina (d. 1813)
    • 1725 – Thomas Cushing, American lawyer and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1788)
    • 1755 – Rufus King, American lawyer and politician, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (d. 1827)
    • 1762 – Marcos Portugal, Portuguese organist and composer (d. 1830)
    • 1775 – Muthuswami Dikshitar, Indian poet and composer (d. 1835)
    • 1782 – Orest Kiprensky, Russian-Italian painter (d. 1836)
    • 1796 – Zulma Carraud, French author (d. 1889)
    • 1796 – John Corry Wilson Daly, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1878)
    • 1803 – Egerton Ryerson, Canadian minister, educator, and politician (d. 1882)
    • 1808 – Maria Malibran, Spanish-French soprano (d. 1836)
    • 1809 – Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and author (d. 1837)
    • 1809 – Joseph Liouville, French mathematician and academic (d. 1882)
    • 1816 – Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos, Roman Catholic archbishop and Mexican politician who served as regent during the Second Mexican Empire (1863-1864) (d. 1891)
    • 1820 – Edmond Becquerel, French physicist and academic (d. 1891)
    • 1820 – Fanny Crosby, American poet and composer (d. 1915)
    • 1823 – Thomas Spencer Baynes, English philosopher and critic (d. 1887)
    • 1826 – Matilda Joslyn Gage, American activist and author (d. 1898)
    • 1828 – Horace Gray, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1902)
    • 1829 – George Francis Train, American businessman (d. 1904)
    • 1829 – Ignacio Zaragoza, Mexican general (d. 1862)
    • 1830 – Robert Hamerling, Austrian poet and playwright (d. 1889)
    • 1834 – William Morris, English textile designer, poet, and author (d. 1896)
    • 1834 – John Wesley Powell, American soldier, geologist, and explorer (d. 1902)
    • 1835 – Joseph Stefan, Austrian physicist, mathematician, and poet (d. 1893)
    • 1848 – Honoré Beaugrand, Canadian journalist and politician, 18th Mayor of Montreal (d. 1906)
    • 1850 – Silas Hocking, English minister and author (d. 1935)
    • 1854 – Henry Lefroy, Australian politician, 11th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1930)
    • 1855 – Andrew W. Mellon, American banker, financier, and diplomat, 49th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1937)
    • 1855 – Olive Schreiner, South African author and activist (d. 1920)
    • 1862 – Frank Weston Benson, American painter and educator (d. 1951)
    • 1869 – Émile Fabre, French author and playwright (d. 1955)
    • 1871 – Alec Hurley, English music hall singer (d. 1913)
    • 1874 – Luigi Einaudi, Italian economist and politician, 2nd President of the Italian Republic (d. 1961)
    • 1874 – Harry Houdini, Hungarian-Jewish American magician and actor (d. 1926)
    • 1875 – William Burns, Canadian lacrosse player (d. 1953)
    • 1879 – Neyzen Tevfik, Turkish philosopher, poet, and composer (d. 1953)
    • 1882 – Marcel Lalu, French gymnast (d. 1951)
    • 1882 – George Monckton-Arundell, 8th Viscount Galway, English politician, 5th Governor-General of New Zealand (d. 1943)
    • 1883 – Dorothy Campbell, Scottish-American golfer (d. 1945)
    • 1884 – Peter Debye, Dutch-American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
    • 1884 – Chika Kuroda, Japanese chemist (d. 1968)
    • 1884 – Eugène Tisserant, French cardinal (d. 1972)
    • 1885 – Charles Daniels, American swimmer (d. 1973)
    • 1885 – Dimitrie Cuclin, Romanian violinist and composer (d. 1978)
    • 1886 – Edward Weston, American photographer (d. 1958)
    • 1886 – Robert Mallet-Stevens, French architect and designer (d. 1945)
    • 1887 – Roscoe Arbuckle, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1933)
    • 1888 – Viktor Kingissepp, Estonian politician (d. 1922)
    • 1889 – Albert Hill, English-Canadian runner (d. 1969)
    • 1890 – Agnes Macphail, Canadian educator and politician (d. 1954)
    • 1891 – Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov, Russian physicist and academic (d. 1951)
    • 1892 – Marston Morse, American mathematician and academic (d. 1977)
    • 1893 – Walter Baade, German astronomer and author (d. 1960)
    • 1893 – George Sisler, American baseball player and scout (d. 1973)
    • 1897 – Wilhelm Reich, Austrian-American psychotherapist and academic (d. 1957)
    • 1901 – Ub Iwerks, American animator, director, and producer, co-created Mickey Mouse (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Thomas E. Dewey, American lawyer and politician, 47th Governor of New York (d. 1971)
    • 1903 – Adolf Butenandt, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
    • 1903 – Malcolm Muggeridge, English journalist, author, and scholar (d. 1990)
    • 1905 – Pura Santillan-Castrence, Filipino author and diplomat (d. 2007)
    • 1907 – Paul Sauvé, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Premier of Quebec (d. 1960)
    • 1909 – Clyde Barrow, American criminal (d. 1934)
    • 1909 – Richard Wurmbrand, Romanian Pastor and Evangelist (d. 2001)
    • 1910 – Richard Conte, American actor, singer, and director (d. 1975)
    • 1911 – Joseph Barbera, American animator, director, and producer, co-founded Hanna-Barbera (d. 2006)
    • 1912 – Dorothy Height, African-American educator and activist (d. 2010)
    • 1915 – Eugène Martin, French racing driver (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Donald Hamilton, Swedish-American soldier and author (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Harry B. Whittington, English palaeontologist and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1917 – John Kendrew, English biochemist and crystallographer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1997)
    • 1919 – Lawrence Ferlinghetti, American poet and publisher, co-founded City Lights Bookstore
    • 1919 – Robert Heilbroner, American economist and historian (d. 2005)
    • 1920 – Gene Nelson, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1920 – Mary Stolz, American author (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Vasily Smyslov, Russian chess player (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Onna White, Canadian dancer and choreographer (d. 2005)
    • 1923 – Murray Hamilton, American actor (d. 1986)
    • 1923 – Michael Legat, English author and publisher (d. 2011)
    • 1924 – Norman Fell, American actor (d. 1998)
    • 1925 – Puig Aubert, German-French rugby league player and coach (d. 1994)
    • 1926 – Desmond Connell, Irish cardinal (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Dario Fo, Italian playwright, actor, director, and composer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
    • 1926 – William Porter, American hurdler (d. 2000)
    • 1927 – John Woodland Hastings, American biochemist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Martin Walser, German author and playwright
    • 1928 – Byron Janis, American pianist and composer
    • 1929 – Pat Renella, Italian-American actor (d. 2012)
    • 1930 – David Dacko, Central African politician, 1st President of the Central African Republic (d. 2003)
    • 1930 – Steve McQueen, American actor and producer (d. 1980)
    • 1931 – Hanno Drechsler, German educator and politician, Mayor of Marburg (d. 2003)
    • 1933 – Stephen De Staebler, American sculptor and educator (d. 2011)
    • 1933 – Lee Mendelson, American television producer (d. 2019)
    • 1936 – Don Covay, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – Alex Olmedo, Peruvian-American tennis player
    • 1937 – Billy Stewart, American singer and pianist (d. 1970)
    • 1938 – David Irving, English historian and author
    • 1940 – Bob Mackie, American fashion designer
    • 1941 – Michael Masser, American songwriter, composer and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1944 – R. Lee Ermey, American sergeant and actor (d. 2018)
    • 1944 – Vojislav Koštunica, Serbian academic and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Serbia
    • 1945 – Robert T. Bakker, American paleontologist and academic
    • 1945 – Curtis Hanson, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1945 – Patrick Malahide, English actor and screenwriter
    • 1946 – Klaus Dinger, German guitarist and songwriter (d. 2008)
    • 1946 – Kitty O’Neil, American stuntwoman (d. 2018)
    • 1947 – Dennis Erickson, American football player and coach
    • 1947 – Christine Gregoire, American lawyer and politician, 22nd Governor of Washington
    • 1947 – Mick Jones, English footballer and coach
    • 1947 – Alan Sugar, English businessman
    • 1948 – Javier Diez Canseco, Peruvian sociologist and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1948 – Jerzy Kukuczka, Polish mountaineer (d. 1989)
    • 1948 – Lee Oskar, Jewish-Danish musician
    • 1949 – Tabitha King, American author and poet
    • 1949 – Ruud Krol, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1949 – Steve Lang, Canadian bass player (April Wine) (d. 2017)
    • 1949 – Nick Lowe, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1949 – Ali Akbar Salehi, Iranian academic and politician, 36th Foreign Affairs Minister of Iran
    • 1949 – Ranil Wickremesinghe, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
    • 1950 – Gary Wichard, American football player and agent (d. 2011)
    • 1951 – Peter Boyle, Scottish-Australian footballer and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1951 – Pat Bradley, American golfer
    • 1951 – Tommy Hilfiger, American fashion designer, founded the Tommy Hilfiger Corporation
    • 1951 – Dougie Thomson, Scottish bass player
    • 1951 – Anna Włodarczyk, Polish long jumper and coach
    • 1952 – Greg McCrary, American football player (d. 2013)
    • 1953 – Anita L. Allen, African-American lawyer, philosopher, and academic
    • 1953 – Louie Anderson, American actor and comedian
    • 1955 – Doug Jarvis, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1955 – Pat Price, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1956 – Steve Ballmer, American businessman
    • 1956 – Bill Wray, American cartoonist and painter
    • 1957 – Pierre Harvey, Canadian cyclist and skier
    • 1957 – Pat Jarvis, Australian rugby league player
    • 1958 – Mike Woodson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1959 – Emmit King, American sprinter
    • 1959 – Renaldo Nehemiah, American hurdler and football player
    • 1959 – Derek Statham, English footballer
    • 1960 – Jan Berglin, Swedish cartoonist
    • 1960 – Barry Horowitz, American wrestler
    • 1960 – Kelly Le Brock, English-American actress and model
    • 1960 – Nena, German singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1960 – Scott Pruett, American race car driver
    • 1960 – Annabella Sciorra, American actress
    • 1961 – Dean Jones, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1961 – Yanis Varoufakis, Greek economist and politician, Greek Minister of Finance
    • 1962 – Angèle Dubeau, Canadian violinist
    • 1962 – Star Jones, African-American lawyer, journalist, and talk show host
    • 1962 – Irina Meszynski, German discus thrower
    • 1963 – Raimond van der Gouw, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1963 – Vadym Tyshchenko, Ukrainian footballer and manager (d. 2015)
    • 1963 – Torsten Voss, German decathlete and bobsledder
    • 1965 – The Undertaker, American wrestler and actor
    • 1966 – Floyd Heard, American sprinter and coach
    • 1967 – Diann Roffe, American skier
    • 1968 – Minarti Timur, Indonesian badminton player
    • 1969 – Stephan Eberharter, Austrian skier
    • 1970 – Lara Flynn Boyle, American actress
    • 1970 – Sharon Corr, Irish singer-songwriter and violinist
    • 1970 – Judith Draxler, Austrian swimmer
    • 1970 – Erica Kennedy, African-American journalist and author (d. 2012)
    • 1970 – Mike Vanderjagt, Canadian-American football player
    • 1971 – Tig Notaro, American comedian and actor
    • 1972 – Christophe Dugarry, French footballer
    • 1972 – Steve Karsay, American baseball player and coach
    • 1973 – Jacek Bąk, Polish footballer
    • 1973 – Philippe Boucher, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
    • 1973 – Steve Corica, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1973 – Jure Ivanušič, Slovenian actor, concert pianist and chansonnier
    • 1973 – Mette Jacobsen, Danish swimmer
    • 1973 – Glen Jakovich, Australian footballer
    • 1973 – Jim Parsons, American actor
    • 1974 – Alyson Hannigan, American actress
    • 1974 – Sergey Klyugin, Russian high jumper
    • 1974 – Tado, Filipino comedian and activist (d. 2014)
    • 1975 – Thomas Johansson, Swedish-Monacan tennis player
    • 1976 – Aaron Brooks, American football player
    • 1976 – Aliou Cissé, Senegalese footballer and coach
    • 1976 – Athanasios Kostoulas, Greek footballer
    • 1976 – Peyton Manning, American football player and entrepreneur
    • 1977 – Jessica Chastain, American actress
    • 1977 – Maxim Kuznetsov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Darren Lockyer, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Michael Braun, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1978 – Tomáš Ujfaluši, Czech footballer and manager
    • 1978 – José Valverde, Dominican baseball player
    • 1979 – Lake Bell, Jewish-American actress, director, and screenwriter
    • 1979 – Norris Hopper, American baseball player
    • 1979 – Periklis Iakovakis, Greek hurdler
    • 1979 – Graeme Swann, English cricketer
    • 1980 – Tassos Venetis, Greek footballer
    • 1981 – Mike Adams, American football player
    • 1981 – Ron Hainsey, American ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Dirk Hayhurst, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Mark Looms, Dutch footballer
    • 1981 – Gary Paffett, English racing driver
    • 1982 – Corey Hart, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Jack Swagger, American mixed martial artist and professional wrestler
    • 1982 – Epico Colon, Puerto Rican professional wrestler
    • 1982 – Jimmy Hempte, Belgian footballer
    • 1982 – Dustin McGowan, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Luca Ceccarelli, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Riccardo Musetti, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Pierre-Alexandre Parenteau, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – T.J. Ford, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Benoît Assou-Ekotto, French born Cameroonian international footballer, left-back
    • 1984 – Chris Bosh, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Adrian D’Souza, Indian field hockey player
    • 1984 – Lucy Wangui Kabuu, Kenyan runner
    • 1984 – Park Bom, South Korean singer
    • 1984 – Philipp Petzschner, German tennis player
    • 1985 – Lana, American wrestler and manager
    • 1985 – Haruka Ayase, Japanese actress and singer
    • 1987 – Ramires, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Shakib Al Hasan, Bangladeshi cricketer
    • 1987 – Billy Jones, English footballer
    • 1987 – Yuma Asami, Japanese actress and singer
    • 1988 – Aiga Grabuste, Latvian heptathlete
    • 1988 – Ryan Higgins, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1988 – Matías Martínez, Argentinian footballer
    • 1988 – Kardo Ploomipuu, Estonian swimmer
    • 1988 – Matt Todd, New Zealand rugby union player
    • 1990 – Starlin Castro, American baseball player
    • 1990 – Aljur Abrenica, Filipino actor
    • 1990 – Keisha Castle-Hughes, Australian-New Zealand actress
    • 1990 – Lacey Evans, American wrestler
    • 1991 – Nick Browne, English cricketer
    • 1991 – Dalila Jakupovic, Slovenian tennis player
    • 1995 – Enzo Fernandez, French-Spanish footballer

    Deaths on March 24

    • 809 – Harun al-Rashid, Arab caliph (b. 763)
    • 832 – Wulfred, archbishop of Canterbury
    • 1284 – Hugh III of Cyprus (b. 1235)
    • 1296 – Odon de Pins, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
    • 1381 – Catherine of Vadstena, Swedish saint (b. 1332)
    • 1394 – Constance of Castile, claimant to the throne of Castile
    • 1396 – Walter Hilton, English mystic and saint (b. 1340)
    • 1399 – Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk (b.c. 1320)
    • 1443 – James Douglas, 7th Earl of Douglas (b. 1371)
    • 1455 – Pope Nicholas V (b. 1397)
    • 1499 – Edward Stafford, 2nd Earl of Wiltshire, English nobleman (b. 1470)
    • 1563 – Hosokawa Harumoto, Japanese daimyō (b. 1514)
    • 1575 – Joseph ben Ephraim Karo, Spanish-Portuguese rabbi and author (b. 1488)
    • 1603 – Elizabeth I of England (b. 1533)
    • 1653 – Samuel Scheidt, German organist and composer (b. 1587)
    • 1684 – Pieter de Hooch, Dutch painter (b. 1629)
    • 1684 – Elizabeth Ridgeway, English woman convicted of poisoning her husband
    • 1773 – Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, English politician, Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard (b. 1694)
    • 1776 – John Harrison, English carpenter and clockmaker, invented the Marine chronometer (b. 1693)
    • 1824 – Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux, French lawyer (b. 1753)
    • 1838 – Abraham Hume, English floriculturist and Tory politician (b. 1748/49)
    • 1869 – Antoine-Henri Jomini, French-Russian general (b. 1779)
    • 1881 – Achille Ernest Oscar Joseph Delesse, French geologist and mineralogist (b. 1817)
    • 1882 – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American poet and educator (b. 1807)
    • 1887 – Ivan Kramskoi, Russian painter and critic (b. 1837)
    • 1888 – Vsevolod Garshin, Russian author (b. 1855)
    • 1905 – Jules Verne, French novelist, poet, and playwright (b. 1828)
    • 1909 – John Millington Synge, Irish playwright and poet (b. 1871)
    • 1915 – Margaret Lindsay Huggins, Anglo-Irish astronomer (b. 1848)
    • 1915 – Karol Olszewski, Polish chemist, mathematician, and physicist (b. 1846)
    • 1916 – Enrique Granados, Spanish pianist and composer (b. 1867)
    • 1926 – Phan Châu Trinh, Vietnamese activist (b. 1872)
    • 1940 – Édouard Branly, French physicist and academic (b. 1844)
    • 1944 – Orde Wingate, Indian-English general (b. 1903)
    • 1946 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (b. 1892)
    • 1946 – Carl Schuhmann, German gymnast, shot putter, and jumper (b. 1869)
    • 1948 – Sigrid Hjertén, Swedish painter and illustrator (b. 1885)
    • 1950 – James Rudolph Garfield, American lawyer and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of the Interior (b. 1865)
    • 1951 – Lorna Hodgkinson, Australian educator and educational psychologist (b. 1887)
    • 1953 – Mary of Teck (b. 1867)
    • 1962 – Jean Goldkette, French-American pianist and bandleader (b. 1899)
    • 1962 – Auguste Piccard, Swiss physicist and explorer (b. 1884)
    • 1968 – Alice Guy-Blaché, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1873)
    • 1971 – Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect, designed the Radisson Blu Royal Hotel and Aarhus City Hall (b. 1902)
    • 1971 – Arthur Metcalfe, Australian public servant (b. 1895)
    • 1976 – Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, English field marshal (b. 1887)
    • 1978 – Park Mok-wol, influential Korean poet and academic (b. 1916)
    • 1980 – Óscar Romero, Salvadoran archbishop (b. 1917)
    • 1984 – Sam Jaffe, American actor (b. 1891)
    • 1985 – Raoul Ubac, French painter, sculptor, photographer and engraver (b. 1910)
    • 1988 – Turhan Feyzioğlu, Turkish academic and politician, 27th Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1922)
    • 1990 – Ray Goulding, American comedian and radio host (b. 1922)
    • 1991 – John Kerr, Australian lawyer and politician, 18th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1914)
    • 1993 – Albert Arlen, Australian pianist, composer, actor, and playwright (b. 1905)
    • 1993 – John Hersey, American journalist and author (b. 1914)
    • 1995 – Joseph Needham, English historian and academic (b. 1900)
    • 1999 – Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, German politician (b. 1902)
    • 1999 – Birdie Tebbetts, American baseball player and manager (b. 1912)
    • 2001 – Muriel Young, English television host and producer (b. 1928)
    • 2002 – César Milstein, Argentinian-English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
    • 2002 – Bob Said, American race car driver and bobsledder (b. 1932)
    • 2003 – Hans Hermann Groër, Austrian cardinal (b. 1919)
    • 2006 – Rudra Rajasingham, Sri Lankan police officer and diplomat (b. 1926)
    • 2007 – Shripad Narayan Pendse, Indian Marathi novelist (b. 1913)
    • 2008 – Chalmers Alford, American guitarist (b. 1955)
    • 2008 – Neil Aspinall, Welsh-English record producer and manager (b. 1941)
    • 2008 – Rafael Azcona, Spanish author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2008 – Richard Widmark, American actor (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – George Kell, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1922)
    • 2009 – Hans Klenk, German racing driver (b. 1919)
    • 2009 – Gábor Ocskay, Hungarian ice hockey player (b. 1975)
    • 2010 – Robert Culp, American actor (b. 1930)
    • 2010 – Jim Marshall, American photographer (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Paul Callaghan, New Zealand physicist and academic (b. 1947)
    • 2012 – Nick Noble, American singer-songwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Barbara Anderson, New Zealand author (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Inge Lønning, Norwegian theologian, academic, and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Gury Marchuk, Russian physicist, mathematician, and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Paolo Ponzo, Italian footballer (b. 1972)
    • 2013 – Mohamed Yousri Salama, Egyptian dentist and politician (b. 1974)
    • 2013 – Francis Hovell-Thurlow-Cumming-Bruce, 8th Baron Thurlow, English diplomat (b. 1912)
    • 2014 – Oleksandr Muzychko, Ukrainian activist (b. 1962)
    • 2014 – John Rowe Townsend, English author and scholar (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – David A. Trampier, American illustrator (b. 1954)
    • 2015 – Yehuda Avner, English-Israeli diplomat (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – notable deaths of the Germanwings Flight 9525 crash:
      • Oleg Bryjak, Kazakhstani-German opera singer (b. 1960)
      • Maria Radner, German opera singer (b. 1981)
    • 2016 – Johan Cruyff, Dutch footballer (b. 1947)
    • 2016 – Garry Shandling, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1949)
    • 2018 – Lys Assia, Swiss singer and First Winner of the Eurovision Song Contest (b. 1924)
    • 2019 – Joseph Pilato, American film and voice actor (b.1949)
    • 2020 – Albert Uderzo, French comic book artist (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on March 24

    • Christian feast day:
      • Catherine of Vadstena
      • Hildelith of Barking
      • Mac Cairthinn of Clogher
      • Óscar Romero (Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, Lutheranism)
      • Paul Couturier (Church of England)
      • Walter Hilton (Church of England)
      • March 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of Remembrance for Truth and Justice (Argentina)
    • National Tree Planting Day (Uganda)
    • Student Day (Scientology)
    • World Tuberculosis Day (International)

  • March 19- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
    • 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen ends the Song dynasty in China.
    • 1284 – The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporates the Principality of Wales into England.
    • 1563 – The Edict of Amboise is signed, ending the first phase of the French Wars of Religion and granting certain freedoms to the Huguenots.
    • 1649 – The House of Commons of England passes an act abolishing the House of Lords, declaring it “useless and dangerous to the people of England”.
    • 1687 – Explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River, is murdered by his own men.
    • 1812 – The Cortes of Cádiz promulgates the Spanish Constitution of 1812.
    • 1853 – The Taiping reform movement occupies and makes Nanjing its capital until 1864.
    • 1861 – The First Taranaki War ends in New Zealand.
    • 1863 – The SS Georgiana, said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, is destroyed on her maiden voyage with a cargo of munitions, medicines, and merchandise then valued at over $1,000,000.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins. By the end of the battle two days later, Confederate forces had retreated from Four Oaks, North Carolina.
    • 1885 – Louis Riel declares a provisional government in Saskatchewan, beginning the North-West Rebellion.
    • 1895 – Auguste and Louis Lumière record their first footage using their newly patented cinematograph.
    • 1918 – The US Congress establishes time zones and approves daylight saving time.
    • 1920 – The United States Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles for the second time (the first time was on November 19, 1919).
    • 1921 – Irish War of Independence: One of the biggest engagements of the war takes place at Crossbarry, County Cork. About 100 Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteers escape an attempt by over 1,300 British forces to encircle them.
    • 1931 – Gambling is legalized in Nevada.
    • 1932 – The Sydney Harbour Bridge is opened.
    • 1943 – Frank Nitti, the Chicago Outfit Boss after Al Capone, commits suicide at the Chicago Central Railyard.
    • 1944 – World War II: The German army occupies Hungary.
    • 1945 – World War II: Off the coast of Japan, a dive bomber hits the aircraft carrier USS Franklin, killing 724 of her crew. Badly damaged, the ship is able to return to the US under her own power.
    • 1945 – World War II: Adolf Hitler issues his “Nero Decree” ordering all industries, military installations, shops, transportation facilities, and communications facilities in Germany to be destroyed.
    • 1946 – French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion become overseas départements of France.
    • 1954 – Joey Giardello knocks out Willie Tory in round seven at Madison Square Garden in the first televised prize boxing fight shown in colour.
    • 1954 – Willie Mosconi sets a world record by running 526 consecutive balls without a miss during a straight pool exhibition at East High Billiard Club in Springfield, Ohio, setting a record that remains unbroken.
    • 1958 – The Monarch Underwear Company fire leaves 24 dead and 15 injured.
    • 1962 – Highly influential artist Bob Dylan releases his first album, Bob Dylan, for Columbia Records.
    • 1962 – The Algerian War of Independence ends.
    • 1964 – Over 500,000 Brazilians attend the March of the Family with God for Liberty, in protest against the government of João Goulart and against communism.
    • 1965 – The wreck of the SS Georgiana, valued at over $50,000,000 and said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, is discovered by teenage diver and pioneer underwater archaeologist E. Lee Spence, exactly 102 years after its destruction.
    • 1966 – 1965–66 Texas Western Miners men’s basketball team wins the NCAA Division I Men’s Basketball Tournament.
    • 1969 – The 385-metre-tall (1,263 ft) TV-mast at Emley Moor transmitting station, United Kingdom, collapses due to ice build-up.
    • 1979 – The United States House of Representatives begins broadcasting its day-to-day business via the cable television network C-SPAN.
    • 1982 – Falklands War: Argentinian forces land on South Georgia Island, precipitating war with the United Kingdom.
    • 1987 – Televangelist Jim Bakker resigns as head of the PTL Club due to a brewing sex scandal; he hands over control to Jerry Falwell.
    • 1989 – The Egyptian flag is raised at Taba, marking the end of Israeli occupation since the Six Days War in 1967 and the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty in 1979.
    • 1990 – The ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș begin four days after the anniversary of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire.
    • 1998 – An Ariana Afghan Airlines Boeing 727 crashes on approach to Kabul International Airport, killing all 45 on board.
    • 2002 – Zimbabwe is suspended from the Commonwealth on charges of human rights abuses and of electoral fraud, following a turbulent presidential election.
    • 2004 – Catalina affair: A Swedish DC-3 shot down by a Soviet MiG-15 in 1952 over the Baltic Sea is finally recovered after years of work.
    • 2004 – March 19 Shooting Incident: The Republic of China(Taiwan) president Chen Shui-bian was shot just before the country’s presidential election on March 20.
    • 2008 – GRB 080319B: A cosmic burst that is the farthest object visible to the naked eye is briefly observed.
    • 2011 – Libyan Civil War: After the failure of Muammar Gaddafi’s forces to take Benghazi, the French Air Force launches Opération Harmattan, beginning foreign military intervention in Libya.
    • 2013 – A series of bombings and shootings kills at least 98 people and injures 240 others across Iraq.
    • 2016 – Flydubai Flight 981 crashes while attempting to land at Rostov-on-Don international airport, killing all 62 on board.
    • 2016 – An explosion occurs in Taksim Square in Istanbul, Turkey, killing five people and injuring 36.
    • 2018 – The last male northern white rhinoceros, Sudan, dies, ensuring a chance of extinction for the species.

    Births on March 19

    • 1206 – Güyük Khan, Mongol ruler, 3rd Great Khan of the Mongol Empire (d. 1248)
    • 1434 – Ashikaga Yoshikatsu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1443)
    • 1488 – Johannes Magnus, Swedish archbishop and theologian (d. 1544)
    • 1534 – José de Anchieta, Spanish missionary and saint (d. 1597)
    • 1542 – Jan Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (d. 1605)
    • 1601 – Alonzo Cano, Spanish painter, sculptor, and architect (d. 1667)
    • 1604 – John IV of Portugal (d. 1656)
    • 1641 – Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi, Syrian author and scholar (d. 1731)
    • 1661 – Francesco Gasparini, Italian composer and educator (d. 1727)
    • 1684 – Jean Astruc, French physician and scholar (d. 1766)
    • 1721 – Tobias Smollett, Scottish-Italian poet and author (d. 1771) (baptised on this day)
    • 1734 – Thomas McKean, American lawyer and politician, 2nd Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 1817)
    • 1739 – Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, French lawyer and politician (d. 1824)
    • 1742 – Túpac Amaru II, Peruvian rebel leader (d. 1781)
    • 1748 – Elias Hicks, American farmer, minister, and theologian (d. 1830)
    • 1778 – Edward Pakenham, Anglo-Irish general and politician (d. 1815)
    • 1809 – Fredrik Pacius, German composer and conductor (d. 1891)
    • 1813 – David Livingstone, Scottish missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
    • 1816 – Johannes Verhulst, Dutch composer and conductor (d. 1891)
    • 1821 – Richard Francis Burton, English soldier, geographer, and diplomat (d. 1890)
    • 1823 – Arthur Blyth, English-Australian politician, 9th Premier of South Australia (d. 1891)
    • 1824 – William Allingham, Irish poet, author, and scholar (d. 1889)
    • 1829 – Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish businessman (d. 1901)
    • 1844 – Minna Canth, Finnish journalist, playwright, and activist (d. 1897)
    • 1847 – Albert Pinkham Ryder, American painter (d. 1917)
    • 1848 – Wyatt Earp, American police officer (d. 1929)
    • 1849 – Alfred von Tirpitz, German admiral and politician (d. 1930)
    • 1858 – Kang Youwei, Chinese scholar and politician (d. 1927)
    • 1860 – William Jennings Bryan, American lawyer and politician, 41st United States Secretary of State (d. 1925)
    • 1861 – Lomer Gouin, Canadian lawyer and politician, 13th Premier of Quebec (d. 1929)
    • 1864 – Charles Marion Russell, American painter and sculptor (d. 1926)
    • 1865 – William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist, myrmecologist, and academic (d. 1937)
    • 1868 – Senda Berenson Abbott, Lithuanian-American basketball player and educator (d. 1954)
    • 1871 – Schofield Haigh, English cricketer and coach (d. 1921)
    • 1872 – Anna Held, Polish singer (d. 1918)
    • 1873 – Max Reger, German pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1916)
    • 1875 – Zhang Zuolin, Chinese warlord (d. 1928)
    • 1876 – Felix Jacoby, German philologist (d. 1959)
    • 1880 – Ernestine Rose, American librarian and advocate (d. 1961)
    • 1881 – Edith Nourse Rogers, American social worker and politician (d. 1960)
    • 1882 – Gaston Lachaise, French-American sculptor (d. 1935)
    • 1883 – Norman Haworth, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950)
    • 1883 – Joseph Stilwell, American general (d. 1946)
    • 1885 – Attik, Greek composer (d. 1944)
    • 1888 – Josef Albers, German-American painter and educator (d. 1976)
    • 1888 – Léon Scieur, Belgian cyclist (d. 1969)
    • 1891 – Earl Warren, American lieutenant, jurist, and politician, 14th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1974)
    • 1892 – Theodore Sizer, American professor of the history of art (d. 1967)
    • 1892 – Ado Vabbe, Estonian painter (d. 1961)
    • 1892 – James Van Fleet, American general and diplomat (d. 1992)
    • 1894 – Moms Mabley, American comedian and singer (d. 1975)
    • 1900 – Carmen Carbonell, Spanish stage and film actress (d. 1988)
    • 1900 – Frédéric Joliot-Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
    • 1901 – Jo Mielziner, French-American set designer (d. 1976)
    • 1904 – John Sirica, American lawyer and judge (d. 1992)
    • 1905 – Joe Rollino, American weightlifter and boxer (d. 2010)
    • 1905 – Albert Speer, German architect and politician (d. 1981)
    • 1906 – Adolf Eichmann, German SS officer (d. 1962)
    • 1906 – Clara Breed, American librarian and activist (d. 1994)
    • 1909 – Louis Hayward, South African-born American actor (d. 1985)
    • 1910 – Joseph Carroll, American general (d. 1991)
    • 1912 – Hugh Watt, Australian-New Zealand engineer and politician, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1980)
    • 1914 – Leonidas Alaoglu, Canadian-American mathematician and theorist (d. 1981)
    • 1914 – Jay Berwanger, American football player and coach (d. 2002)
    • 1915 – Robert G. Cole, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1944)
    • 1915 – Patricia Morison, American actress and singer (d. 2018)
    • 1916 – Eric Christmas, English-Canadian actor (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Irving Wallace, American journalist, author, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
    • 1917 – Laszlo Szabo, Hungarian chess player (d. 1998)
    • 1919 – Lennie Tristano, American pianist, composer, and educator (d. 1978)
    • 1920 – Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian author, poet, and painter (d. 2002)
    • 1921 – Tommy Cooper, British magician and prop comedian (d. 1984)
    • 1922 – Guy Lewis, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Hiroo Onoda, Japanese lieutenant (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Pamela Britton, American actress (d. 1974)
    • 1923 – Benito Jacovitti, Italian illustrator (d. 1997)
    • 1923 – Henry Morgentaler, Polish-Canadian physician and activist (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Joe Gaetjens, Haitian footballer (d. 1964)
    • 1925 – Brent Scowcroft, American general and diplomat, 9th United States National Security Advisor
    • 1927 – Richie Ashburn, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1997)
    • 1928 – Hans Küng, Swiss theologian and author
    • 1928 – Patrick McGoohan, Irish-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1931 – Emma Andijewska, Ukrainian poet, writer and painter
    • 1932 – Gay Brewer, American golfer (d. 2007)
    • 1932 – Peter Hall, English geographer, author, and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1932 – Gail Kobe, American actress and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Phyllis Newman, American actress and singer (d. 2019)
    • 1933 – Philip Roth, American novelist (d. 2018)
    • 1933 – Renée Taylor, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1933 – Richard Williams, Canadian-English animator, director, and screenwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1935 – Nancy Malone, American actress, director, and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1936 – Ursula Andress, Swiss model and actress
    • 1936 – Ben Lexcen, Australian sailor and architect (d. 1988)
    • 1937 – Clarence “Frogman” Henry, American R&B singer and pianist
    • 1937 – Egon Krenz, German politician
    • 1938 – Joe Kapp, American football player, coach, and actor
    • 1942 – Heather Robertson, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2014)
    • 1943 – Mario J. Molina, Mexican chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1943 – Mario Monti, Italian economist and politician, Prime Minister of Italy
    • 1943 – Vern Schuppan, Australian race car driver
    • 1944 – Said Musa, Belizean lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Belize
    • 1945 – John Holder, English cricketer and umpire
    • 1945 – Modestas Paulauskas, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
    • 1946 – Ruth Pointer, American musician
    • 1947 – Glenn Close, American actress, singer, and producer
    • 1947 – Marinho Peres, Brazilian footballer and coach
    • 1948 – David Schnitter, American saxophonist and educator
    • 1949 – Blase J. Cupich, American theologian and cardinal
    • 1950 – José S. Palma, Filipino archbishop
    • 1952 – Warren Lees, New Zealand cricketer and coach
    • 1952 – Martin Ravallion, Australian economist and academic
    • 1952 – Harvey Weinstein, American director and producer
    • 1953 – Ian Blair, English police officer
    • 1953 – Peter Hendy, English businessman
    • 1953 – Ricky Wilson, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 1985)
    • 1954 – Cho Kwang-rae, South Korean footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1955 – Bruce Willis, German-American actor and producer
    • 1956 – Yegor Gaidar, Russian economist and politician, First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia (d. 2009)
    • 1958 – Andy Reid, American football player and coach
    • 1960 – Eliane Elias, Brazilian singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1962 – Iván Calderón, Puerto Rican-American baseball player (d. 2003)
    • 1963 – Neil LaBute, American director and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Yoko Kanno, Japanese pianist and composer
    • 1964 – Jake Weber, English actor
    • 1966 – Michael Crockart, Scottish police officer and politician
    • 1966 – Olaf Marschall, German footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Andy Sinton, English international footballer, midfielder and manager
    • 1967 – Vladimir Konstantinov, Russian-American ice hockey player
    • 1968 – Tyrone Hill, American basketball player and coach
    • 1970 – Harald Johnsen, Norwegian bassist and composer (d. 2011)
    • 1970 – Michael Krumm, German race car driver
    • 1973 – Ashley Giles, English cricketer and coach
    • 1975 – Antonio Daniels, American basketball player
    • 1975 – Matthew Richardson, Australian footballer and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Andre Miller, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Alessandro Nesta, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1978 – Cydonie Mothersille, Jamaican-Caymanian sprinter
    • 1979 – Sheldon Brown, American football player
    • 1979 – Hee-seop Choi, South Korean-American baseball player
    • 1979 – Ivan Ljubičić, Croatian tennis player
    • 1979 – Christos Patsatzoglou, Greek footballer
    • 1979 – Hedo Türkoğlu, Turkish basketball player
    • 1980 – Luca Ferri, Italian footballer
    • 1980 – Taichi Ishikari, Japanese wrestler
    • 1980 – Mikuni Shimokawa, Japanese singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Steve Cummings, English cyclist
    • 1981 – Kolo Touré, Ivorian footballer
    • 1982 – Jonathan Fanene, American football player
    • 1982 – Brad Jones, Australian footballer
    • 1982 – Eduardo Saverin, Brazilian-Singaporean businessman
    • 1982 – Yoshikaze Masatsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1985 – Inesa Jurevičiūtė, Lithuanian figure skater
    • 1986 – Tyler Bozak, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Michal Švec, Czech footballer
    • 1987 – Miloš Teodosić, Serbian basketball player
    • 1988 – Clayton Kershaw, American baseball player
    • 1991 – Aleksandr Kokorin, Russian footballer
    • 1993 – Mateusz Szwoch, Polish footballer
    • 1993 – Hakim Ziyech, Moroccan footballer
    • 1995 – Alexei Sintsov, Russian figure skater
    • 1995 – Héctor Bellerín, Spanish footballer
    • 1996 – Barbara Haas, Austrian tennis player

    Deaths on March 19

    • 235 – Severus Alexander, Roman emperor (b. 208)
    • 953 – Al-Mansur Billah, caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate (b. 913)
    • 968 – Emma of Paris, duchess of Normandy (b. 943)
    • 1238 – Henry the Bearded, Polish duke and son of Bolesław I the Tall (b. 1163)
    • 1263 – Hugh of Saint-Cher, French cardinal (b. 1200)
    • 1279 – Zhao Bing, Chinese emperor (b. 1271)
    • 1286 – Alexander III, king of Scotland (b. 1241)
    • 1330 – Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1301)
    • 1372 – John II, marquess of Montferrat (b. 1321)
    • 1533 – John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, English baron and statesman (b. 1467)
    • 1534 – Michael Weiße, German theologian (b. c. 1488)
    • 1539 – Lord Edmund Howard, English nobleman (b. c. 1478)
    • 1563 – Arthur Brooke, English poet
    • 1568 – Elizabeth Seymour, Lady Cromwell, English noblewoman (b.c. 1518)
    • 1581 – Francis I, duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1510)
    • 1612 – Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, Belarusian saint (b. 1585)
    • 1637 – Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal (b. 1570)
    • 1649 – Gerhard Johann Vossius, German scholar and theologian (b. 1577)
    • 1683 – Thomas Killigrew, English playwright and manager (b. 1612)
    • 1687 – René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, French-American explorer (b. 1643)
    • 1697 – Nicolaus Bruhns, German organist and composer (b. 1665)
    • 1711 – Thomas Ken, English bishop and hymn-writer (b. 1637)
    • 1717 – John Campbell, 1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, Scottish soldier (b. 1636)
    • 1721 – Pope Clement XI (b. 1649)
    • 1783 – Frederick Cornwallis, English archbishop (b. 1713)
    • 1790 – Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha, Ottoman general and politician, 182nd Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1713)
    • 1797 – Philip Hayes, English organist and composer (b. 1738)
    • 1816 – Philip Mazzei, Italian-American physician and philosopher (b. 1730)
    • 1871 – Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist, geologist, and physicist (b. 1795)
    • 1897 – Antoine Thomson d’Abbadie, Irish-French geographer, ethnologist, linguist, and astronomer (b. 1810)
    • 1900 – John Bingham, American lawyer and politician, 7th United States Ambassador to Japan (b. 1815)
    • 1900 – Charles-Louis Hanon, French pianist and composer (b. 1819)
    • 1914 – Giuseppe Mercalli, Italian priest, geologist, and volcanologist (b. 1850)
    • 1919 – Emma Bell Miles, American writer, poet, and artist of Appalachia (b. 1879)
    • 1930 – Arthur Balfour, Scottish-English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848)
    • 1930 – Henry Lefroy, Australian politician, 11th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1854)
    • 1942 – Clinton Hart Merriam, American zoologist, ornithologist, and entomologist (b. 1855)
    • 1944 – William Hale Thompson, American rancher and politician, 41st Mayor of Chicago (b. 1869)
    • 1949 – James Somerville, English admiral and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Somerset (b. 1882)
    • 1949 – James Newland, Australian soldier and policeman (b. 1881)
    • 1950 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American soldier and author (b. 1875)
    • 1950 – Norman Haworth, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1883)
    • 1951 – Dmytro Doroshenko, Ukrainian historian and politician, Prime Minister of Ukraine (b. 1882)
    • 1976 – Albert Dieudonné, French actor and author (b. 1889)
    • 1976 – Paul Kossoff, English guitarist and songwriter (b. 1950)
    • 1977 – William L. Laurence, Lithuanian-born American journalist and author (b. 1888)
    • 1978 – M. A. Ayyangar, Indian lawyer and politician, 2nd Speaker of the Lok Sabha (b. 1891)
    • 1982 – J. B. Kripalani, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1888)
    • 1982 – Randy Rhoads, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1956)
    • 1984 – Garry Winogrand, American photographer (b. 1928)
    • 1986 – Sabino Barinaga, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1922)
    • 1987 – Louis de Broglie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
    • 1988 – Bun Cook, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1904)
    • 1990 – Andrew Wood, American singer-songwriter (b. 1966)
    • 1993 – Henrik Sandberg, Danish production manager and producer (b. 1915)
    • 1996 – Lise Østergaard, Danish psychologist and politician (b. 1924)
    • 1996 – Virginia Henderson, American nurse, researcher, theorist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1997 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch-American painter and educator (b. 1904)
    • 1997 – Eugène Guillevic, French poet and author (b. 1907)
    • 1998 – E. M. S. Namboodiripad, Indian theorist and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Kerala (b. 1909)
    • 1999 – Tofilau Eti Alesana, Samoan politician, 5th Prime Minister of Samoa (b. 1924)
    • 2000 – Joanne Weaver, American baseball player (b. 1935)
    • 2000 – Shafiq-ur-Rahman, Pakistani physician and author (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – Michael Mathias Prechtl, German soldier and illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2004 – Mitchell Sharp, Canadian economist and politician, 23rd Canadian Minister of Finance (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – John DeLorean, American engineer and businessman, founded the DeLorean Motor Company (b. 1925)
    • 2008 – Arthur C. Clarke, British science fiction writer (b. 1917)
    • 2008 – Hugo Claus, Belgian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1929)
    • 2008 – Paul Scofield, English actor (b. 1922)
    • 2009 – Maria Bergson, Austrian-American architect and interior designer (b. 1914)
    • 2011 – Kym Bonython, Australian drummer and radio host (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Jim Case, American director and producer (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Ulu Grosbard, Belgian-American director and producer (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Hugo Munthe-Kaas, Norwegian intelligence agent (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Patrick Joseph McGovern, American businessman, founded IDG (b. 1937)
    • 2014 – Fred Phelps, American lawyer, pastor, and activist, founded the Westboro Baptist Church (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Heather Robertson, Canadian journalist and author (b. 1942)
    • 2014 – Robert S. Strauss, American diplomat, United States Ambassador to Russia (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Lawrence Walsh, Canadian-American lawyer, judge, and politician, 4th United States Deputy Attorney General (b. 1912)
    • 2014 – Joseph F. Weis, Jr., American lawyer and judge (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Gus Douglass, American farmer and politician (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Safet Plakalo, Bosnian author and playwright (b. 1950)
    • 2015 – Danny Schechter, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
    • 2016 – Roger Agnelli, Brazilian banker and businessman (b. 1959)
    • 2016 – Jack Mansell, English footballer and manager (b. 1927)
    • 2019 – William Whitfield, British architect (b. 1920)

    Holidays and observances on March 19

    • Christian feast day:
      • Alkmund of Derby
      • Saint Joseph (Western Christianity; if this date falls on Sunday, the feast is moved to Monday March 20)
      • March 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Maundy Thursday can fall, while April 22 is the latest; celebrated on Thursday before Easter (Christianity)
    • Minna Canth’s Birthday (Finland)
    • Kashubian Unity Day (Poland)
    • St Joseph’s Day (Roman Catholicism and Anglican Communion) related observances:
      • Falles, celebrated on the week leading to March 19 (Valencia)
      • Father’s Day (Spain, Portugal, Italy, Honduras, and Bolivia)
      • “Return of the Swallow”, annual observance of the swallows’ return to Mission San Juan Capistrano in California

  • March 18 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula, leaves up to 20,000 dead.
    • 1229 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, declares himself King of Jerusalem in the Sixth Crusade.
    • 1241 – First Mongol invasion of Poland: Mongols overwhelm Polish armies in Kraków in the Battle of Chmielnik and plunder the city.
    • 1314 – Jacques de Molay, the 23rd and final Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is burned at the stake.
    • 1438 – Albert II of Habsburg becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1608 – Susenyos is formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia.
    • 1644 – The Third Anglo-Powhatan War begins in the Colony of Virginia.
    • 1741 – New York governor George Clarke’s complex at Fort George is burned in an arson attack, starting the New York Conspiracy of 1741.
    • 1766 – American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act.
    • 1793 – The first modern republic in Germany, the Republic of Mainz, is declared by Andreas Joseph Hofmann.
    • 1793 – Flanders Campaign of the French Revolution, Battle of Neerwinden.
    • 1834 – Six farm labourers from Tolpuddle, Dorset, England are sentenced to be transported to Australia for forming a trade union.
    • 1848 – March Revolution: In Berlin there is a struggle between citizens and military, costing about 300 lives.
    • 1850 – American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States adjourns for the last time.
    • 1871 – Declaration of the Paris Commune; President of the French Republic, Adolphe Thiers, orders the evacuation of Paris.
    • 1874 – Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights.
    • 1892 – Former Governor General Lord Stanley pledges to donate a silver challenge cup as an award for the best hockey team in Canada; it was later named after him as the Stanley Cup.
    • 1900 – AFC Ajax Amsterdam, The Netherlands’s biggest and most successful football club, was founded.
    • 1902 – Macario Sakay issues Presidential Order No. 1 of his Tagalog Republic.
    • 1913 – King George I of Greece is assassinated in the recently liberated city of Thessaloniki.
    • 1915 – World War I: During the Battle of Gallipoli, three battleships are sunk during a failed British and French naval attack on the Dardanelles.
    • 1921 – The second Peace of Riga is signed between Poland and the Soviet Union.
    • 1921 – The Kronstadt rebellion is suppressed by the Red Army.
    • 1922 – In India, Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience, of which he serves only two.
    • 1925 – The Tri-State Tornado hits the Midwestern states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, killing 695 people.
    • 1937 – The New London School explosion in New London, Texas, kills 300 people, mostly children.
    • 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Spanish Republican forces defeat the Italians at the Battle of Guadalajara.
    • 1938 – Mexico creates Pemex by expropriating all foreign-owned oil reserves and facilities.
    • 1940 – World War II: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at the Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom.
    • 1942 – The War Relocation Authority is established in the United States to take Japanese Americans into custody.
    • 1944 – Mount Vesuvius in Italy erupts, killing 26 people, causing thousands to flee their homes, and destroying dozens of Allied bombers.
    • 1948 – Soviet consultants leave Yugoslavia in the first sign of the Tito–Stalin Split.
    • 1953 – An earthquake hits western Turkey, killing 265 people.
    • 1959 – The Hawaii Admission Act is signed into law.
    • 1962 – The Évian Accords end the Algerian War of Independence, which had begun in 1954.
    • 1965 – Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space.
    • 1967 – The supertanker Torrey Canyon runs aground off the Cornish coast.
    • 1968 – Gold standard: The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency.
    • 1969 – The United States begins secretly bombing the Sihanouk Trail in Cambodia, used by communist forces to infiltrate South Vietnam.
    • 1970 – Lon Nol ousts Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia.
    • 1971 – Peru: a landslide crashes into Yanawayin Lake, killing 200 people at the mining camp of Chungar.
    • 1980 – A Vostok-2M rocket at Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43 explodes during a fueling operation, killing 48 people.
    • 1990 – Germans in the German Democratic Republic vote in the first democratic elections in the former communist dictatorship.
    • 1990 – In the largest art theft in US history, 12 paintings, collectively worth around $500 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston.
    • 1994 – Bosnia’s Bosniaks and Croats sign the Washington Agreement, ending war between the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and establishing the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
    • 1996 – A nightclub fire in Quezon City, Philippines kills 162 people.
    • 1997 – The tail of a Russian Antonov An-24 charter plane breaks off while en route to Turkey causing the plane to crash and killing all 50 people on board.
    • 2014 – The parliaments of Russia and Crimea sign an accession treaty.
    • 2015 – The Bardo National Museum in Tunisia is attacked by gunmen. 23 people, almost all tourists, are killed, and at least 50 other people are wounded.

    Births on March 18

    • 1075 – Al-Zamakhshari, Persian scholar and theologian (d. 1144)
    • 1395 – John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, English military commander (d. 1447)
    • 1495 – Mary Tudor, Queen of France (d. 1533)
    • 1548 – Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter (d. 1616)
    • 1552 – Polykarp Leyser the Elder, German theologian (d. 1610)
    • 1555 – Francis, Duke of Anjou (d. 1584)
    • 1578 – Adam Elsheimer, German painter (d. 1610)
    • 1590 – Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Portuguese historian and poet (d. 1649)
    • 1597 – Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière, French religious leader, founded the Société Notre-Dame de Montréal (d. 1659)
    • 1603 – Simon Bradstreet, English colonial magistrate (d. 1697)
    • 1609 – Frederick III of Denmark (d. 1670)
    • 1634 – Madame de La Fayette, French author (d. 1693)
    • 1640 – Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1719)
    • 1657 – Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian organist and composer (d. 1743)
    • 1690 – Christian Goldbach, Prussian-German mathematician and academic (d. 1764)
    • 1701 – Niclas Sahlgren, Swedish businessman and philanthropist, co-founded the Swedish East India Company (d. 1776)
    • 1733 – Christoph Friedrich Nicolai, German author and bookseller (d. 1811)
    • 1780 – Miloš Obrenović, Serbian prince (d. 1860)
    • 1782 – John C. Calhoun, American lawyer and politician, 7th Vice President of the United States (d. 1850)
    • 1789 – Charlotte Elliott, English poet, hymn writer, editor (d. 1871)
    • 1798 – Francis Lieber, German-American jurist and philosopher (d. 1872)
    • 1800 – Harriet Smithson, Irish actress, the first wife and muse of Hector Berlioz (d. 1854)
    • 1813 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d. 1864)
    • 1814 – Jacob Bunn, American businessman (d. 1897)
    • 1819 – James McCulloch, Scottish-Australian politician, 5th Premier of Victoria (d. 1893)
    • 1820 – John Plankinton, American businessman and industrialist, also noted for philanthropy (d. 1891)
    • 1823 – Antoine Chanzy, French general (d. 1883)
    • 1828 – Randal Cremer, English activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1908)
    • 1837 – Grover Cleveland, American lawyer and politician, 22nd and 24th President of the United States (d. 1908)
    • 1840 – William Cosmo Monkhouse, English poet and critic (d. 1901)
    • 1842 – Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet and critic (d. 1898)
    • 1844 – Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer and academic (d. 1908)
    • 1846 – Kicking Bear, Native American tribal leader (d. 1904)
    • 1848 – Nathanael Greene Herreshoff, American architect and engineer (d. 1938)
    • 1858 – Rudolf Diesel, German engineer, invented the Diesel engine (d. 1913)
    • 1862 – Eugène Jansson, Swedish painter (d. 1915)
    • 1863 – William Sulzer, American lawyer and politician, 39th Governor of New York (d. 1941)
    • 1869 – Neville Chamberlain, English businessman and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1940)
    • 1870 – Agnes Sime Baxter, Canadian mathematician (d. 1917)
    • 1874 – Nikolai Berdyaev, Russian-French philosopher and theologian (d. 1948)
    • 1877 – Edgar Cayce, American mystic and psychic (d. 1945)
    • 1877 – Clem Hill, Australian cricketer and engineer (d. 1945)
    • 1878 – Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry, English businessman (d. 1956)
    • 1882 – Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer and educator (d. 1973)
    • 1884 – Bernard Cronin, English-Australian journalist and author (d. 1968)
    • 1886 – Edward Everett Horton, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1970)
    • 1890 – Henri Decoin, French director and screenwriter (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – Costante Girardengo, Italian cyclist (d. 1978)
    • 1893 – Wilfred Owen, English soldier and poet (d. 1918)
    • 1901 – Manly Palmer Hall, Canadian mystic, author and philosopher (d. 1990)
    • 1901 – William Johnson, American painter (d. 1970)
    • 1903 – Galeazzo Ciano, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1944)
    • 1903 – E. O. Plauen, German cartoonist (d. 1944)
    • 1904 – Srečko Kosovel, Slovenian poet and author (d. 1926)
    • 1904 – Margaret Tucker, Australian author and activist (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Thomas Townsend Brown, American physicist and engineer (d. 1985)
    • 1905 – Robert Donat, English actor (d. 1958)
    • 1907 – John Zachary Young, English zoologist and neurophysiologist (d. 1997)
    • 1908 – Loulou Gasté, French composer (d. 1995)
    • 1909 – Ernest Gallo, American businessman, co-founded the E & J Gallo Winery (d. 2007)
    • 1909 – C. Walter Hodges, English author and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1911 – Smiley Burnette, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1967)
    • 1912 – Art Gilmore, American voice actor and announcer (d. 2010)
    • 1913 – René Clément, French director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – Werner Mölders, German colonel and pilot (d. 1941)
    • 1915 – Richard Condon, American author and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1922 – Egon Bahr, German journalist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Seymour Martin Lipset, American sociologist and academic (d. 2006)
    • 1922 – Fred Shuttlesworth, American activist, co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Andy Granatelli, American race car driver and businessman (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Alessandro Alessandroni, Italian musician (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – James Pickles, English journalist, lawyer, and judge (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Peter Graves, American actor and director (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – John Kander, American pianist and composer
    • 1927 – George Plimpton, American journalist and actor (d. 2003)
    • 1927 – Lillian Vernon, German-American businesswoman and philanthropist, founded the Lillian Vernon Company (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Miguel Poblet, Spanish cyclist (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Fidel V. Ramos, Filipino general and politician, 12th President of the Philippines
    • 1929 – Samuel Pisar, Polish-American lawyer and author (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – James J. Andrews, American mathematician and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1931 – John Fraser, Scottish actor
    • 1932 – John Updike, American novelist, short story writer, and critic (d. 2009)
    • 1933 – Unita Blackwell, American civil rights activist and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1934 – Roy Chapman, English footballer and manager (d. 1983)
    • 1934 – Charley Pride, American country music singer and musician
    • 1935 – Ole Barndorff-Nielsen, Danish mathematician and statistician
    • 1935 – Frances Cress Welsing, American psychiatrist and author (d. 2016)
    • 1936 – F. W. de Klerk, South African lawyer and politician, 2nd State President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1937 – Rudi Altig, German cyclist and sportscaster (d. 2016)
    • 1937 – Mark Donohue, American race car driver (d. 1975)
    • 1938 – Carl Gottlieb, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1938 – Shashi Kapoor, Indian actor and producer (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Kenny Lynch, English singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2019)
    • 1938 – Timo Mäkinen, Finnish race car driver (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Machiko Soga, Japanese actress (d. 2006)
    • 1939 – Ron Atkinson, English footballer and manager
    • 1939 – Jean-Pierre Wallez, French violinist and conductor
    • 1941 – Wilson Pickett, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1942 – Kathleen Collins, African-American filmmaker and playwright (d. 1988)
    • 1943 – Dennis Linde, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1944 – Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, Israeli general and politician, 22nd Transportation Minister of Israel (d. 2012)
    • 1944 – Frank McRae, American football player and actor
    • 1944 – Dick Smith, Australian publisher and businessman, founded Dick Smith Electronics and Australian Geographic
    • 1945 – Hiroh Kikai, Japanese photographer
    • 1945 – Michael Reagan, American journalist and radio host
    • 1945 – Susan Tyrrell, American actress (d. 2012)
    • 1945 – Eric Woolfson, Scottish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Michel Leclère, French race car driver
    • 1947 – Patrick Barlow, English actor and playwright
    • 1947 – Patrick Chesnais, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – David Lloyd, English cricketer, journalist, and sportscaster
    • 1947 – B. J. Wilson, English rock drummer (d. 1990)
    • 1948 – Guy Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1948 – Brian Lloyd, Welsh footballer
    • 1948 – Eknath Solkar, Indian cricketer (d. 2005)
    • 1949 – Åse Kleveland, Norwegian singer and politician, Norwegian Minister of Culture
    • 1950 – James Conlon, American conductor and educator
    • 1950 – Brad Dourif, American actor
    • 1950 – Linda Partridge, English geneticist and academic
    • 1950 – Larry Perkins, Australian race car driver
    • 1951 – Paul Barber, English actor
    • 1951 – Ben Cohen, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Ben and Jerry’s
    • 1951 – Bill Frisell, American guitarist and composer
    • 1951 – Timothy N. Philpot, American lawyer, author, and judge
    • 1952 – Will Durst, American journalist and actor
    • 1952 – Pat Eddery, Irish jockey and trainer (d. 2015)
    • 1952 – Bernie Tormé, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
    • 1952 – Mike Webster, American football player (d. 2002)
    • 1953 – Franz Wright, Austrian-American poet and translator (d. 2015)
    • 1953 – Takashi Yoshimatsu, Japanese composer
    • 1955 – Francis G. Slay, American lawyer and politician, 45th Mayor of St. Louis
    • 1955 – Jeff Stelling, English journalist and game show host
    • 1956 – Rick Martel, Canadian wrestler
    • 1956 – Deborah Jeane Palfrey, American madam (d. 2008)
    • 1956 – Ingemar Stenmark, Swedish skier
    • 1957 – Christer Fuglesang, Swedish physicist and astronaut
    • 1958 – Richard de Zoysa, Sri Lankan journalist and author (d. 1990)
    • 1959 – Luc Besson, French director, producer, and screenwriter, founded EuropaCorp
    • 1960 – Richard Biggs, American actor (d. 2004)
    • 1960 – Guy Carbonneau, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1960 – James Plaskett, Cypriot-English chess player
    • 1961 – Grant Hart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
    • 1962 – Michael Andrews, Australian rugby league player
    • 1962 – Irene Cara, American singer-songwriter, actress, and producer
    • 1962 – Brian Fisher, American baseball player
    • 1962 – Thomas Ian Griffith, American actor and martial artist
    • 1962 – James McMurtry, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1962 – Etsushi Toyokawa, Japanese actor and director
    • 1962 – Volker Weidler, German race car driver and engineer
    • 1963 – Jeff LaBar, American guitarist
    • 1963 – Vanessa L. Williams, American model, actress, and singer
    • 1964 – Bonnie Blair, American speed skater
    • 1964 – Alex Caffi, Italian race car driver
    • 1964 – Jo Churchill, British politician
    • 1964 – Courtney Pine, English saxophonist and clarinet player
    • 1964 – Isabel Noronha, Mozambican film director
    • 1966 – Jerry Cantrell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – Peter Jones, English businessman
    • 1966 – Brian Watts, Canadian golfer
    • 1967 – Miki Berenyi, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1968 – Prince Eudes, Duke of Angoulême
    • 1968 – Miguel Herrera, Mexican footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Temur Ketsbaia, Georgian footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Paul Marsden, English businessman and politician
    • 1969 – Andy Cutting, English accordion player and composer
    • 1969 – Vassily Ivanchuk, Ukrainian chess player
    • 1969 – Shaun Udal, English cricketer
    • 1970 – Queen Latifah, American rapper, producer, and actress
    • 1971 – Wayne Arthurs, Australian tennis player
    • 1971 – Mike Bell, American wrestler (d. 2008)
    • 1971 – Mariaan de Swardt, South African-American tennis player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Kitty Ussher, English economist and politician
    • 1972 – Dane Cook, American comedian, actor, director, and producer
    • 1972 – Reince Priebus, American lawyer and politician
    • 1973 – Luci Christian, American voice actress and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Laure Savasta, French basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Stuart Zender, English bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1975 – Sutton Foster, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1975 – Brian Griese, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Kimmo Timonen, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Tomas Žvirgždauskas, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1976 – Giovanna Antonelli, Brazilian actress and producer
    • 1976 – Tomo Ohka, Japanese baseball player
    • 1976 – Scott Podsednik, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Mike Quackenbush, American wrestler, trainer, and author, founded Chikara wrestling promotion
    • 1977 – Zdeno Chára, Slovak ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Danny Murphy, English international footballer, midfielder and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Fernando Rodney, Dominican-American baseball player
    • 1977 – Willy Sagnol, French footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Terrmel Sledge, American baseball player and coach
    • 1978 – Fernandão, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1978 – Brooke Hanson, Australian swimmer
    • 1978 – Brian Scalabrine, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Jonas Wallerstedt, Swedish footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1979 – Adam Levine, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and television personality
    • 1980 – Sébastien Frey, French footballer
    • 1980 – Sophia Myles, English actress
    • 1980 – Alexei Yagudin, Russian figure skater
    • 1981 – Tora Berger, Norwegian biathlete
    • 1981 – Fabian Cancellara, Swiss cyclist
    • 1981 – Leslie Djhone, French sprinter
    • 1981 – Jang Na-ra, South Korean singer and actress
    • 1981 – Kasib Powell, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Tom Starke, German footballer
    • 1981 – Doug Warren, American soccer player
    • 1981 – Lovro Zovko, Croatian tennis player
    • 1982 – Mantorras, Angolan footballer
    • 1982 – Chad Cordero, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Timo Glock, German race car driver
    • 1982 – Adam Pally, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1983 – Ethan Carter III, American wrestler
    • 1983 – Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro, French tennis player
    • 1983 – Andy Sonnanstine, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Tomasz Stolpa, Polish footballer
    • 1984 – Simone Padoin, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Rajeev Ram, American tennis player
    • 1984 – Vonzell Solomon, American singer and actress
    • 1985 – Ana Beatriz, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1985 – Marvin Humes, English singer
    • 1985 – Vince Lia, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Lykke Li, Swedish singer-songwriter
    • 1986 – Abdennour Chérif El-Ouazzani, Algerian footballer
    • 1987 – Rebecca Soni, American swimmer
    • 1989 – Francesco Checcucci, Italian footballer
    • 1989 – Lily Collins, English-American actress
    • 1989 – Shreevats Goswami, Indian cricketer
    • 1989 – Kana Nishino, Japanese singer-songwriter
    • 1989 – Paul Marc Rousseau, Canadian guitarist and producer
    • 1989 – Ming Xi, Chinese model
    • 1991 – Dylan Mattingly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1991 – Sam Williams, Australian rugby league player
    • 1992 – Ryan Truex, American race car driver
    • 1992 – Takuya Terada, Japanese singer, actor, and model
    • 1997 – Ciara Bravo, American actress
    • 1997 – Rieko Ioane, New Zealand rugby union player

    Deaths on March 18

    • 978 – Edward the Martyr, English king (b. 962)
    • 1076 – Ermengarde of Anjou, Duchess of Burgundy (b. 1018)
    • 1086 – Anselm of Lucca, Italian bishop (b. 1036)
    • 1227 – Pope Honorius III (b. 1148)
    • 1272 – John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (b. 1246)
    • 1308 – Yuri I of Galicia
    • 1314 – Jacques de Molay, Frankish knight (b. 1244)
    • 1314 – Geoffroy de Charney, Preceptor of Normandy for the Knights Templar
    • 1321 – Matthew III Csák, Hungarian oligarch (b. c.1260/5)
    • 1582 – Juan Jauregui, attempted assassin of William I of Orange (b. 1562)
    • 1675 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier (b. 1606)
    • 1689 – John Dixwell, English soldier and politician (b. 1607)
    • 1745 – Robert Walpole, English scholar and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1676)
    • 1768 – Laurence Sterne, Irish novelist and clergyman (b. 1713)
    • 1781 – Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, French economist and politician, Controller-General of Finances (b. 1727)
    • 1823 – Jean-Baptiste Bréval, French cellist and composer (b. 1753)
    • 1835 – Christian Günther von Bernstorff, Danish-Prussian politician and diplomat (b. 1769)
    • 1845 – Johnny Appleseed, American gardener and missionary (b. 1774)
    • 1871 – Augustus De Morgan, Indian-English mathematician and academic (b. 1806)
    • 1898 – Matilda Joslyn Gage, American author and activist (b. 1826)
    • 1900 – Hjalmar Kiærskou, Danish botanist (b. 1835)
    • 1907 – Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1827)
    • 1913 – George I of Greece (b. 1845)
    • 1918 – Henry Janeway Hardenbergh, American architect, designed the Plaza Hotel (b. 1847)
    • 1930 – Jean Leon Gerome Ferris, American painter (b. 1863)
    • 1936 – Eleftherios Venizelos, Greek journalist, lawyer, and politician, 93rd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1864)
    • 1939 – Henry Simpson Lunn, English businessman, founded Lunn Poly (b. 1859)
    • 1941 – Henri Cornet, French cyclist (b. 1884)
    • 1947 – William C. Durant, American businessman, co-founded General Motors and Chevrolet (b. 1861)
    • 1954 – Walter Mead, English cricketer (b. 1868)
    • 1956 – Louis Bromfield, American environmentalist and author (b. 1896)
    • 1962 – Walter W. Bacon, American accountant and politician, 60th Governor of Delaware (b. 1880)
    • 1964 – Sigfrid Edström, Swedish businessman, 4th President of the International Olympic Committee (b. 1870)
    • 1965 – Farouk of Egypt (b. 1920)
    • 1973 – Johannes Aavik, Estonian philologist and poet (b. 1880)
    • 1977 – Marien Ngouabi, Congolese politician, President of the Republic of the Congo (b. 1938)
    • 1977 – Carlos Pace, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1944)
    • 1978 – Leigh Brackett, American author and screenwriter (b. 1915)
    • 1978 – Peggy Wood, American actress (b. 1892)
    • 1980 – Erich Fromm, German psychologist and philosopher (b. 1900)
    • 1982 – Patrick Smith, Irish farmer and politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (b. 1901)
    • 1983 – Umberto II of Italy (b. 1904)
    • 1984 – Charley Lau, American baseball player and coach (b. 1933)
    • 1986 – Bernard Malamud, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1914)
    • 1988 – Billy Butterfield, American trumpet player and cornet player (b. 1917)
    • 1990 – Robin Harris, American comedian (b. 1953)
    • 1993 – Kenneth E. Boulding, English-American economist and activist (b. 1910)
    • 1996 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek poet and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
    • 2000 – Eberhard Bethge, German theologian and academic (b. 1909)
    • 2001 – John Phillips, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Mamas & the Papas) (b. 1935)
    • 2002 – R. A. Lafferty, American soldier and author (b. 1914)
    • 2003 – Karl Kling, German race car driver (b. 1910)
    • 2003 – Adam Osborne, Thai-English engineer and businessman, founded the Osborne Computer Corporation (b. 1939)
    • 2004 – Harrison McCain, Canadian businessman, co-founded McCain Foods (b. 1927)
    • 2006 – Dan Gibson, Canadian photographer and cinematographer (b. 1922)
    • 2007 – Bob Woolmer, Indian-English cricketer, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1948)
    • 2008 – Anthony Minghella, English director and screenwriter (b. 1954)
    • 2009 – Omid Reza Mir Sayafi, Iranian journalist and blogger (b. 1980)
    • 2009 – Natasha Richardson, English-American actress (b. 1963)
    • 2010 – Fess Parker, American actor and businessman (b. 1924)
    • 2011 – Warren Christopher, American lawyer and politician, 63rd United States Secretary of State (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Furman Bisher, American journalist and author (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – William R. Charette, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – William G. Moore Jr., American general (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – George Tupou V of Tonga (b. 1948)
    • 2013 – Muhammad Mahmood Alam, Pakistani general and pilot (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Henry Bromell, American novelist, screenwriter, and director (b. 1947)
    • 2013 – Clay Ford, American lawyer and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Catherine Obianuju Acholonu, Nigerian author, playwright, and academic (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Kaiser Kalambo, Zambian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1953)
    • 2014 – Lucius Shepard, American author and critic (b. 1943)
    • 2015 – Zhao Dayu, Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1961)
    • 2015 – Thomas Hopko, American priest and theologian (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Grace Ogot, Kenyan nurse, journalist, and politician (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Barry Hines, English author and screenwriter (b. 1939)
    • 2016 – Jan Němec, Czech director and screenwriter (b. 1936)
    • 2016 – Tray Walker, American football player (b. 1992)
    • 2016 – Guido Westerwelle, German lawyer and politician, 15th Vice-Chancellor of Germany (b. 1961)
    • 2017 – Chuck Berry, American guitarist, singer and songwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2020 – Alfred Worden, Apollo 15 command module pilot (b. 1932)

    Holidays and observances on March 18

    • Anniversary of the Oil Expropriation (Mexico)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Alexander of Jerusalem
      • Anselm of Lucca
      • Cyril of Jerusalem
      • Edward the Martyr
      • Fridianus
      • Salvator
      • March 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • The earliest date on which Holy Wednesday can fall, while April 21 is the latest; celebrated on the week before Easter. (Christianity)
    • Flag Day (Aruba)
    • Gallipoli Memorial Day (Turkey)
    • Men’s and Soldiers’ Day (Mongolia)
    • Ordnance Factories’ Day (India)
    • Sheelah’s Day (Ireland, Canada, Australia)
    • Teacher’s Day (Syria)