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  • July 19 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
    • 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital.
    • 711 – Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete: Umayyad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic.
    • 939 – Battle of Simancas: King Ramiro II of León defeats the Moorish army under Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III near the city of Simancas.
    • 998 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Battle of Apamea: Fatimids defeat a Byzantine army near Apamea.
    • 1333 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Halidon Hill: The English win a decisive victory over the Scots.
    • 1544 – Italian War of 1542–46: The first Siege of Boulogne begins.
    • 1545 – The Tudor warship Mary Rose sinks off Portsmouth; in 1982 the wreck is salvaged in one of the most complex and expensive projects in the history of maritime archaeology.
    • 1553 – Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after only nine days on the throne.
    • 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.
    • 1701 – Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
    • 1702 – Great Northern War: A numerically superior Polish-Saxon army of Augustus II the Strong, operating from an advantageous defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish army half its size under the command of King Charles XII in the Battle of Klissow.
    • 1817 – Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaii for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauai.
    • 1821 – Coronation of George IV of the United Kingdom.
    • 1832 – The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary.
    • 1843 – Brunel’s steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
    • 1845 – Great New York City Fire of 1845: The last great fire to affect Manhattan began early in the morning and was subdued that afternoon. The fire killed four firefighters, 26 civilians, and destroyed 345 buildings.
    • 1848 – Women’s rights: A two-day Women’s Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: Morgan’s Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan’s raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
    • 1864 – Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking: The Qing dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
    • 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
    • 1900 – The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation.
    • 1903 – Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
    • 1916 – World War I: Battle of Fromelles: British and Australian troops attack German trenches as part of the Battle of the Somme.
    • 1936 – Spanish Civil War: The CNT and UGT call a general strike in Spain – mobilizing workers’ militias against the Nationalist forces.
    • 1940 – World War II: Battle of Cape Spada: The Royal Navy and the Regia Marina clash; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sinks, with 121 casualties.
    • 1940 – Field Marshal Ceremony: First occasion in World War II, that Hitler appointed field marshals due to military achievements.
    • 1940 – World War II: Army order 112 forms the Intelligence Corps of the British Army.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Second Happy Time of Hitler’s submarines comes to an end, as the increasingly effective American convoy system compels them to return to the central Atlantic.
    • 1943 – World War II: Rome is heavily bombed by more than 500 Allied aircraft, inflicting thousands of casualties.
    • 1947 – Prime Minister of the shadow Burmese government, Bogyoke Aung San and eight others are assassinated.
    • 1947 – Korean politician Lyuh Woon-hyung is assassinated.
    • 1952 – Opening of the Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.
    • 1961 – Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte; the French would capture the entire town four days later.
    • 1963 – Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 meters (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.
    • 1964 – Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.
    • 1969 – Chappaquiddick incident: U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy crashes his car into a tidal pond at Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts, killing his passenger Mary Jo Kopechne.
    • 1972 – Dhofar Rebellion: British SAS units help the Omani government against Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman rebels in the Battle of Mirbat.
    • 1976 – Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
    • 1977 – The world’s first Global Positioning System (GPS) signal was transmitted from Navigation Technology Satellite 2 (NTS-2) and received at Rockwell Collins in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, at 12:41 a.m. Eastern time (ET).
    • 1979 – The Sandinista rebels overthrow the government of the Somoza family in Nicaragua.
    • 1979 – The oil tanker SS Atlantic Empress collides with another oil tanker, causing the largest ever ship-borne oil spill.
    • 1980 – Opening of the Summer Olympics in Moscow.
    • 1981 – In a private meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan, French President François Mitterrand reveals the existence of the Farewell Dossier, a collection of documents showing the Soviet Union had been stealing American technological research and development.
    • 1982 – In one of the first militant attacks by Hezbollah, David S. Dodge, president of the American University of Beirut, is kidnapped.
    • 1983 – The first three-dimensional reconstruction of a human head in a CT is published.
    • 1985 – The Val di Stava dam collapses killing 268 people in Val di Stava, Italy.
    • 1989 – United Airlines Flight 232 crashes in Sioux City, Iowa killing 111.
    • 1992 – A car bomb kills Judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his escort.
    • 1997 – The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army resumes a ceasefire to end their 25-year paramilitary campaign to end British rule in Northern Ireland.
    • 2014 – Gunmen in Egypt’s western desert province of New Valley Governorate attack a military checkpoint, killing at least 21 soldiers. Egypt reportedly declares a state of emergency on its border with Sudan.

    Births on July 19

    • 810 – Muhammad al-Bukhari, Persian scholar (d. 870)
    • 1223 – Baibars, sultan of Egypt (d. 1277)
    • 1420 – William VIII, Marquess of Montferrat (d. 1483)
    • 1569 – Conrad Vorstius, Dutch theologian (d. 1622)
    • 1670 – Richard Leveridge, English singer-songwriter (d. 1758)
    • 1688 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary and painter (d. 1766)
    • 1744 – Heinrich Christian Boie, German author and poet (d. 1806)
    • 1759 – Marianna Auenbrugger, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1782)
    • 1759 – Seraphim of Sarov, Russian monk and saint (d. 1833)
    • 1771 – Thomas Talbot, Irish-Canadian colonel and politician (d. 1853)
    • 1794 – José Justo Corro, Mexican politician and president, (1836-1837) (d. 1864)
    • 1789 – John Martin, English painter, engraver, and illustrator (d. 1854)
    • 1800 – Juan José Flores, Venezuelan general and politician, 1st President of Ecuador (d. 1864)
    • 1814 – Samuel Colt, American businessman, founded the Colt’s Manufacturing Company (d. 1862)
    • 1819 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (d. 1890)
    • 1822 – Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)
    • 1827 – Mangal Pandey, Indian soldier (d. 1857)
    • 1834 – Edgar Degas, French painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 1917)
    • 1835 – Justo Rufino Barrios, Guatemalan president (d. 1885)
    • 1842 – Frederic T. Greenhalge, English-American lawyer and politician, 38th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
    • 1846 – Edward Charles Pickering, American astronomer and physicist (d. 1919)
    • 1849 – Ferdinand Brunetière, French scholar and critic (d. 1906)
    • 1865 – Georges Friedel, French mineralogist and crystallographer (d. 1933)
    • 1865 – Charles Horace Mayo, American surgeon, founded the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
    • 1860 – Lizzie Borden, American woman, tried and acquitted for the murders of her parents in 1892 (d. 1927)
    • 1868 – Florence Foster Jenkins, American soprano and educator (d. 1944)
    • 1869 – Xenophon Stratigos, Greek general and politician, Greek Minister of Transport (d. 1927)
    • 1875 – Alice Dunbar Nelson, African-American poet and activist (d. 1935)
    • 1876 – Joseph Fielding Smith, American religious leader, 10th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1972)
    • 1877 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d. 1949)
    • 1881 – Friedrich Dessauer, German physicist and philosopher (d. 1963)
    • 1883 – Max Fleischer, Austrian-American animator and producer (d. 1972)
    • 1886 – Michael Fekete, Hungarian-Israeli mathematician and academic (d. 1957)
    • 1888 – Enno Lolling, German physician (d. 1945)
    • 1890 – George II of Greece (d. 1947)
    • 1892 – Dick Irvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1957)
    • 1893 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian actor, playwright, and poet (d. 1930)
    • 1894 – Aleksandr Khinchin, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1959)
    • 1894 – Khawaja Nazimuddin, Bangladeshi-Pakistani politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1965)
    • 1894 – Percy Spencer, American physicist and inventor of the microwave oven (d. 1969)
    • 1895 – Xu Beihong, Chinese painter and academic (d. 1953)
    • 1896 – Reginald Baker, English film producer (d. 1985)
    • 1896 – A. J. Cronin, Scottish physician and novelist (d. 1981)
    • 1896 – Bob Meusel, American baseball player and sailor (d. 1977)
    • 1898 – Herbert Marcuse, German-American sociologist and philosopher (d. 1979)
    • 1899 – Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay, Indian physician, author, poet, and playwright (d. 1979)
    • 1902 – Samudrala Raghavacharya, Indian singer, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1968)
    • 1904 – Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, American lawyer and farmer (d. 1985)
    • 1907 – Isabel Jewell, American actress (d. 1972)
    • 1908 – Daniel Fry, American contactee (d. 1992)
    • 1909 – Balamani Amma, Indian poet and author (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – Peter Leo Gerety, American prelate (d. 2016)
    • 1914 – Marius Russo, American baseball player (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Åke Hellman, Finnish painter (d. 2017)
    • 1916 – Phil Cavarretta, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
    • 1917 – William Scranton, American captain and politician, 13th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Patricia Medina, English-American actress (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Miltos Sachtouris, Greek poet and author (d. 2005)
    • 1919 – Ron Searle, English-Canadian soldier, publisher, and politician, 4th Mayor of Mississauga (d. 2015)
    • 1920 – Robert Mann, American violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2018)
    • 1920 – Richard Oriani, Salvadoran-American metallurgist and engineer (d. 2015)
    • 1921 – Harold Camping, American evangelist, author, radio host (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – André Moynet, French soldier, race car driver, and politician (d. 1993)
    • 1921 – Elizabeth Spencer, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 2019)
    • 1921 – Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – George McGovern, American lieutenant, historian, and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1922 – Rachel Robinson, American professor, registered nurse, and the widow of baseball player Jackie Robinson
    • 1923 – Theo Barker, English historian (d. 2001)
    • 1923 – Alex Hannum, American basketball player and coach (d. 2002)
    • 1923 – Joseph Hansen, American author and poet (d. 2004)
    • 1923 – William A. Rusher, American lawyer and journalist (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Lon Simmons, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
    • 1924 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 40th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Pat Hingle, American actor and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1924 – Arthur Rankin Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Sue Thompson, American singer
    • 1926 – Helen Gallagher, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1928 – Samuel John Hazo, American author
    • 1928 – Choi Yun-chil, South Korean long-distance runner and a two-time national champion in the marathon.
    • 1929 – Gaston Glock, Austrian engineer and businessman, co-founded Glock Ges.m.b.H.
    • 1929 – Orville Turnquest, Bahamian politician
    • 1932 – Buster Benton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
    • 1932 – Jan Lindblad, Swedish biologist and photographer (d. 1987)
    • 1934 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 111th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980)
    • 1935 – Nick Koback, American baseball player and golfer (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – David Colquhoun, English pharmacologist and academic
    • 1937 – George Hamilton IV, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2014)
    • 1938 – Richard Jordan, American actor (d. 1993)
    • 1938 – Jayant Narlikar, Indian astrophysicist and astronomer
    • 1938 – Tom Raworth, English poet and academic (d. 2017)
    • 1941 – Vikki Carr, American singer and actress
    • 1941 – Neelie Kroes, Dutch politician and diplomat, European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society
    • 1943 – Han Sai Por, Singaporean sculptor and academic
    • 1944 – Tim McIntire, American actor and singer (d. 1986)
    • 1944 – Andres Vooremaa, Estonian chess player
    • 1945 – Paule Baillargeon, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
    • 1946 – Alan Gorrie, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician (Average White Band)
    • 1946 – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player and politician
    • 1947 – André Forcier, Canadian director and screenwriter
    • 1947 – Hans-Jürgen Kreische, German footballer and manager
    • 1947 – Bernie Leadon, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1947 – Brian May, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and astrophysicist
    • 1948 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 1980)
    • 1949 – Kgalema Motlanthe, South African politician, 3rd President of South Africa
    • 1950 – Per-Kristian Foss, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Finance
    • 1950 – Freddy Moore, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1950 – Adrian Noble, English director and screenwriter
    • 1951 – Abel Ferrara, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Allen Collins, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1990)
    • 1952 – Jayne Anne Phillips American novelist and short story writer
    • 1954 – Mark O’Donnell, American playwright (d. 2012)
    • 1954 – Steve O’Donnell, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1954 – Srđa Trifković, Serbian-American journalist and historian
    • 1955 – Roger Binny, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1955 – Dalton McGuinty, Canadian lawyer and politician, 24th Premier of Ontario
    • 1956 – Mark Crispin, American computer scientist, designed the IMAP (d. 2012)
    • 1958 – Brad Drewett, Australian tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2013)
    • 1958 – Robert Gibson, American wrestler
    • 1958 – David Robertson, American conductor
    • 1959 – Juan J. Campanella, Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Atom Egoyan, Egyptian-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Kevin Haskins, English drummer and songwriter
    • 1961 – Harsha Bhogle, Indian journalist and author
    • 1961 – Maria Filatova, Russian gymnast
    • 1961 – Lisa Lampanelli, American comedian, actress, and author
    • 1961 – Benoît Mariage, Belgian director and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Hideo Nakata, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Campbell Scott, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1962 – Anthony Edwards, American actor and director
    • 1963 – Thomas Gabriel Fischer, Swiss musician
    • 1963 – Garth Nix, Australian author
    • 1964 – Teresa Edwards, American basketball player
    • 1964 – Masahiko Kondō, Japanese singer-songwriter and race car driver
    • 1965 – Evelyn Glennie, Scottish musician
    • 1965 – Claus-Dieter Wollitz, German footballer and manager
    • 1967 – Yael Abecassis, Israeli model and actress
    • 1967 – Jean-François Mercier, Canadian comedian, screenwriter, and television host
    • 1968 – Robb Flynn, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1968 – Pavel Kuka, Czech footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Jim Norton, American comedian, actor, and author
    • 1969 – Matthew Libatique, American cinematographer
    • 1970 – Bill Chen, American poker player and software designer
    • 1970 – Nicola Sturgeon, Scottish lawyer and politician, First Minister of Scotland
    • 1971 – Rene Busch, Estonian tennis player and coach
    • 1971 – Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politician, Mayor of Kiev
    • 1971 – Michael Modest, American wrestler
    • 1971 – Catriona Rowntree, Australian television host
    • 1971 – Lesroy Weekes, Montserratian cricketer
    • 1972 – Ebbe Sand, Danish footballer and manager
    • 1973 – Martin Powell, English keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1973 – Scott Walker, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1974 – Rey Bucanero, Mexican wrestler
    • 1974 – Francisco Copado, German footballer and manager
    • 1974 – Josée Piché, Canadian ice dancer
    • 1974 – Vince Spadea, American tennis player
    • 1974 – Preston Wilson, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Luca Castellazzi, Italian footballer
    • 1976 – Benedict Cumberbatch, English actor
    • 1976 – Gonzalo de los Santos, Uruguayan footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Jean-Sébastien Aubin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Tony Mamaluke, American wrestler and manager
    • 1977 – Ed Smith, English cricketer and journalist
    • 1979 – Rick Ankiel, American baseball player
    • 1979 – Josué Anunciado de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
    • 1979 – Dilhara Fernando, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1979 – Luke Young, English footballer
    • 1980 – Xavier Malisse, Belgian tennis player
    • 1980 – Giorgio Mondini, Italian race car driver
    • 1981 – Nenê, Brazilian footballer
    • 1981 – David Bernard, Jamaican cricketer
    • 1981 – Mark Gasnier, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1981 – Jimmy Gobble, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Grégory Vignal, French footballer
    • 1982 – Christopher Bear, American drummer
    • 1982 – Phil Coke, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Jared Padalecki, American actor
    • 1982 – Jess Vanstrattan, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Helen Skelton, English television host and actress
    • 1983 – Fedor Tyutin, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Andrea Libman, Canadian voice actress
    • 1984 – Adam Morrison, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Ryan O’Byrne, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Lewis Price, Welsh footballer
    • 1985 – LaMarcus Aldridge, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Zhou Haibin, Chinese footballer
    • 1985 – Marina Kuzina, Russian basketball player
    • 1985 – Hadi Norouzi, Iranian footballer (d. 2015)
    • 1986 – Leandro Greco, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Jon Jones, American mixed martial artist
    • 1987 – Marc Murphy, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Shane Dawson, American comedian and actor
    • 1988 – Kevin Großkreutz, German footballer
    • 1988 – Jakub Kovář, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1989 – Sam McKendry, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1991 – Eray İşcan, Turkish footballer
    • 1992 – Jake Nicholson, English footballer
    • 1994 – Christian Welch, Australian rugby league player
    • 1998 – Erin Cuthbert, footballer
    • 1998 – Ronaldo Vieira, Bissau-Guinean footballer

    Deaths on July 19

    • 514 – Symmachus, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 806 – Li Shigu, Chinese general (b. 778)
    • 973 – Kyunyeo, Korean monk and poet (b. 917)
    • 998 – Damian Dalassenos, Byzantine general (b. 940)
    • 1030 – Adalberon, French bishop
    • 1234 – Floris IV, Dutch nobleman (b. 1210)
    • 1249 – Jacopo Tiepolo, doge of Venice
    • 1333 – John Campbell, Scottish nobleman
    • 1333 – Alexander Bruce, Scottish nobleman
    • 1333 – Sir Archibald Douglas, Scottish nobleman
    • 1333 – Maol Choluim II, Scottish nobleman
    • 1333 – Kenneth de Moravia, 4th Earl of Sutherland
    • 1374 – Petrarch, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1304)
    • 1415 – Philippa of Lancaster, Portuguese queen (b. 1360)
    • 1543 – Mary Boleyn, English daughter of Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire (b. 1499)
    • 1631 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher and academic (b. 1550)
    • 1742 – William Somervile, English poet and author (b. 1675)
    • 1810 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Prussian queen (b. 1776)
    • 1814 – Matthew Flinders, English navigator and cartographer (b. 1774)
    • 1824 – Agustín de Iturbide, Mexican general and emperor (b. 1783)
    • 1838 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist and chemist (b. 1785)
    • 1850 – Margaret Fuller, American journalist and critic (b. 1810)
    • 1855 – Konstantin Batyushkov, Russian poet and translator (b. 1787)
    • 1857 – Stefano Franscini, Swiss statistician and politician (b. 1796)
    • 1878 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1847)
    • 1896 – Abraham H. Cannon, American publisher and religious leader (b. 1859)
    • 1913 – Clímaco Calderón, Colombian lawyer and politician, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1852)
    • 1925 – John Indermaur, British lawyer (b. 1851)
    • 1930 – Robert Stout, Scottish-New Zealand politician, 13th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1844)
    • 1933 – Kaarle Krohn, Finnish historian and academic (b. 1863)
    • 1939 – Rose Hartwick Thorpe, American poet and author (b. 1850)
    • 1943 – Yekaterina Budanova, Russian captain and pilot (b. 1916)
    • 1947 – U Razak, Burmese educator and politician (b. 1898)
    • 1947 – Aung San, Burmese general and politician (b. 1915)
    • 1947 – Lyuh Woon-hyung, South Korean politician (b. 1886)
    • 1963 – William Andrew, English priest (b. 1884)
    • 1965 – Syngman Rhee, South Korean journalist and politician, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875)
    • 1967 – Odell Shepard, American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (b. 1884)
    • 1969 – Stratis Myrivilis, Greek soldier and author (b. 1890)
    • 1974 – Ernő Schwarz, Hungarian-American soccer player and coach (b. 1904)
    • 1975 – Lefty Frizzell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1928)
    • 1977 – Karl Ristikivi, Estonian geographer, author, and poet (b. 1912)
    • 1980 – Margaret Craven, American journalist and author (b. 1901)
    • 1980 – Nihat Erim, Turkish jurist and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1912)
    • 1980 – Hans Morgenthau, German-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1904)
    • 1981 – Roger Doucet, Canadian tenor (b. 1919)
    • 1982 – Hugh Everett III, American physicist and mathematician (b. 1930)
    • 1984 – Faina Ranevskaya, Russian actress (b. 1896)
    • 1984 – Aziz Sami, Iraqi writer and translator (b. 1895)
    • 1985 – Janusz Zajdel, Polish author (b. 1938)
    • 1989 – Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish businessman and politician, President of the Republic of Poland (b. 1913)
    • 1990 – Eddie Quillan, American actor (b. 1907)
    • 1992 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian lawyer and judge (b. 1940)
    • 1994 – Victor Barbeau, Canadian author and academic (b. 1896)
    • 1998 – Elmer Valo, Polish-American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1921)
    • 2002 – Dave Carter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
    • 2002 – Alan Lomax, American historian, scholar, and activist (b. 1915)
    • 2003 – Bill Bright, American evangelist and author, founded the Campus Crusade for Christ (b. 1921)
    • 2003 – Pierre Graber, Swiss politician, President of the Swiss National Council (b. 1908)
    • 2004 – Sylvia Daoust, Canadian sculptor (b. 1902)
    • 2004 – J. Gordon Edwards, American entomologist, mountaineer, and DDT advocate (b. 1919)
    • 2004 – Francis A. Marzen, American priest, and journalist (b. 1924)
    • 2004 – Zenkō Suzuki, Japanese politician, 70th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Edward Bunker, American author and screenwriter (b. 1933)
    • 2006 – Jack Warden, American actor (b. 1920)
    • 2007 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1945)
    • 2007 – Roberto Fontanarrosa, Argentinian cartoonist (b. 1944)
    • 2008 – Dercy Gonçalves, Brazilian comedian and actress (b. 1907)
    • 2009 – Frank McCourt, American author and educator (b. 1930)
    • 2009 – Henry Surtees, English race car driver (b. 1991)
    • 2010 – Cécile Aubry, French actress, author, television screenwriter and director (b. 1928)
    • 2010 – Jon Cleary, Australian author and playwright (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Humayun Ahmed, Bangladeshi director and playwright (b. 1948)
    • 2012 – Tom Davis, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
    • 2012 – Mohammad Hassan Ganji, Iranian meteorologist and academic (b. 1912)
    • 2012 – Omar Suleiman, Egyptian general, and politician, 16th Vice President of Egypt (b. 1935)
    • 2012 – Sylvia Woods, American businesswoman, co-founded Sylvia’s Restaurant of Harlem (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Valiulla Yakupov, Islamic cleric (b. 1963)
    • 2013 – Mikhail Gorsheniov, Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1973)
    • 2013 – Geeto Mongol, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Mel Smith, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
    • 2013 – Bert Trautmann, German footballer and manager (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – Phil Woosnam, Welsh-American soccer player and manager (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Peter Ziegler, Swiss geologist and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2013 – Leyla Erbil, Turkish author (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Rubem Alves, Brazilian theologian (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – David Easton, Canadian-American political scientist and academic (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician and author (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – James Garner, American actor (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Jerzy Jurka, Polish biologist (b. 1950)
    • 2014 – Ray King, English footballer and manager (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Ingemar Odlander, Swedish journalist (b. 1936)
    • 2014 – Harry Pougher, English cricketer (b. 1941)
    • 2014 – Leen Vleggeert, Dutch politician (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – John Winkin, American baseball player, coach, and journalist (b. 1919)
    • 2015 – Van Alexander, American composer and conductor (b. 1915)
    • 2015 – Galina Prozumenshchikova, Ukrainian-Russian swimmer and journalist (b. 1948)
    • 2015 – Carmino Ravosa, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Gennadiy Seleznyov, Russian journalist and politician, 2nd Speaker of the Duma (b. 1947)
    • 2016 – Garry Marshall, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1934)
    • 2018 – Jon Schnepp, American producer, director, voice actor, editor, writer, cartoonist, animator, and cinematographer (b. 1967)
    • 2018 – Denis Ten, Kazakhstani figure skater (b. 1993)
    • 2019 – Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor, director, and producer (b. 1944)

    Holidays and observances on July 19

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arsenius (Catholic Church)
      • Bernold, Bishop of Utrecht
      • Justa and Rufina
      • Kirdjun (or Abakerazum)
      • Macrina the Younger, Sister of St. Basil the Great
      • Symmachus
      • July 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Martyrs’ Day (Myanmar)
    • Sandinista Day or Liberation Day (Nicaragua)

  • July 6 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 371 BC – The Battle of Leuctra shatters Sparta’s reputation of military invincibility.
    • 640 – Battle of Heliopolis: The Muslim Arab army under ‘Amr ibn al-‘As defeat the Byzantine forces near Heliopolis (Egypt).
    • 1253 – Mindaugas is crowned King of Lithuania.
    • 1348 – Pope Clement VI issues a papal bull protecting the Jews accused of having caused the Black Death.
    • 1411 – Ming China’s Admiral Zheng He returns to Nanjing after the third treasure voyage and presents the Sinhalese king, captured during the Ming–Kotte War, to the Yongle Emperor.
    • 1415 – Jan Hus is condemned by the assembly of the council in the cathedral as a heretic and sentenced to be burned at the stake. (See Deaths section.)
    • 1438 – A temporary compromise between the rebellious Transylvanian peasants and the noblemen is signed in Kolozsmonostor Abbey.
    • 1483 – Richard III is crowned King of England.
    • 1484 – Portuguese sea captain Diogo Cão finds the mouth of the Congo River.
    • 1495 – First Italian War: Battle of Fornovo: Charles VIII defeats the Holy League.
    • 1535 – Sir Thomas More is executed for treason against King Henry VIII of England.
    • 1557 – King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I of England, sets out from Dover to war with France, which eventually resulted in the loss of the City of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again.
    • 1560 – The Treaty of Edinburgh is signed by Scotland and England.
    • 1573 – Córdoba, Argentina, is founded by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera.
    • 1573 – French Wars of Religion: Siege of La Rochelle ends.
    • 1614 – Raid on Żejtun: The south east of Malta, and the town of Żejtun, suffer a raid from Ottoman forces. This was the last unsuccessful attempt by the Ottomans to conquer the island of Malta.
    • 1630 – Thirty Years’ War: Four thousand Swedish troops under Gustavus Adolphus land in Pomerania, Germany.
    • 1685 – Battle of Sedgemoor: Last battle of the Monmouth Rebellion. troops of King James II defeat troops of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth.
    • 1751 – Pope Benedict XIV suppresses the Patriarchate of Aquileia and establishes from its territory the Archdiocese of Udine and Gorizia.
    • 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: After a bombardment by British artillery under General John Burgoyne, American forces retreat from Fort Ticonderoga, New York.
    • 1779 – Battle of Grenada: The French defeat British naval forces during the American Revolutionary War.
    • 1801 – First Battle of Algeciras: Outnumbered French Navy ships defeat the Royal Navy in the fortified Spanish port of Algeciras.
    • 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Wagram; France defeats the Austrian army in the largest battle to date of the Napoleonic Wars.
    • 1854 – In Jackson, Michigan, the first convention of the United States Republican Party is held.
    • 1885 – Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies on Joseph Meister, a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.
    • 1887 – David Kalākaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, is forced to sign the Bayonet Constitution, which transfers much of the king’s authority to the Legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
    • 1892 – Three thousand eight hundred striking steelworkers engage in a day-long battle with Pinkerton agents during the Homestead Strike, leaving ten dead and dozens wounded.
    • 1917 – World War I: Arabian troops led by T. E. Lawrence (“Lawrence of Arabia”) and Auda ibu Tayi capture Aqaba from the Ottoman Empire during the Arab Revolt.
    • 1918 – The Left SR uprising in Russia starts with the assassination of German ambassador Wilhelm von Mirbach by Cheka members.
    • 1919 – The British dirigible R34 lands in New York, completing the first crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by an airship.
    • 1933 – The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played in Chicago’s Comiskey Park. The American League defeated the National League 4–2.
    • 1936 – A major breach of the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal in England sends millions of gallons of water cascading 200 feet (61 m) into the River Irwell.
    • 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Battle of Brunete: The battle begins with Spanish Republican troops going on the offensive against the Nationalists to relieve pressure on Madrid.
    • 1939 – Anti-Jewish legislation in prewar Nazi Germany closes the last remaining Jewish enterprises.
    • 1940 – Story Bridge, a major landmark in Brisbane, as well as Australia’s longest cantilever bridge is formally opened.
    • 1941 – The German army launches its offensive to encircle several Soviet armies near Smolensk.
    • 1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the “Secret Annexe” above her father’s office in an Amsterdam warehouse.
    • 1944 – Jackie Robinson refuses to move to the back of a bus, leading to a court-martial.
    • 1944 – The Hartford circus fire, one of America’s worst fire disasters, kills approximately 168 people and injures over 700 in Hartford, Connecticut.
    • 1947 – Referendum held in Sylhet to decide its fate in the Partition of India.
    • 1947 – The AK-47 goes into production in the Soviet Union.
    • 1957 – Althea Gibson wins the Wimbledon championships, becoming the first black athlete to do so.
    • 1957 – John Lennon and Paul McCartney meet for the first time, as teenagers at Woolton Fete, three years before forming the Beatles.
    • 1962 – As a part of Operation Plowshare, the Sedan nuclear test takes place.
    • 1962 – The Late Late Show, the world’s longest-running chat show by the same broadcaster, airs on RTÉ One for the first time.
    • 1964 – Malawi declares its independence from the United Kingdom.
    • 1966 – Malawi becomes a republic, with Hastings Banda as its first President.
    • 1967 – Nigerian Civil War: Nigerian forces invade Biafra, beginning the war.
    • 1975 – The Comoros declares independence from France.
    • 1986 – Davis Phinney becomes the first American cyclist to win a road stage of the Tour de France.
    • 1988 – The Piper Alpha drilling platform in the North Sea is destroyed by explosions and fires. One hundred sixty-seven oil workers are killed, making it the world’s worst offshore oil disaster in terms of direct loss of life.
    • 1989 – The Tel Aviv–Jerusalem bus 405 suicide attack: Sixteen bus passengers are killed when a member of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad took control of the bus and drove it over a cliff.
    • 1990 – The Electronic Frontier Foundation is founded.
    • 1995 – In the Bosnian War, under the command of General Ratko Mladić, Serbia begins its attack on the Bosnian town of Srebrenica.
    • 1997 – The Troubles: In response to the Drumcree dispute, five days of mass protests, riots and gun battles begin in Irish nationalist districts of Northern Ireland.
    • 1998 – Hong Kong International Airport opens in Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong, replacing Kai Tak Airport as the city’s international airport.
    • 2003 – The 70-metre Yevpatoria Planetary Radar sends a METI message (Cosmic Call 2) to five stars: Hip 4872, HD 245409, 55 Cancri (HD 75732), HD 10307 and 47 Ursae Majoris (HD 95128). The messages will arrive to these stars in 2036, 2040, 2044, and 2049, respectively.
    • 2006 – The Nathu La pass between India and China, sealed during the Sino-Indian War, re-opens for trade after 44 years.
    • 2013 – At least 42 people are killed in a shooting at a school in Yobe State, Nigeria.
    • 2013 – A Boeing 777 operating as Asiana Airlines Flight 214 crashes at San Francisco International Airport, killing three and injuring 181 of the 307 people on board.
    • 2013 – A 73-car oil train derails in the town of Lac-Mégantic, Quebec and explodes into flames, killing at least 47 people and destroying more than 30 buildings in the town’s central area.

    Births on July 6

    • 1387 – Queen Blanche I of Navarre (d. 1441)
    • 1423 – Antonio Manetti, Italian mathematician and architect (d. 1497)
    • 1580 – Johann Stobäus, German lute player and composer (d. 1646)
    • 1623 – Jacopo Melani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1676)
    • 1678 – Nicola Francesco Haym, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1729)
    • 1686 – Antoine de Jussieu, French biologist and academic (d. 1758)
    • 1701 – Mary, Countess of Harold, English aristocrat and philanthropist (d. 1785)
    • 1736 – Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (d. 1802)
    • 1747 – John Paul Jones, Scottish-American captain (d. 1792)
    • 1766 – Alexander Wilson, Scottish-American poet, ornithologist, and illustrator (d. 1813)
    • 1781 – Stamford Raffles, English politician, founded Singapore (d. 1826)
    • 1782 – Maria Luisa of Spain (d. 1824)
    • 1785 – William Hooker, English botanist and academic (d. 1865)
    • 1789 – María Isabella of Spain (d. 1846)
    • 1796 – Nicholas I of Russia (d. 1855)
    • 1797 – Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey (d. 1869)
    • 1799 – Louisa Caroline Huggins Tuthill, American author (d. 1879)
    • 1817 – Albert von Kölliker, Swiss anatomist and physiologist (d. 1905)
    • 1818 – Adolf Anderssen, German chess player (d. 1879)
    • 1823 – Sophie Adlersparre, Swedish publisher, writer, and women’s rights activist (d. 1895)
    • 1829 – Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1880)
    • 1831 – Sylvester Pennoyer, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Oregon (d. 1902)
    • 1832 – Maximilian I of Mexico (d. 1867)
    • 1837 – R. G. Bhandarkar, Indian orientalist and scholar (d. 1925)
    • 1838 – Vatroslav Jagić, Croatian philologist and scholar (d. 1923)
    • 1840 – José María Velasco Gómez, Mexican painter and academic (d. 1912)
    • 1843 – John Downer, Australian politician, 16th Premier of South Australia (d. 1915)
    • 1856 – George Howard Earle, Jr., American lawyer and businessman (d. 1928)
    • 1858 – William Irvine, Irish-Australian politician, 21st Premier of Victoria (d. 1943)
    • 1865 – Émile Jaques-Dalcroze, Swiss composer and educator (d. 1950)
    • 1868 – Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom (d. 1935)
    • 1873 – Dimitrios Maximos, Greek banker and politician, 140th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1955)
    • 1877 – Arnaud Massy, French golfer (d. 1950)
    • 1878 – Eino Leino, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1926)
    • 1883 – Godfrey Huggins, Prime Minister of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (d. 1971)
    • 1884 – Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, American businessman and sailor (d. 1970)
    • 1885 – Ernst Busch, German field marshal (d. 1945)
    • 1886 – Marc Bloch, French historian and academic (d. 1944)
    • 1887 – Marc Chagall, Belarusian-French painter and poet (d. 1985)
    • 1887 – Annette Kellerman, Australian swimmer and actress (d. 1975)
    • 1890 – Dhan Gopal Mukerji, Indian-American author and scholar (d. 1936)
    • 1892 – Will James, American author and illustrator (d. 1942)
    • 1897 – Richard Krautheimer, German-American historian and scholar (d. 1994)
    • 1898 – Hanns Eisler, German-Austrian soldier and composer (d. 1962)
    • 1899 – Susannah Mushatt Jones, American supercentarian (d. 2016)
    • 1900 – Frederica Sagor Maas, American author and screenwriter (d. 2012)
    • 1900 – Elfriede Wever, German Olympic runner (d. 1941)
    • 1903 – Hugo Theorell, Swedish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
    • 1904 – Robert Whitney, American conductor and composer (d. 1986)
    • 1904 – Erik Wickberg, Swedish 9th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Juan O’Gorman, Mexican painter and architect (d. 1982)
    • 1907 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (d. 1954)
    • 1907 – George Stanley, Canadian soldier, historian, and author, designed the flag of Canada (d. 2002)
    • 1908 – Anton Muttukumaru, Sri Lankan general and diplomat (d. 2001)
    • 1909 – Eric Reece, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of Tasmania (d. 1999)
    • 1910 – René Le Grèves, French cyclist (d. 1946)
    • 1911 – June Gale, American actress (d. 1996)
    • 1912 – Heinrich Harrer, Austrian geographer and mountaineer (d. 2006)
    • 1912 – Molly Yard, American feminist (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Vance Trimble, American journalist and author
    • 1914 – Vince McMahon Sr., American wrestling promoter, founded WWE (d. 1984)
    • 1914 – Ernest Kirkendall, American chemist and metallurgist (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Leonard Birchall, Royal Canadian Air Force pilot (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – Harold Norse, American poet and author (d. 2009)
    • 1916 – Don R. Christensen, American animator, cartoonist, illustrator, writer and inventor (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Arthur Lydiard, New Zealand runner and coach (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Sebastian Cabot, English-Canadian actor (d. 1977)
    • 1918 – Herm Fuetsch, American professional basketball player (d. 2010)
    • 1918 – Francisco Moncion, Dominican-American ballet dancer, charter member of the New York City Ballet (d.1995)
    • 1919 – Ernst Haefliger, Swiss tenor and educator (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Edward Kenna, Australian Second World War recipient of the Victoria Cross (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Ray Dowker, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2004)
    • 1921 – Allan MacEachen, Canadian economist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2017)
    • 1921 – Billy Mauch, American actor (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Bobby Mauch, American actor (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – Nancy Reagan, American actress and activist, 42nd First Lady of the United States (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – William Schallert, American actor; president (1979–81) of the Screen Actors Guild (d. 2016)
    • 1923 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish general and politician, 1st President of Poland (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Mahim Bora, Indian writer and educationist, recipients of the Padma Shri, India’s fourth highest civilian honour (d. 2016)
    • 1924 – Louie Bellson, American drummer, composer, and bandleader (d. 2009)
    • 1925 – Merv Griffin, American actor, singer, and producer, created Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy! (d. 2007)
    • 1925 – Bill Haley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1981)
    • 1925 – Gazi Yaşargil, Turkish neurosurgeon and academic
    • 1926 – Sulev Vahtre, Estonian historian and academic (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Armando Silvestre, Mexican-American actor
    • 1927 – Jan Hein Donner, Dutch chess player and journalist (d. 1988)
    • 1927 – Janet Leigh, American actress and author (d. 2004)
    • 1928 – Bernard Malgrange, French mathematician
    • 1929 – Hélène Carrère d’Encausse, French politician historian
    • 1930 – George Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1930 – Ian Burgess, English racing driver (d. 2012)
    • 1931 – Della Reese, American actress and singer (d. 2017)
    • 1931 – László Tábori, Hungarian runner and coach (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Herman Hertzberger, Dutch architect and academic
    • 1935 – Candy Barr, American model, dancer, and actress (d. 2005)
    • 1935 – Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama
    • 1936 – Dave Allen, Irish comedian, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2005)
    • 1937 – Vladimir Ashkenazy, Russian-Icelandic pianist and conductor
    • 1937 – Ned Beatty, American actor
    • 1937 – Gene Chandler, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1937 – Bessie Head, Botswanan writer
    • 1937 – Michael Sata, Zambian police officer and politician, 5th President of Zambia (d. 2014)
    • 1939 – Jet Harris, English bass player (d. 2011)
    • 1939 – Mary Peters, English-Irish pentathlete and shot putter
    • 1939 – Bruce Hunter, American swimmer (d. 2018)
    • 1940 – Jeannie Seely, Grammy Award-winning country music singer-songwriter and Grand Ole Opry member
    • 1940 – Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakh politician, 1st President of Kazakhstan
    • 1941 – David Crystal, British linguist, author, and academic
    • 1941 – Reinhard Roder, German footballer and manager
    • 1943 – Tamara Sinyavskaya, Russian soprano
    • 1944 – Gunhild Hoffmeister, German runner
    • 1946 – George W. Bush, American businessman and politician, 43rd President of the United States
    • 1946 – Fred Dryer, American football player and actor
    • 1946 – Peter Singer, Australian philosopher and academic
    • 1946 – Sylvester Stallone, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – Roy Señeres, Filipino diplomat and politician (d. 2016)
    • 1948 – Nathalie Baye, French actress
    • 1948 – Jean-Pierre Blackburn, Canadian academic and politician, 26th Canadian Minister of Veterans Affairs
    • 1948 – Brad Park, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1949 – Noli de Castro, Filipino journalist and politician, 14th Vice President of the Philippines
    • 1949 – Phyllis Hyman, American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 1995)
    • 1949 – Michael Shrieve, American composer, drummer, and percussionist
    • 1950 – John Byrne, English-American author and illustrator
    • 1951 – Lorna Golding, Former First Lady of Jamaica
    • 1951 – Geoffrey Rush, Australian actor and producer
    • 1952 – Hilary Mantel, English author and critic
    • 1953 – Nanci Griffith, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1953 – Kaiser Kalambo, Zambian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1953 – Robert Ménard, French politician and former journalist
    • 1954 – Allyce Beasley, American actress
    • 1954 – Willie Randolph, American baseball player and manager
    • 1958 – Jennifer Saunders, English actress, comedian and screenwriter
    • 1959 – Richard Dacoury, French basketball player
    • 1960 – Maria Wasiak, Polish businesswoman and politician, Polish Minister of Infrastructure and Development
    • 1961 – Robin Antin, American dancer, choreographer, and businesswoman
    • 1962 – Todd Bennett, English runner and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1962 – Peter Hedges, American author, screenwriter, and director
    • 1967 – Heather Nova, Bermudian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1970 – Inspectah Deck, American rapper and producer
    • 1970 – Martin Smith, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1972 – Daniel Andrews, Australian politician, 48th Premier of Victoria
    • 1972 – Laurent Gaudé, French author and playwright
    • 1972 – Greg Norton, American baseball player and coach
    • 1972 – Zhanna Pintusevich-Block, Ukrainian sprinter
    • 1974 – Zé Roberto, Brazilian footballer
    • 1975 – 50 Cent, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1975 – Sebastián Rulli, Argentine-Mexican actor and model
    • 1975 – Amir-Abbas Fakhravar, Iranian journalist and activist
    • 1976 – Rory Delap, English-Irish footballer
    • 1976 – Ioana Dumitriu, Romanian-American mathematician and academic
    • 1977 – Max Mirnyi, Belarusian tennis player
    • 1977 – Makhaya Ntini, South African cricketer
    • 1978 – Adam Busch, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1978 – Tamera Mowry, American actress and producer
    • 1978 – Tia Mowry, American actress and producer
    • 1978 – Kevin Senio, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1979 – Nic Cester, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – Kevin Hart, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Joell Ortiz, American rapper
    • 1980 – Eva Green, French actress and model
    • 1981 – Nnamdi Asomugha, American football player
    • 1981 – Roman Shirokov, Russian footballer
    • 1982 – Brandon Jacobs, American football player
    • 1982 – Misty Upham, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1983 – Gregory Smith, Canadian actor, director, and producer
    • 1984 – Zhang Hao, Chinese figure skater
    • 1985 – Ranveer Singh, Indian film actor
    • 1986 – David Karp, American businessman, founded Tumblr
    • 1987 – Sophie Auster, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1987 – Manteo Mitchell, American runner
    • 1987 – Kate Nash, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1987 – Caroline Trentini, Brazilian model
    • 1988 – Kevin Fickentscher, Swiss footballer
    • 1990 – Magaye Gueye, French footballer
    • 1992 – Manny Machado, Dominican-American baseball player

    Deaths on July 6

    • 371 BC – Cleombrotus I, Spartan king
    • 649 – Goar of Aquitaine, French bishop
    • 887 – Wang Chongrong, Chinese warlord
    • 918 – William I, duke of Aquitaine (b. 875)
    • 1017 – Genshin, Japanese scholar (b. 942)
    • 1070 – Godelieve, Flemish saint (b. 1049)
    • 1189 – Henry II, king of England (b. 1133)
    • 1218 – Odo III, duke of Burgundy (b. 1166)
    • 1249 – Alexander II, king of Scotland (b. 1198)
    • 1415 – Jan Hus, Czech priest, philosopher, and reformer (b. 1369)
    • 1476 – Regiomontanus, German mathematician and astrologer (b. 1436)
    • 1480 – Antonio Squarcialupi, Italian composer (b. 1416)
    • 1533 – Ludovico Ariosto, Italian poet and playwright (b. 1474)
    • 1535 – Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1478)
    • 1553 – Edward VI, king of England and Ireland (b. 1537)
    • 1583 – Edmund Grindal, English archbishop (b. 1519)
    • 1585 – Thomas Aufield, English priest and martyr (b. 1552)
    • 1614 – Man Singh I, Rajput Raja of Amer (b. 1550)
    • 1684 – Peter Gunning, English bishop (b. 1614)
    • 1758 – George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe, English general and politician (b. 1725)
    • 1768 – Conrad Beissel, German-American religious leader (b. 1690)
    • 1802 – Daniel Morgan, American general and politician (b. 1736)
    • 1809 – Antoine Charles Louis de Lasalle, French general (b. 1775)
    • 1813 – Granville Sharp, English activist (b. 1735)
    • 1815 – Samuel Whitbread, English politician (b. 1764)
    • 1835 – John Marshall, American captain and politician, 4th United States Secretary of State (b. 1755)
    • 1854 – Georg Ohm, German physicist and mathematician (b. 1789)
    • 1868 – Harada Sanosuke, Japanese captain (b. 1840)
    • 1893 – Guy de Maupassant, French short story writer, novelist, and poet (b. 1850)
    • 1901 – Chlodwig Carl Viktor, German prince and chancellor (b. 1819)
    • 1902 – Maria Goretti, Italian martyr and saint (b. 1890)
    • 1904 – Abai Qunanbaiuly, Kazakh poet and philosopher (b. 1845)
    • 1907 – August Johann Gottfried Bielenstein, German linguist and theologian (b. 1826)
    • 1916 – Odilon Redon, French painter and illustrator (b. 1840)
    • 1918 – Wilhelm von Mirbach, German diplomat (b. 1871)
    • 1922 – Maria Teresia Ledóchowska, Polish-Austrian nun and missionary (b. 1863)
    • 1932 – Kenneth Grahame, Scottish-English author (b. 1859)
    • 1934 – Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian commander (b. 1888)
    • 1946 – Horace Pippin, American painter (b. 1888)
    • 1947 – Adolfo Müller-Ury, Swiss-American painter (b. 1862)
    • 1952 – Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 14th Premier of Quebec (b. 1867)
    • 1959 – George Grosz, German painter and illustrator (b. 1893)
    • 1960 – Aneurin Bevan, Welsh-English politician, Secretary of State for Health (b. 1897)
    • 1961 – Scott LaFaro, American bassist (b. 1936)
    • 1961 – Woodall Rodgers, American lawyer and politician, Mayor of Dallas (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – Paul Boffa, Maltese soldier and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – William Faulkner, American novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1962 – Joseph August, archduke of Austria (b. 1872)
    • 1963 – George, duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1899)
    • 1964 – Claude V. Ricketts, American admiral (b. 1906)
    • 1966 – Sad Sam Jones, American baseball player and manager (b. 1892)
    • 1967 – Hilda Taba, Estonian architect and educator (b. 1902)
    • 1971 – Louis Armstrong, American singer and trumpet player (b. 1901)
    • 1973 – Otto Klemperer, German-American conductor and composer (b. 1885)
    • 1975 – Reşat Ekrem Koçu, Turkish historian, scholar, and poet (b. 1905)
    • 1976 – Zhu De, Chinese general and politician, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (b. 1886)
    • 1976 – Fritz Lenz, German geneticist and physician (b. 1887)
    • 1977 – Ödön Pártos, Hungarian-Israeli viola player and composer (b. 1907)
    • 1978 – Babe Paley, American socialite and fashion style icon (b. 1915)
    • 1979 – Van McCoy, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1940)
    • 1986 – Jagjivan Ram, Indian lawyer and politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of India (b. 1908)
    • 1989 – János Kádár, Hungarian mechanic and politician, Hungarian Minister of the Interior (b. 1912)
    • 1991 – Mudashiru Lawal, Nigerian footballer (b. 1954)
    • 1992 – Marsha P. Johnson, American drag queen performer and activist (b. 1945)
    • 1994 – Ahmet Haxhiu, Kosovan activist (b. 1932)
    • 1995 – Aziz Nesin, Turkish author and poet (b. 1915)
    • 1997 – Chetan Anand, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 1998 – Roy Rogers, American cowboy, actor, and singer (b. 1911)
    • 1999 – Joaquín Rodrigo, Spanish pianist and composer (b. 1901)
    • 2000 – Władysław Szpilman, Polish pianist and composer (b. 1911)
    • 2002 – Dhirubhai Ambani, Indian businessman, founded Reliance Industries (b. 1932)
    • 2002 – John Frankenheimer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2003 – Buddy Ebsen, American actor, singer, and dancer (b. 1908)
    • 2003 – Çelik Gülersoy, Turkish lawyer, historical preservationist, writer and poet (b. 1930)
    • 2004 – Thomas Klestil, Austrian politician, 10th President of Austria (b. 1932)
    • 2004 – Syreeta Wright, American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)
    • 2005 – Ed McBain, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2005 – Claude Simon, Malagasy-French novelist and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)
    • 2006 – Kasey Rogers, American actress (b. 1925)
    • 2007 – Kathleen E. Woodiwiss, American author (b. 1939)
    • 2009 – Vasily Aksyonov, Russian author and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2009 – Robert McNamara, American businessman and politician, 8th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1916)
    • 2010 – Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1929)
    • 2011 – Carly Hibberd, Australian road racing cyclist (b. 1985)
    • 2012 – Hani al-Hassan, Palestinian engineer and politician (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Lo Hsing Han, Burmese businessman, co-founded Asia World (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Alan J. Dixon, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 34th Illinois Secretary of State (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Jerry Weintraub, American film producer, and talent agent (b. 1937)
    • 2018 – Shoko Asahara, founder of Japanese cult group Aum Shinrikyo (b. 1955)
    • 2019 – João Gilberto, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist, pioneer of bossa nova music style (b. 1931)
    • 2020 – Charlie Daniels, American singer-songwriter, fiddle-player and guitarist (b. 1936)
    • 2020 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer, orchestrator, conductor, and trumpet player (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on July 6

    • The first day of San Fermín, which lasts until July 14. (Pamplona)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Maria Goretti
      • Romulus of Fiesole
      • July 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Cayman Islands)
    • Day of the Capital (Kazakhstan)
    • Independence Day (Comoros), celebrates the independence of the Comoros from France in 1975.
    • Independence Day (Malawi), celebrates the independence of Malawi from United Kingdom in 1964.
    • International Kissing Day (informally observed)
    • Jan Hus Day (Czech Republic)
    • Kupala Night (Poland, Russia, Belarus and Ukraine)
    • National Fried Chicken Day (United States)
    • Statehood Day (Lithuania)
    • Teachers’ Day (Peru)

  • June 26 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 4 AD – Augustus adopts Tiberius.
    • 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar.
    • 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sasanian Empire.
    • 684 – Pope Benedict II is chosen.
    • 699 – En no Ozuno, a Japanese mystic and apothecary who will later be regarded as the founder of a folk religion Shugendō, is banished to Izu Ōshima.
    • 1243 – Mongols defeat the Seljuk Turks at the Battle of Köse Dağ.
    • 1295 – Przemysł II crowned king of Poland, following Ducal period. The white eagle is added to the Polish coat of arms.
    • 1407 – Ulrich von Jungingen becomes Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.
    • 1409 – Western Schism: The Roman Catholic Church is led into a double schism as Petros Philargos is crowned Pope Alexander V after the Council of Pisa, joining Pope Gregory XII in Rome and Pope Benedict XII in Avignon.
    • 1460 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and Edward, Earl of March, land in England with a rebel army and march on London.
    • 1483 – Richard III becomes King of England.
    • 1522 – Ottomans begin the second Siege of Rhodes.
    • 1541 – Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego de Almagro the younger. Almagro is later caught and executed.
    • 1579 – Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory begins.
    • 1718 – Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia, Peter the Great’s son, mysteriously dies after being sentenced to death by his father for plotting against him.
    • 1723 – After a siege and bombardment by cannon, Baku surrenders to the Russians.
    • 1740 – A combined force of Spanish, free blacks and allied Indians defeat a British garrison at the Siege of Fort Mose near St. Augustine during the War of Jenkins’ Ear.
    • 1794 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Fleurus marked the first successful military use of aircraft.
    • 1830 – William IV becomes king of Britain and Hanover.
    • 1843 – Treaty of Nanking comes into effect, Hong Kong Island is ceded to the British “in perpetuity”.
    • 1848 – End of the June Days Uprising in Paris.
    • 1857 – The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.
    • 1870 – The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
    • 1886 – Henri Moissan isolated elemental Fluorine for the first time.
    • 1889 – Bangui is founded by Albert Dolisie and Alfred Uzac in what was then the upper reaches of the French Congo.
    • 1906 – The first Grand Prix motor race is held at Le Mans.
    • 1909 – The Science Museum in London comes into existence as an independent entity.
    • 1917 – World War I: The American Expeditionary Forces begin to arrive in France. They will first enter combat four months later.
    • 1918 – World War I: Allied forces under John J. Pershing and James Harbord defeat Imperial German forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince in the Battle of Belleau Wood.
    • 1924 – The American occupation of the Dominican Republic ends after eight years.
    • 1927 – The Cyclone roller coaster opens on Coney Island.
    • 1934 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Federal Credit Union Act, which establishes credit unions.
    • 1936 – Initial flight of the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first practical helicopter.
    • 1940 – World War II: Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Romania requiring it to cede Bessarabia and the northern part of Bukovina.
    • 1941 – World War II: Soviet planes bomb Kassa, Hungary (now Košice, Slovakia), giving Hungary the impetus to declare war the next day.
    • 1942 – The first flight of the Grumman F6F Hellcat.
    • 1944 – World War II: San Marino, a neutral state, is mistakenly bombed by the RAF based on faulty information, leading to 35 civilian deaths.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Osuchy in Osuchy, Poland, one of the largest battles between Nazi Germany and Polish resistance forces, ends with the defeat of the latter.
    • 1945 – The United Nations Charter is signed by 50 Allied nations in San Francisco, California.
    • 1948 – Cold War: The first supply flights are made in response to the Berlin Blockade.
    • 1948 – William Shockley files the original patent for the grown-junction transistor, the first bipolar junction transistor.
    • 1948 – Shirley Jackson’s short story The Lottery is published in The New Yorker magazine.
    • 1952 – The Pan-Malayan Labour Party is founded in Malaya, as a union of statewide labour parties.
    • 1953 – Lavrentiy Beria, head of MVD, is arrested by Nikita Khrushchev and other members of the Politburo.
    • 1955 – The South African Congress Alliance adopts the Freedom Charter at the Congress of the People in Kliptown.
    • 1959 – Swedish boxer Ingemar Johansson becomes world champion of heavy weight boxing, by defeating American Floyd Patterson on technical knockout after two minutes and three seconds in the third round at Yankee Stadium.
    • 1960 – The former British Protectorate of British Somaliland gains its independence as Somaliland.
    • 1960 – Madagascar gains its independence from France.
    • 1963 – Cold War: U.S. President John F. Kennedy gave his “Ich bin ein Berliner” speech, underlining the support of the United States for democratic West Germany shortly after Soviet-supported East Germany erected the Berlin Wall.
    • 1967 – Karol Wojtyła (later John Paul II) made a cardinal by Pope Paul VI.
    • 1974 – The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley’s chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio.
    • 1975 – Two FBI agents and a member of the American Indian Movement are killed in a shootout on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota; Leonard Peltier is later convicted of the murders in a controversial trial.
    • 1977 – Elvis Presley held his final concert in Indianapolis, Indiana at Market Square Arena.
    • 1978 – Air Canada Flight 189, flying to Toronto, overruns the runway and crashes into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of the 107 passengers on board perish.
    • 1991 – Yugoslav Wars: The Yugoslav People’s Army begins the Ten-Day War in Slovenia.
    • 1995 – Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani deposes his father Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, the Emir of Qatar, in a bloodless coup d’état.
    • 1997 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the Communications Decency Act violates the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.
    • 2000 – The Human Genome Project announces the completion of a “rough draft” sequence.
    • 2003 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Lawrence v. Texas that gender-based sodomy laws are unconstitutional.
    • 2006 – Mari Alkatiri, the first Prime Minister of East Timor, resigns after weeks of political unrest.
    • 2007 – Pope Benedict XVI reinstates the traditional laws of papal election in which a successful candidate must receive two-thirds of the votes.
    • 2008 – A suicide bomber dressed as an Iraqi policeman detonates an explosive vest, killing 25 people.
    • 2012 – The Waldo Canyon fire descends into the Mountain Shadows neighborhood in Colorado Springs burning 347 homes in a matter of hours and killing two people.
    • 2013 – Riots in China’s Xinjiang region kill at least 36 people and injure 21 others.
    • 2013 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled, 5–4, that Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act is unconstitutional and in violation of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
    • 2015 – Five different terrorist attacks in France, Tunisia, Somalia, Kuwait, and Syria occurred on what was dubbed Bloody Friday by international media. Upwards of 750 people were either killed or injured in these uncoordinated attacks.
    • 2015 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled, 5–4, that same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marriage under the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution.

    Births on June 26

    • 12 BC – Agrippa Postumus, Roman son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder (d. 14)
    • 1399 – John, Count of Angoulême (d. 1467)
    • 1575 – Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (d. 1612)
    • 1581 – San Pedro Claver, Spanish Jesuit saint (d. 1654)
    • 1600 – Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, Spanish-born bishop and viceroy of New Spain (d. 1659)
    • 1681 – Hedvig Sophia of Sweden (d. 1708)
    • 1689 – Edward Holyoke, American pastor and academic (d. 1769)
    • 1694 – Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (d. 1768)
    • 1699 – Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin, French businesswoman (d. 1777)
    • 1702 – Philip Doddridge, English hymn-writer and educator (d. 1751)
    • 1703 – Thomas Clap, American minister and academic (d. 1767)
    • 1726 – Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia (d. 1796)
    • 1730 – Charles Messier, French astronomer and academic (d. 1817)
    • 1764 – Jan Paweł Łuszczewski, Polish politician (d. 1812)
    • 1796 – Jan Paweł Lelewel, Polish painter and engineer (d. 1847)
    • 1798 – Wolfgang Menzel, German poet and critic (d. 1873)
    • 1817 – Branwell Brontë, English painter and poet (d. 1848)
    • 1819 – Abner Doubleday, American general (d. 1893)
    • 1821 – Bartolomé Mitre, Argentinian soldier, journalist, and politician, 6th President of Argentina (d. 1906)
    • 1824 – William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Irish-Scottish physicist and engineer (d. 1907)
    • 1835 – Thomas W. Knox, American journalist and author (d. 1896)
    • 1839 – Sam Watkins, American soldier and author (d. 1901)
    • 1852 – Daoud Corm, Lebanese painter (d. 1930)
    • 1854 – Robert Laird Borden, Canadian lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1937)
    • 1865 – Bernard Berenson, Lithuanian-American historian and author (d. 1959)
    • 1866 – George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English archaeologist and banker (d. 1923)
    • 1869 – Martin Andersen Nexø, Danish journalist and author (d. 1954)
    • 1878 – Leopold Löwenheim, German mathematician and logician (d. 1957)
    • 1880 – Mitchell Lewis, American actor (d. 1956)
    • 1881 – Ya’akov Cohen, Israeli linguist, poet, and playwright (d. 1960)
    • 1892 – Pearl S. Buck, American novelist, essayist, short story writer Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
    • 1893 – Dorothy Fuldheim, American journalist and news anchor(d. 1989)
    • 1895 – George Hainsworth, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (d. 1950)
    • 1898 – Willy Messerschmitt, German engineer and businessman (d. 1978)
    • 1898 – Chesty Puller, US general (d. 1971)
    • 1899 – Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
    • 1901 – Stuart Symington, American lieutenant and politician, 1st United States Secretary of the Air Force (d. 1988)
    • 1902 – Hugues Cuénod, Swiss tenor and educator (d. 2010)
    • 1903 – Big Bill Broonzy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1958)
    • 1904 – Frank Scott Hogg, Canadian astronomer and academic (d. 1951)
    • 1904 – Peter Lorre, Slovak-American actor and singer (d. 1964)
    • 1905 – Lynd Ward, American author and illustrator (d. 1985)
    • 1906 – Alberto Rabagliati, Italian singer (d. 1974)
    • 1906 – Viktor Schreckengost, American sculptor and educator (d. 2008)
    • 1907 – Debs Garms, American baseball player (d. 1984)
    • 1908 – Salvador Allende, Chilean physician and politician, 29th President of Chile (d. 1973)
    • 1909 – Colonel Tom Parker, Dutch-American talent manager (d. 1997)
    • 1909 – Wolfgang Reitherman, German-American animator, director, and producer (d. 1985)
    • 1911 – Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American golfer and basketball player (d. 1956)
    • 1911 – Bronisław Żurakowski, Polish pilot and engineer (d. 2009)
    • 1913 – Aimé Césaire, French poet, author, and politician (d. 2008)
    • 1913 – Maurice Wilkes, English computer scientist and physicist (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Laurie Lee, English author and poet (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark, European royalty (d. 2001)
    • 1915 – Paul Castellano, American gangster (d. 1985)
    • 1915 – George Haigh, English professional footballer (d. 2019)
    • 1915 – Charlotte Zolotow, American author and poet (d. 2013)
    • 1916 – Virginia Satir, American psychotherapist and author (d. 1988)
    • 1916 – Giuseppe Taddei, Italian actor and singer (d. 2010)
    • 1917 – Idriz Ajeti, Albanian albanologist (d. 2019)
    • 1918 – Leo Rosner, Polish-born Austrian Jewish musician (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Raleigh Rhodes, American combat fighter pilot (d. 2007)
    • 1918 – J. B. Fuqua, American entrepreneur and philanthropist (d. 2006)
    • 1919 – Richard Neustadt, American political scientist and academic (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – Jimmy Newberry, American pitcher (d. 1983)
    • 1919 – George Athan Billias, American historian (d. 2018)
    • 1919 – Donald M. Ashton, English art director (d. 2004)
    • 1920 – Jean-Pierre Roy, Canadian-American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Violette Szabo, French-British secret agent (d. 1945)
    • 1921 – Robert Everett, American computer scientist (d. 2018)
    • 1922 – Walter Farley, American author (d. 1989)
    • 1922 – Eleanor Parker, American actress (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Enzo Apicella, English artist, cartoonist, designer, and restaurateur (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Franz-Paul Decker, German conductor (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Ed Bearss, American veteran of World War II
    • 1924 – Kostas Axelos, Greek-French philosopher and author (d. 2010)
    • 1924 – James W. McCord Jr., CIA officer (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Pavel Belyayev, Russian soldier, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1970)
    • 1925 – Wolfgang Unzicker, German chess player (d. 2006)
    • 1925 – Jean Frydman, French resistant and businessman
    • 1926 – Kenny Baker, American fiddler (d.2011)
    • 1926 – Mahendra Bhatnagar, Indian poet
    • 1926 – Fernando Mönckeberg Barros, Chilean surgeon
    • 1926 – Dinu Zamfirescu, Romanian politician
    • 1927 – Robert Kroetsch, Canadian author and poet (d. 2011)
    • 1928 – Jacob Druckman, American composer and academic (d. 1996)
    • 1928 – Yoshiro Nakamatsu, Japanese inventor
    • 1928 – Bill Sheffield, American politician; 5th Governor of Alaska
    • 1928 – Samuel Belzberg, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2018)
    • 1929 – June Bronhill, Australian soprano and actress (d. 2005)
    • 1929 – Fred Bruemmer, Latvian-Canadian photographer and author (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Milton Glaser, American illustrator and graphic designer
    • 1930 – Jackie Fargo, American wrestler and trainer (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Wolfgang Schwanitz, East German secret police
    • 1931 – Colin Wilson, English philosopher and author (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Robert Colbert, American actor
    • 1932 – Dame Marguerite Pindling, Bahamian politician; Governor-General of the Bahamas
    • 1932 – Don Valentine, American venture capitalist (d. 2019)
    • 1933 – Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Gene Green, American baseball player (d. 1981)
    • 1933 – David Winnick, English politician
    • 1934 – Dave Grusin, American pianist and composer
    • 1934 – Toru Goto, Japanese swimmer
    • 1935 – Carlo Facetti, Italian race car driver
    • 1935 – Sandro Riminucci, Italian basketball player
    • 1935 – Dwight York, American singer
    • 1936 – Benjamin Adekunle, Nigerian general (d. 2014)
    • 1936 – Hal Greer, American basketball player (d. 2018)
    • 1936 – Robert Maclennan, Baron Maclennan of Rogart, Scottish politician (d. 2020)
    • 1936 – Edith Pearlman, American short story writer
    • 1936 – Jean-Claude Turcotte, Canadian cardinal (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – Nancy Willard, American author and poet (d. 2017)
    • 1937 – Robert Coleman Richardson, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Reggie Workman, American bassist and composer
    • 1938 – Neil Abercrombie, American sociologist and politician, 7th Governor of Hawaii
    • 1938 – Billy Davis Jr., American pop-soul singer
    • 1938 – Gerald North, American climatologist and academic
    • 1939 – Chuck Robb, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 64th Governor of Virginia
    • 1939 – Zainuddin Maidin, Malaysian politician (d. 2018)
    • 1941 – Yves Beauchemin, Canadian author and academic
    • 1942 – J.J. Dillon, American wrestler and manager
    • 1942 – Gilberto Gil, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and politician, Brazilian Minister of Culture
    • 1943 – Georgie Fame, English singer, pianist, and keyboard player
    • 1943 – Warren Farrell, American author and educator
    • 1944 – Gennady Zyuganov, Russian colonel and politician
    • 1946 – Candace Pert, American neuroscientist and pharmacologist (d. 2013)
    • 1949 – Fredric Brandt, American dermatologist and author (d. 2015)
    • 1949 – Adrian Gurvitz, English singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1949 – Mary Styles Harris, American biologist and geneticist
    • 1951 – Gary Gilmour, Australian cricketer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1952 – Gordon McQueen, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1952 – Olive Morris, Jamaican-English civil rights activist (d. 1979)
    • 1954 – Luis Arconada, Spanish footballer
    • 1955 – Mick Jones, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1955 – Gedde Watanabe, American actor
    • 1956 – Chris Isaak, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1956 – Catherine Samba-Panza, interim president of the Central African Republic
    • 1956 – Patrick Mercer, English colonel and politician
    • 1957 – Al Hunter Ashton, English actor and screenwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1957 – Philippe Couillard, Canadian surgeon and politician, 31st Premier of Quebec
    • 1957 – Patty Smyth, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1959 – Mark McKinney, Canadian actor and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Mark Durkan, Irish politician
    • 1961 – Greg LeMond, American cyclist
    • 1961 – Terri Nunn, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1962 – Jerome Kersey, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1963 – Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Russian-Swiss businessman and philanthropist
    • 1963 – Mark McClellan, American economist and politician
    • 1963 – Harriet Wheeler, English singer-songwriter
    • 1964 – Tommi Mäkinen, Finnish race car driver
    • 1966 – Dany Boon, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Kirk McLean, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1966 – Jürgen Reil, American drummer
    • 1967 – Inha Babakova, Ukrainian high jumper
    • 1967 – Olivier Dahan, French director and screenwriter
    • 1968 – Guðni Th. Jóhannesson, Icelandic lecturer and politician, 6th President of Iceland
    • 1968 – Paolo Maldini, Italian footballer
    • 1968 – Shannon Sharpe, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1969 – Colin Greenwood, English bass player and songwriter
    • 1969 – Ingrid Lempereur, Belgian swimmer
    • 1969 – Geir Moen, Norwegian sprinter
    • 1969 – Mike Myers, American baseball player
    • 1970 – Paul Thomas Anderson, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Paul Bitok, Kenyan runner
    • 1970 – Irv Gotti, American record producer, co-founded Murder Inc Records
    • 1970 – Sean Hayes, American actor
    • 1970 – Adam Ndlovu, Zimbabwean footballer
    • 1970 – Chris O’Donnell, American actor
    • 1970 – Nick Offerman, American actor
    • 1971 – Max Biaggi, Italian motorcycle racer
    • 1972 – Jai Taurima, Australian long jumper and police officer
    • 1973 – Gretchen Wilson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Derek Jeter, American baseball player
    • 1974 – Jason Kendall, American baseball player
    • 1975 – Chris Armstrong, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Terry Skiverton, English footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Ed Jovanovski, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Pommie Mbangwa, Zimbabwean cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Chad Pennington, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Dave Rubin, American political commentator
    • 1977 – Quincy Lewis, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Ryō Fukuda, Japanese race car driver
    • 1979 – Walter Herrmann, Argentinian basketball player
    • 1979 – Ryan Tedder, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
    • 1980 – Hamílton Hênio Ferreira Calheiros, Togolese footballer
    • 1980 – Michael Jackson, English footballer
    • 1980 – Jason Schwartzman, American singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor
    • 1980 – Chris Shelton, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Michael Vick, American football player
    • 1981 – Natalya Antyukh, Russian sprinter and hurdler
    • 1981 – Paolo Cannavaro, Italian footballer
    • 1981 – Kanako Kondō, Japanese voice actress and singer
    • 1981 – Takashi Toritani, Japanese baseball player
    • 1982 – Zuzana Kučová, Slovak tennis player
    • 1983 – Vinícius Rodrigues Almeida, Brazilian footballer
    • 1983 – Nick Compton, South African-English cricketer
    • 1983 – Toyonoshima Daiki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1983 – Felipe Melo, Brazilian footballer
    • 1983 – Antonio Rosati, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Indila, French singer
    • 1984 – José Juan Barea, Puerto Rican-American basketball player
    • 1984 – Yankuba Ceesay, Gambian footballer
    • 1984 – Elijah Dukes, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Raymond Felton, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Priscah Jeptoo, Kenyan runner
    • 1984 – Jūlija Tepliha, Latvian figure skater
    • 1984 – Deron Williams, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Preslava, Bulgarian singer
    • 1985 – Ogyen Trinley Dorje, Tibetan spiritual leader, 17th Karmapa Lama
    • 1986 – Duvier Riascos, Colombian footballer
    • 1987 – Carlos Iaconelli, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1987 – Samir Nasri, French footballer
    • 1988 – Oliver Stang, German footballer
    • 1990 – Belaynesh Oljira, Ethiopian runner
    • 1990 – Igor Subbotin, Estonian footballer
    • 1991 – Houssem Chemali, French footballer
    • 1991 – Diego Falcinelli, Italian footballer
    • 1991 – Dustin Martin, Australian rules footballer
    • 1992 – Joel Campbell, Costa Rican footballer
    • 1992 – Rudy Gobert, French basketball player
    • 1992 – Jennette McCurdy, American actress and singer-songwriter
    • 1993 – Ariana Grande, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
    • 1994 – Hollie Arnold, English javelin thrower
    • 1994 – Leonard Carow, German actor
    • 1997 – Baek Ye-rin, South Korean singer
    • 1997 – Callum Taylor, English cricketer
    • 2002 – Chandler Smith, American racing driver
    • 2009 – Yesha Camile, Filipino child actress

    Deaths on June 26

    • 116 BC – Ptolemy VIII, king of Egypt
    • 363 – Julian the Apostate, Roman emperor (b. 332)
    • 405 – Vigilius, bishop of Trent (b. 353)
    • 822 – Saichō, Japanese Buddhist monk (b. 767)
    • 969 – George El Mozahem, Egyptian martyr (b. 940)
    • 985 – Ramiro III, king of León
    • 1090 – Jaromír, bishop of Prague
    • 1095 – Robert, bishop of Hereford
    • 1265 – Anne of Bohemia, duchess of Silesia (b. 1203 or 1204)
    • 1274 – Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Persian scientist and writer (b. 1201)
    • 1487 – John Argyropoulos, Byzantine philosopher and scholar (b. 1415)
    • 1541 – Francisco Pizarro, Spanish explorer and politician, Governor of New Castile (b. c. 1471)
    • 1574 – Gabriel, comte de Montgomery, captain of the Scottish Guard of Henry II of France (b. 1530)
    • 1688 – Ralph Cudworth, English philosopher and academic (b. 1617)
    • 1752 – Giulio Alberoni, Spanish cardinal (b. 1664)
    • 1757 – Maximilian Ulysses Browne, Austrian field marshal (b. 1705)
    • 1784 – Caesar Rodney, American lawyer and politician, 4th Governor of Delaware (b. 1728)
    • 1793 – James Dickey, Irish revolutionary (b. 1776)
    • 1793 – Gilbert White, English ornithologist and ecologist (b. 1720)
    • 1795 – Johannes Jährig, German linguist and translator (b. 1747)
    • 1808 – Ludwik Tyszkiewicz, Polish poet and politician (b. 1748)
    • 1810 – Joseph-Michel Montgolfier, French inventor, co-invented the hot air balloon (b. 1740)
    • 1830 – George IV of the United Kingdom (b. 1762)
    • 1836 – Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, French soldier and composer (b. 1760)
    • 1856 – Max Stirner, German philosopher and author (b. 1806)
    • 1870 – Armand Barbès, French lawyer and politician (b. 1809)
    • 1878 – Mercedes of Orléans (b. 1860)
    • 1879 – Richard H. Anderson, American general (b. 1821)
    • 1883 – Edward Sabine, Irish-English astronomer, geophysicist, and ornithologist (b. 1788)
    • 1918 – Peter Rosegger, Austrian poet and author (b. 1843)
    • 1922 – Albert I, Prince of Monaco (b. 1848)
    • 1927 – Armand Guillaumin, French painter (b. 1841)
    • 1932 – Adelaide Ames, American astronomer and academic (b. 1900)
    • 1932 – William Murray McPherson, Australian politician, 31st Premier of Victoria (b. 1865)
    • 1938 – James Weldon Johnson, American poet, lawyer and politician (b. 1871)
    • 1938 – Daria Pratt, American golfer (b. 1859)
    • 1939 – Ford Madox Ford, English novelist, poet, and critic (b. 1873)
    • 1943 – Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868)
    • 1945 – Emil Hácha, Czech lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1872)
    • 1946 – Max Kögel, German SS officer (b. 1895)
    • 1946 – Yōsuke Matsuoka, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1880)
    • 1947 – R. B. Bennett, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1870)
    • 1949 – Kim Koo, South Korean educator and politician, 13th President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (b. 1876)
    • 1955 – Engelbert Zaschka, German engineer (b. 1895)
    • 1956 – Clifford Brown, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1930)
    • 1956 – Richie Powell, American pianist (b. 1931)
    • 1957 – Alfred Döblin, Polish-German physician and author (b. 1878)
    • 1957 – Malcolm Lowry, English novelist and poet (b. 1909)
    • 1958 – George Orton, Canadian runner and hurdler (b. 1873)
    • 1958 – Andrija Štampar, Croatian physician and scholar (b. 1888)
    • 1964 – Léo Dandurand, American-Canadian businessman (b. 1889)
    • 1967 – Françoise Dorléac, French actress and singer (b. 1942)
    • 1975 – Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish priest and saint (b. 1902)
    • 1979 – Akwasi Afrifa, Ghanaian soldier and politician, 3rd Head of State of Ghana (b. 1936)
    • 1989 – Howard Charles Green, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Canadian Minister of Public Works (b. 1895)
    • 1990 – Anni Blomqvist, Finnish author (b. 1909)
    • 1992 – Buddy Rogers, American wrestler (b. 1921)
    • 1993 – Roy Campanella, American baseball player and coach (b. 1921)
    • 1993 – William H. Riker, American political scientist and academic (b. 1920)
    • 1994 – Jahanara Imam, Bangladeshi author and activist (b. 1929)
    • 1996 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (b. 1958)
    • 1996 – Necmettin Hacıeminoğlu, Turkish linguist and academic (b. 1932)
    • 1997 – Don Hutson, American football player and coach (b. 1913)
    • 1998 – Hacı Sabancı, Turkish businessman and philanthropist (b. 1935)
    • 2002 – Jay Berwanger, American football player (b. 1914)
    • 2002 – Arnold Brown, English-Canadian 11th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1913)
    • 2003 – Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroon footballer (b. 1975)
    • 2003 – Denis Thatcher, English soldier and businessman (b. 1915)
    • 2003 – Strom Thurmond, American general, lawyer, and politician, 103rd Governor of South Carolina (b. 1902)
    • 2004 – Ott Arder, Estonian poet and translator (b. 1950)
    • 2004 – Yash Johar, Indian film producer, founded Dharma Productions (b. 1929)
    • 2004 – Naomi Shemer, Israeli singer-songwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2005 – Tõnno Lepmets, Estonian basketball player (b. 1938)
    • 2005 – Richard Whiteley, English journalist and game show host (b. 1943)
    • 2006 – Tommy Wonder, Dutch magician (b. 1953)
    • 2007 – Liz Claiborne, Belgian-American fashion designer, founded Liz Claiborne (b. 1929)
    • 2007 – Joey Sadler, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1914)
    • 2010 – Algirdas Brazauskas, Lithuanian engineer and politician, 2nd President of Lithuania (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Harald Keres, Estonian physicist and academic (b. 1912)
    • 2011 – Edith Fellows, American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Jan van Beveren, Dutch footballer and coach (b. 1948)
    • 2012 – Sverker Åström, Swedish diplomat, Swedish Permanent Representative to the United Nations (b. 1915)
    • 2012 – Pat Cummings, American basketball player (b. 1956)
    • 2012 – Nora Ephron, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1941)
    • 2012 – Mario O’Hara, Filipino director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Doris Singleton, American actress (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Risley C. Triche, American lawyer and politician (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Henrik Otto Donner, Finnish trumpet player and composer (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Edward Huggins Johnstone, Brazilian-American sergeant and judge (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Byron Looper, American politician (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Justin Miller, American baseball player (b. 1977)
    • 2013 – Marc Rich, Belgian-American businessman (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Howard Baker, American lawyer, politician, and diplomat, 12th White House Chief of Staff (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Bill Frank, American-Canadian football player (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Rollin King, American businessman, co-founded Southwest Airlines (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Bob Mischak, American football player and coach (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Julius Rudel, Austrian-American conductor (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Mary Rodgers, American composer and author (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Yevgeny Primakov, Ukrainian-Russian journalist and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Russia (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Chris Thompson, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1952)

    Holidays and observances on June 26

    • Day of the Armed Forces of Azerbaijan
    • Christian feast day:
      • Anthelm of Belley
      • David the Dendrite
      • Hermogius
      • Isabel Florence Hapgood (Episcopal Church)
      • Jeremiah (Lutheran)
      • John and Paul
      • José María Robles Hurtado (one of Saints of the Cristero War)
      • Josemaría Escrivá
      • Mar Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)
      • Pelagius of Córdoba
      • Vigilius of Trent
      • June 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Flag Day (Romania)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Madagascar from France in 1960. (Madagascar)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of British Somaliland from the British in 1960. (Somalia)
    • International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking (International)
    • International Day in Support of Victims of Torture (International)
    • Ratcatcher’s Day (Hamelin, Germany)
    • Sunthorn Phu Day (Thailand)
    • World Refrigeration Day (International)

  • May 6 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance.
    • 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Spanish.
    • 1536 – King Henry VIII orders English-language Bibles be placed in every church. In 1539 the Great Bible would be provided for this purpose.
    • 1542 – Francis Xavier reaches Old Goa, the capital of Portuguese India at the time.
    • 1659 – English Restoration: A faction of the British Army removes Richard Cromwell as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth and reinstalls the Rump Parliament.
    • 1682 – Louis XIV of France moves his court to the Palace of Versailles.
    • 1757 – Battle of Prague: A Prussian army fights an Austrian army in Prague during the Seven Years’ War.
    • 1757 – The end of Konbaung–Hanthawaddy War, and the end of Burmese Civil War (1740–1757).
    • 1757 – English poet Christopher Smart is admitted into St Luke’s Hospital for Lunatics in London, beginning his six-year confinement to mental asylums.
    • 1782 – Construction begins on the Grand Palace, the royal residence of the King of Siam in Bangkok, at the command of King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke.
    • 1801 – Captain Thomas Cochrane in the 14-gun HMS Speedy captures the 32-gun Spanish frigate El Gamo.
    • 1835 – James Gordon Bennett, Sr. publishes the first issue of the New York Herald.
    • 1840 – The Penny Black postage stamp becomes valid for use in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
    • 1857 – The East India Company disbands the 34th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry whose sepoy Mangal Pandey had earlier revolted against the British in the lead up to the War of Indian Independence.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Arkansas secedes from the Union.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville ends with the defeat of the Army of the Potomac by the Army of Northern Virginia.
    • 1877 – Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Lakota surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
    • 1882 – Thomas Henry Burke and Lord Frederick Cavendish are stabbed to death by Fenian assassins in Phoenix Park, Dublin.
    • 1882 – The United States Congress passes the Chinese Exclusion Act.
    • 1889 – The Eiffel Tower is officially opened to the public at the Universal Exposition in Paris.
    • 1906 – The Russian Constitution of 1906 is adopted (on April 23 by the Julian calendar).
    • 1910 – George V becomes King of Great Britain, Ireland, and many overseas territories, on the death of his father, Edward VII.
    • 1915 – Babe Ruth, then a pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, hits his first major league home run.
    • 1916 – Twenty-one Lebanese nationalists are executed in Martyrs’ Square, Beirut by Djemal Pasha.
    • 1916 – Vietnamese Emperor Duy Tân is captured while calling upon the people to rise up against the French, and is later deposed and exiled to Réunion island.
    • 1933 – The Deutsche Studentenschaft attacked Magnus Hirschfeld’s Institut für Sexualwissenschaft, later burning many of its books.
    • 1935 – New Deal: Under the authority of the newly-enacted Federal Emergency Relief Administration, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issues Executive Order 7034 to create the Works Progress Administration.
    • 1937 – Hindenburg disaster: The German zeppelin Hindenburg catches fire and is destroyed within a minute while attempting to dock at Lakehurst, New Jersey. Thirty-six people are killed.
    • 1940 – John Steinbeck is awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his novel The Grapes of Wrath.
    • 1941 – At California’s March Field, Bob Hope performs his first USO show.
    • 1941 – The first flight of the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt.
    • 1942 – World War II: On Corregidor, the last American forces in the Philippines surrender to the Japanese.
    • 1945 – World War II: Axis Sally delivers her last propaganda broadcast to Allied troops.
    • 1945 – World War II: The Prague Offensive, the last major battle of the Eastern Front, begins.
    • 1949 – EDSAC, the first practical electronic digital stored-program computer, runs its first operation.
    • 1954 – Roger Bannister becomes the first person to run the mile in under four minutes.
    • 1960 – More than 20 million viewers watch the first televised royal wedding when Princess Margaret marries Anthony Armstrong-Jones at Westminster Abbey.
    • 1966 – Myra Hindley and Ian Brady are sentenced to life imprisonment for the Moors murders in England.
    • 1972 – Deniz Gezmiş, Yusuf Aslan and Hüseyin İnan are executed in Ankara after being convicted of attempting to overthrow the Constitutional order.
    • 1975 – During a lull in fighting, 100,000 Armenians gather in Beirut for the 60th anniversary commemorations of the Armenian Genocide.
    • 1976 – The 6.5 Mw  Friuli earthquake affected Northern Italy with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme), leaving 900–978 dead and 1,700–2,400 injured.
    • 1983 – The Hitler Diaries are revealed as a hoax after being examined by new experts.
    • 1984 – One hundred three Korean Martyrs are canonized by Pope John Paul II in Seoul.
    • 1988 – All thirty-six passengers and crew were killed when Widerøe Flight 710 crashed into Mt. Torghatten in Brønnøy.
    • 1994 – Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and French President François Mitterrand officiate at the opening of the Channel Tunnel.
    • 1996 – The body of former CIA director William Colby is found washed up on a riverbank in southern Maryland, eight days after he disappeared.
    • 1997 – The Bank of England is given independence from political control, the most significant change in the bank’s 300-year history.
    • 1998 – Kerry Wood strikes out 20 Houston Astros to tie the major league record held by Roger Clemens. He threw a one-hitter and did not walk a batter in his fifth career start.
    • 1998 – Steve Jobs of Apple Inc. unveils the first iMac.
    • 1999 – The first elections to the devolved Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly are held.
    • 2001 – During a trip to Syria, Pope John Paul II becomes the first pope to enter a mosque.
    • 2002 – Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn is assassinated following a radio-interview at the Mediapark in Hilversum.
    • 2010 – In just 36 minutes, the Dow-Jones average plunged nearly 1000 points in what is known as the 2010 Flash Crash.
    • 2013 – Three women, kidnapped and missing for more than a decade, are found alive in Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States.

    Births on May 6

    • 973 – Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1024)
    • 1464 – Sophia Jagiellon, Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach, Polish princess (d. 1512)
    • 1493 – Girolamo Seripando, Italian theologian and cardinal (d. 1563)
    • 1501 – Marcellus II, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1555)
    • 1574 – Innocent X, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1655)
    • 1580 – Charles Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat, French noble (d. 1637)
    • 1635 – Johann Joachim Becher, German physician and alchemist (d. 1682)
    • 1668 – Alain-René Lesage, French author and playwright (d. 1747)
    • 1680 – Jean-Baptiste Stuck, Italian-French cellist and composer (d. 1755)
    • 1713 – Charles Batteux, French philosopher and academic (d. 1780)
    • 1714 – Anton Raaff, German tenor (d. 1797)
    • 1742 – Jean Senebier, Swiss pastor and physiologist (d. 1809)
    • 1758 – André Masséna, French general (d. 1817)
    • 1758 – Maximilien Robespierre, French lawyer and politician (d. 1794)
    • 1769 – Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1824)
    • 1769 – Jean Nicolas Pierre Hachette, French mathematician and academic (d. 1834)
    • 1781 – Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher and author (d. 1832)
    • 1797 – Joseph Brackett, American religious leader and composer (d. 1882)
    • 1800 – Roman Sanguszko, Polish general (d. 1881)
    • 1827 – Hermann Raster, German-American journalist and politician (d. 1891)
    • 1836 – Max Eyth, German engineer and author (d. 1906)
    • 1843 – Grove Karl Gilbert, American geologist and academic (d. 1918)
    • 1848 – Henry Edward Armstrong, English chemist and academic (d. 1937)
    • 1851 – Aristide Bruant, French singer and actor (d. 1925)
    • 1856 – Sigmund Freud, Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst (d. 1939)
    • 1856 – Robert Peary, American admiral and explorer (d. 1920)
    • 1861 – Motilal Nehru, Indian lawyer and politician, President of the Indian National Congress (d. 1931)
    • 1868 – Gaston Leroux, French journalist and author (d. 1927)
    • 1869 – Junnosuke Inoue, Japanese businessman and central banker, 8th and 11th Governor of the Bank of Japan (d. 1932)
    • 1870 – Walter Rutherford, Scottish golfer (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Victor Grignard, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1935)
    • 1871 – Christian Morgenstern, German author and poet (d. 1914)
    • 1872 – Willem de Sitter, Dutch mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (d. 1934)
    • 1872 – Djemal Pasha, Ottoman general (d. 1922)
    • 1879 – Bedřich Hrozný, Czech orientalist and linguist (d. 1952)
    • 1879 – Hendrik van Heuckelum, Dutch footballer (d. 1929)
    • 1880 – Winifred Brunton, English-South African painter and illustrator (d. 1959)
    • 1880 – Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, German-Swiss painter (d. 1938)
    • 1883 – Alberto Collo, Italian actor (d. 1955)
    • 1895 – Júlio César de Mello e Souza, Brazilian mathematician and author (d. 1974)
    • 1895 – Fidél Pálffy, Hungarian soldier and politician, Hungarian Minister of Agriculture (d. 1946)
    • 1895 – Rudolph Valentino, Italian actor (d. 1926)
    • 1896 – Rolf Maximilian Sievert, Swedish physicist and academic (d. 1966)
    • 1897 – Paul Alverdes, German author and poet (d. 1979)
    • 1898 – Konrad Henlein, Czech soldier and politician (d. 1945)
    • 1902 – Harry Golden, Ukrainian-American journalist and author (d. 1981)
    • 1902 – Max Ophüls, German-American director and screenwriter (d. 1957)
    • 1903 – Toots Shor, American businessman, founded Toots Shor’s Restaurant (d. 1977)
    • 1904 – Moshé Feldenkrais, Ukrainian-Israeli physicist and academic (d. 1984)
    • 1904 – Catherine Lacey, English actress (d. 1979)
    • 1904 – Harry Martinson, Swedish novelist, essayist, and poet Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1978)
    • 1905 – Philip N. Krasne, American lawyer and producer (d. 1999)
    • 1906 – André Weil, French mathematician and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1907 – Weeb Ewbank, American football player and coach (d. 1998)
    • 1911 – Guy des Cars, French journalist and author (d. 1993)
    • 1913 – Carmen Cavallaro, American pianist (d. 1989)
    • 1913 – Stewart Granger, English-American actor (d. 1993)
    • 1915 – Orson Welles, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1985)
    • 1915 – Theodore H. White, American historian, journalist, and author (d. 1986)
    • 1916 – Robert H. Dicke, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1997)
    • 1917 – Kal Mann, American songwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1918 – Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, emir of Abu Dhabi and first president of the United Arab Emirates (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – André Guelfi, French race car driver (d. 2016)
    • 1920 – Kamisese Mara, Fijian politician, 1st Prime Minister of Fiji (d. 2004)
    • 1920 – Marguerite Piazza, American soprano and actress (d. 2012)
    • 1921 – Erich Fried, Austrian-German author, poet, and translator (d. 1988)
    • 1922 – Camille Laurin, Canadian psychiatrist and politician, 7th Deputy Premier of Quebec (d. 1999)
    • 1923 – Harry Watson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2002)
    • 1924 – Nestor Basterretxea, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Patricia Helen Kennedy, American socialite, activist, and author (d. 2006)
    • 1924 – Denny Wright, English guitarist, composer, and producer (d. 1992)
    • 1926 – Gilles Grégoire, Canadian politician, co-founded the Parti Québécois (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Rosemary Cramp, English archaeologist and academic
    • 1929 – Paul Lauterbur, American chemist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – John Taylor, English bishop and theologian (d. 2016)
    • 1931 – Willie Mays, American baseball player and coach
    • 1931 – Louis Gambaccini, American government official (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Ahmet Haxhiu, Kosovan activist (d. 1994)
    • 1932 – Alexander Thynn, 7th Marquess of Bath, English lieutenant and politician (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – Richard Shelby, American lawyer and politician
    • 1937 – Rubin Carter, American-Canadian boxer (d. 2014)
    • 1938 – Jean Garon, Canadian economist, lawyer, and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1939 – Eddie C. Campbell, American singer and guitarist (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – Chet Allen, American child actor (d. 1984)
    • 1942 – Ariel Dorfman, Argentinian author, playwright, and academic
    • 1943 – Andreas Baader, German terrorist, co-founded the Red Army Faction (d. 1977)
    • 1943 – Milton William Cooper, American theorist and author (d. 2001)
    • 1943 – Wolfgang Reinhardt, German pole vaulter (d. 2011)
    • 1943 – James Turrell, American sculptor and illustrator
    • 1944 – Anton Furst, English-American production designer and art director (d. 1991)
    • 1944 – Masanori Murakami, Japanese baseball player and coach
    • 1945 – Jimmie Dale Gilmore, American country singer-songwriter, guitarist, actor, and producer
    • 1945 – Bob Seger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1947 – Alan Dale, New Zealand actor
    • 1947 – Martha Nussbaum, American philosopher and author
    • 1947 – Ljubomir Vračarević, Serbian martial artist, founded Real Aikido (d. 2013)
    • 1948 – Frankie Librán, Puerto Rican-American baseball player (d. 2013)
    • 1950 – Jeffery Deaver, American journalist and author
    • 1951 – Samuel Doe, Liberian sergeant and politician, 21st President of Liberia (d. 1990)
    • 1952 – Gerrit Zalm, Dutch economist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands
    • 1953 – Alexander Akimov, Ukrainian Chernobyl worker (d. 1986)
    • 1953 – Tony Blair, British politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
    • 1953 – Michelle Courchesne, Canadian urban planner and politician, Deputy Premier of Quebec
    • 1953 – Ülle Rajasalu, Estonian politician
    • 1953 – Graeme Souness, Scottish international footballer and manager
    • 1953 – Lynn Whitfield, American actress and producer
    • 1954 – Tom Abernethy, American basketball player
    • 1954 – Dora Bakoyannis, Greek politician, 120th Greek Minister for Foreign Affairs
    • 1954 – Angela Hernández Nuñez, Dominican author and poet
    • 1954 – Ain Lutsepp, Estonian actor and politician
    • 1955 – Nicholas Alexander, 7th Earl of Caledon, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Armagh
    • 1955 – Tom Bergeron, American television host
    • 1955 – John Hutton, Baron Hutton of Furness, English academic and politician, Secretary of State for Defence
    • 1956 – Lakis Lazopoulos, Greek actor and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Cindy Lovell, American educator and writer
    • 1956 – Roland Wieser, German race walker and coach
    • 1958 – Randall Stout, American architect, designed the Taubman Museum of Art (d. 2014)
    • 1959 – Andreas Busse, German runner
    • 1959 – Charles Hendry, English politician
    • 1960 – Lyudmila Andonova, Bulgarian high jumper
    • 1960 – Keith Dowding, English political scientist, philosopher, and academic
    • 1960 – Roma Downey, Irish-American actress and producer
    • 1960 – John Flansburgh, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1960 – Aleksei Lotman, Estonian biologist and politician
    • 1960 – Anne Parillaud, French actress
    • 1961 – Oleksandr Apaychev, Ukrainian decathlete and coach
    • 1961 – George Clooney, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Tom Hunter, Scottish businessman and philanthropist
    • 1961 – Gina Riley, Australian actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Frans Timmermans, Dutch politician and diplomat, First Vice President of the European Commission
    • 1962 – Tom Brake, English politician
    • 1962 – Brad Izzard, Australian rugby league player
    • 1963 – Alessandra Ferri, Italian ballerina
    • 1965 – Leslie Hope, Canadian actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1968 – Worku Bikila, Ethiopian runner
    • 1968 – Lætitia Sadier, French singer and keyboard player
    • 1969 – Jim Magilton, Northern Irish footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Roland Kun, Nauruan politician
    • 1970 – Kavan Smith, Canadian actor
    • 1971 – Chris Shiflett, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1972 – Martin Brodeur, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1972 – Naoko Takahashi, Japanese runner
    • 1974 – Bernard Barmasai, Kenyan runner
    • 1974 – Daniela Bártová, Czech pole vaulter and gymnast
    • 1975 – Alan Richardson, English cricketer and coach
    • 1976 – Dean Chandler, English footballer
    • 1976 – Iván de la Peña, Spanish footballer
    • 1977 – Christophe Brandt, Belgian cyclist
    • 1977 – Marc Chouinard, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Mark Eaton, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1977 – Chantelle Newbery, Australian diver
    • 1978 – John Abraham, American football player
    • 1978 – Tony Estanguet, French slalom canoeist
    • 1978 – Fredrick Federley, Swedish journalist and politician
    • 1978 – Alexandr Fedorov, Russian bodybuilder
    • 1979 – Gerd Kanter, Estonian discus thrower
    • 1979 – Jan Erik Mikalsen, Norwegian composer
    • 1979 – Jon Montgomery, Canadian skeleton racer and television host
    • 1980 – Brooke Bennett, American swimmer
    • 1980 – Dimitris Diamantidis, Greek professional basketball player
    • 1980 – Ricardo Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
    • 1980 – Matthew Whiley, English cricketer
    • 1982 – Jason Witten, American football player
    • 1983 – Dani Alves, Brazilian footballer
    • 1983 – Ingrid Jonach, Australian author
    • 1983 – Gabourey Sidibe, American actress
    • 1983 – Trinley Thaye Dorje, Tibetan religious leader, the 17th Karmapa Lama
    • 1983 – Fredrik Sjöström, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Anton Babchuk, Ukrainian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Juan Pablo Carrizo, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Chris Paul, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Goran Dragic, Slovenian basketball player
    • 1987 – Dries Mertens, Belgian footballer
    • 1987 – Meek Mill, American rapper
    • 1987 – Adrienne Warren, American actress
    • 1988 – Ryan Anderson, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Dakota Kai, New Zealander profesional wrestler
    • 1989 – Dominika Cibulková, Slovak tennis player
    • 1989 – Jesse Hughes, Canadian DJ and producer
    • 1990 – José Altuve, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1992 – Brendan Gallagher, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Byun Baekhyun, South Korean musician and actor
    • 1992 – Jonas Valančiūnas, Lithuanian professional basketball player
    • 1993 – Gustavo Gómez, Paraguayan footballer
    • 1994 – Mateo Kovačić, Austrian-Croatian footballer
    • 1997 – Duncan Scott, Scottish swimmer
    • 2019 – Archie Mountbatten-Windsor, British royal

    Deaths on May 6

    • 698 – Eadberht, bishop of Lindisfarne
    • 850 – Ninmyō, Japanese emperor (b. 808)
    • 932 – Qian Liu, Chinese warlord and king (b. 852)
    • 988 – Dirk II, count of Frisia and Holland
    • 1002 – Ealdwulf, Archbishop of York, Abbot of Peterborough and Bishop of Worcester
    • 1187 – Ruben III, Prince of Armenia (b. 1145)
    • 1236 – Roger of Wendover, Benedictine monk and chronicler
    • 1471 – Edmund Beaufort, English commander (b. 1438)
    • 1471 – Thomas Tresham, Speaker of the House of Commons
    • 1475 – Dieric Bouts, Flemish painter (b. 1415)
    • 1483 – Queen Jeonghui, Korean regent (b. 1418)
    • 1502 – James Tyrrell, English knight (b. 1450)
    • 1527 – Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Count of Montpensier and Dauphin of Auvergne (b.1490)
    • 1540 – Juan Luís Vives, Spanish scholar (b. 1492)
    • 1596 – Giaches de Wert, Flemish-Italian composer (b. 1535)
    • 1631 – Sir Robert Cotton, 1st Baronet, of Connington, English historian and politician, founded the Cotton library (b. 1570)
    • 1638 – Cornelius Jansen, Dutch-French bishop and theologian (b. 1585)
    • 1708 – François de Laval, French-Canadian bishop (b. 1623)
    • 1757 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1683)
    • 1757 – Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin, Prussian field marshal (b. 1684)
    • 1782 – Christine Kirch, German astronomer and academic (b. 1696)
    • 1840 – Francisco de Paula Santander, Colombian general and politician, 4th President of the Republic of the New Granada (b. 1792)
    • 1859 – Alexander von Humboldt, German geographer and explorer (b. 1769)
    • 1862 – Henry David Thoreau, American essayist, poet, and philosopher (b. 1817)
    • 1877 – Johan Ludvig Runeberg, Swedish-Finnish poet and hymn-writer (b. 1804)
    • 1882 – Thomas Henry Burke, Irish civil servant (b. 1829)
    • 1882 – Lord Frederick Cavendish, British politician, Chief Secretary for Ireland (b. 1836)
    • 1902 – Bret Harte, American author and poet (b. 1836)
    • 1905 – Robert Herbert, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Queensland (b. 1831)
    • 1907 – Emanuele Luigi Galizia, Maltese architect and civil engineer (b. 1830)
    • 1910 – Edward VII of the United Kingdom (b. 1841)
    • 1919 – L. Frank Baum, American novelist (b. 1856)
    • 1939 – Konstantin Somov, Russian-French painter and illustrator (b. 1869)
    • 1949 – Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian-French poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
    • 1951 – Élie Cartan, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1869)
    • 1952 – Maria Montessori, Italian-Dutch physician and educator (b. 1870)
    • 1959 – Maria Dulęba, Polish actress (b. 1881)
    • 1959 – Ragnar Nurkse, Estonian-American economist and academic (b. 1907)
    • 1961 – Lucian Blaga, Romanian poet, playwright, and philosopher (b. 1895)
    • 1963 – Theodore von Kármán, Hungarian-American mathematician, physicist, and engineer (b. 1881)
    • 1963 – Ted Weems, American violinist, trombonist, and bandleader (b. 1901)
    • 1963 – Monty Woolley, American raconteur, actor, and director (b. 1888)
    • 1967 – Zhou Zuoren, Chinese author and translator (b. 1885)
    • 1970 – Alexander Rodzyanko, Russian general (b. 1879)
    • 1973 – Ernest MacMillan, Canadian conductor and composer (b. 1893)
    • 1975 – József Mindszenty, Hungarian cardinal (b. 1892)
    • 1980 – María Luisa Bombal, Chilean writer (b. 1910)
    • 1983 – Ezra Jack Keats, American author and illustrator (b. 1916)
    • 1983 – Kai Winding, Danish-American trombonist and composer (b. 1922)
    • 1984 – Mary Cain, American journalist and politician (b. 1904)
    • 1984 – Bonner Pink, English politician (b. 1912)
    • 1987 – William J. Casey, American politician, 13th Director of Central Intelligence (b. 1913)
    • 1989 – Earl Blaik, American football player and coach (b. 1897)
    • 1990 – Charles Farrell, American actor (b. 1901)
    • 1991 – Wilfrid Hyde-White, English actor (b. 1903)
    • 1992 – Marlene Dietrich, German-American actress and singer (b. 1901)
    • 1993 – Ann Todd, English actress and producer (b. 1909)
    • 1995 – Noel Brotherston, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1956)
    • 2000 – Gordon McClymont, Australian ecologist and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – Murray Adaskin, Canadian violinist, composer, conductor, and educator (b. 1906)
    • 2002 – Otis Blackwell, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1932)
    • 2002 – Pim Fortuyn, Dutch sociologist, academic, and politician (b. 1948)
    • 2002 – Bjørn Johansen, Norwegian saxophonist (b. 1940)
    • 2003 – Art Houtteman, American baseball player and journalist (b. 1927)
    • 2004 – Virginia Capers, American actress and singer (b. 1925)
    • 2004 – Philip Kapleau, American monk and educator (b. 1912)
    • 2004 – Barney Kessel, American guitarist and composer (b. 1923)
    • 2006 – Grant McLennan, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)
    • 2006 – Lorne Saxberg, Canadian journalist (b. 1958)
    • 2007 – Enéas Carneiro, Brazilian physician and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2007 – Curtis Harrington, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2009 – Kevin Grubb, American race car driver (b. 1978)
    • 2010 – Robin Roberts, American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – James R. Browning, American lieutenant, lawyer, and judge (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – James Isaac, American director and producer (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – Jean Laplanche, French psychoanalyst and author (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Giulio Andreotti, Italian journalist and politician, 41st Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Severo Aparicio Quispe, Peruvian bishop (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – Michelangelo Spensieri, Italian-Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1949)
    • 2014 – Wil Albeda, Dutch economist and politician, Dutch Minister of Social Affairs (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – William H. Dana, American pilot, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Jimmy Ellis, American boxer (b. 1940)
    • 2014 – Billy Harrell, American baseball player and scout (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Antony Hopkins, English pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Maria Lassnig, Austrian painter and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Farley Mowat, Canadian environmentalist and author (b. 1921)
    • 2015 – Novera Ahmed, Bangladeshi sculptor (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Denise McCluggage, American race car driver and journalist (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Jim Wright, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 56th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1922)
    • 2016 – Patrick Ekeng, Cameroonian footballer (b. 1990)
    • 2016 – Reg Grundy, Australian businessman (b. 1923)

    Holidays and observances on May 6

    • Christian Feast Day:
      • Dominic Savio
      • Evodius of Antioch (Roman Catholic Church)
      • François de Laval
      • Gerard of Lunel
      • Lucius of Cyrene
      • Petronax of Monte Cassino
      • St George’s Day related observances (Eastern Orthodox Church):
        • Day of Bravery, also known as Gergyovden (Bulgaria)
        • Đurđevdan (Gorani, Roma)
        • Police Day (Georgia)
        • Yuri’s Day in the Spring (Russian Orthodox Church)
      • St John before the Latin Gate
      • May 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Military Spouse Day can fall, while May 12 is the latest; celebrated on Friday before Mother’s Day (United States)
    • International No Diet Day
    • Martyrs’ Day (Gabon)
    • Martyrs’ Day (Lebanon and Syria)
    • Teachers’ Day (Jamaica)
    • The first day of Hıdırellez (Turkey)

  • May 4 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
    • 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus are condemned as heretics at the Council of Constance.
    • 1436 – Assassination of the Swedish rebel (later national hero) Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson
    • 1471 – Wars of the Roses: The Battle of Tewkesbury: Edward IV defeats a Lancastrian Army and kills Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales.
    • 1493 – Pope Alexander VI divides the New World between Spain and Portugal along the Line of Demarcation.
    • 1626 – Dutch explorer Peter Minuit arrives in New Netherland (present day Manhattan Island) aboard the See Meeuw.
    • 1686 – The Municipality of Ilagan is founded in the Philippines.
    • 1776 – Rhode Island becomes the first American colony to renounce allegiance to King George III.
    • 1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War: The Battle of Seringapatam: The siege of Seringapatam ends when the city is invaded and Tipu Sultan killed by the besieging British army, under the command of General George Harris.
    • 1814 – Emperor Napoleon arrives at Portoferraio on the island of Elba to begin his exile.
    • 1814 – King Ferdinand VII abolishes the Spanish Constitution of 1812, returning Spain to absolutism.
    • 1836 – Formation of Ancient Order of Hibernians
    • 1859 – The Cornwall Railway opens across the Royal Albert Bridge linking Devon and Cornwall in England.
    • 1869 – The Naval Battle of Hakodate is fought in Japan.
    • 1871 – The National Association, the first professional baseball league, opens its first season in Fort Wayne, Indiana.
    • 1886 – Haymarket affair: A bomb is thrown at policemen trying to break up a labor rally in Chicago, United States, killing eight and wounding 60. The police fire into the crowd.
    • 1904 – The United States begins construction of the Panama Canal.
    • 1910 – The Royal Canadian Navy is created.
    • 1912 – Italy occupies the Greek island of Rhodes.
    • 1919 – May Fourth Movement: Student demonstrations take place in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, protesting the Treaty of Versailles, which transferred Chinese territory to Japan.
    • 1926 – The United Kingdom general strike begins.
    • 1927 – The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is incorporated.
    • 1932 – In Atlanta, mobster Al Capone begins serving an eleven-year prison sentence for tax evasion.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Battle of the Coral Sea begins with an attack by aircraft from the United States aircraft carrier USS Yorktown on Japanese naval forces at Tulagi Island in the Solomon Islands. The Japanese forces had invaded Tulagi the day before.
    • 1945 – World War II: Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg is liberated by the British Army.
    • 1945 – World War II: The German surrender at Lüneburg Heath is signed, coming into effect the following day. It encompasses all Wehrmacht units in the Netherlands, Denmark and northwest Germany.
    • 1946 – In San Francisco Bay, U.S. Marines from the nearby Treasure Island Naval Base stop a two-day riot at Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary. Five people are killed in the riot.
    • 1949 – The entire Torino football team (except for two players who did not take the trip: Sauro Tomà, due to an injury and Renato Gandolfi, because of coach request) is killed in a plane crash.
    • 1953 – Ernest Hemingway wins the Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and the Sea.
    • 1959 – The 1st Annual Grammy Awards are held.
    • 1961 – American civil rights movement: The “Freedom Riders” begin a bus trip through the South.
    • 1961 – Malcolm Ross and Victor Prather attain a new altitude record for manned balloon flight ascending in the Strato-Lab V open gondola to 113,740 feet (34.67 km).
    • 1970 – Vietnam War: Kent State shootings: The Ohio National Guard, sent to Kent State University after disturbances in the city of Kent the weekend before, opens fire killing four unarmed students and wounding nine others. The students were protesting the Cambodian Campaign of the United States and South Vietnam.
    • 1972 – The Don’t Make A Wave Committee, a fledgling environmental organization founded in Canada in 1971, officially changes its name to “Greenpeace Foundation”.
    • 1978 – The South African Defence Force attacks a SWAPO base at Cassinga in southern Angola, killing about 600 people.
    • 1979 – Margaret Thatcher becomes the first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
    • 1982 – Twenty sailors are killed when the British Type 42 destroyer HMS Sheffield is hit by an Argentinian Exocet missile during the Falklands War.
    • 1988 – The PEPCON disaster rocks Henderson, Nevada, as tons of Space Shuttle fuel detonate during a fire.
    • 1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Former White House aide Oliver North is convicted of three crimes and acquitted of nine other charges; the convictions are later overturned on appeal.
    • 1990 – Latvia proclaims the renewal of its independence after the Soviet occupation.
    • 1994 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasser Arafat sign a peace accord, granting self-rule in the Gaza Strip and Jericho.
    • 1998 – A federal judge in Sacramento, California, gives “Unabomber” Theodore Kaczynski four life sentences plus 30 years after Kaczynski accepts a plea agreement sparing him from the death penalty.
    • 2000 – Ken Livingstone becomes the first Mayor of London (an office separate from that of the Lord Mayor of London).
    • 2007 – Greensburg, Kansas is almost completely destroyed by a 1.7-mile wide EF5 tornado. It was the first-ever tornado to be rated as such with the new Enhanced Fujita scale.
    • 2014 – Three people are killed and 62 injured in a pair of bombings on buses in Nairobi, Kenya.

    Births on May 4

    • 1006 – Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1088)
    • 1008 – Henry I, king of France (d. 1060)
    • 1559 – Alice Spencer, English noblewoman (d. 1637)
    • 1634 – Katherine Ferrers, English aristocrat and heiress (d. 1660)
    • 1649 – Chhatrasal, Indian ruler (d. 1731)
    • 1654 – Kangxi Emperor, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty
    • 1655 – Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian instrument maker, invented the piano (d. 1731)
    • 1677 – Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, French noblewoman (d.1749)
    • 1715 – Richard Graves, English minister and author (d. 1804)
    • 1733 – Jean-Charles de Borda, French mathematician, physicist, and sailor (d. 1799)
    • 1752 – John Brooks, American soldier and politician, 11th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1825)
    • 1757 – Manuel Tolsá, Spanish sculptor and first director of the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City (d. 1816)
    • 1767 – Tyagaraja, Indian composer (d. 1847)
    • 1770 – François Gérard, French painter (d. 1837)
    • 1772 – Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus, German publisher (d. 1823)
    • 1796 – Horace Mann, American educator and politician (d. 1859)
    • 1796 – William Pennington, American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of New Jersey, 23rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1862)
    • 1796 – William H. Prescott, American historian and scholar (d. 1859)
    • 1820 – Julia Gardiner Tyler, American wife of John Tyler, 11th First Lady of the United States (d. 1889)
    • 1820 – John Whiteaker, American soldier, judge, and politician, 1st Governor of Oregon (d. 1902)
    • 1822 – Charles Boucher de Boucherville, Canadian physician and politician, 3rd Premier of Quebec (d. 1915)
    • 1825 – Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist, anatomist, and academic (d. 1895)
    • 1825 – Augustus Le Plongeon, English-American historian, photographer, and academic (d. 1908)
    • 1826 – Frederic Edwin Church, American painter (d. 1900)
    • 1827 – John Hanning Speke, English soldier and explorer (d. 1864)
    • 1851 – Thomas Dewing, American painter (d. 1938)
    • 1852 – Alice Liddell, English model (d. 1934)
    • 1855 – Greyfriars Bobby, faithful dog (d. 1872)
    • 1883 – Wang Jingwei, Chinese politician (d. 1944)
    • 1884 – Richard Baggallay, English army officer and cricketer (d. 1975)
    • 1887 – Andrew Dasburg, French-American painter (d. 1979)
    • 1889 – Francis Spellman, American cardinal (d. 1967)
    • 1890 – Franklin Carmichael, Canadian painter (d. 1945)
    • 1902 – Ronnie Aird, English cricketer and administrator (d. 1986)
    • 1902 – Cola Debrot, Dutch physician, lawyer, and politician (d. 1981)
    • 1903 – Luther Adler, American actor (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – Paul Demel, Czech actor (d. 1951)
    • 1905 – Al Dexter, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)
    • 1906 – Gustav Bergmann, Austrian-American philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1987)
    • 1907 – Lincoln Kirstein, American soldier and playwright, co-founded the New York City Ballet (d. 1996)
    • 1907 – Walter Walsh, American target shooter and FBI agent (d. 2014)
    • 1908 – Wolrad Eberle, German decathlete (d. 1949)
    • 1911 – Evald Seepere, Estonian boxer (d. 1990)
    • 1913 – John Broome, American author (d. 1999)
    • 1913 – Princess Katherine of Greece and Denmark (d. 2007)
    • 1914 – Maedayama Eigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 39th Yokozuna (d. 1971)
    • 1916 – Jane Jacobs, American-Canadian journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Richard Proenneke, American soldier, carpenter, and meteorologist (d. 2003)
    • 1917 – Edward T. Cone, American pianist and composer (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Nick Joaquin, Filipino writer, journalist and historian (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Tom Mead, Australian journalist and politician (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Kakuei Tanaka, Japanese soldier and politician, 64th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1993)
    • 1919 – Dory Funk, American wrestler and trainer (d. 1973)
    • 1919 – Basil Yamey, South African-English economist and academic
    • 1921 – Patsy Garrett, American actress and singer (d. 2015)
    • 1921 – John van Kesteren, Dutch-American tenor and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Edo Murtić, Croatian painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2005)
    • 1922 – Paul-Émile Charbonneau, Canadian archbishop (d. 2014)
    • 1922 – Eugenie Clark, American biologist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Stanley Biber, American soldier and physician (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Ed Cassidy, American jazz and rock drummer (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer and producer (d. 1986)
    • 1923 – Eric Sykes, British actor and comedian (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – John Toner, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Jenő Buzánszky, Hungarian footballer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Maurice R. Greenberg, American businessman and philanthropist
    • 1926 – David Stoddart, Baron Stoddart of Swindon, English politician
    • 1928 – Maynard Ferguson, Canadian trumpet player and bandleader (d. 2006)
    • 1928 – Thomas Kinsella, Irish poet, translator, and publisher
    • 1928 – Hosni Mubarak, Egyptian air marshal and politician, 4th President of Egypt (d. 2020)
    • 1928 – Betsy Rawls, American golfer
    • 1928 – Wolfgang von Trips, German race car driver (d. 1961)
    • 1929 – Manuel Contreras, Chilean general (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Audrey Hepburn, Belgian-British actress and humanitarian (d. 1993)
    • 1930 – Katherine Jackson, matriarch of the Jackson family
    • 1930 – Roberta Peters, American soprano (d. 2017)
    • 1931 – Jan Pesman, Dutch speed skater (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Gennady Rozhdestvensky, Russian conductor and educator (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Thomas Stuttaford, English physician, journalist, and politician (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Harlon Hill, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1932 – Alexander MacAra, Scottish epidemiologist and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1933 – J. Fred Duckett, American journalist and educator (d. 2007)
    • 1936 – El Cordobés, Spanish bullfighter
    • 1936 – Med Hondo, Mauritanian filmmaker and actor (d. 2019)
    • 1937 – Ron Carter, American bassist and educator
    • 1937 – Dick Dale, American surf-rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1937 – Wim Verstappen, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1938 – Tyrone Davis, American blues and soul singer (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – Carlos Monsiváis, Mexican journalist, author, and critic (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Gillian Tindall, English historian and author
    • 1939 – Neil Fox, English rugby league player and coach
    • 1939 – Amos Oz, Israeli journalist and author (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – Leon Rochefort, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1940 – Robin Cook, American physician and author
    • 1940 – Peter Gregg, American race car driver and businessman (d. 1980)
    • 1941 – George Will, American journalist and author
    • 1942 – Nickolas Ashford, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1943 – Georgi Asparuhov, Bulgarian footballer (d. 1971)
    • 1943 – Mihail Chemiakin, Russian painter and sculptor
    • 1943 – Prasanta Pattanaik, Indian economist and academic
    • 1944 – Steve Liebmann, Australian radio and television host
    • 1944 – Russi Taylor, American voice actress (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – Jan Mulder, Dutch footballer and journalist
    • 1946 – John Barnard, English car designer
    • 1946 – Gary Bauer, American political activist
    • 1946 – John Watson, British race car driver
    • 1947 – John Bosley, Canadian businessman and politician, 31st Canadian Speaker of the House of Commons
    • 1947 – Ronald Sørensen, Dutch historian and politician
    • 1947 – Trivimi Velliste, Estonian politician, 17th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1948 – Alison Britton, English sculptor and educator
    • 1948 – Hurley Haywood, American race car driver
    • 1948 – King George Tupou V of Tonga, (d. 2012)
    • 1949 – Graham Swift, English novelist and short story writer
    • 1950 – Darryl Hunt, English bass player
    • 1951 – Colin Bass, English bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1951 – Colleen Hanabusa, American lawyer and politician
    • 1951 – Jackie Jackson, American singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1952 – Belinda Green, Australian beauty queen and 1972 Miss World
    • 1953 – Pia Zadora, American actress and singer
    • 1954 – Ryan Cayabyab, Filipino pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1956 – Michael L. Gernhardt, American astronaut and engineer
    • 1956 – David Guterson, American novelist, short story writer, poet, and essayist
    • 1956 – Ken Oberkfell, American baseball player and coach
    • 1957 – Jaak Huimerind, Estonian architect
    • 1957 – Kathy Kreiner, Canadian skier
    • 1957 – Peter Sleep, Australian cricketer
    • 1957 – Marijke Vos, Dutch educator and politician
    • 1958 – Delbert Fowler, American football player
    • 1958 – Keith Haring, American painter (d. 1990)
    • 1958 – Jane Kennedy, English politician
    • 1958 – Caroline Spelman, English politician, Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
    • 1959 – Valdemaras Chomičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
    • 1959 – Randy Travis, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1959 – Bob Tway, American golfer
    • 1960 – Werner Faymann, Austrian politician, 28th Chancellor of Austria
    • 1961 – Jay Aston, English singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1964 – Silvia Costa, Cuban high jumper
    • 1966 – Gary Elkins, English footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Jane McGrath, English-Australian activist, co-founded the McGrath Foundation (d. 2008)
    • 1967 – Kate Garraway, English journalist
    • 1967 – Ana Gasteyer, American actress and singer
    • 1969 – Micah Aivazoff, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1969 – Franz Resch, Austrian footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Gregg Alexander, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1970 – Will Arnett, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1970 – Giovanni Mirabassi, Italian jazz musician
    • 1970 – Dawn Staley, American basketball player
    • 1970 – Paul Wiseman, New Zealand cricketer and coach
    • 1971 – Joe Borowski, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Miles Stewart, Australian triathlete
    • 1972 – Manny Aybar, Dominican baseball player
    • 1972 – Mike Dirnt, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1973 – Matthew Barnaby, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Guillermo Barros Schelotto, Argentinian footballer and coach
    • 1973 – John Madden, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1974 – Miguel Cairo, Venezuelan baseball player and coach
    • 1974 – Tony McCoy, Northern Irish jockey and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Ben Grieve, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Rory Hamill, Northern Irish international footballer
    • 1976 – Jason Michaels, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Indrek Visnapuu, Estonian basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – John Tripp, Canadian-German ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Erin Andrews, American sportscaster and journalist
    • 1978 – Igor Biscan, Croatian footballer
    • 1978 – Brett Burton, Australian footballer
    • 1978 – Vladimíra Uhlířová, Czech tennis player
    • 1979 – Lance Bass, American singer, dancer, and producer
    • 1979 – Kristin Harmel, American journalist and author
    • 1979 – Marie Poissonnier, French pole vaulter
    • 1979 – Lesley Vainikolo, Tongan rugby player
    • 1980 – Andrew Raycroft, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Eric Djemba-Djemba, Cameroon footballer
    • 1981 – Dallon Weekes, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1982 – Kleopas Giannou, Greek footballer
    • 1982 – Markus Rogan, Austrian swimmer
    • 1982 – Giorgos Tsiaras, Greek basketball player
    • 1983 – Dan Christian, Australian cricketer
    • 1983 – Derek Roy, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Robert Zwinkels, Dutch footballer
    • 1984 – Manjural Islam Rana, Bangladeshi cricketer (d. 2007)
    • 1984 – Brad Maddox, American wrestler and referee
    • 1984 – Sarah Meier, Swiss figure skater
    • 1984 – Montell Owens, American football player
    • 1984 – Kevin Slowey, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Ravi Bopara, English cricketer
    • 1985 – Anthony Fedorov, Ukrainian-born American singer and actor
    • 1985 – Fernandinho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1985 – Lester “Bo” McCalebb, American-Macedonian professional basketball player
    • 1985 – Jamie Adenuga, English MC and rapper
    • 1986 – Devan Dubnyk, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – George Hill, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Cesc Fàbregas, Spanish footballer
    • 1987 – Jorge Lorenzo, Spanish motorcycle racer
    • 1988 – Radja Nainggolan, Belgian footballer
    • 1989 – Dániel Gyurta, Hungarian swimmer
    • 1989 – Henna Lindholm, Finnish figure skater
    • 1989 – Rory McIlroy, Northern Irish golfer
    • 1989 – Aris Tatarounis, Greek basketball player
    • 1989 – James van Riemsdyk, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Irina Falconi, American tennis player
    • 1990 – Ryan Morgan, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Duvashen Padayachee, Australian race car driver
    • 1990 – Andrea Torres, Filipino actress and model
    • 1991 – Brianne Jenner, Canadian women’s ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Victor Oladipo, American basketball player
    • 1993 – Jānis Bērziņš, Latvian basketball player
    • 1994 – Abi Masatora, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1994 – Joseph Tapine, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1996 – Pelayo Roza, Spanish sprint canoeist

    Deaths on May 4

    • 408 – Venerius, archbishop of Milan
    • 784 – Arbeo, bishop of Freising
    • 1003 – Herman II, duke of Swabia
    • 1038 – Gotthard of Hildesheim, German bishop (b. 960)
    • 1406 – Coluccio Salutati, chancellor of Florence (b. 1331)
    • 1436 – Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Swedish rebel leader
    • 1471 – Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, son and heir of Henry VI of England (b. 1453)
    • 1471 – Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset (b. 1438)
    • 1483 – George Neville, Duke of Bedford (b. 1457)
    • 1506 – Husayn Mirza Bayqara, Timurid ruler of Herat (b. 1438)
    • 1519 – Lorenzo de’ Medici, duke of Urbino (b. 1492)
    • 1535 – John Houghton, Carthusian monk and saint
    • 1562 – Lelio Sozzini, Italian Protestant theologian (b. 1525)
    • 1566 – Luca Ghini, Italian physician and botanist (b. 1490)
    • 1571 – Pierre Viret, Swiss theologian and reformer (b. 1511)
    • 1604 – Claudio Merulo, Italian organist and composer (b. 1533)
    • 1605 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (b. 1522)
    • 1615 – Adriaan van Roomen, Flemish priest and mathematician (b. 1561)
    • 1626 – Arthur Lake, English bishop and scholar (b. 1569)
    • 1677 – Isaac Barrow, English mathematician and theologian (b. 1630)
    • 1684 – John Nevison, English criminal (b. 1639)
    • 1729 – Louis Antoine de Noailles, French cardinal (b. 1651)
    • 1734 – James Thornhill, English painter and politician (b. 1675)
    • 1737 – Eustace Budgell, English journalist and politician (b. 1686)
    • 1774 – Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick, Prussian nobleman (b. 1714)
    • 1776 – Jacques Saly, French painter and sculptor (b. 1717)
    • 1790 – Matthew Tilghman, American politician (b. 1718)
    • 1799 – Tipu, ruler of Mysore (b. 1750)
    • 1811 – Nikolay Kamensky, Russian general (b. 1776)
    • 1816 – Samuel Dexter, American lawyer and politician, 4th United States Secretary of War, 3rd United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1761)
    • 1824 – Joseph Joubert, French author (b. 1754)
    • 1826 – Sebastián Kindelán y O’Regan, colonial governor of East Florida, Santo Domingo and Cuba (b. 1757)
    • 1839 – Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (b. 1784)
    • 1858 – Aimé Bonpland, French botanist and explorer (b. 1773)
    • 1859 – Joseph Diaz Gergonne, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1771)
    • 1880 – Edward Clark, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Texas (b. 1815)
    • 1901 – John Jones Ross, Canadian lawyer and politician, 7th Premier of Quebec (b. 1831)
    • 1903 – Gotse Delchev, Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary IMRO (b. 1872)
    • 1912 – Nettie Stevens, American geneticist credited with discovering sex chromosomes (b. 1861)
    • 1916 – Ned Daly, Irish rebel commander (Easter Rising) (b. 1891)
    • 1916 – John Murray, Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Victoria (b. 1851)
    • 1916 – Joseph Plunkett, Irish rebel and writer (b. 1887)
    • 1916 – Willie Pearse, Irish rebel (b. 1891)
    • 1919 – Milan Rastislav Štefánik, Slovak general and politician (b. 1880)
    • 1922 – Viktor Kingissepp, Estonian politician (b. 1888)
    • 1923 – Ralph McKittrick, American golfer and tennis player (b. 1877)
    • 1924 – E. Nesbit, English author and poet (b. 1858)
    • 1938 – Kanō Jigorō, Japanese founder of judo (b. 1860)
    • 1938 – Carl von Ossietzky, German journalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
    • 1941 – Chris McKivat, Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1880)
    • 1945 – Fedor von Bock, German field marshal (b. 1880)
    • 1953 – Alexandre Pharamond, French rugby player (b. 1876)
    • 1955 – George Enescu, Romanian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1881)
    • 1964 – Karl Robert Pusta, Estonian politician, 4th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883)
    • 1969 – Osbert Sitwell, English-Italian author and poet (b. 1892)
    • 1972 – Edward Calvin Kendall, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)
    • 1973 – Jane Bowles, American author and playwright (b. 1917)
    • 1975 – Moe Howard, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – Frank Strahan, Australian public servant (b. 1886)
    • 1980 – Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav field marshal and politician, 1st President of Yugoslavia (b. 1892)
    • 1981 – C. Loganathan, Sri Lankan banker (b. 1913)
    • 1983 – Nino Sanzogno, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1911)
    • 1984 – Diana Dors, English actress (b. 1931)
    • 1985 – Fikri Sönmez, Turkish tailor and politician (b. 1938)
    • 1985 – Clarence Wiseman, English-Canadian 10th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1907)
    • 1987 – Paul Butterfield, American singer and harmonica player (b. 1942)
    • 1987 – Cathryn Damon, American actress (b. 1930)
    • 1988 – Lillian Estelle Fisher, American historian of Spanish America (b. 1891)
    • 1990 – Emily Remler, American guitarist (b. 1957)
    • 1991 – Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Egyptian singer-songwriter and mandolin player (b. 1902)
    • 1992 – Gregor Mackenzie, Scottish politician (b. 1927)
    • 1993 – France Štiglic, Slovenian film director and screenwriter (b. 1919)
    • 1995 – Connie Wisniewski, American baseball player (b. 1922)
    • 2000 – Hendrik Casimir, Dutch physicist and academic (b. 1909)
    • 2001 – Bonnie Lee Bakley, American model, wife of Robert Blake (b. 1956)
    • 2004 – David Reimer, Canadian victim of a botched circumcision and transgender reassignment surgery (b. 1965)
    • 2005 – David Hackworth, American colonel and journalist (b. 1930)
    • 2008 – Fred Baur, American chemist and founder of Pringles (b. 1918)
    • 2009 – Dom DeLuise, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2011 – Sammy McCrory, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Mort Lindsey, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Bob Stewart, American television producer, founded Stewart Tele Enterprises (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Adam Yauch, American rapper and director (b. 1964)
    • 2012 – Rashidi Yekini, Nigerian footballer (b. 1963)
    • 2013 – Otis R. Bowen, American physician and politician, 44th Governor of Indiana (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Christian de Duve, English-Belgian cytologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Javier Diez Canseco, Peruvian sociologist and politician (b. 1948)
    • 2013 – Mario Machado, Chinese-American journalist and actor (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Morgan Morgan-Giles, English admiral and politician (b. 1914)
    • 2013 – César Portillo de la Luz, Cuban guitarist and composer (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Dick Ayers, American author and illustrator (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Elena Baltacha, Ukrainian-Scottish tennis player (b. 1983)
    • 2014 – Edgar Cortright, American scientist and engineer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Helga Königsdorf, German physicist and author (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Ross Lonsberry, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1947)
    • 2014 – Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, Central African politician, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (b. 1948)
    • 2015 – William Bast, American screenwriter and author (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Ellen Albertini Dow, American actress (b. 1913)
    • 2015 – Marv Hubbard, American football player (b. 1946)
    • 2016 – Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, Burundian politician (b. 1946)
    • 2020 – Don Shula, American football player and coach (b. 1930)
    • 2020 – Greg Zanis, American carpenter and activist (b. 1950)

    Holidays and observances on May 4

    • Anti-Bullying Day (United Nations)
    • Bird Day (United States)
    • Cassinga Day (Namibia)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Blessed Ceferino Giménez Malla
      • Blessed Michal Giedroyc
      • English Saints and Martyrs of the Reformation Era (Church of England)
      • F. C. D. Wyneken (Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod)
      • Florian
      • Gotthard of Hildesheim
      • José María Rubio
      • Judas Cyriacus
      • Monica of Hippo (1960 Roman Catholic Calendar)
      • Sacerdos of Limoges
      • Venerius of Milan
      • May 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Dave Brubeck Day
    • Death of Milan Rastislav Štefánik Day (Slovakia)
    • Greenery Day (Japan)
    • International Firefighters’ Day
    • May Fourth Movement commemorations:
      • Literary Day (Republic of China)
      • Youth Day (China)
    • Remembrance Day for Martyrs and Disabled (Afghanistan)
    • Remembrance of the Dead (Netherlands)
    • Restoration of Independence day (Latvia)
    • Star Wars Day (International observance)
    • World Give Day
    • World Naked Gardening Day
    • Youth Day (Fiji)

  • May 3 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico assumes the throne.
    • 1294 – John II becomes Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg.
    • 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties.
    • 1491 – Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptized by Portuguese missionaries, adopting the baptismal name of João I.
    • 1616 – Treaty of Loudun ends French civil war.
    • 1715 – A total solar eclipse was visible across northern Europe, and northern Asia, as predicted by Edmond Halley to within 4 minutes accuracy.
    • 1791 – The Constitution of May 3 (the first modern constitution in Europe) is proclaimed by the Sejm of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
    • 1802 – Washington, D.C. is incorporated as a city after Congress abolishes the Board of Commissioners, the District’s founding government. The “City of Washington” is given a mayor-council form of government.
    • 1808 – Finnish War: Sweden loses the fortress of Sveaborg to Russia.
    • 1808 – Peninsular War: The Madrid rebels who rose up on May 2 are executed near Príncipe Pío hill.
    • 1815 – Neapolitan War: Joachim Murat, King of Naples is defeated by the Austrians at the Battle of Tolentino, the decisive engagement of the war.
    • 1830 – The Canterbury and Whitstable Railway is opened; it is the first steam-hauled passenger railway to issue season tickets and include a tunnel.
    • 1837 – The University of Athens is founded in Athens, Greece.
    • 1848 – The boar-crested Anglo-Saxon Benty Grange helmet is discovered in a barrow on the Benty Grange farm in Derbyshire.
    • 1849 – The May Uprising in Dresden begins: The last of the German revolutions of 1848–49.
    • 1855 – American adventurer William Walker departs from San Francisco with about 60 men to conquer Nicaragua.
    • 1860 – Charles XV of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
    • 1867 – The Hudson’s Bay Company gives up all claims to Vancouver Island.
    • 1901 – The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville, Florida.
    • 1913 – Raja Harishchandra, the first full-length Indian feature film, is released, marking the beginning of the Indian film industry.
    • 1920 – A Bolshevik coup fails in the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
    • 1921 – West Virginia becomes the first state to legislate a broad sales tax, but does not implement it until a number of years later due to enforcement issues.
    • 1921 – The Government of Ireland Act 1920 is passed, dividing Ireland into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland.
    • 1928 – The Jinan incident begins with the deaths of twelve Japanese civilians by Chinese forces in Jinan, China, which leads to Japanese retaliation and the deaths of over 2,000 Chinese civilians in the following days.
    • 1939 – The All India Forward Bloc is formed by Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese naval troops invade Tulagi Island in the Solomon Islands during the first part of Operation Mo that results in the Battle of the Coral Sea between Japanese forces and forces from the United States and Australia.
    • 1945 – World War II: Sinking of the prison ships Cap Arcona, Thielbek and Deutschland by the Royal Air Force in Lübeck Bay.
    • 1947 – New post-war Japanese constitution goes into effect.
    • 1948 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Shelley v. Kraemer that covenants prohibiting the sale of real estate to blacks and other minorities are legally unenforceable.
    • 1951 – London’s Royal Festival Hall opens with the Festival of Britain.
    • 1951 – The United States Senate Committee on Armed Services and United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations begin their closed door hearings into the relief of Douglas MacArthur by U.S. President Harry Truman.
    • 1952 – Lieutenant Colonels Joseph O. Fletcher and William P. Benedict of the United States land a plane at the North Pole.
    • 1952 – The Kentucky Derby is televised nationally for the first time, on the CBS network.
    • 1957 – Walter O’Malley, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers, agrees to move the team from Brooklyn to Los Angeles.
    • 1960 – The Off-Broadway musical comedy The Fantasticks opens in New York City’s Greenwich Village, eventually becoming the longest-running musical of all time.
    • 1960 – The Anne Frank House museum opens in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    • 1963 – The police force in Birmingham, Alabama switches tactics and responds with violent force to stop the “Birmingham campaign” protesters. Images of the violent suppression are transmitted worldwide, bringing new-found attention to the civil rights movement.
    • 1971 – Erich Honecker becomes First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, remaining in power until 1989
    • 1973 – The 108-story Sears Tower in Chicago is topped out at 1,451 feet as the world’s tallest building.
    • 1978 – The first unsolicited bulk commercial email (which would later become known as “spam”) is sent by a Digital Equipment Corporation marketing representative to every ARPANET address on the west coast of the United States.
    • 1986 – Twenty-one people are killed and forty-one are injured after a bomb explodes on Air Lanka Flight 512 at Colombo airport in Sri Lanka.
    • 1987 – A crash by Bobby Allison at the Talladega Superspeedway, Alabama fencing at the start-finish line would lead NASCAR to develop the restrictor plate for the following season both at Daytona International Speedway and Talladega.
    • 1999 – The southwestern portion of Oklahoma City is devastated by an F5 tornado, killing forty-five people, injuring 665, and causing $1 billion in damage. The tornado is one of 66 from the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak. This tornado also produces the highest wind speed ever recorded, measured at 301 +/- 20 mph (484 +/- 32 km/h).
    • 1999 – Infiltration of Pakistani soldiers on Indian side resulted into the kargil war.
    • 2000 – The sport of geocaching begins, with the first cache placed and the coordinates from a GPS posted on Usenet.
    • 2001 – The United States loses its seat on the U.N. Human Rights Commission for the first time since the commission was formed in 1947.
    • 2002 – An Indian Air Force MiG-21 crashes into a bank in Jalandhar, killing eight and injuring 17.
    • 2007 – The 3-year-old British girl Madeleine McCann disappears in Praia da Luz, Portugal, starting “the most heavily reported missing-person case in modern history”.
    • 2015 – Two gunmen launch an attempted attack on an anti-Islam event in Garland, Texas, which was held in response to the Charlie Hebdo shooting.
    • 2016 – Eighty-eight thousand people were evacuated from their homes in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada as a wildfire ripped through the community, destroying approximately 2,400 homes and buildings.

    Births on May 3

    • 490 – K’an Joy Chitam I, ruler of Palenque (d. 565)
    • 612 – Constantine III, Byzantine emperor (d. 641)
    • 1238 – Emilia Bicchieri, Italian saint (d. 1314)
    • 1276 – Louis, Count of Évreux, son of King Philip III of France (d. 1319)
    • 1415 – Cecily Neville, Duchess of York (d. 1495)
    • 1428 – Pedro González de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal (d. 1495)
    • 1446 – Margaret of York (d. 1503)
    • 1461 – Raffaele Riario, Italian cardinal (d. 1521)
    • 1469 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian historian and philosopher (d. 1527)
    • 1479 – Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1552)
    • 1481 – Juana de la Cruz Vázquez Gutiérrez, Spanish abbess of the Franciscan Third Order Regular (d. 1534)
    • 1536 – Stephan Praetorius, German theologian (d. 1603)
    • 1632 – Catherine of St. Augustine, French-Canadian nurse and saint, founded the Hôtel-Dieu de Québec (d. 1668)
    • 1662 – Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann, German architect, designed the Pillnitz Castle (d. 1736)
    • 1678 – Amaro Pargo, Spanish corsair (d. 1747)
    • 1695 – Henri Pitot, French physicist and engineer, invented the Pitot tube (d. 1771)
    • 1729 – Florian Leopold Gassmann, Czech composer (d. 1774)
    • 1761 – August von Kotzebue, German playwright and author (d. 1819)
    • 1764 – Princess Élisabeth of France (d. 1794)
    • 1768 – Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and businessman (d. 1838)
    • 1783 – José de la Riva Agüero, Peruvian soldier and politician, 1st President of Peru and 2nd President of North Peru (d. 1858)
    • 1814 – Adams George Archibald, Canadian lawyer and politician, 4th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (d. 1892)
    • 1826 – Charles XV of Sweden (d. 1872)
    • 1844 – Richard D’Oyly Carte, English talent agent and composer (d. 1901)
    • 1849 – Jacob Riis, Danish-American journalist and photographer (d. 1914)
    • 1849 – Bernhard von Bülow, German soldier and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1929)
    • 1854 – George Gore, American baseball player and manager (d. 1933)
    • 1859 – August Herrmann, American executive in Major League Baseball (d.1931)
    • 1860 – Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – Andy Bowen, American boxer (d. 1894)
    • 1867 – J. T. Hearne, English cricketer (d. 1944)
    • 1870 – Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein (d. 1948)
    • 1871 – Emmett Dalton, American criminal (d. 1937)
    • 1873 – Pavlo Skoropadskyi, German-Ukrainian general and politician, Hetman of Ukraine (d. 1945)
    • 1874 – François Coty, French businessman and publisher, founded Coty, Inc. (d. 1934)
    • 1874 – Vagn Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer and academic (d. 1954)
    • 1877 – Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst and author (d. 1925)
    • 1879 – Fergus McMaster, Australian businessman and soldier, co-founded Qantas (d. 1950)
    • 1886 – Marcel Dupré, French organist and composer (d. 1971)
    • 1887 – Marika Kotopouli, Greek actress (d. 1954)
    • 1889 – Beulah Bondi, American actress (d. 1981)
    • 1889 – Gottfried Fuchs, German-Canadian Olympic soccer player (d. 1972)
    • 1891 – Tadeusz Peiper, Polish poet and critic (d. 1969)
    • 1891 – Eppa Rixey, American baseball pitcher (d. 1963)
    • 1892 – George Paget Thomson, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
    • 1892 – Jacob Viner, Canadian-American economist and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1893 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian author (d. 1975)
    • 1895 – Cornelius Van Til, Dutch philosopher, theologian, and apologist (d. 1987)
    • 1896 – Karl Allmenröder, German soldier and pilot (d. 1917)
    • 1896 – V. K. Krishna Menon, Indian lawyer, jurist, and politician, Indian Minister of Defence (d. 1974)
    • 1896 – Dodie Smith, English author and playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1897 – William Joseph Browne, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Solicitor General of Canada (d. 1989)
    • 1898 – Septima Poinsette Clark, American educator and activist (d. 1987)
    • 1898 – Golda Meir, Ukrainian-Israeli educator and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1978)
    • 1902 – Alfred Kastler, German-French physicist and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – Bing Crosby, American singer and actor (d. 1977)
    • 1905 – Edmund Black, American hammer thrower (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Werner Fenchel, German-Danish mathematician and academic (d. 1988)
    • 1905 – Red Ruffing, American baseball pitcher and coach (d. 1986)
    • 1906 – Mary Astor, American actress (d. 1987)
    • 1906 – René Huyghe, French historian and author (d. 1997)
    • 1906 – Anna Roosevelt Halsted, American journalist and author (d. 1975)
    • 1906 – Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2005)
    • 1910 – Norman Corwin, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1912 – Virgil Fox, American organist and composer (d. 1980)
    • 1912 – May Sarton, American poet, novelist and memoirist (d. 1995)
    • 1913 – William Inge, American playwright and novelist (d. 1973)
    • 1914 – Georges-Emmanuel Clancier, French journalist, author, and poet (d. 2018)
    • 1915 – Stu Hart, Canadian wrestler and trainer, founded Stampede Wrestling (d. 2003)
    • 1915 – Richard Lippold, American sculptor and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Léopold Simoneau, Canadian tenor and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Betty Comden, American screenwriter and librettist (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – George Gaynes, Finnish-American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1918 – Ted Bates, English footballer and manager (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – John Cullen Murphy, American soldier and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Pete Seeger, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist (d. 2014)
    • 1920 – John Lewis, American pianist and composer (d. 2001)
    • 1921 – Sugar Ray Robinson, American boxer (d. 1989)
    • 1922 – Len Shackleton, English footballer and journalist (d. 2000)
    • 1923 – George Hadjinikos, Greek pianist, conductor, and educator (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Ralph Hall, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Yehuda Amichai, German-Israeli author and poet (d. 2000)
    • 1924 – Ken Tyrrell, English race car driver, founded Tyrrell Racing (d. 2001)
    • 1925 – Jean Séguy, French sociologist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Matt Baldwin, Canadian curler and engineer
    • 1928 – Dave Dudley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2003)
    • 1928 – Jacques-Louis Lions, French mathematician (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Denise Lor, American singer and actress (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – Juan Gelman, Argentinian poet and author (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – David Harrison, English chemist and academic
    • 1931 – Vasily Rudenkov, Belarusian hammer thrower (d. 1982)
    • 1931 – Sait Maden, Turkish translator, poet, painter and graphic designer (d. 2013)
    • 1932 – Robert Osborne, American actor and historian (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – James Brown, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1933 – Steven Weinberg, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1934 – Henry Cooper, English boxer and sportscaster (d. 2011)
    • 1934 – Georges Moustaki, Egyptian-French singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Frankie Valli, American singer and actor
    • 1935 – Ron Popeil, American businessman, founded the Ronco Company
    • 1937 – Nélida Piñon, Brazilian author and academic
    • 1938 – Omar Abdel-Rahman, Egyptian terrorist
    • 1938 – Chris Cannizzaro, American baseball player
    • 1938 – Napoleon XIV, American singer, songwriter and record producer
    • 1939 – Jonathan Harvey, English composer and educator (d. 2012)
    • 1940 – David Koch, American engineer, businessman, and philanthropist (d. 2019)
    • 1940 – Clemens Westerhof, Dutch footballer and manager
    • 1941 – Alexander Harley, English general
    • 1941 – Edward Malloy, American priest and academic
    • 1942 – Věra Čáslavská, Czech gymnast and coach (d. 2016)
    • 1942 – Dave Marash, American journalist and sportscaster
    • 1942 – Butch Otter, American soldier and politician, 32nd Governor of Idaho
    • 1943 – Yukio Hashi, Japanese singer and actor
    • 1943 – Jim Risch, American lawyer and politician, 31st Governor of Idaho
    • 1943 – Vicente Saldivar, Mexican boxer (d. 1985)
    • 1944 – Peter Doyle, English bishop
    • 1944 – Pete Staples, English bass player
    • 1945 – Jörg Drehmel, German triple jumper and coach
    • 1945 – Davey Lopes, American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1946 – Norm Chow, American football player and coach
    • 1946 – Silvino Francisco, South African snooker player
    • 1946 – Greg Gumbel, American sportscaster
    • 1947 – Doug Henning, Canadian magician (d. 2000)
    • 1948 – Denis Cosgrove, British-American academic and geographer (d. 2008)
    • 1948 – Chris Mulkey, American actor
    • 1949 – Liam Donaldson, English physician and academic
    • 1949 – Ruth Lister, Baroness Lister of Burtersett, English academic and politician
    • 1949 – Ron Wyden, American academic and politician
    • 1950 – Mary Hopkin, Welsh singer-songwriter
    • 1950 – Dag Arnesen, Norwegian pianist and composer
    • 1951 – Alan Clayson, English singer-songwriter and journalist
    • 1951 – Christopher Cross, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1951 – Ashok Gehlot, Indian politician, 21st Chief Minister of Rajasthan
    • 1951 – Tatyana Tolstaya, Russian author and publicist
    • 1952 – Chuck Baldwin, American pastor and politician
    • 1952 – Caitlin Clarke, American actress (d. 2004)
    • 1952 – Joseph W. Tobin, American cardinal
    • 1953 – Bruce Hall, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer
    • 1953 – Jake Hooker, Israeli-American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1954 – Angela Bofill, American singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – Jean-Marc Roberts, French author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1955 – Stephen D. M. Brown, British geneticist
    • 1955 – Colin Deans, Scottish rugby player
    • 1955 – David Hookes, Australian cricketer, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2004)
    • 1955 – Seishirō Nishida, Japanese actor
    • 1956 – Marc Bellemare, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1957 – Alain Côté, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1957 – Rod Langway, Taiwanese-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1958 – Bill Sienkiewicz, American author and illustrator
    • 1958 – Sandi Toksvig, Danish-English comedian, writer, and broadcaster
    • 1959 – David Ball, English keyboard player and producer
    • 1959 – Uma Bharti, Indian activist and politician, 16th Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh
    • 1959 – Ben Elton, English actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Kathy Smallwood-Cook, English sprinter and educator
    • 1961 – Steve McClaren, English footballer and manager
    • 1961 – David Vitter, American lawyer and politician
    • 1961 – Leyla Zana, Kurdish activist and politician
    • 1962 – Anders Graneheim, Swedish bodybuilder
    • 1963 – Jeff Hornacek, American basketball player and coach
    • 1963 – Mona Siddiqui, Pakistani-Scottish journalist and academic
    • 1964 – Sterling Campbell, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1964 – Ron Hextall, Canadian-American ice hockey player and manager
    • 1965 – Ignatius Aphrem II, Syrian patriarch
    • 1965 – Mark Cousins, Northern Irish director, writer, cinematographer
    • 1965 – John Jensen, Danish footballer and coach
    • 1965 – Mikhail Prokhorov, Russian businessman
    • 1966 – Giorgos Agorogiannis, Greek footballer
    • 1966 – Frank Dietrich, German politician (d. 2011)
    • 1967 – Daniel Anderson, Australian rugby league coach and manager
    • 1967 – Kenneth Joel Hotz, Canadian producer, writer, director, actor, and comedian
    • 1968 – Viliami Ofahengaue, Tongan-Australian rugby player
    • 1971 – Douglas Carswell, British politician, the first elected MP for the UK Independence Party
    • 1972 – Stephen Barclay, English lawyer and politician
    • 1973 – Jamie Baulch, Welsh sprinter and television host
    • 1975 – Willie Geist, American television journalist and host
    • 1976 – Jeff Halpern, American ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Brad Scott, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1976 – Chris Scott, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1977 – Eric Church, American country music singer-songwriter
    • 1977 – Ryan Dempster, Canadian baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Tyronn Lue, American basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (d. 2017)
    • 1977 – Ben Olsen, American soccer player and coach
    • 1978 – Christian Annan, Ghanaian-Hong Kong footballer
    • 1978 – Paul Banks, English-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Dai Tamesue, Japanese hurdler
    • 1978 – Lawrence Tynes, American football player
    • 1979 – Steve Mack, American wrestler
    • 1979 – Anastasiya Shvedova, Belarusian pole vaulter
    • 1980 – Zuzana Ondrášková, Czech tennis player
    • 1982 – Igor Olshansky, Ukrainian-American football player
    • 1982 – Nick Stavinoha, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Joseph Addai, American football player
    • 1983 – Romeo Castelen, Dutch footballer
    • 1983 – Jérôme Clavier, French pole vaulter
    • 1983 – Márton Fülöp, Hungarian footballer (d. 2015)
    • 1985 – Ezequiel Lavezzi, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Kadri Lehtla, Estonian biathlete
    • 1985 – Miko Mälberg, Estonian swimmer
    • 1986 – Moon Byung-woo, South Korean footballer
    • 1987 – Lina Grinčikaitė, Lithuanian sprinter
    • 1988 – Ben Revere, American baseball player
    • 1988 – Paddy Holohan, Irish mixed martial artist
    • 1989 – Jesse Bromwich, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1989 – Katinka Hosszú, Hungarian swimmer
    • 1990 – Brooks Koepka, American golfer
    • 1991 – Samuel Seo, South Korean musician
    • 1992 – Aaron Whitchurch, Australian rugby league player
    • 1995 – Ivan Bukavshin, Russian chess player (d. 2016)
    • 1996 – Mary Cain, American runner
    • 1996 – Alex Iwobi, Nigerian football player
    • 1996 – Domantas Sabonis, Lithuanian basketball player
    • 1997 – Desiigner, American rapper
    • 1997 – Dwayne Haskins, American football player
    • 1997 – Ivana Jorović, Serbian tennis player

    Deaths on May 3

    • 678 – Tōchi, Japanese princess
    • 738 – Uaxaclajuun Ub’aah K’awiil, Mayan ruler (ajaw)
    • 1152 – Matilda of Boulogne (b. 1105)
    • 1270 – Béla IV of Hungary (b. 1206)
    • 1294 – John I, Duke of Brabant (b. 1252)
    • 1330 – Alexios II Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond (b. 1282)
    • 1410 – Antipope Alexander V
    • 1481 – Mehmed the Conqueror, Ottoman sultan (b. 1432)
    • 1501 – John Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, English Baron (b. 1463)
    • 1524 – Richard Grey, 3rd Earl of Kent, English peer (b. 1481)
    • 1534 – Juana de la Cruz Vazquez Gutierrez, Spanish Roman Catholic nun and venerable (b. 1481)
    • 1589 – Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1528)
    • 1606 – Henry Garnet, English priest and author (b. 1555)
    • 1621 – Elizabeth Bacon, English Tudor gentlewoman (b. 1541)
    • 1679 – James Sharp, Scottish archbishop (b. 1613)
    • 1693 – Claude de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French courtier (b. 1607)
    • 1704 – Heinrich Ignaz Franz Biber, Czech-Austrian violinist and composer (b. 1644)
    • 1724 – John Leverett the Younger, American lawyer, academic, and politician (b. 1662)
    • 1750 – John Willison, Scottish minister and author (b. 1680)
    • 1752 – Samuel Ogle, English-American captain and politician, 5th Governor of Restored Proprietary Government (b. 1692)
    • 1758 – Pope Benedict XIV (b. 1675)
    • 1763 – George Psalmanazar, French-English author (b. 1679)
    • 1764 – Francesco Algarotti, Italian philosopher, poet, and critic (b. 1712)
    • 1779 – John Winthrop, American mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1714)
    • 1793 – Martin Gerbert, German historian and theologian (b. 1720)
    • 1839 – Ferdinando Paer, Italian composer (b. 1771)
    • 1856 – Adolphe Adam, French composer and critic (b. 1803)
    • 1856 – Louis-Étienne Saint-Denis, Arab-French servant to Napoleon I (b. 1788)
    • 1882 – Leonidas Smolents, Austrian–Greek general and army minister (b. 1806)
    • 1910 – Howard Taylor Ricketts, American pathologist (b. 1871)
    • 1916 – Tom Clarke, Irish rebel (b. 1858)
    • 1916 – Thomas MacDonagh, Irish poet and rebel (b. 1878)
    • 1916 – Patrick Pearse, Irish teacher and rebel leader (b. 1879)
    • 1918 – Charlie Soong, Chinese businessman and missionary (b. 1863)
    • 1919 – Elizabeth Almira Allen, American educator (b. 1854)
    • 1921 – Théodore Pilette, Belgian race car driver (b. 1883)
    • 1925 – Clément Ader, French engineer, designed the Ader Avion III (b. 1841)
    • 1932 – Charles Fort, American journalist and author (b. 1874)
    • 1935 – Jessie Willcox Smith, American illustrator (b. 1863)
    • 1939 – Madeleine Desroseaux, French author and poet (b. 1873)
    • 1942 – Thorvald Stauning, Danish politician, 24th Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1873)
    • 1943 – Harry Miller, American engineer (b. 1875)
    • 1948 – Ernst Tandefelt, Finnish assassin of Heikki Ritavuori (b. 1876)
    • 1949 – Fanny Walden, English footballer and cricketer (b. 1888)
    • 1958 – Frank Foster, English cricketer (b. 1889)
    • 1969 – Zakir Husain, Indian academic and politician, 3rd President of India (b. 1897)
    • 1970 – Cemil Gürgen Erlertürk, Turkish footballer, coach, and pilot (b. 1918)
    • 1972 – Kenneth Bailey, Australian lawyer and diplomat, Australian High Commissioner to Canada (b. 1898)
    • 1972 – Emil Breitkreutz, American runner and coach (b. 1883)
    • 1972 – Bruce Cabot, American actor (b. 1904)
    • 1978 – Bill Downs, American journalist (b. 1914)
    • 1981 – Nargis, Indian actress (b. 1929)
    • 1986 – Robert Alda, American actor (b. 1914)
    • 1987 – Dalida, Italian singer, actress, dancer, and model (b. 1933)
    • 1988 – Lev Pontryagin, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1908)
    • 1989 – Christine Jorgensen, American trans woman (b. 1926)
    • 1991 – Jerzy Kosiński, Polish-American novelist and screenwriter (b. 1933)
    • 1992 – George Murphy, American actor, dancer, and politician (b. 1902)
    • 1996 – Dimitri Fampas, Greek guitarist, composer, and educator (b. 1921)
    • 1996 – Alex Kellner, American baseball player (b. 1924)
    • 1996 – Jack Weston, American actor (b. 1924)
    • 1997 – Sébastien Enjolras, French race car driver (b. 1976)
    • 1997 – Narciso Yepes, Spanish guitarist and composer (b. 1927)
    • 1998 – Gene Raymond, American actor (b. 1908)
    • 1999 – Joe Adcock, American baseball player and manager (b. 1927)
    • 1999 – Steve Chiasson, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1967)
    • 1999 – Godfrey Evans, English cricketer (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Júlia Báthory, Hungarian glass designer (b. 1901)
    • 2000 – John Joseph O’Connor, American cardinal (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – Barbara Castle, Baroness Castle of Blackburn, English politician, First Secretary of State (b. 1910)
    • 2002 – Yevgeny Svetlanov, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2003 – Suzy Parker, American model and actress (b. 1932)
    • 2004 – Ken Downing, English race car driver (b. 1917)
    • 2004 – Darrell Johnson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Karel Appel, Dutch painter, sculptor, and poet (b. 1921)
    • 2006 – Pramod Mahajan, Indian politician (b. 1949)
    • 2006 – Earl Woods, American colonel, baseball player, and author (b. 1932)
    • 2007 – Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss illustrator (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Wally Schirra, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1923)
    • 2007 – Knock Yokoyama, Japanese politician (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, Spanish engineer and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1926)
    • 2009 – Renée Morisset, Canadian pianist (b. 1928)
    • 2009 – Ram Balkrushna Shewalkar, Indian author and critic (b. 1931)
    • 2010 – Roy Carrier, American accordion player (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Peter O’Donnell, English soldier and author (b. 1920)
    • 2010 – Guenter Wendt, German-American engineer (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Jackie Cooper, American actor, television director, producer and executive (b. 1922)
    • 2011 – Sergo Kotrikadze, Georgian footballer and manager (b. 1936)
    • 2011 – Thanasis Veggos, Greek actor and director (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Jorge Illueca, Panamanian politician, 30th President of Panama (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Felix Werder, German-Australian composer, conductor, and critic (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Joe Astroth, American baseball player (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Herbert Blau, American engineer and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Cedric Brooks, Jamaican-American saxophonist and flute player (b. 1943)
    • 2013 – Keith Carter, American swimmer and soldier (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Brad Drewett, Australian tennis player and sportscaster (b. 1958)
    • 2013 – David Morris Kern, American pharmacist, co-invented Orajel (b. 1909)
    • 2013 – Curtis Rouse, American football player (b. 1960)
    • 2013 – Branko Vukelić, Croatian politician, 11th Minister of Defence for Croatia (b. 1958)
    • 2014 – Gary Becker, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Francisco Icaza, Mexican painter (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Jim Oberstar, American educator and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Revaz Chkheidze, Georgian director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Danny Jones, Welsh rugby player (b. 1986)
    • 2015 – Warren Smith, American golfer and coach (b. 1915)
    • 2016 – Ian Deans, Canadian politician (b. 1937)
    • 2016 – Jadranka Stojaković, Yugoslav singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
    • 2017 – Daliah Lavi, Israeli actress, singer and model (b. 1942)

    Holidays and observances on May 3

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)
      • Antonia and Alexander
      • Juvenal of Narni
      • Moura (Coptic Church)
      • Philip and James the Lesser
      • Pope Alexander I
      • Sarah the Martyr (Coptic Church)
      • The Most Holy Virgin Mary, Queen of Poland
      • Theodosius of Kiev (Eastern Orthodox Church)
      • May 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Memorial Day (Japan)
    • Constitution Day (Poland)
    • Finding of the Holy Cross-related observances:
      • Fiesta de las Cruces (Spain and Hispanic America)
      • Roodmas, or Feast of the Finding of the Holy Cross (Gallican Rite of the Catholic Church)
    • Sun Day (International)
    • World Press Freedom Day

  • April 15 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 769 – The Lateran Council condemned the Council of Hieria and anathematized its iconoclastic rulings.
    • 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard.
    • 1395 – Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde at the Battle of the Terek River. The Golden Horde capital city, Sarai, is razed to the ground and Timur installs a puppet ruler on the throne.
    • 1450 – Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years’ War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English forces, ending English domination in Northern France.
    • 1632 – Battle of Rain: Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeat the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years’ War.
    • 1642 – Irish Confederate Wars: A Confederate Irish militia is routed in the Battle of Kilrush when it attempts to halt the progress of a Royalist Army.
    • 1715 – The Pocotaligo Massacre triggers the start of the Yamasee War in colonial South Carolina.
    • 1736 – Foundation of the Kingdom of Corsica.
    • 1738 – Serse, an Italian opera by George Frideric Handel receives its premiere performance in London, England.
    • 1755 – Samuel Johnson’s A Dictionary of the English Language is published in London.
    • 1783 – Preliminary articles of peace ending the American Revolutionary War (or American War of Independence) are ratified.
    • 1817 – Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Laurent Clerc founded the American School for the Deaf, the first American school for deaf students, in Hartford, Connecticut.
    • 1861 – President Abraham Lincoln calls for 75,000 Volunteers to quell the insurrection that soon became the American Civil War.
    • 1865 – President Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by actor John Wilkes Booth. Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes President upon Lincoln’s death.
    • 1892 – The General Electric Company is formed.
    • 1896 – Closing ceremony of the Games of the I Olympiad in Athens, Greece.
    • 1900 – Philippine–American War: Filipino guerrillas launch a surprise attack on U.S. infantry and begin a four-day siege of Catubig, Philippines.
    • 1907 – Triangle Fraternity is founded at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.
    • 1912 – The British passenger liner RMS Titanic sinks in the North Atlantic at 2:20 a.m., two hours and forty minutes after hitting an iceberg. Only 710 of 2,227 passengers and crew on board survive.
    • 1920 – Two security guards are murdered during a robbery in South Braintree, Massachusetts. Anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti would be convicted of and executed for the crime, amid much controversy.
    • 1922 – U.S. Senator John B. Kendrick of Wyoming introduces a resolution calling for an investigation of a secret land deal, which leads to the discovery of the Teapot Dome scandal.
    • 1923 – Insulin becomes generally available for use by people with diabetes.
    • 1924 – Rand McNally publishes its first road atlas.
    • 1936 – First day of the Arab revolt in Mandatory Palestine.
    • 1941 – In the Belfast Blitz, two-hundred bombers of the German Luftwaffe attack Belfast, killing around one thousand people.
    • 1942 – The George Cross is awarded “to the island fortress of Malta” by King George VI.
    • 1945 – Bergen-Belsen concentration camp is liberated.
    • 1947 – Jackie Robinson debuts for the Brooklyn Dodgers, breaking baseball’s color line.
    • 1952 – First flight of the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress.
    • 1955 – McDonald’s restaurant dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc, in Des Plaines, Illinois.
    • 1960 – At Shaw University in Raleigh, North Carolina, Ella Baker leads a conference that results in the creation of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, one of the principal organizations of the civil rights movement in the 1960s.
    • 1969 – The EC-121 shootdown incident: North Korea shoots down a United States Navy aircraft over the Sea of Japan, killing all 31 onboard.
    • 1970 – During the Cambodian Civil War, massacre of the Vietnamese minority results in 800 bodies flowing down the Mekong river into South Vietnam.
    • 1986 – The United States launches Operation El Dorado Canyon, its bombing raids against Libyan targets in response to a discotheque bombing in West Germany that killed two U.S. servicemen.
    • 1989 – Hillsborough disaster: A human crush occurs at Hillsborough Stadium, home of Sheffield Wednesday, in the FA Cup Semi-final, resulting in the deaths of 96 Liverpool fans.
    • 1989 – Upon Hu Yaobang’s death, the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 begin in China.
    • 1994 – Marrakesh Agreement relating to foundation of World Trade Organization is adopted.
    • 2013 – Two bombs explode near the finish line at the Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts, killing three people and injuring 264 others.
    • 2013 – A wave of bombings across Iraq kills at least 75 people.
    • 2014 – In the worst massacre of the South Sudanese Civil War, at least 200 civilians were gunned down after seeking refuge in houses of worship as well as hospitals.
    • 2019 – The cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris in France is seriously damaged by a large fire.

    Births on April 15

    • 68 BC – Gaius Maecenas, Roman politician (d. 8 BC)
    • 1282 – Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1329)
    • 1367 – Henry IV of England (d. 1413)
    • 1442 – John Paston, English noble (d. 1479)
    • 1452 – Leonardo da Vinci, Italian painter, sculptor, and architect (d. 1519)
    • 1469 – Guru Nanak, the first Sikh guru (d. 1539)
    • 1552 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician and astronomer (d. 1626)
    • 1563 – Guru Arjan Dev, fifth Sikh leader (d. 1606)
    • 1588 – Claudius Salmasius, French author and scholar (d. 1653)
    • 1592 – Francesco Maria Brancaccio, Catholic cardinal (d. 1675)
    • 1641 – Robert Sibbald, Scottish physician and geographer (d. 1722)
    • 1642 – Suleiman II, Ottoman sultan (d. 1691)
    • 1646 – Christian V of Denmark (d. 1699)
    • 1684 – Catherine I of Russia (d. 1727)
    • 1688 – Johann Friedrich Fasch, German violinist and composer (d. 1758)
    • 1707 – Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1783)
    • 1710 – William Cullen, Scottish physician and chemist (d. 1790)
    • 1741 – Charles Willson Peale, American painter and soldier (d. 1827)
    • 1771 – Nicolas Chopin, French-Polish educator (d. 1844)
    • 1772 – Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, French biologist and zoologist (d. 1844)
    • 1793 – Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, German astronomer and academic (d. 1864)
    • 1795 – Maria Schicklgruber, mother of Alois Hitler and the paternal grandmother of Adolf Hitler (d.1847)
    • 1800 – James Clark Ross, English captain and explorer (d. 1862)
    • 1808 – William Champ, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Tasmania (d. 1892)
    • 1809 – Hermann Grassmann, German linguist and mathematician (d. 1877)
    • 1817 – William Crowther, Dutch-Australian politician, 14th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1885)
    • 1828 – Jean Danjou, French captain (d. 1863)
    • 1832 – Wilhelm Busch, German poet, painter, and illustrator (d. 1908)
    • 1841 – Mary Grant Roberts, Australian zoo owner (d. 1921)
    • 1841 – Joseph E. Seagram, Canadian businessman and politician, founded the Seagram Company Ltd (d. 1919)
    • 1843 – Henry James, American novelist, short story writer, and critic (d. 1916)
    • 1856 – Jean Moréas, Greek poet and critic (d. 1910)
    • 1858 – Émile Durkheim, French sociologist, psychologist, and philosopher (d. 1917)
    • 1861 – Bliss Carman, Canadian-British poet and playwright (d. 1929)
    • 1863 – Ida Freund, Austrian-born chemist and educator (d. 1914)
    • 1874 – George Harrison Shull, American botanist and geneticist (d. 1954)
    • 1874 – Johannes Stark, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
    • 1875 – James J. Jeffries, American boxer and promoter (d. 1953)
    • 1877 – Georg Kolbe, German sculptor (d. 1947)
    • 1878 – Robert Walser, Swiss author and playwright (d. 1956)
    • 1879 – Melville Henry Cane, American lawyer and poet (d. 1980)
    • 1883 – Stanley Bruce, Australian captain and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Tadeusz Kutrzeba, Polish general (d. 1947)
    • 1886 – Nikolay Gumilyov, Russian poet and critic (d. 1921)
    • 1887 – William Forgan Smith, Scottish-Australian politician, 24th Premier of Queensland (d. 1953)
    • 1888 – Maximilian Kronberger, German poet and author (d. 1904)
    • 1889 – Thomas Hart Benton, American painter and educator (d. 1975)
    • 1889 – A. Philip Randolph, American activist (d. 1979)
    • 1890 – Percy Shaw, English businessman, invented the cat’s eye (d. 1976)
    • 1892 – Theo Osterkamp, German general and pilot (d. 1975)
    • 1892 – Corrie ten Boom, Dutch-American clocksmith, Nazi resister, and author (d. 1983)
    • 1894 – Nikita Khrushchev, Russian general and politician, 7th Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1971)
    • 1894 – Bessie Smith, African-American singer and actress (d. 1937)
    • 1895 – Clark McConachy, New Zealand snooker player (d. 1980)
    • 1895 – Abigail Mejia, Dominican feminist activist, nationalist, literary critic and educator (d. 1941)
    • 1896 – Nikolay Semyonov, Russian physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
    • 1898 – Harry Edward, Guyanese-English sprinter (d. 1973)
    • 1901 – Joe Davis, English snooker player (d. 1978)
    • 1901 – Ajoy Mukherjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 1986)
    • 1901 – René Pleven, French businessman and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1993)
    • 1902 – Fernando Pessa, Portuguese journalist (d. 2002)
    • 1903 – John Williams, English-American actor (d. 1983)
    • 1904 – Arshile Gorky, Armenian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1948)
    • 1907 – Nikolaas Tinbergen, Dutch-English ethologist and ornithologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
    • 1908 – eden ahbez, Scottish-American songwriter and recording artist (d. 1995)
    • 1908 – Lita Grey, American actress (d. 1995)
    • 1910 – Sulo Bärlund, Finnish shot putter (d. 1986)
    • 1910 – Miguel Najdorf, Polish-Argentinian chess player and theoretician (d. 1997)
    • 1912 – William Congdon, American-Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – Kim Il-sung, North Korean general and politician, 1st Supreme Leader of North Korea (d. 1994)
    • 1915 – Elizabeth Catlett, African-American sculptor and illustrator (d. 2012)
    • 1916 – Alfred S. Bloomingdale, American businessman (d. 1982)
    • 1916 – Helene Hanff, American author and screenwriter (d. 1997)
    • 1917 – Hans Conried, American actor (d. 1982)
    • 1917 – Elmer Gedeon, American baseball player and bomber pilot (d. 1944)
    • 1917 – James Kee, American lawyer and politician (d. 1989)
    • 1918 – Hans Billian, German film director, screenwriter, and actor (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Alberto Breccia, Uruguayan-Argentinian author and illustrator (d. 1993)
    • 1920 – Godfrey Stafford, English-South African physicist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Thomas Szasz, Hungarian-American psychiatrist and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Richard von Weizsäcker, German soldier and politician, 6th President of Germany (d. 2015)
    • 1921 – Georgy Beregovoy, Ukrainian-Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1995)
    • 1921 – Angelo DiGeorge, American physician and endocrinologist (d. 2009)
    • 1922 – Michael Ansara, Syrian-American actor (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Hasrat Jaipuri, Indian poet and songwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Harold Washington, American lawyer and politician, 51st Mayor of Chicago (d. 1987)
    • 1922 – Graham Whitehead, English racing driver (d. 1981)
    • 1923 – Artur Alliksaar, Estonian poet and author (d. 1966)
    • 1923 – Robert DePugh, American activist, founded the Minutemen (an anti-Communist organization) (d. 2009)
    • 1924 – M. Canagaratnam, Sri Lankan politician (d. 1980)
    • 1924 – Rikki Fulton, Scottish comedian (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – Neville Marriner, English violinist and conductor (d. 2016)
    • 1927 – Robert Mills, American physicist and academic (d. 1999)
    • 1929 – Gérald Beaudoin, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2008)
    • 1929 – Adrian Cadbury, English rower and businessman (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – Georges Descrières, French actor (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, Icelandic educator and politician, 4th President of Iceland
    • 1931 – Kenneth Bloomfield, Northern Irish civil servant
    • 1931 – Tomas Tranströmer, Swedish poet, translator, and psychologist Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
    • 1933 – Roy Clark, American musician and television personality (d. 2018)
    • 1933 – David Hamilton, English-French photographer and director (d. 2016)
    • 1933 – Elizabeth Montgomery, American actress and producer (d. 1995)
    • 1935 – Stavros Paravas, Greek actor and producer (d. 2008)
    • 1936 – Raymond Poulidor, French cyclist
    • 1937 – Bob Luman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1978)
    • 1938 – Claudia Cardinale, Italian actress
    • 1938 – Hso Khan Pha, Burmese-Canadian geologist and politician (d. 2016)
    • 1939 – Marty Wilde, English singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1939 – Desiré Ecaré, Ivorian filmmaker (d. 2009)
    • 1940 – Jeffrey Archer, English author, playwright, and politician
    • 1940 – Penelope Coelen, South African actress, model, beauty queen and 1958 Miss World
    • 1940 – Willie Davis, American baseball player and actor (d. 2010)
    • 1940 – Robert Lacroix, Canadian economist and academic
    • 1941 – Howard Berman, American lawyer and politician
    • 1942 – Francis X. DiLorenzo, American bishop (d. 2017)
    • 1942 – Walt Hazzard, American basketball player and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1942 – Kenneth Lay, American businessman (d. 2006)
    • 1942 – Tim Lankester, English economist and academic
    • 1943 – Pınar Kür, Turkish author, playwright, and academic
    • 1943 – Robert Lefkowitz, American physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1943 – Veronica Linklater, Baroness Linklater, English politician
    • 1943 – Hugh Thompson, Jr., American soldier and pilot (d. 2006)
    • 1944 – Dzhokhar Dudayev, Russian-Chechen general and politician, 1st President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (d. 1996)
    • 1944 – Dave Edmunds, Welsh singer, guitarist, and producer
    • 1946 – John Lloyd, Scottish journalist and author
    • 1946 – Pete Rouse, American politician, White House Chief of Staff
    • 1947 – Linda Bloodworth-Thomason, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1947 – Martin Broughton, English businessman
    • 1947 – Lois Chiles, American model and actress
    • 1947 – David Omand, English civil servant and academic
    • 1947 – Cristina Husmark Pehrsson, Swedish nurse and politician, Swedish Minister for Social Security
    • 1947 – Woolly Wolstenholme, English singer and keyboard player (d. 2010)
    • 1948 – Christopher Brown, English historian, curator, and academic
    • 1948 – Michael Kamen, American composer and conductor (d. 2003)
    • 1948 – Phil Mogg, English singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1949 – Alla Pugacheva, Russian singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1949 – Craig Zadan, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2018)
    • 1950 – Josiane Balasko, French actress, director, and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Amy Wright, American actress
    • 1950 – Karel Kroupa, Czech football player
    • 1951 – Heloise, American journalist and author
    • 1951 – John L. Phillips, American captain and astronaut
    • 1951 – Stuart Prebble, English journalist and producer
    • 1951 – Marsha Ivins, American engineer and astronaut
    • 1952 – Kym Gyngell, Australian actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Brian Muir, English sculptor and set designer
    • 1952 – Avital Ronell, Czech-American philosopher and academic
    • 1955 – Dodi Fayed, Egyptian film producer (d. 1997)
    • 1955 – Joice Mujuru, Zimbabwean politician
    • 1956 – Michael Cooper, American basketball player and coach
    • 1957 – Evelyn Ashford, American runner and coach
    • 1958 – Keith Acton, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1958 – John Bracewell, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1958 – Memos Ioannou, Greek basketball player and coach
    • 1958 – Benjamin Zephaniah, English actor, author, poet, and playwright
    • 1959 – Fruit Chan, Chinese director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1959 – Kevin Lowe, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
    • 1959 – Emma Thompson, English actress, comedian, author, activist and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Pierre Aubry, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1960 – Susanne Bier, Danish director and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Pedro Delgado, Spanish cyclist and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Tony Jones, English snooker player
    • 1961 – Neil Carmichael, English academic and politician
    • 1961 – Carol W. Greider, American molecular biologist
    • 1961 – Dawn Wright, American geographer and oceanographer
    • 1962 – Nawal El Moutawakel, Moroccan athlete and politician
    • 1962 – Tom Kane, American voice actor
    • 1963 – Alex Crawford, Nigerian-South African journalist
    • 1963 – Manzoor Elahi, Pakistani cricketer
    • 1963 – Manoj Prabhakar, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Andre Joubert, South African rugby player
    • 1964 – Lee Kernaghan, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Linda Perry, American singer-songwriter, musician and record producer
    • 1965 – Kevin Stevens, American ice hockey player
    • 1966 – Samantha Fox, English singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1966 – Mott Green, American businessman (d. 2013)
    • 1967 – Frankie Poullain, Scottish bass player and songwriter
    • 1967 – Dara Torres, American swimmer and journalist
    • 1968 – Ben Clarke, English rugby player and coach
    • 1968 – Brahim Lahlafi, Moroccan-French runner
    • 1968 – Ed O’Brien, English guitarist
    • 1969 – Jeromy Burnitz, American baseball player
    • 1969 – Kaisa Roose, Estonian pianist and conductor
    • 1969 – Jimmy Waite, Canadian-German ice hockey player and coach
    • 1970 – Chris Huffins, American decathlete and coach
    • 1971 – Philippe Carbonneau, French rugby player
    • 1971 – Finidi George, Nigerian footballer
    • 1971 – Jason Sehorn, American football player
    • 1971 – Josia Thugwane, South African runner
    • 1971 – Karl Turner, English lawyer and politician
    • 1972 – Arturo Gatti, Italian-Canadian boxer (d. 2009)
    • 1972 – Lou Romano, American animator and voice actor
    • 1974 – Kim Min-kyo, South Korean actor and director
    • 1974 – Danny Pino, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Mike Quinn, American football player
    • 1974 – Douglas Spain, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1974 – Tim Thomas, American ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Sarah Teichmann, German-American biophysicist and immunologist
    • 1976 – Jason Bonsignore, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1976 – Darius Regelskis, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1976 – Kęstutis Šeštokas, Lithuanian basketball player
    • 1976 – Steve Williams, English rower
    • 1977 – Sudarsan Pattnaik, Indian sculptor
    • 1977 – Brian Pothier, American ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Milton Bradley, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Tim Corcoran, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Luis Fonsi, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1978 – Chris Stapleton, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1980 – Patrick Carney, American drummer, musician, and producer
    • 1980 – James Foster, English cricketer
    • 1980 – Raül López, Spanish basketball player
    • 1980 – Willie Mason, New Zealand-Australian rugby league player
    • 1980 – Aida Mollenkamp, American chef and author
    • 1980 – Billy Yates, American football player
    • 1981 – Andrés D’Alessandro, Argentinian footballer
    • 1982 – Michael Aubrey, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Anthony Green, American singer-songwriter
    • 1982 – Seth Rogen, Canadian-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1983 – Alice Braga, Brazilian actress
    • 1983 – Matt Cardle, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1983 – Dudu Cearense, Brazilian footballer
    • 1983 – Andreas Fransson, Swedish skier (d. 2014)
    • 1983 – Ilya Kovalchuk, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Martin Pedersen, Danish cyclist
    • 1984 – Antonio Cromartie, American football player
    • 1984 – Cam Janssen, American ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Daniel Paille, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Ryan Hamilton, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Tom Heaton, English footballer
    • 1986 – Sylvain Marveaux, French footballer
    • 1988 – Blake Ayshford, Australian rugby league player
    • 1988 – Steven Defour, Belgian footballer
    • 1988 – Chris Tillman, American baseball pitcher
    • 1989 – Darren Nicholls, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Emma Watson, English actress
    • 1991 – Daiki Arioka, Japanese idol, singer, and actor
    • 1991 – Javier Fernández López, Spanish figure skater
    • 1992 – Jeremy McGovern, Australian rules football player
    • 1994 – Brodie Grundy, Australian rules football player
    • 1994 – Shaunae Miller-Uibo, Bahamian sprinter
    • 1995 – Leander Dendoncker, Belgian footballer
    • 1999 – Denis Shapovalov, Canadian tennis player
    • 2001 – Shanti Dope, Filipino rapper

    Deaths on April 15

    • 628 – Suiko, emperor of Japan (b. 554)
    • 943 – Liu Bin, emperor of Southern Han (b. 920)
    • 956 – Lin Yanyu, Chinese court official and eunuch
    • 1053 – Godwin, Earl of Wessex (b. 1001)
    • 1136 – Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare (b. 1094)
    • 1220 – Adolf of Altena, German archbishop (b. 1157)
    • 1237 – Richard Poore, English ecclesiastic
    • 1415 – Manuel Chrysoloras, Greek philosopher and translator (b. 1355)
    • 1446 – Filippo Brunelleschi, Italian sculptor and architect (b. 1377)
    • 1502 – John IV of Chalon-Arlay, Prince of Orange (b. 1443)
    • 1558 – Roxelana, wife of Suleiman the Magnificent (b. c. 1500)
    • 1610 – Robert Persons, English Jesuit priest, insurrectionist, and author (b. 1546)
    • 1632 – George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, English politician, English Secretary of State (b. 1580)
    • 1652 – Patriarch Joseph of Moscow, Russian patriarch
    • 1659 – Simon Dach, German poet and hymnwriter (b. 1605)
    • 1719 – Françoise d’Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon, French wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1635)
    • 1754 – Jacopo Riccati, Italian mathematician and academic (b. 1676)
    • 1761 – Archibald Campbell, 3rd Duke of Argyll, Scottish lawyer and politician, Lord President of the Court of Session (b. 1682)
    • 1761 – William Oldys, English historian and author (b. 1696)
    • 1764 – Peder Horrebow, Danish astronomer and mathematician (b. 1679)
    • 1765 – Mikhail Lomonosov, Russian chemist and physicist (b. 1711)
    • 1788 – Giuseppe Bonno, Austrian composer (b. 1711)
    • 1793 – Ignacije Szentmartony, Croatian priest, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1718)
    • 1854 – Arthur Aikin, English chemist and mineralogist (b. 1773)
    • 1861 – Sylvester Jordan, Austrian-German lawyer and politician (b. 1792)
    • 1865 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (b. 1809)
    • 1888 – Matthew Arnold, English poet and critic (b. 1822)
    • 1889 – Father Damien, Belgian priest and saint (b. 1840)
    • 1898 – Te Keepa Te Rangihiwinui, New Zealand commander and politician
    • 1912 – Victims of the Titanic disaster:
      • Thomas Andrews, Irish shipbuilder (b. 1873)
      • John Jacob Astor IV, American colonel, businessman, and author (b. 1864)
      • Archibald Butt, American general and journalist (b. 1865)
      • Jacques Futrelle, American journalist and author (b. 1875)
      • Benjamin Guggenheim, American businessman (b. 1865)
      • Henry B. Harris, American producer and manager (b. 1866)
      • Wallace Hartley, English violinist and bandleader (b. 1878)
      • James Paul Moody, English Sixth Officer (b. 1887)
      • William McMaster Murdoch, Scottish First Officer (b. 1873)
      • Jack Phillips, English telegraphist (b. 1887)
      • Edward Smith, English Captain (b. 1850)
      • William Thomas Stead, English journalist (b. 1849)
      • Ida Straus, German-American businesswoman (b. 1849)
      • Isidor Straus, German-American businessman and politician (b. 1845)
      • John B. Thayer, American business and sportsman (b. 1862)
      • Henry Tingle Wilde, English chief officer (b. 1872)
    • 1917 – János Murkovics, Slovene author, poet, and educator (b. 1839)
    • 1927 – Gaston Leroux, French journalist and author (b. 1868)
    • 1938 – César Vallejo, Peruvian journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1892)
    • 1942 – Robert Musil, Austrian-Swiss author and playwright (b. 1880)
    • 1943 – Aristarkh Lentulov, Russian painter and set designer (b. 1882)
    • 1944 – Nikolai Fyodorovich Vatutin, Russian general (b. 1901)
    • 1945 – Hermann Florstedt, German SS officer (b. 1895)
    • 1948 – Radola Gajda, Montenegrin-Czech general and politician (b. 1892)
    • 1949 – Wallace Beery, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1885)
    • 1962 – Clara Blandick, American actress (b. 1880)
    • 1962 – Arsenio Lacson, Filipino journalist and politician, Mayor of Manila (b. 1912)
    • 1963 – Edward Greeves, Jr., Australian footballer (b. 1903)
    • 1966 – Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury, Bengali politician, writer, journalist, first health minister of East Pakistan
    • 1967 – Totò, Italian comedian (b. 1898)
    • 1971 – Gurgen Boryan, Armenian poet and playwright (b. 1915)
    • 1971 – Friedebert Tuglas, Estonian author and critic (b. 1886)
    • 1979 – David Brand, Australian politician, 19th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1912)
    • 1980 – Raymond Bailey, American actor and soldier (b. 1904)
    • 1980 – Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
    • 1982 – Arthur Lowe, English actor (b. 1915)
    • 1984 – Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedian and magician (b. 1921)
    • 1986 – Jean Genet, French novelist, poet, and playwright (b. 1910)
    • 1988 – Kenneth Williams, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 1989 – Hu Yaobang, Chinese soldier and politician, former General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (b. 1915)
    • 1990 – Greta Garbo, Swedish-American actress (b. 1905)
    • 1993 – Leslie Charteris, English author and screenwriter (b. 1907)
    • 1993 – John Tuzo Wilson, Canadian geophysicist and geologist (b. 1908)
    • 1998 – William Congdon, American-Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1912)
    • 1998 – Pol Pot, Cambodian general and politician, 29th Prime Minister of Cambodia (b. 1925)
    • 1999 – Harvey Postlethwaite, English engineer (b. 1944)
    • 2000 – Edward Gorey, American poet and illustrator (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – Joey Ramone, American singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
    • 2002 – Damon Knight, American author and critic (b. 1922)
    • 2002 – Byron White, American football player, lawyer, and jurist, 4th United States Deputy Attorney General (b. 1917)
    • 2004 – Mitsuteru Yokoyama, Japanese illustrator (b. 1934)
    • 2007 – Brant Parker, American illustrator (b. 1920)
    • 2008 – Krister Stendahl, Swedish bishop, theologian, and scholar (b. 1921)
    • 2009 – Clement Freud, German-English journalist, academic, and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2009 – László Tisza, Hungarian-American physicist and academic (b. 1907)
    • 2009 – Salih Neftçi, Turkish economist and author (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Jack Herer, American author and activist (b. 1939)
    • 2010 – Michael Pataki, American actor and director (b. 1938)
    • 2011 – Vittorio Arrigoni, Italian journalist, author, and activist (b. 1975)
    • 2012 – Paul Bogart, American director and producer (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Dwayne Schintzius, American basketball player (b. 1968)
    • 2013 – Benjamin Fain, Ukrainian-Israeli physicist and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Richard LeParmentier, American-English actor and screenwriter (b. 1946)
    • 2013 – Jean-François Paillard, French conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – John Houbolt, American engineer and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Eliseo Verón, Argentinian sociologist and academic (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – Jonathan Crombie, Canadian-American actor and screenwriter (b. 1966)
    • 2015 – Surya Bahadur Thapa, Nepalese politician, 24th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1928)
    • 2017 – Clifton James, American actor (b. 1920)
    • 2017 – Emma Morano, Italian supercentenarian, last person verified born in the 1800s (b. 1899)
    • 2018 – R. Lee Ermey, American actor (b. 1944)
    • 2018 – Vittorio Taviani, Italian film director and screenwriter (b. 1929)

    Holidays and observances on April 15

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abbo II of Metz
      • Father Damien (The Episcopal Church)
      • Hunna
      • Paternus of Avranches
      • April 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of the Sun (North Korea)
    • Earliest day on which Sechseläuten can fall, while April 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday in April. (Zürich)
    • Father Damien Day (Hawaii)
    • Hillsborough Disaster Memorial (Liverpool, England)
    • Jackie Robinson Day (United States)
    • National American Sign Language Day (United States)
    • One Boston Day (United States)
    • Poila Boishakh (Bengali New Year)
    • Tax Day, the official deadline for filing an individual tax return (or requesting an extension). (United States, Philippines)
    • Universal Day of Culture
    • World Art Day

  • April 14 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 43 BC – Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Caesar’s assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Aulus Hirtius.
    • AD 69 – Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho in the Battle of Bedriacum to take power over Rome.
    • AD 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, surrounds the Jewish capital with four Roman legions.
    • 193 – Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans).
    • 966 – After his marriage to the Christian Doubravka of Bohemia, the pagan ruler of the Polans, Mieszko I, converts to Christianity, an event considered to be the founding of the Polish state.
    • 972 – Co-Emperor Otto II, a son of Otto I (the Great), marries the Byzantine princess Theophanu. She is crowned empress by Pope John XIII at Rome.
    • 1028 – Henry III, son of Conrad, is elected King of Germany.
    • 1205 – Battle of Adrianople between Bulgarians and Crusaders.
    • 1294 – Temür, grandson of Kublai, is elected Khagan of the Mongols and Emperor of the Yuan dynasty with the reigning titles Oljeitu and Chengzong.
    • 1341 – Sack of Saluzzo (Italy) by Italian-Angevine troops under Manfred V, Marquess of Saluzzo.
    • 1434 – The foundation stone of Nantes Cathedral, France is laid.
    • 1471 – In England, the Yorkists under Edward IV defeat the Lancastrians under the Earl of Warwick at the Battle of Barnet; the Earl is killed and Edward IV resumes the throne.
    • 1561 – A celestial phenomenon is reported over Nuremberg, described as an aerial battle.
    • 1639 – Imperial forces are defeated by the Swedes at the Battle of Chemnitz. The Swedish victory prolongs the Thirty Years’ War and allows them to advance into Bohemia.
    • 1699 – Khalsa: The Sikh religion was formalised as the Khalsa – the brotherhood of Warrior-Saints – by Guru Gobind Singh in northern India, in accordance with the Nanakshahi calendar.
    • 1775 – The first abolition society in North America is established. The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage is organized in Philadelphia by Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush.
    • 1816 – Bussa, a slave in British-ruled Barbados, leads a slave rebellion and is killed. For this, he is remembered as the first national hero of Barbados.
    • 1828 – Noah Webster copyrights the first edition of his dictionary.
    • 1849 – Hungary declares itself independent of Austria with Lajos Kossuth as its leader.
    • 1865 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is shot in Ford’s Theatre by John Wilkes Booth; Lincoln died the next day.
    • 1865 – U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked at home by Lewis Powell.
    • 1881 – The Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight is fought in El Paso, Texas.
    • 1890 – The Pan-American Union is founded by the First International Conference of American States in Washington, D.C.
    • 1894 – The first ever commercial motion picture house opened in New York City using ten Kinetoscopes, a device for peep-show viewing of films.
    • 1900 – The Exposition Universelle begins.
    • 1902 – James Cash Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
    • 1906 – The Azusa Street Revival opens and will launch Pentecostalism as a worldwide movement.
    • 1908 – Hauser Dam, a steel dam on the Missouri River in Montana, U.S., fails, sending a surge of water 25 to 30 feet (7.6 to 9.1 m) high downstream.
    • 1909 – A massacre is organized by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population of Cilicia.
    • 1912 – The British passenger liner RMS Titanic hits an iceberg in the North Atlantic at 23:40 (sinks morning of April 15th).
    • 1927 – The first Volvo car premieres in Gothenburg, Sweden.
    • 1928 – The Bremen, a German Junkers W 33 type aircraft, reaches Greenly Island, Canada – the first successful transatlantic aeroplane flight from east to west.
    • 1931 – The Spanish Cortes deposes King Alfonso XIII and proclaims the Second Spanish Republic.
    • 1935 – The Black Sunday dust storm, considered one of the worst storms of the Dust Bowl, swept across the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles and neighboring areas.
    • 1939 – The Grapes of Wrath, by American author John Steinbeck is first published by the Viking Press.
    • 1940 – World War II: Royal Marines land in Namsos, Norway in preparation for a larger force to arrive two days later.
    • 1941 – World War II: German general Erwin Rommel attacks Tobruk.
    • 1944 – Bombay explosion: A massive explosion in Bombay harbor kills 300 and causes economic damage valued then at 20 million pounds.
    • 1945 – Razing of Friesoythe: The 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division deliberately destroyed the German town of Friesoythe on the orders of Major General Christopher Vokes.
    • 1958 – The Soviet satellite Sputnik 2 falls from orbit after a mission duration of 162 days. This was the first spacecraft to carry a living animal, a female dog named Laika, who likely lived only a few hours.
    • 1967 – Gnassingbé Eyadéma overthrows President of Togo Nicolas Grunitzky and installs himself as the new president, a title he would hold for the next 38 years.
    • 1978 – Tbilisi Demonstrations: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against Soviet attempts to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.
    • 1981 – STS-1: The first operational Space Shuttle, Columbia completes its first test flight.
    • 1986 – The heaviest hailstones ever recorded (1 kilogram (2.2 lb)) fall on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh, killing 92.
    • 1988 – The USS Samuel B. Roberts strikes a mine in the Persian Gulf during Operation Earnest Will.
    • 1988 – In a United Nations ceremony in Geneva, Switzerland, the Soviet Union signs an agreement pledging to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan.
    • 1991 – The Republic of Georgia introduces the post of President after its declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.
    • 1994 – In a U.S. friendly fire incident during Operation Provide Comfort in northern Iraq, two United States Air Force aircraft mistakenly shoot-down two United States Army helicopters, killing 26 people.
    • 1999 – NATO mistakenly bombs a convoy of ethnic Albanian refugees. Yugoslav officials say 75 people were killed.
    • 1999 – A severe hailstorm strikes Sydney, Australia causing A$2.3 billion in insured damages, the most costly natural disaster in Australian history.
    • 2002 – Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez returns to office two days after being ousted and arrested by the country’s military.
    • 2003 – The Human Genome Project is completed with 99% of the human genome sequenced to an accuracy of 99.99%.
    • 2003 – U.S. troops in Baghdad capture Abu Abbas, leader of the Palestinian group that killed an American on the hijacked cruise liner the MS Achille Lauro in 1985.
    • 2005 – The Oregon Supreme Court nullifies marriage licenses issued to same-sex couples a year earlier by Multnomah County.
    • 2006 – Twin blasts triggered by crude bombs during Asr prayer in Jama Masjid, Delhi injure 13 people.
    • 2010 – Nearly 2,700 are killed in a magnitude 6.9 earthquake in the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.
    • 2014 – Twin bomb blasts in Abuja, Nigeria, kill at least 75 people and injures 141 others.
    • 2014 – Two hundred seventy-six schoolgirls are abducted by Boko Haram in Chibok, Nigeria.
    • 2016 – In Japan, the foreshock of Kumamoto earthquakes occurs.

    Births on April 14

    • 1126 – Averroes, Spanish physician and philosopher (d. 1198)
    • 1204 – Henry I, king of Castile (d. 1217)
    • 1331 – Jeanne-Marie de Maille, French Roman Catholic saint (d. 1414)
    • 1527 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. 1598)
    • 1572 – Adam Tanner, Austrian mathematician, philosopher, and academic (d. 1632)
    • 1578 – Philip III of Spain (d. 1621)
    • 1629 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1695)
    • 1668 – Magnus Julius De la Gardie, Swedish general and politician (d. 1741)
    • 1678 – Abraham Darby I, English iron master (d. 1717)
    • 1709 – Charles Collé, French playwright and songwriter (d. 1783)
    • 1714 – Adam Gib, Scottish minister and author (d. 1788)
    • 1738 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1809)
    • 1741 – Emperor Momozono of Japan (d. 1762)
    • 1769 – Barthélemy Catherine Joubert, French general (d. 1799)
    • 1773 – Jean-Baptiste de Villèle, French politician, 6th Prime Minister of France (d. 1854)
    • 1788 – David G. Burnet, American politician, 2nd Vice-President of Texas (d. 1870)
    • 1800 – John Appold, English engineer (d. 1865)
    • 1812 – George Grey, Portuguese-New Zealand soldier, explorer, and politician, 11th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1898)
    • 1814 – Dimitri Kipiani, Georgian publicist and author (d. 1887)
    • 1819 – Harriett Ellen Grannis Arey, American educator, author, editor, and publisher (d. 1901)
    • 1827 – Augustus Pitt Rivers, English general, ethnologist, and archaeologist (d. 1900)
    • 1852 – Alexander Greenlaw Hamilton, Australian biologist (d. 1941)
    • 1854 – Martin Lipp, Estonian pastor and poet (d. 1923)
    • 1857 – Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (d. 1944)
    • 1865 – Alfred Hoare Powell, English architect, and designer and painter of pottery (d. 1960)
    • 1866 – Anne Sullivan, American educator (d. 1936)
    • 1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect, designed the AEG turbine factory (d. 1940)
    • 1870 – Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter and educator (d. 1905)
    • 1870 – Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 1929)
    • 1872 – Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Indian-English scholar and translator (d. 1953)
    • 1876 – Cecil Chubb, English barrister and one time owner of Stonehenge (d. 1934)
    • 1881 – Husain Salaahuddin, Maldivian poet and scholar (d. 1948)
    • 1882 – Moritz Schlick, German-Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1936)
    • 1886 – Ernst Robert Curtius, German philologist and scholar (d. 1956)
    • 1886 – Árpád Tóth, Hungarian poet and translator (d. 1928)
    • 1889 – Arnold J. Toynbee, English historian and academic (d. 1975)
    • 1891 – B. R. Ambedkar, Indian economist, jurist, and politician, 1st Indian Minister of Law and Justice (d. 1956)
    • 1891 – Otto Lasanen, Finnish wrestler (d. 1958)
    • 1892 – Juan Belmonte, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1962)
    • 1892 – V. Gordon Childe, Australian archaeologist and philologist (d. 1957)
    • 1892 – Claire Windsor, American actress (d. 1972)
    • 1902 – Sylvio Mantha, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and referee (d. 1974)
    • 1903 – Henry Corbin, French philosopher and academic (d. 1978)
    • 1903 – Ruth Svedberg, Swedish discus thrower and triathlete (d. 2002)
    • 1904 – John Gielgud, English actor, director, and producer (d. 2000)
    • 1905 – Elizabeth Huckaby, American author and educator (d. 1999)
    • 1905 – Georg Lammers, German sprinter (d. 1987)
    • 1905 – Jean Pierre-Bloch, French author and activist (d. 1999)
    • 1906 – Faisal of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabian king (d. 1975)
    • 1907 – François Duvalier, Haitian physician and politician, 40th President of Haiti (d. 1971)
    • 1912 – Robert Doisneau, French photographer and journalist (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – Georg Siimenson, Estonian footballer (d. 1978)
    • 1913 – Jean Fournet, French conductor (d. 2008)
    • 1916 – Don Willesee, Australian telegraphist and politician, 29th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (d. 2003)
    • 1917 – Valerie Hobson, English actress (d. 1998)
    • 1917 – Marvin Miller, American baseball executive (d. 2012)
    • 1918 – Mary Healy, American actress and singer (d. 2015)
    • 1919 – Shamshad Begum, Pakistani-Indian singer (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – K. Saraswathi Amma, Indian author and playwright (d. 1975)
    • 1920 – Ivor Forbes Guest, English lawyer, historian, and author (d. 2018)
    • 1921 – Thomas Schelling, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – Audrey Long, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Roberto De Vicenzo, Argentinian golfer (d. 2017)
    • 1924 – Shorty Rogers, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1994)
    • 1924 – Joseph Ruskin, American actor and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Mary Warnock, Baroness Warnock, English philosopher, and academic (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Abel Muzorewa, Zimbabwean minister and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Rod Steiger, American soldier and actor (d. 2002)
    • 1926 – Barbara Anderson, New Zealand author (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Frank Daniel, Czech director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1926 – Gloria Jean, American actress and singer (d. 2018)
    • 1926 – Liz Renay, American actress and author (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Alan MacDiarmid, New Zealand chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Dany Robin, French actress and singer (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Gerry Anderson, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Inez Andrews, African-American singer-songwriter (d. 2012)
    • 1930 – Martin Adolf Bormann, German priest and theologian (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Arnold Burns, American lawyer and politician, 21st United States Deputy Attorney General (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – René Desmaison, French mountaineer (d. 2007)
    • 1930 – Bradford Dillman, American actor and author (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Geoffrey Dalton, English admiral
    • 1931 – Paul Masnick, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1932 – Bill Bennett, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Premier of British Columbia (d. 2015)
    • 1932 – Atef Ebeid, Egyptian academic and politician, 47th Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2014)
    • 1932 – Loretta Lynn, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1932 – Cameron Parker, Scottish businessman and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Renfrewshire
    • 1933 – Paddy Hopkirk, Northern Irish racing driver
    • 1933 – Boris Strugatsky, Russian author (d. 2012)
    • 1933 – Yuri Oganessian, Armenian-Russian nuclear physicist
    • 1934 – Fredric Jameson, American philosopher and theorist
    • 1935 – Susan Cunliffe-Lister, Baroness Masham of Ilton, English table tennis player, swimmer, and politician
    • 1935 – John Oliver, English bishop
    • 1935 – Erich von Däniken, Swiss historian and author
    • 1936 – Arlene Martel, American actress and singer (d. 2014)
    • 1936 – Bobby Nichols, American golfer
    • 1936 – Frank Serpico, American-Italian soldier, police officer and lecturer
    • 1937 – Efi Arazi, Israeli businessman, founded the Scailex Corporation (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Sepp Mayerl, Austrian mountaineer (d. 2012)
    • 1938 – Mahmud Esad Coşan, Turkish author and academic (d. 2001)
    • 1940 – Julie Christie, English actress and activist
    • 1940 – David Hope, Baron Hope of Thornes, English archbishop and academic
    • 1940 – Richard Thompson, English physician and academic
    • 1941 – Pete Rose, American baseball player and manager
    • 1942 – Valeriy Brumel, Soviet high jumper (d. 2003)
    • 1942 – Valentin Lebedev, Russian engineer and astronaut
    • 1942 – Björn Rosengren, Swedish politician, Swedish Minister of Enterprise and Innovation
    • 1944 – John Sergeant, English journalist
    • 1945 – Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi, Samoan economist and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Samoa
    • 1945 – Ritchie Blackmore, English guitarist and songwriter
    • 1945 – Roger Frappier, Canadian producer, director and screenwriter
    • 1946 – Mireille Guiliano, French-American author
    • 1946 – Michael Sarris, Cypriot economist and politician, Cypriot Minister of Finance
    • 1946 – Knut Kristiansen, Norwegian pianist and orchestra leader
    • 1947 – Dominique Baudis, French journalist and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Bob Massie, Australian cricketer
    • 1948 – Berry Berenson, American model, actress, and photographer (d. 2001)
    • 1948 – Anastasios Papaligouras, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Justice
    • 1949 – Dave Gibbons, English author and illustrator
    • 1949 – DeAnne Julius, American-British economist and academic
    • 1949 – Chris Langham, English actor and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Chas Mortimer, English motorcycle racer
    • 1949 – John Shea, American actor and director
    • 1950 – Francis Collins, American physician and geneticist
    • 1950 – Péter Esterházy, Hungarian author (d. 2016)
    • 1951 – Milija Aleksic, English footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1951 – José Eduardo González Navas, Spanish politician
    • 1951 – Julian Lloyd Webber, English cellist, conductor, and educator
    • 1951 – Elizabeth Symons, Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean, English politician
    • 1952 – Kenny Aaronson, American bass player
    • 1952 – Mickey O’Sullivan, Irish footballer and manager
    • 1952 – David Urquhart, Scottish bishop
    • 1954 – Sue Hill, English pathologist and civil servant
    • 1954 – Katsuhiro Otomo, Japanese director, screenwriter, and illustrator
    • 1956 – Boris Šprem, Croatian lawyer and politician, 8th President of Croatian Parliament (d. 2012)
    • 1957 – Lothaire Bluteau, Canadian actor
    • 1957 – Mikhail Pletnev, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1958 – Peter Capaldi, Scottish actor
    • 1959 – Steve Byrnes, American sportscaster and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1959 – Marie-Thérèse Fortin, Canadian actress
    • 1960 – Brad Garrett, American actor and comedian
    • 1960 – Myoma Myint Kywe, Burmese historian and journalist
    • 1960 – Osamu Sato, Japanese graphic artist, programmer, and composer
    • 1960 – Tina Rosenberg, American journalist and author
    • 1960 – Pat Symcox, South African cricketer
    • 1961 – Robert Carlyle, Scottish actor and director
    • 1961 – Daniel Clowes, American cartoonist and screenwriter
    • 1962 – Guillaume Leblanc, Canadian athlete
    • 1964 – Brian Adams, American wrestler (d. 2007)
    • 1964 – Jeff Andretti, American race car driver
    • 1964 – Greg Battle, American-Canadian football player
    • 1964 – Stuart Duncan, American bluegrass musician
    • 1964 – Jeff Hopkins, Welsh international footballer and manager
    • 1964 – Gina McKee, English actress
    • 1965 – Tom Dey, American director and producer
    • 1965 – Alexandre Jardin, French author
    • 1965 – Craig McDermott, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1966 – André Boisclair, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1966 – Jan Boklöv, Swedish ski jumper
    • 1966 – David Justice, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Greg Maddux, American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1967 – Nicola Berti, Italian international footballer
    • 1967 – Steve Chiasson, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1999)
    • 1967 – Alain Côté, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1967 – Barrett Martin, American drummer, songwriter, and producer
    • 1967 – Julia Zemiro, French-Australian actress, comedian, singer and writer
    • 1968 – Anthony Michael Hall, American actor
    • 1969 – Brad Ausmus, American baseball player and manager
    • 1969 – Martyn LeNoble, Dutch-American bass player
    • 1969 – Vebjørn Selbekk, Norwegian journalist
    • 1970 – Steve Avery, American baseball player
    • 1970 – Shizuka Kudō, Japanese singer and actress
    • 1971 – Miguel Calero, Colombian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1971 – Carlos Pérez, Dominican-American baseball player
    • 1971 – Gregg Zaun, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1972 – Paul Devlin, English-Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1972 – Roberto Mejía, Dominican baseball player
    • 1972 – Dean Potter, American rock climber and BASE jumper (d. 2015)
    • 1973 – Roberto Ayala, Argentinian footballer
    • 1973 – Adrien Brody, American actor
    • 1973 – Hidetaka Suehiro, Japanese video game director and writer
    • 1973 – David Miller, American tenor
    • 1974 – Da Brat, American rapper
    • 1975 – Lita, American wrestler
    • 1975 – Luciano Almeida, Brazilian footballer
    • 1975 – Avner Dorman, Israeli-American composer and academic
    • 1975 – Anderson Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist and boxer
    • 1976 – Christian Älvestam, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1976 – Georgina Chapman, English model, actress, and fashion designer, co-founded Marchesa
    • 1976 – Anna DeForge, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Kyle Farnsworth, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Nadine Faustin-Parker, Hatian hurdler
    • 1976 – Jason Wiemer, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Nate Fox, American basketball player (d. 2014)
    • 1977 – Martin Kaalma, Estonian footballer
    • 1977 – Sarah Michelle Gellar, American actress and producer
    • 1977 – Rob McElhenney, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1978 – Roland Lessing, Estonian biathlete
    • 1979 – Iain Balshaw, English rugby player
    • 1979 – Rebecca DiPietro, American wrestler and model
    • 1979 – Marios Elia, Cypriot footballer
    • 1979 – Ross Filipo, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1979 – Noé Pamarot, French footballer
    • 1979 – Patrick Somerville, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1979 – Kerem Tunçeri, Turkish basketball player
    • 1980 – Win Butler, American-Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1980 – Jeremy Smith, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1981 – Mustafa Güngör, German rugby player
    • 1981 – Amy Leach, English director and producer
    • 1982 – Uğur Boral, Turkish footballer
    • 1982 – Larissa França, Brazilian volleyball player
    • 1983 – Simona La Mantia, Italian triple jumper
    • 1983 – James McFadden, Scottish footballer
    • 1983 – William Obeng, Ghanaian-American football player
    • 1983 – Nikoloz Tskitishvili, Georgian basketball player
    • 1984 – Blake Costanzo, American football player
    • 1984 – Charles Hamelin, Canadian speed skater
    • 1984 – Harumafuji Kōhei, Mongolian sumo wrestler, the 70th Yokozuna
    • 1984 – Adán Sánchez, American-Mexican musician (d. 2004)
    • 1984 – Tyler Thigpen, American football player
    • 1985 – Grant Clitsome, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Matt Derbyshire, English footballer
    • 1986 – Goran Gogić, Serbian footballer (d. 2015)
    • 1987 – Michael Baze, American jockey (d. 2011)
    • 1987 – Erwin Hoffer, Austrian footballer
    • 1987 – Wilson Kiprop, Kenyan runner
    • 1987 – Korina Perkovic, German tennis player
    • 1988 – Roberto Bautista Agut, Spanish tennis player
    • 1988 – Eric Gryba, Canadian ice hockey defenseman
    • 1988 – Eliška Klučinová, Czech heptathlete
    • 1988 – Vasileios Pliatsikas, Greek footballer
    • 1988 – Brad Sinopoli, Canadian football player
    • 1989 – Joe Haden, American football player
    • 1990 – Markus Smarzoch, German footballer
    • 1992 – Frederik Sørensen, Danish footballer
    • 1996 – Abigail Breslin, American actress

    Deaths on April 14

    • 911 – Pope Sergius III, pope of the Roman Catholic Church
    • 1070 – Gerard, Duke of Lorraine (b. c. 1030)
    • 1099 – Conrad, Bishop of Utrecht (b. before 1040)
    • 1132 – Mstislav I of Kiev (b. 1076)
    • 1279 – Bolesław the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland (b. 1224)
    • 1322 – Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, English soldier and politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1275)
    • 1345 – Richard de Bury, English bishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of The United Kingdom (b. 1287)
    • 1424 – Lucia Visconti, English countess (b. 1372)
    • 1433 – Lidwina, Dutch saint (b. 1380)
    • 1471 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, English commander and politician (b. 1428)
    • 1471 – John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu (b. 1431)
    • 1480 – Thomas de Spens, Scottish statesman and prelate (b. c. 1415)
    • 1488 – Girolamo Riario, Lord of Imola and Forli (b. 1443)
    • 1574 – Louis of Nassau (b. 1538)
    • 1578 – James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, English husband of Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1534)
    • 1587 – Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland (b. 1548)
    • 1599 – Henry Wallop, English politician (b. 1540)
    • 1609 – Gasparo da Salò, Italian violin maker (b. 1540)
    • 1662 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English politician (b. 1582)
    • 1682 – Avvakum, Russian priest and saint (b. 1620)
    • 1721 – Michel Chamillart, French politician, Controller-General of Finances (b. 1652)
    • 1740 – Lady Catherine Jones, English philanthropist (b.1672)
    • 1759 – George Frideric Handel, German-English organist and composer (b. 1685)
    • 1785 – William Whitehead, English poet and playwright (b. 1715)
    • 1792 – Maximilian Hell, Slovak-Hungarian astronomer and priest (b. 1720)
    • 1843 – Joseph Lanner, Austrian violinist and composer (b. 1801)
    • 1864 – Charles Lot Church, American-Canadian politician (b. 1777)
    • 1888 – Emil Czyrniański, Polish chemist (b. 1824)
    • 1910 – Mikhail Vrubel, Russian painter and sculptor (b. 1856)
    • 1911 – Addie Joss, American baseball player and journalist (b. 1880)
    • 1911 – Henri Elzéar Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 4th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1836)
    • 1912 – Henri Brisson, French politician, 50th Prime Minister of France (b. 1835)
    • 1914 – Hubert Bland, English activist, co-founded the Fabian Society (b. 1855)
    • 1916 – Gina Krog, Norwegian suffragist and women’s rights activist (b. 1847)
    • 1917 – L. L. Zamenhof, Polish physician and linguist, created Esperanto (b. 1859)
    • 1919 – Auguste-Réal Angers, Canadian judge and politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1837)
    • 1925 – John Singer Sargent, American painter (b. 1856)
    • 1930 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Georgian-Russian actor, playwright, and poet (b. 1893)
    • 1931 – Richard Armstedt, German philologist, historian, and educator (b. 1851)
    • 1935 – Emmy Noether, German-American mathematician and academic (b. 1882)
    • 1938 – Gillis Grafström, Swedish figure skater and architect (b. 1893)
    • 1943 – Yakov Dzhugashvili, Georgian-Russian lieutenant (b. 1907)
    • 1950 – Ramana Maharshi, Indian guru and philosopher (b. 1879)
    • 1951 – Al Christie, Canadian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1881)
    • 1962 – M. Visvesvaraya, Indian engineer and scholar (b. 1860)
    • 1963 – Rahul Sankrityayan, Indian monk and historian (b. 1893)
    • 1964 – Tatyana Afanasyeva, Russian-Dutch mathematician and theorist (b. 1876)
    • 1964 – Rachel Carson, American biologist and author (b. 1907)
    • 1968 – Al Benton, American baseball player (b. 1911)
    • 1969 – Matilde Muñoz Sampedro, Spanish actress (b. 1900)
    • 1975 – Günter Dyhrenfurth, German-Swiss mountaineer, geologist, and explorer (b. 1886)
    • 1975 – Fredric March, American actor (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – José Revueltas, Mexican author and activist (b. 1914)
    • 1978 – Joe Gordon, American baseball player and manager (b. 1915)
    • 1978 – F. R. Leavis, English educator and critic (b. 1895)
    • 1983 – Pete Farndon, English bassist (The Pretenders) (b. 1952)
    • 1983 – Gianni Rodari, Italian journalist and author (b. 1920)
    • 1986 – Simone de Beauvoir, French novelist and philosopher (b. 1908)
    • 1990 – Thurston Harris, American singer (b. 1931)
    • 1990 – Olabisi Onabanjo, Nigerian politician, 3rd Governor of Ogun State (b. 1927)
    • 1992 – Irene Greenwood, Australian radio broadcaster and feminist and peace activist (b. 1898)
    • 1994 – Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani chemist and scholar (b. 1897)
    • 1995 – Burl Ives, American actor, folk singer, and writer (b. 1909)
    • 1999 – Ellen Corby, American actress and screenwriter (b. 1911)
    • 1999 – Anthony Newley, English singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1931)
    • 1999 – Bill Wendell, American television announcer (b. 1924)
    • 2000 – Phil Katz, American computer programmer, co-created the zip file format (b. 1962)
    • 2000 – August R. Lindt, Swiss lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
    • 2000 – Wilf Mannion, English footballer (b. 1918)
    • 2001 – Jim Baxter, Scottish footballer (b. 1939)
    • 2001 – Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1927)
    • 2003 – Jyrki Otila, Finnish politician (b. 1941)
    • 2004 – Micheline Charest, English-Canadian television producer, co-founded the Cookie Jar Group (b. 1953)
    • 2006 – Mahmut Bakalli, Kosovo politician (b. 1936)
    • 2007 – June Callwood, Canadian journalist, author, and activist (b. 1924)
    • 2007 – Don Ho, American singer and ukulele player (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – René Rémond, French historian and economist (b. 1918)
    • 2008 – Tommy Holmes, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
    • 2008 – Ollie Johnston, American animator and voice actor (b. 1912)
    • 2009 – Maurice Druon, French author (b. 1918)
    • 2010 – Israr Ahmed, Pakistani theologian and scholar (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Alice Miller, Polish-French psychologist and author (b. 1923)
    • 2010 – Peter Steele, American singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1962)
    • 2011 – Jean Gratton, Canadian Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Émile Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Jonathan Frid, Canadian actor (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Piermario Morosini, Italian footballer (b. 1986)
    • 2013 – Efi Arazi, Israeli businessman, founded the Scailex Corporation (b. 1937)
    • 2013 – Colin Davis, English conductor and educator (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – R. P. Goenka, Indian businessman, founded RPG Group (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – George Jackson, American singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Armando Villanueva, Peruvian politician, 121st Prime Minister of Peru (b. 1915)
    • 2013 – Charlie Wilson, American politician (b. 1943)
    • 2014 – Nina Cassian, Romanian poet and critic (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Crad Kilodney, American-Canadian author (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Wally Olins, English businessman and academic (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Mick Staton, American soldier and politician (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Klaus Bednarz, German journalist and author (b. 1942)
    • 2015 – Mark Reeds, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1960)
    • 2015 – Percy Sledge, American singer (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Roberto Tucci, Italian cardinal and theologian (b. 1921)
    • 2019 – Bibi Andersson, Swedish actress (b.1935)

    Holidays and observances on April 14

    • Ambedkar Jayanti (India)
    • Black Day (South Korea)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Anthony, John, and Eustathius
      • Bénézet
      • Henry Beard Delany (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Domnina of Terni
      • Lidwina
      • Peter González
      • Tiburtius, Valerian, and Maximus
      • April 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Commemoration of Anfal Genocide Against the Kurds (Iraqi Kurdistan)
    • Day of Mologa (Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia)
    • Day of the Georgian language (Georgia)
    • Dhivehi Language Day (Maldives)
    • N’Ko Alphabet Day (Mande speakers)
    • Pan American Day (several countries in The Americas)
    • South and Southeast Asian New Year, celebrated on the sidereal vernal equinox. (see April 13):
      • Assamese New Year, or Bohag Bihu (India’s Assam Valley)
      • Bengali New Year, or Pohela Boishakh (Bangladesh and India’s West Bengal state)
      • Burmese New Year, or Thingyan (Myanmar)
      • Hindu and Sikh New Year, or Vaisakhi (Punjab region)
      • Khmer New Year, or Chol Chnam Thmey (Cambodia)
      • Lao New Year, or Pi Mai Lao (Laos)
      • Mahl New Year, or Alathu Aharudhuvas (Maldives and India’s Lakshadweep and Kerala state)
      • Maithili New Year, or Jude Sheetal (Mithila region)
      • Malayali New Year, or Vishu (India’s Kerala state)
      • Nepali New Year, or Navabarsha / Vaishak Ek (Nepal)
      • Oriya/Odia New Year, or Pana Sankranti (India’s Odisha state)
      • Sinhalese New Year, or Aluth Avurudhu (Sri Lanka)
      • Tamil New Year, or Puthandu (India’s Tamil Nadu state)
      • Thai New Year, or Songkran, celebrated from 13 to 15 April (Thailand)
      • Tuluva New Year, or Bisu (India’s Karnataka state)
    • The first day of Takayama Spring Festival (Takayama, Gifu, Japan)
    • Youth Day (Angola)

  • March 31 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    It is the last day of the first quarter of the year.

    March 31 in History

    • 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Maximian.
    • 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII is present, and joins the Crusade.
    • 1492 – Queen Isabella of Castile issues the Alhambra Decree, ordering her 150,000 Jewish and Muslim subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
    • 1561 – The city of San Cristóbal, Táchira is founded.
    • 1717 – A sermon on “The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ” by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, preached in the presence of King George I of Great Britain, provokes the Bangorian Controversy.
    • 1774 – American Revolutionary War: The Kingdom of Great Britain orders the port of Boston, Massachusetts closed pursuant to the Boston Port Act.
    • 1854 – Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Convention of Kanagawa with the Tokugawa Shogunate, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade.
    • 1885 – The United Kingdom establishes the Bechuanaland Protectorate.
    • 1889 – The Eiffel Tower is officially opened.
    • 1899 – Malolos, capital of the First Philippine Republic, is captured by American forces.
    • 1906 – The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (later the National Collegiate Athletic Association) is established to set rules for college sports in the United States.
    • 1909 – Serbia formally withdraws its opposition to Austro-Hungarian actions in the Bosnian Crisis.
    • 1913 – The Vienna Concert Society rioted during a performance of modernist music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Alexander von Zemlinsky, and Anton von Webern, causing a premature end to the concert due to violence; this concert became known as the Skandalkonzert.
    • 1917 – According to the terms of the Treaty of the Danish West Indies, the islands become American possessions.
    • 1918 – Massacre of ethnic Azerbaijanis is committed by allied armed groups of Armenian Revolutionary Federation and Bolsheviks. Nearly 12,000 Azerbaijani Muslims are killed.
    • 1918 – Daylight saving time goes into effect in the United States for the first time.
    • 1921 – The Royal Australian Air Force is formed.
    • 1930 – The Motion Picture Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film, in the U.S., for the next thirty-eight years.
    • 1931 – An earthquake in Nicaragua destroys Managua; killing 2,000.
    • 1931 – A Transcontinental & Western Air airliner crashes near Bazaar, Kansas, killing eight, including University of Notre Dame head football coach Knute Rockne.
    • 1933 – The Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission of relieving rampant unemployment in the United States.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Christmas Island, then a British possession.
    • 1945 – World War II: A defecting German pilot delivers a Messerschmitt Me 262A-1, the world’s first operational jet-powered fighter aircraft, to the Americans, the first to fall into Allied hands.
    • 1949 – The Dominion of Newfoundland joins the Canadian Confederation and becomes the 10th Province of Canada.
    • 1951 – Remington Rand delivers the first UNIVAC I computer to the United States Census Bureau.
    • 1957 – Elections to the Territorial Assembly of the French colony Upper Volta are held. After the elections PDU and MDV form a government.
    • 1958 – In the Canadian federal election, the Progressive Conservatives, led by John Diefenbaker, win the largest percentage of seats in Canadian history, with 208 seats of 265.
    • 1959 – The 14th Dalai Lama, crosses the border into India and is granted political asylum.
    • 1964 – Brazilian General Olímpio Mourão Filho orders his troops to move towards Rio de Janeiro, beginning the coup d’état.
    • 1966 – The Soviet Union launches Luna 10 which later becomes the first space probe to enter orbit around the Moon.
    • 1968 – American President Lyndon B. Johnson speaks to the nation of “Steps to Limit the War in Vietnam” in a television address. At the conclusion of his speech, he announces: “I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your President.”
    • 1970 – Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth’s atmosphere after 12 years in orbit.
    • 1980 – The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad operates its final train after being ordered to liquidate its assets because of bankruptcy and debts owed to creditors.
    • 1985 – The first WrestleMania, the biggest wrestling event from the WWE (then the WWF), takes place in Madison Square Garden in New York City.
    • 1990 – Approximately 200,000 protesters take to the streets of London to protest against the newly introduced Poll Tax.
    • 1991 – Georgian independence referendum: Nearly 99 percent of the voters support the country’s independence from the Soviet Union.
    • 1992 – The USS Missouri, the last active United States Navy battleship, is decommissioned in Long Beach, California.
    • 1992 – The Treaty of Federation is signed in Moscow.
    • 1995 – TAROM Flight 371, an Airbus A310-300, crashes near Balotesti, Romania, killing all 60 people on board.
    • 1995 – Selena is murdered by her fan club’s president Yolanda Saldívar at a Days Inn in Corpus Christi, Texas after accusations of Saldívar embezzling money from Selena’s fan club.
    • 1998 – Netscape releases Mozilla source code under an open source license.
    • 2004 – Iraq War in Anbar Province: In Fallujah, Iraq, four American private military contractors working for Blackwater USA, are killed after being ambushed.
    • 2018 – Start of the 2018 Armenian revolution.

    Births on March 31

    • 1360 – Philippa of Lancaster (d. 1415)
    • 1499 – Pope Pius IV (d. 1565)
    • 1504 – Guru Angad, Indian religious leader (d. 1552)
    • 1519 – Henry II of France (d. 1559)
    • 1536 – Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shōgun (d. 1565)
    • 1596 – René Descartes, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1650)
    • 1601 – Jakov Mikalja, Italian linguist and lexicographer (d. 1654)
    • 1621 – Andrew Marvell, English poet and politician (d. 1678)
    • 1651 – Charles II, Elector Palatine, German husband of Princess Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark (d. 1685)
    • 1675 – Pope Benedict XIV (d. 1758)
    • 1718 – Mariana Victoria of Spain (d. 1781)
    • 1723 – Frederick V of Denmark (d. 1766)
    • 1730 – Étienne Bézout, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1783)
    • 1732 – Joseph Haydn, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1809)
    • 1740 – Panoutsos Notaras, Greek politician (d. 1849)
    • 1747 – Johann Abraham Peter Schulz, German pianist and composer (d. 1800)
    • 1777 – Charles Cagniard de la Tour, French physicist and engineer (d. 1859)
    • 1778 – Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist and ornithologist (d. 1858)
    • 1794 – Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan, American lawyer and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 1852)
    • 1809 – Edward FitzGerald, English poet and translator (d. 1883)
    • 1809 – Nikolai Gogol, Ukrainian-Russian short story writer, novelist, and playwright (d. 1852)
    • 1809 – Otto Lindblad, Swedish composer (d. 1864)
    • 1813 – Félix María Zuloaga, Mexican general and unconstitutional interim president (1858 and 1860–1862) (d. 1898)
    • 1819 – Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (d. 1901)
    • 1823 – Mary Boykin Chesnut, American author (d. 1886)
    • 1833 – Mary Abigail Dodge, American writer and essayist (d. 1896)
    • 1835 – John La Farge, American artist (d. 1910)
    • 1847 – Hermann de Pourtalès, Swiss sailor (d. 1904)
    • 1847 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1878)
    • 1851 – Francis Bell, Jewish New Zealand lawyer and politician, 20th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1936)
    • 1855 – Alfred E. Hunt, American businessman (d. 1899)
    • 1859 – Emil Fenyvessy, Hungarian actor and screenwriter (d. 1924)
    • 1865 – Anandi Gopal Joshi, Indian physician (d. 1887)
    • 1871 – Arthur Griffith, Irish journalist and politician, 3rd President of Dáil Éireann (d. 1922)
    • 1872 – Sergei Diaghilev, Russian ballet manager and critic, founded the Ballets Russes (d. 1929)
    • 1874 – Benjamín G. Hill, Mexican revolutionary general, governor of Sonora (d. 1920)
    • 1874 – Henri Marteau, French violinist and composer (d. 1934)
    • 1876 – Borisav Stanković, Serbian author (d. 1927)
    • 1878 – Jack Johnson, American boxer (d. 1946)
    • 1884 – Adriaan van Maanen, Dutch-American astronomer and academic (d. 1946)
    • 1885 – Pascin, Sephardi Jewish Bulgarian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1930)
    • 1890 – Ben Adams, American jumper (d. 1961)
    • 1890 – William Lawrence Bragg, Australian-English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
    • 1891 – Victor Varconi, Hungarian-American actor and director (d. 1976)
    • 1893 – Clemens Krauss, Austrian conductor and manager (d. 1954)
    • 1893 – Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt, German physician and historian (d. 1982)
    • 1895 – Vardis Fisher, American author and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1900 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Robert Stevenson, English director and screenwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1905 – George Treweek, Australian rugby league player (d. 1991)
    • 1906 – Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
    • 1908 – Red Norvo, American vibraphone player and composer (d. 1999)
    • 1911 – Freddie Green, American guitarist (d. 1987)
    • 1911 – Elisabeth Grümmer, German soprano (d. 1986)
    • 1912 – William Lederer, American soldier and author (d. 2009)
    • 1913 – Etta Baker, African-American singer and guitarist (d. 2006)
    • 1914 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Dagmar Lange, Swedish author (d. 1991)
    • 1915 – Albert Hourani, English historian and author (d. 1993)
    • 1915 – Shoichi Yokoi, Japanese sergeant (d. 1997)
    • 1916 – Lucille Bliss, American voice actress (d. 2012)
    • 1916 – Tommy Bolt, American golfer (d. 2008)
    • 1916 – John H. Wood, Jr., American lawyer and judge (d. 1979)
    • 1917 – Dorothy DeLay, American violinist and educator (d. 2002)
    • 1918 – Ted Post, American director (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Frank Akins, American football player (d. 1993)
    • 1920 – Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire, British aristocrat, socialite and author (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Lowell Fulson, African-American blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Peggy Rea, American actress and casting director (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Richard Kiley, American actor and singer (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Patrick Magee, Irish actor (d. 1982)
    • 1923 – Don Barksdale, American basketball player (d. 1993)
    • 1923 – François Sermon, Belgian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Leo Buscaglia, American author and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1924 – Charles Guggenheim, American director and producer (d. 2002)
    • 1925 – Jean Coutu, Canadian actor and director (d. 1999)
    • 1926 – John Fowles, English novelist (d. 2005)
    • 1926 – Beni Montresor, Italian director, set designer, author, and illustrator (d. 2001)
    • 1926 – Rocco Petrone, American colonel and engineer (d. 2006)
    • 1927 – Cesar Chavez, American labor union leader and activist (d. 1993)
    • 1927 – William Daniels, American actor
    • 1927 – Eduardo Martínez Somalo, Spanish cardinal
    • 1927 – Vladimir Ilyushin, Russian pilot (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Elmer Diedtrich, American businessman and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Bud MacPherson, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1988)
    • 1928 – Lefty Frizzell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1975)
    • 1928 – Gordie Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Liz Claiborne, Belgian-American fashion designer, founded Liz Claiborne Inc. (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Bert Fields, American lawyer and author
    • 1930 – Yehuda Nir, Polish Jewish-American psychiatrist (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Jim Mutscheller, American football player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Miller Barber, American golfer (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Tamara Tyshkevich, Belarusian shot putter (d. 1997)
    • 1932 – John Jakes, American author
    • 1932 – Nagisa Oshima, Japanese director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Anita Carter, American singer-songwriter and bassist (d. 1999)
    • 1933 – Nichita Stănescu, Romanian poet (d. 1983)
    • 1934 – Richard Chamberlain, American actor
    • 1934 – Shirley Jones, American actress and singer
    • 1934 – John D. Loudermilk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
    • 1934 – Carlo Rubbia, Italian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1934 – Kamala Surayya, Indian poet and author (d. 2009)
    • 1935 – Herb Alpert, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer
    • 1935 – Judith Rossner, Jewish-American author (d. 2005)
    • 1936 – Marge Piercy, American poet and novelist
    • 1936 – Walter E. Williams, American economist and academic
    • 1938 – Patrick Bateson, English biologist and academic (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Sheila Dikshit, Indian politician, 22nd Governor of Kerala (d. 2019)
    • 1938 – Antje Gleichfeld, German runner
    • 1938 – Bill Hicke, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – Tõnno Lepmets, Estonian basketball player (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – Arthur B. Rubinstein, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2018)
    • 1938 – David Steel, Scottish academic and politician
    • 1939 – Zviad Gamsakhurdia, Georgian anthropologist and politician, 1st President of Georgia (d. 1993)
    • 1939 – Israel Horovitz, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Walker David Miller, American lawyer and judge (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Volker Schlöndorff, German director and producer
    • 1939 – Karl-Heinz Schnellinger, German footballer
    • 1940 – Brian Ackland-Snow, English production designer and art director (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Barney Frank, American lawyer and politician
    • 1940 – Patrick Leahy, American lawyer and politician
    • 1941 – Franco Bonvicini, Italian author and illustrator (d. 1995)
    • 1941 – Faith Leech, Australian swimmer (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Ulla Hoffmann, Swedish politician
    • 1942 – Hugh McCracken, American guitarist and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Michael Savage, far-right American radio host and author
    • 1943 – Roy Andersson, Swedish director and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Deirdre Clancy, English costume designer
    • 1943 – Christopher Walken, American actor
    • 1944 – Pascal Danel, French singer-songwriter
    • 1944 – Angus King, American politician
    • 1944 – Mick Ralphs, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Edwin Catmull, American computer scientist and engineer
    • 1945 – Gabe Kaplan, American actor and comedian
    • 1945 – Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress (d. 1995)
    • 1946 – Gonzalo Márquez, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1984)
    • 1946 – Bob Russell, English politician
    • 1947 – Augustin Banyaga, Rwandan-American mathematician and academic
    • 1947 – Wendy Overton, American tennis player
    • 1947 – Kristian Blak, Danish-Faroese pianist, composer, and producer
    • 1947 – Don Foster, English academic and politician
    • 1947 – César Gaviria, Colombian economist and politician, 36th President of Colombia
    • 1947 – Eliyahu M. Goldratt, Israeli physicist and economist (d. 2011)
    • 1948 – Gary Doer, Canadian politician and diplomat, 20th Premier of Manitoba
    • 1948 – Al Gore, American soldier and politician, 45th Vice President of the United States and Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1948 – Rhea Perlman, American actress
    • 1948 – Gustaaf Van Cauter, Belgian cyclist
    • 1949 – Gilles Gilbert, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1950 – András Adorján, Hungarian chess player and author
    • 1950 – Ed Marinaro, American football player and actor
    • 1950 – Sandra Morgen, American anthropologist and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1953 – Dennis Kamakahi, American guitarist and composer (d. 2014)
    • 1955 – Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro
    • 1955 – Angus Young, Scottish-Australian guitarist and songwriter
    • 1957 – Alan Duncan, English businessman and politician, former Shadow Leader of the House of Commons
    • 1959 – Markus Hediger, Swiss poet and translator
    • 1959 – Anita Dillen, Dutch socialite and member of wealthy Dillen family, niece of Cor Dillen, Coen Dillen
    • 1961 – Ron Brown, American sprinter and football player
    • 1961 – Howard Gordon, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1962 – Olli Rehn, Finnish footballer and politician
    • 1963 – Paul Mercurio, Australian actor and dancer
    • 1964 – Mark Hoban, English accountant and politician
    • 1965 – Tom Barrasso, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Patty Fendick, American tennis player and coach
    • 1965 – Jean-Christophe Lafaille, French mountaineer (d. 2006)
    • 1965 – William McNamara, American actor and producer
    • 1965 – Steven T. Seagle, American author and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Roger Black, English runner and journalist
    • 1966 – Nick Firestone, American race car driver
    • 1968 – César Sampaio, Brazilian footballer
    • 1969 – Nyamko Sabuni, Burundian-Swedish politician
    • 1969 – Steve Smith, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1970 – Alenka Bratušek, Slovenian politician, 7th Prime Minister of Slovenia
    • 1971 – Demetris Assiotis, Cypriot footballer
    • 1971 – Martin Atkinson, English footballer and referee
    • 1971 – Pavel Bure, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1971 – Craig McCracken, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor
    • 1972 – Alejandro Amenábar, Chilean-Spanish director and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Andrew Bowen, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Luca Gentili, Italian footballer and coach
    • 1972 – Evan Williams, American businessman, co-founded Twitter and Pyra Labs
    • 1973 – Christopher Hampson, English ballet dancer and choreographer
    • 1974 – Benjamin Eicher, German director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Natali, Russian singer, composer and songwriter
    • 1974 – Stefan Olsdal, Swedish bass player
    • 1974 – Jani Sievinen, Finnish swimmer
    • 1975 – Adam Green, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1975 – Nathan Grey, Australian rugby player and coach
    • 1975 – Cameron Murray, Scottish rugby player
    • 1975 – Ryan Rupe, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Howard Frier, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Igors Sļesarčuks, Latvian-Russian footballer
    • 1976 – Graeme Smith, Scottish swimmer
    • 1977 – Toshiya, Japanese bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1977 – Garth Tander, Australian race car driver
    • 1978 – Michael Clark, Australian cricketer and footballer
    • 1978 – Stephen Clemence, English footballer, midfeider and manager
    • 1978 – Jarrod Cooper, American football player
    • 1978 – Jérôme Rothen, French footballer
    • 1979 – Omri Afek, Israeli footballer
    • 1979 – Euan Burton, Scottish martial artist and coach
    • 1979 – Alexis Ferrero, Argentinian footballer
    • 1979 – Charlie Manning, American baseball player
    • 1979 – Jonna Mendes, American skier
    • 1979 – Rhys Wesser, Australian rugby league player
    • 1980 – Martin Albrechtsen, Danish footballer
    • 1980 – Karolina Lassbo, Swedish lawyer and blogger
    • 1980 – Matias Concha, Swedish footballer
    • 1980 – Kate Micucci, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1980 – Michael Ryder, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Ryan Bingham, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1981 – Thomas Chatelle, Belgian footballer
    • 1981 – Han Tae-you, South Korean footballer
    • 1981 – Pa Dembo Touray, Gambian footballer
    • 1981 – Maarten van der Weijden, Dutch swimmer
    • 1982 – Tal Ben Haim, Israeli footballer
    • 1982 – Bam Childress, American football player
    • 1982 – Audrey Kawasaki, American painter
    • 1983 – Hashim Amla, South African cricketer
    • 1983 – Ashleigh Ball, Canadian voice actress and musician
    • 1983 – Sophie Hunger, Swiss-German musician
    • 1983 – Vlasios Maras, Greek gymnast
    • 1983 – Nigel Plum, Australian rugby league player
    • 1984 – David Clarkson, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Eddie Johnson, American soccer player
    • 1984 – James Jones, American football player
    • 1984 – Martins Dukurs, Latvian sled racer
    • 1984 – Kaie Kand, Estonian heptathlete
    • 1984 – Alberto Junior Rodríguez, Peruvian footballer
    • 1984 – Ed Williamson, English rugby player
    • 1985 – Steve Bernier, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Jo-Lonn Dunbar, American football player
    • 1985 – Jesper Hansen, Danish footballer
    • 1985 – Ivan Mishyn, Ukrainian race car driver
    • 1985 – Kory Sheets, American football player
    • 1985 – Jalmar Sjöberg, Swedish wrestler
    • 1986 – Andreas Dober, Austrian footballer
    • 1986 – James King, Scottish rugby player
    • 1986 – Paulo Machado, Portuguese footballer
    • 1987 – Nordin Amrabat, Dutch footballer
    • 1987 – Hugo Ayala, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Amaury Bischoff, Portuguese footballer
    • 1987 – Humpy Koneru, Indian chess player
    • 1987 – Kirill Starkov, Danish ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Nelli Zhiganshina, Russian figure skater
    • 1988 – Thomas De Corte, Belgian footballer
    • 1988 – Conrad Sewell, Australian singer and songwriter
    • 1988 – Dorin Dickerson, American football player
    • 1988 – DeAndre Liggins, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Louis van der Westhuizen, Namibian cricketer
    • 1989 – Alberto Martín Romo García Adámez, Spanish footballer
    • 1989 – Nejc Vidmar, Slovenian footballer
    • 1989 – Liu Zige, Chinese swimmer
    • 1990 – George Iloka, American football player
    • 1990 – Sandra Roma, Swedish tennis player
    • 1990 – Bang Yong-guk, South Korean rapper
    • 1991 – Milan Milanović, Serbian footballer
    • 1991 – Rodney Sneijder, Dutch footballer
    • 1992 – Stijn de Looijer, Dutch footballer
    • 1992 – Adam Zampa, Australian cricketer
    • 1993 – Mikael Ishak, Swedish footballer
    • 1994 – Samira Asghari, Afghan member of the International Olympic Committee
    • 1994 – Tyler Wright, Australian surfer
    • 1994 – Mads Würtz Schmidt, Danish road cyclist
    • 1995 – Fiona Brown, footballer
    • 1998 – Jakob Chychrun, American-born Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1999 – Japhet Tanganga, English footballer

    Deaths on March 31

    • 32 BC – Titus Pomponius Atticus, Roman nobleman of the Equestrian order (b. 109 BC)
    • 528 – Xiaoming, emperor of Northern Wei (b. 510)
    • 963 – Abu Ja’far Ahmad ibn Muhammad, Saffarid emir (b. 906)
    • 1241 – Pousa, voivode of Transylvania
    • 1251 – William of Modena, Italian bishop and diplomat
    • 1340 – Ivan I of Moscow, Russian Grand Duke (b. 1288)
    • 1342 – Dionigi di Borgo San Sepolcro, Italian Augustinian monk
    • 1462 – Isidore II of Constantinople, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 1491 – Bonaventura Tornielli, Italian Roman Catholic priest (b. 1411)
    • 1547 – Francis I, French king (b. 1494)
    • 1567 – Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (b. 1504)
    • 1621 – Philip III, Spanish king (b. 1578)
    • 1622 – Gonzalo Méndez de Canço, Royal Governor of La Florida (b. 1554)
    • 1631 – John Donne, English lawyer and poet (b. 1572)
    • 1671 – Anne Hyde, wife of James II of England (b. 1637)
    • 1723 – Edward Hyde, 3rd Earl of Clarendon, English soldier and politician, 14th Colonial Governor of New York (b. 1661)
    • 1741 – Pieter Burman the Elder, Dutch scholar and author (b. 1668)
    • 1751 – Frederick, Prince of Wales, Hanoverian-born heir to the British throne (b. 1707)better source needed
    • 1797 – Olaudah Equiano, Nigerian merchant, author, and activist (b.1745)
    • 1837 – John Constable, English painter and educator (b. 1776)
    • 1850 – John C. Calhoun, American lawyer and politician, 7th Vice President of the United States (b. 1782)
    • 1855 – Charlotte Brontë, English novelist and poet (b. 1816)
    • 1877 – Antoine Augustin Cournot, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1801)
    • 1880 – Henryk Wieniawski, Polish violinist and composer (b. 1835)
    • 1885 – Franz Abt, German composer and conductor (b. 1819)
    • 1907 – Galusha A. Grow, American lawyer and politician, 28th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1823)
    • 1910 – Jean Moréas, Greek poet, essayist and art critic (b. 1856)
    • 1913 – J. P. Morgan, American banker and financier (b. 1837)
    • 1915 – Wyndham Halswelle, English-Scottish runner and captain (b. 1882)
    • 1917 – Emil von Behring, German physiologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1854)
    • 1924 – George Charles Haité, English painter and illustrator (b. 1855)
    • 1927 – Kang Youwei, Chinese scholar and political reformer (b. 1858)
    • 1930 – Ludwig Schüler, German politician, Mayor of Marburg (b. 1836)
    • 1931 – Knute Rockne, American football player and coach (b. 1888)
    • 1935 – Georges V. Matchabelli, Georgian-American businessman and diplomat, founded Prince Matchabelli perfume (b. 1885)
    • 1939 – Ioannis Tsangaridis, Greek general (b. 1887)
    • 1944 – Mineichi Koga, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
    • 1945 – Frank Findlay, New Zealand banker and politician (b. 1884)
    • 1945 – Hans Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
    • 1950 – Robert Natus, Estonian architect (b. 1890)
    • 1952 – Wallace H. White, Jr., American lawyer and politician (b. 1877)
    • 1956 – Ralph DePalma, Italian-American race car driver and actor (b. 1884)
    • 1968 – Grover Lowdermilk, American baseball player (b. 1885)
    • 1970 – Semyon Timoshenko, Soviet Commander during the Winter War and the Eastern Front of World War II (b. 1894)
    • 1975 – Percy Alliss, English golfer (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – Paul Strand, American photographer and director (b. 1890)
    • 1978 – Astrid Allwyn, American actress (b. 1905)
    • 1978 – Charles Herbert Best, American-Canadian physiologist and biochemist, co-discovered Insulin (b. 1899)
    • 1980 – Vladimír Holan, Czech poet and author (b. 1905)
    • 1980 – Jesse Owens, American sprinter and long jumper (b. 1913)
    • 1981 – Enid Bagnold, English author and playwright (b. 1889)
    • 1983 – Christina Stead, Australian author and academic (b. 1902)
    • 1986 – Jerry Paris, American actor and director (b. 1925)
    • 1988 – William McMahon, Australian lawyer and politician, 20th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1908)
    • 1993 – Brandon Lee, American actor and martial artist (b. 1965)
    • 1993 – Mitchell Parish, Lithuanian-American songwriter (b. 1900)
    • 1995 – Selena, American singer-songwriter (b. 1971)
    • 1996 – Dante Giacosa, Italian automobile designer and engineer (b. 1905)
    • 1996 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)
    • 1998 – Bella Abzug, American lawyer, activist, and politician (b. 1920)
    • 1998 – Tim Flock, American race car driver (b. 1924)
    • 1998 – Joel Ryce-Menuhin, American pianist (b. 1933)
    • 1999 – Yuri Knorozov, Russian linguist and ethnographer (b. 1922)
    • 2001 – David Rocastle, English footballer (b. 1967)
    • 2001 – Clifford Shull, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
    • 2002 – Barry Took, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
    • 2002 – Moturu Udayam, Indian activist and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2003 – Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter, English-Canadian mathematician and academic (b. 1907)
    • 2003 – Anne Gwynne, American actress (b. 1918)
    • 2003 – Tommy Seebach, Danish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1949)
    • 2004 – Scott Helvenston, American soldier (b. 1965)
    • 2005 – Stanley J. Korsmeyer, American oncologist and academic (b. 1951)
    • 2005 – Justiniano Montano, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
    • 2005 – Frank Perdue, American businessman (b. 1920)
    • 2006 – Jackie McLean, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1931)
    • 2007 – Paul Watzlawick, Austrian-American psychologist and philosopher (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Jules Dassin, American director, producer, screenwriter, and actor (b. 1911)
    • 2008 – Bill Keightley, American equipment manager (b. 1926)
    • 2009 – Raúl Alfonsín, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 46th President of Argentina (b. 1927)
    • 2009 – Choor Singh, Indian-Singaporean lawyer and judge (b. 1911)
    • 2011 – Gil Clancy, American boxer and trainer (b. 1922)
    • 2011 – Alan Fitzgerald, Australian journalist and author (b. 1935)
    • 2011 – Mary Greyeyes, the first First Nations woman to join the Canadian Armed Forces (b. 1920)
    • 2011 – Oddvar Hansen, Norwegian footballer and coach (b. 1921)
    • 2011 – Ishbel MacAskill, Scottish singer and actress (b. 1941)
    • 2011 – Henry Taub, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Judith Adams, New Zealand-Australian nurse and politician (b. 1943)
    • 2012 – Dale R. Corson, American physicist and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Bernard O. Gruenke, American stained glass artist (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Jerry Lynch, American baseball player (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Alberto Sughi, Italian painter (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Halbert White, American economist and academic (b. 1950)
    • 2013 – Charles Amarin Brand, French archbishop (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Ernie Bridge, Australian singer and politician (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Bob Clarke, American illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Ahmad Sayyed Javadi, Iranian lawyer and politician, Iranian Minister of Interior (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Dmitri Uchaykin, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1980)
    • 2014 – Gonzalo Anes, Spanish economist, historian, and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Roger Somville, Belgian painter (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Betty Churcher, Australian painter, historian, and curator (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Cocoa Fujiwara, Japanese author and illustrator (b. 1983)
    • 2015 – Carlos Gaviria Díaz, Colombian lawyer and politician (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Dalibor Vesely, Czech-English historian, author, and academic (b. 1934)
    • 2016 – Ronnie Corbett, Scottish comedian, actor and screenwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German politician (b. 1927)
    • 2016 – Zaha Hadid, Iraqi-born English architect and academic, designed the Bridge Pavilion (b. 1950)
    • 2016 – Imre Kertész, Hungarian author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
    • 2016 – Denise Robertson, British writer and television broadcaster (b. 1932)
    • 2017 – Gilbert Baker, American artist and LGBT rights activist (b. 1951)
    • 2017 – James Rosenquist, American artist (b. 1933)
    • 2019 – Nipsey Hussle, American rapper (b. 1985)

    Holidays and observances on March 31

    • Cesar Chavez Day (United States)
    • Christian feast day
      • Abdas of Susa
      • Acathius of Melitene (Eastern Orthodox Church)
      • Anesius and companions
      • Benjamin
      • Balbina
      • John Donne (Anglican Communion, Lutheran)
      • March 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of Genocide of Azerbaijanis (Azerbaijan)
    • Freedom Day (Malta)
    • International Transgender Day of Visibility
    • King Nangklao Memorial Day (Thailand)
    • Thomas Mundy Peterson Day (New Jersey, United States)
    • Transfer Day (US Virgin Islands)
    • World Backup Day

  • March 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom.
    • 1329 – Pope John XXII issues his In Agro Dominico condemning some writings of Meister Eckhart as heretical.
    • 1513 – Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León reaches the northern end of The Bahamas on his first voyage to Florida.
    • 1625 – Charles I becomes King of England, Scotland and Ireland as well as claiming the title King of France.
    • 1782 – Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
    • 1794 – The United States Government establishes a permanent navy and authorizes the building of six frigates.
    • 1809 – Peninsular War: A combined Franco-Polish force defeats the Spanish in the Battle of Ciudad Real.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: In central Alabama, U.S. forces under General Andrew Jackson defeat the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
    • 1836 – Texas Revolution: On the orders of General Antonio López de Santa Anna, the Mexican army massacres 342 Texas POWs at Goliad, Texas.
    • 1866 – President of the United States of America Andrew Johnson vetoes the Civil Rights Act of 1866. His veto is overridden by Congress and the bill passes into law on April 9.
    • 1871 – The first international rugby football match, when Scotland defeats England in Edinburgh at Raeburn Place.
    • 1884 – A mob in Cincinnati, Ohio, attacks members of a jury which had returned a verdict of manslaughter in what was seen as a clear case of murder; over the next few days the mob would riot and eventually destroy the courthouse.
    • 1886 – Geronimo, Apache warrior, surrenders to the U.S. Army, ending the main phase of the Apache Wars.
    • 1899 – Emilio Aguinaldo leads Filipino forces for the only time during the Philippine–American War at the Battle of Marilao River.
    • 1915 – Typhoid Mary, the first healthy carrier of disease ever identified in the United States is put in quarantine for the second time, where she would remain for the rest of her life.
    • 1918 – The National Council of Bessarabia proclaims union with the Kingdom of Romania.
    • 1938 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Taierzhuang begins, resulting several weeks later in the war’s first major Chinese victory over Japan.
    • 1941 – World War II: Yugoslav Air Force officers topple the pro-Axis government in a bloodless coup.
    • 1943 – World War II: Battle of the Komandorski Islands: In the Aleutian Islands the battle begins when United States Navy forces intercept Japanese attempting to reinforce a garrison at Kiska.
    • 1945 – World War II: Operation Starvation, the aerial mining of Japan’s ports and waterways begins. Argentina declares war on the Axis Powers.
    • 1958 – Nikita Khrushchev becomes Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union.
    • 1964 – The Good Friday earthquake, the most powerful earthquake recorded in North American history at a magnitude of 9.2 strikes Southcentral Alaska, killing 125 people and inflicting massive damage to the city of Anchorage.
    • 1975 – Construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System begins.
    • 1977 – Tenerife airport disaster: Two Boeing 747 airliners collide on a foggy runway on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, killing 583 (all 248 on KLM and 335 on Pan Am). Sixty-one survived on the Pan Am flight. This is the deadliest aviation accident in history.
    • 1980 – The Norwegian oil platform Alexander L. Kielland collapses in the North Sea, killing 123 of its crew of 212.
    • 1980 – Silver Thursday: A steep fall in silver prices, resulting from the Hunt Brothers attempting to corner the market in silver, leads to panic on commodity and futures exchanges.
    • 1981 – The Solidarity movement in Poland stages a warning strike, in which at least 12 million Poles walk off their jobs for four hours.
    • 1986 – A car bomb explodes outside Russell Street Police HQ in Melbourne, Australia, killing one police officer and injuring 21 people.
    • 1990 – The United States begins broadcasting anti-Castro propaganda to Cuba on TV Martí.
    • 1993 – Jiang Zemin is appointed President of the People’s Republic of China.
    • 1993 – Italian former minister and Christian Democracy leader Giulio Andreotti is accused of mafia allegiance by the tribunal of Palermo.
    • 1998 – The Food and Drug Administration approves Viagra for use as a treatment for male impotence, the first pill to be approved for this condition in the United States.
    • 1999 – Kosovo War: An American Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk is shot down by a Yugoslav SAM, the first and only Nighthawk to be lost in combat.
    • 2000 – A Phillips Petroleum plant explosion in Pasadena, Texas kills one person and injures 71 others.
    • 2002 – Passover massacre: A Palestinian suicide bomber kills 29 people at a Passover seder in Netanya, Israel.
    • 2002 – Nanterre massacre: In Nanterre, France, a gunman opens fire at the end of a town council meeting, resulting in the deaths of eight councilors; 19 other people are injured.
    • 2004 – HMS Scylla, a decommissioned Leander-class frigate, is sunk as an artificial reef off Cornwall, the first of its kind in Europe.
    • 2009 – The dam forming Situ Gintung, an artificial lake in Indonesia, fails, killing at least 99 people.
    • 2014 – Philippines signs a peace accord with the largest Muslim rebel group, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, ending decades of conflict.
    • 2015 – Al-Shabab militants attack and temporarily occupy a Mogadishu hotel leaving at least 20 people dead.
    • 2016 – A suicide blast in Gulshan-e-Iqbal Park, Lahore claims over 70 lives and leaves almost 300 others injured. The target of the bombing are Christians celebrating Easter.
    • 2020 – North Macedonia becomes the 30th member of NATO.

    Births on March 27

    • 972 – Robert II, king of France (d. 1031)
    • 1401 – Albert III, duke of Bavaria (d. 1460)
    • 1416 – Francis of Paola, Italian friar and saint, founded Order of the Minims (d. 1507)
    • 1546 – Johannes Piscator, German theologian (d. 1625)
    • 1627 – Stephen Fox, English politician (d. 1716)
    • 1676 – Francis II Rákóczi, Hungarian prince (b. 1676)
    • 1679 – Domenico Lalli, Italian poet and librettist (d. 1741)
    • 1681 – Joaquín Fernández de Portocarrero, Spanish-Italian cardinal (d. 1760)
    • 1702 – Johann Ernst Eberlin, German organist and composer (d. 1762)
    • 1710 – Joseph Abaco, Belgian cellist and composer (d. 1805)
    • 1712 – Claude Bourgelat, French surgeon and author (d. 1779)
    • 1714 – Francesco Antonio Zaccaria, Italian historian and theologian (d. 1795)
    • 1724 – Jane Colden, American botanist and author (d. 1766)
    • 1745 – Lindley Murray, American-English Quaker and grammarian (d. 1826)
    • 1746 – Michael Bruce, Scottish poet and composer (d. 1767)
    • 1746 – Carlo Buonaparte, Corsican-French lawyer and politician (d. 1785)
    • 1765 – Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1841)
    • 1781 – Alexander Vostokov, Estonian-Russian philologist and academic (d. 1864)
    • 1784 – Sándor Kőrösi Csoma, Hungarian philologist, orientalist, and author (d. 1842)
    • 1785 – Louis XVII of France (d. 1795)
    • 1797 – Alfred de Vigny, French author, poet, and playwright (d. 1863)
    • 1801 – Alexander Barrow, American lawyer and politician (d. 1846)
    • 1802 – Charles-Mathias Simons, German-Luxembourger jurist and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1874)
    • 1809 – Georges-Eugène Haussmann, French engineer, urban planner, and politician (d. 1891)
    • 1811 – Edward William Cooke, English painter and illustrator (d. 1880)
    • 1814 – Charles Mackay, Scottish journalist, anthologist, and author (d. 1889)
    • 1820 – Edward Augustus Inglefield, English admiral and explorer (d. 1894)
    • 1822 – Henri Murger, French novelist and poet (d. 1861)
    • 1824 – Virginia Minor, American women’s suffrage activist (d. 1894)
    • 1839 – John Ballance, Irish-New Zealand journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1893)
    • 1843 – George Frederick Leycester Marshall, English colonel and entomologist (d. 1934)
    • 1844 – Adolphus Greely, American general and explorer, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1935)
    • 1845 – Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1923)
    • 1845 – Jakob Sverdrup, Norwegian bishop and politician, Norwegian Minister of Education and Church Affairs (d. 1899)
    • 1847 – Otto Wallach, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1931)
    • 1851 – Ruperto Chapí, Spanish composer, co-founded Sociedad General de Autores y Editores (d. 1909)
    • 1851 – Vincent d’Indy, French composer and educator (d. 1931)
    • 1852 – Jan van Beers, Belgian painter and illustrator (d. 1927)
    • 1854 – Giovanni Battista Grassi, Italian physician, zoologist, and entomologist (d. 1925)
    • 1855 – William Libbey, American target shooter, colonel, mountaineer, geographer, geologist, and archaeologist (d. 1927)
    • 1857 – Karl Pearson, English mathematician, eugenicist, and academic (d. 1936)
    • 1859 – George Giffen, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 1927)
    • 1860 – Frank Frost Abbott, American-Swiss scholar and academic (d. 1924)
    • 1862 – Jelena Dimitrijević, Serbian short story writer, novelist, poet, traveller, social worker, feminist and polyglot (d. 1945)
    • 1862 – Arturo Berutti, Argentinian composer (d. 1938)
    • 1863 – Henry Royce, English engineer and businessman, founded Rolls-Royce Limited (d. 1933)
    • 1866 – John Allan, Australian politician, 29th Premier of Victoria (d. 1936)
    • 1868 – Patty Hill, American songwriter and educator (d. 1946)
    • 1869 – James McNeill, Irish politician, 2nd Governor-General of the Irish Free State (d. 1938)
    • 1869 – J. R. Clynes, English trade unionist and politician, Home Secretary (d. 1949)
    • 1871 – Heinrich Mann, German author and poet (d. 1950)
    • 1871 – Joseph G. Morrison, American captain and Nazarene minister (d. 1939)
    • 1871 – Piet Aalberse, Dutch politician, Minister of Labour (d. 1948)
    • 1875 – Albert Marquet, French painter (d. 1947)
    • 1877 – Oscar Grégoire, Belgian water polo player and swimmer (d. 1947)
    • 1878 – Kathleen Scott, British sculptor (d. 1947)
    • 1879 – Sándor Garbai, Hungarian politician, 19th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1947)
    • 1879 – Miller Huggins, American baseball player and manager (d. 1929)
    • 1879 – Edward Steichen, Luxembourger-American painter and photographer (d. 1973)
    • 1881 – Arkady Averchenko, Russian playwright and satirist (d. 1925)
    • 1882 – Thomas Graham Brown, Scottish mountaineer and physiologist (d. 1965)
    • 1883 – Marie Under, Estonian author and poet (d. 1980)
    • 1884 – Gordon Thomson, English rower and lieutenant (d. 1953)
    • 1885 – Julio Lozano Díaz, Honduran accountant and politician, 40th President of Honduras (d. 1957)
    • 1885 – Reginald Fletcher, 1st Baron Winster, English navy officer and politician, Secretary of State for Transport (d. 1961)
    • 1886 – Sergey Kirov, Russian politician (d. 1934)
    • 1886 – Wladimir Burliuk, Ukrainian painter and illustrator (d. 1917)
    • 1886 – Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, German-American architect, designed IBM Plaza and Seagram Building (d. 1969)
    • 1887 – Väinö Siikaniemi, Finnish javelin thrower, poet, and translator (d. 1932)
    • 1888 – George Alfred Lawrence Hearne, English-South African cricketer (d. 1978)
    • 1889 – Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu, Egyptian-Turkish journalist, author, and politician (d. 1974)
    • 1889 – Leonard Mociulschi, Romanian general (d. 1979)
    • 1890 – Harald Julin, Swedish swimmer and water polo player (d. 1967)
    • 1890 – Frederick Dalrymple-Hamilton, Scottish admiral (d. 1974)
    • 1891 – Lajos Zilahy, Hungarian novelist and playwright (d. 1974)
    • 1891 – Klawdziy Duzh-Dushewski, Belarusian-Lithuanian architect, journalist, and diplomat, created the Flag of Belarus (d. 1959)
    • 1892 – Ferde Grofé, American pianist and composer (d. 1972)
    • 1892 – Thorne Smith, American author (d. 1934)
    • 1893 – Karl Mannheim, Hungarian-English sociologist and academic (d. 1947)
    • 1893 – G. Lloyd Spencer, American lieutenant and politician (d. 1981)
    • 1893 – George Beranger, Australian-American actor and director (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – René Fonck, French colonel and pilot (d. 1953)
    • 1895 – Roland Leighton, English soldier and poet (d. 1915)
    • 1897 – Douglas Hartree, English mathematician and physicist (d. 1958)
    • 1897 – Fred Keating, American magician, stage and film actor (d. 1961)
    • 1899 – Francis Ponge, French poet and author (d. 1988)
    • 1899 – Herbert Arthur Stuart, German-Swiss physicist and academic (d. 1974)
    • 1899 – Gloria Swanson, American actress and producer (d. 1983)
    • 1901 – Carl Barks, American illustrator and screenwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1901 – Erich Ollenhauer, German politician (d. 1963)
    • 1901 – Eisaku Satō, Japanese politician, 61st Prime Minister of Japan, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
    • 1901 – Kenneth Slessor, Australian journalist and poet (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Sidney Buchman, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1975)
    • 1902 – Charles Lang, American cinematographer (d. 1998)
    • 1903 – Xavier Villaurrutia, Mexican poet and playwright (d. 1950)
    • 1905 – Leroy Carr, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1935)
    • 1905 – Rudolf Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff, German general (d. 1980)
    • 1905 – Elsie MacGill, Canadian-American author and engineer (d. 1980)
    • 1906 – Pee Wee Russell, American clarinet player, saxophonist, and composer (d. 1969)
    • 1909 – Golo Mann, German historian and author (d. 1994)
    • 1909 – Ben Webster, American saxophonist (d. 1973)
    • 1909 – Valery Marakou, Belarusian poet and translator (d. 1937)
    • 1910 – Ai Qing, Chinese poet and author (d. 1996)
    • 1911 – Veronika Tushnova, Russian poet and physician (d. 1965)
    • 1912 – James Callaghan, English lieutenant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Theodor Dannecker, German SS officer (d. 1945)
    • 1914 – Richard Denning, American actor (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Budd Schulberg, American author, screenwriter, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1915 – Robert Lockwood, Jr., American guitarist (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Cyrus Vance, American lawyer and politician, 57th United States Secretary of State (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – Colin Rowe, English-American architect, theorist and academic (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Phil Chess, Czech-American record producer, co-founded Chess Records (d. 2016)
    • 1921 – Moacir Barbosa Nascimento, Brazilian footballer and coach (d. 2000)
    • 1921 – Harold Nicholas, American actor and dancer (d. 2000)
    • 1922 – Dick King-Smith, English author (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Stefan Wul, French author and surgeon (d. 2003)
    • 1922 – Jules Olitski, Ukrainian-American painter, printmaker, and sculptor (d. 2007)
    • 1923 – Shūsaku Endō, Japanese author (d. 1996)
    • 1923 – Louis Simpson, Jamaican-American poet, translator, and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1924 – Sarah Vaughan, American singer (d. 1990)
    • 1924 – Ian Black, Scottish international footballer, goalkeeper and lawn bowls player (d. 2012)
    • 1924 – Margaret K. Butler, American mathematician and computer programmer (d. 2013)
    • 1926 – Frank O’Hara, American writer (d. 1966)
    • 1927 – Sylvia Anderson, English voice actress, screenwriter, and producer (d. 2016)
    • 1927 – Anthony Lewis, American journalist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (d. 2007)
    • 1928 – Jean Dotto, French cyclist (d. 2000)
    • 1929 – Anne Ramsey, American actress (d. 1988)
    • 1929 – Reg Evans, Australian actor (d. 2009)
    • 1930 – Daniel Spoerri, Romanian-Swiss photographer, writer and artist
    • 1931 – David Janssen, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1980)
    • 1932 – Junior Parker, American singer and harmonica player (d. 1971)
    • 1932 – Bailey Olter, Micronesian politician, 3rd President of the Federated States of Micronesia (d. 1999)
    • 1933 – Lê Văn Hưng, South Vietnamese Brigadier general (d. 1975)
    • 1934 – István Csurka, Hungarian journalist, author, and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Stanley Rother, American Roman Catholic priest and missionary (d. 1981)
    • 1935 – Julian Glover, English actor
    • 1936 – Malcolm Goldstein, American violinist and composer
    • 1937 – Alan Hawkshaw, English keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1939 – Jay Kim, South Korean-American engineer and politician
    • 1939 – Cale Yarborough, American race car driver and businessman
    • 1940 – Sandro Munari, Italian race car driver
    • 1940 – Austin Pendleton, American actor, director, and playwright
    • 1941 – Ivan Gašparovič, Slovak lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Slovakia
    • 1941 – Liese Prokop, Austrian pentathlete and politician, Austrian Minister of the Interior (d. 2006)
    • 1942 – Michael Jackson, English journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1942 – John Sulston, English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1942 – Michael York, English actor
    • 1943 – Mike Curtis, American football player and coach (d. 2020)
    • 1944 – Jesse Brown, American marine and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs (d. 2002)
    • 1944 – Bryan Campbell, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1946 – Michael Aris, Cuban-English author and academic (d. 1999)
    • 1947 – Oliver Friggieri, Maltese author, critic, poet and philosopher
    • 1947 – Brian Jones, English balloonist and pilot
    • 1947 – Walt Mossberg, American journalist
    • 1948 – Jens-Peter Bonde, Danish lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – Tony Banks, English keyboardist and songwriter
    • 1950 – Petros Efthymiou, Greek academic and politician, Greek Minister of Culture, Education and Religious Affairs
    • 1950 – Maria Ewing, African-American soprano
    • 1950 – Chris Stewart, English musician and author
    • 1950 – Terry Yorath, Welsh international footballer, Midfielder and international manager
    • 1951 – Andrei Kozyrev, Belgian-Russian politician and diplomat, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Russia
    • 1952 – Annemarie Moser-Pröll, Austrian skier
    • 1952 – Maria Schneider, French actress (d. 2011)
    • 1953 – Herman Ponsteen, Dutch cyclist
    • 1954 – Gerard Batten, English lawyer and politician
    • 1955 – Patrick McCabe, Irish writer
    • 1955 – Mariano Rajoy, Spanish lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Spain
    • 1955 – Susan Neiman, Jewish American-German philosopher and author
    • 1956 – Leung Kwok-hung, Hong Kong activist and politician
    • 1956 – Thomas Wassberg, Swedish cross country skier
    • 1957 – Kostas Vasilakakis, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1957 – Stephen Dillane, English actor
    • 1958 – Didier de Radiguès, Belgian race car driver and motorcycle racer
    • 1959 – Andrew Farriss, Australian rock musician and multi-instrumentalist
    • 1960 – Hans Pflügler, German footballer
    • 1960 – Renato Russo, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
    • 1961 – Ellery Hanley, English rugby league player and coach
    • 1961 – Tony Rominger, Swiss professional cyclist
    • 1962 – Jann Arden, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Brett French, Australian rugby league player
    • 1962 – Rob Hollink, Dutch poker player
    • 1962 – John O’Farrell, English journalist and author
    • 1962 – Brad Wright, American-Spanish basketball player
    • 1962 – Kevin J. Anderson, American science fiction writer
    • 1963 – Cory Blackwell, American basketball player
    • 1963 – Randall Cunningham, American football player, coach, and pastor
    • 1963 – Filippos Sachinidis, Greek-Canadian economist and politician
    • 1963 – Gary Stevens, English-Australian footballer and physiotherapist
    • 1963 – Quentin Tarantino, American director, producer, screenwriter and actor
    • 1963 – Xuxa, Brazilian actress, singer, businesswoman and television presenter
    • 1965 – Gregor Foitek, Swiss race car driver
    • 1966 – Žarko Paspalj, Serbian basketball player
    • 1967 – Talisa Soto, American actress
    • 1968 – Irina Belova, Russian heptathlete
    • 1969 – Gianluigi Lentini, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1969 – Pauley Perrette, American actress
    • 1970 – Leila Pahlavi, Princess of Iran (d. 2001)
    • 1970 – Derek Aucoin, Canadian baseball player
    • 1970 – Mariah Carey, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1970 – Brent Fitz, Canadian-American multi-instrumentalist and recording artist
    • 1970 – Jarrod McCracken, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1970 – Elizabeth Mitchell, American actress
    • 1970 – Uwe Rosenberg, German game designer, created Bohnanza
    • 1971 – David Coulthard, Scottish race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Nathan Fillion, Canadian actor
    • 1972 – Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink, Surinamese-Dutch footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1972 – Charlie Haas, American professional wrestler
    • 1973 – Roger Telemachus, South African cricketer
    • 1974 – Marek Citko, Polish footballer and manager
    • 1974 – George Koumantarakis, Greek-South African footballer
    • 1974 – Gaizka Mendieta, Spanish footballer
    • 1975 – Andrew Blowers, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1975 – Kim Felton, Australian golfer
    • 1975 – Jeff Palmer, American gay porn actor and singer-songwriter
    • 1975 – Fergie, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
    • 1975 – Christian Fiedler, German footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Roberta Anastase, Romanian politician, 57th President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania
    • 1976 – Danny Fortson, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Adrian Anca, Romanian footballer
    • 1977 – Vítor Meira, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1978 – Gabriel Paraschiv, Romanian footballer
    • 1978 – Marius Bakken, Norwegian runner
    • 1978 – Amélie Cocheteux, French tennis player
    • 1979 – Tom Palmer, English rugby union player
    • 1979 – Mohsen Moeini, Iranian author and director
    • 1979 – Imran Tahir, Pakistani-South African cricketer
    • 1979 – Jennifer Wilson, Zimbabwean-South African field hockey player
    • 1980 – Sean Ryan, American football player
    • 1980 – Michaela Paštiková, Czech tennis player
    • 1980 – Maksim Shevchenko, Kazakhstani footballer
    • 1981 – Terry McFlynn, Irish footballer
    • 1981 – Akhil Kumar, Indian boxer
    • 1981 – Jukka Keskisalo, Finnish runner
    • 1981 – Hilda Kibet, Kenyan runner
    • 1982 – Shawn Beveney, Guyanese footballer
    • 1983 – Yuliya Golubchikova, Russian pole vaulter
    • 1983 – Vasily Koshechkin, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Román Martínez, Argentinian footballer
    • 1984 – Adam Ashley-Cooper, Australian rugby player
    • 1984 – Ben Franks, Australian-born New Zealand rugby player
    • 1984 – Brett Holman, Australian footballer
    • 1985 – Dustin Byfuglien, American ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Danny Vukovic, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Manuel Neuer, German footballer
    • 1987 – Jefferson Bernárdez, Honduran footballer
    • 1987 – Samuel Francis, Nigerian-Qatari sprinter
    • 1987 – Polina Gagarina, Russian singer-songwriter
    • 1987 – Buster Posey, American baseball player
    • 1988 – Jessie J, English singer-songwriter
    • 1988 – Atsuto Uchida, Japanese footballer
    • 1988 – Brenda Song, American actress
    • 1988 – Mauro Goicoechea, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1988 – Holliday Grainger, English actress
    • 1989 – Matt Harvey, American baseball player
    • 1989 – Camilla Lees, New Zealand netball player
    • 1990 – Erdin Demir, Swedish-Turkish footballer
    • 1990 – Ben Hunt, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Nicolas Nkoulou, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1990 – Luca Zuffi, Swiss footballer
    • 1990 – Kimbra, New Zealand musician
    • 1990 – Brodha V, Indian Rapper and Music Producer
    • 1992 – Marc Muniesa, Spanish footballer
    • 1995 – Bill Tuiloma, New Zealand footballer

    Deaths on March 27

    • 710 – Rupert of Salzburg, Austrian bishop and saint (b. 660)
    • 853 – Haymo of Halberstadt, German bishop and author (b. 778)
    • 913 – Du Xiao, chancellor of Later Liang
    • 913 – Zhang empress of Later Liang
    • 916 – Alduin I, Frankish nobleman
    • 965 – Arnulf I, Count of Flanders (born c. 890)
    • 973 – Hermann Billung, Frankish lieutenant (b. 900)
    • 1045 – Ali ibn Ahmad al-Jarjara’i, Fatimid vizier
    • 1184 – Giorgi III, King of Georgia
    • 1248 – Maud Marshal, English countess (b. 1192)
    • 1350 – Alfonso XI of Castile (b. 1312)
    • 1378 – Pope Gregory XI (b. 1336)
    • 1462 – Vasily II of Moscow (b. 1415)
    • 1472 – Janus Pannonius, Hungarian bishop and poet (b. 1434)
    • 1482 – Mary of Burgundy, Sovereign Duchess regnant of Burgundy, married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1457)
    • 1564 – Lütfi Pasha, Turkish historian and politician, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1488)
    • 1572 – Girolamo Maggi, Italian polymath (b. c. 1523)
    • 1598 – Theodor de Bry, Belgian-German engraver, goldsmith, and publisher (b. 1528)
    • 1613 – Sigismund Báthory (b. 1573)
    • 1615 – Margaret of Valois (b. 1553)
    • 1621 – Benedetto Giustiniani, Italian cardinal (b. 1554)
    • 1624 – Ulrik of Denmark, Danish prince-bishop (b. 1578)
    • 1625 – James VI and I of the United Kingdom (b. 1566)
    • 1635 – Robert Naunton, English politician (b. 1563)
    • 1676 – Bernardino de Rebolledo, Spanish poet, soldier, and diplomat (b. 1597)
    • 1679 – Abraham Mignon, Dutch painter (b. 1640)
    • 1697 – Simon Bradstreet, English businessman and politician, 20th Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1603)
    • 1729 – Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1679)
    • 1757 – Johann Stamitz, Czech violinist and composer (b. 1717)
    • 1770 – Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (b. 1696)
    • 1848 – Gabriel Bibron, French zoologist and herpetologist (b. 1805)
    • 1849 – Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford, Irish-Canadian politician, 35th Governor General of Canada (b. 1776)
    • 1850 – Wilhelm Beer, Prussian astronomer and banker (b. 1797)
    • 1864 – Jean-Jacques Ampère, French philologist and academic (b. 1800)
    • 1869 – James Harper, American publisher and politician, 65th Mayor of New York City (b. 1795)
    • 1875 – Juan Crisóstomo Torrico, Peruvian soldier and politician, President of Peru (b. 1808)
    • 1875 – Edgar Quinet, French historian and academic (b. 1803)
    • 1878 – George Gilbert Scott, English architect, designed the Albert Memorial and St Mary’s Cathedral (b. 1811)
    • 1886 – Henry Taylor, English poet and playwright (b. 1800)
    • 1889 – John Bright, English politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills (b. 1811)
    • 1890 – Carl Jacob Löwig, German chemist and academic (b. 1803)
    • 1898 – Syed Ahmad Khan, Indian philosopher and activist (b. 1817)
    • 1900 – Joseph A. Campbell, American businessman, founded the Campbell Soup Company (b. 1817)
    • 1910 – Alexander Emanuel Agassiz, Swiss-American ichthyologist, zoologist, and engineer (b. 1835)
    • 1913 – Richard Montgomery Gano, American minister, physician, and general (b. 1830)
    • 1918 – Henry Adams, American journalist, historian, and author (b. 1838)
    • 1918 – Martin Sheridan, Irish-American discus thrower and jumper (b. 1881)
    • 1921 – Harry Barron, English general and politician, 16th Governor of Western Australia (b. 1847)
    • 1922 – Nikolay Sokolov, Russian composer and educator (b. 1859)
    • 1923 – James Dewar, Scottish chemist and physicist (b. 1842)
    • 1925 – Carl Neumann, German mathematician and academic (b. 1832)
    • 1926 – Kick Kelly, American baseball player, manager, and umpire (b. 1856)
    • 1926 – Georges Vézina, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1887)
    • 1927 – Joe Start, American baseball player and manager (b. 1842)
    • 1927 – Klaus Berntsen, Danish politician, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1844)
    • 1928 – Leslie Stuart, English organist and composer (b. 1863)
    • 1931 – Arnold Bennett, English author and playwright (b. 1867)
    • 1934 – Francis William Reitz, South African lawyer and politician, 5th State President of the Orange Free State (b. 1844)
    • 1938 – William Stern, German-American psychologist and philosopher (b. 1871)
    • 1940 – Michael Joseph Savage, Australian-New Zealand politician, 23rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1872)
    • 1942 – Julio González, Catalan sculptor and painter (b. 1876)
    • 1943 – George Monckton-Arundell, 8th Viscount Galway, English politician, 5th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1882)
    • 1945 – Vincent Hugo Bendix, American engineer and businessman, founded Bendix Corporation (b. 1881)
    • 1945 – Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil, Turkish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1866)
    • 1946 – Karl Groos, German psychologist and philosopher (b. 1861)
    • 1949 – Elisheva Bikhovski, Israeli-Russian poet (b. 1888)
    • 1952 – Kiichiro Toyoda, Japanese businessman, founded Toyota (b. 1894)
    • 1956 – Évariste Lévi-Provençal, French orientalist and historian (b. 1894)
    • 1958 – Leon C. Phillips, American lawyer and politician, 11th Governor of Oklahoma (b. 1890)
    • 1960 – Gregorio Marañón, Spanish physician, philosopher, and author (b. 1887)
    • 1967 – Jaroslav Heyrovský, Czech chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1890)
    • 1968 – Yuri Gagarin, Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1934)
    • 1968 – Vladimir Seryogin, Russian soldier and pilot (b. 1922)
    • 1973 – Mikhail Kalatozov, Georgian-Russian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Eduardo Santos, Colombian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1888)
    • 1975 – Arthur Bliss, English conductor and composer (b. 1891)
    • 1976 – Georg August Zinn, German lawyer and politician, Minister President of Hesse (b. 1901)
    • 1977 – Shirley Graham Du Bois, American author, playwright, and composer (b. 1896)
    • 1977 – Diana Hyland, American actress (b. 1936)
    • 1977 – Jacob Veldhuyzen van Zanten, Dutch airline pilot (b. 1927)
    • 1978 – Nat Bailey, Canadian businessman, founded the White Spot (b. 1902)
    • 1978 – Kunwar Digvijay Singh, Indian field hockey (b. 1922)
    • 1978 – Sverre Farstad, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1920)
    • 1980 – Steve Fisher, American author and screenwriter (b. 1912)
    • 1981 – Jakob Ackeret, Swiss engineer and academic (b. 1898)
    • 1982 – Fazlur Khan, Bangladeshi-American engineer and architect, designed the John Hancock Center and Willis Tower (b. 1929)
    • 1987 – William Bowers, American journalist and screenwriter (b. 1916)
    • 1988 – Charles Willeford, American author, poet, and critic (b. 1919)
    • 1989 – May Allison, American actress (b. 1890)
    • 1989 – Malcolm Cowley, American novelist, poet, and literary critic (b. 1898)
    • 1990 – Percy Beard, American hurdler and coach (b. 1908)
    • 1991 – Aldo Ray, American actor (b. 1926)
    • 1992 – Colin Gibson, English footballer (b. 1923)
    • 1992 – Lang Hancock, Australian businessman (b. 1909)
    • 1992 – James E. Webb, American colonel and politician, 16th Under Secretary of State (b. 1906)
    • 1993 – Kamal Hassan Ali, Egyptian general and politician, Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1921)
    • 1993 – Paul László, Hungarian-American architect and interior designer (b. 1900)
    • 1994 – Elisabeth Schmid, German archaeologist and osteologist (b. 1912)
    • 1994 – Lawrence Wetherby, American lawyer and politician, 48th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1908)
    • 1995 – René Allio, French director and screenwriter (b. 1924)
    • 1997 – Lane Dwinell, American businessman and politician, 69th Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1906)
    • 1997 – Ella Maillart, Swiss skier, sailor, field hockey player, and photographer (b. 1903)
    • 1998 – David McClelland, American psychologist and academic (b. 1917)
    • 1999 – Michael Aris, Cuban-English author and academic (b. 1946)
    • 2000 – George Allen, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1914)
    • 2000 – Ian Dury, English singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1942)
    • 2002 – Milton Berle, American comedian and actor (b. 1908)
    • 2002 – Dudley Moore, English actor (b. 1935)
    • 2002 – Billy Wilder, Austrian-born American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1906)
    • 2003 – Edwin Carr, New Zealand composer and educator (b. 1926)
    • 2004 – Robert Merle, French author (b. 1909)
    • 2005 – Wilfred Gordon Bigelow, Canadian soldier and surgeon (b. 1913)
    • 2006 – Dan Curtis, American director and producer (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Stanisław Lem, Ukrainian-Polish author (b. 1921)
    • 2006 – Rudolf Vrba, Czech Holocaust survivor and educator (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Neil Williams, English cricketer (b. 1962)
    • 2007 – Nancy Adams, New Zealand botanist and illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2007 – Paul Lauterbur, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
    • 2008 – Jean-Marie Balestre, French businessman (b. 1921)
    • 2009 – Irving R. Levine, American journalist and author (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Dick Giordano, American illustrator (b. 1932)
    • 2011 – Clement Arrindell, Nevisian judge and politician, 1st Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (b. 1931)
    • 2011 – Farley Granger, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Adrienne Rich, American poet, essayist and feminist (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – Yvonne Brill, Canadian-American scientist and engineer (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Fay Kanin, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Richard N. Frye, American scholar and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – James R. Schlesinger, American economist and politician, 12th United States Secretary of Defense and first United States Secretary of Energy (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Johnny Helms, American trumpet player, bandleader, and educator (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – T. Sailo, Indian soldier and politician, 2nd Chief Minister of Mizoram (b. 1922)
    • 2016 – Mother Angelica, American Roman Catholic religious leader and media personality (b. 1923)

    Holidays and observances on March 27

    • Christian feast day:
      • Alexander, a Pannonian soldier, martyred in 3rd century.
      • Amador of Portugal
      • Augusta of Treviso
      • Charles Henry Brent (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Gelasius, Archbishop of Armagh
      • John of Egypt
      • Philetus
      • Romulus of Nîmes, a Benedictine abbot, martyred c. 730.
      • Rupert of Salzburg
      • Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
      • March 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Armed Forces Day (Myanmar)
    • International whisk(e)y day
    • World Theatre Day (International)