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  • July 7 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    The terms 7th July, July 7th, and 7/7 (pronounced “Seven-seven“) have been widely used in the Western media as a shorthand for the 7 July 2005 bombings on London’s transport system. In the Chinese language, this term is used to denote the Battle of Lugou Bridge started on July 7, 1937, marking the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

    July 7 in History

    • 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
    • 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death.
    • 1520 – Spanish conquistadores defeat a larger Aztec army at the Battle of Otumba.
    • 1534 – Jacques Cartier makes his first contact with aboriginal peoples in what is now Canada.
    • 1575 – The Raid of the Redeswire is the last major battle between England and Scotland.
    • 1585 – The Treaty of Nemours abolishes tolerance to Protestants in France.
    • 1770 – The Battle of Larga between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire takes place.
    • 1777 – American forces retreating from Fort Ticonderoga are defeated in the Battle of Hubbardton.
    • 1798 – As a result of the XYZ Affair, the US Congress rescinds the Treaty of Alliance with France sparking the “Quasi-War”.
    • 1807 – The Peace of Tilsit between France, Prussia and Russia ends the War of the Fourth Coalition.
    • 1834 – In New York City, four nights of rioting against abolitionists began.
    • 1846 – US troops occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena, thus beginning the US conquest of California.
    • 1863 – The United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
    • 1865 – Four conspirators in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln are hanged.
    • 1892 – The Katipunan is established, the discovery of which by Spanish authorities initiated the Philippine Revolution.
    • 1898 – US President William McKinley signs the Newlands Resolution annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States.
    • 1907 – Florenz Ziegfeld Jr. staged his first Follies on the roof of the New York Theater in New York City.
    • 1911 – The United States, UK, Japan, and Russia sign the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 banning open-water seal hunting, the first international treaty to address wildlife preservation issues.
    • 1915 – The First Battle of the Isonzo comes to an end.
    • 1915 – Colombo Town Guard officer Henry Pedris is executed in British Ceylon for allegedly inciting persecution of Muslims.
    • 1916 – The New Zealand Labour Party was founded in Wellington.
    • 1928 – Sliced bread is sold for the first time (on the inventor’s 48th birthday) by the Chillicothe Baking Company of Chillicothe, Missouri.
    • 1930 – Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam).
    • 1937 – The Marco Polo Bridge Incident provides the Imperial Japanese Army with a pretext for starting the Second Sino-Japanese War.
    • 1937 – The Peel Commission Report recommends the partition of Palestine, which was the first formal recommendation for partition in the history of Palestine.
    • 1941 – The US occupation of Iceland replaces the UK’s occupation.
    • 1944 – World War II: Largest Banzai charge of the Pacific War at the Battle of Saipan.
    • 1946 – Mother Francesca S. Cabrini becomes the first American to be canonized.
    • 1946 – Howard Hughes nearly dies when his XF-11 reconnaissance aircraft prototype crashes in a Beverly Hills neighborhood.
    • 1952 – The ocean liner SS United States passes Bishop Rock on her maiden voyage, breaking the transatlantic speed record to become the fastest passenger ship in the world.
    • 1953 – Ernesto “Che” Guevara sets out on a trip through Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, and El Salvador.
    • 1954 – Elvis Presley makes his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, “That’s All Right”.
    • 1958 – US President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Alaska Statehood Act into law.
    • 1959 – Venus occults the star Regulus. This rare event is used to determine the diameter of Venus and the structure of the Venusian atmosphere.
    • 1963 – Buddhist crisis: The police of Ngô Đình Nhu, brother and chief political adviser of President Ngo Dinh Diem, attacked a group of American journalists who were covering a protest.
    • 1978 – The Solomon Islands becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
    • 1980 – Institution of sharia law in Iran.
    • 1980 – During the Lebanese Civil War, 83 Tiger militants are killed during what will be known as the Safra massacre.
    • 1981 – US President Ronald Reagan appoints Sandra Day O’Connor to become the first female member of the Supreme Court of the United States.
    • 1983 – Cold War: Samantha Smith, a US schoolgirl, flies to the Soviet Union at the invitation of Secretary General Yuri Andropov.
    • 1985 – Boris Becker becomes the youngest player ever to win Wimbledon at age 17.
    • 1991 – Yugoslav Wars: The Brioni Agreement ends the ten-day independence war in Slovenia against the rest of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
    • 1992 – The New York Court of Appeals rules that women have the same right as men to go topless in public.
    • 1997 – The Turkish Armed Forces withdraw from northern Iraq after assisting the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the Iraqi Kurdish Civil War.
    • 2003 – NASA Opportunity rover, MER-B or Mars Exploration Rover–B, was launched into space aboard a Delta II rocket.
    • 2005 – A series of four explosions occurs on London’s transport system, killing 56 people, including four suicide bombers, and injuring over 700 others.
    • 2007 – The first Live Earth benefit concert was held in 11 locations around the world.
    • 2012 – At least 172 people are killed in a flash flood in the Krasnodar Krai region of Russia.
    • 2013 – A De Havilland Otter air taxi crashes in Soldotna, Alaska, killing ten people.
    • 2016 – Ex-US Army soldier Micah Xavier Johnson shoots fourteen policemen during an anti-police protest in downtown Dallas, Texas, killing five of them. He is subsequently killed by a robot-delivered bomb.

    Births on July 7

    • 611 – Eudoxia Epiphania, daughter of Byzantine emperor Heraclius
    • 1053 – Emperor Shirakawa of Japan (d. 1129)
    • 1119 – Emperor Sutoku of Japan (d. 1164)
    • 1207 – Elizabeth of Hungary (d. 1231)
    • 1482 – Andrzej Krzycki, Polish archbishop (d. 1537)
    • 1528 – Archduchess Anna of Austria (d. 1590)
    • 1540 – John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary (d. 1571)
    • 1586 – Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, English courtier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland (d. 1646)
    • 1616 – John Leverett, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (d. 1679)
    • 1752 – Joseph Marie Jacquard, French merchant, invented the Jacquard loom (d. 1834)
    • 1766 – Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (d. 1815)
    • 1831 – Jane Elizabeth Conklin, American poet and religious writer (d. 1914)
    • 1833 – Félicien Rops, Belgian painter and illustrator (d. 1898)
    • 1843 – Camillo Golgi, Italian physician and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926)
    • 1846 – Heinrich Rosenthal, Estonian physician and author (d. 1916)
    • 1848 – Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves, Brazilian politician, 5th President of Brazil (d. 1919)
    • 1851 – Charles Albert Tindley, American minister and composer (d. 1933)
    • 1855 – Ludwig Ganghofer, German author and playwright (d. 1920)
    • 1859 – Rettamalai Srinivasan, Indian politician (d. 1911)
    • 1860 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1911)
    • 1861 – Nettie Stevens, American geneticist (d. 1912)
    • 1869 – Rachel Caroline Eaton, American academic (d. 1938)
    • 1869 – Fernande Sadler (d.1949), French painter and mayor
    • 1874 – Erwin Bumke, German lawyer and jurist (d. 1945)
    • 1880 – Otto Frederick Rohwedder, American engineer, invented sliced bread (d. 1960)
    • 1882 – Yanka Kupala, Belarusian poet and writer (d. 1941)
    • 1884 – Toivo Kuula, Finnish conductor and composer (d. 1918)
    • 1884 – Lion Feuchtwanger, German author and playwright (d. 1958)
    • 1891 – Tadamichi Kuribayashi, Japanese general and poet (d. 1945)
    • 1891 – Virginia Rappe, American model and actress (d. 1921)
    • 1893 – Herbert Feis, American historian and author (d. 1972)
    • 1893 – Miroslav Krleža, Croatian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1981)
    • 1898 – Arnold Horween, American football player and coach (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – George Cukor, American director and producer (d. 1983)
    • 1900 – Maria Bard, German stage and silent film actress (d. 1944)
    • 1900 – Earle E. Partridge, American general (d. 1990)
    • 1901 – Vittorio De Sica, Italian actor and director (d. 1974)
    • 1901 – Sam Katzman, American director and producer (d. 1973)
    • 1901 – Eiji Tsuburaya, Japanese cinematographer and producer (d. 1970)
    • 1902 – Ted Radcliffe, American baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
    • 1904 – Simone Beck, French chef and author (d. 1991)
    • 1905 – Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin, French mathematician (d. 1972)
    • 1906 – William Feller, Croatian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1970)
    • 1906 – Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer (d. 1985)
    • 1906 – Satchel Paige, American baseball player and coach (d. 1982)
    • 1907 – Robert A. Heinlein, American science fiction writer and screenwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1908 – Revilo P. Oliver, American author and academic (d. 1994)
    • 1909 – Gottfried von Cramm, German tennis player (d. 1976)
    • 1910 – Doris McCarthy, Canadian painter and author (d. 2010)
    • 1911 – Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-American composer (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – Pinetop Perkins, American singer and pianist (d. 2011)
    • 1915 – Margaret Walker, American novelist and poet (d. 1998)
    • 1917 – Fidel Sánchez Hernández, Salvadoran general and politician, President of El Salvador (d. 2003)
    • 1917 – Iva Withers, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Bob Vanatta, American head basketball coach (d. 2016)
    • 1918 – Jing Shuping, Chinese businessman (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Jon Pertwee, English actor (d. 1996)
    • 1921 – Ezzard Charles, American boxer (d. 1975)
    • 1921 – Adolf von Thadden, German lieutenant and politician (d. 1996)
    • 1922 – Alan Armer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – James D. Hughes, American Air Force lieutenant general
    • 1923 – Liviu Ciulei, Romanian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Whitney North Seymour Jr., American politician (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Eduardo Falú, Argentinian guitarist and composer (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Natalia Bekhtereva, Russian neuroscientist and psychologist (d. 2008)
    • 1924 – Karim Olowu, Nigerian sprinter and long jumper (d. 2019)
    • 1924 – Mary Ford, American singer and guitarist (d. 1977)
    • 1924 – Eddie Romero, Filipino director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Wally Phillips, American radio host (d. 2008)
    • 1926 – Nuon Chea, Cambodian politician (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Anand Mohan Zutshi Gulzar Dehlvi, Urdu poet (d. 2020)
    • 1927 – Alan J. Dixon, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 34th Illinois Secretary of State (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Charlie Louvin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011)
    • 1927 – Doc Severinsen, American trumpet player and conductor
    • 1928 – Patricia Hitchcock, English actress
    • 1928 – Kapelwa Sikota Zambian nurse and health official (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Hasan Abidi, Pakistani journalist and poet (d. 2005)
    • 1929 – Sergio Romano, Italian writer, journalist, and historian
    • 1930 – Biljana Plavšić, 2nd President of Republika Srpska
    • 1930 – Hamish MacInnes, Scottish mountaineer and author
    • 1930 – Theodore Edgar McCarrick, American cardinal
    • 1930 – Hank Mobley, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1986)
    • 1931 – David Eddings, American author and academic (d. 2009)
    • 1932 – T. J. Bass, American physician and author (d. 2011)
    • 1932 – Joe Zawinul, Austrian jazz keyboardist and composer (d. 2007)
    • 1933 – David McCullough, American historian and author
    • 1934 – Robert McNeill Alexander, British zoologist (d. 2016)
    • 1935 – Gian Carlo Michelini, Italian-Taiwanese Roman Catholic priest
    • 1936 – Egbert Brieskorn, German mathematician and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1936 – Jo Siffert, Swiss race car driver (d. 1971)
    • 1936 – Nikos Xilouris, Greek singer-songwriter (d. 1980)
    • 1937 – Tung Chee-hwa, Hong Kong businessman and politician, 1st Chief Executive of Hong Kong
    • 1938 – James Montgomery Boice, American pastor and theologian (d. 2000)
    • 1939 – Elena Obraztsova, Russian soprano and actress (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Ringo Starr, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor
    • 1941 – Marco Bollesan, Italian rugby player and coach
    • 1941 – John Fru Ndi, Cameroonian politician
    • 1941 – Michael Howard, Welsh lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for the Environment
    • 1941 – Bill Oddie, English comedian, actor, and singer
    • 1941 – Jim Rodford, English bass player (d. 2018)
    • 1942 – Carmen Duncan, Australian actress (d. 2019)
    • 1943 – Joel Siegel, American journalist and critic (d. 2007)
    • 1944 – Feleti Sevele, Tongan politician; Prime Minister of Tonga
    • 1944 – Tony Jacklin, English golfer and sportscaster
    • 1944 – Glenys Kinnock, Baroness Kinnock of Holyhead, English educator and politician, Minister of State for Europe
    • 1944 – Emanuel Steward, American boxer and trainer (d. 2012)
    • 1944 – Ian Wilmut, English-Scottish embryologist and academic
    • 1945 – Michael Ancram, English lawyer and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
    • 1945 – Adele Goldberg, American computer scientist and academic
    • 1945 – Helô Pinheiro, inspiration for the song “The Girl from Ipanema”
    • 1947 – Gyanendra, King of Nepal
    • 1947 – Howard Rheingold, American author and critic
    • 1949 – Shelley Duvall, American actress, writer, and producer
    • 1954 – Simon Anderson, Australian surfer
    • 1955 – Len Barker, American baseball player and coach
    • 1957 – Jonathan Dayton, American director and producer
    • 1957 – Berry Sakharof, Turkish-Israeli singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1958 – Alexander Svinin, Russian figure skater and coach
    • 1959 – Billy Campbell, American actor
    • 1960 – Kevin A. Ford, American colonel and astronaut
    • 1960 – Ralph Sampson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1963 – Vonda Shepard, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1964 – Dominik Henzel, Czech-Swedish actor and comedian
    • 1965 – Mo Collins, American actress, comedian and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Jeremy Kyle, English talk show host
    • 1966 – Jim Gaffigan, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Tom Kristensen, Danish race car driver
    • 1968 – Jorja Fox, American actress
    • 1969 – Sylke Otto, German luger
    • 1969 – Joe Sakic, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1969 – Cree Summer, American-Canadian actress
    • 1970 – Wayne McCullough, Northern Irish boxer
    • 1970 – Min Patel, Indian-English cricketer
    • 1970 – Erik Zabel, German cyclist and coach
    • 1971 – Christian Camargo, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Lisa Leslie, American basketball player and actress
    • 1972 – Manfred Stohl, Austrian race car driver
    • 1972 – Kirsten Vangsness, American actress and writer
    • 1973 – José Jiménez, Dominican baseball player
    • 1973 – Kārlis Skrastiņš, Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2011)
    • 1974 – Patrick Lalime, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Tony Benshoof, American luger
    • 1975 – Louis Koen, South African rugby player
    • 1975 – Adam Nelson, American shot putter
    • 1976 – Bérénice Bejo, Argentinian-French actress
    • 1976 – Dominic Foley, Irish footballer
    • 1976 – Vasily Petrenko, Russian conductor
    • 1976 – Ercüment Olgundeniz, Turkish discus thrower and shot putter
    • 1978 – Chris Andersen, American basketball player
    • 1978 – Davor Kraljević, Croatian footballer
    • 1979 – Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad Arbaysh, Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2015)
    • 1979 – Anastasios Gousis, Greek sprinter
    • 1979 – Douglas Hondo, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1980 – John Buck, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Serdar Kulbilge, Turkish footballer
    • 1980 – Michelle Kwan, American figure skater
    • 1981 – Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Indian cricketer
    • 1982 – Jan Laštůvka, Czech footballer
    • 1982 – George Owu, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1983 – Justin Davies, Australian footballer
    • 1984 – Minas Alozidis, Greek hurdler
    • 1984 – Alberto Aquilani, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Mohammad Ashraful, Bangladeshi cricketer
    • 1985 – Marc Stein, German footballer
    • 1986 – Ana Kasparian, American journalist and producer
    • 1986 – Udo Schwarz, German rugby player
    • 1986 – Sevyn Streeter, American singer-songwriter
    • 1988 – Kaci Brown, American singer-songwriter
    • 1988 – Lukas Rosenthal, German rugby player
    • 1989 – Landon Cassill, American race car driver
    • 1989 – Miina Kallas, Estonian footballer
    • 1989 – Karl-August Tiirmaa, Estonian skier
    • 1990 – Lee Addy, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1990 – Pascal Stöger, Austrian footballer
    • 1991 – Alesso, Swedish DJ, record producer and musician
    • 1992 – Ellina Anissimova, Estonian hammer thrower
    • 1992 – Dominik Furman, Polish footballer
    • 1994 – Timothy Cathcart, Northern Irish race car driver (d. 2014)

    Deaths on July 7

    • 984 – Crescentius the Elder, Italian politician and aristocrat
    • 1021 – Fujiwara no Akimitsu, Japanese bureaucrat (b. 944)
    • 1162 – Haakon II Sigurdsson, king of Norway (b. 1147)
    • 1285 – Tile Kolup, German impostor claiming to be Frederick II
    • 1304 – Benedict XI, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1240)
    • 1307 – Edward I, king of England (b. 1239)
    • 1345 – Momchil, Bulgarian brigand and ruler
    • 1531 – Tilman Riemenschneider, German sculptor (b. 1460)
    • 1568 – William Turner, British ornithologist and botanist (b. 1508)
    • 1572 – Sigismund II Augustus, Polish king (b. 1520)
    • 1573 – Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect, designed the Church of the Gesù and Villa Farnese (b. 1507)
    • 1593 – Mohammed Bagayogo, Malian scholar and academic (b. 1523)
    • 1600 – Thomas Lucy, English politician (b. 1532)
    • 1607 – Penelope Blount, Countess of Devonshire, English noblewoman (b. 1563)
    • 1647 – Thomas Hooker, English minister, founded the Colony of Connecticut (b. 1586)
    • 1701 – William Stoughton, American judge and politician, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (b. 1631)
    • 1713 – Henry Compton, English bishop (b. 1632)
    • 1718 – Alexei Petrovich, Russian tsar (b. 1690)
    • 1730 – Olivier Levasseur, French pirate (b. 1690)
    • 1758 – Marthanda Varma, Rani of Attingal (b. 1706)
    • 1764 – William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath, English politician, Secretary at War (b. 1683)
    • 1776 – Jeremiah Markland, English scholar and academic (b. 1693)
    • 1790 – François Hemsterhuis, Dutch philosopher and author (b. 1721)
    • 1816 – Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Irish playwright and poet (b. 1751)
    • 1863 – William Mulready, Irish genre painter (b. 1786)
    • 1865 – George Atzerodt (b. 1833)
    • 1865 – David Herold (b. 1842)
    • 1865 – Lewis Payne (b. 1844)
    • 1865 – Mary Surratt (b. 1823)
    • 1890 – Henri Nestlé, German businessman, founded Nestlé (b. 1814)
    • 1901 – Johanna Spyri, Swiss author (b. 1827)
    • 1913 – Edward Burd Grubb Jr., American general and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Spain (b. 1841)
    • 1922 – Cathal Brugha, Irish revolutionary and politician, active in the Easter Rising, Irish War of Independence; first Ceann Comhairle and first President of Dáil Éireann (b. 1874)
    • 1925 – Clarence Hudson White, American photographer and educator (b. 1871)
    • 1927 – Gösta Mittag-Leffler, Swedish mathematician and academic (b. 1846)
    • 1930 – Arthur Conan Doyle, British writer (b. 1859)
    • 1932 – Alexander Grin, Russian author (b. 1880)
    • 1932 – Henry Eyster Jacobs, American theologian and educator (b. 1844)
    • 1939 – Deacon White, American baseball player and manager (b. 1847)
    • 1950 – Fats Navarro, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1923)
    • 1955 – Ali Naci Karacan, Turkish journalist and publisher (b. 1896)
    • 1956 – Gottfried Benn, German author and poet (b. 1886)
    • 1960 – Francis Browne, Irish priest and photographer (b. 1880)
    • 1964 – Lillian Copeland, American discus thrower and shot putter (b. 1904)
    • 1965 – Moshe Sharett, Ukrainian-Israeli lieutenant and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1894)
    • 1968 – Jo Schlesser, French race car driver (b. 1928)
    • 1971 – Claude Gauvreau, Canadian poet and playwright (b. 1925)
    • 1972 – Athenagoras I of Constantinople (b. 1886)
    • 1973 – Max Horkheimer, German philosopher and sociologist (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Veronica Lake, American actress (b. 1922)
    • 1976 – Walter Giesler, American soccer player and referee (b. 1910)
    • 1978 – Francisco Mendes, Guinea-Bissau lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1933)
    • 1980 – Dore Schary, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1905)
    • 1982 – Bon Maharaja, Indian guru and religious writer (b. 1901)
    • 1984 – George Oppen, American poet and author (b. 1908)
    • 1987 – Germaine Thyssens-Valentin, Dutch-French pianist (b. 1902)
    • 1990 – Bill Cullen, American television panelist and game show host (b. 1920)
    • 1990 – Cazuza, Brazilian singer and songwriter (b. 1958)
    • 1993 – Rıfat Ilgaz, Turkish author, poet, and educator (b. 1911)
    • 1994 – Carlo Chiti, Italian engineer (b. 1924)
    • 1994 – Cameron Mitchell, American actor (b. 1918)
    • 1994 – Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, German general (b. 1907)
    • 1998 – Moshood Abiola, Nigerian businessman and politician (b. 1937)
    • 1999 – Julie Campbell Tatham, American author (b. 1908)
    • 1999 – Vikram Batra, Param Vir Chakra, Indian Army personnel (b. 1974)
    • 2000 – Kenny Irwin Jr., American race car driver (b. 1969)
    • 2001 – Fred Neil, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1936)
    • 2003 – Izhak Graziani, Bulgarian trumpet player and conductor (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – Syd Barrett, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Juan de Ávalos, Spanish sculptor (b. 1911)
    • 2006 – John Money, New Zealand-American psychologist and author (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Bruce Conner, American sculptor, painter, and photographer (b. 1933)
    • 2008 – Dorian Leigh, American model (b. 1917)
    • 2011 – Allan W. Eckert, American historian and author (b. 1931)
    • 2011 – Dick Williams, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Ronaldo Cunha Lima, Brazilian poet and politician (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Dennis Flemion, American drummer (b. 1955)
    • 2012 – Doris Neal, American baseball player (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Jerry Norman, American sinologist and linguist (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Leon Schlumpf, Swiss politician (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Artur Hajzer, Polish mountaineer (b. 1962)
    • 2013 – Robert Hamerton-Kelly, South African-American pastor, theologian, and author (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Donald J. Irwin, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Ben Pucci, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentinian-Spanish footballer and coach (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Eduard Shevardnadze, Georgian general and politician, 2nd President of Georgia (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Peter Underwood, Australian lawyer and politician, 27th Governor of Tasmania (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Maria Barroso, Portuguese actress and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2015 – Bob MacKinnon, American basketball player and coach (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on July 7

    • Christian feast day:
      • Æthelburh of Faremoutiers
      • Felix of Nantes
      • Illidius
      • The job of Manyava (Ukrainian Orthodox Church)
      • Willibald (Catholic Church)
      • July 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Solomon Islands from the United Kingdom in 1978.
    • Ivan Kupala Day (Belarus, Poland, Russia, Ukraine)
    • Saba Saba Day (Tanzania)
    • Tanabata (Japan)
    • World Chocolate Day

  • June 17 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism.
    • 1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were burnt in Paris.
    • 1397 – The Kalmar Union is formed under the rule of Margaret I of Denmark.
    • 1462 – Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II (The Night Attack at Târgovişte), forcing him to retreat from Wallachia.
    • 1497 – Battle of Deptford Bridge: Forces under King Henry VII defeat troops led by Michael An Gof.
    • 1565 – Matsunaga Hisahide assassinates the 13th Ashikaga shōgun, Ashikaga Yoshiteru.
    • 1579 – Sir Francis Drake claims a land he calls Nova Albion (modern California) for England.
    • 1596 – The Dutch explorer Willem Barentsz discovers the Arctic archipelago of Spitsbergen.
    • 1631 – Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, will spend the next 17 years building her mausoleum, the Taj Mahal.
    • 1665 – Battle of Montes Claros: Portugal definitively secured independence from Spain in the last battle of the Portuguese Restoration War.
    • 1673 – French explorers Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet reach the Mississippi River and become the first Europeans to make a detailed account of its course.
    • 1767 – Samuel Wallis, a British sea captain, sights Tahiti and is considered the first European to reach the island.
    • 1773 – Cúcuta, Colombia, is founded by Juana Rangel de Cuéllar.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Colonists inflict heavy casualties on British forces while losing the Battle of Bunker Hill.
    • 1789 – In France, the Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly.
    • 1794 – Foundation of Anglo-Corsican Kingdom.
    • 1795 – The burghers of Swellendam expel the Dutch East India Company magistrate and declare a republic.
    • 1839 – In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace are established as a result.
    • 1843 – The Wairau Affray, the first serious clash of arms between Māori and British settlers in the New Zealand Wars, takes place.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Vienna, Virginia.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Aldie in the Gettysburg Campaign.
    • 1876 – American Indian Wars: Battle of the Rosebud: 1,500 Sioux and Cheyenne led by Crazy Horse beat back General George Crook’s forces at Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory.
    • 1877 – American Indian Wars: Battle of White Bird Canyon: The Nez Perce defeat the U.S. Cavalry at White Bird Canyon in the Idaho Territory.
    • 1885 – The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor.
    • 1898 – The United States Navy Hospital Corps is established.
    • 1900 – Boxer Rebellion: Western Allied and Japanese forces capture the Taku Forts in Tianjin, China.
    • 1901 – The College Board introduces its first standardized test, the forerunner to the SAT.
    • 1910 – Aurel Vlaicu pilots an A. Vlaicu nr. 1 on its first flight.
    • 1922 – Portuguese naval aviators Gago Coutinho and Sacadura Cabral complete the first aerial crossing of the South Atlantic.
    • 1929 – The town of Murchison, New Zealand Is rocked by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake killing 17. At the time it was New Zealand’s worst natural disaster.
    • 1930 – U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act into law.
    • 1932 – Bonus Army: Around a thousand World War I veterans amass at the United States Capitol as the U.S. Senate considers a bill that would give them certain benefits.
    • 1933 – Union Station massacre: In Kansas City, Missouri, four FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash are gunned down by gangsters attempting to free Nash.
    • 1939 – Last public guillotining in France: Eugen Weidmann, a convicted murderer, is executed in Versailles outside the Saint-Pierre prison.
    • 1940 – World War II: RMS Lancastria is attacked and sunk by the Luftwaffe near Saint-Nazaire, France. At least 3,000 are killed in Britain’s worst maritime disaster.
    • 1940 – World War II: The British Army’s 11th Hussars assault and take Fort Capuzzo in Libya, Africa from Italian forces.
    • 1940 – The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet Union.
    • 1944 – Iceland declares independence from Denmark and becomes a republic.
    • 1948 – United Airlines Flight 624, a Douglas DC-6, crashes near Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania, killing all 43 people on board.
    • 1952 – Guatemala passes Decree 900, ordering the redistribution of uncultivated land.
    • 1953 – Cold War: East Germany Workers Uprising: In East Germany, the Soviet Union orders a division of troops into East Berlin to quell a rebellion.
    • 1958 – The Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing, in the process of being built to connect Vancouver and North Vancouver (Canada), collapses into the Burrard Inlet killing 18 ironworkers and injuring others.
    • 1960 – The Nez Perce tribe is awarded $4 million for 7 million acres (28,000 km2) of land undervalued at four cents/acre in the 1863 treaty.
    • 1963 – The United States Supreme Court rules 8–1 in Abington School District v. Schempp against requiring the reciting of Bible verses and the Lord’s Prayer in public schools.
    • 1963 – A day after South Vietnamese President Ngô Đình Diệm announced the Joint Communiqué to end the Buddhist crisis, a riot involving around 2,000 people breaks out. One person is killed.
    • 1967 – Nuclear weapons testing: China announces a successful test of its first thermonuclear weapon.
    • 1972 – Watergate scandal: Five White House operatives are arrested for burgling the offices of the Democratic National Committee during an attempt by members of the administration of President Richard M. Nixon to illegally wiretap the political opposition as part of a broader campaign to subvert the democratic process
    • 1985 – Space Shuttle program: STS-51-G mission: Space Shuttle Discovery launches carrying Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the first Arab and first Muslim in space, as a payload specialist.
    • 1987 – With the death of the last individual of the species, the dusky seaside sparrow becomes extinct.
    • 1991 – Apartheid: The South African Parliament repeals the Population Registration Act which required racial classification of all South Africans at birth.
    • 1992 – A “joint understanding” agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President George Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin (this would be later codified in START II).
    • 1994 – Following a televised low-speed highway chase, O. J. Simpson is arrested for the murders of his ex-wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend Ronald Goldman.
    • 2015 – Nine people are killed in a mass shooting at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina.
    • 2017 – A series of wildfires in central Portugal kill at least 64 people and injure 204 others.

    Births on June 17

    • 801 – Drogo of Metz, Frankish bishop (d. 855)
    • 1239 – Edward I, English king (d. 1307)
    • 1530 – François de Montmorency, French nobleman (d. 1579)
    • 1571 – Thomas Mun, English writer on economics (d. 1641)
    • 1603 – Joseph of Cupertino, Italian mystic and saint (d. 1663)
    • 1604 – John Maurice, Dutch nobleman (d. 1679)
    • 1610 – Birgitte Thott, Danish scholar, writer and translator (b. 1662)
    • 1631 – Gauharara Begum, Mughal princess (d. 1706)
    • 1682 – Charles XII, Swedish king (d. 1718)
    • 1691 – Giovanni Paolo Panini, Italian painter and architect (d. 1765)
    • 1693 – Johann Georg Walch, German theologian and author (d. 1775)
    • 1704 – John Kay, English engineer, invented the Flying shuttle (d. 1780)
    • 1714 – César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer and cartographer (d. 1784)
    • 1718 – George Howard, English field marshal and politician, Governor of Minorca (d. 1796)
    • 1778 – Gregory Blaxland, English-Australian explorer (d. 1853)
    • 1800 – William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, English-Irish astronomer and politician (d. 1867)
    • 1808 – Henrik Wergeland, Norwegian poet, playwright, and linguist (d. 1845)
    • 1810 – Ferdinand Freiligrath, German poet and translator (d. 1876)
    • 1811 – Jón Sigurðsson, Icelandic scholar and politician (d. 1879)
    • 1818 – Charles Gounod, French composer and academic (d. 1893)
    • 1818 – Sophie of Württemberg, queen of the Netherlands (d. 1877)
    • 1821 – E. G. Squier, American archaeologist and journalist (d. 1888)
    • 1832 – William Crookes, English chemist and physicist (d. 1919)
    • 1833 – Manuel González Flores, Mexican general and president (d. 1893)
    • 1858 – Eben Sumner Draper, American businessman and politician, 44th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1914)
    • 1861 – Pete Browning, American baseball player (d. 1905)
    • 1861 – Omar Bundy, American general (d. 1940)
    • 1863 – Charles Michael, duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1934)
    • 1865 – Susan La Flesche Picotte, Native American physician (d. 1915)
    • 1867 – Flora Finch, English-American actress (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – John Robert Gregg, Irish-born American educator, publisher, and humanitarian (d. 1948)
    • 1867 – Henry Lawson, Australian poet and author (d. 1922)
    • 1871 – James Weldon Johnson, American author, journalist, and activist (d. 1938)
    • 1876 – William Carr, American rower (d. 1942)
    • 1876 – Edward Anthony Spitzka, American anatomist and author (d. 1922)
    • 1880 – Carl Van Vechten, American author and photographer (d. 1964)
    • 1881 – Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer and promoter (d. 1955)
    • 1882 – Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1918)
    • 1882 – Igor Stravinsky, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1971)
    • 1888 – Heinz Guderian, German general (d. 1954)
    • 1897 – Maria Izilda de Castro Ribeiro, Brazilian girl, popular saint (d. 1911)
    • 1898 – M. C. Escher, Dutch illustrator (d. 1972)
    • 1898 – Carl Hermann, German physicist and academic (d. 1961)
    • 1898 – Harry Patch, English soldier and firefighter (d. 2009)
    • 1900 – Martin Bormann, German politician (d. 1945)
    • 1900 – Evelyn Irons, Scottish journalist and war correspondent (d. 2000)
    • 1902 – Sammy Fain, American pianist and composer (d. 1989)
    • 1902 – Alec Hurwood, Australian cricketer (d. 1982)
    • 1903 – Ruth Graves Wakefield, American chef, created the chocolate chip cookie (d. 1977)
    • 1904 – Ralph Bellamy, American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – J. Vernon McGee, American pastor and theologian (d. 1988)
    • 1904 – Patrice Tardif, Canadian farmer and politician (d. 1989)
    • 1907 – Maurice Cloche, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1990)
    • 1909 – Elmer L. Andersen, American businessman and politician, 30th Governor of Minnesota (d. 2004)
    • 1909 – Ralph E. Winters, Canadian-American film editor (d. 2004)
    • 1910 – Red Foley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1968)
    • 1910 – George Hees, Canadian football player and politician (d. 1996)
    • 1914 – John Hersey, American journalist and author (d. 1993)
    • 1915 – David “Stringbean” Akeman, American singer and banjo player (d. 1973)
    • 1915 – Marcel Cadieux, Canadian civil servant and diplomat, Canadian Ambassador to the United States (d. 1981)
    • 1916 – Terry Gilkyson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1999)
    • 1917 – Dufferin Roblin, Canadian politician, 14th Premier of Manitoba (d. 2010)
    • 1918 – Ajahn Chah, Thai monk and educator (d. 1992)
    • 1919 – William Kaye Estes, American psychologist and academic (d. 2011)
    • 1919 – John Moffat, Scottish lieutenant and pilot (d. 2016)
    • 1919 – Beryl Reid, English actress (d. 1996)
    • 1920 – Jacob H. Gilbert, American lawyer and politician (d. 1981)
    • 1920 – Setsuko Hara, Japanese actress (d. 2015)
    • 1920 – François Jacob, French biologist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Peter Le Cheminant, English air marshal and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (d. 2018)
    • 1922 – John Amis, English journalist and critic (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Elroy Hirsch, American football player (d. 2004)
    • 1923 – Arnold S. Relman, American physician and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Dale C. Thomson, Canadian historian and academic (d. 1999)
    • 1925 – Alexander Shulgin, American pharmacologist and chemist (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Martin Böttcher, German composer and conductor (d. 2019)
    • 1927 – Wally Wood, American author, illustrator, and publisher (d. 1981)
    • 1928 – Juan María Bordaberry, President of Uruguay (d. 2011)
    • 1929 – Bud Collins, American journalist and sportscaster (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Tigran Petrosian, Armenian chess player (d. 1984)
    • 1930 – Cliff Gallup, American rock & roll guitarist (d. 1988)
    • 1930 – Brian Statham, English cricketer (d. 2000)
    • 1931 – John Baldessari, American painter and illustrator (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Derek Ibbotson, English runner (d. 2017)
    • 1932 – John Murtha, American colonel and politician (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – Harry Browne, American soldier and politician (d. 2006)
    • 1933 – Christian Ferras, French violinist (d. 1982)
    • 1933 – Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (d. 1970)
    • 1936 – Vern Harper, Canadian tribal leader and activist (d. 2018)
    • 1936 – Ken Loach, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1937 – Peter Fitzgerald, Irish footballer and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Ted Nelson, American sociologist and philosopher
    • 1937 – Clodovil Hernandes, Brazilian fashion designer, television presenter and politician (d. 2009)
    • 1940 – George Akerlof, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1940 – Bobby Bell, American football player
    • 1940 – Chuck Rainey, American bassist
    • 1941 – Nicholas C. Handy, English chemist and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1942 – Mohamed ElBaradei, Egyptian politician, Vice President of Egypt, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1942 – Doğu Perinçek, Turkish lawyer and politician
    • 1942 – Roger Steffens, American actor and producer
    • 1943 – Newt Gingrich, American historian and politician, 58th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
    • 1943 – Barry Manilow, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1943 – Chantal Mouffe, Belgian theorist and author
    • 1943 – Burt Rutan, American engineer and pilot
    • 1944 – Randy Johnson, American football player (d. 2009)
    • 1944 – Chris Spedding, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Tommy Franks, American general
    • 1945 – Ken Livingstone, English politician, 1st Mayor of London
    • 1945 – Eddy Merckx, Belgian cyclist and sportscaster
    • 1945 – Art Bell, American broadcaster and author (d. 2018)
    • 1946 – Peter Rosei, Austrian author, poet, and playwright
    • 1947 – Christopher Allport, American actor (d. 2008)
    • 1947 – Timothy Wright, American gospel singer, pastor (d. 2009)
    • 1947 – Linda Chavez, American journalist and author
    • 1947 – George S. Clinton, American composer and songwriter
    • 1947 – Gregg Rolie, American rock singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1947 – Paul Young, English singer-songwriter (d. 2000)
    • 1948 – Dave Concepción, Venezuelan baseball player and manager
    • 1948 – Jacqueline Jones, American historian and academic
    • 1948 – Aurelio López, Mexican baseball player and politician (d. 1992)
    • 1948 – Karol Sikora, English physician and academic
    • 1949 – Snakefinger, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1987)
    • 1949 – John Craven, English economist and academic
    • 1949 – Russell Smith, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
    • 1950 – Lee Tamahori, New Zealand film director
    • 1951 – Starhawk, American author and activist
    • 1951 – John Garrett, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1951 – Joe Piscopo, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Mike Milbury, American ice hockey player, coach, and manager
    • 1952 – Estelle Morris, Baroness Morris of Yardley, English educator and politician, Secretary of State for Education
    • 1953 – Vernon Coaker, English educator and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
    • 1953 – Juan Muñoz, Spanish sculptor and storyteller (d. 2001)
    • 1954 – Mark Linn-Baker, American actor and director
    • 1955 – Mati Laur, Estonian historian, author, and academic
    • 1955 – Bob Sauvé, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1955 – Cem Hakko, Turkish fashion designer and businessman
    • 1956 – Iain Milne, Scottish rugby player
    • 1957 – Philip Chevron, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
    • 1957 – Martin Dillon, American tenor and educator (d. 2005)
    • 1957 – Uģis Prauliņš, Latvian composer
    • 1958 – Pierre Berbizier, French rugby player and coach
    • 1958 – Jello Biafra, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1958 – Bobby Farrelly, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1958 – Sam Hamad, Syrian-Canadian academic and politician
    • 1958 – Jon Leibowitz, American lawyer and politician
    • 1958 – Daniel McVicar, American actor
    • 1959 – Carol Anderson, American author and historian
    • 1959 – Lawrence Haddad, South African-English economist and academic
    • 1959 – Nikos Stavropoulos, Greek basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Adrián Campos, Spanish race car driver
    • 1960 – Thomas Haden Church, American actor
    • 1961 – Kōichi Yamadera, Japanese actor and singer
    • 1962 – Michael Monroe, Finnish singer-songwriter and saxophonist
    • 1963 – Greg Kinnear, American actor, television presenter, and producer
    • 1964 – Rinaldo Capello, Italian race car driver
    • 1964 – Michael Gross, German swimmer
    • 1964 – Steve Rhodes, English cricketer and coach
    • 1965 – Dermontti Dawson, American football player and coach
    • 1965 – Dan Jansen, American speed skater and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Dara O’Kearney, Irish runner and poker player
    • 1966 – Mohammed Ghazy Al-Akhras, Iraqi journalist and author
    • 1966 – Tory Burch, American fashion designer and philanthropist
    • 1966 – Ken Clark, American football player (d. 2013)
    • 1966 – Diane Modahl, English runner
    • 1966 – Jason Patric, American actor
    • 1967 – Dorothea Röschmann, German soprano and actress
    • 1967 – Eric Stefani, American keyboard player and composer
    • 1968 – Steve Georgallis, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1968 – Minoru Suzuki, Japanese wrestler and mixed martial artist
    • 1969 – Paul Tergat, Kenyan runner
    • 1969 – Geoff Toovey, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1969 – Ilya Tsymbalar, Ukrainian-Russian footballer and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1970 – Stéphane Fiset, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1970 – Will Forte, American actor, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Jason Hanson, American football player
    • 1970 – Popeye Jones, American basketball player and coach
    • 1970 – Michael Showalter, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Alan Dowson, English football manager and former professional player
    • 1971 – Paulina Rubio, Mexican pop singer
    • 1971 – Mildred Fox, Irish politician
    • 1973 – Leander Paes, Indian tennis player
    • 1974 – Evangelia Psarra, Greek archer
    • 1975 – Joshua Leonard, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1975 – Juan Carlos Valerón, Spanish footballer
    • 1975 – Phiyada Akkraseranee, Thai actress and model
    • 1976 – Scott Adkins, English actor and martial artist
    • 1976 – Sven Nys, Belgian cyclist
    • 1977 – Tjaša Jezernik, Slovenian tennis player
    • 1977 – Mark Tauscher, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Isabelle Delobel, French ice dancer
    • 1978 – Travis Roche, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1979 – Nick Rimando, American soccer player
    • 1979 – Tyson Apostol, American television personality
    • 1979 – Young Maylay, American rapper, producer, and voice actor
    • 1980 – Elisa Rigaudo, Italian race walker
    • 1980 – Jeph Jacques, American author and illustrator
    • 1980 – Venus Williams, American tennis player
    • 1981 – Kyle Boller, American football player
    • 1981 – Shane Watson, Australian cricketer
    • 1982 – Alex Rodrigo Dias da Costa, Brazilian footballer
    • 1982 – Marek Svatoš, Slovak ice hockey player (d. 2016)
    • 1982 – Stanislava Hrozenská, Slovak tennis player
    • 1982 – Stefan Hodgetts, English racing driver
    • 1982 – Arthur Darvill, English actor
    • 1982 – Jodie Whittaker, English actress
    • 1983 – Lee Ryan, English singer/actor
    • 1983 – Vlasis Kazakis, Greek footballer
    • 1984 – Michael Mathieu, Bahamian sprinter
    • 1984 – Si Tianfeng, Chinese race walker
    • 1985 – Özge Akın, Turkish sprinter
    • 1985 – Marcos Baghdatis, Cypriot tennis player
    • 1985 – Rafael Sóbis, Brazilian footballer
    • 1986 – Apoula Edel, Armenian footballer
    • 1986 – Helen Glover, English rower
    • 1987 – Kendrick Lamar, American rapper
    • 1987 – Nozomi Tsuji, Japanese singer and actress
    • 1988 – Andrew Ogilvy, Australian basketball player
    • 1988 – Shaun MacDonald, Welsh footballer
    • 1988 – Stephanie Rice, Australian swimmer
    • 1989 – Georgios Tofas, Cypriot footballer
    • 1989 – Simone Battle, American singer and actress (d. 2014)
    • 1990 – Jordan Henderson, English footballer
    • 1990 – Josh Mansour, Australian rugby league player
    • 1991 – Daniel Tupou, Australian-Tongan rugby league player
    • 1994 – Amari Cooper, American football player
    • 1995 – Clément Lenglet, French footballer

    Deaths on June 17

    • 656 – Uthman, caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate (b. 579)
    • 676 – Adeodatus, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 811 – Sakanoue no Tamuramaro, Japanese shōgun (b. 758)
    • 850 – Tachibana no Kachiko, Japanese empress (b. 786)
    • 900 – Fulk, French archbishop and chancellor
    • 1025 – Bolesław I the Brave, Polish king (b. 967)
    • 1091 – Dirk V, count of Holland (b. 1052)
    • 1207 – Daoji, Chinese buddhist monk (b. 1130)
    • 1219 – David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon
    • 1361 – Ingeborg of Norway, princess consort and regent of Sweden (b. 1301)
    • 1400 – Jan of Jenštejn, archbishop of Prague (b. 1348)
    • 1463 – Catherine of Portugal, Portuguese princess (b. 1436)
    • 1501 – John I Albert, Polish king (b. 1459)
    • 1565 – Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shōgun (b. 1536)
    • 1631 – Mumtaz Mahal, Mughal princess (b. 1593)
    • 1649 – Injo of Joseon, Korean king (b. 1595)
    • 1674 – Jijabai, Dowager Queen, mother of Shivaji (b. 1598)
    • 1694 – Philip Howard, English cardinal (b. 1629)
    • 1696 – John III Sobieski, Polish king (b. 1629)
    • 1719 – Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician (b. 1672)
    • 1734 – Claude Louis Hector de Villars, French general and politician, French Secretary of State for War (b. 1653)
    • 1740 – Sir William Wyndham, 3rd Baronet, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1687)
    • 1762 – Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon, French poet and playwright (b. 1674)
    • 1771 – Daskalogiannis, Greek rebel leader (b. 1722)
    • 1775 – John Pitcairn, Scottish-English soldier (b. 1722)
    • 1797 – Mohammad Khan Qajar, Persian tribal chief (b. 1742)
    • 1813 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, Scottish-English admiral and politician (b. 1726)
    • 1821 – Martín Miguel de Güemes, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1785)
    • 1839 – Lord William Bentinck, English general and politician, 14th Governor-General of India (b. 1774)
    • 1866 – Joseph Méry, French poet and author (b. 1798)
    • 1889 – Lozen, Chiracaua Apache warrior woman (b. ~1840)
    • 1898 – Edward Burne-Jones, English soldier and painter (b. 1833)
    • 1904 – Nikolay Bobrikov, Russian soldier and politician, Governor-General of Finland (b. 1839)
    • 1936 – Julius Seljamaa, Estonian journalist, politician, and diplomat, Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883)
    • 1939 – Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1893)
    • 1939 – Eugen Weidmann, German criminal (b. 1908)
    • 1940 – Arthur Harden, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
    • 1941 – Johan Wagenaar, Dutch organist and composer (b. 1862)
    • 1942 – Charles Fitzpatrick, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1853)
    • 1952 – Jack Parsons, American chemist and engineer (b. 1914)
    • 1954 – Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and bandleader (b. 1920)
    • 1956 – Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry, English businessman (b. 1878)
    • 1956 – Paul Rostock, German surgeon and academic (b. 1892)
    • 1956 – Bob Sweikert, American race car driver (b. 1926)
    • 1957 – Dorothy Richardson, English journalist and author (b. 1873)
    • 1957 – J. R. Williams, Canadian-American cartoonist (b. 1888)
    • 1961 – Jeff Chandler, American actor (b. 1918)
    • 1963 – Aleksander Kesküla, Estonian politician (b. 1882)
    • 1968 – José Nasazzi, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1901)
    • 1974 – Refik Koraltan, Turkish lawyer and politician, 8th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (b. 1889)
    • 1975 – James Phinney Baxter III, American historian and academic (b. 1893)
    • 1979 – Hubert Ashton, English cricketer and politician (b. 1898)
    • 1979 – Duffy Lewis, American baseball player and manager (b. 1888)
    • 1981 – Richard O’Connor, Indian-English general (b. 1889)
    • 1981 – Zerna Sharp, American author and educator (b. 1889)
    • 1982 – Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (b. 1920)
    • 1983 – Peter Mennin, American composer and educator (b. 1923)
    • 1985 – John Boulting, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1913)
    • 1986 – Kate Smith, American singer (b. 1907)
    • 1987 – Dick Howser, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1936)
    • 1996 – Thomas Kuhn, American historian and philosopher (b. 1922)
    • 1996 – Curt Swan, American illustrator (b. 1920)
    • 1999 – Basil Hume, English cardinal (b. 1923)
    • 2000 – Ismail Mahomed, South African lawyer and jurist, 17th Chief Justice of South Africa (b. 1931)
    • 2001 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1919)
    • 2001 – Thomas Winning, Scottish cardinal (b. 1925)
    • 2002 – Willie Davenport, American sprinter and hurdler (b. 1943)
    • 2002 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (b. 1920)
    • 2004 – Gerry McNeil, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926)
    • 2006 – Bussunda, Brazilian comedian (b. 1962)
    • 2007 – Gianfranco Ferré, Italian fashion designer (b. 1944)
    • 2007 – Serena Wilson, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1933)
    • 2008 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (b. 1922)
    • 2009 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German-English sociologist and politician (b. 1929)
    • 2009 – Darrell Powers, American sergeant (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Rex Mossop, Australian rugby player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Stéphane Brosse, French mountaineer (b. 1971)
    • 2012 – Patricia Brown, American baseball player (b. 1931)
    • 2012 – Nathan Divinsky, Canadian mathematician and chess player (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Rodney King, American victim of police brutality (b. 1965)
    • 2012 – Fauzia Wahab, Pakistani actress and politician (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Michael Baigent, New Zealand-English theorist and author (b. 1948)
    • 2013 – Atiqul Haque Chowdhury, Bangladeshi playwright and producer (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Pierre F. Côté, Canadian lawyer and civil servant (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Bulbs Ehlers, American basketball player (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – James Holshouser, American politician, 68th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Patsy Byrne, English actress (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Éric Dewailly, Canadian epidemiologist and academic (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Stanley Marsh 3, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Arnold S. Relman, American physician and academic (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Larry Zeidel, Canadian-American ice hockey player and sportscaster (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Ron Clarke, Australian runner and politician, Mayor of the Gold Coast (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – John David Crow, American football player and coach (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – Süleyman Demirel, Turkish engineer and politician, 9th President of Turkey (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Roberto M. Levingston, Argentinian general and politician, 36th President of Argentina (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Clementa C. Pinckney, American minister and politician (b. 1973)
    • 2017 – Baldwin Lonsdale, president of Vanuatu (b. 1948)

    Holidays and observances on June 17

    • Christian feast day:
      • Albert Chmielowski
      • Botolph (England and Scandinavia)
      • Gondulphus of Berry
      • Hervé
      • Hypatius of Bithynia (Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches)
      • Rainerius
      • Samuel and Henrietta Barnett (Church of England)
      • June 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Father’s Day (El Salvador, Guatemala)
    • Icelandic National Day, celebrates the independence of Iceland from Kingdom of Denmark in 1944.
    • Occupation of the Latvian Republic Day (Latvia)
    • Remembrance to East German uprising of 1953, public holiday in West Germany between 1954 and 1990 (today German Unity Day) is the public holiday day)
    • World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought (International)
    • Zemla Intifada Day (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic)

  • March 28 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate.
    • 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Didius Julianus.
    • 364 – Roman Emperor Valentinian I appoints his brother Flavius Valens co-emperor.
    • 1566 – The foundation stone of Valletta, Malta’s capital city, is laid by Jean Parisot de Valette, Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
    • 1737 – The Marathas under Baji Rao I attack and defeat the Mughals in the Battle of Delhi.
    • 1776 – Juan Bautista de Anza finds the site for the Presidio of San Francisco.
    • 1794 – Allies under Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld defeat French forces at Le Cateau.
    • 1795 – Partitions of Poland: The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, a northern fief of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, ceases to exist and becomes part of Imperial Russia.
    • 1801 – Treaty of Florence is signed, ending the war between the French Republic and the Kingdom of Naples.
    • 1802 – Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers discovers 2 Pallas, the second asteroid ever to be discovered.
    • 1809 – Peninsular War: France defeats Spain in the Battle of Medellín.
    • 1814 – War of 1812: In the Battle of Valparaíso, two American naval vessels are captured by two Royal Navy vessels of equal strength.
    • 1842 – First concert of the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by Otto Nicolai.
    • 1854 – Crimean War: France and Britain declare war on Russia.
    • 1860 – First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka begins.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: In the Battle of Glorieta Pass, Union forces stop the Confederate invasion of the New Mexico Territory. The battle began on March 26.
    • 1871 – The Paris Commune is formally established in Paris.
    • 1883 – Tonkin Campaign: French victory in the Battle of Gia Cuc.
    • 1910 – Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane, the Fabre Hydravion, after taking off from a water runway near Martigues, France.
    • 1920 – Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1920 affects the Great Lakes region and Deep South states.
    • 1933 – The Imperial Airways biplane City of Liverpool is believed to be the first airliner lost to sabotage when a passenger sets a fire on board.
    • 1939 – Spanish Civil War: Generalissimo Francisco Franco conquers Madrid after a three-year siege.
    • 1941 – World War II: Britain’s Mediterranean Fleet sinks three heavy cruisers and two destroyers of Italy’s Regia Marina.
    • 1942 – World War II: A British combined force permanently disables the Louis Joubert Lock in Saint-Nazaire in order to keep the German battleship Tirpitz away from the mid-ocean convoy lanes.
    • 1946 – Cold War: The United States Department of State releases the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power.
    • 1951 – First Indochina War: In the Battle of Mạo Khê, French Union forces, led by World War II hero Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, inflict a defeat on Việt Minh forces commanded by General Võ Nguyên Giáp.
    • 1959 – The State Council of the People’s Republic of China dissolves the government of Tibet.
    • 1968 – Brazilian high school student Edson Luís de Lima Souto is killed by military police at a protest for cheaper meals at a restaurant for low-income students.
    • 1969 – Greek poet and Nobel Prize laureate Giorgos Seferis makes a famous statement on the BBC World Service opposing the junta in Greece.
    • 1970 – An earthquake strikes western Turkey at about 23:05 local time, killing 1,086 and injuring 1,260.
    • 1978 – The US Supreme Court hands down 5–3 decision in Stump v. Sparkman, a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.
    • 1979 – A coolant leak at the Three Mile Island’s Unit 2 nuclear reactor outside Harrisburg, Pennsylvania leads to the core overheating and a partial meltdown.
    • 1979 – The British House of Commons passes a vote of no confidence against James Callaghan’s government by 1 vote, precipitating a general election.
    • 1990 – United States President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards Jesse Owens the Congressional Gold Medal.
    • 1994 – In South Africa, African National Congress security guards kill dozens of Inkatha Freedom Party protesters.
    • 1999 – Kosovo War: Serb paramilitary and military forces kill 146 Kosovo Albanians in Izbica.
    • 2003 – In a friendly fire incident, two American A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft attack British tanks participating in the 2003 invasion of Iraq, killing one soldier.
    • 2005 – An earthquake shakes northern Sumatra with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong), leaving 915–1,314 people dead and 340–1,146 injured.
    • 2006 – Massive protests are mounted against France’s First Employment Contract law, meant to reduce youth unemployment.

    Births of March 28

    • 931 – Liu Chengyou, emperor of Later Han (d. 951)
    • 1097 – Atsiz, Abbasid caliph (d. 1156)
    • 1416 – Jodha of Mandore, Ruler of Marwar (d. 1489)
    • 1468 – Charles I, Duke of Savoy (d. 1490)
    • 1472 – Fra Bartolomeo, Italian painter (d. 1517)
    • 1483 – Raphael, Italian painter and architect (d. 1520)
    • 1515 – Teresa of Ávila, Spanish nun and saint (d. 1582)
    • 1522 – Albert the Warlike, German prince (d. 1557)
    • 1527 – Isabella Markham, English courtier (d. 1579)
    • 1591 – William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, English earl (d. 1668)
    • 1592 – John Amos Comenius, Czech bishop and educator (d. 1670)
    • 1599 – Witte de With, Dutch captain (d. 1658)
    • 1613 – Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang of China (d. 1688)
    • 1621 – Heinrich Schwemmer, German composer and educator (d. 1696)
    • 1638 – Frederik Ruysch, Dutch botanist and anatomist (d. 1731)
    • 1652 – Samuel Sewall, English judge (d. 1730)
    • 1725 – Andrew Kippis, English minister and author (d. 1795)
    • 1727 – Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria, (d. 1777)
    • 1743 – Yekaterina Vorontsova-Dashkova, Russian academic and politician (d. 1810)
    • 1750 – Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan general and politician, President of Venezuela (d. 1816)
    • 1760 – Thomas Clarkson, English activist (d. 1846)
    • 1773 – Henri Gatien Bertrand, French general (d. 1844)
    • 1793 – Henry Schoolcraft, American geographer, geologist, and ethnologist (d. 1864)
    • 1795 – Georg Heinrich Pertz, German historian and author (d. 1876)
    • 1806 – Thomas Hare, English lawyer and political scientist (d. 1891)
    • 1811 – John Neumann, Czech-American bishop and saint (d. 1860)
    • 1815 – Arsène Houssaye, French author and poet (d. 1896)
    • 1818 – Wade Hampton III, American general and politician, 77th Governor of South Carolina (d. 1902)
    • 1819 – Joseph Bazalgette, English architect and engineer, designed the Hammersmith Bridge and Battersea Bridge (d. 1891)
    • 1828 – Melchior Anderegg, Swiss mountain guide (d. 1914)
    • 1832 – Henry D. Washburn, American politician, general and explorer (d. 1871)
    • 1836 – Frederick Pabst, German-American brewer, founded the Pabst Brewing Company (d. 1904)
    • 1840 – Emin Pasha, German-Jewish Egyptian physician and politician (d. 1892)
    • 1847 – Gyula Farkas, Hungarian mathematician and physicist (d. 1930)
    • 1849 – James Darmesteter, French historian and author (d. 1894)
    • 1850 – Kyrle Bellew, English theatre actor (d. 1911)
    • 1851 – Bernardino Machado, Portuguese academic and politician, 3rd President of Portugal (d. 1944)
    • 1862 – Aristide Briand, French politician, Prime Minister of France, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1932)
    • 1866 – Jimmy Ross, Scottish footballer (d. 1902)
    • 1868 – Maxim Gorky, Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Willem Mengelberg, Dutch-Swiss conductor (d. 1951)
    • 1873 – John Geiger, American rower (d. 1956)
    • 1878 – Abraham Walkowitz, Russian-American painter (d. 1965)
    • 1879 – Terence MacSwiney, Irish republican politician and hunger striker; Lord Mayor of Cork (d. 1920)
    • 1881 – Martin Sheridan, Irish-American discus thrower and jumper (d. 1918)
    • 1884 – Angelos Sikelianos, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1951)
    • 1886 – Gustave Mesny, French general (d. 1945)
    • 1890 – Paul Whiteman, American violinist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1967)
    • 1892 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
    • 1892 – Tom Maguire, Irish general (d. 1993)
    • 1893 – Spyros Skouras, Greek-American businessman (d. 1971)
    • 1894 – Ernst Lindemann, German captain (d. 1941)
    • 1895 – Ángela Ruiz Robles, Spanish teacher, writer and inventor, pioneer of the electronic book (d. 1975)
    • 1895 – Christian Herter, American politician, 53rd United States Secretary of State (d. 1966)
    • 1895 – Donald Grey Barnhouse, American pastor and theologian (d. 1960)
    • 1895 – Spencer W. Kimball, American religious leader, 12th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1985)
    • 1897 – Sepp Herberger, German footballer and manager (d. 1977)
    • 1897 – Tillie Voss, American football player (d. 1975)
    • 1899 – Gussie Busch, American businessman (d. 1989)
    • 1899 – Harold B. Lee, American religious leader, 11th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1973)
    • 1899 – Buck Shaw, American football player and coach (d. 1977)
    • 1900 – Edward Wagenknecht, American critic and educator (d. 2004)
    • 1902 – Flora Robson, English actress (d. 1984)
    • 1902 – Jaromír Vejvoda, Czech fiddler and composer (d. 1988)
    • 1903 – Rudolf Serkin, Czech-American pianist and educator (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – Isabel Cuchí Coll, Puerto Rican author and journalist (d. 1993)
    • 1905 – Pandro S. Berman, American production manager and producer (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Marlin Perkins, American zoologist and television host (d. 1986)
    • 1906 – Murray Adaskin, Canadian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2002)
    • 1906 – Robert Allen, American actor (d. 1998)
    • 1906 – Dorothy Knowles, South African-English author, fencer and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1907 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun (d. 2005)
    • 1907 – Norrey Ford, English author (d. 1985)
    • 1907 – Irving Paul Lazar, American lawyer and talent agent (d. 1993)
    • 1909 – Nelson Algren, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1981)
    • 1910 – Frederick Baldwin Adams, Jr., American librarian and art collector (d. 2001)
    • 1910 – Jimmie Dodd, American actor and singer-songwriter (d. 1964)
    • 1910 – Ingrid of Sweden, (d. 2000)
    • 1911 – Consalvo Sanesi, Italian race car driver (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – A. Bertram Chandler, English-Australian author (d. 1984)
    • 1912 – Marina Raskova, Russian pilot and navigator (d. 1943)
    • 1913 – Kazuo Taoka, Japanese crime boss (d. 1981)
    • 1913 – Toko Shinoda, Japanese artist
    • 1914 – Edward Anhalt, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2000)
    • 1914 – Bohumil Hrabal, Czech author (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Kenneth Richard Norris, Australian entomologist and academic (d. 2003)
    • 1914 – Edmund Muskie, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 58th United States Secretary of State (d. 1996)
    • 1914 – Everett Ruess, American explorer, poet, and painter (d. 1934)
    • 1915 – Jay Livingston, American singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1917 – Claude Bertrand, Canadian neurosurgeon and scholar (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Edward Amy, Canadian soldier (d. 2011)
    • 1919 – Jacob Avshalomov, American composer and conductor (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Tom Brooks, Australian cricket umpire (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Eileen Crofton, British physician and author (d. 2010)
    • 1919 – Vic Raschi, American baseball player and coach (d. 1988)
    • 1921 – Harold Agnew, American physicist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Dirk Bogarde, English actor and author (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Herschel Grynszpan, German assassin of Ernst vom Rath (d. 1960)
    • 1921 – Walter Neugebauer, Croatian-German author and illustrator (d. 1992)
    • 1922 – Neville Bonner, Australian politician (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Grace Hartigan, American painter and educator (d. 2008)
    • 1922 – Joey Maxim, American boxer and actor (d. 2001)
    • 1922 – B. Neminathan, Sri Lankan politician
    • 1923 – Paul C. Donnelly, American scientist and engineer (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Thad Jones, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1986)
    • 1924 – Freddie Bartholomew, American actor (d. 1992)
    • 1924 – Fred Flanagan, Australian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Innokenty Smoktunovsky, Russian actor (d. 1994)
    • 1925 – Dorothy DeBorba, American child actress (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Polly Umrigar, Indian cricketer (d. 2006)
    • 1927 – Theo Colborn, American zoologist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Marianne Fredriksson, Swedish journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Vina Mazumdar, Indian academic and activist (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Zbigniew Brzezinski, Polish-American political activist and analyst; 10th United States National Security Advisor (d. 2017)
    • 1928 – Alexander Grothendieck, German-French mathematician and theorist (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Paul England, Australian race car driver and engineer (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Robert Ashley, American soldier and composer (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Jerome Isaac Friedman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1930 – Elizabeth Bainbridge, English soprano
    • 1933 – Tete Montoliu, Spanish pianist (d. 1997)
    • 1933 – Frank Murkowski, American soldier, banker, and politician, 8th Governor of Alaska
    • 1934 – Lester R. Brown, American environmentalist, founded the Earth Policy Institute and Worldwatch Institute
    • 1934 – Laurie Taitt, Guyanese-English hurdler (d. 2006)
    • 1935 – Frank Judd, Baron Judd, English politician, Secretary of State for International Development
    • 1935 – Michael Parkinson, English journalist and author
    • 1935 – Józef Szmidt, Polish triple jumper
    • 1936 – Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian novelist, playwright, and essayist Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1938 – Hans-Jürgen Bäsler, German footballer (d. 2002)
    • 1939 – Dov Frohman, Israeli electrical engineer and business executive
    • 1940 – Tony Barber, English-Australian television host
    • 1940 – Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Daniel Dennett, American philosopher and academic
    • 1942 – Kitanofuji Katsuaki, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 52nd Yokozuna
    • 1942 – Neil Kinnock, Welsh politician, Vice-President of the European Commission
    • 1942 – Mike Newell, English director and producer
    • 1942 – Samuel Ramey, American opera singer
    • 1942 – Conrad Schumann, East German border guard (d. 1998)
    • 1942 – Jerry Sloan, American basketball player and coach
    • 1943 – Richard Eyre, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Conchata Ferrell, American actress
    • 1944 – Rick Barry, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1944 – Ken Howard, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1945 – Rodrigo Duterte, Filipino politician, 16th President of the Philippines
    • 1945 – Johnny Famechon, French-Australian boxer
    • 1945 – Björn Hamilton, Swedish engineer and politician
    • 1946 – Wubbo Ockels, Dutch physicist and astronaut (d. 2014)
    • 1946 – Henry Paulson, American banker and politician, 74th United States Secretary of the Treasury
    • 1946 – Alejandro Toledo, Peruvian economist and politician, 48th President of Peru
    • 1947 – Greg Thompson, Canadian educator and politician, 25th Minister of Veterans Affairs (d. 2019)
    • 1948 – John Evan, English keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1948 – Janice Lynde, American actress
    • 1948 – Dianne Wiest, American actress
    • 1948 – Milan Williams, American keyboard player (d. 2006)
    • 1949 – Ronnie Ray Smith, American sprinter (d. 2013)
    • 1952 – Keith Ashfield, Canadian politician (d. 2018)
    • 1952 – Tony Brise, English race car driver (d. 1975)
    • 1953 – Melchior Ndadaye, Burundian banker and politician, 4th President of Burundi (d. 1993)
    • 1953 – Rosemary Ashe, British actress and singer
    • 1954 – Donald Brown, American pianist and educator
    • 1955 – John Alderdice, Baron Alderdice, Northern Irish psychiatrist and politician, 1st Speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly
    • 1955 – Reba McEntire, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1956 – Susan Ershler, American mountaineer and author
    • 1957 – Harvey Glance, American sprinter and coach
    • 1958 – Edesio Alejandro, Cuban composer
    • 1958 – Elisabeth Andreassen, Swedish-Norwegian singer
    • 1958 – Bart Conner, American gymnast and sportscaster
    • 1958 – Curt Hennig, American wrestler, manager, and sportscaster (d. 2003)
    • 1959 – Laura Chinchilla, Costa Rican politician, President of Costa Rica
    • 1959 – Chiaki Morosawa, Japanese anime screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1959 – Chris Myers, American journalist and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Chris Barrie, British actor and comedian
    • 1960 – José Maria Neves, Cape Verdeian politician, Prime Minister of Cape Verde
    • 1960 – Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt, French-Belgian author and playwright
    • 1961 – Byron Scott, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Jure Franko, Slovenian skier
    • 1962 – Simon Bazalgette, English businessman
    • 1963 – Jan Masiel, Polish politician
    • 1964 – Karen Lumley, English politician
    • 1966 – Cheryl James, American rapper and actress
    • 1967 – John Ziegler, German-American radio host and director
    • 1968 – Iris Chang, Chinese-American journalist and author (d. 2004)
    • 1968 – Nasser Hussain, Indian-English cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Colin Brazier, English journalist
    • 1969 – Rodney Atkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1969 – Brett Ratner, American director and producer
    • 1970 – Vince Vaughn, American actor
    • 1970 – Jennifer Weiner, American journalist and author
    • 1971 – Christianne Meneses Jacobs, Nicaraguan-American journalist and educator
    • 1971 – Orfeh, American singer, songwriter and actress
    • 1972 – Nick Frost, English actor and screenwriter
    • 1972 – Keith Tkachuk, American ice hockey player
    • 1973 – Björn Kuipers, Dutch footballer and referee
    • 1975 – Fabrizio Gollin, Italian race car driver
    • 1975 – Kate Gosselin, American television personality
    • 1975 – Iván Helguera, Spanish footballer
    • 1975 – Shanna Moakler, American model
    • 1976 – Dave Keuning, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1977 – Lauren Weisberger, American author
    • 1978 – Nathan Cayless, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1979 – Shakib Khan, Bangladeshi film actor, producer, singer and media personality
    • 1980 – Cho Seung-woo, South Korean actor
    • 1980 – David Lee, English footballer
    • 1980 – Rasmus Seebach, Danish singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1980 – Luke Walton, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Lindsay Frimodt, American fashion model
    • 1981 – Edwar Ramírez, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Julia Stiles, American actress
    • 1983 – Ladji Doucouré, French sprinter and hurdler
    • 1984 – Shakib Khan, Bangladeshi actor
    • 1984 – Christopher Samba, Congolese footballer
    • 1984 – Nikki Sanderson, English actress
    • 1985 – Stefano Ferrario, Italian footballer
    • 1985 – Sauli Koskinen, Finnish TV host and entertainer
    • 1985 – Steve Mandanda, French footballer
    • 1985 – Stanislas Wawrinka, Swiss tennis player
    • 1986 – Bowe Bergdahl, American sergeant
    • 1986 – Lady Gaga, American singer-songwriter, dancer, producer, and actress
    • 1986 – J-Kwon, American rapper
    • 1986 – Amaia Salamanca, Spanish actress
    • 1986 – Barbora Strýcová, Czech tennis player
    • 1987 – Jean-Paul Adela, Seychellois footballer
    • 1987 – Yohan Benalouane, French-Tunisian footballer
    • 1987 – Simeon Jackson, Canadian soccer player
    • 1987 – Kagney Linn Karter, American pornographic actress
    • 1987 – Yotam Solomon, Israeli/American fashion designer
    • 1987 – Mary Kate Wiles, American actress
    • 1988 – Ryan Kalish, American baseball player
    • 1988 – Lacey Turner, English actress
    • 1989 – Afrikan Boy, English rapper
    • 1989 – David Goodwillie, Scottish footballer
    • 1989 – Lukas Jutkiewicz, English footballer
    • 1989 – Mira Leung, Canadian figure skater
    • 1989 – Marek Suchý, Czech footballer
    • 1990 – Zac Clarke, Australian footballer
    • 1990 – Zoella (Zoe Sugg), English Youtuber
    • 1991 – Amy Bruckner, American actress
    • 1991 – Lisa-Maria Moser, Austrian tennis player
    • 1991 – Marie-Philip Poulin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1991 – Ondřej Palát, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Sergi Gómez, Spanish footballer
    • 1992 – Lucho Ayala, Filipino actor
    • 1994 – Jackson Wang, Hong Kong rapper
    • 1995 – Jonathan Drouin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1996 – Matt Renshaw, English-Australian cricketer
    • 2004 – Anna Shcherbakova, Russian figure skater (two-time Russian National Champion – ’19 & ’20)

    Deaths of March 28

    • 193 – Pertinax, Roman emperor (b. 126)
    • 741 – Hatsusebe, Japanese princess
    • 965 – Arnulf I, count of Flanders
    • 966 – Flodoard, Frankish canon and chronicler
    • 1072 – Ordulf, Duke of Saxony (b. 1022)
    • 1134 – Saint Stephen Harding, founder of the Cistercian order
    • 1239 – Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (b. 1180)
    • 1241 – Valdemar II of Denmark (b. 1170)
    • 1254 – William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (b. 1193)
    • 1285 – Pope Martin IV (b. 1220)
    • 1346 – Venturino of Bergamo, Dominican preacher (b. 1304)
    • 1461 – John Clifford, 9th Baron de Clifford (b. 1435)
    • 1563 – Heinrich Glarean, Swiss poet and theorist (b. 1488)
    • 1566 – Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian historian and diplomat (b. 1486)
    • 1583 – Magnus, Duke of Holstein (b. 1540)
    • 1584 – Ivan the Terrible, Russian king (b. 1530)
    • 1687 – Constantijn Huygens, Dutch poet and composer (b. 1596)
    • 1794 – Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1743)
    • 1818 – Antonio Capuzzi, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1755)
    • 1865 – Petrus Hofman Peerlkamp, Dutch scholar and critic (b. 1786)
    • 1866 – Solomon Foot, American lawyer and politician (b. 1802)
    • 1868 – James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, English lieutenant and politician (b. 1797)
    • 1870 – George Henry Thomas, American general (b. 1816)
    • 1874 – Peter Andreas Hansen, Danish-German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1795)
    • 1881 – Modest Mussorgsky, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1839)
    • 1893 – Edmund Kirby Smith, American general (b. 1824)
    • 1900 – Piet Joubert, South African soldier and politician (b. 1831 or 1834)
    • 1910 – Édouard Colonne, French violinist and conductor (b. 1838)
    • 1917 – Albert Pinkham Ryder, American painter (b. 1847)
    • 1923 – Charles Hubbard, American archer (b. 1849)
    • 1927 – Joseph-Médard Émard, Canadian archbishop (b. 1853)
    • 1929 – Katharine Lee Bates, American poet and songwriter (b. 1859)
    • 1929 – Lomer Gouin, Canadian lawyer and politician, 13th Premier of Quebec (b. 1861)
    • 1934 – Mahmoud Mokhtar, Egyptian sculptor and educator (b. 1891)
    • 1941 – Marcus Hurley, American basketball player and cyclist (b. 1883)
    • 1941 – Kavasji Jamshedji Petigara, Indian police officer (b. 1877)
    • 1941 – Virginia Woolf, English novelist, essayist, short story writer, and critic (b. 1882)
    • 1942 – Miguel Hernández, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1910)
    • 1943 – Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1873)
    • 1944 – Stephen Leacock, English-Canadian political scientist and author (b. 1869)
    • 1947 – Karol Świerczewski, Polish general (b. 1897)
    • 1949 – Grigoraș Dinicu, Romanian violinist and composer (b. 1889)
    • 1953 – Jim Thorpe, American football player and coach (b. 1887)
    • 1958 – W. C. Handy, American trumpet player and composer (b. 1873)
    • 1962 – Hugo Wast, Argentinian author and screenwriter (b. 1883)
    • 1963 – Antonius Bouwens, Dutch target shooter (b. 1876)
    • 1965 – Clemence Dane, English author and playwright (b. 1888)
    • 1965 – Jack Hoxie, American actor (b. 1885)
    • 1969 – Dwight D. Eisenhower, American general and politician, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)
    • 1971 – Robert Hunter, American golfer (b. 1886)
    • 1972 – Donie Bush, American baseball player, manager, and team owner (b. 1887)
    • 1974 – Arthur Crudup, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1905)
    • 1974 – Dorothy Fields, American songwriter (b. 1905)
    • 1974 – Françoise Rosay, French actress (b. 1891)
    • 1976 – Richard Arlen, American actor (b. 1898)
    • 1977 – Eric Shipton, Sri Lankan-English mountaineer and explorer (b. 1907)
    • 1980 – Dick Haymes, Argentinian-American actor and singer (b. 1918)
    • 1982 – William Giauque, Canadian chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895)
    • 1984 – Carmen Dragon, American conductor and composer (b. 1914)
    • 1985 – Marc Chagall, Russian-French painter and poet (b. 1887)
    • 1986 – Virginia Gilmore. American actress (b. 1919)
    • 1987 – Maria von Trapp, Austrian-American singer (b. 1905)
    • 1992 – Nikolaos Platon, Greek archaeologist and academic (b. 1909)
    • 1993 – Scott Cunningham, American author (b. 1956)
    • 1994 – Eugène Ionesco, Romanian-French playwright and critic (b. 1909)
    • 1996 – Shin Kanemaru, Japanese politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1914)
    • 1999 – Franco Gasparri, Italian actor (b. 1948)
    • 2000 – Anthony Powell, English soldier and author (b. 1905)
    • 2001 – Moe Koffman, Canadian flute player, saxophonist, and composer (b. 1928)
    • 2004 – Peter Ustinov, English-Swiss actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – Moura Lympany, English-Monacan pianist (b. 1916)
    • 2005 – Robin Spry, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)
    • 2006 – Pro Hart, Australian painter (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Vethathiri Maharishi, Indian philosopher and author (b. 1911)
    • 2006 – Charles Schepens, Belgian-American ophthalmologist and author (b. 1912)
    • 2006 – Caspar Weinberger, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1917)
    • 2009 – Maurice Jarre, French-American composer and conductor (b. 1924)
    • 2010 – June Havoc, American actress, dancer, and director (b. 1912)
    • 2011 – Wenche Foss, Norwegian actress (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – John Arden, English author and playwright (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Alexander Arutiunian, Armenian pianist and composer (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Harry Crews, American novelist, playwright, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1935)
    • 2012 – Addie L. Wyatt, African American labor leader (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – George E. P. Box, English-American statistician and educator (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Manuel García Ferré, Spanish-Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Richard Griffiths, English actor (b. 1947)
    • 2013 – Art Malone, American race car driver (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Hugh McCracken, American guitarist, harmonica player, and producer (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Heinz Patzig, German footballer and manager (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Bob Teague, American college football star and television news-reporter (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Gus Triandos, American baseball player and scout (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Robert Zildjian, American businessman, founded Sabian (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Jeremiah Denton, American admiral and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Lorenzo Semple, Jr., American screenwriter and producer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Avraham Yaski, Israeli architect and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Chuck Brayton, American baseball player and coach (b. 1925)
    • 2015 – Joseph Cassidy, Canadian-English priest and academic (b. 1954)
    • 2015 – Miroslav Ondříček, Czech cinematographer (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Gene Saks, American actor and director (b. 1921)
    • 2016 – James Noble, American actor (b. 1922)

    Holidays and observances on March 28

    • Christian feast day:
      • Stephen Harding
      • Guntram
      • Priscus
      • Pope Sixtus III
      • Tuotilo
      • March 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Commemoration of Sen no Rikyū (Schools of Japanese tea ceremony)
    • Serfs Emancipation Day (Tibet)
    • Teachers’ Day (Czech Republic and Slovakia)

  • March 20- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    Typically the March equinox falls on March 20, marking the vernal point in the Northern Hemisphere and the autumnal point in the Southern Hemisphere.

    • 235 – Maximinus Thrax is proclaimed emperor.
    • 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka.
    • 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
    • 1600 – The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish noblemen are publicly beheaded in the aftermath of the War against Sigismund (1598–1599).
    • 1602 – The Dutch East India Company is established.
    • 1616 – Sir Walter Raleigh is freed from the Tower of London after 13 years of imprisonment.
    • 1760 – The Great Boston Fire of 1760 destroys 349 buildings.
    • 1815 – After escaping from Elba, Napoleon enters Paris with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000, beginning his “Hundred Days” rule.
    • 1848 – German revolutions of 1848–49: King Ludwig I of Bavaria abdicates.
    • 1852 – Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is published.
    • 1854 – The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin, US.
    • 1861 – An earthquake destroys Mendoza, Argentina.
    • 1883 – The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.
    • 1888 – The premiere of the very first Romani language operetta is staged in Moscow, Russia.
    • 1890 – Prime Minister of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck is dismissed by Emperor Wilhelm II.
    • 1896 – With the approval of Emperor Guangxu, the Qing dynasty post office is opened, marking the beginning of a postal service in China.
    • 1913 – Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese Nationalist Party, is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days later.
    • 1915 – Albert Einstein publishes his general theory of relativity.
    • 1921 – The Upper Silesia plebiscite was a plebiscite mandated by the Versailles Treaty to determine a section of the border between Weimar Germany and Poland.
    • 1922 – The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier.
    • 1923 – The Arts Club of Chicago hosts the opening of Pablo Picasso’s first United States showing, entitled Original Drawings by Pablo Picasso, becoming an early proponent of modern art in the United States.
    • 1933 – Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler ordered the creation of Dachau concentration camp as Chief of Police of Munich and appointed Theodor Eicke as the camp commandant.
    • 1942 – World War II: General Douglas MacArthur, at Terowie, South Australia, makes his famous speech regarding the fall of the Philippines, in which he says: “I came out of Bataan and I shall return”.
    • 1948 – With a Musicians Union ban lifted, the first telecasts of classical music in the United States, under Eugene Ormandy and Arturo Toscanini, are given on CBS and NBC.
    • 1951 – Fujiyoshida, a city located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, in the center of the Japanese main island of Honshū is founded.
    • 1952 – The US Senate ratifies the Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan.
    • 1956 – Tunisia gains independence from France.
    • 1964 – The precursor of the European Space Agency, ESRO (European Space Research Organisation) is established per an agreement signed on June 14, 1962.
    • 1972 – The Troubles: The first Provisional IRA car bombing in Belfast kills seven people and injures 148 others in Northern Ireland.
    • 1985 – Libby Riddles becomes the first woman to win the 1,135-mile Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race.
    • 1985 – Canadian paraplegic athlete and humanitarian Rick Hansen begins his circumnavigation of the globe in a wheelchair in the name of spinal cord injury medical research.
    • 1987 – The Food and Drug Administration approves the anti-AIDS drug, AZT.
    • 1988 – Eritrean War of Independence: Having defeated the Nadew Command, the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front enters the town of Afabet, victoriously concluding the Battle of Afabet.
    • 1990 – Ferdinand Marcos’s widow, Imelda Marcos, goes on trial for bribery, embezzlement, and racketeering.
    • 1993 – The Troubles: A Provisional IRA bomb kills two children in Warrington, England. It leads to mass protests in both Britain and Ireland.
    • 1995 – The Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo carries out a sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, killing 13 and wounding over 6,200 people.
    • 1999 – Legoland California, the first Legoland outside of Europe, opens in Carlsbad, California, US.
    • 2000 – Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin, a former Black Panther once known as H. Rap Brown, is captured after murdering Georgia sheriff’s deputy Ricky Kinchen and critically wounding Deputy Aldranon English.
    • 2003 – Invasion of Iraq: In the early hours of the morning, the United States and three other countries (the UK, Australia and Poland) begin military operations in Iraq.
    • 2006 – Over 150 Chadian soldiers are killed in eastern Chad by members of the rebel UFDC. The rebel movement sought to overthrow Chadian president Idriss Déby.
    • 2012 – At least 52 people are killed and more than 250 injured in a wave of terror attacks across ten cities in Iraq.
    • 2014 – Four suspected Taliban members attack the Kabul Serena Hotel, killing at least nine people.
    • 2015 – A Solar eclipse, equinox, and a supermoon all occur on the same day.

    Births on March 20

    • 43 BC – Ovid, Roman poet (d. 17)
    • 1253 – Magadu, renamed Wareru, founder of Ramanya Kingdom, renamed Hanthawady Kingdom of Pegu (b. a commoner; d. on a Saturday in January 1307)
    • 1319 – Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke (d. 1348)
    • 1469 – Cecily of York (d. 1507)
    • 1477 – Jerome Emser, German theologian and scholar (d. 1527)
    • 1479 – Ippolito d’Este, Italian cardinal (d. 1520)
    • 1502 – Pierino Belli, Italian soldier and jurist (d. 1575)
    • 1532 – Juan de Ribera, Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 1611)
    • 1612 – Anne Bradstreet, Puritan American poet (d. 1672)
    • 1615 – Dara Shikoh, Indian prince (d. 1659)
    • 1639 – Ivan Mazepa, Ukrainian diplomat, Hetman of Ukraine (d. 1709)
    • 1725 – Abdul Hamid I, Ottoman sultan (d. 1789)
    • 1737 – Rama I, Thai king (d. 1809)
    • 1771 – Heinrich Clauren, German author (d. 1854)
    • 1796 – Edward Gibbon Wakefield, English politician (d. 1862)
    • 1799 – Karl August Nicander, Swedish poet and author (d. 1839)
    • 1800 – Braulio Carrillo Colina, Costa Rican lawyer and politician, President of Costa Rica (d. 1845)
    • 1805 – Thomas Cooper, British poet (d. 1892)
    • 1811 – Napoleon II, French emperor (d. 1832)
    • 1811 – George Caleb Bingham, American painter and politician, State Treasurer of Missouri (d. 1879)
    • 1821 – Ned Buntline, American journalist, author, and publisher (d. 1886)
    • 1824 – Theodor von Heuglin, German explorer and ornithologist (d. 1876)
    • 1828 – Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian poet, playwright, and director (d. 1906)
    • 1831 – Patrick Jennings, Northern Irish-Australian politician, 11th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1897)
    • 1831 – Solomon L. Spink, American lawyer and politician (d. 1881)
    • 1834 – Charles William Eliot, American mathematician and academic (d. 1926)
    • 1836 – Ferris Jacobs, Jr., American general, lawyer, and politician (d. 1886)
    • 1836 – Edward Poynter, English painter, illustrator, and curator (d. 1919)
    • 1840 – Illarion Pryanishnikov, Russian painter (d. 1894)
    • 1851 – Ismail Gasprinski, Ukrainian educator, publisher, and politician (d. 1914)
    • 1856 – John Lavery, Irish painter (d. 1941)
    • 1856 – Frederick Winslow Taylor, American tennis player and engineer (d. 1915)
    • 1870 – Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (d. 1964)
    • 1874 – Börries von Münchhausen, German poet and activist (d. 1945)
    • 1876 – Payne Whitney, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1927)
    • 1879 – Maud Menten, Canadian physician and biochemist (d. 1960)
    • 1882 – René Coty, French lawyer and politician, 17th President of France (d. 1962)
    • 1882 – Harold Weber, American golfer (d. 1933)
    • 1884 – Philipp Frank, Austrian-American physicist, mathematician, and philosopher (d. 1966)
    • 1884 – John Jensen, Australian public servant (d. 1970)
    • 1885 – Vernon Ransford, Australian cricketer (d. 1958)
    • 1888 – Amanda Clement, American baseball player, umpire, and educator (d. 1971)
    • 1890 – Lauritz Melchior, Danish-American tenor and actor (d. 1973)
    • 1894 – Amalie Sara Colquhoun, Australian landscape and portrait painter (d. 1974)
    • 1895 – Fredric Wertham, German-American psychologist and author (d. 1981)
    • 1898 – Eduard Wiiralt, Estonian artist (d. 1954)
    • 1900 – Amelia Chopitea Villa, Bolivia’s first female physician (d. 1942)
    • 1903 – Edgar Buchanan, American actor (d. 1979)
    • 1904 – B. F. Skinner, American psychologist and author (d. 1990)
    • 1905 – Jean Galia, French rugby player and boxer (d. 1949)
    • 1906 – Abraham Beame, American accountant and politician, 104th Mayor of New York City (d. 2001)
    • 1906 – Ozzie Nelson, American actor and bandleader (d. 1975)
    • 1907 – Hugh MacLennan, Canadian author and educator (d. 1990)
    • 1908 – Michael Redgrave, English actor and director (d. 1985)
    • 1910 – Erwin Blask, German hammer thrower (d. 1999)
    • 1911 – Alfonso García Robles, Mexican lawyer and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
    • 1912 – Ralph Hauenstein, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2016)
    • 1913 – Nikolai Stepulov, Russian-Estonian boxer (d. 1968)
    • 1914 – Wendell Corey, American actor and politician (d. 1968)
    • 1915 – Rudolf Kirchschläger, Austrian judge and politician, 8th President of Austria (d. 2000)
    • 1915 – Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian pianist and composer (d. 1997)
    • 1915 – Sister Rosetta Tharpe, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1973)
    • 1916 – Pierre Messmer, French lieutenant and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 2007)
    • 1917 – Vera Lynn, English singer, songwriter and actress (d. 2020)
    • 1917 – Yigael Yadin, Israeli archaeologist, general, and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1984)
    • 1918 – Jack Barry, American game show host and producer, co-founded Barry & Enright Productions (d. 1984)
    • 1918 – Donald Featherstone, English soldier and author (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Marian McPartland, English-American pianist and composer (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Bernd Alois Zimmermann, German composer (d. 1970)
    • 1919 – Gerhard Barkhorn, German fighter ace (d. 1983)
    • 1920 – Pamela Harriman, English-American diplomat, 58th United States Ambassador to France (d. 1997)
    • 1920 – Rosemary Timperley, English author and screenwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1921 – Usmar Ismail, Indonesian filmmaker (d. 1971)
    • 1921 – Dušan Pirjevec, Slovenian historian and philosopher (d. 1977)
    • 1921 – Alfréd Rényi, Hungarian mathematician and theorist (d. 1970)
    • 1922 – Larry Elgart, American saxophonist and bandleader (d. 2017)
    • 1922 – Ray Goulding, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1990)
    • 1922 – Carl Reiner, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2020)
    • 1923 – Con Martin, Irish footballer and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Shaukat Siddiqui, Pakistani journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
    • 1925 – John Ehrlichman, American lawyer, 12th White House Counsel (d. 1999)
    • 1927 – John Joubert, South African-English composer and academic (d. 2019)
    • 1928 – Jerome Biffle, American long jumper and coach (d. 2002)
    • 1928 – James P. Gordon, American physicist and engineer (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Fred Rogers, American television host and producer (d. 2003)
    • 1929 – William Andrew MacKay, Canadian lawyer and judge (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Germán Robles, Spanish-Mexican actor and director (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – S. Arasaratnam, Sri Lankan historian, author, and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1931 – Hal Linden, American actor, singer, and director
    • 1931 – Rein Raamat, Estonian director and screenwriter
    • 1933 – Lateef Adegbite, Nigerian lawyer and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1933 – George Altman, American baseball player
    • 1933 – Ian Walsh, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Willie Brown, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 41st Mayor of San Francisco
    • 1934 – David Malouf, Australian author and playwright
    • 1935 – Ted Bessell, American actor and director (d. 1996)
    • 1935 – Bettye Washington Greene, American chemist (d. 1995)
    • 1936 – Lee “Scratch” Perry, Jamaican singer, songwriter, music producer, and inventor
    • 1936 – Mark Saville, Baron Saville of Newdigate, English lieutenant, lawyer, and judge
    • 1937 – Lois Lowry, American author
    • 1937 – Jerry Reed, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1938 – Sergei Novikov, Russian mathematician and academic
    • 1939 – Gerald Curran, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Don Edwards, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1939 – Walter Jakob Gehring, Swiss biologist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1939 – Brian Mulroney, Canadian lawyer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of Canada
    • 1940 – Stathis Chaitas, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1940 – Mary Ellen Mark, American photographer and journalist (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Giampiero Moretti, Italian race car driver and businessman, founded the Momo company (d. 2012)
    • 1941 – Pat Corrales, American baseball player and manager
    • 1941 – Kenji Kimihara, Japanese runner
    • 1943 – Gerard Malanga, American poet and photographer
    • 1943 – Douglas Tompkins, American businessman, co-founded The North Face and Esprit Holdings (d. 2015)
    • 1943 – Paul Junger Witt, American director and producer (d. 2018)
    • 1944 – John Cameron, English composer and conductor
    • 1944 – Camille Cosby, American author, producer, and philanthropist
    • 1944 – Alan Harper, English-Irish archbishop
    • 1945 – Henry Bartholomay, American soldier and pilot (d. 2015)
    • 1945 – Jay Ingram, Canadian television host and author
    • 1945 – Pat Riley, American basketball player and coach
    • 1945 – Tim Yeo, English politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Health
    • 1946 – Douglas B. Green, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1946 – Malcolm Simmons, English motorcycle racer (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – John Boswell, American historian, philologist, and academic (d. 1994)
    • 1948 – John de Lancie, American actor
    • 1948 – Bobby Orr, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1948 – Nikos Papazoglou, Greek singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1949 – Marcia Ball, American blues singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1949 – Richard Dowden, English journalist and educator
    • 1950 – William Hurt, American actor
    • 1950 – Carl Palmer, English drummer, percussionist, and songwriter
    • 1951 – Jimmie Vaughan, American blues-rock singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1952 – Geoff Brabham, Australian race car driver
    • 1952 – David Greenaway, English economist and academic
    • 1953 – Phil Judd, New Zealand singer-songwriter, guitarist and painter
    • 1954 – Mike Francesa, American radio talk show host and television commentator
    • 1954 – Liana Kanelli, Greek journalist and politician
    • 1954 – Paul Mirabella, American baseball player
    • 1955 – Nina Kiriki Hoffman, American author
    • 1955 – Ian Moss, Australian guitarist and singer-songwriter
    • 1955 – Mariya Takeuchi, Japanese singer-songwriter
    • 1956 – Catherine Ashton, English politician, Vice-President of the European Commission
    • 1956 – Anne Donahue, American lawyer and politician
    • 1956 – Naoto Takenaka, Japanese actor, comedian, singer, and director
    • 1957 – Vanessa Bell Calloway, American actress
    • 1957 – David Foster, Australian woodchopper
    • 1957 – Spike Lee, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1957 – Theresa Russell, American actress
    • 1957 – Chris Wedge, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and voice actor
    • 1958 – Holly Hunter, American actress and producer
    • 1958 – Rickey Jackson, American football player
    • 1958 – Joe Reaiche, Australian rugby player
    • 1959 – Dave Beasant, English footballer and coach
    • 1959 – Mary Roach, American author
    • 1959 – Sting, American wrestler
    • 1959 – Peter Truscott, Baron Truscott, British Labour Party politician and peer
    • 1960 – Norm Magnusson, American painter and sculptor
    • 1960 – Norbert Pohlmann, German computer scientist and academic
    • 1960 – Yuri Shargin, Russian colonel, engineer, and astronaut
    • 1961 – Ingrid Arndt-Brauer, German politician
    • 1961 – Jesper Olsen, Danish footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Sara Wheeler, English author and journalist
    • 1962 – Stephen Sommers, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1963 – Paul Annacone, American tennis player and coach
    • 1963 – Kathy Ireland, American model, actress, and furniture designer
    • 1963 – Yelena Romanova, Russian runner (d. 2007)
    • 1963 – David Thewlis, English-French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Natacha Atlas, Belgian singer-songwriter
    • 1965 – William Dalrymple, Scottish historian and author
    • 1967 – Xavier Beauvois, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Mookie Blaylock, American basketball player
    • 1968 – Carlos Almeida, Cape Verdean runner
    • 1968 – A. J. Jacobs, American journalist and author
    • 1968 – Paul Merson, English footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Ultra Naté, American singer, songwriter, record producer, DJ, and promoter
    • 1969 – Yvette Cooper, English economist and politician, Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
    • 1969 – Fabien Galthie, French rugby player
    • 1970 – Edoardo Ballerini, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Josephine Medina, Filipino Paralympic table tennis player
    • 1970 – sj Miller, American academic, public speaker, and social justice activist
    • 1970 – Michael Rapaport, American actor, podcast host, and director
    • 1971 – Manny Alexander, Dominican baseball player
    • 1971 – Touré, American journalist and author
    • 1972 – Chilly Gonzales, Canadian-German singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
    • 1972 – Alex Kapranos, English-Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1972 – Greg Searle, English rower
    • 1972 – Marco Sejna, German footballer
    • 1972 – Cristel Vahtra, Estonian skier
    • 1973 – Nicky Boje, South African cricketer
    • 1973 – Natalya Khrushcheleva, Russian runner
    • 1973 – Talal Khalifa Aljeri, Kuwaiti businessman
    • 1974 – Carsten Ramelow, German footballer
    • 1975 – Ramin Bahrani, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1975 – Isolde Kostner, Italian skier
    • 1976 – Chester Bennington, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2017)
    • 1978 – Kevin Betsy, English born Seychelles international footballer, midfielder and manager
    • 1978 – Brent Sherwin, Australian rugby league player
    • 1979 – Shinnosuke Abe, Japanese baseball player
    • 1979 – Freema Agyeman, English actress
    • 1979 – Keven Mealamu, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1980 – Jamal Crawford, American basketball player
    • 1980 – Robertas Javtokas, Lithuanian basketball player
    • 1981 – Ian Murray, Scottish footballer
    • 1981 – Carl Webb, Australian rugby league player
    • 1982 – Terrence Duffin, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1982 – Tomasz Kuszczak, Polish footballer
    • 1982 – José Moreira, Portuguese footballer
    • 1983 – Carolina Padrón, Venezuelan journalist
    • 1983 – Jenni Vartiainen, Finnish singer
    • 1984 – Vikram Banerjee, English cricketer
    • 1984 – Christy Carlson Romano, American actress and singer
    • 1984 – Fernando Torres, Spanish footballer
    • 1985 – Morgan Amalfitano, French footballer
    • 1985 – Ronnie Brewer, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Nicolas Lombaerts, Belgian footballer
    • 1986 – Dean Geyer, South African-Australian singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1986 – Julián Magallanes, Argentinian footballer
    • 1986 – Ruby Rose, Australian actress and model
    • 1986 – Román Torres, Panamanian footballer
    • 1987 – Daniel Maa Boumsong, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1987 – Jô, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Pedro Ken, Brazilian footballer
    • 1987 – Sergei Kostitsyn, Belarusian ice hockey player
    • 1989 – Xavier Dolan, Canadian actor and director
    • 1989 – Tamim Iqbal, Bangladeshi Cricketer
    • 1990 – Blake Ferguson, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Marcos Rojo, Argentine footballer
    • 1991 – Mattia Destro, Italian footballer
    • 1991 – Michał Kucharczyk, Polish footballer
    • 1991 – Ethan Lowe, Australian rugby league player
    • 1993 – Sloane Stephens, American tennis player
    • 1995 – Jack Bird, Australian rugby league player

    Deaths on March 20

    • 687 – Cuthbert, Northumbrian (English) monk, bishop, and saint (b. 634)
    • 703 – Wulfram, archbishop of Sens
    • 842 – Alfonso II, king of Asturias (Spain) (b. 759)
    • 851 – Ebbo, archbishop of Reims
    • 1181 – Taira no Kiyomori, Japanese general (b. 1118)
    • 1191 – Pope Clement III (b. 1130)
    • 1239 – Hermann von Salza, German knight and diplomat (b. 1179)
    • 1302 – Ralph Walpole, Bishop of Norwich
    • 1336 – Maurice Csák, Hungarian Dominican friar (b. 1270)
    • 1351 – Muhammad bin Tughluq, Sultan of Delhi
    • 1390 – Alexios III Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond (b. 1338)
    • 1413 – Henry IV of England (b. 1367)
    • 1440 – Sigismund I of Lithuania
    • 1475 – Georges Chastellain, Burgundian chronicler and poet
    • 1549 – Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley, English general and politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1508)
    • 1568 – Albert, Duke of Prussia (b. 1490)
    • 1619 – Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1557)
    • 1673 – Augustyn Kordecki, Polish monk (b. 1603)
    • 1688 – Maria of Orange-Nassau, Dutch princess (b. 1642)
    • 1730 – Adrienne Lecouvreur, French actress (b. 1692)
    • 1746 – Nicolas de Largillière, French painter and academic (b. 1656)
    • 1780 – Benjamin Truman, English brewer and businessman (b. 1699)
    • 1793 – William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, Scottish judge and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1705)
    • 1835 – Louis Léopold Robert, French painter (b. 1794)
    • 1849 – James Justinian Morier, Turkish-English author and diplomat (b. 1780)
    • 1855 – Joseph Aspdin, English businessman (b. 1788)
    • 1865 – Yamanami Keisuke, Japanese samurai (b. 1833)
    • 1874 – Hans Christian Lumbye, Danish composer and conductor (b. 1810)
    • 1878 – Julius Robert von Mayer, German physician and physicist (b. 1814)
    • 1894 – Lajos Kossuth, Hungarian lawyer, journalist and politician (b. 1802)
    • 1897 – Apollon Maykov, Russian poet and playwright (b. 1821)
    • 1899 – Franz Ritter von Hauer, Austrian geologist and author (b. 1822)
    • 1909 – Friedrich Amelung, Estonian historian and businessman (b. 1842)
    • 1918 – Lewis A. Grant, American general and lawyer (b. 1828)
    • 1925 – George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, English politician, 35th Governor-General of India (b. 1859)
    • 1929 – Ferdinand Foch, French field marshal (b. 1851)
    • 1930 – Arthur F. Andrews, American cyclist (b. 1876)
    • 1931 – Hermann Müller, German journalist and politician, 12th Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
    • 1933 – Giuseppe Zangara, Italian-American assassin of Anton Cermak (b. 1900; executed)
    • 1940 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician, biologist, and eugenicist (b. 1860)
    • 1945 – Dorothy Campbell, Scottish-American golfer (b. 1883)
    • 1946 – Amadeus William Grabau, American-Chinese geologist, paleontologist, and academic (b. 1870)
    • 1947 – Sigurd Wallén, Swedish actor and director (b. 1884)
    • 1952 – Hjalmar Väre, Finnish cyclist (b. 1892)
    • 1958 – Adegoke Adelabu, Nigerian merchant, journalist, and politician (b. 1915)
    • 1964 – Brendan Behan, Irish republican and playwright (b. 1923)
    • 1965 – Daniel Frank, American long jumper (b. 1882)
    • 1966 – Johnny Morrison, American baseball player (b. 1895)
    • 1968 – Carl Theodor Dreyer, Danish director and screenwriter (b. 1889)
    • 1969 – Henri Longchambon, French politician (b. 1896)
    • 1971 – Falih Rıfkı Atay, Turkish journalist and politician (b. 1894)
    • 1972 – Marilyn Maxwell, American actress (b. 1921)
    • 1974 – Chet Huntley, American journalist (b. 1911)
    • 1977 – Charles Lyttelton, 10th Viscount Cobham, English politician, 9th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1909)
    • 1977 – Terukuni Manzō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 38th Yokozuna (b. 1919)
    • 1978 – Jacques Brugnon, French tennis player (b. 1895)
    • 1981 – Gerry Bertier, American football player (b. 1953)
    • 1983 – Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1891)
    • 1990 – Maurice Cloche, French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1907)
    • 1990 – Lev Yashin, Russian footballer (b. 1929)
    • 1992 – Georges Delerue, French composer (b. 1925)
    • 1993 – Polykarp Kusch, German-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
    • 1994 – Lewis Grizzard, American writer and humorist (b. 1946)
    • 1997 – V. S. Pritchett, English short story writer, essayist, and critic (b. 1900)
    • 1999 – Patrick Heron, British painter (b. 1920)
    • 2000 – Gene Eugene, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1961)
    • 2001 – Luis Alvarado, Puerto Rican-American baseball player (b. 1949)
    • 2004 – Juliana of the Netherlands (b. 1909)
    • 2004 – Pierre Sévigny, Canadian colonel and politician (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Armand Lohikoski, American-Finnish director and screenwriter (b. 1912)
    • 2007 – Raynald Fréchette, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1933)
    • 2007 – Taha Yassin Ramadan, Iraqi politician, Vice President of Iraq (b. 1938)
    • 2007 – Hawa Yakubu, Ghanaian politician (b. 1948)
    • 2010 – Ai, American poet and academic (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Girija Prasad Koirala, Indian-Nepalese politician, 30th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1924)
    • 2010 – Stewart Udall, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 37th United States Secretary of the Interior (b. 1920)
    • 2011 – Johnny Pearson, English pianist, conductor, and composer (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Lincoln Hall, Australian mountaineer and author (b. 1955)
    • 2012 – Noboru Ishiguro, Japanese animator and director (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Chaim Pinchas Scheinberg, Polish-Israeli rabbi and author (b. 1910)
    • 2012 – Jim Stynes, Irish-Australian footballer (b. 1966)
    • 2013 – James Herbert, English author (b. 1943)
    • 2013 – George Lowe, New Zealand-English mountaineer and explorer (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Zillur Rahman, Bangladeshi lawyer and politician, 19th President of Bangladesh (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Hennie Aucamp, South African poet, author, and academic (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Hilderaldo Bellini, Brazilian footballer (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Tonie Nathan, American politician (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Khushwant Singh, Indian journalist and author (b. 1915)
    • 2015 – Eva Burrows, Australian 13th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Malcolm Fraser, Australian politician, 22nd Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Anker Jørgensen, Danish politician, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1922)
    • 2017 – David Rockefeller, American billionaire and philanthropist (b. 1915)
    • 2018 – C. K. Mann, a Ghanaian Highlife musician and producer (b. 1936)
    • 2019 – Mary Warnock, English philosopher & writer (b. 1924)
    • 2020 – Kenny Rogers, American singer (b. 1938)

    Holidays and observances on March 20

    • Christian feast day:
      • Alexandra
      • Blessed John of Parma
      • Clement of Ireland
      • Cuthbert of Lindisfarne
      • Herbert of Derwentwater
      • John of Nepomuk
      • Józef Bilczewski
      • María Josefa Sancho de Guerra
      • Martin of Braga
      • Michele Carcano
      • Wulfram
      • March 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest date for the vernal equinox in the Northern hemisphere:
      • Bahá’í Naw-Rúz, started at sunset on March 20. The end of the 19-day sunrise-to-sunset fast. (Bahá’í Faith)
      • Chunfen (China)
      • Earth Equinox Day
      • International Astrology Day
      • New Year (Thelema)
      • Nowruz (Persian, Gilaki, Kurdish, Zoroastrians, and other Iranian people and countries with an Iranian influence)
      • Ostara in the northern hemisphere, Mabon in the southern hemisphere. (Neo-Druidic Wheel of the Year)
      • Shunbun no Hi (Japan)
      • Sun-Earth Day (United States)
      • Vernal Equinox Day/Kōreisai (Japan)
      • World Storytelling Day
    • Earliest day on which Good Friday can fall, while April 23 is the latest; celebrated on Friday before Easter. (Christianity)
    • Great American Meatout (United States)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Tunisia from France in 1956.
    • International Day of Happiness (United Nations)
    • International Francophonie Day (Organisation internationale de la Francophonie), and its related observances:
      • UN French Language Day (United Nations)
    • National Native HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
    • World Sparrow Day

  • March 5 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 363 – Roman Emperor Julian moves from Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
    • 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book Safarnama.
    • 1279 – The Livonian Order is defeated in the Battle of Aizkraukle by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
    • 1496 – King Henry VII of England issues letters patent to John Cabot and his sons, authorising them to explore unknown lands.
    • 1616 – Nicolaus Copernicus’s book On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres is added to the Index of Forbidden Books 73 years after it was first published.
    • 1766 – Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.
    • 1770 – Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, are fatally shot by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War (also known as the American War of Independence) five years later.
    • 1811 – Peninsular War: A French force under the command of Marshal Victor is routed while trying to prevent an Anglo-Spanish-Portuguese army from lifting the Siege of Cádiz in the Battle of Barrosa.
    • 1824 – First Anglo-Burmese War: The British officially declare war on Burma.
    • 1836 – Samuel Colt patents the first production-model revolver, the .34-caliber.
    • 1850 – The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the island of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales is opened.
    • 1860 – Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
    • 1868 – Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito, receives its premiere performance at La Scala.
    • 1872 – George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
    • 1906 – Moro Rebellion: United States Army troops bring overwhelming force against the native Moros in the First Battle of Bud Dajo, leaving only six survivors.
    • 1912 – Italo-Turkish War: Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, employing them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
    • 1931 – The British Raj: Gandhi–Irwin Pact is signed.
    • 1933 – Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Party receives 43.9% at the Reichstag elections, which allows the Nazis to later pass the Enabling Act and establish a dictatorship.
    • 1936 – First flight of K5054, the first prototype Supermarine Spitfire advanced monoplane fighter aircraft in the United Kingdom.
    • 1940 – Six high-ranking members of Soviet politburo, including Joseph Stalin, sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POWs, in what will become known as the Katyn massacre.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces capture Batavia, capital of Dutch East Indies, which is left undefended after the withdrawal of the KNIL garrison and Australian Blackforce battalion to Buitenzorg and Bandung.
    • 1943 – First Flight of the Gloster Meteor, Britain’s first combat jet aircraft.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Red Army begins the Uman–Botoșani Offensive in the western Ukrainian SSR.
    • 1946 – Cold War: Winston Churchill coins the phrase “Iron Curtain” in his speech at Westminster College, Missouri.
    • 1953 – Joseph Stalin, the longest serving leader of the Soviet Union, dies at his Volynskoe dacha in Moscow after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage four days earlier.
    • 1960 – Indonesian President Sukarno dismissed the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR), 1955 democratically elected parliament, and replaced with DPR-GR, the parliament of his own selected members.
    • 1963 – American country music stars Patsy Cline, Hawkshaw Hawkins, Cowboy Copas and their pilot Randy Hughes are killed in a plane crash in Camden, Tennessee.
    • 1965 – March Intifada: A Leftist uprising erupts in Bahrain against British colonial presence.
    • 1966 – BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707 aircraft, breaks apart in mid-air due to clear-air turbulence and crashes into Mount Fuji, Japan, killing all 124 people on board.
    • 1970 – The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.
    • 1974 – Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdraw from the west bank of the Suez Canal.
    • 1978 – The Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.
    • 1979 – Soviet probes Venera 11, Venera 12 and the German-American solar satellite Helios II all are hit by “off the scale” gamma rays leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.
    • 1981 – The ZX81, a pioneering British home computer, is launched by Sinclair Research and would go on to sell over 1​1⁄2 million units around the world.
    • 1982 – Soviet probe Venera 14 lands on Venus.
    • 2003 – In Haifa, 17 Israeli civilians are killed in the Haifa bus 37 suicide bombing.
    • 2012 – Tropical Storm Irina kills over 75 as it passes through Madagascar.

    Births on March 5

    • 1133 – Henry II of England (d. 1189)
    • 1224 – Saint Kinga of Poland (d. 1292)
    • 1324 – David II of Scotland (d. 1371)
    • 1326 – Louis I of Hungary (d. 1382)
    • 1340 – Cansignorio della Scala, Lord of Verona (d. 1375)
    • 1451 – William Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English Earl (d. 1491)
    • 1512 – Gerardus Mercator, Flemish mathematician, cartographer, and philosopher (d. 1594)
    • 1523 – Rodrigo de Castro Osorio, Spanish cardinal (d. 1600)
    • 1527 – Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1603)
    • 1539 – Christoph Pezel, German theologian (d. 1604)
    • 1563 – John Coke, English civil servant and politician (d. 1644)
    • 1575 – William Oughtred, English minister and mathematician (d. 1660)
    • 1585 – John George I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1656)
    • 1585 – Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg (d. 1638)
    • 1637 – Jan van der Heyden, Dutch painter and engineer (d. 1712)
    • 1658 – Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, French explorer and politician, 3rd Colonial Governor of Louisiana (d. 1730)
    • 1693 – Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian and scholar (d. 1754)
    • 1696 – Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)
    • 1703 – Vasily Trediakovsky, Russian poet and playwright (d. 1768)
    • 1713 – Edward Cornwallis, English general and politician, Governor of Gibraltar (d. 1776)
    • 1713 – Frederick Cornwallis, English archbishop (d. 1783)
    • 1723 – Princess Mary of Great Britain (d. 1773)
    • 1733 – Vincenzo Galeotti, Italian-Danish dancer and choreographer (d. 1816)
    • 1739 – Benjamin Ruggles Woodbridge, American colonel and physician (d. 1819)
    • 1748 – Jonas Carlsson Dryander, Swedish botanist and biologist (d. 1810)
    • 1748 – William Shield, English violinist and composer (d. 1829)
    • 1750 – Jean-Baptiste-Gaspard d’Ansse de Villoison, French scholar and academic (d. 1805)
    • 1751 – Jan Křtitel Kuchař, Czech organist, composer, and educator (d. 1829)
    • 1774 – Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse, Danish organist and composer (d. 1842)
    • 1779 – Benjamin Gompertz, English mathematician and statistician (d. 1865)
    • 1785 – Carlo Odescalchi, Italian cardinal (d. 1841)
    • 1794 – Jacques Babinet, French physicist, mathematician, and astronomer (d. 1872)
    • 1794 – Robert Cooper Grier, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1870)
    • 1814 – Wilhelm von Giesebrecht, German historian and academic (d. 1889)
    • 1800 – Georg Friedrich Daumer, German poet and philosopher (d. 1875)
    • 1815 – John Wentworth, American journalist and politician, 19th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1888)
    • 1817 – Austen Henry Layard, English archaeologist, academic, and politician, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (d. 1894)
    • 1830 – Étienne-Jules Marey, French physiologist and chronophotographer (d. 1904)
    • 1830 – Charles Wyville Thomson, Scottish historian and zoologist (d. 1882)
    • 1834 – Félix de Blochausen, Luxembourgian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Luxembourg (d. 1915)
    • 1834 – Marietta Piccolomini, Italian soprano (d. 1899)
    • 1853 – Howard Pyle, American author and illustrator (d. 1911)
    • 1862 – Siegbert Tarrasch, German chess player and theoretician (d. 1934)
    • 1867 – Louis-Alexandre Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 14th Premier of Quebec (d. 1952)
    • 1869 – Michael von Faulhaber, German cardinal (d. 1952)
    • 1870 – Frank Norris, American journalist and author (d. 1902)
    • 1870 – Evgeny Paton, French-Ukrainian engineer (d. 1953)
    • 1871 – Rosa Luxemburg, Polish-Russian economist and philosopher (d. 1919)
    • 1871 – Konstantinos Pallis, Greek general and politician, Minister Governor-General of Macedonia (d. 1941)
    • 1873 – Olav Bjaaland, Norwegian skier and explorer (d. 1961)
    • 1874 – Henry Travers, English-American actor (d. 1965)
    • 1875 – Harry Lawson, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Victoria (d. 1952)
    • 1876 – Thomas Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote, English lawyer and politician, 8th Lord Chief Justice of England (d. 1947)
    • 1876 – Elisabeth Moore, American tennis player (d. 1959)
    • 1879 – William Beveridge, Bangladeshi-English economist and academic (d. 1963)
    • 1879 – Andres Larka, Estonian general and politician, 1st Estonian Minister of War (d. 1943)
    • 1880 – Sergei Natanovich Bernstein, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1882 – Dora Marsden, English author and activist (d. 1960)
    • 1883 – Pauline Sperry, American mathematician (d. 1967)
    • 1885 – Marius Barbeau, Canadian ethnographer and academic (d. 1969)
    • 1886 – Dong Biwu, Chinese judge and politician, Chairman of the People’s Republic of China (d. 1975)
    • 1886 – Freddie Welsh, Welsh boxer (d. 1927)
    • 1887 – Heitor Villa-Lobos, Brazilian guitarist and composer (d. 1959)
    • 1894 – Henry Daniell, English-American actor (d. 1963)
    • 1898 – Zhou Enlai, Chinese politician, 1st Premier of the People’s Republic of China (d. 1976)
    • 1898 – Misao Okawa, Japanese super-centenarian (d. 2015)
    • 1900 – Lilli Jahn, Jewish German doctor (d. 1944)
    • 1900 – Johanna Langefeld, German guard and supervisor of three Nazi concentration camps (d. 1974)
    • 1901 – Friedrich Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg (d. 1971)
    • 1901 – Julian Przyboś, Polish poet, essayist and translator (d. 1970)
    • 1904 – Karl Rahner, German priest and theologian (d. 1984)
    • 1905 – László Benedek, Hungarian-American director and cinematographer (d. 1992)
    • 1908 – Fritz Fischer, German historian and author (d. 1999)
    • 1908 – Irving Fiske, American author and playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1908 – Rex Harrison, English actor (d. 1990)
    • 1910 – Momofuku Ando, Taiwanese-Japanese businessman, founded Nissin Foods (d. 2007)
    • 1910 – Ennio Flaiano, Italian author, screenwriter, and critic (d. 1972)
    • 1912 – Jack Marshall, New Zealand colonel, lawyer, and politician, 28th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1988)
    • 1915 – Henry Hicks, Canadian academic and politician, 16th Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 1990)
    • 1915 – Laurent Schwartz, French mathematician and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1918 – Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2017)
    • 1918 – Red Storey, Canadian football player, referee, and sportscaster (d. 2006)
    • 1918 – James Tobin, American economist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1920 – José Aboulker, Algerian surgeon and activist (d. 2009)
    • 1920 – Virginia Christine, American actress (d. 1996)
    • 1920 – Rachel Gurney, English actress (d. 2001)
    • 1920 – Wang Zengqi, Chinese writer (d. 1997)
    • 1921 – Elmer Valo, American baseball player and coach (d. 1998)
    • 1922 – James Noble, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1975)
    • 1923 – Juan A. Rivero, Puerto Rican biologist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1923 – Laurence Tisch, American businessman, co-founded the Loews Corporation (d. 2003)
    • 1924 – Roger Marche, French footballer (d. 1997)
    • 1927 – Jack Cassidy, American actor and singer (d. 1976)
    • 1927 – Robert Lindsay, 29th Earl of Crawford, Scottish businessman and politician
    • 1928 – J. Hillis Miller, American academic and critic
    • 1929 – Erik Carlsson, Swedish race car driver (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – J. B. Lenoir, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1967)
    • 1930 – John Ashley, Canadian ice hockey player and referee (d. 2008)
    • 1930 – Del Crandall, American baseball player and manager
    • 1931 – Fred, French author and illustrator (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Barry Tuckwell, Australian horn player and educator (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Paul Sand, American actor
    • 1933 – Walter Kasper, German cardinal and theologian
    • 1934 – Daniel Kahneman, Israeli-American economist and psychologist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1935 – Letizia Battaglia, Italian photographer and journalist
    • 1935 – Philip K. Chapman, Australian-American astronaut and engineer
    • 1936 – Canaan Banana, Zimbabwean minister and politician, 1st President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003)
    • 1936 – Dale Douglass, American golfer
    • 1936 – Dean Stockwell, American actor
    • 1937 – Olusegun Obasanjo, Nigerian general and politician, 5th President of Nigeria
    • 1938 – Paul Evans, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1938 – Lynn Margulis, American biologist and academic (d. 2011)
    • 1938 – Fred Williamson, American football player, actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Samantha Eggar, English actress
    • 1939 – Tony Rundle, Australian politician, 40th Premier of Tasmania
    • 1939 – Benyamin Sueb, Indonesian actor and comedian (d. 1995)
    • 1939 – Peter Woodcock, Canadian serial killer (d. 2010)
    • 1939 – Pierre Wynants, Belgian chef
    • 1940 – Tom Butler, English bishop
    • 1940 – Ken Irvine, Australian rugby league player (d. 1990)
    • 1940 – Graham McRae, New Zealand race car driver
    • 1940 – Sepp Piontek, German footballer and manager
    • 1941 – Des Wilson, New Zealand-English businessman and activist
    • 1942 – Felipe González, Spanish lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Spain
    • 1942 – Mike Resnick, American author and editor (d. 2020)
    • 1942 – David Watkins, Welsh rugby player
    • 1943 – Lucio Battisti, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1998)
    • 1944 – Peter Brandes, Danish painter and sculptor
    • 1944 – Roy Gutman, American journalist and author
    • 1945 – Wilf Tranter, English footballer
    • 1946 – Richard Bell, Canadian pianist (d. 2007)
    • 1946 – Guerrino Boatto, Italian illustrator and painter (d. 2018)
    • 1946 – Graham Hawkins, English footballer and manager (d. 2016)
    • 1946 – Murray Head, English actor and singer
    • 1947 – Clodagh Rodgers, Northern Irish singer and actress
    • 1947 – Kent Tekulve, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1948 – Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1984)
    • 1948 – Eddy Grant, Guyanese-British singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1948 – Richard Hickox, English conductor and scholar (d. 2008)
    • 1948 – Elaine Paige, English singer and actress
    • 1948 – Jan van Beveren, Dutch footballer and coach (d. 2011)
    • 1949 – Bernard Arnault, French businessman, philanthropist, and art collector
    • 1949 – Franz Josef Jung, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of Defence
    • 1949 – Tom Russell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1951 – Rodney Hogg, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1952 – Petar Borota, Serbian footballer and coach (d. 2010)
    • 1952 – Mike Squires, American baseball player and scout
    • 1953 – Katarina Frostenson, Swedish poet and author
    • 1953 – Michael J. Sandel, American philosopher and academic
    • 1953 – Tokyo Sexwale, South African businessman and politician, 1st Premier of Gauteng
    • 1954 – Marsha Warfield, American actress
    • 1954 – João Lourenço, Angolan president
    • 1955 – Penn Jillette, American magician, actor, and author
    • 1956 – Teena Marie, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1956 – Christopher Snowden, English engineer and academic
    • 1957 – Mark E. Smith, English singer, songwriter and musician (d. 2018)
    • 1957 – Ray Suarez, American journalist and author
    • 1958 – Volodymyr Bezsonov, Ukrainian footballer and manager
    • 1958 – Bob Forward, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1958 – Andy Gibb, English-Australian singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1988)
    • 1959 – Vazgen Sargsyan, Armenian colonel and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Armenia (d. 1999)
    • 1960 – Paul Drayson, Baron Drayson, English businessman and politician, Minister for Defence Equipment, Support and Technology
    • 1963 – Joel Osteen, American pastor, author, and television host
    • 1964 – Bertrand Cantat, French singer-songwriter
    • 1964 – Gerald Vanenburg, Dutch footballer and manager
    • 1965 – José Semedo, Portuguese footballer and coach
    • 1966 – Oh Eun-sun, South Korean mountaineer
    • 1966 – Bob Halkidis, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1966 – Michael Irvin, American football player, sportscaster, and actor
    • 1966 – Aasif Mandvi, Indian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Zachery Stevens, American singer-songwriter
    • 1968 – Gordon Bajnai, Hungarian businessman and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Hungary
    • 1968 – Theresa Villiers, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
    • 1969 – Paul Blackthorne, English actor and producer
    • 1969 – Danny King, English author and playwright
    • 1969 – Moussa Saïb, Algerian footballer and manager
    • 1969 – M.C. Solaar, Afro-French rapper
    • 1970 – Mike Brown, American basketball player and coach
    • 1970 – John Frusciante, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1970 – Yuu Watase, Japanese illustrator
    • 1971 – Greg Berry, English footballer and coach
    • 1971 – Jeffrey Hammonds, American baseball player and scout
    • 1971 – Yuri Lowenthal, American voice actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Filip Meirhaeghe, Belgian cyclist
    • 1971 – Mark Protheroe, Australian rugby league player
    • 1973 – Yannis Anastasiou, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1973 – Nelly Arcan, Canadian author (d. 2009)
    • 1973 – Juan Esnáider, Argentinian footballer and manager
    • 1973 – Ryan Franklin, American baseball player
    • 1973 – Nicole Pratt, Australian tennis player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Špela Pretnar, Slovenian skier
    • 1974 – Kevin Connolly, American actor and director
    • 1974 – Jens Jeremies, German footballer
    • 1974 – Eva Mendes, American model and actress
    • 1975 – Luciano Burti, Brazilian race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Sasho Petrovski, Australian footballer
    • 1975 – Chris Silverwood, English cricketer and coach
    • 1976 – Neil Jackson, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Šarūnas Jasikevičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
    • 1976 – Paul Konerko, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Norm Maxwell, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1977 – Taismary Agüero, Cuban-Italian volleyball player
    • 1978 – Jared Crouch, Australian footballer
    • 1978 – Mike Hessman, American baseball player and coach
    • 1978 – Kimberly McCullough, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1978 – Carlos Ochoa, Mexican footballer
    • 1979 – Martin Axenrot, Swedish drummer
    • 1979 – Lee Mears, English rugby player
    • 1980 – Shay Carl, American businessman, co-founded Maker Studios
    • 1981 – Barret Jackman, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Paul Martin, American ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Dan Carter, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1982 – Philipp Haastrup, German footballer
    • 1983 – Édgar Dueñas, Mexican footballer
    • 1984 – Branko Cvetković, Serbian basketball player
    • 1984 – Guillaume Hoarau, French footballer
    • 1985 – David Marshall, Scottish footballer
    • 1985 – Brad Mills, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Kenichi Matsuyama, Japanese actor
    • 1986 – Alexandre Barthe, French footballer
    • 1986 – Matty Fryatt, English footballer
    • 1987 – Anna Chakvetadze, Russian tennis player
    • 1987 – Chris Cohen, English footballer
    • 1988 – Liassine Cadamuro-Bentaïba, Algerian footballer
    • 1990 – Danny Drinkwater, English footballer
    • 1990  – Mason Plumlee, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Alex Smithies, English footballer
    • 1991 – Ramiro Funes Mori, Argentinian footballer
    • 1991 – Daniil Trifonov, Russian pianist and composer
    • 1993 – El Hadji Ba, French footballer
    • 1993 – Joshua Coyne, American violinist and composer
    • 1993 – Harry Maguire, English footballer
    • 1994 – Daria Gavrilova, Russian-Australian tennis player
    • 1994 – Kyle Schwarber, American baseball player
    • 1996 – Taylor Hill, American model
    • 1996 – Emmanuel Mudiay, Congolese basketball player
    • 1997 – Milena Venega, Cuban rower
    • 1998 – Bo Bichette, American baseball player
    • 1999 – Madison Beer, American singer, songwriter and producer.
    • 2007 – Roman Griffin Davis, British actor, second youngest Golden Globe recipient.

    Deaths on March 5

    • 254 – Pope Lucius I (b. 200)
    • 824 – Suppo I, Frankish nobleman
    • 1239 – Hermann Balk, German knight
    • 1410 – Matthew of Kraków, Polish reformer (b. 1335)
    • 1417 – Manuel III Megas Komnenos, Emperor of Trebizond (b. 1364)
    • 1534 – Antonio da Correggio, Italian painter and educator (b. 1489)
    • 1539 – Nuno da Cunha, Portuguese admiral and politician, Governor of Portuguese India (b. 1487)
    • 1599 – Guido Panciroli, Italian historian and jurist (b. 1523)
    • 1611 – Shimazu Yoshihisa, Japanese daimyō (b. 1533)
    • 1622 – Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1569)
    • 1695 – Henry Wharton, English writer and librarian (b. 1664)
    • 1726 – Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull, English politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1655)
    • 1770 – Crispus Attucks, American slave (b. 1723)
    • 1778 – Thomas Arne, English composer and educator (b. 1710)
    • 1815 – Franz Mesmer, German physician and astrologist (b. 1734)
    • 1827 – Pierre-Simon Laplace, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1749)
    • 1827 – Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist and academic (b. 1745)
    • 1829 – John Adams, English sailor and mutineer (b. 1766)
    • 1849 – David Scott, Scottish historical painter (b. 1806)
    • 1876 – Marie d’Agoult, German-French historian and author (b. 1805)
    • 1893 – Hippolyte Taine, French historian and critic (b. 1828)
    • 1895 – Nikolai Leskov, Russian author, playwright, and journalist (b. 1831)
    • 1895 – Sir Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baronet, English general and scholar (b. 1810)
    • 1907 – Friedrich Blass, German philologist, scholar, and academic (b. 1843)
    • 1925 – Johan Jensen, Danish mathematician and engineer (b. 1859)
    • 1927 – Franz Mertens, Polish-Austrian mathematician and academic (b. 1840)
    • 1929 – David Dunbar Buick, Scottish-American businessman, founded Buick (b. 1854)
    • 1934 – Reşit Galip, Turkish academic and politician, 6th Turkish Minister of National Education (b. 1893)
    • 1935 – Roque Ruaño, Spanish priest and engineer (b. 1877)
    • 1940 – Cai Yuanpei, Chinese philosopher and academic (b. 1868)
    • 1944 – Max Jacob, French poet and author (b. 1876)
    • 1945 – Lena Baker, African American maid and murderer (b. 1900)
    • 1947 – Alfredo Casella, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1883)
    • 1950 – Edgar Lee Masters, American poet, author, and playwright (b. 1868)
    • 1950 – Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian general and politician (b. 1907)
    • 1953 – Herman J. Mankiewicz, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1897)
    • 1953 – Sergei Prokofiev, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1891)
    • 1953 – Joseph Stalin, Soviet dictator and politician of Georgian descent, 2nd leader of the Soviet Union (b. 1878)
    • 1955 – Antanas Merkys, Lithuanian lawyer and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Lithuania (b. 1888)
    • 1963 – Patsy Cline, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932)
    • 1963 – Cowboy Copas, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1913)
    • 1963 – Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1921)
    • 1965 – Chen Cheng, Chinese general and politician, 27th Premier of the Republic of China (b. 1897)
    • 1965 – Pepper Martin, American baseball player and manager (b. 1904)
    • 1966 – Anna Akhmatova, Ukrainian-Russian poet, author, and translator (b. 1889)
    • 1967 – Mischa Auer, Russian-American actor (b. 1905)
    • 1967 – Mohammad Mosaddegh, Iranian political scientist and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1882)
    • 1967 – Georges Vanier, Canadian general and politician, 19th Governor General of Canada (b. 1888)
    • 1971 – Allan Nevins, American journalist and author (b. 1890)
    • 1973 – Robert C. O’Brien, American journalist and author (b. 1918)
    • 1974 – John Samuel Bourque, Canadian colonel and politician (b. 1894)
    • 1974 – Billy De Wolfe, American actor (b. 1907)
    • 1974 – Sol Hurok, Ukrainian-American businessman (b. 1888)
    • 1976 – Otto Tief, Estonian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Estonia (b. 1889)
    • 1977 – Tom Pryce, Welsh race car driver (b. 1949)
    • 1980 – Jay Silverheels, Canadian-American actor (b. 1912)
    • 1981 – Yip Harburg, American songwriter and composer (b. 1896)
    • 1982 – John Belushi, American actor (b. 1949)
    • 1984 – Pierre Cochereau, French organist and composer (b. 1924)
    • 1984 – Tito Gobbi, Italian operatic baritone (b. 1913)
    • 1984 – William Powell, American actor (b. 1892)
    • 1988 – Alberto Olmedo, Argentine comedian and actor (b. 1933)
    • 1990 – Gary Merrill, American actor and director (b. 1915)
    • 1995 – Vivian Stanshall, English singer-songwriter and musician (b. 1943)
    • 1996 – Whit Bissell, American character actor (b. 1909)
    • 1997 – Samm Sinclair Baker, American writer (b. 1909)
    • 1997 – Jean Dréville, French director and screenwriter (b. 1906)
    • 1999 – Richard Kiley, American actor and singer (b. 1922)
    • 2000 – Lolo Ferrari, French dancer, actress and singer (b. 1963)
    • 2005 – David Sheppard, English cricketer and bishop (b. 1929)
    • 2008 – Joseph Weizenbaum, German computer scientist and author (b. 1923)
    • 2010 – Charles B. Pierce, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)
    • 2010 – Richard Stapley, British actor and writer (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Manolis Rasoulis, Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
    • 2012 – Paul Haines, New Zealand-Australian author (b. 1970)
    • 2012 – Philip Madoc, Welsh-English actor (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Robert B. Sherman, American songwriter and screenwriter (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – William O. Wooldridge, American sergeant (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Paul Bearer, American wrestler and manager (b. 1954)
    • 2013 – Hugo Chávez, Venezuelan colonel and politician, President of Venezuela (b. 1954)
    • 2013 – Duane Gish, American biochemist and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Geoff Edwards, American actor and game show host (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Ailsa McKay, Scottish economist and academic (b. 1963)
    • 2014 – Leopoldo María Panero, Spanish poet and translator (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Ola L. Mize, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Vlada Divljan, Serbian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)
    • 2015 – Edward Egan, American cardinal (b. 1932)
    • 2016 – Hassan Al-Turabi, Sudanese activist and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2016 – Ray Tomlinson, American computer programmer and engineer (b. 1941)
    • 2016 – Al Wistert, American football player and coach (b. 1920)
    • 2017 – Kurt Moll, German opera singer (b. 1938)

    Holidays and observances on March 5

    • Christian feast day:
      • Ciarán of Saigir
      • John Joseph of the Cross
      • Piran
      • Theophilus, bishop of Caesarea
      • Thietmar of Minden
      • March 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Custom Chief’s Day (Vanuatu)
    • Day of Physical Culture and Sport (Azerbaijan)
    • Learn from Lei Feng Day (China)
    • St Piran’s Day (Cornwall)

  • March 3- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
    • 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan.
    • 1575 – Mughal Emperor Akbar defeats Sultan of Bengal Daud Khan Karrani’s army at the Battle of Tukaroi.
    • 1585 – The Olympic Theatre, designed by Andrea Palladio, is inaugurated in Vicenza.
    • 1776 – American Revolutionary War: The first amphibious landing of the United States Marine Corps begins the Battle of Nassau.
    • 1779 – American Revolutionary War: The Continental Army is routed at the Battle of Brier Creek near Savannah, Georgia.
    • 1799 – The Russo-Ottoman siege of Corfu ends with the surrender of the French garrison.
    • 1820 – The U.S. Congress passes the Missouri Compromise.
    • 1845 – Florida is admitted as the 27th U.S. state.
    • 1849 – The Territory of Minnesota is created.
    • 1857 – Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.
    • 1859 – The two-day Great Slave Auction, the largest such auction in United States history, concludes.
    • 1861 – Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
    • 1865 – Opening of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, the founding member of the HSBC Group.
    • 1873 – Censorship in the United States: The U.S. Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it illegal to send any “obscene literature and articles of immoral use” through the mail.
    • 1875 – Georges Bizet’s opera Carmen receives its première at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.
    • 1875 – The first ever organized indoor game of ice hockey is played in Montreal, Quebec, Canada as recorded in the Montreal Gazette.
    • 1878 – The Russo-Turkish War ends with Bulgaria regaining its independence from the Ottoman Empire according to the Treaty of San Stefano.
    • 1885 – The American Telephone & Telegraph Company is incorporated in New York.
    • 1891 – Shoshone National Forest is established as the first national forest in the US and world.
    • 1910 – Rockefeller Foundation: John D. Rockefeller Jr. announces his retirement from managing his businesses so that he can devote all his time to philanthropy.
    • 1913 – Thousands of women march in the Woman Suffrage Procession in Washington, D.C.
    • 1918 – Russia signs the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, agreeing to withdraw from World War I, and conceding German control of the Baltic States, Belarus and Ukraine. It also conceded Turkish control of Ardahan, Kars and Batumi.
    • 1923 – TIME magazine is published for the first time.
    • 1924 – The 407-year-old Islamic caliphate is abolished, when Caliph Abdülmecid II of the Ottoman Caliphate is deposed. The last remnant of the old regime gives way to the reformed Turkey of Kemal Atatürk.
    • 1924 – The Free State of Fiume is annexed by the Kingdom of Italy.
    • 1931 – The United States adopts The Star-Spangled Banner as its national anthem.
    • 1938 – Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia.
    • 1939 – In Bombay, Mohandas Gandhi begins a hunger strike in protest at the autocratic rule in British India.
    • 1940 – Five people are killed in an arson attack on the offices of the communist newspaper Flamman in Luleå, Sweden.
    • 1942 – World War II: Ten Japanese warplanes raid Broome, Western Australia, killing more than 100 people.
    • 1943 – World War II: In London, 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green tube station.
    • 1944 – The Order of Nakhimov and Order of Ushakov are instituted in USSR as the highest naval awards.
    • 1945 – World War II: American and Filipino troops recapture Manila.
    • 1945 – World War II: The RAF accidentally bombs the Bezuidenhout area of The Hague, Netherlands, killing 511 people.
    • 1951 – Jackie Brenston, with Ike Turner and his band, records “Rocket 88”, often cited as “the first rock and roll record”, at Sam Phillips’s recording studios in Memphis, Tennessee.
    • 1953 – A De Havilland Comet (Canadian Pacific Air Lines) crashes in Karachi, Pakistan, killing 11.
    • 1958 – Nuri al-Said becomes Prime Minister of Iraq for the eighth time.
    • 1969 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 9 to test the lunar module.
    • 1972 – Mohawk Airlines Flight 405 crashes as a result of a control malfunction and insufficient training in emergency procedures.
    • 1974 – Turkish Airlines Flight 981 crashes at Ermenonville near Paris, France killing all 346 aboard.
    • 1980 – The USS Nautilus is decommissioned and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register.
    • 1985 – Arthur Scargill declares that the National Union of Mineworkers’ national executive voted to end the longest-running industrial dispute in Great Britain without any peace deal over pit closures.
    • 1985 – A magnitude 8.3 earthquake strikes the Valparaíso Region of Chile, killing 177 and leaving nearly a million people homeless.
    • 1986 – The Australia Act 1986 commences, causing Australia to become fully independent from the United Kingdom.
    • 1991 – An amateur video captures the beating of Rodney King by Los Angeles police officers.
    • 2005 – James Roszko murders four Royal Canadian Mounted Police constables during a drug bust at his property in Rochfort Bridge, Alberta, then commits suicide. This is the deadliest peace-time incident for the RCMP since 1885 and the North-West Rebellion.
    • 2005 – Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly an airplane non-stop around the world solo without refueling.
    • 2005 – Margaret Wilson is elected as Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives, beginning a period lasting until August 23, 2006 where all the highest political offices (including Elizabeth II as Head of State), were occupied by women, making New Zealand the first country for this to occur.
    • 2013 – A bomb blast in Karachi, Pakistan, kills at least 45 people and injured 180 others in a predominately Shia Muslim area.

    Births on March 3

    • 1455 – John II of Portugal (d. 1495)
    • 1455 – Ascanio Sforza, Catholic cardinal (d. 1505)
    • 1506 – Luís of Portugal, Duke of Beja (d. 1555)
    • 1520 – Matthias Flacius, Croatian theologian and reformer (d. 1575)
    • 1583 – Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury, English-Welsh soldier, historian, and diplomat (d. 1648)
    • 1589 – Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch minister, theologian, and academic (d. 1676)
    • 1606 – Edmund Waller, English poet and politician (d. 1687)
    • 1652 – Thomas Otway, English playwright and author (d. 1685)
    • 1678 – Madeleine de Verchères, Canadian rebel leader (d. 1747)
    • 1756 – William Godwin, English journalist and author (d. 1836)
    • 1778 – Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1841)
    • 1793 – William Macready, English actor and manager (d. 1873)
    • 1800 – Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (d. 1862)
    • 1803 – Thomas Field Gibson, English manufacturer who aided the welfare of the Spitalfields silk weavers (d. 1889)
    • 1805 – Jonas Furrer, Swiss politician (d. 1861)
    • 1816 – William James Blacklock, English-Scottish painter (d. 1858)
    • 1819 – Gustave de Molinari, Dutch-Belgian economist and theorist (d. 1912)
    • 1825 – Shiranui Kōemon, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1879)
    • 1831 – George Pullman, American engineer and businessman, founded the Pullman Company (d. 1897)
    • 1839 – Jamsetji Tata, Indian businessman, founded Tata Group (d. 1904)
    • 1841 – John Murray, Canadian-Scottish oceanographer and biologist (d. 1914)
    • 1845 – Georg Cantor, Russian-German mathematician and philosopher (d. 1918)
    • 1847 – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-American engineer and academic, invented the telephone (d. 1922)
    • 1860 – John Montgomery Ward, American baseball player and manager (d. 1925)
    • 1866 – Fred A. Busse, American lawyer and politician, 39th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1914)
    • 1868 – Émile Chartier, French philosopher and journalist (d. 1951)
    • 1869 – Henry Wood, English conductor (d. 1944)
    • 1871 – Maurice Garin, Italian-French cyclist (d. 1957)
    • 1873 – William Green, American union leader and politician (d. 1952)
    • 1880 – Florence Auer, American actress and screenwriter (d. 1962)
    • 1880 – Yōsuke Matsuoka, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1946)
    • 1882 – Elisabeth Abegg, German anti-Nazi resistance fighter (d. 1974)
    • 1882 – Charles Ponzi, Italian businessman (d. 1949)
    • 1883 – Cyril Burt, English psychologist and geneticist (d. 1971)
    • 1883 – Paul Marais de Beauchamp, French zoologist (d. 1977)
    • 1887 – Lincoln J. Beachey, American pilot (d. 1915)
    • 1891 – Damaskinos of Athens, Greek archbishop (d. 1949)
    • 1893 – Beatrice Wood, American illustrator and potter (d. 1998)
    • 1895 – Ragnar Frisch, Norwegian economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
    • 1895 – Matthew Ridgway, American general (d. 1993)
    • 1898 – Emil Artin, Austrian-German mathematician and academic (d. 1962)
    • 1900 – Edna Best, British stage and film actress, appeared on early television in 1938 (d. 1974)
    • 1902 – Ruby Dandridge, African-American film and radio actress (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Claude Choules, English-Australian soldier (d. 2011)
    • 1903 – Vasily Kozlov, Belarusian general and politician (d. 1967)
    • 1906 – Artur Lundkvist, Swedish poet and critic (d. 1991)
    • 1911 – Jean Harlow, American actress (d. 1937)
    • 1911 – Hugues Lapointe, Canadian lawyer and politician, 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1982)
    • 1913 – Margaret Bonds, American pianist and composer (d. 1972)
    • 1913 – Harold J. Stone, American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – Asger Jorn, Danish painter and sculptor (d. 1973)
    • 1916 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-American mathematician (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Sameera Moussa, Egyptian physicist and academic (d. 1952)
    • 1918 – Arthur Kornberg, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2007)
    • 1920 – Julius Boros, American golfer and accountant (d. 1994)
    • 1920 – James Doohan, Canadian-American actor and soldier (d. 2005)
    • 1920 – Ronald Searle, English-French soldier and illustrator (d. 2011)
    • 1921 – Diana Barrymore, American actress (d. 1960)
    • 1922 – Nándor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 2002)
    • 1923 – Barney Martin, American police officer and actor (d. 2005)
    • 1923 – Doc Watson, American bluegrass singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2012)
    • 1924 – Tomiichi Murayama, Japanese soldier and politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Japan
    • 1926 – James Merrill, American poet and playwright (d. 1995)
    • 1927 – Pierre Aubert, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 2016)
    • 1930 – Ion Iliescu, Romanian engineer and politician, 2nd President of Romania
    • 1934 – Peter Brooke, Baron Brooke of Sutton Mandeville, English politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
    • 1934 – Jimmy Garrison, American bassist and educator (d. 1976)
    • 1935 – Mal Anderson, Australian tennis player
    • 1935 – Michael Walzer, American philosopher and academic
    • 1935 – Zhelyu Zhelev, Bulgarian philosopher and politician, 2nd President of Bulgaria (d. 2015)
    • 1939 – Larry Burkett, American author and radio host (d. 2003)
    • 1939 – M. L. Jaisimha, Indian cricketer (d. 1999)
    • 1940 – Germán Castro Caycedo, Colombian author and journalist
    • 1940 – Perry Ellis, American fashion designer, founded Perry Ellis (d. 1986)
    • 1940 – Jean-Paul Proust, French-Monacan police officer and politician, 21st Minister of State of Monaco (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Mike Pender, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – George Miller, Australian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1945 – Hattie Winston, American actress
    • 1947 – Clifton Snider, American author, poet, and critic
    • 1947 – Jennifer Warnes, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1948 – Snowy White, English guitarist
    • 1949 – Ron Chernow, American historian, journalist, and author
    • 1949 – Bonnie J. Dunbar, American engineer, academic, and astronaut
    • 1949 – Jesse Jefferson, American baseball player (d. 2011)
    • 1950 – Kamal Ahmed Majumder, Bangladeshi politician
    • 1951 – Andy Murray, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1951 – Heizō Takenaka, Japanese economist and politician
    • 1952 – Rudy Fernandez, Filipino actor and producer (d. 2008)
    • 1953 – Robyn Hitchcock, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1953 – Zico, Brazilian footballer and coach
    • 1954 – Keith Fergus, American golfer
    • 1954 – John Lilley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1954 – Édouard Lock, Moroccan-Canadian dancer and choreographer
    • 1955 – Darnell Williams, English-American actor and director
    • 1956 – Zbigniew Boniek, Polish footballer and manager
    • 1956 – John Fulton Reid, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1957 – Stephen Budiansky, American historian, journalist, and author
    • 1957 – Thom Hoffman, Dutch actor and photographer
    • 1958 – Miranda Richardson, English actress
    • 1959 – Ira Glass, American radio host and producer
    • 1959 – Duško Vujošević, Montenegrin basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Neal Heaton, American baseball player and coach
    • 1961 – Mary Page Keller, American actress and producer
    • 1961 – John Matteson, American biographer
    • 1961 – Perry McCarthy, English race car driver
    • 1961 – Fatima Whitbread, English javelin thrower
    • 1962 – Glen E. Friedman, American photographer
    • 1962 – Jackie Joyner-Kersee, American heptathlete and long jumper
    • 1962 – Herschel Walker, American football player and mixed martial artist
    • 1963 – Martín Fiz, Spanish runner
    • 1963 – Khaltmaagiin Battulga, 5th President of Mongolia
    • 1964 – Raúl Alcalá, Mexican cyclist
    • 1964 – Laura Harring, Mexican-American model and actress, Miss USA 1985
    • 1964 – Glenn Kulka, Canadian ice hockey player and wrestler
    • 1965 – Dragan Stojković, Serbian footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Tone Lōc, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1966 – Timo Tolkki, Finnish guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1968 – Brian Cox, English keyboard player and physicist
    • 1968 – Brian Leetch, American ice hockey player
    • 1970 – Julie Bowen, American actress
    • 1970 – Inzamam-ul-Haq, Pakistani cricketer and coach
    • 1971 – Charlie Brooker, English journalist, producer, and author
    • 1971 – Tyler Florence, American chef and author
    • 1972 – Darren Anderton, English international footballer, midfielder and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Xavier Bettel, Luxembourger lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Luxembourg
    • 1973 – Matthew Marsden, English actor and martial artist
    • 1974 – David Faustino, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Fraser Gehrig, Australian footballer
    • 1976 – Isabel Granada, Filipino-Spanish actress (d. 2017)
    • 1976 – Keit Pentus-Rosimannus, Estonian politician, 28th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1976 – Kampamba Mulenga Chilumba, Zambian politician
    • 1977 – Ronan Keating, Irish singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1977 – Stéphane Robidas, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Buddy Valastro, American chef and television host
    • 1978 – Matt Diaz, American baseball player
    • 1979 – Albert Jorquera, Spanish footballer
    • 1980 – Mason Unck, American football player
    • 1981 – David Bailey, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Julius Malema, South African politician
    • 1981 – Emmanuel Pappoe, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1982 – Jessica Biel, American actress, singer, and producer
    • 1982 – Colton Orr, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Tolu Ogunlesi, Nigerian journalist and writer
    • 1982 – Brent Tate, Australian rugby league player
    • 1983 – Ashley Hansen, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Sarah Poewe, South African swimmer
    • 1984 – Valerio Bernabò, Italian rugby player
    • 1984 – Santonio Holmes, American football player
    • 1984 – Alexander Semin, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Jed Collins, American football player
    • 1986 – Stacie Orrico, American singer-songwriter
    • 1986 – Mehmet Topal, Turkish footballer
    • 1987 – Jesús Padilla, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Shraddha Kapoor, Indian actress, singer, and designer
    • 1988 – Teodora Mirčić, Serbian tennis player
    • 1988 – Michael Morrison, English footballer
    • 1988 – Jan-Arie van der Heijden, Dutch footballer
    • 1988 – Max Waller, English cricketer
    • 1989 – Erwin Mulder, Dutch footballer
    • 1990 – Vladimir Janković, Greek-Serbian basketball player
    • 1991 – Anri Sakaguchi, Japanese actress
    • 1991 – Cho-rong, South Korean singer
    • 1993 – Gabriela Cé, Brazilian tennis player
    • 1993 – Josef Dostál, Czech kayaker
    • 1993 – James Roberts, Australian rugby league player
    • 1994 – Umika Kawashima, Japanese singer and actress
    • 1996 – Cameron Johnson, American basketball player
    • 1997 – Camila Cabello, Cuban-American singer
    • 1998 – Jayson Tatum, American basketball player

    Deaths on March 3

    • 532 – Winwaloe, founder of Landévennec Abbey (b. c. 460)
    • 1009 – Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo, Umayyad chief minister (b. 983)
    • 1111 – Bohemond I, Italo-Norman nobleman (b. 1058)
    • 1195 – Hugh de Puiset, bishop of Durham (b. c. 1125)
    • 1239 – Vladimir IV Rurikovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1187)
    • 1311 – Antony Bek, bishop of Durham
    • 1323 – Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, English military leader
    • 1383 – Hugh III, Italian nobleman
    • 1459 – Ausiàs March, Catalan knight and poet (b. 1397)
    • 1542 – Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, illegitimate son of Edward IV
    • 1554 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1503)
    • 1578 – Sebastiano Venier, doge of Venice (b. 1496)
    • 1578 – Michael Kantakouzenos Şeytanoğlu, Ottoman Greek magnate
    • 1588 – Henry XI, duke of Legnica (b. 1539)
    • 1592 – Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)
    • 1605 – Clement VIII, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1536)
    • 1611 – William Douglas, 10th Earl of Angus, Scottish nobleman (b. 1552)
    • 1616 – Matthias de l’Obel, Flemish physician and botanist (b. 1538)
    • 1700 – Chhatrapati Rajaram, 3rd Chhatrapati of Maratha Empire (b. 1670)
    • 1703 – Robert Hooke, English architect and philosopher (b. 1635)
    • 1706 – Johann Pachelbel, German organist and composer (b. 1653)
    • 1744 – Jean Barbeyrac, French scholar and jurist (b. 1674)
    • 1765 – William Stukeley, English archaeologist and historian (b. 1687)
    • 1768 – Nicola Porpora, Italian composer and educator (b. 1686)
    • 1792 – Robert Adam, Scottish-English architect and politician, designed the Culzean Castle (b. 1728)
    • 1850 – Oliver Cowdery, American religious leader (b. 1806)
    • 1894 – Ned Williamson, American baseball player (b. 1857)
    • 1901 – George Gilman, American businessman, founded The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company (b. 1826)
    • 1905 – Antonio Annetto Caruana, Maltese archaeologist and author (b. 1830)
    • 1927 – Mikhail Artsybashev, Ukrainian author and playwright (b. 1878)
    • 1927 – J. G. Parry-Thomas, Welsh race car driver and engineer (b. 1884)
    • 1929 – Katharine Wright, American educator (b. 1874)
    • 1932 – Eugen d’Albert, Scottish-German pianist and composer (b. 1864)
    • 1943 – George Thompson, English cricketer and umpire (b. 1877)
    • 1959 – Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (b. 1906)
    • 1961 – Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-American pianist (b. 1887)
    • 1966 – Joseph Fields, American playwright, director, and producer (b. 1895)
    • 1966 – William Frawley, American actor and vaudevillian (b. 1887)
    • 1966 – Alice Pearce, American actress (b. 1917)
    • 1981 – Rebecca Lancefield, American microbiologist and researcher (b. 1895)
    • 1982 – Firaq Gorakhpuri, Indian poet and critic (b. 1896)
    • 1982 – Georges Perec, French author and screenwriter (b. 1936)
    • 1983 – Hergé, Belgian author and illustrator (b. 1907)
    • 1987 – Danny Kaye, American actor, singer, and dancer (b. 1911)
    • 1988 – Henryk Szeryng, Polish-Mexican violinist and composer (b. 1918)
    • 1988 – Sewall Wright, American biologist and geneticist (b. 1889)
    • 1990 – Charlotte Moore Sitterly, American astronomer (b. 1898)
    • 1991 – Arthur Murray, American dancer and educator (b. 1895)
    • 1991 – William Penney, Baron Penney, Gibraltar-born English mathematician, physicist, and academic (b. 1909)
    • 1993 – Mel Bradford, American author and critic (b. 1934)
    • 1993 – Carlos Marcello, Tunisian-American mob boss (b. 1910)
    • 1993 – Carlos Montoya, Spanish guitarist and composer (b. 1903)
    • 1993 – Albert Sabin, Polish-American physician and virologist (b. 1906)
    • 1994 – John Edward Williams, American author and academic (b. 1922)
    • 1995 – Howard W. Hunter, American religious leader, 14th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1907)
    • 1996 – Marguerite Duras, French author and director (b. 1914)
    • 1996 – John Krol, American cardinal (b. 1910)
    • 1998 – Fred W. Friendly, American journalist and broadcaster (b. 1915)
    • 1999 – Gerhard Herzberg, German-Canadian chemist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
    • 1999 – Lee Philips, American actor and director (b. 1927)
    • 2000 – Toni Ortelli, Italian composer and conductor (b. 1904)
    • 2001 – Louis Edmonds, American actor (b. 1923)
    • 2001 – Eugene Sledge, American soldier, author, and academic (b. 1923)
    • 2002 – G. M. C. Balayogi, Indian lawyer and politician, 12th Speaker of the Lok Sabha (b. 1951)
    • 2003 – Horst Buchholz, German actor (b. 1933)
    • 2003 – Luis Marden, American linguist, photographer, and explorer (b. 1913)
    • 2003 – Goffredo Petrassi, Italian composer and conductor (b. 1904)
    • 2005 – Max Fisher, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1928)
    • 2006 – Ivor Cutler, Scottish poet and songwriter (b. 1923)
    • 2006 – Else Fisher, Australian-Swedish dancer, choreographer, and director (b. 1918)
    • 2006 – William Herskovic, Hungarian-American humanitarian (b. 1914)
    • 2007 – Osvaldo Cavandoli, Italian cartoonist (b. 1920)
    • 2008 – Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian tenor and actor (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Norman Smith, English drummer and producer (b. 1923)
    • 2009 – Gilbert Parent, Canadian educator and politician, 33rd Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada (b. 1935)
    • 2010 – Keith Alexander, English footballer and manager (b. 1956)
    • 2010 – Michael Foot, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Employment (b. 1913)
    • 2011 – May Cutler, Canadian journalist, author, and politician (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Ralph McQuarrie, American conceptual designer and illustrator (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Ronnie Montrose, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1947)
    • 2012 – Alex Webster, American football player and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – Bobby Rogers, American singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – James Strong, Qantas CEO from 1993 to 2001 (b. 1944)
    • 2014 – Robert Ashley, American soldier and composer (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Sherwin B. Nuland, American surgeon, author, and educator (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – William R. Pogue, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Ernest Braun, Austrian-English physicist and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2015 – M. Stanton Evans, American journalist and author (b. 1934)
    • 2016 – Hayabusa, Japanese wrestler (b. 1968)
    • 2016 – Berta Cáceres, Honduran environmentalist (b. 1973)
    • 2016 – Martin Crowe, New Zealand cricketer and sportscaster (b. 1962)
    • 2016 – Thanat Khoman, Thai politician and diplomat, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1914)
    • 2016 – Sarah Tait, Australian Olympic rower (b. 1983)
    • 2017 – René Préval, Haitian politician (b. 1943)
    • 2018 – Roger Bannister, English middle-distance athlete, first man to run a four-minute mile (b. 1929)
    • 2018 – Mal Bryce, Australian politician (b. 1943)
    • 2018 – Vanessa Goodwin, Australian politician (b. 1969)
    • 2018 – David Ogden Stiers, American actor, voice actor and musician (b. 1942)
    • 2019 – Peter Hurford OBE, British organist and composer (b. 1930)
    • 2020 – Charles J. Urstadt, American real estate executive and investor (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on March 3

    • Christian feast day:
      • Anselm, Duke of Friuli
      • Arthelais
      • Cunigunde of Luxembourg
      • Katharine Drexel
      • John and Charles Wesley (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Marinus and Asterius of Caesarea
      • Winwaloe
      • March 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Hinamatsuri or “Girl’s Day” (Japan)
    • Liberation and Freedom Day (Charlottesville, Virginia, USA)
    • Liberation Day (Bulgaria)
    • Martyrs’ Day (Malawi)
    • Mother’s Day (Georgia)
    • Sportsmen’s Day (Egypt)
    • Teacher’s Day (Lebanon)
    • World Hearing Day
    • World Wildlife Day