American educator

  • July 31 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian’s forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide.
    • 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Traditional Japanese date: 6th day of the 7th month of the 1st year of the Ten’o (天応) era).
    • 1009 – Pope Sergius IV becomes the 142nd pope, succeeding Pope John XVIII.
    • 1201 – Attempted usurpation by John Komnenos the Fat for the throne of Alexios III Angelos.
    • 1423 – Hundred Years’ War: Battle of Cravant: The French army is defeated by the English at Cravant on the banks of the river Yonne.
    • 1451 – Jacques Cœur is arrested by order of Charles VII of France.
    • 1492 – The Jews are expelled from Spain when the Alhambra Decree takes effect.
    • 1498 – On his third voyage to the Western Hemisphere, Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to discover the island of Trinidad.
    • 1588 – The Spanish Armada is spotted off the coast of England.
    • 1618 – Maurice, Prince of Orange disbands the waardgelders militia in Utrecht, a pivotal event in the Remonstrant/Counter-Remonstrant tensions.
    • 1655 – Russo-Polish War (1654–67): The Russian army enters the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilnius, which it holds for six years.
    • 1658 – Aurangzeb is proclaimed Mughal emperor of India.
    • 1703 – Daniel Defoe is placed in a pillory for the crime of seditious libel after publishing a politically satirical pamphlet, but is pelted with flowers.
    • 1712 – Action of 31 July 1712 (Great Northern War): Danish and Swedish ships clash in the Baltic Sea; the result is inconclusive.
    • 1715 – Seven days after a Spanish treasure fleet of 12 ships left Havana, Cuba for Spain, 11 of them sink in a storm off the coast of Florida. A few centuries later, treasure is salvaged from these wrecks.
    • 1741 – Charles Albert of Bavaria invades Upper Austria and Bohemia.
    • 1763 – Odawa Chief Pontiac’s forces defeat British troops at the Battle of Bloody Run during Pontiac’s War.
    • 1777 – The U.S. Second Continental Congress passes a resolution that the services of Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette “be accepted, and that, in consideration of his zeal, illustrious family and connexions, he have the rank and commission of major-general of the United States.”
    • 1790 – The first U.S. patent is issued, to inventor Samuel Hopkins for a potash process.
    • 1856 – Christchurch, New Zealand is chartered as a city.
    • 1865 – The first narrow-gauge mainline railway in the world opens at Grandchester, Queensland, Australia.
    • 1874 – Dr. Patrick Francis Healy became the first African-American inaugurated as president of a predominantly white university, Georgetown University.
    • 1904 – Russo-Japanese War: Battle of Hsimucheng: Units of the Imperial Japanese Army defeat units of the Imperial Russian Army in a strategic confrontation.
    • 1913 – The Balkan States sign an armistice in Bucharest.
    • 1917 – World War I: The Battle of Passchendaele begins near Ypres in West Flanders, Belgium.
    • 1919 – German national assembly adopts the Weimar Constitution, which comes into force on August 14.
    • 1932 – The NSDAP (Nazi Party) wins more than 38% of the vote in German elections.
    • 1938 – Bulgaria signs a non-aggression pact with Greece and other states of Balkan Antanti (Turkey, Romania, Yugoslavia).
    • 1938 – Archaeologists discover engraved gold and silver plates from King Darius the Great in Persepolis.
    • 1941 – The Holocaust: Under instructions from Adolf Hitler, Nazi official Hermann Göring, orders SS General Reinhard Heydrich to “submit to me as soon as possible a general plan of the administrative material and financial measures necessary for carrying out the desired Final Solution of the Jewish question.”
    • 1941 – World War II: The Battle of Smolensk concludes with Germany capturing about 300,000 Soviet Red Army prisoners.
    • 1945 – Pierre Laval, the fugitive former leader of Vichy France, surrenders to Allied soldiers in Austria.
    • 1948 – At Idlewild Field in New York, New York International Airport (later renamed John F. Kennedy International Airport) is dedicated.
    • 1948 – USS Nevada is sunk by an aerial torpedo after surviving hits from two atomic bombs (as part of post-war tests) and being used for target practice by three other ships.
    • 1964 – Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the moon, with images 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from earth-bound telescopes.
    • 1970 – Black Tot Day: The last day of the officially sanctioned rum ration in the Royal Navy.
    • 1971 – Apollo program: Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover.
    • 1972 – The Troubles: In Operation Motorman, the British Army re-takes the urban no-go areas of Northern Ireland. It is the biggest British military operation since the Suez Crisis of 1956, and the biggest in Ireland since the Irish War of Independence. Later that day, nine civilians are killed by car bombs in the village of Claudy.
    • 1973 – A Delta Air Lines jetliner, flight DL 723 crashes while landing in fog at Logan International Airport, Boston, Massachusetts killing 89.
    • 1975 – The Troubles: three members of a popular cabaret band and two gunmen are killed during a botched paramilitary attack in Northern Ireland.
    • 1987 – A tornado occurs in Edmonton, Canada.
    • 1988 – Thirty-two people are killed and 1,674 injured when a bridge at the Sultan Abdul Halim ferry terminal collapses in Butterworth, Penang, Malaysia.
    • 1991 – The United States and Soviet Union both sign the START I Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, the first to reduce (with verification) both countries’ stockpiles.
    • 1992 – The nation of Georgia joins the United Nations.
    • 1992 – Thai Airways International Flight 311 crashes into a mountain north of Kathmandu, Nepal killing all 113 people on board.
    • 1999 – Discovery Program: Lunar Prospector: NASA intentionally crashes the spacecraft into the Moon, thus ending its mission to detect frozen water on the Moon’s surface.
    • 2006 – Fidel Castro hands over power to his brother, Raúl.
    • 2007 – Operation Banner, the presence of the British Army in Northern Ireland, and the longest-running British Army operation ever, comes to an end.
    • 2012 – Michael Phelps breaks the record set in 1964 by Larisa Latynina for the most medals won at the Olympics.
    • 2014 – Gas explosions in the southern Taiwanese city of Kaohsiung kill at least 20 people and injure more than 270.

    Births on July 31

    • 1143 – Emperor Nijō of Japan (d. 1165)
    • 1396 – Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1467)
    • 1526 – Augustus, Elector of Saxony (d. 1586)
    • 1527 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576)
    • 1595 – Philipp Wolfgang, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1641)
    • 1598 – Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (d. 1654)
    • 1686 – Charles of France, Duke of Berry (d. 1714)
    • 1702 – Jean Denis Attiret, French missionary and painter (d. 1768)
    • 1704 – Gabriel Cramer, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1752)
    • 1718 – John Canton, English physicist and academic (d. 1772)
    • 1724 – Noël François de Wailly, French lexicographer and author (d. 1801)
    • 1759 – Ignaz Anton von Indermauer, Austrian nobleman and government official (d. 1796)
    • 1777 – Pedro Ignacio de Castro Barros, Argentinian priest and politician (d. 1849)
    • 1796 – Jean-Gaspard Deburau, Czech-French actor and mime (d. 1846)
    • 1800 – Friedrich Wöhler, German chemist and academic (d. 1882)
    • 1803 – John Ericsson, Swedish-American engineer, co-designed the USS Princeton and the Novelty Locomotive (d. 1889)
    • 1816 – George Henry Thomas, American general (d. 1870)
    • 1826 – William S. Clark, American colonel and politician (d. 1886)
    • 1835 – Henri Brisson, French lawyer and politician, 50th Prime Minister of France (d. 1912)
    • 1835 – Paul Du Chaillu, French-American anthropologist and explorer (d. 1903)
    • 1836 – Vasily Sleptsov, Russian author and activist (d. 1878)
    • 1837 – William Quantrill, American captain (d. 1865)
    • 1839 – Ignacio Andrade, Venezuelan general and politician, 25th President of Venezuela (d. 1925)
    • 1843 – Peter Rosegger, Austrian poet and author (d. 1918)
    • 1847 – Ignacio Cervantes, Cuban pianist and composer (d. 1905)
    • 1854 – José Canalejas, Spanish academic and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1912)
    • 1858 – Richard Dixon Oldham, English seismologist and geologist (d. 1936)
    • 1858 – Marion Talbot, influential American educator (d. 1948)
    • 1860 – Mary Vaux Walcott, American painter and illustrator (d. 1940)
    • 1867 – S. S. Kresge, American businessman, founded Kmart (d. 1966)
    • 1875 – Jacques Villon, French painter (d. 1963)
    • 1877 – Louisa Bolus, South African botanist and taxonomist (d. 1970)
    • 1880 – Premchand, Indian author and playwright (d. 1936)
    • 1883 – Ramón Fonst, Cuban fencer (d. 1959)
    • 1884 – Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, Polish-German economist and politician (d. 1945)
    • 1886 – Salvatore Maranzano, Italian-American mob boss (d. 1931)
    • 1886 – Fred Quimby, American animation producer (d. 1965)
    • 1887 – Hans Freyer, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1969)
    • 1892 – Herbert W. Armstrong, American evangelist and publisher, founded Worldwide Church of God (d. 1986)
    • 1892 – Joseph Charbonneau, Canadian archbishop (d. 1959)
    • 1894 – Fred Keenor, Welsh footballer (d. 1972)
    • 1901 – Jean Dubuffet, French painter and sculptor (d. 1985)
    • 1902 – Gubby Allen, Australian-English cricketer and soldier (d. 1989)
    • 1904 – Brett Halliday, American engineer, surveyor, and author (d. 1977)
    • 1909 – Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, Austrian theorist and author (d. 1999)
    • 1911 – George Liberace, American violinist (d. 1983)
    • 1912 – Bill Brown, Australian cricketer (d. 2008)
    • 1912 – Milton Friedman, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
    • 1912 – Irv Kupcinet, American football player and journalist (d. 2003)
    • 1913 – Bryan Hextall, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1984)
    • 1914 – Paul J. Christiansen, American conductor and composer (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Louis de Funès, French actor and screenwriter (d. 1983)
    • 1916 – Sibte Hassan, Pakistani journalist, scholar, and activist (d. 1986)
    • 1916 – Billy Hitchcock, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Bill Todman, American screenwriter and producer (d. 1979)
    • 1918 – Paul D. Boyer, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1918 – Hank Jones, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2010)
    • 1918 – Frank Renouf, New Zealand businessman and financier (d. 1998)
    • 1919 – Hemu Adhikari, Indian cricketer (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – Curt Gowdy, American sportscaster and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1919 – Primo Levi, Italian chemist and author (d. 1987)
    • 1920 – James E. Faust, American religious leader, lawyer, and politician (d. 2007)
    • 1921 – Peter Benenson, English lawyer and activist, founded Amnesty International (d. 2005)
    • 1921 – Donald Malarkey, American sergeant and author (d. 2017)
    • 1921 – Whitney Young, American activist (d. 1971)
    • 1922 – Hank Bauer, American baseball player and manager (d. 2007)
    • 1923 – Ahmet Ertegun, Turkish-American songwriter and producer, founded Atlantic Records (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist and engineer, invented Kevlar (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Jimmy Evert, American tennis player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Carmel Quinn, Irish singer, actress and writer
    • 1925 – John Swainson, Canadian-American jurist and politician, 42nd Governor of Michigan (d. 1994)
    • 1926 – Bernard Nathanson, American physician and activist (d. 2011)
    • 1926 – Hilary Putnam, American mathematician, computer scientist, and philosopher (d. 2016)
    • 1927 – Peter Nichols, English author and playwright (d. 2019)
    • 1928 – Bill Frenzel, American lieutenant and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Lynne Reid Banks, English author
    • 1929 – Gilles Carle, Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 2009)
    • 1929 – Don Murray, American actor
    • 1929 – José Santamaría, Uruguayan footballer and manager
    • 1931 – Nick Bollettieri, American tennis player and coach
    • 1931 – Kenny Burrell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1932 – Ted Cassidy, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1979)
    • 1932 – John Searle, American philosopher and academic
    • 1933 – Cees Nooteboom, Dutch journalist, author, and poet
    • 1935 – Yvon Deschamps, Canadian comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1935 – Geoffrey Lewis, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1939 – Steuart Bedford, English pianist and conductor
    • 1939 – Susan Flannery, American actress
    • 1939 – France Nuyen, Vietnamese-French actress
    • 1941 – Amarsinh Chaudhary, Indian politician, 8th Chief Minister of Gujarat (d. 2004)
    • 1943 – William Bennett, American journalist and politician, 3rd United States Secretary of Education
    • 1943 – Lobo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1944 – Geraldine Chaplin, American actress and screenwriter
    • 1944 – Jonathan Dimbleby, English journalist and author
    • 1944 – Sherry Lansing, American film producer
    • 1944 – Robert C. Merton, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1944 – David Norris, Irish scholar and politician
    • 1945 – William Weld, American lawyer and politician, 68th Governor of Massachusetts
    • 1946 – Gary Lewis, American pop-rock musician
    • 1947 – Karl Green, English bass player and songwriter (Herman’s Hermits)
    • 1947 – Richard Griffiths, English actor (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Mumtaz, Indian actress
    • 1947 – Hubert Védrine, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1947 – Ian Beck, English children’s illustrator and author
    • 1948 – Russell Morris, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1949 – Mike Jackson, American basketball player
    • 1949 – Alan Meale, English journalist and politician
    • 1950 – Richard Berry, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1951 – Evonne Goolagong Cawley, Australian tennis player
    • 1952 – Chris Ahrens, American ice hockey player
    • 1952 – Alan Autry, American football player, actor, and politician, 23rd Mayor of Fresno, California
    • 1952 – Helmuts Balderis, Latvian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1952 – João Barreiros, Portuguese author and critic
    • 1952 – Faye Kellerman, American author
    • 1953 – Ted Baillieu, Australian architect and politician, 46th Premier of Victoria
    • 1953 – Jimmy Cook, South African cricketer and coach
    • 1953 – Hugh McDowell, English cellist
    • 1954 – Derek Smith, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1956 – Michael Biehn, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Bill Callahan, American football player and coach
    • 1956 – Ron Kuby, American lawyer and radio host
    • 1956 – Deval Patrick, American lawyer and politician, 71st Governor of Massachusetts
    • 1956 – Lynne Rae Perkins, American author and illustrator
    • 1957 – Daniel Ash, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1957 – Mark Thompson, English business executive
    • 1958 – Bill Berry, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1958 – Mark Cuban, American businessman and television personality
    • 1958 – Suzanne Giraud, French music editor and composer
    • 1959 – Stanley Jordan, American guitarist, pianist, and songwriter
    • 1959 – Andrew Marr, Scottish journalist and author
    • 1959 – Kim Newman, English journalist and author
    • 1960 – Dale Hunter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1960 – Malcolm Ross, Scottish guitarist and songwriter
    • 1961 – Frank Gardner, English captain and journalist
    • 1961 – Sanusi Lamido Sanusi, Nigerian banker, royal
    • 1962 – John Chiang, American lawyer and politician, 31st California State Controller
    • 1962 – Kevin Greene, American football player and coach
    • 1962 – Wesley Snipes, American actor and producer
    • 1963 – Norman Cook (Fatboy Slim), English DJ and musician
    • 1963 – Fergus Henderson, English chef and author
    • 1963 – Brian Skrudland, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1964 – Jim Corr, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1964 – Urmas Hepner, Estonian footballer and coach
    • 1965 – Scott Brooks, American basketball player and coach
    • 1965 – John Laurinaitis, American wrestler and producer
    • 1965 – Ian Roberts, English-Australian rugby league player and actor
    • 1965 – J. K. Rowling, English author and film producer
    • 1966 – Dean Cain, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Tony Massenburg, American basketball player
    • 1967 – Tim Wright, Welsh composer
    • 1968 – Saeed-Al-Saffar, Emirati cricketer
    • 1968 – Julian Richards, Welsh director and producer
    • 1969 – Antonio Conte, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1969 – Loren Dean, American actor
    • 1969 – Kenneth D. Schisler, American lawyer and politician
    • 1970 – Ahmad Akbarpour, Iranian author and poet
    • 1970 – Ben Chaplin, English actor
    • 1970 – Andrzej Kobylański, Polish footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Giorgos Sigalas, Greek basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Gus Frerotte, American football player and coach
    • 1973 – Nathan Brown, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1974 – Emilia Fox, English actress
    • 1974 – Leona Naess, American-English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Jonathan Ogden, American football player
    • 1975 – Randy Flores, American baseball player and coach
    • 1975 – Andrew Hall, South African cricketer
    • 1975 – Gabe Kapler, American baseball player and manager
    • 1976 – Joshua Cain, American guitarist and producer
    • 1976 – Paulo Wanchope, Costa Rican footballer and manager
    • 1978 – Zac Brown, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Nick Sorensen, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Justin Wilson, English race car driver (d. 2015)
    • 1979 – Jaco Erasmus, South African-Italian rugby player
    • 1979 – J.J. Furmaniak, American baseball player
    • 1979 – Per Krøldrup, Danish footballer
    • 1979 – Carlos Marchena, Spanish footballer
    • 1979 – B.J. Novak, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Mikko Hirvonen, Finnish race car driver
    • 1980 – Mils Muliaina, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1981 – Titus Bramble, English footballer
    • 1981 – Vernon Carey, American football player
    • 1981 – Paul Whatuira, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1981 – M. Shadows, American musician, lead singer of Avenged Sevenfold
    • 1982 – Anabel Medina Garrigues, Spanish tennis player
    • 1982 – DeMarcus Ware, American football player
    • 1985 – Daniel Ciofani, Italian footballer
    • 1985 – Rémy Di Gregorio, French cyclist
    • 1986 – Evgeni Malkin, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Brian Orakpo, American football player
    • 1987 – Michael Bradley, American soccer player
    • 1988 – Alex Glenn, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1989 – Victoria Azarenka, Belorussian tennis player
    • 1991 – Réka Luca Jani, Hungarian tennis player
    • 1992 – José Fernández, Cuban baseball player (d. 2016)
    • 1992 – Ryan Johansen, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Kyle Larson, American race car driver
    • 1994 – Lil Uzi Vert, American hip hop artist

    Deaths on July 31

    • 54 BC – Aurelia Cotta, Roman mother of Gaius Julius Caesar (b. 120 BC)
    • 450 – Peter Chrysologus, Italian bishop and saint (b. 380)
    • 910 – Feng Xingxi, Chinese warlord
    • 975 – Fu Yanqing, Chinese general (b. 898)
    • 1098 – Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury
    • 1358 – Étienne Marcel, French rebel leader (b. 1302)
    • 1396 – William Courtenay, English archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (b. 1342)
    • 1508 – Na’od, Ethiopian emperor
    • 1556 – Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish priest and theologian, founded the Society of Jesus (b. 1491)
    • 1616 – Roger Wilbraham, Solicitor-General for Ireland (b. 1553)
    • 1638 – Sibylla Schwarz, German poet (b. 1621)
    • 1653 – Thomas Dudley, English soldier and politician, 3rd Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (b. 1576)
    • 1693 – Willem Kalf, Dutch still life painter (b. 1619)
    • 1726 – Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and theorist (b. 1695)
    • 1750 – John V, king of Portugal (b. 1689)
    • 1762 – Luis Vicente de Velasco e Isla, Spanish sailor and commander (b. 1711)
    • 1781 – John Bligh, 3rd Earl of Darnley, British parliamentarian (b. 1719)
    • 1784 – Denis Diderot, French philosopher and critic (b. 1713)
    • 1805 – Dheeran Chinnamalai, Indian soldier (b. 1756)
    • 1864 – Louis Christophe François Hachette, French publisher (b. 1800)
    • 1875 – Andrew Johnson, American general and politician, 17th President of the United States (b. 1808)
    • 1884 – Kiến Phúc, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1869)
    • 1886 – Franz Liszt, Hungarian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1811)
    • 1891 – Jean-Baptiste Capronnier, Belgian stained glass painter (b. 1814)
    • 1913 – John Milne, British geologist and mining engineer. (b. 1850)
    • 1914 – Jean Jaurès, French journalist and politician (b. 1859)
    • 1917 – Hedd Wyn, Welsh language poet (b. 1887)
    • 1917 – Francis Ledwidge, Irish soldier and poet (b. 1881)
    • 1920 – Ion Dragoumis, Greek philosopher and diplomat (b. 1878)
    • 1940 – Udham Singh, Indian activist (b. 1899)
    • 1943 – Hedley Verity, English cricketer and soldier (b. 1905)
    • 1942 – Francis Younghusband, British Army Officer, explorer and spiritual writer (b.1863)
    • 1944 – Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, French pilot and poet (b. 1900)
    • 1953 – Robert A. Taft, American soldier and politician (b. 1889)
    • 1954 – Onofre Marimón, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1923)
    • 1958 – Eino Kaila, Finnish philosopher and psychologist, attendant of the Vienna circle (b. 1890)
    • 1964 – Jim Reeves, American singer-songwriter (b. 1923)
    • 1966 – Bud Powell, American pianist (b. 1924)
    • 1968 – Jack Pizzey, Australian politician, 29th Premier of Queensland (b. 1911)
    • 1971 – Walter P. Carter, American soldier and activist (b. 1923)
    • 1972 – Paul-Henri Spaak, Belgian lawyer and politician, 40th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1899)
    • 1973 – Azumafuji Kin’ichi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 40th Yokozuna (b. 1921)
    • 1979 – Beatrix Lehmann, English actress and director (b. 1903)
    • 1980 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist, author, and academic (b. 1902)
    • 1980 – Mohammed Rafi, Indian playback singer (b. 1924)
    • 1981 – Omar Torrijos, Panamanian general and politician, Military Leader of Panama (b. 1929)
    • 1985 – Eugene Carson Blake, American religious leader (b. 1906)
    • 1986 – Chiune Sugihara, Japanese diplomat (b. 1900)
    • 1987 – Joseph E. Levine, American film producer (b, 1905)
    • 1990 – Albert Leduc, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1902)
    • 1992 – Leonard Cheshire, English captain and pilot (b. 1917)
    • 1992 – Md. Abdul Wajed Chowdhury, Bangladeshi politician.
    • 1993 – Baudouin, King of Belgium (b. 1930)
    • 2000 – William Keepers Maxwell Jr., American editor, novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1908)
    • 2001 – Francisco da Costa Gomes, Portuguese general and politician, 15th President of Portugal (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Friedrich Franz, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b. 1910)
    • 2003 – Guido Crepax, Italian author and illustrator (b. 1933)
    • 2004 – Virginia Grey, American actress (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Wim Duisenberg, Dutch economist and politician, 1st President of the European Central Bank (b. 1935)
    • 2009 – Bobby Robson, English footballer and manager (b. 1933)
    • 2009 – Harry Alan Towers, English-Canadian screenwriter and producer (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Mollie Hunter, Scottish author and playwright (b. 1922)
    • 2012 – Alfredo Ramos, Brazilian footballer and coach (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Gore Vidal, American novelist, screenwriter, and critic (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Tony Sly, American musician, singer-songwriter (b. 1970)
    • 2013 – Michael Ansara, Syrian-American actor (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Michel Donnet, English-Belgian general and pilot (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – John Graves, American captain and author (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Trevor Storer, English businessman, founded Pukka Pies (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Warren Bennis, American scholar, author, and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Nabarun Bhattacharya, Indian journalist and author (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Jeff Bourne, English footballer (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Wilfred Feinberg, American lawyer and judge (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Alan Cheuse, American writer and critic (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Howard W. Jones, American surgeon and academic (b. 1910)
    • 2015 – Billy Pierce, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Roddy Piper, Canadian wrestler and actor (b. 1954)
    • 2015 – Richard Schweiker, American soldier and politician, 14th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services (b. 1926)
    • 2016 – Chiyonofuji Mitsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 58th Yokozuna (b. 1955)
    • 2016 – Seymour Papert, South African mathematician (b. 1928)
    • 2017 – Jeanne Moreau, French actress (b. 1928)
    • 2018 – Tony Bullimore, British sailor & businessman (b. 1939)
    • 2019 – Harold Prince, noted Broadway producer and director, who received more Tony awards than anyone else in history (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on July 31

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abanoub
      • Germanus of Auxerre
      • Ignatius of Loyola
      • Neot
      • July 31 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which the Feast of Kamál (Perfection) can fall, while August 1 is the latest; observed on the first day of the eighth month of the Bahá’í calendar. (Bahá’í Faith)
    • End of the Trinity term (sitting of the High Court of Justice of England)
    • Ka Hae Hawaiʻi Day (Hawaii, United States), and its related observance:
      • Sovereignty Restoration Day (Hawaiian sovereignty movement)
    • Martyrdom Day of Shahid Udham Singh (Haryana and Punjab, India)
    • Treasury Day (Poland)
    • Warriors’ Day (Malaysia)

  • July 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
    • 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Stefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.
    • 1202 – Georgian–Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basian the Kingdom of Georgia defeats the Sultanate of Rum.
    • 1214 – Battle of Bouvines: Philip II of France decisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England’s Angevin Empire.
    • 1299 – According to Edward Gibbon, Osman I invades the territory of Nicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding day of the Ottoman state.
    • 1302 – Battle of Bapheus: Decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.
    • 1549 – The Jesuit priest Francis Xavier’s ship reaches Japan.
    • 1663 – The English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports. After the Acts of Union 1707, Scotland would be included in the Act.
    • 1689 – Glorious Revolution: The Battle of Killiecrankie is a victory for the Jacobites.
    • 1694 – A Royal charter is granted to the Bank of England.
    • 1775 – Founding of the U.S. Army Medical Department: The Second Continental Congress passes legislation establishing “an hospital for an army consisting of 20,000 men.”
    • 1778 – American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant: British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
    • 1789 – The first U.S. federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).
    • 1794 – French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 “enemies of the Revolution”.
    • 1816 – Battle of Negro Fort: The battle ends when a hot shot cannonball fired by US Navy Gunboat No. 154 explodes the Fort’s Powder Magazine, killing approximately 275. It is considered the deadliest single cannon shot in US history.
    • 1857 – Siege of Arrah begins: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
    • 1865 – Welsh settlers arrive at Chubut in Argentina.
    • 1866 – The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart’s Content, Newfoundland.
    • 1880 – Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand: Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khan defeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
    • 1890 – Vincent van Gogh shoots himself and dies two days later.
    • 1900 – Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, “Hun” would be a disparaging name for Germans.
    • 1917 – World War I: The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.
    • 1919 – The Chicago Race Riot erupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.
    • 1921 – Researchers at the University of Toronto, led by biochemist Frederick Banting, prove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.
    • 1929 – The Geneva Convention of 1929, dealing with treatment of prisoners-of-war, is signed by 53 nations.
    • 1940 – The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.
    • 1942 – World War II: Allied forces successfully halt the final Axis advance into Egypt.
    • 1949 – Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
    • 1953 – Cessation of hostilities is achieved in the Korean War when the United States, China, and North Korea sign an armistice agreement. Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea, refuses to sign but pledges to observe the armistice.
    • 1955 – The Austrian State Treaty restores Austrian sovereignty.
    • 1955 – El Al Flight 402 is shot down by two fighter jets after straying into Bulgarian air space. All 58 people onboard are killed.
    • 1959 – The Continental League is announced as baseball’s “3rd major league” in the United States.
    • 1964 – Vietnam War: Five thousand more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnam bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
    • 1974 – Watergate scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committee votes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment (for obstruction of justice) against President Richard Nixon.
    • 1975 – Mayor of Jaffna and former MP Alfred Duraiappah is shot dead.
    • 1976 – Former Japanese prime minister Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws in connection with the Lockheed bribery scandals.
    • 1981 – While landing at Chihuahua International Airport, Aeromexico Flight 230 overshoots the runway. Thirty-two of the 66 passengers and crew on board the DC-9 are killed.[2]
    • 1983 – Black July: Eighteen Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by Sinhalese prisoners, the second such massacre in two days.
    • 1987 – RMS Titanic Inc. begins the first expedited salvage of wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
    • 1989 – While attempting to land at Tripoli International Airport in Libya, Korean Air Flight 803 crashes just short of the runway. Seventy-five of the 199 passengers and crew and four people on the ground are killed, in the second accident involving a DC-10 in less than two weeks, the first being United Airlines Flight 232.
    • 1990 – The Supreme Soviet of the Belarusian Soviet Republic declares independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union. Until 1996 the day is celebrated as the Independence Day of Belarus; after a referendum held that year the celebration of independence is moved to June 3.
    • 1990 – The Jamaat al Muslimeen attempt a coup d’état in Trinidad and Tobago.
    • 1995 – The Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
    • 1996 – In Atlanta, United States, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics.
    • 1997 – About 50 people are killed in the Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria.
    • 2002 – Ukraine airshow disaster: A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes during an air show at Lviv, Ukraine killing 77 and injuring more than 500 others, making it the deadliest air show disaster in history.
    • 2005 – After an incident during STS-114, NASA grounds the Space Shuttle, pending an investigation of the continuing problem with the shedding of foam insulation from the external fuel tank.
    • 2015 – At least seven people are killed and many injured after gunmen attack an Indian police station in Punjab.
    • 2016 – At a news conference in Florida, U.S. Presidential Candidate Donald Trump publicly appealed to Russia to find and release private emails from Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton; a Special Counsel investigation (2017–2019) later alleged that Russian operatives began hacking into servers at the Democratic National Committee on that same day, leading to the July 13, 2018 indictment of 12 Russian intelligence officers.[3]

    Births on July 27

    • 1452 – Ludovico Sforza, Italian son of Francesco I Sforza (d. 1508)
    • 1452 – Lucrezia Crivelli, mistress of Ludovico Sforza (d. 1508)
    • 1502 – Francesco Corteccia, Italian composer (d. 1571)
    • 1578 – Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond (d. 1639)
    • 1612 – Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1640)
    • 1625 – Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich (d. 1672)
    • 1667 – Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and academic (d. 1748)
    • 1733 – Jeremiah Dixon, English surveyor and astronomer (d. 1779)
    • 1740 – Jeanne Baré, French explorer (d. 1803)
    • 1741 – François-Hippolyte Barthélémon, French-English violinist and composer (d. 1808)
    • 1752 – Samuel Smith, American general and politician (d. 1839)
    • 1768 – Charlotte Corday, French assassin of Jean-Paul Marat (d. 1793)
    • 1768 – Joseph Anton Koch, Austrian painter (d. 1839)
    • 1773 – Jacob Aall, Norwegian economist and politician (d. 1844)
    • 1777 – Thomas Campbell, Scottish-French poet and academic (d. 1844)
    • 1777 – Henry Trevor, 21st Baron Dacre, English general (d. 1853)
    • 1781 – Mauro Giuliani, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1828)
    • 1784 – Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (d. 1839)
    • 1812 – Thomas Lanier Clingman, American general and politician (d. 1897)
    • 1818 – Agostino Roscelli, Italian priest and saint (d. 1902)
    • 1824 – Alexandre Dumas, fils, French novelist and playwright (d. 1895)
    • 1833 – Thomas George Bonney, English geologist, mountaineer, and academic (d. 1923)
    • 1834 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian admiral (d. 1879)
    • 1835 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian poet and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
    • 1848 – Loránd Eötvös, Hungarian physicist and politician, Minister of Education of Hungary (d. 1919)
    • 1848 – Friedrich Ernst Dorn, German physicist (d.1916)
    • 1853 – Vladimir Korolenko, Ukrainian journalist, author, and activist (d. 1921)
    • 1853 – Elizabeth Plankinton, American philanthropist (d. 1923)
    • 1854 – Takahashi Korekiyo, Japanese accountant and politician, 20th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1936)
    • 1857 – José Celso Barbosa, Puerto Rican physician, sociologist, and politician (d. 1921)
    • 1857 – Ernest Alfred Thompson Wallis Budge, English Egyptologist, Orientalist, and philologist (d.1934)
    • 1858 – George Lyon, Canadian golfer and cricketer (d. 1938)
    • 1866 – António José de Almeida, Portuguese physician and politician, 6th President of Portugal (d. 1929)
    • 1867 – Enrique Granados, Spanish pianist and composer (d. 1916)
    • 1870 – Hilaire Belloc, French-born British writer and historian (d. 1953)
    • 1872 – Stanislav Binički, Serbian composer, conductor, and pedagogue. (d. 1942)
    • 1879 – Francesco Gaeta, Italian poet (d. 1927)
    • 1877 – Ernő Dohnányi, Hungarian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1960)
    • 1881 – Hans Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1945)
    • 1882 – Geoffrey de Havilland, English pilot and engineer, founded the de Havilland Aircraft Company (d. 1965)
    • 1886 – Ernst May, German architect and urban planner (d. 1970)
    • 1889 – Vera Karalli, Russian ballerina, choreographer, and actress (d. 1972)
    • 1890 – Benjamin Miessner, American radio engineer and inventor (d. 1976)
    • 1890 – Armas Taipale, Finnish discus thrower and shot putter (d. 1976)
    • 1891 – Jacob van der Hoeden, Dutch-Israeli veterinarian and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1893 – Ugo Agostoni, Italian cyclist (d. 1941)
    • 1894 – Mientje Kling, Dutch actress (d. 1966)
    • 1896 – Robert George, Scottish air marshal and politician, 24th Governor of South Australia (d. 1967)
    • 1896 – Henri Longchambon, French lawyer and politician (d. 1969)
    • 1899 – Percy Hornibrook, Australian cricketer (d. 1976)
    • 1902 – Yaroslav Halan, Ukrainian playwright and publicist (d. 1949)
    • 1903 – Nikolay Cherkasov, Russian actor (d. 1966)
    • 1903 – Michail Stasinopoulos, Greek jurist and politician, President of Greece (d. 2002)
    • 1903 – Mārtiņš Zīverts, Latvian playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1904 – Lyudmila Rudenko, Soviet chess player (d. 1986)
    • 1905 – Leo Durocher, American baseball player and manager (d. 1991)
    • 1906 – Jerzy Giedroyc, Polish author and activist (d. 2000)
    • 1906 – Herbert Jasper, Canadian psychologist and neurologist (d. 1999)
    • 1907 – Ross Alexander, American stage and film actor (d. 1937)
    • 1907 – Carl McClellan Hill, African American educator and academic administrator (d. 1995)
    • 1907 – Irene Fischer, Austrian-American geodesist and mathematician (d. 2009)
    • 1908 – Joseph Mitchell, American journalist and author (d. 1996)
    • 1910 – Julien Gracq, French author and critic (d. 2007)
    • 1910 – Lupita Tovar, Mexican-American actress (d. 2016)
    • 1911 – Rayner Heppenstall, English author and poet (d. 1981)
    • 1912 – Vernon Elliott, English bassoon player, composer, and conductor (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – George L. Street III, American captain, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2000)
    • 1914 – August Sang, Estonian poet and translator (d. 1969)
    • 1915 – Mario Del Monaco, Italian tenor (d. 1982)
    • 1915 – Josef Priller, German colonel and pilot (d. 1961)
    • 1916 – Elizabeth Hardwick, American literary critic, novelist, and short story writer (d. 2007)
    • 1916 – Skippy Williams, American saxophonist and arranger (d. 1994)
    • 1916 – Keenan Wynn, American actor (d. 1986)
    • 1918 – Leonard Rose, American cellist and educator (d. 1984)
    • 1920 – Henry D. “Homer” Haynes, American comedian and musician (Homer and Jethro) (d. 1971)
    • 1921 – Garry Davis, American pilot and activist, created the World Passport (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Émile Genest, Canadian-American actor (d. 2003)
    • 1922 – Adolfo Celi, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1922 – Norman Lear, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1923 – Mas Oyama, South Korean-Japanese martial artist (d. 1994)
    • 1924 – Vincent Canby, American historian and critic (d. 2000)
    • 1924 – Otar Taktakishvili, Georgian composer and conductor (d. 1989)
    • 1927 – Guy Carawan, American singer and musicologist (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Pierre Granier-Deferre, French director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Will Jordan, American comedian and actor (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – C. Rajadurai, Sri Lankan journalist and politician, 1st Mayor of Batticaloa
    • 1927 – John Seigenthaler, American journalist and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1928 – Joseph Kittinger, American colonel and pilot
    • 1929 – Jean Baudrillard, French sociologist and philosopher (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Harvey Fuqua, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1929 – Jack Higgins, English author and academic
    • 1929 – Marc Wilkinson, French-Australian composer and conductor
    • 1930 – Joy Whitby, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1930 – Shirley Williams, English academic and politician, Secretary of State for Education
    • 1931 – Khieu Samphan, Cambodian academic and politician, 28th Prime Minister of Cambodia
    • 1931 – Jerry Van Dyke, American actor (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Forest Able, American basketball player
    • 1932 – Diane Webber, American model, dancer and actress
    • 1933 – Nick Reynolds, American singer and bongo player (d. 2008)
    • 1933 – Ted Whitten, Australian footballer and journalist (d. 1995)
    • 1935 – Hillar Kärner, Estonian chess player
    • 1935 – Billy McCullough, Northern Irish footballer
    • 1936 – J. Robert Hooper, American businessman and politician (d. 2008)
    • 1937 – Anna Dawson, English actress and singer
    • 1937 – Don Galloway, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1937 – Robert Holmes à Court, South African-Australian businessman and lawyer (d. 1990)
    • 1938 – Gary Gygax, American game designer, co-created Dungeons & Dragons (d. 2008)
    • 1939 – William Eggleston, American photographer and academic
    • 1939 – Michael Longley, Northern Irish poet and academic
    • 1939 – Paulo Silvino, Brazilian comedian, composer and actor (d. 2017)
    • 1940 – Pina Bausch, German dancer and choreographer (d. 2009)
    • 1941 – Christian Boesch, Austrian opera singer
    • 1941 – Johannes Fritsch, German viola player and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1942 – Édith Butler, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1942 – John Pleshette, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1942 – Dennis Ralston, American tennis player
    • 1943 – Jeremy Greenstock, English diplomat, British Ambassador to the United Nations
    • 1944 – Bobbie Gentry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1944 – Jean-Marie Leblanc, French cyclist and journalist
    • 1944 – Barbara Thomson, English saxophonist and composer
    • 1945 – Edmund M. Clarke, American computer scientist
    • 1946 – Peter Reading, English poet and author (d. 2011)
    • 1947 – Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese businessman (d. 2008)
    • 1947 – Betty Thomas, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1948 – Peggy Fleming, American figure skater and sportscaster
    • 1948 – James Munby, English lawyer and judge
    • 1948 – Henny Vrienten, Dutch singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1949 – Maury Chaykin, American-Canadian actor (d. 2010)
    • 1949 – André Dupont, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1949 – Rory MacDonald, Scottish singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1949 – Maureen McGovern, American singer and actress
    • 1949 – Robert Rankin, English author and illustrator
    • 1950 – Simon Jones, English actor
    • 1951 – Roseanna Cunningham, Scottish lawyer and politician, Minister for Community Safety and Legal Affairs
    • 1951 – Bob Diamond, American-English banker and businessman
    • 1951 – Rolf Thung, Dutch tennis player
    • 1952 – Marvin Barnes, American basketball player (d. 2014)
    • 1952 – Roxanne Hart, American actress
    • 1953 – Chung Dong-young, South Korean journalist and politician, 31st South Korean Minister of Unification
    • 1953 – Yahoo Serious, Australian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Philippe Alliot, French race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1954 – G. S. Bali, Indian lawyer and politician
    • 1954 – Ricardo Uceda, Peruvian journalist and author
    • 1954 – Mark Stanway, English keyboard player Magnum
    • 1955 – Cat Bauer, American journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1955 – Allan Border, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1955 – John Howell, English journalist and politician
    • 1955 – Bobby Rondinelli, American drummer
    • 1956 – Carol Leifer, American actress, comedian, screenwriter, and producer
    • 1957 – Bill Engvall, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1958 – Christopher Dean, English figure skater and choreographer
    • 1958 – Kimmo Hakola, Finnish composer
    • 1959 – Joe DeSa, American baseball player (d. 1986)
    • 1959 – Hugh Green, American football player
    • 1959 – Yiannos Papantoniou, French-Greek economist and politician, Greek Minister of National Defence
    • 1960 – Jo Durie, English tennis player and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Conway Savage, Australian singer-songwriter and keyboard player (d. 2018)
    • 1960 – Emily Thornberry, English lawyer and politician
    • 1961 – Ed Orgeron, American football coach[4]
    • 1962 – Neil Brooks, Australian swimmer
    • 1962 – Karl Mueller, American bass player (d. 2005)
    • 1963 – Donnie Yen, Chinese-Hong Kong actor, director, producer, and martial artist
    • 1964 – Rex Brown, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1965 – José Luis Chilavert, Paraguayan footballer
    • 1966 – Steve Tilson, English footballer and manager
    • 1967 – Rahul Bose, Indian journalist, actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Juliana Hatfield, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1967 – Hans Mathisen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
    • 1967 – Neil Smith, English cricketer
    • 1967 – Craig Wolanin, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1968 – Maria Grazia Cucinotta, Italian actress and producer
    • 1968 – Tom Goodwin, American baseball player and coach
    • 1968 – Sabina Jeschke, Swedish-German engineer and academic
    • 1968 – Julian McMahon, Australian actor and producer
    • 1968 – Ricardo Rosset, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1969 – Triple H, American wrestler and actor
    • 1969 – Jonty Rhodes, South African cricketer and coach
    • 1970 – Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Danish actor and producer
    • 1970 – David Davies, English-Welsh politician
    • 1971 – Matthew Johns, Australian rugby league player, sportscaster and television host
    • 1972 – Clint Robinson, Australian kayaker[5]
    • 1972 – Maya Rudolph, American actress
    • 1972 – Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysian surgeon and astronaut
    • 1973 – Cassandra Clare, American journalist and author
    • 1973 – Erik Nys, Belgian long jumper
    • 1973 – Gorden Tallis, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1974 – Eason Chan, Hong Kong singer, actor, and producer
    • 1974 – Pete Yorn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Serkan Çeliköz, Turkish keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1975 – Shea Hillenbrand, American baseball player
    • 1975 – Fred Mascherino, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Alessandro Pistone, Italian footballer
    • 1975 – Alex Rodriguez, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Demis Hassabis, English computer scientist and academic
    • 1976 – Scott Mason, Australian cricketer (d. 2005)
    • 1977 – Foo Swee Chin, Singaporean illustrator
    • 1977 – Björn Dreyer, German footballer
    • 1977 – Jonathan Rhys Meyers, Irish actor
    • 1978 – Diarmuid O’Sullivan, Irish hurler and manager
    • 1979 – Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician, feminist, and human rights activist (d. 2018)
    • 1979 – Jorge Arce, Mexican boxer
    • 1979 – Sidney Govou, French footballer
    • 1979 – Shannon Moore, American wrestler and singer
    • 1980 – Allan Davis, Australian cyclist
    • 1980 – Wesley Gonzales, Filipino basketball player
    • 1981 – Susan King Borchardt, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Collins Obuya, Kenyan cricketer
    • 1981 – Dash Snow, American painter and photographer (d. 2009)
    • 1981 – Christopher Weselek, German rugby player
    • 1982 – Neil Harbisson, English-Catalan painter, composer, and activist
    • 1983 – Lorik Cana, Albanian footballer
    • 1983 – Martijn Maaskant, Dutch cyclist
    • 1983 – Goran Pandev, Macedonian footballer
    • 1983 – Soccor Velho, Indian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1984 – Antoine Bethea, American football player
    • 1984 – Tsuyoshi Nishioka, Japanese baseball player
    • 1984 – Max Scherzer, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Taylor Schilling, American actress
    • 1984 – Kenny Wormald, American actor, dancer, and choreographer
    • 1985 – Husain Abdullah, American football player
    • 1985 – Matteo Pratichetti, Italian rugby player
    • 1985 – Ajmal Shahzad, English cricketer
    • 1986 – DeMarre Carroll, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Ryan Flaherty, American baseball player
    • 1986 – Ryan Griffen, Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Jacoby Ford, American football player
    • 1987 – Marek Hamšík, Slovak footballer
    • 1987 – Jordan Hill, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Sarah Parsons, American ice hockey player
    • 1988 – Adam Biddle, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Yoervis Medina, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1988 – Ryan Tannehill, American football player
    • 1989 – Maya Ali, Pakistani actress
    • 1990 – Nick Hogan, American race car driver and actor
    • 1990 – Paolo Hurtado, Peruvian footballer
    • 1990 – Cheyenne Kimball, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1990 – Stephen Li-Chung Kuo, Taiwanese-American figure skater
    • 1990 – Kriti Sanon, Indian actress
    • 1991 – Rena Matsui, Japanese actress and singer
    • 1993 – Reagan Campbell-Gillard, Australian rugby league player
    • 1993 – Max Power, English footballer
    • 1993 – Jordan Spieth, American golfer
    • 2001 – Shin Ki-joon, South Korean actor

    Deaths on July 27

    • 903 – Abdallah II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir
    • 959 – Chai Rong, emperor of Later Zhou
    • 1144 – Salomea of Berg, High Duchess consort of Poland[6]
    • 1061 – Nicholas II, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 1101 – Conrad II, king of Italy (b. 1074)
    • 1101 – Hugh d’Avranches, Earl of Chester (b. c. 1047)
    • 1158 – Geoffrey VI, Count of Anjou (b. 1134)
    • 1276 – James I of Aragon (b. 1208)
    • 1365 – Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (b. 1339)
    • 1382 – Joanna I of Naples (b. 1326)
    • 1510 – Giovanni Sforza, Italian condottiere (b. 1466)
    • 1469 – William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (b. 1423)
    • 1656 – Salomo Glassius, German theologian and critic (b. 1593)
    • 1675 – Henri de la Tour d’Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, French general (b. 1611)
    • 1689 – John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee, Scottish general (b. c. 1648)[7]
    • 1759 – Pierre Louis Maupertuis, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1698)
    • 1770 – Robert Dinwiddie, Scottish merchant and politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1693)
    • 1841 – Mikhail Lermontov, Russian poet and painter (b. 1814)
    • 1844 – John Dalton, English physicist, meteorologist, and chemist (b. 1776)
    • 1863 – William Lowndes Yancey, American journalist and politician (b. 1813)
    • 1865 – Jean-Joseph Dassy, French painter and lithographer (b. 1791)
    • 1875 – Aleksander Kunileid, Estonian composer and educator (b. 1845)
    • 1876 – Albertus van Raalte, Dutch-born American minister and author (b. 1811)
    • 1883 – Montgomery Blair, American lieutenant and politician, 20th United States Postmaster General (b. 1813)
    • 1916 – Charles Fryatt, English captain (b. 1872)
    • 1916 – William Jonas, English footballer (d. 1890)
    • 1917 – Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1841)
    • 1921 – Myrddin Fardd, Welsh writer and antiquarian scholar (b. 1836)
    • 1924 – Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1866)
    • 1931 – Auguste Forel, Swiss neuroanatomist and psychiatrist (b. 1848)
    • 1938 – Tom Crean, Irish seaman and explorer (b. 1877)
    • 1941 – Alfred Henry O’Keeffe, New Zealand painter and educator (b. 1858)
    • 1942 – Karl Pärsimägi, Estonian painter (b. 1902)
    • 1946 – Gertrude Stein, American novelist, poet, and playwright (b. 1874)
    • 1948 – Woolf Barnato, English race car driver and businessman (b. 1898)
    • 1948 – Joe Tinker, American baseball player and manager (b. 1880)
    • 1948 – Dorothea Bleek, South African anthropologist and philologist (b. 1873)
    • 1951 – Paul Kogerman, Estonian chemist and politician, 22nd Estonian Minister of Education (b. 1891)
    • 1958 – Claire Lee Chennault, American general and pilot (b. 1893)
    • 1960 – Julie Vinter Hansen, Danish-Swiss astronomer and academic (b. 1890)
    • 1962 – Richard Aldington, English poet and author (b. 1892)
    • 1962 – James H. Kindelberger, American pilot and businessman (b. 1895)
    • 1963 – Hooks Dauss, American baseball player (b. 1889)
    • 1963 – Garrett Morgan, African-American inventor (b. 1877)
    • 1964 – Winifred Lenihan, American actress, writer, and director (b. 1898)
    • 1965 – Daniel-Rops, French historian and author (b. 1901)
    • 1968 – Babe Adams, American baseball player and manager (b. 1882)
    • 1970 – António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese economist and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1889)
    • 1971 – Charlie Tully, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1924)
    • 1975 – Alfred Duraiappah, Sri Lankan Tamil lawyer and politician (d. 1926)
    • 1978 – Bob Heffron, New Zealand-Australian miner and politician, 30th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1890)
    • 1978 – Willem van Otterloo, Dutch cellist, composer, and conductor (b. 1907)
    • 1980 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Iranian king (b. 1919)
    • 1981 – William Wyler, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1902)
    • 1984 – James Mason, English actor (b. 1909)
    • 1985 – Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball player and coach (b. 1889)
    • 1987 – Travis Jackson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1903)
    • 1988 – Frank Zamboni, American inventor and businessman, founded the Zamboni Company (b. 1901)
    • 1990 – Bobby Day, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1928)
    • 1990 – René Toribio, Guadeloupean politician (b. 1912)
    • 1991 – John Friedrich, German-Australian engineer and conman (b. 1950)
    • 1992 – Max Dupain, Australian photographer and educator (b. 1911)
    • 1992 – Tzeni Karezi, Greek actress and screenwriter
    • 1993 – Reggie Lewis, American basketball player (b. 1965)
    • 1994 – Kevin Carter, South African photographer and journalist (b. 1960)
    • 1995 – Melih Esenbel, Turkish politician and diplomat, 20th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1915)
    • 1995 – Rick Ferrell, American baseball player and coach (b. 1905)
    • 1995 – Miklós Rózsa, Hungarian-American composer and conductor (b. 1907)
    • 1998 – Binnie Barnes, English-American actress (b. 1903)
    • 1999 – Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov, Russian mathematician, physicist, and mountaineer (b. 1912)
    • 1999 – Harry Edison, American trumpet player (b. 1915)
    • 2000 – Gordon Solie, American sportscaster (b. 1929)
    • 2001 – Rhonda Sing, Canadian wrestler (b. 1961)
    • 2001 – Leon Wilkeson, American bass player and songwriter (b. 1952)
    • 2003 – Vance Hartke, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician (b. 1919)
    • 2003 – Bob Hope, English-American actor, comedian, television personality, and businessman (b. 1903)
    • 2005 – Al Held, American painter and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2005 – Marten Toonder, Dutch author and illustrator (b. 1912)
    • 2006 – Maryann Mahaffey, American academic and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2007 – James Oyebola, Nigerian-English boxer (b. 1961)
    • 2008 – Youssef Chahine, Egyptian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2008 – Horst Stein, German-born Swiss conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2008 – Isaac Saba Raffoul, Mexican businessman (b. 1923)
    • 2010 – Maury Chaykin, American-Canadian actor (b. 1949)
    • 2010 – Jack Tatum, American football player (b. 1948)
    • 2012 – Norman Alden, American actor (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – R. G. Armstrong, American actor and playwright (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Darryl Cotton, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1949)
    • 2012 – Geoffrey Hughes, English actor (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – Tony Martin, American actor and singer (b. 1913)
    • 2012 – Jack Taylor, English footballer and referee (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Fernando Alonso, Cuban dancer, co-founded the Cuban National Ballet (b. 1914)
    • 2013 – Lindy Boggs, American politician and diplomat, 5th United States Ambassador to the Holy See (b. 1916)
    • 2013 – Bud Day, American colonel and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Kidd Kraddick, American radio host (b. 1959)
    • 2013 – Ilya Segalovich, Russian businessman, co-founded Yandex (b. 1964)
    • 2014 – Richard Bolt, New Zealand air marshal and pilot (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – George Freese, American baseball player and coach (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Wallace Jones, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Francesco Marchisano, Italian cardinal (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Paul Schell, American lawyer and politician, 50th Mayor of Seattle (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Rickey Grundy, American singer-songwriter (b. 1959)
    • 2015 – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Indian engineer, academic, and politician, 11th President of India (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Samuel Pisar, Polish-born American lawyer and author (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Anthony Shaw, English general (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer (b.1928)[8]
    • 2016 – James Alan McPherson, American short story writer and essayist (b. 1943)[9]
    • 2016 – Jerry Doyle, American actor and talk show host (b. 1956)[10]
    • 2016 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician and naval officer, Minister of Defence (1963–67), Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1967–71) (b. 1915)[11]
    • 2017 – Sam Shepard, American playwright, actor, author, screenwriter, and director (b.1943)[12]
    • 2018 – Marco Aurelio Denegri, Peruvian literature critic, television host and sexologist[13]
    • 2018 – Rahim Uddin Bharosha, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1934)

    Holidays and observances on July 27

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arethas (Western Christianity)
      • Aurelius and Natalia and companions of the Martyrs of Córdoba.
      • Maurus, Pantalemon, and Sergius
      • Pantaleon
      • Seven Sleepers of Ephesus (Roman Martyrology)
        • National Sleepy Head Day (Finland)
      • Theobald of Marly
      • Blessed Titus Brandsma, O.Carm.
      • July 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of Victory in the Great Fatherland Liberation War (North Korea)
    • Iglesia ni Cristo Day (the Philippines)
    • José Celso Barbosa Day (Puerto Rico)
    • Martyrs and Wounded Soldiers Day (Vietnam)
    • National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day (United States)

  • July 18- History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
    • 387 BC– Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, leading to the subsequent sacking of Rome.
    • 362 – Roman–Persian Wars: Emperor Julian arrives at Antioch with a Roman expeditionary force (60,000 men) and stays there for nine months to launch a campaign against the Persian Empire.
    • 452 – Sack of Aquileia: After an earlier defeat on the Catalaunian Plains, Attila lays siege to the metropolis of Aquileia and eventually destroys it.
    • 645 – Chinese forces under general Li Shiji besiege the strategic fortress city of Anshi (Liaoning) during the Goguryeo–Tang War.
    • 1195 – Battle of Alarcos: Almohad forces defeat the Castilian army of Alfonso VIII and force its retreat to Toledo.
    • 1290 – King Edward I of England issues the Edict of Expulsion, banishing all Jews (numbering about 16,000) from England; this was Tisha B’Av on the Hebrew calendar, a day that commemorates many Jewish calamities.
    • 1334 – The bishop of Florence blesses the first foundation stone for the new campanile (bell tower) of the Florence Cathedral, designed by the artist Giotto di Bondone.
    • 1389 – France and England agree to the Truce of Leulinghem, inaugurating a 13-year peace, the longest period of sustained peace during the Hundred Years’ War.
    • 1391 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war: Battle of the Kondurcha River: Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde in present-day southeast Russia.
    • 1507 – In Brussels, Prince Charles I, is crowned Duke of Burgundy and Count of Flanders, a year after inheriting the title.
    • 1555 – The College of Arms is reincorporated by Royal charter signed by Queen Mary I of England and King Philip II of Spain.
    • 1806 – A gunpowder magazine explosion in Birgu, Malta, kills around 200 people.
    • 1812 – The Treaties of Orebro end both the Anglo-Russian and Anglo-Swedish Wars.
    • 1841 – Coronation of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil.
    • 1857 – Louis Faidherbe, French governor of Senegal, arrives to relieve French forces at Kayes, effectively ending El Hajj Umar Tall’s war against the French.
    • 1862 – First ascent of Dent Blanche, one of the highest summits in the Alps.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Fort Wagner: One of the first formal African American military units, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.
    • 1870 – The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
    • 1872 – The Ballot Act 1872 in the United Kingdom introduced the requirement that parliamentary and local government elections be held by secret ballot.
    • 1914 – The U.S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps, giving official status to aircraft within the U.S. Army for the first time.
    • 1925 – Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf.
    • 1936 – On the Spanish mainland, a faction of the army supported by fascists, rises up against the Second Spanish Republic in a coup d’etat starting the 3-year-long Civil War, resulting in the longest dictatorship in modern European history.
    • 1942 – World War II: During the Beisfjord massacre in Norway, 15 Norwegian paramilitary guards help members of the SS to kill 288 political prisoners from Yugoslavia.
    • 1942 – The Germans test fly the Messerschmitt Me 262 using its jet engines for the first time.
    • 1944 – World War II: Hideki Tōjō resigns as Prime Minister of Japan because of numerous setbacks in the war effort.
    • 1966 – Human spaceflight: Gemini 10 is launched from Cape Kennedy on a 70-hour mission that includes docking with an orbiting Agena target vehicle.
    • 1966 – A racially charged incident in a bar sparks the six-day Hough riots in Cleveland, Ohio; 1,700 Ohio National Guard troops intervene to restore order.
    • 1968 – Intel is founded in Mountain View, California.
    • 1976 – Nadia Comăneci becomes the first person in Olympic Games history to score a perfect 10 in gymnastics at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
    • 1982 – Two hundred sixty-eight Guatemalan campesinos (“peasants” or “country people”) are slain in the Plan de Sánchez massacre.
    • 1984 – McDonald’s massacre in San Ysidro, California: In a fast-food restaurant, James Oliver Huberty opens fire, killing 21 people and injuring 19 others before being shot dead by police.
    • 1992 – A picture of Les Horribles Cernettes was taken, which became the first ever photo posted to the World Wide Web.
    • 1994 – The bombing of the Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (Argentine Jewish Community Center) in Buenos Aires kills 85 people (mostly Jewish) and injures 300.
    • 1994 – Rwandan genocide: The Rwandan Patriotic Front takes control of Gisenyi and north western Rwanda, forcing the interim government into Zaire and ending the genocide.
    • 1995 – On the Caribbean island of Montserrat, the Soufrière Hills volcano erupts. Over the course of several years, it devastates the island, destroying the capital, forcing most of the population to flee.
    • 1996 – Storms provoke severe flooding on the Saguenay River, beginning one of Quebec’s costliest natural disasters ever.
    • 1996 – Battle of Mullaitivu: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam capture the Sri Lanka Army’s base, killing over 1200 soldiers.
    • 2012 – At least seven people are killed and 32 others are injured after a bomb explodes on an Israeli tour bus at Burgas Airport, Bulgaria.
    • 2013 – The Government of Detroit, with up to $20 billion in debt, files for the largest municipal bankruptcy in U.S. history.
    • 2019 – A man sets fire to an anime studio in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan, killing at 35 people and injuring dozens of others.

    Births on July 18

    • 1013 – Hermann of Reichenau, German composer, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1013)
    • 1501 – Isabella of Austria, queen of Denmark (d. 1526)
    • 1504 – Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss pastor and reformer (d. 1575)
    • 1534 – Zacharius Ursinus, German theologian (d. 1583)
    • 1552 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1612)
    • 1634 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1695)
    • 1659 – Hyacinthe Rigaud, French painter (d. 1743)
    • 1670 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1747)
    • 1702 – Maria Clementina Sobieska, Polish noble (d. 1735)
    • 1718 – Saverio Bettinelli, Italian poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1808)
    • 1720 – Gilbert White, English ornithologist and ecologist (d. 1793)
    • 1724 – Maria Antonia of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (d. 1780)
    • 1750 – Frederick Adolf, duke of Östergötland (d. 1803)
    • 1796 – Immanuel Hermann Fichte, German philosopher and academic (d. 1879)
    • 1811 – William Makepeace Thackeray, English author and poet (d. 1863)
    • 1818 – Louis Gerhard De Geer, Swedish lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1896)
    • 1821 – Pauline Viardot, French soprano and composer (d. 1910)
    • 1837 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian priest and activist (d. 1873)
    • 1843 – Virgil Earp, American marshal (d. 1905)
    • 1845 – Tristan Corbière, French poet (d. 1875)
    • 1848 – W. G. Grace, English cricketer and physician (d. 1915)
    • 1853 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1928)
    • 1861 – Kadambini Ganguly, Indian physician, one of the first Indian women to obtain a degree (d. 1923)
    • 1864 – Philip Snowden, 1st Viscount Snowden, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1937)
    • 1867 – Margaret Brown, American philanthropist and activist (d. 1932)
    • 1871 – Giacomo Balla, Italian painter (d.1958)
    • 1871 – Sada Yacco, Japanese actress and dancer (d. 1946)
    • 1881 – Larry McLean, Canadian-American baseball player (d. 1921)
    • 1884 – Alberto di Jorio, Italian cardinal (d. 1979)
    • 1886 – Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., American general (d. 1945)
    • 1887 – Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian military officer and politician, Minister President of Norway (d. 1945)
    • 1889 – Kōichi Kido, Japanese politician, 13th Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan (d. 1977)
    • 1890 – Frank Forde, Australian educator and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1983)
    • 1892 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – David Ogilvy, 12th Earl of Airlie, Scottish peer, soldier and courtier (d. 1968)
    • 1895 – Olga Spessivtseva, Russian-American ballerina (d. 1991)
    • 1895 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (d. 1954)
    • 1897 – Ernest Eldridge, English race car driver and engineer (d. 1935)
    • 1898 – John Stuart, Scottish-English actor (d. 1979)
    • 1899 – Ernst Scheller, German soldier and politician, 8th Mayor of Marburg (d. 1942)
    • 1900 – Nathalie Sarraute, French lawyer and author (d. 1999)
    • 1902 – Jessamyn West, American author (d. 1984)
    • 1902 – Chill Wills, American actor (d. 1978)
    • 1905 – Robert Elton Brooker, American business executive (d. 2000)
    • 1906 – S. I. Hayakawa, Canadian-American academic and politician (d. 1992)
    • 1906 – Clifford Odets, American director, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1963)
    • 1908 – Peace Pilgrim, American mystic and activist (d. 1981)
    • 1908 – Lupe Vélez, Mexican-American actress and dancer (d. 1944)
    • 1908 – Beatrice Aitchison, American mathematician, statistician, and transportation economist (d. 1997)
    • 1909 – Bishnu Dey, Indian poet, critic, and academic (d. 1982)
    • 1909 – Andrei Gromyko, Belarusian-Russian economist and politician, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Mohammed Daoud Khan, Afghan commander and politician, 1st President of Afghanistan (d. 1978)
    • 1909 – Harriet Nelson, American singer and actress (d. 1994)
    • 1910 – Diptendu Pramanick, Indian businessman (d. 1989)
    • 1910 – Mamadou Dia, Senegalese politician; 1st Prime Minister of Senegal (d. 2009)
    • 1911 – Hume Cronyn, Canadian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
    • 1913 – Red Skelton, American actor and comedian (d. 1997)
    • 1914 – Gino Bartali, Italian cyclist (d. 2000)
    • 1914 – Oscar Heisserer, French footballer (d. 2004)
    • 1915 – Carequinha, Brazilian clown and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1915 – Roxana Cannon Arsht, American judge (d. 2003)
    • 1915 – Louis Le Bailly, British Royal Navy officer (d. 2010)
    • 1916 – Charles Kittel, American physicist (d. 2019)
    • 1917 – Henri Salvador, French singer and guitarist (d. 2008)
    • 1917 – Paul Streeten, Austrian-born British economics professor (d. 2019)
    • 1918 – Nelson Mandela, South African lawyer and politician, 1st President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Lilia Dale, Italian actress
    • 1920 – Eric Brandon, English race car driver and businessman (d. 1982)
    • 1921 – Peter Austin, English brewer, founded Ringwood Brewery (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Aaron T. Beck, American psychiatrist and academic
    • 1921 – John Glenn, American colonel, astronaut, and politician (d. 2016)
    • 1921 – Richard Leacock, English-French director and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1921 – Heinz Bennent, German actor (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Thomas Kuhn, American physicist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1996)
    • 1923 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American engineer and businessman (d. 1997)
    • 1923 – Michael Medwin, English actor (d. 2020)
    • 1924 – Inge Sørensen, Danish swimmer (d. 2011)
    • 1924 – Tullio Altamura, Italian actor
    • 1925 – Shirley Strickland, Australian runner and hurdler (d. 2004)
    • 1925 – Friedrich Zimmermann, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of the Interior (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Raymond Jones, Australian Modernist architect
    • 1925 – Windy McCall, American baseball relief pitcher (d. 2015)
    • 1926 – Margaret Laurence, Canadian author and academic (d. 1987)
    • 1926 – Nita Bieber, American actress (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Bernard Pons, French politician and medical doctor
    • 1926 – Maunu Kurkvaara, Finnish film director and screenwriter
    • 1927 – Mehdi Hassan, Pakistani ghazal singer and playback singer (d. 2012)
    • 1927 – Kurt Masur, German conductor and educator (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Antonio García-Trevijano, Spanish republican, political activist, and author (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Keith MacDonald, Canadian politician
    • 1927 – Anthony Mirra, American gangster, member of the Bonanno Crime Family (d. 1982)
    • 1928 – Andrea Gallo, Italian priest and author (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Baddiewinkle, American internet personality
    • 1929 – Dick Button, American figure skater and actor
    • 1929 – Screamin’ Jay Hawkins, American R&B singer-songwriter, musician, and actor (d. 2000)
    • 1932 – Robert Ellis Miller, American director and screenwriter (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – Jean Yanne, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
    • 1933 – Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Russian poet and playwright (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Edward Bond, English director, playwright, and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Darlene Conley, American actress (d. 2007)
    • 1935 – Tenley Albright, American figure skater and physician
    • 1935 – Jayendra Saraswathi, Indian guru, 69th Shankaracharya
    • 1937 – Roald Hoffmann, Polish chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1937 – Hunter S. Thompson, American journalist and author (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – John Connelly, English footballer (d. 2012)
    • 1938 – Ian Stewart, Scottish keyboard player and manager (d. 1985)
    • 1938 – Paul Verhoeven, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1939 – Brian Auger, English rock and jazz keyboard player
    • 1939 – Dion DiMucci, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1939 – Jerry Moore, American football player and coach
    • 1940 – James Brolin, American actor
    • 1940 – Joe Torre, American baseball player and manager
    • 1941 – Frank Farian, German songwriter and producer
    • 1941 – Lonnie Mack, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
    • 1941 – Martha Reeves, American singer and politician
    • 1942 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer (d. 2006)
    • 1942 – Adolf Ogi, Swiss politician, 84th President of the Swiss Confederation
    • 1943 – Joseph J. Ellis, American historian and author
    • 1944 – David Hemery, English hurdler and author
    • 1945 – Pat Doherty, Irish Republican politician
    • 1946 – Kalpana Mohan, Indian actress
    • 1946 – John Naughton, Scottish-Irish journalist, author, and academic
    • 1947 – Steve Forbes, American publisher and politician
    • 1948 – Carlos Colón Sr., Puerto Rican-American wrestler and promoter
    • 1948 – Jeanne Córdova, American journalist and activist (d. 2016)
    • 1948 – Graham Spanier, 16th President of Pennsylvania State University
    • 1948 – Hartmut Michel, German biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1949 – Dennis Lillee, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1950 – Richard Branson, English businessman, founded Virgin Group
    • 1950 – Jack Dongarra, American computer scientist and academic
    • 1950 – Kostas Eleftherakis, Greek footballer
    • 1950 – Glenn Hughes, American disco singer (Village People) and actor (d. 2001)
    • 1950 – Jack Layton, Canadian political scientist, academic, and politician (d. 2011)
    • 1950 – Mark Udall, American educator and politician
    • 1951 – Elio Di Rupo, Belgian chemist, academic, and politician, 68th Prime Minister of Belgium
    • 1951 – Margo Martindale, American actress
    • 1954 – Ricky Skaggs, American singer-songwriter, mandolin player, and producer
    • 1955 – Bernd Fasching, Austrian painter and sculptor
    • 1957 – Nick Faldo, English golfer and sportscaster
    • 1957 – Keith Levene, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1960 – Simon Heffer, English journalist and author
    • 1961 – Elizabeth McGovern, American actress
    • 1961 – Alan Pardew, English footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Pasi Rautiainen, Finnish footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1962 – Shaun Micallef, Australian comedian, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1963 – Marc Girardelli, Austrian-Luxembourgian skier
    • 1963 – Martín Torrijos, Panamanian economist and politician, 35th President of Panama
    • 1964 – Wendy Williams, American talk show host
    • 1965 – Vesselina Kasarova, Bulgarian soprano
    • 1966 – Dan O’Brien, American decathlete and coach
    • 1967 – Vin Diesel, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter1968 – Grant Bowler, New Zealand-Australian actor
    • 1968 – Scott Gourley, Australian rugby player
    • 1969 – Elizabeth Gilbert, American author
    • 1969 – The Great Sasuke, Japanese wrestler and politician
    • 1971 – Penny Hardaway, American basketball player and coach
    • 1971 – Sukhwinder Singh, Indian singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1974 – Alan Morrison, British poet
    • 1975 – Torii Hunter, American baseball player
    • 1975 – Daron Malakian, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1975 – M.I.A., English rapper and producer5
    • 1976 – Elsa Pataky, Spanish actress
    • 1976 – Go Soo-hee, South Korean actress
    • 1977 – Alexander Morozevich, Russian chess player and author
    • 1978 – Adabel Guerrero, Argentinian actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1978 – Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Crystal Mangum, American murderer responsible for making false rape allegations in the Duke lacrosse case
    • 1978 – Joo Sang-wook, South Korean actor
    • 1978 – Ben Sheets, American baseball player and coach
    • 1978 – Mélissa Theuriau, French journalist
    • 1979 – Deion Branch, American football player
    • 1979 – Joey Mercury, American wrestler and producer
    • 1980 – Kristen Bell, American actress
    • 1981 – Dennis Seidenberg, German ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Ryan Cabrera, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1982 – Priyanka Chopra, Indian actress, singer, and film producer
    • 1982 – Carlo Costly, Honduran footballer
    • 1983 – Carlos Diogo, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1983 – Aaron Gillespie, American singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1983 – Mikk Pahapill, Estonian decathlete
    • 1983 – Jan Schlaudraff, German footballer
    • 1985 – Chace Crawford, American actor
    • 1985 – Panagiotis Lagos, Greek footballer
    • 1985 – James Norton, English actor
    • 1986 – Natalia Mikhailova, Russian ice dancer
    • 1987 – Tontowi Ahmad, Indonesian badminton player
    • 1988 – Änis Ben-Hatira, German-Tunisian footballer
    • 1988 – César Villaluz, Mexican footballer
    • 1989 – Jamie Benn, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1989 – Sebastian Mielitz, German footballer
    • 1989 – Yohan Mollo, French footballer
    • 1993 – Lee Tae-min, South Korean singer and actor
    • 1993 – Michael Lichaa, Australian rugby league player
    • 1994 – Nilo Soares, East Timorese footballer
    • 1997 – Noah Lyles, American sprinter
    • 2001 – Agustina Roth, Argentine BMX rider

    Deaths on July 18

    • 707 – Emperor Monmu of Japan (b. 683)
    • 715 – Muhammad bin Qasim, Umayyad general (b. 695)
    • 912 – Zhu Wen, Chinese emperor (b. 852)
    • 924 – Abu’l-Hasan Ali ibn al-Furat, Abbasid vizier (b. 855)
    • 928 – Stephen II, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 984 – Dietrich I, bishop of Metz
    • 1100 – Godfrey of Bouillon, Frankish knight (b. 1016)
    • 1185 – Stefan, first Archbishop of Uppsala (b. before 1143)
    • 1194 – Guy of Lusignan, king consort of Jerusalem (b. c. 1150)
    • 1232 – John de Braose, Marcher Lord of Bramber and Gower
    • 1270 – Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury
    • 1300 – Gerard Segarelli, Italian religious leader, founded the Apostolic Brethren (b. 1240)
    • 1450 – Francis I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1414)
    • 1488 – Alvise Cadamosto, Italian explorer (b. 1432)
    • 1566 – Bartolomé de las Casas, Spanish bishop and historian (b. 1484)
    • 1591 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (b. 1550)
    • 1608 – Joachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1546)
    • 1610 – Caravaggio, Italian painter (b. 1571)
    • 1639 – Bernard of Saxe-Weimar, German general (b. 1604)
    • 1650 – Robert Levinz, English Royalist, hanged in London by Parliamentary forces as a spy (b. 1615)
    • 1695 – Johannes Camphuys, Dutch politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1634)
    • 1698 – Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian and author (b. 1633)
    • 1721 – Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (b. 1684)
    • 1730 – François de Neufville, duc de Villeroy, French general (b. 1644)
    • 1756 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch poet and playwright (b. 1683)
    • 1792 – John Paul Jones, Scottish-American admiral and diplomat (b. 1747)
    • 1817 – Jane Austen, English novelist (b. 1775)
    • 1837 – Vincenzo Borg, Maltese merchant and rebel leader (b. 1777)
    • 1863 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (b. 1837)
    • 1872 – Benito Juárez, Mexican lawyer and politician, 26th President of Mexico (b. 1806)
    • 1884 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist and academic (b. 1829)
    • 1887 – Dorothea Dix, American social reformer and activist (b. 1802)
    • 1890 – Lydia Becker, English journalist, author, and activist, co-founded the Women’s Suffrage Journal (b. 1827)
    • 1892 – Thomas Cook, English travel agent, founded the Thomas Cook Group (b. 1808)
    • 1899 – Horatio Alger, American novelist and journalist (b. 1832)
    • 1916 – Benjamin C. Truman, American journalist and author (b. 1835)
    • 1925 – Louis-Nazaire Bégin, Canadian cardinal (b. 1840)
    • 1932 – Jean Jules Jusserand, French author and diplomat, French Ambassador to the United States (b. 1855)
    • 1937 – Julian Bell, English poet and academic (b. 1908)
    • 1938 – Marie of Romania (b. 1875)
    • 1944 – Thomas Sturge Moore, English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1870)
    • 1947 – Evald Tipner, Estonian footballer and ice hockey player (b. 1906)
    • 1948 – Herman Gummerus, Finnish historian, academic, and politician (b. 1877)
    • 1949 – Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer and educator (b. 1870)
    • 1949 – Francisco Javier Arana, Guatemalan Army colonel and briefly Guatemalan head of state (b.1905)
    • 1950 – Carl Clinton Van Doren, American critic and biographer (b. 1885)
    • 1952 – Paul Saintenoy, Belgian architect and historian (b. 1862)
    • 1954 – Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (b. 1895)
    • 1966 – Bobby Fuller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
    • 1968 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
    • 1969 – Mary Jo Kopechne, American educator and secretary (b. 1940)
    • 1973 – Jack Hawkins, English actor (b. 1910)
    • 1975 – Vaughn Bodē, American illustrator (b. 1941)
    • 1981 – Sonja Branting-Westerståhl, Swedish lawyer (b. 1890)
    • 1982 – Roman Jakobson, Russian–American linguist and theorist (b. 1896)
    • 1984 – Lally Bowers, English actress (b. 1914)
    • 1984 – Grigori Kromanov, Estonian director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 1987 – Gilberto Freyre, Brazilian sociologist, anthropologist, historian, writer, painter, journalist and congressman (b. 1907)
    • 1988 – Nico, German singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and actress (b. 1938)
    • 1988 – Joly Braga Santos, Portuguese composer and conductor (b. 1924)
    • 1989 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (b. 1954)
    • 1989 – Rebecca Schaeffer, American model and actress (b.1967)
    • 1990 – Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1896)
    • 1990 – Yun Posun, South Korean politician, 2nd President of South Korea (b. 1897)
    • 2001 – Mimi Fariña, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1945)
    • 2002 – Metin Toker, Turkish journalist and author (b. 1924)
    • 2004 – André Castelot, Belgian-French historian and author (b. 1911)
    • 2004 – Émile Peynaud, French wine maker (b. 1912)
    • 2005 – Amy Gillett, Australian cyclist and rower (b. 1976)
    • 2005 – William Westmoreland, American general (b. 1914)
    • 2006 – Henry Hewes, American theater writer (b. 1917)
    • 2007 – Jerry Hadley, American tenor (b. 1952)
    • 2007 – Kenji Miyamoto, Japanese politician (b. 1908)
    • 2009 – Henry Allingham, English soldier (b. 1896)
    • 2009 – Jill Balcon, English actress (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Yosef Shalom Eliashiv, Lithuanian-Israeli rabbi and author (b. 1910)
    • 2012 – Jean François-Poncet, French politician and diplomat, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Dawoud Rajiha, Syrian general and politician, Syrian Minister of Defense (b. 1947)
    • 2012 – Assef Shawkat, Syrian general and politician (b. 1950)
    • 2012 – Hasan Turkmani, Syrian general and politician, Syrian Minister of Defense (b. 1935)
    • 2012 – Rajesh Khanna, Indian actor (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Vaali, Indian poet, songwriter, and actor (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Olivier Ameisen, French-American cardiologist and academic (b. 1953)
    • 2014 – Andreas Biermann, German footballer (b. 1980)
    • 2014 – João Ubaldo Ribeiro, Brazilian journalist, author, and academic (b. 1941)
    • 2014 – Dietmar Schönherr, Austrian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Alex Rocco, American actor (b. 1936)
    • 2018 – Jonathan Gold, American food critic (b. 1960)
    • 2018 – Adrian Cronauer, American Radio personality (b. 1938)

    Holidays and observances on July 18

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arnulf of Metz
      • Bartolomé de las Casas (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Bruno of Segni
      • Camillus de Lellis (optional memorial, United States only)
      • Eadburh (or Edburga) of Bicester
      • Elizabeth Ferard (Church of England)
      • Frederick of Utrecht
      • Goneri of Brittany
      • Gundenis
      • Marina of Aguas Santas
      • Maternus of Milan
      • Minnborinus of Cologne
      • Pambo
      • Philastrius (or Filaster)
      • Symphorosa
      • Teneu (or Theneva)
      • Theodosia of Constantinople
      • July 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Constitution Day (Uruguay)
    • Nelson Mandela International Day

  • July 16 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar.
    • 997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouranos at the Spercheios River in Greece.
    • 1054 – Three Roman legates break relations between Western and Eastern Christian Churches through the act of placing an invalidly-issued Papal bull of Excommunication on the altar of Hagia Sophia during Saturday afternoon divine liturgy. Historians frequently describe the event as the start of the East–West Schism.
    • 1212 – Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: After Pope Innocent III calls European knights to a crusade, forces of Kings Alfonso VIII of Castile, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Afonso II of Portugal defeat those of the Berber Muslim leader Almohad, thus marking a significant turning point in the Reconquista and in the medieval history of Spain.
    • 1232 – The Spanish town of Arjona declares independence and names its native Muhammad ibn Yusuf as ruler. This marks Muhammad’s first rise to prominence; he would later establish the Nasrid Emirate of Granada, the last independent Muslim state in Spain.
    • 1251 – Celebrated by the Carmelite Order – but doubted by modern historians – as the day when Saint Simon Stock had a vision of the Virgin Mary
    • 1377 – King Richard II of England is crowned.
    • 1661 – The first banknotes in Europe are issued by the Swedish bank Stockholms Banco.
    • 1683 – Manchu Qing dynasty naval forces under traitorous commander Shi Lang defeat the Kingdom of Tungning in the Battle of Penghu near the Pescadores Islands.
    • 1769 – Father Junípero Serra founds California’s first mission, Mission San Diego de Alcalá. Over the following decades, it evolves into the city of San Diego, California.
    • 1779 – American Revolutionary War: Light infantry of the Continental Army seize a fortified British Army position in a midnight bayonet attack at the Battle of Stony Point.
    • 1790 – The District of Columbia is established as the capital of the United States after signature of the Residence Act.
    • 1809 – The city of La Paz, in what is today Bolivia, declares its independence from the Spanish Crown during the La Paz revolution and forms the Junta Tuitiva, the first independent government in Spanish America, led by Pedro Domingo Murillo.
    • 1849 – Antonio María Claret y Clará founds the Congregation of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, popularly known as the Claretians in Vic, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: At the order of President Abraham Lincoln, Union troops begin a 25-mile march into Virginia for what will become the First Battle of Bull Run, the first major land battle of the war.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: David Farragut is promoted to rear admiral, becoming the first officer in United States Navy to hold an admiral rank.
    • 1909 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar is forced out as Shah of Persia and is replaced by his son Ahmad Shah Qajar.
    • 1910 – John Robertson Duigan makes the first flight of the Duigan pusher biplane, the first aircraft built in Australia.
    • 1915 – Henry James becomes a British citizen to highlight his commitment to Britain during the first World War.
    • 1915 – At Treasure Island on the Delaware River in the United States, the First Order of the Arrow ceremony takes place and the Order of the Arrow is founded to honor American Boy Scouts who best exemplify the Scout Oath and Law.
    • 1927 – Augusto César Sandino leads a raid on U.S. Marines and Nicaraguan Guardia Nacional that had been sent to apprehend him in the village of Ocotal, but is repulsed by one of the first dive-bombing attacks in history.
    • 1931 – Emperor Haile Selassie signs the first constitution of Ethiopia.
    • 1935 – The world’s first parking meter is installed in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
    • 1941 – Joe DiMaggio hits safely for the 56th consecutive game, a streak that still stands as an MLB record.
    • 1942 – Holocaust: Vel’ d’Hiv Roundup (Rafle du Vel’ d’Hiv): The government of Vichy France orders the mass arrest of 13,152 Jews who are held at the Vélodrome d’Hiver in Paris before deportation to Auschwitz.
    • 1945 – World War II: The heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis leaves San Francisco with parts for the atomic bomb “Little Boy” bound for Tinian Island.
    • 1945 – Manhattan Project: The Atomic Age begins when the United States successfully detonates a plutonium-based test nuclear weapon near Alamogordo, New Mexico.
    • 1948 – Following token resistance, the city of Nazareth, revered by Christians as the hometown of Jesus, capitulates to Israeli troops during Operation Dekel in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
    • 1948 – The storming of the cockpit of the Miss Macao passenger seaplane, operated by a subsidiary of the Cathay Pacific Airways, marks the first aircraft hijacking of a commercial plane.
    • 1950 – Chaplain–Medic massacre: American POWs are massacred by North Korean Army.
    • 1951 – King Leopold III of Belgium abdicates in favor of his son, Baudouin I of Belgium.
    • 1956 – Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus closes its last “Big Tent” show in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; due to changing economics, all subsequent circus shows will be held in arenas.
    • 1965 – The Mont Blanc Tunnel linking France and Italy opens.
    • 1965 – South Vietnamese Colonel Phạm Ngọc Thảo, a formerly undetected communist spy and double agent, is hunted down and killed by unknown individuals after being sentenced to death in absentia for a February 1965 coup attempt against Nguyễn Khánh.
    • 1969 – Apollo program: Apollo 11, the first mission to land astronauts on the Moon, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center at Cape Kennedy, Florida.
    • 1979 – Iraqi President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr resigns and is replaced by Saddam Hussein.
    • 1983 – Sikorsky S-61 disaster: A helicopter crashes off the Isles of Scilly, causing 20 fatalities.
    • 1990 – The Luzon earthquake strikes the Philippines with an intensity of 7.7, affecting Benguet, Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, La Union, Aurora, Bataan, Zambales and Tarlac.
    • 1990 – The Parliament of the Ukrainian SSR declares state sovereignty over the territory of the Ukrainian SSR.
    • 1999 – John F. Kennedy Jr., his wife, Carolyn, and her sister, Lauren Bessette, died when the Piper Saratoga PA-32R aircraft he was piloting crashed into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Martha’s Vineyard.
    • 2004 – Millennium Park, considered Chicago’s first and most ambitious early 21st-century architectural project, is opened to the public by Mayor Richard M. Daley.
    • 2007 – An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 and 6.6 aftershock occurs off the Niigata coast of Japan killing eight people, injuring at least 800 and damaging a nuclear power plant.
    • 2013 – As many as 27 children die and 25 others are hospitalized after eating lunch served at their school in eastern India.
    • 2015 – Four U.S. Marines and one gunman die in a shooting spree targeting military installations in Chattanooga, Tennessee.
    • 2019 – 100 years old building in Mumbai, India, collapsed, killing at least 10 people and many remaining trapped.

    Births on July 16

    • 1194 – Clare of Assisi, an Italian nun and saint (d. 1253)
    • 1486 – Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (d. 1530)
    • 1517 – Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk, English duchess (d. 1559)
    • 1529 – Petrus Peckius the Elder, Dutch jurist, writer on international maritime law (d. 1589)
    • 1611 – Cecilia Renata of Austria (d. 1644)
    • 1661 – Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville, Canadian captain, explorer, and politician (d. 1706)
    • 1714 – Marc René, marquis de Montalembert, French engineer and author (d. 1800)
    • 1722 – Joseph Wilton, English sculptor and academic (d. 1803)
    • 1723 – Joshua Reynolds, English painter and academic (d. 1792)
    • 1731 – Samuel Huntington, American jurist and politician, 18th Governor of Connecticut (d. 1796)
    • 1749 – Cyrus Griffin, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 16th President of the Continental Congress (d. 1810)
    • 1796 – Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, French painter and etcher (d. 1875)
    • 1821 – Mary Baker Eddy, American religious leader and author, founded Christian Science (d. 1910)
    • 1841 – Nikolai von Glehn, Estonian-German architect and activist (d. 1923)
    • 1858 – Eugène Ysaÿe, Belgian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1931)
    • 1862 – Ida B. Wells, American journalist and activist (d. 1931)
    • 1863 – Anderson Dawson, Australian politician, 14th Premier of Queensland (d. 1910)
    • 1870 – Lambert McKenna, Irish priest, lexicographer, and scholar (d. 1956)
    • 1871 – John Maxwell, American golfer (d. 1906)
    • 1872 – Roald Amundsen, Norwegian pilot and explorer (d. 1928)
    • 1872 – Frank Cooper, Australian politician, 25th Premier of Queensland (d. 1949)
    • 1880 – Kathleen Norris, American journalist and author (d. 1966)
    • 1882 – Violette Neatley Anderson, American judge (d. 1937)
    • 1883 – Charles Sheeler, American photographer and painter (d. 1965)
    • 1884 – Anna Vyrubova, Russian author (d. 1964)
    • 1887 – Shoeless Joe Jackson, American baseball player and manager (d. 1951)
    • 1888 – Percy Kilbride, American actor (d. 1964)
    • 1888 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1966)
    • 1889 – Arthur Bowie Chrisman, American author (d. 1953)
    • 1895 – Wilfrid Hamel, Canadian businessman and politician, 35th Mayor of Quebec City (d. 1968)
    • 1896 – Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer, German biologist and eugenicist (d. 1969)
    • 1896 – Trygve Lie, Norwegian trade union leader and politician, 1st Secretary-General of the United Nations (d. 1968)
    • 1902 – Alexander Luria, Russian psychologist and physician (d. 1977)
    • 1902 – Mary Philbin, American actress (d. 1993)
    • 1903 – Fritz Bauer, German lawyer and judge (d. 1968)
    • 1903 – Carmen Lombardo, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 1971)
    • 1903 – Irmgard Flügge-Lotz, German mathematician and engineer (d. 1974)
    • 1904 – Goffredo Petrassi, Italian composer and conductor (d. 2003)
    • 1906 – Vincent Sherman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1907 – Frances Horwich, American educator and television host (d. 2001)
    • 1907 – Orville Redenbacher, American farmer and businessman, founded Orville Redenbacher’s (d. 1995)
    • 1907 – Barbara Stanwyck, American actress (d. 1990)
    • 1910 – Stan McCabe, Australian cricketer (d. 1968)
    • 1910 – Gordon Prange, American historian, author, and academic (d. 1980)
    • 1911 – Ginger Rogers, American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1995)
    • 1911 – Sonny Tufts, American actor (d. 1970)
    • 1912 – Milt Bocek, American baseball player (d. 2007)
    • 1912 – Amy Patterson, Argentine composer, singer, poet, and teacher (d. 2019)
    • 1915 – Barnard Hughes, American actor (d. 2006)
    • 1915 – Elaine Barrie, American actress (d. 2003)
    • 1918 – Denis Edward Arnold, English soldier (d. 2015)
    • 1918 – Paul Farnes, famed World War II Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter pilot and one of “The Few” surviving pilots of the Battle of Britain (d. 2020)
    • 1918 – Samuel Victor Perry, English biochemist and rugby player (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Hermine Braunsteiner, Austrian SS officer (d. 1999)
    • 1919 – Choi Kyu-hah, South Korean politician, 4th President of South Korea (d. 2006)
    • 1920 – Anatole Broyard, American critic and editor (d. 1990)
    • 1923 – Chris Argyris, American psychologist, theorist, and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Bola Sete, Brazilian guitarist (d. 1987)
    • 1924 – James L. Greenfield, American journalist and politician
    • 1924 – Bess Myerson, American model, actress, game show panelist, and politician, Miss America 1945 (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Rupert Deese, Northern Mariana Islander ceramic artist (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Frank Jobe, American sergeant and surgeon (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Rosita Quintana, Argentine actress
    • 1925 – Cal Tjader, American jazz musician (d. 1982)
    • 1926 – Ivica Horvat, Croatian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1926 – Irwin Rose, American biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Pierre F. Côté, Canadian lawyer and civil servant (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Shirley Hughes, English author and illustrator
    • 1927 – Derek Hawksworth, English footballer
    • 1928 – Anita Brookner, English novelist and art historian (d. 2016)
    • 1928 – Bella Davidovich, Soviet-American pianist
    • 1928 – Robert Sheckley, American author and screenwriter (d. 2005)
    • 1928 – Jim Rathmann, American race car driver (d. 2011)
    • 1928 – Dave Treen, American lawyer and politician, 51st Governor of Louisiana (d. 2009)
    • 1928 – Andrzej Zawada, Polish mountaineer and author (d. 2000)
    • 1929 – Charles Ray Hatcher, American serial killer (d. 1984)
    • 1929 – Sheri S. Tepper, American author and poet (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Gaby Tanguy, French swimmer
    • 1930 – Guy Béart, Egyptian-French singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – Michael Bilirakis, American lawyer and politician
    • 1930 – Bert Rechichar, American football defensive back and kicker (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Fergus Gordon Kerr, Scottish Roman Catholic priest of the English Dominican Province
    • 1931 – Norm Sherry, American former catcher, manager, and coach in Major League Baseball
    • 1932 – John Chilton, English trumpet player and composer (d. 2016)
    • 1932 – Max McGee, American football player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
    • 1932 – Dick Thornburgh, American lawyer and politician, 76th United States Attorney General
    • 1933 – Julian A. Brodsky, American businessman
    • 1934 – Tomás Eloy Martínez, Argentine journalist (d. 2010)
    • 1934 – Katherine D. Ortega, 38th Treasurer of the United States
    • 1934 – Donald M. Payne, American educator and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Carl Epting Mundy Jr., American general (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Lynn Wyatt, American socialite and philanthropist
    • 1936 – Yasuo Fukuda, Japanese politician, 91st Prime Minister of Japan
    • 1936 – Buddy Merrill, American guitarist
    • 1936 – Jerry Norman, American sinologist and linguist (d. 2012)
    • 1936 – Venkataraman Subramanya, Indian-Australian cricketer
    • 1937 – Richard Bryan, American lawyer and politician, 25th Governor of Nevada
    • 1937 – John Daly, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2008)
    • 1938 – Cynthia Enloe, American author and academic
    • 1938 – Tony Jackson, English singer and bass player (d. 2003)
    • 1939 – William Bell, American singer-songwriter
    • 1939 – Lido Vieri, Italian football manager and football player
    • 1939 – Denise LaSalle, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – Ruth Perry, president of Liberia (d. 2017)
    • 1939 – Shringar Nagaraj, Indian actor and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Corin Redgrave, English actor and activist (d. 2010)
    • 1939 – Mariele Ventre, Italian singer and conductor (d. 1995)
    • 1941 – Desmond Dekker, Jamaican singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1941 – Dag Solstad, Norwegian author and playwright
    • 1941 – Hans Wiegel, Dutch journalist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands
    • 1941 – Sir George Young, 6th Baronet, English banker and politician, Secretary of State for Transport
    • 1942 – Margaret Court, Australian tennis player and minister
    • 1943 – Reinaldo Arenas, Cuban-American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1943 – Vernon Bogdanor, English political scientist and academic
    • 1943 – Jimmy Johnson, American football player and coach
    • 1944 – Angharad Rees, English-Welsh actress and jewellery designer (d. 2012)
    • 1946 – Louise Fréchette, Canadian civil servant and diplomat, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations
    • 1946 – Barbara Lee, American politician
    • 1946 – Ron Yary, American football player
    • 1947 – Don Burke, Australian television host and producer
    • 1947 – Alexis Herman, American businesswoman and politician, 23rd United States Secretary of Labor
    • 1947 – Assata Shakur, American-Cuban criminal and activist
    • 1948 – Rubén Blades, Panamanian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1948 – Lars Lagerbäck, Swedish footballer and manager
    • 1948 – Kevin McKenzie, South African cricketer
    • 1948 – Pinchas Zukerman, Israeli violinist and conductor
    • 1949 – Alan Fitzgerald, American guitarist and keyboardist
    • 1950 – Pierre Paradis, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1950 – Dennis Priestley, English darts player
    • 1950 – Frances Spalding, English historian and academic
    • 1950 – Tom Terrell, American journalist and photographer (d. 2007)
    • 1951 – Jean-Luc Mongrain, Canadian journalist
    • 1951 – Che Rosli, Malaysian politician
    • 1952 – Stewart Copeland, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1952 – Richard Egielski, American author and illustrator
    • 1952 – Marc Esposito, French director and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Ken McEwan, South African cricketer
    • 1953 – Douglas J. Feith, American lawyer and politician, Under Secretary of Defense for Policy
    • 1954 – Jeanette Mott Oxford, American politician
    • 1955 – Susan Wheeler, American poet and academic
    • 1955 – Saw Swee Leong, Malaysian badminton player
    • 1956 – Tony Kushner, American playwright and screenwriter
    • 1957 – Faye Grant, American actress
    • 1957 – Alexandra Marinina, Ukrainian-Russian colonel and author
    • 1958 – Mick Cornett, American politician, and former mayor of Oklahoma City.
    • 1958 – Michael Flatley, American-Irish dancer and choreographer
    • 1958 – Mike Rogers, American politician
    • 1959 – Gary Anderson, South African-American football player
    • 1959 – James MacMillan, Scottish composer and conductor
    • 1959 – Zoran Jolevski, Macedonian economist, politician, and diplomat, Macedonian Ambassador to the United States
    • 1959 – Jürgen Ligi, Estonian economist and politician, 25th Estonian Minister of Defence
    • 1960 – Terry Pendleton, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Grigory Leps, Russian singer-songwriter
    • 1963 – Phoebe Cates, American actress
    • 1963 – Srečko Katanec, Slovenian footballer and coach
    • 1963 – Mikael Pernfors, Swedish tennis player
    • 1964 – Phil Hellmuth, American poker player
    • 1964 – Miguel Induráin, Spanish cyclist
    • 1965 – Michel Desjoyeaux, French sailor
    • 1965 – Claude Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1965 – Sherri Stoner, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Jyrki Lumme, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1967 – Will Ferrell, American actor, comedian, and producer
    • 1968 – Dhanraj Pillay, Indian field hockey player and manager
    • 1968 – Barry Sanders, American football player
    • 1968 – Larry Sanger, American philosopher and businessman, co-founded Wikipedia and Citizendium
    • 1968 – Michael Searle, Australian rugby league player and businessman
    • 1968 – Robert Sherman, American songwriter and businessman
    • 1968 – Olga Souza, Brazilian singer and dancer
    • 1969 – Jules De Martino, English singer-songwriter and bass player
    • 1969 – Kathryn Harby-Williams, Australian netball player and sportscaster
    • 1970 – Raimonds Miglinieks, Latvian basketball player and coach
    • 1970 – Apichatpong Weerasethakul, Thai director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Corey Feldman, American actor
    • 1971 – Ed Kowalczyk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Live)
    • 1972 – Ben Cahoon, American-Canadian football player and coach
    • 1972 – François Drolet, Canadian speed skater
    • 1973 – Shaun Pollock, South African cricketer
    • 1973 – Graham Robertson, American director and producer
    • 1973 – Tim Ryan, American politician
    • 1974 – Jeremy Enigk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Maret Maripuu, Estonian politician, Estonian Minister of Social Affairs
    • 1974 – Ryan McCombs, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1974 – Wendell Sailor, Australian rugby player
    • 1975 – Bas Leinders, Belgian race car driver
    • 1976 – Tomasz Kuchar, Polish race car driver
    • 1976 – Carlos Humberto Paredes, Paraguayan footballer
    • 1976 – Anna Smashnova, Belarusian-Israeli tennis player
    • 1977 – Bryan Budd, Northern Ireland-born English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 2006)
    • 1979 – Chris Mihm, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Mai Nakamura, Japanese swimmer
    • 1979 – Kim Rhode, American sport shooter
    • 1979 – Nathan Rogers, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – Konstantin Skrylnikov, Russian footballer
    • 1980 – Adam Scott, Australian golfer
    • 1981 – Giuseppe Di Masi, Italian footballer
    • 1981 – Robert Kranjec, Slovenian ski jumper
    • 1981 – Zach Randolph, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Vicente Rodríguez, Spanish footballer
    • 1982 – André Greipel, German cyclist
    • 1982 – Carli Lloyd, American soccer player
    • 1982 – Michael Umaña, Costa Rican footballer
    • 1983 – Duncan Keith, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Hayanari Shimoda, Japanese race car driver
    • 1984 – Attila Szabó, Hungarian decathlete
    • 1985 – Mārtiņš Kravčenko, Latvian basketball player
    • 1986 – Dustin Boyd, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Misako Uno, Japanese actress, singer, and fashion designer
    • 1987 – Mousa Dembélé, Belgian footballer
    • 1987 – AnnaLynne McCord, American actress and producer
    • 1987 – Knowshon Moreno, American football player
    • 1988 – Sergio Busquets, Spanish footballer
    • 1989 – Gareth Bale, Welsh footballer
    • 1990 – Bureta Faraimo, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1990 – Wizkid, Nigerian singer and songwriter
    • 1990 – Johann Zarco, French motorcycle racer
    • 1991 – Nate Schmidt, American ice hockey player
    • 1991 – Andros Townsend, English footballer
    • 1996 – Daniel Pearson, English actor and presenter

    Deaths on July 16

    • 784 – Fulrad, Frankish diplomat and saint (b. 710)
    • 866 – Irmgard, Frankish abbess
    • 1212 – William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale
    • 1216 – Pope Innocent III (b. 1160)
    • 1324 – Emperor Go-Uda of Japan (b. 1267)
    • 1342 – Charles I of Hungary (b. 1288)
    • 1344 – An-Nasir Ahmad, Sultan of Egypt (b. 1316)
    • 1509 – João da Nova, Portuguese explorer (b. 1460)
    • 1546 – Anne Askew, English author and poet (b. 1520)
    • 1557 – Anne of Cleves (b. 1515)
    • 1576 – Isabella de’ Medici, Italian noble (b. 1542)
    • 1647 – Masaniello, Italian rebel (b. 1622)
    • 1664 – Andreas Gryphius, German poet and playwright (b. 1616)
    • 1686 – John Pearson, English bishop and scholar (b. 1612)
    • 1691 – François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, French politician, French Secretary of State for War (b. 1641)
    • 1729 – Johann David Heinichen, German composer and theorist (b. 1683)
    • 1747 – Giuseppe Crespi, Italian painter (b. 1665)
    • 1770 – Francis Cotes, English painter and academic (b. 1726)
    • 1796 – George Howard, English field marshal and politician (b. 1718)
    • 1831 – Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, French-Russian general (b. 1763)
    • 1849 – Sarah Allen, African-American missionary for the African Methodist Episcopal Church (b. 1764)
    • 1868 – Dmitry Pisarev, Russian author and critic (b. 1840)
    • 1879 – Edward Deas Thomson, Scottish-Australian politician, 3rd Chief Secretary of New South Wales (b. 1800)
    • 1882 – Mary Todd Lincoln, First Lady of the United States 1861-1865 (b. 1818)
    • 1886 – Ned Buntline, American journalist and author (b. 1823)
    • 1896 – Edmond de Goncourt, French critic and publisher, founded Académie Goncourt (b. 1822)
    • 1915 – Ellen G. White, American theologian and author (b. 1827)
    • 1917 – Philipp Scharwenka, German composer and educator (b. 1847)
    • 1939 – Bartholomeus Roodenburch, Dutch swimmer (b. 1866)
    • 1949 – Vyacheslav Ivanov, Russian poet and playwright (b. 1866)
    • 1953 – Hilaire Belloc, French-born British writer and historian (b. 1870)
    • 1954 – Herms Niel, German soldier, trombonist, and composer (b. 1888)
    • 1960 – Albert Kesselring, German field marshal (b. 1881)
    • 1960 – John P. Marquand, American author (b. 1893)
    • 1964 – Rauf Orbay, Turkish colonel and politician, Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1881)
    • 1965 – Boris Artzybasheff, Ukrainian-American illustrator (b.1899)
    • 1969 – James Scott Douglas, English-born Scottish race car driver and 6th Baronet Douglas (b. 1930)
    • 1981 – Harry Chapin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1942)
    • 1982 – Charles Robberts Swart, South African lawyer and politician, 1st State President of South Africa (b. 1894)
    • 1985 – Heinrich Böll, German novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 1985 – Wayne King, American saxophonist, songwriter, and bandleader (b. 1901)
    • 1989 – Herbert von Karajan, Austrian conductor and manager (b. 1908)
    • 1990 – Robert Blackburn, Irish educator (b. 1927)
    • 1990 – Miguel Muñoz, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1922)
    • 1991 – Meindert DeJong, Dutch-American soldier and author (b. 1906)
    • 1991 – Robert Motherwell, American painter and academic (b. 1915)
    • 1991 – Frank Rizzo, American police officer and politician, 93rd Mayor of Philadelphia (b. 1920)
    • 1992 – Buck Buchanan, American football player and coach (b. 1940)
    • 1994 – Julian Schwinger, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
    • 1995 – May Sarton, American playwright and novelist (b. 1912)
    • 1995 – Stephen Spender, English author and poet (b. 1909)
    • 1996 – Adolf von Thadden, German lieutenant and politician (b. 1921)
    • 1998 – John Henrik Clarke, American historian and scholar (b. 1915)
    • 1999 – John F. Kennedy Jr., American lawyer and publisher (b. 1960)
    • 1999 – Alan Macnaughton, Canadian lawyer and politician, Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons (b. 1903)
    • 2001 – Morris, Belgian cartoonist (b. 1923)
    • 2002 – John Cocke, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1925)
    • 2003 – Celia Cruz, Cuban-American singer and actress (b. 1925)
    • 2003 – Carol Shields, American-Canadian novelist and short story writer (b. 1935)
    • 2004 – George Busbee, American lawyer and politician, 77th Governor of Georgia (b. 1927)
    • 2004 – Charles Sweeney, American general and pilot (b. 1919)
    • 2005 – Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (b. 1920)
    • 2005 – Camillo Felgen, Luxembourgian singer-songwriter and radio host (b. 1920)
    • 2006 – Winthrop Paul Rockefeller, American businessman and politician, 13th Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas (b. 1948)
    • 2007 – Caterina Bueno, Italian singer and historian (b. 1943)
    • 2008 – Jo Stafford, American singer (b. 1917)
    • 2008 – Lindsay Thompson, Australian politician, 40th Premier of Victoria (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Forrest Blue, American football player (b. 1944)
    • 2012 – William Asher, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Stephen Covey, American businessman and author (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – Gilbert Esau, American businessman and politician (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Ed Lincoln, Brazilian bassist, pianist, and composer (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – Masaharu Matsushita, Japanese businessman (b. 1913)
    • 2012 – Kitty Wells, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1919)
    • 2013 – Alex Colville, Canadian painter and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Marv Rotblatt, American baseball player (1927)
    • 2014 – Karl Albrecht, German businessman, co-founded Aldi (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Mary Ellen Otremba, American educator and politician (b. 1950)
    • 2014 – Johnny Winter, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)
    • 2014 – Heinz Zemanek, Austrian computer scientist and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Denis Avey, English soldier, engineer, and author (b. 1919)
    • 2015 – Evelyn Ebsworth, English chemist and academic (b. 1933)
    • 2015 – Alcides Ghiggia, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Jack Goody, English anthropologist, author, and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2017 – George Romero, American filmmaker (b. 1940)

    Holidays and observances on July 16

    • Christian feast day:
      • Gondulphus of Tongeren
      • Helier
      • Our Lady of Mount Carmel
        • Fiesta de La Tirana (Tarapacá Region, Chile)
      • Reineldis
      • July 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Engineer’s Day (Honduras)
    • Holocaust Memorial Day (France)

  • July 15 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 484 BC – Dedication of the Temple of Castor and Pollux in ancient Rome
    • AD 70 – Titus and his armies breach the walls of Jerusalem. (17th of Tammuz in the Hebrew calendar).
    • 756 – An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong of Tang is ordered by his Imperial Guards to execute chancellor Yang Guozhong by forcing him to commit suicide or face a mutiny. General An Lushan has other members of the emperor’s family killed.
    • 1099 – First Crusade: Christian soldiers take the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem after the final assault of a difficult siege.
    • 1149 – The reconstructed Church of the Holy Sepulchre is consecrated in Jerusalem.
    • 1207 – King John of England expels Canterbury monks for supporting Archbishop Stephen Langton.
    • 1240 – Swedish–Novgorodian Wars: A Novgorodian army led by Alexander Nevsky defeats the Swedes in the Battle of the Neva.
    • 1381 – John Ball, a leader in the Peasants’ Revolt, is hanged, drawn, and quartered in the presence of King Richard II of England.
    • 1410 – Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War: Battle of Grunwald: The allied forces of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the army of the Teutonic Order.
    • 1482 – Muhammad XII is crowned the twenty-second and last Nasrid king of Granada.
    • 1738 – Baruch Laibov and Alexander Voznitzin are burned alive in St. Petersburg, Russia. Vonitzin had converted to Judaism with Laibov’s help, with the consent of Empress Anna Ivanovna.
    • 1741 – Aleksei Chirikov sights land in Southeast Alaska. He sends men ashore in a longboat, making them the first Europeans to visit Alaska.
    • 1789 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, is named by acclamation Colonel General of the new National Guard of Paris.
    • 1799 – The Rosetta Stone is found in the Egyptian village of Rosetta by French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard during Napoleon’s Egyptian Campaign.
    • 1806 – Pike Expedition: United States Army Lieutenant Zebulon Pike begins an expedition from Fort Bellefontaine near St. Louis, Missouri, to explore the west.
    • 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon Bonaparte surrenders aboard HMS Bellerophon.
    • 1823 – A fire destroys the ancient Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome, Italy.
    • 1834 – The Spanish Inquisition is officially disbanded after nearly 356 years.
    • 1838 – Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
    • 1862 – The CSS Arkansas, the most effective ironclad on the Mississippi River, battles with Union ships commanded by Admiral David Farragut, severely damaging three ships and sustaining heavy damage herself. The encounter changed the complexion of warfare on the Mississippi and helped to reverse Rebel fortunes on the river in the summer of 1862.
    • 1870 – Reconstruction Era of the United States: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
    • 1870 – Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson’s Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories.
    • 1888 – The stratovolcano Mount Bandai erupts killing approximately 500 people, in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.
    • 1910 – In his book Clinical Psychiatry, Emil Kraepelin gives a name to Alzheimer’s disease, naming it after his colleague Alois Alzheimer.
    • 1916 – In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing and George Conrad Westervelt incorporate Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing).
    • 1918 – World War I: The Second Battle of the Marne begins near the River Marne with a German attack.
    • 1920 – The Polish Parliament establishes Silesian Voivodeship before the Polish-German plebiscite.
    • 1922 – Japanese Communist Party is established in Japan.
    • 1927 – Massacre of July 15, 1927: Eighty-nine protesters are killed by the Austrian police in Vienna.
    • 1946 – State of North Borneo, today in Sabah, Malaysia, annexed by the United Kingdom.
    • 1954 – First flight of the Boeing 367-80, prototype for both the Boeing 707 and C-135 series.
    • 1955 – Eighteen Nobel laureates sign the Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons, later co-signed by thirty-four others.
    • 1959 – The steel strike of 1959 begins, leading to significant importation of foreign steel for the first time in United States history.
    • 1966 – Vietnam War: The United States and South Vietnam begin Operation Hastings to push the North Vietnamese out of the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone.
    • 1971 – The United Red Army is founded in Japan.
    • 1974 – In Nicosia, Cyprus, Greek junta-sponsored nationalists launch a coup d’état, deposing President Makarios and installing Nikos Sampson as Cypriot president.
    • 1975 – Space Race: Apollo–Soyuz Test Project features the dual launch of an Apollo spacecraft and a Soyuz spacecraft on the first joint Soviet-United States human-crewed flight. It was both the last launch of an Apollo spacecraft, and the Saturn family of rockets.
    • 1979 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter gives his “malaise speech”.
    • 1983 – An attack at Orly Airport in Paris is launched by Armenian militant organisation ASALA, leaving eight people dead and 55 injured.
    • 1996 – A Belgian Air Force C-130 Hercules carrying the Royal Netherlands Army marching band crashes on landing at Eindhoven Airport.
    • 1998 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP S. Shanmuganathan is killed by a claymore mine.
    • 2002 – “American Taliban” John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and to possession of explosives during the commission of a felony.
    • 2002 – Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan hands down the death sentence to British born Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and life terms to three others suspected of murdering The Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
    • 2003 – AOL Time Warner disbands Netscape. The Mozilla Foundation is established on the same day.
    • 2006 – Twitter, later one of the largest social media platforms in the world, is launched.
    • 2014 – A train derails on the Moscow Metro, killing at least 24 and injuring more than 160 others.
    • 2016 – Factions of the Turkish Armed Forces attempt a coup.

    Births on July 15

    • 980 – Ichijō, Japanese emperor (d. 1011)
    • 1273 – Ewostatewos, Ethiopian monk and saint (d. 1352)
    • 1353 – Vladimir the Bold, Russian prince (d. 1410)
    • 1359 – Antonio Correr, Italian cardinal (d. 1445)
    • 1442 – Boček IV of Poděbrady, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1496)
    • 1455 – Queen Yun, Korean queen (d. 1482)
    • 1471 – Eskender, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1494)
    • 1478 – Barbara Jagiellon, duchess consort of Saxony and Margravine consort of Meissen (d. 1534)
    • 1573 – Inigo Jones, English architect, designed the Queen’s House (d. 1652)
    • 1600 – Jan Cossiers, Flemish painter (d. 1671)
    • 1606 – Rembrandt, Dutch painter and etcher (d. 1669)
    • 1611 – Jai Singh I, maharaja of Jaipur (d. 1667)
    • 1613 – Gu Yanwu, Chinese philologist and geographer (d. 1682)
    • 1631 – Jens Juel, Danish politician and diplomat, Governor-general of Norway (d. 1700)
    • 1631 – Richard Cumberland, English philosopher (d. 1718)
    • 1638 – Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1693)
    • 1704 – August Gottlieb Spangenberg, German bishop and theologian (d. 1792)
    • 1779 – Clement Clarke Moore, American author, poet, and educator (d. 1863)
    • 1793 – Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, American educator, author, editor (d. 1884)
    • 1796 – Thomas Bulfinch, American mythologist (d. 1867)
    • 1799 – Reuben Chapman, American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Alabama (d. 1882)
    • 1800 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (d. 1878)
    • 1808 – Henry Edward Manning, English cardinal (d. 1892)
    • 1812 – James Hope-Scott, English lawyer and academic (d. 1873)
    • 1817 – Sir John Fowler, 1st Baronet, English engineer, designed the Forth Bridge (d. 1898)
    • 1827 – W. W. Thayer American lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of Oregon (d. 1899)
    • 1848 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist and sociologist (d. 1923)
    • 1850 – Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American nun and saint (d. 1917)
    • 1852 – Josef Josephi, Polish-born singer and actor (d. 1920)
    • 1858 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English political activist and suffragist (d. 1928)
    • 1864 – Marie Tempest, English actress and singer (d. 1942)
    • 1865 – Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, Anglo-Irish businessman and publisher, founded the Amalgamated Press (d. 1922)
    • 1865 – Wilhelm Wirtinger, Austrian-German mathematician and theorist (d. 1945)
    • 1867 – Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French physician and explorer (d. 1936)
    • 1871 – Doppo Kunikida, Japanese journalist, author, and poet (d. 1908)
    • 1880 – Enrique Mosca, Argentinian lawyer and politician (d. 1950)
    • 1887 – Wharton Esherick, American sculptor (d. 1970)
    • 1892 – Walter Benjamin, German philosopher and critic (d. 1940)
    • 1893 – Enid Bennett, Australian-American actress (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – Dick Rauch, American football player and coach (d. 1970)
    • 1894 – Tadeusz Sendzimir, Polish-American engineer (d. 1989)
    • 1899 – Seán Lemass, Irish soldier and politician, 4th Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 1971)
    • 1902 – Jean Rey, Belgian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of the European Commission (d. 1983)
    • 1903 – Walter D. Edmonds, American journalist and author (d. 1998)
    • 1903 – K. Kamaraj, Indian journalist and politician (d. 1975)
    • 1904 – Rudolf Arnheim, German-American psychologist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1905 – Dorothy Fields, American songwriter (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Anita Farra, Italian actress (d. 2008)
    • 1906 – R. S. Mugali, Indian poet and academic (d. 1993)
    • 1906 – Rudolf Uhlenhaut, English-German engineer (d. 1989)
    • 1909 – Jean Hamburger, French physician and surgeon (d. 1992)
    • 1911 – Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton, English geographer and politician, Secretary of State for Air (d. 1994)
    • 1913 – Cowboy Copas, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1963)
    • 1913 – Hammond Innes, English journalist and author (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Abraham Sutzkever, Russian poet and author (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, Pakistani economist, scholar, and activist (d. 1999)
    • 1914 – Howard Vernon, Swiss-French actor (d. 1996)
    • 1915 – Albert Ghiorso, American chemist and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1915 – Kashmir Singh Katoch, Indian army officer (d. 2007)
    • 1916 – Sumner Gerard, American politician and diplomat (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Robert Conquest, English-American historian, poet, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1917 – Joan Roberts, American actress and singer (d. 2012)
    • 1917 – Nur Muhammad Taraki, Afghan journalist and politician (d. 1979)
    • 1918 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
    • 1918 – Brenda Milner, English-Canadian neuropsychologist and academic
    • 1919 – Fritz Langanke, German lieutenant (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Iris Murdoch, Anglo-Irish British novelist and philosopher (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Jack Beeson, American pianist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Henri Colpi, Swiss-French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Robert Bruce Merrifield, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Jean Heywood, British actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – Leon M. Lederman, American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2018)
    • 1922 – Jean-Pierre Richard, French writer (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Francisco de Andrade, Portuguese sailor
    • 1924 – Jeremiah Denton, American admiral and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Marianne Bernadotte, Swedish actress and philanthropist
    • 1925 – Philip Carey, American actor (d. 2009)
    • 1925 – Taylor Hardwick, American architect, designed Haydon Burns Library and Friendship Fountain Park (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – D. A. Pennebaker, American documentary filmmaker (d. 2019)
    • 1925 – Evan Hultman, American politician
    • 1925 – Antony Carbone, American actor
    • 1925 – Pandel Savic, American football player (d. 2018)
    • 1926 – Driss Chraïbi, Moroccan-French journalist and author (d. 2007)
    • 1926 – Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentinian general and politician, 44th President of Argentina (d. 2003)
    • 1926 – Raymond Gosling, English physicist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1926 – Sir John Graham, 4th Baronet, English diplomat (d. 2019)
    • 1927 – Nan Martin, American actress (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Carmen Zapata, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Håkon Brusveen, Norwegian cross-country skier
    • 1928 – Carl Woese, American microbiologist and biophysicist (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Viramachaneni Vimla Devi, Indian parliamentarian (d. 1967)
    • 1929 – Charles Anthony, American tenor and actor (d. 2012)
    • 1929 – Francis Bebey, Cameroonian-French guitarist (d. 2001)
    • 1929 – Ian Stewart, Scottish race car driver (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Richard Garneau, Canadian journalist and sportscaster (d. 2013)
    • 1930 – Stephen Smale, American mathematician and computer scientist
    • 1930 – Einosuke Akiya, Japanese Buddhist leader
    • 1931 – Clive Cussler, American archaeologist and author (d. 2020)
    • 1931 – Joanna Merlin, American actress and casting director
    • 1931 – Jacques-Yvan Morin, Canadian lawyer and politician, Deputy Premier of Quebec
    • 1932 – Ed Litzenberger, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – Guido Crepax, Italian author and illustrator (d. 2003)
    • 1933 – M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Indian author and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Harrison Birtwistle, English composer and academic
    • 1934 – Eva Krížiková, Czech actress (d. 2020)
    • 1934 – Risto Jarva, Finnish director and producer (d. 1977)
    • 1935 – Donn Clendenon, American baseball player and lawyer (d. 2005)
    • 1935 – Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Ken Kercheval, American actor and director (d. 2019)
    • 1936 – George Voinovich, American lawyer and politician, 65th Governor of Ohio (d. 2016)
    • 1937 – Prabhash Joshi, Indian journalist (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Ernie Barnes, American football player, actor, and painter (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Carmen Callil, Australian publisher, founded Virago Press
    • 1938 – Barry Goldwater, Jr., American lawyer and politician
    • 1939 – Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Portuguese economist and politician, 19th President of the Portuguese Republic
    • 1940 – Denis Héroux, Canadian director and producer (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Ronald Gene Simmons, American sergeant and convicted murderer (d. 1990)
    • 1940 – Robert Winston, English surgeon, academic, and politician
    • 1942 – Vivian Malone Jones, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)
    • 1943 – Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Northern Irish astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
    • 1944 – Millie Jackson, American singer-songwriter
    • 1945 – Jan-Michael Vincent, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – David Arthur Granger, Guyanese politician, 9th President of Guyana
    • 1945 – Peter Lewis (musician), American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1945 – Jürgen Möllemann, German soldier and politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany (d. 2003)
    • 1946 – Linda Ronstadt, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1946 – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei
    • 1947 – Peter Banks, English guitarist and songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1947 – Lydia Davis, American short story writer, novelist, and essayist
    • 1947 – Pridiyathorn Devakula, Thai economist and politician, Thai Minister of Finance
    • 1947 – Roky Erickson, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019)
    • 1948 – Twinkle, English singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1948 – Dimosthenis Kourtovik, Greek anthropologist and critic
    • 1948 – Artimus Pyle, American rock drummer and songwriter (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
    • 1949 – Carl Bildt, Swedish politician and diplomat, Prime Minister of Sweden
    • 1949 – Trevor Horn, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1949 – Richard Russo, American novelist, short story writer, and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Colin Barnett, Australian economist and politician, 29th Premier of Western Australia
    • 1950 – Arianna Huffington, Greek-American journalist and publisher (The Huffington Post)
    • 1951 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1951 – Jesse Ventura, American wrestler, actor, and politician, 38th Governor of Minnesota
    • 1952 – David Pack, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1952 – Celia Imrie, English actress
    • 1952 – Terry O’Quinn, American actor
    • 1952 – Marky Ramone, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1952 – Johnny Thunders, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1991)
    • 1953 – Jean-Bertrand Aristide, Haitian priest and politician, 49th President of Haiti
    • 1953 – Sultanah Haminah, Malaysian royal consort
    • 1953 – Mohamad Shahrum Osman, Malaysian politician
    • 1953 – Alicia Bridges, American singer-songwriter
    • 1954 – John Ferguson, Australian rugby league player
    • 1954 – Jeff Jarvis, American journalist and blogger
    • 1954 – Giorgos Kaminis, American-Greek lawyer and politician, 78th Mayor of Athens
    • 1954 – Mario Kempes, Argentinian footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Ashoke Sen, Indian theoretical physicist and string theorist
    • 1956 – Ian Curtis, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Joy Division) (d. 1980)
    • 1956 – Nicholas Harberd, British botanist, educator and academician
    • 1956 – Barry Melrose, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1956 – Steve Mortimer, Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator
    • 1956 – Joe Satriani, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1956 – Wayne Taylor, South African race car driver
    • 1958 – Gary Heale, English footballer and coach
    • 1958 – Mac Thornberry, American lawyer and politician
    • 1959 – Vincent Lindon, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Kim Alexis, American fashion model
    • 1961 – Lolita Davidovich, Canadian actress
    • 1961 – Jean-Christophe Grangé, French journalist and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Scott Ritter, American soldier and international weapons inspector
    • 1961 – Forest Whitaker, American actor
    • 1962 – Nikos Filippou, Greek basketball player and manager
    • 1962 – Michelle Ford, Australian swimmer
    • 1963 – Brigitte Nielsen, Danish-Italian actress
    • 1963 – Steve Thomas, English-Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Alistair Carmichael, Scottish lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1965 – Gero Miesenböck, Austrian neuroscientist and educator
    • 1965 – David Miliband, English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
    • 1966 – Jason Bonham, English singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1966 – Irène Jacob, French-Swiss actress
    • 1967 – Adam Savage, American actor and special effects designer
    • 1967 – Elbert West, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1968 – Eddie Griffin, American comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1969 – Ain Tammus, Estonian footballer and coach
    • 1970 – Tarkan Gözübüyük, Turkish bass player and producer
    • 1972 – Scott Foley, American actor
    • 1973 – Brian Austin Green, American actor
    • 1975 – Cherry, American wrestler and manager
    • 1975 – Danny Law, English cricketer
    • 1975 – Ben Pepper, Australian basketball player
    • 1976 – Steve Cunningham, American boxer
    • 1976 – Marco Di Vaio, Italian footballer
    • 1976 – Diane Kruger, German actress and model
    • 1976 – Gabriel Iglesias, Mexican-American comedian and voice actor
    • 1977 – André Nel, South African cricketer
    • 1977 – Lana Parrilla, American actress
    • 1977 – John St. Clair, American football player
    • 1977 – Ray Toro, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Miguel Olivo, Dominican baseball player
    • 1979 – Laura Benanti, American actress and singer
    • 1979 – Alexander Frei, Swiss footballer
    • 1979 – Edda Garðarsdóttir, Icelandic footballer
    • 1979 – Renata Kučerová, Czech tennis player
    • 1980 – Reggie Abercrombie, American baseball player
    • 1980 – BxB Hulk, Japanese professional wrestler
    • 1980 – Jonathan Cheechoo, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Julia Perez, Indonesian singer and actress (d. 2017)
    • 1981 – Alou Diarra, French footballer
    • 1981 – Petros Klampanis, Greek bassist and composer
    • 1981 – Marius Stankevičius, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1982 – Alan Pérez, Spanish cyclist
    • 1982 – Neemia Tialata, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1982 – Aída Yéspica, Venezuelan model and actress
    • 1983 – Nelson Merlo, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1983 – Will Rudge, English cricketer
    • 1983 – Heath Slater, American wrestler
    • 1984 – Angelo Siniscalchi, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Veronika Velez-Zuzulová, Slovak skier
    • 1985 – Sanjeev, Tamil actor
    • 1985 – Tomer Kapon, Israeli actor
    • 1986 – Tyler Kennedy, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1988 – Riki Christodoulou, English race car driver
    • 1989 – Steven Jahn, German footballer
    • 1989 – Alisa Kleybanova, Russian tennis player
    • 1989 – Anthony Randolph, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Zach Bogosian, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Damian Lillard, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Danilo, Brazilian footballer
    • 1991 – Derrick Favors, American basketball player
    • 1991 – Evgeny Tishchenko, Russian boxer
    • 1992 – Tobias Harris, American basketball player
    • 1992 – Hokutōfuji Daiki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1992 – Wayde van Niekerk, South African sprinter
    • 1993 – Håvard Nielsen, Norwegian footballer

    Deaths on July 15

    • 756 – Yang Guifei, consort of Xuan Zong (b. 719)
    • 998 – Abū al-Wafā’ Būzjānī, Persian mathematician and astronomer (b. 940)
    • 1015 – Vladimir the Great, Grand prince of Kievan Rus’ (b. c. 958)
    • 1274 – Bonaventure, Italian bishop and saint (b. 1221)
    • 1291 – Rudolf I of Germany (b. 1218)
    • 1299 – King Eric II of Norway (b. c. 1268)
    • 1381 – John Ball, English Lollard priest
    • 1388 – Agnes of Durazzo, titular Latin empress consort of Constantinople (d. 1313)
    • 1397 – Catherine of Henneberg, German ruler (b. c. 1334)
    • 1406 – William, Duke of Austria
    • 1410 – Ulrich von Jungingen, German Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (b. 1360)
    • 1445 – Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland
    • 1542 – Lisa del Giocondo, subject of Leonardo da Vinci’s painting Mona Lisa (b. 1479)
    • 1544 – René of Châlon (b. 1519)
    • 1571 – Shimazu Takahisa, Japanese daimyō (b. 1514)
    • 1609 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter and illustrator (b. 1560)
    • 1614 – Pierre de Bourdeille, seigneur de Brantôme, French soldier, historian, and author (b. 1540)
    • 1655 – Girolamo Rainaldi, Italian architect (b. 1570)
    • 1685 – James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, Dutch-English general and politician, Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull (b. 1649)
    • 1750 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (b. 1686)
    • 1765 – Charles-André van Loo, French painter (b. 1705)
    • 1767 – Michael Bruce, Scottish poet and composer (b. 1746)
    • 1789 – Jacques Duphly, French harpsichord player and composer (b. 1715)
    • 1828 – Jean-Antoine Houdon, French sculptor (b. 1741)
    • 1839 – Winthrop Mackworth Praed, English poet and politician (b. 1802)
    • 1844 – Claude Charles Fauriel, French philologist and historian (b. 1772)
    • 1851 – Juan Felipe Ibarra, Argentinian general and politician (b. 1787)
    • 1857 – Carl Czerny, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1791)
    • 1858 – Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (b. 1806)
    • 1883 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer (b. 1838)
    • 1885 – Rosalía de Castro, Spanish author and poet (b. 1837)
    • 1890 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (b. 1819)
    • 1898 – Jean-Baptiste Salpointe, French-American archbishop (d. 1825)
    • 1904 – Anton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short story writer (b. 1860)
    • 1919 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
    • 1929 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1874)
    • 1930 – Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1845)
    • 1931 – Ladislaus Bortkiewicz, Russian-German economist and mathematician (b. 1868)
    • 1932 – Bahíyyih Khánum, Iranian writer and leader in the Baha’i faith (b. 1846)
    • 1932 – Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven, South African poet and politician (b. 1873)
    • 1933 – Irving Babbitt, American scholar, critic, and academic (b. 1865)
    • 1933 – Freddie Keppard, American cornet player (b. 1890)
    • 1940 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and physician (b. 1857)
    • 1940 – Robert Wadlow, American giant, 8″11′ 271 cm (b.1918)
    • 1942 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1910)
    • 1944 – Marie-Victorin Kirouac, Canadian botanist and academic (b. 1885)
    • 1946 – Razor Smith, English cricketer and coach (b. 1877)
    • 1947 – Walter Donaldson, American soldier and songwriter (b. 1893)
    • 1948 – John J. Pershing, American general (b. 1860)
    • 1953 – Geevarghese Mar Ivanios, Indian archbishop, founded the Order of the Imitation of Christ (b. 1882)
    • 1957 – James M. Cox, American publisher and politician, 46th Governor of Ohio (b. 1870)
    • 1957 – Vasily Maklakov, Russian lawyer and politician (b. 1869)
    • 1959 – Ernest Bloch, Swiss-American composer and academic (b. 1880)
    • 1959 – Vance Palmer, Australian author and critic (b. 1885)
    • 1960 – Set Persson, Swedish politician (b. 1897)
    • 1960 – Lawrence Tibbett, American singer and actor (b. 1896)
    • 1961 – John Edward Brownlee, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Alberta (b. 1884)
    • 1961. – Nina Bari, Russian mathematician (b. 1901)
    • 1965 – Francis Cherry, American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Arkansas (b. 1908)
    • 1966 – Seyfi Arkan, Turkish architect (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Christine Chubbuck, American journalist (b. 1944)
    • 1976 – Paul Gallico, American journalist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1977 – Donald Mackay, Australian businessman and activist (b. 1933)
    • 1979 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Mexican academic and politician, 29th President of Mexico, 1964-1970 (b. 1911)
    • 1981 – Frédéric Dorion, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1898)
    • 1982 – Bill Justis, American saxophonist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1926)
    • 1986 – Billy Haughton, American harness racer and trainer (b. 1923)
    • 1988 – Eleanor Estes, American librarian, author, and illustrator (b. 1906)
    • 1989 – Laurie Cunningham, English footballer (b. 1956)
    • 1990 – Zaim Topčić, Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (b. 1920)
    • 1990 – Margaret Lockwood, English actress (b. 1916)
    • 1990 – Omar Abu Risha, Syrian poet and diplomat, 4th Syrian Ambassador to the United States (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (b. 1933)
    • 1992 – Hammer DeRoburt, Nauruan educator and politician, 1st President of Nauru (b. 1922)
    • 1992 – Chingiz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani journalist and author (b. 1960)
    • 1997 – Justinas Lagunavičius, Lithuanian basketball player (b. 1924)
    • 1997 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer, founded Versace (b. 1946)
    • 1998 – S. Shanmuganathan, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1960)
    • 2000 – Louis Quilico, Canadian opera singer and educator (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – C. Balasingham, Sri Lankan lawyer and civil servant (b. 1917)
    • 2003 – Roberto Bolaño, Chilean novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essayist (b. 1953)
    • 2003 – Elisabeth Welch, American actress and singer (b. 1904)
    • 2006 – Robert H. Brooks, American businessman, founder of Hooters and Naturally Fresh, Inc. (b. 1937)
    • 2006 – Alireza Shapour Shahbazi, Iranian archaeologist and academic (b. 1942)
    • 2008 – György Kolonics, Hungarian canoe racer (b. 1972)
    • 2010 – James E. Akins, American politician and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia (b. 1926)
    • 2011 – Friedrich Wilhelm Schnitzler, German landowner and politician (b. 1928)
    • 2011 – Googie Withers, British-Australian actress (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Boris Cebotari, Moldovan footballer (b. 1975)
    • 2012 – Tsilla Chelton, Israeli-French actress (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Grant Feasel, American football player (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – David Fraser, English general (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Celeste Holm, American actress and singer (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Yoichi Takabayashi, Japanese director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Ninos Aho, Syrian-American poet and activist (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Henry Braden, American lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Tom Greenwell, American lawyer and judge (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Earl Gros, American football player (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – Noël Lee, Chinese-American pianist and composer (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Meskerem Legesse, Ethiopian runner (b. 1986)
    • 2013 – John T. Riedl, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1962)
    • 2014 – Óscar Acosta, Honduran author, poet, and diplomat (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – James MacGregor Burns, American historian, political scientist, and author (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Saúl Lara, Spanish footballer (b. 1982)
    • 2014 – Edward Perl, American neuroscientist and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – Robert A. Roe, American soldier and politician (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Masahiko Aoki, Japanese-American economist and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2015 – Wan Li, Chinese politician, 4th Vice Premier of the People’s Republic of China (b. 1916)
    • 2015 – Aubrey Morris, British actor (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Dave Somerville, Canadian singer (b. 1933)
    • 2017 – Martin Landau, American film and television actor (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances on July 15

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abhai (Syriac Orthodox Church)
      • Anne-Marie Javouhey
      • Bernhard II, Margrave of Baden-Baden
      • Bonaventure
      • Dispersion of the Apostles (No longer officially celebrated by the Catholic Church)
      • Donald of Ogilvy
      • Edith of Polesworth
      • Edith of Wilton
      • Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
      • Plechelm
      • Quriaqos and Julietta
      • Swithun
      • Vladimir the Great (Eastern Orthodox; Catholic Church)
      • July 15 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Birthday of Don Luis Muñoz Rivera can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July. (Puerto Rico)
    • Earliest day on which Galla Bayramy can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Sunday of July. (Turkmenistan)
    • Earliest day on which Marine Day can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July. (Japan)
    • Earliest day on which President’s Day (Botswana) can fall, while July 21 is the latest; celebrated on the third Monday of July.
    • Elderly Men Day (Kiribati)
    • Festival of Santa Rosalia (Palermo, Sicily)
    • Sultan’s Birthday (Brunei Darussalam)

  • July 13 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 587 BC – Babylon’s siege of Jerusalem ends following the destruction of Solomon’s Temple.
    • 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
    • 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
    • 1260 – The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    • 1558 – Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
    • 1573 – Eighty Years’ War: The Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.
    • 1643 – English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down: In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.
    • 1787 – The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.
    • 1793 – Journalist and French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat is assassinated in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday, a member of the opposing political faction.
    • 1794 – The Battle of Trippstadt is fought between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
    • 1814 – The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is established.
    • 1830 – The General Assembly’s Institution, now the Scottish Church College, one of the pioneering institutions that ushered the Bengali Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.
    • 1831 – Regulamentul Organic, a quasi-constitutional organic law is adopted in Wallachia, one of the two Danubian Principalities that were to become the basis of Romania.
    • 1854 – In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General José María Yáñez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
    • 1863 – New York City draft riots: In New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.
    • 1878 – Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1919 – The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
    • 1941 – World War II: Montenegrins begin a popular uprising against the Axis powers (Trinaestojulski ustanak).
    • 1956 – The Dartmouth workshop is the first conference on artificial intelligence.
    • 1962 – In an unprecedented action, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan dismisses seven members of his Cabinet, marking the effective end of the National Liberals as a distinct force within British politics.
    • 1973 – Watergate scandal: Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of a secret Oval Office taping system to investigators for the Senate Watergate Committee.
    • 1977 – Somalia declares war on Ethiopia, starting the Ogaden War.
    • 1977 – New York City: Amidst a period of financial and social turmoil experiences an electrical blackout lasting nearly 24 hours that leads to widespread fires and looting.
    • 1985 – The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Moscow and Sydney.
    • 1985 – Vice President George H. W. Bush becomes the Acting President for the day when President Ronald Reagan undergoes surgery to remove polyps from his colon.
    • 2003 – French DGSE personnel abort an operation to rescue Íngrid Betancourt from FARC rebels in Colombia, causing a political scandal when details are leaked to the press.
    • 2008 – Battle of Wanat begins when Taliban and al-Qaeda guerrillas attack US Army and Afghan National Army troops in Afghanistan. The U.S. deaths were, at that time, the most in a single battle since the beginning of operations in 2001.
    • 2011 – Mumbai is rocked by three bomb blasts during the evening rush hour, killing 26 and injuring 130.
    • 2011 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 1999 is adopted, which admits South Sudan to member status of the United Nations.
    • 2013 – Typhoon Soulik kills at least nine people and affects more than 160 million in East China and Taiwan.
    • 2016 – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom David Cameron resigns, and is succeeded by Theresa May.

    Births on July 13

    • 100 BC – Julius Caesar, Roman general and statesman (d. 44 BC)
    • 1426 – Anne Neville, Countess of Warwick (d. 1492)
    • 1478 – Giulio d’Este, illegitimate son of Italian noble (d. 1561)
    • 1470 – Francesco Armellini Pantalassi de’ Medici, Catholic cardinal (d. 1528)
    • 1527 – John Dee, English-Welsh mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer (d. 1609)
    • 1579 – Arthur Dee, English physician and chemist (d. 1651)
    • 1590 – Pope Clement X (d. 1676)
    • 1606 – Roland Fréart de Chambray (d. 1676)
    • 1607 – Wenceslaus Hollar, Czech-English painter and illustrator (d. 1677)
    • 1608 – Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1657)
    • 1745 – Robert Calder, Scottish-English admiral (d. 1818)
    • 1756 – Thomas Rowlandson, English artist and caricaturist (d. 1827)
    • 1760 – István Pauli, Hungarian-Slovene priest and poet (d. 1829)
    • 1770 – Alexander Balashov, Russian general and politician, Russian Minister of Police (d. 1837)
    • 1793 – John Clare, English poet and author (d. 1864)
    • 1821 – Nathan Bedford Forrest, American general and first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan (d. 1877)
    • 1831 – Arthur Böttcher, German pathologist and anatomist (d. 1889)
    • 1841 – Otto Wagner, Austrian architect, designed the Austrian Postal Savings Bank and Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station (d. 1918)
    • 1858 – Stewart Culin, American ethnographer and author (d. 1929)
    • 1859 – Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield, English economist and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (d. 1947)
    • 1863 – Margaret Murray, British archaeologist, anthropologist, historian, and folklorist (d. 1963)
    • 1864 – John Jacob Astor IV, American colonel and businessman (d. 1912)
    • 1877 – Robert Henry Mathews, Australian linguist and missionary (d. 1970)
    • 1884 – Yrjö Saarela, Finnish wrestler and coach (d. 1951)
    • 1889 – Emma Asson, Estonian educator and politician (d. 1965)
    • 1889 – Stan Coveleski, American baseball player (d. 1984)
    • 1892 – Léo-Pol Morin, Canadian pianist, composer, and educator (d. 1941)
    • 1892 – Jonni Myyrä, Finnish-American discus and javelin thrower (d. 1955)
    • 1894 – Isaac Babel, Russian short story writer, journalist, and playwright (d. 1940)
    • 1895 – Sidney Blackmer, American actor (d. 1973)
    • 1896 – Mordecai Ardon, Israeli painter and educator (d. 1992)
    • 1898 – Julius Schreck, German commander (d. 1936)
    • 1898 – Ivan Triesault, Estonian-born American actor (d. 1980)
    • 1900 – George Lewis, American clarinet player and songwriter (d. 1969)
    • 1901 – Eric Portman, English actor (d. 1969)
    • 1903 – Kenneth Clark, English historian and author (d. 1983)
    • 1905 – Alfredo M. Santos, Filipino general (d. 1990)
    • 1905 – Eugenio Pagnini, Italian modern pentathlete (d. 1993)
    • 1905 – Magda Foy, American child actress (d. 2000)
    • 1907 – George Weller, American author, playwright, and journalist (d. 2002)
    • 1908 – Dorothy Round, English tennis player (d. 1982)
    • 1908 – Tim Spencer, American country & western singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1974)
    • 1910 – Lien Gisolf, Dutch high jumper (d. 1993)
    • 1910 – Loren Pope, American journalist and author (d. 2008)
    • 1911 – Bob Steele (broadcaster), American radio personality (d. 2002)
    • 1913 – Dave Garroway, American journalist and television personality (d. 1982)
    • 1913 – Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, Danish businessman (d. 2012)
    • 1913 – Kay Linaker, American actress and screenwriter (d. 2008)
    • 1915 – Kaoru Ishikawa, Japanese author and educator (d. 1989)
    • 1918 – Alberto Ascari, Italian race car driver (d. 1955)
    • 1918 – Ronald Bladen, American painter and sculptor (d. 1988)
    • 1918 – Marcia Brown, American author and illustrator (d. 2015)
    • 1919 – Hau Pei-tsun, 13th Premier of the Republic of China (d. 2020)
    • 1919 – William F. Quinn, American lawyer (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Ernest Gold, Austrian-American composer and conductor (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Leslie Brooks, American actress (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Anker Jørgensen, Danish trade union leader and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – Helmy Afify Abd El-Bar, Egyptian military commander (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Ken Mosdell, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Ashley Bryan, American children’s book author and illustrator
    • 1924 – Johnny Gilbert, American game show host and announcer
    • 1925 – Suzanne Zimmerman, American competition swimmer and Olympic medalist
    • 1925 – Huang Zongying, Chinese actress and writer
    • 1926 – Robert H. Justman, American director, producer, and production manager (d. 2008)
    • 1926 – T. Loren Christianson, American politician (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Thomas Clark, American politician (d. 2020)
    • 1927 – Simone Veil, French lawyer and politician, President of the European Parliament (d. 2017)
    • 1927 – Ian Reed, Australian discus thrower
    • 1928 – Bob Crane, American actor (d. 1978)
    • 1928 – Sven Davidson, Swedish-American tennis player (d. 2008)
    • 1928 – Al Rex, American musician (d. 2020)
    • 1929 – Sofia Muratova, Russian gymnast (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Svein Ellingsen, Norwegian visual artist and hymnist (d. 2020)
    • 1930 – Sam Greenlee, American author and poet (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Naomi Shemer, Israeli singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1931 – Frank Ramsey, American basketball player and coach (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Hubert Reeves, Canadian-French astrophysicist and author
    • 1933 – David Storey, English author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – Piero Manzoni, Italian artist (d. 1963)
    • 1934 – Peter Gzowski, Canadian journalist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1934 – Gordon Lee, English footballer and manager
    • 1934 – Wole Soyinka, Nigerian author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1934 – Aleksei Yeliseyev, Russian engineer and astronaut
    • 1935 – Jack Kemp, American football player and politician, 9th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (d. 2009)
    • 1935 – Earl Lovelace, Trinidadian journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1935 – Kurt Westergaard, Danish cartoonist
    • 1936 – Albert Ayler, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1970)
    • 1937 – Ghillean Prance, English botanist and ecologist
    • 1939 – Lambert Jackson Woodburne, South African admiral (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Tom Lichtenberg, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Paul Prudhomme, American chef and author (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Patrick Stewart, English actor, director, and producer
    • 1941 – Grahame Corling, Australian cricketer
    • 1941 – Robert Forster, American actor and producer (d. 2019)
    • 1941 – Ehud Manor, Israeli songwriter and translator (d. 2005)
    • 1941 – Jacques Perrin, French actor, director, and producer
    • 1942 – Harrison Ford, American actor and producer
    • 1942 – Roger McGuinn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1943 – Chris Serle, English journalist and actor
    • 1944 – Eric Freeman, Australian cricketer
    • 1944 – Cyril Knowles, English footballer and manager (d. 1991)
    • 1944 – Erno Rubik, Hungarian game designer, architect, and educator, invented the Rubik’s Cube
    • 1945 – Ashley Mallett, Australian cricketer and author
    • 1946 – Bob Kauffman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1946 – Cheech Marin, American actor and comedian
    • 1948 – Catherine Breillat, French director and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Bryan Murray, Irish actor
    • 1950 – George Nelson, American astronomer and astronaut
    • 1950 – Ma Ying-jeou, Hong Kong-Taiwanese commander and politician, 12th President of the Republic of China
    • 1950 – Jurelang Zedkaia, Marshallese politician, 5th President of the Marshall Islands (d. 2015)
    • 1951 – Rob Bishop, American educator and politician
    • 1951 – Didi Conn, American actress and singer
    • 1953 – David Thompson, American basketball player
    • 1954 – Ray Bright, Australian cricketer
    • 1954 – Louise Mandrell, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1956 – Mark Mendoza, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1956 – Michael Spinks, American boxer
    • 1957 – Thierry Boutsen, Belgian race car driver and businessman
    • 1957 – Cameron Crowe, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1959 – Richard Leman, English field hockey player
    • 1959 – Fuziah Salleh, Malaysian politician
    • 1960 – Robert Abraham, American football player
    • 1960 – Ian Hislop, Welsh-English journalist and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Curtis Rouse, American football player (d. 2013)
    • 1961 – Tahira Asif, Pakistani politician (d. 2014)
    • 1961 – Anders Jarryd, Swedish tennis player
    • 1961 – Khalid Mahmood, Pakistani-English engineer and politician
    • 1961 – Stelios Manolas, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Tim Watson, Australian footballer, coach, and journalist
    • 1962 – Tom Kenny, American voice actor and screenwriter
    • 1962 – Rhonda Vincent, American singer-songwriter and mandolin player
    • 1963 – Neal Foulds, English snooker player and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Kenny Johnson, American actor, producer, and model
    • 1964 – Charlie Hides, American drag queen and comedian
    • 1964 – Paul Thorn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Eileen Ivers, American fiddler
    • 1965 – Colin van der Voort, Australian rugby league player
    • 1966 – Gerald Levert, American R&B singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1966 – Natalia Luis-Bassa, Venezuelan-English conductor and educator
    • 1967 – Richard Marles, Australian lawyer and politician, 50th Australian Minister for Trade and Investment
    • 1967 – Mark McGowan, Australian politician, 30th Premier of Western Australia
    • 1969 – Brad Godden, Australian rugby league player
    • 1969 – Ken Jeong, American actor, comedian, and physician
    • 1969 – Oleg Serebrian, Moldovan political scientist and politician
    • 1970 – Andrei Tivontchik, German pole vaulter and trainer
    • 1971 – Mark Neeld, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1972 – Sean Waltman, American professional wrestler
    • 1974 – Deborah Cox, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1974 – Jarno Trulli, Italian race car driver
    • 1975 – Diego Spotorno, Ecuadorian actor
    • 1975 – Mariada Pieridi, Cypriot singer-songwriter
    • 1976 – Sheldon Souray, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Chris Horn, American football player
    • 1978 – Ryan Ludwick, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Prodromos Nikolaidis, Greek basketball player
    • 1979 – Craig Bellamy, Welsh footballer
    • 1979 – Daniel Díaz, Argentinian footballer
    • 1979 – Libuše Průšová, Czech tennis player
    • 1979 – Lucinda Ruh, Swiss figure skater and coach
    • 1981 – Ágnes Kovács, Hungarian swimmer
    • 1981 – Mirco Lorenzetto, Italian cyclist
    • 1982 – Shin-Soo Choo, South Korean baseball player
    • 1982 – Simon Clist, English footballer
    • 1982 – Dominic Isaacs, South African footballer
    • 1982 – Nick Kenny, Australian rugby league player
    • 1982 – Yadier Molina, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
    • 1983 – Kristof Beyens, Belgian sprinter
    • 1983 – Marco Pomante, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Liu Xiang, Chinese hurdler
    • 1984 – Ida Maria, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1985 – Trell Kimmons, American sprinter
    • 1985 – Guillermo Ochoa, Mexican footballer
    • 1985 – Charlotte Dujardin, English equestrian
    • 1988 – Marcos Paulo Gelmini Gomes, Brazilian-Italian footballer
    • 1988 – Colton Haynes, American actor, model and singer
    • 1988 – Steven R. McQueen, American actor and model
    • 1988 – Raúl Spank, German high jumper
    • 1988 – Tulisa, English singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1989 – Leon Bridges, American soul singer, songwriter and record producer
    • 1989 – Charis Giannopoulos, Greek basketball player
    • 1990 – Kieran Foran, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1990 – Eduardo Salvio, Argentinian footballer
    • 1992 – Elise Matthysen, Belgian swimmer
    • 1993 – Daniel Bentley, English footballer
    • 1995 – Cody Bellinger, American baseball player
    • 1995 – Dante Exum, Australian basketball player
    • 2002 – Deborah Medrado, Brazilian rhythmic gymnast
    • 2003 – Wyatt Oleff, American child actor
    • 2005 – Kyle Harrison Breitkopf, Canadian child actor

    Deaths on July 13

    • 574 – John III, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 716 – Rui Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 662)
    • 815 – Wu Yuanheng, Chinese poet and politician (b. 758)
    • 884 – Huang Chao, Chinese rebel leader (b. 835)
    • 939 – Leo VII, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 982 – Gunther, margrave of Merseburg
    • 982 – Henry I, bishop of Augsburg
    • 982 – Pandulf II, Lombard prince
    • 982 – Landulf IV, Lombard prince
    • 982 – Abu’l-Qasim, Kalbid emir of Sicily
    • 1024 – Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 973)
    • 1105 – Rashi, French rabbi and commentator (b. 1040)
    • 1205 – Hubert Walter, English archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of The United Kingdom (b. 1160)
    • 1357 – Bartolus de Saxoferrato Italian academic and jurist (b. 1313)
    • 1380 – Bertrand du Guesclin, French nobleman and knight (b. 1320)
    • 1399 – Peter Parler, German architect, designed St. Vitus Cathedral and Charles Bridge (b. 1330)
    • 1399 – Jadwiga, queen of Poland (b. 1399)
    • 1402 – Jianwen, Chinese emperor (b. 1377)
    • 1491 – Afonso, Portuguese prince (b. 1475)
    • 1551 – John Wallop, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1490)
    • 1617 – Adam Wenceslaus, duke of Cieszyn (b. 1574)
    • 1621 – Albert VII, archduke of Austria (b. 1559)
    • 1626 – Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1563)
    • 1628 – Robert Shirley, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1581)
    • 1629 – Caspar Bartholin the Elder, Swedish physician and theologian (b. 1585)
    • 1683 – Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1631)
    • 1755 – Edward Braddock, Scottish general (b. 1695)
    • 1762 – James Bradley, English priest and astronomer (b. 1693)
    • 1789 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist and academic (b. 1715)
    • 1793 – Jean-Paul Marat, French physician and theorist (b. 1743)
    • 1807 – Henry Benedict Stuart, Italian cardinal (b. 1725)
    • 1881 – John C. Pemberton, American general (b. 1814)
    • 1889 – Robert Hamerling, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1830)
    • 1890 – John C. Frémont, American general and politician, 5th Territorial Governor of Arizona (b. 1813)
    • 1890 – Johann Voldemar Jannsen, Estonian journalist and poet (b. 1819)
    • 1893 – Young Man Afraid of His Horses, American tribal chief (b. 1836)
    • 1896 – August Kekulé, German chemist and academic (b. 1829)
    • 1907 – Henrik Sillem, Dutch target shooter and jurist (b. 1866)
    • 1911 – Allan McLean, Scottish-Australian politician, 19th Premier of Victoria (b. 1840)
    • 1921 – Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourger physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
    • 1922 – Martin Dies, Sr., American journalist and politician (b. 1870)
    • 1927 – Mimar Kemaleddin Bey, Turkish architect and academic, designed the Tayyare Apartments (b. 1870)
    • 1934 – Mary E. Byrd, American astronomer and academic (b. 1849)
    • 1936 – Kojo Tovalou Houénou, Beninese lawyer and politician (b. 1887)
    • 1941 – Ilmar Raud, Estonian chess player (b. 1913)
    • 1945 – Alla Nazimova, Russian-American actress, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1879)
    • 1946 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer and curator (b. 1864)
    • 1949 – Walt Kuhn, American painter and academic (b. 1877)
    • 1951 – Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian-American composer and painter (b. 1874)
    • 1954 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (b. 1907)
    • 1960 – Joy Davidman, American-English poet and author (b. 1915)
    • 1965 – Photis Kontoglou, Greek painter and illustrator (b. 1895)
    • 1967 – Tom Simpson, English cyclist (b. 1937)
    • 1970 – Leslie Groves, American general and engineer (b. 1896)
    • 1970 – Sheng Shicai, Chinese warlord (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Willy Fritsch, German actor and screenwriter (b. 1901)
    • 1974 – Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – Frederick Hawksworth, English engineer (b. 1884)
    • 1976 – Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (b. 1915)
    • 1979 – Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter and illustrator (b. 1913)
    • 1980 – Seretse Khama, Botswana lawyer and politician, 1st President of Botswana (b. 1921)
    • 1983 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian engineer and author (b. 1909)
    • 1993 – Davey Allison, American race car driver (b. 1961)
    • 1995 – Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, Danish businessman (b. 1920)
    • 1996 – Pandro S. Berman, American director, producer, and production manager (b. 1905)
    • 1997 – Miguel Ángel Blanco, Spanish politician (b. 1968)
    • 1999 – Konstantinos Kollias, Greek general and politician, 168th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1901)
    • 2000 – Jan Karski, Polish-American activist and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2003 – Compay Segundo, Cuban singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1907)
    • 2005 – Robert E. Ogren, American zoologist (b. 1922)
    • 2006 – Red Buttons, American actor (b. 1919)
    • 2007 – Michael Reardon, American mountaineer (b. 1965)
    • 2008 – Bronisław Geremek, Polish historian and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Manohari Singh, Indian saxophonist and composer (b. 1931)
    • 2010 – George Steinbrenner, American businessman (b. 1930)
    • 2011 – Allan Jeans, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Warren Jabali, American basketball player (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Jerzy Kulej, Polish boxer and politician (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – Richard D. Zanuck, American film producer (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Leonard Garment, American lawyer and public servant, 14th White House Counsel (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Henri Julien, French race car driver (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Cory Monteith, Canadian actor and singer (b. 1982)
    • 2013 – Ottavio Quattrocchi, Italian businessman (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Vernon B. Romney, American lawyer and politician, 14th Attorney General of Utah (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Marc Simont, French-American author and illustrator (b. 1915)
    • 2014 – Thomas Berger, American author and playwright (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Alfred de Grazia, American political scientist, author, and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Nadine Gordimer, South African novelist, short story writer, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Jeff Leiding, American football player (b. 1961)
    • 2014 – Lorin Maazel, French-American violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Philipp Mißfelder, German historian and politician (b. 1979)
    • 2015 – Martin Litchfield West, English scholar, author, and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2017 – Liu Xiaobo, Chinese literary critic, human rights activist (b. 1955)

    Holidays and observances on July 13

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abd-al-Masih
      • Abel of Tacla Haimonot (Coptic Church)
      • Clelia Barbieri
      • Conrad Weiser (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Eugenius of Carthage
      • Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
      • Mildrith of Thanet
      • Rosa Mystica
      • Silas (Catholic Church)
      • Teresa of the Andes
      • July 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Feast of Kalimát, first day of the seventh month of the Bahá’í calendar. (Bahá’í Faith)
    • Statehood Day (Montenegro)
    • The last day of Naadam (Mongolia)
    • Kashmir Martyrs’ Day (Pakistan)

  • July 10 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 138 – Emperor Hadrian dies of heart failure at Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina.
    • 645 – Isshi Incident: Prince Naka-no-Ōe and Fujiwara no Kamatari assassinate Soga no Iruka during a coup d’état at the imperial palace.
    • 988 – The Norse King Glúniairn recognises Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill, High King of Ireland, and agrees to pay taxes and accept Brehon Law; the event is considered to be the founding of the city of Dublin.
    • 1086 – King Canute IV of Denmark is killed by rebellious peasants.
    • 1212 – The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground.
    • 1460 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, defeats the king’s Lancastrian forces and takes King Henry VI prisoner in the Battle of Northampton.
    • 1499 – The Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.
    • 1512 – The Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre commences with the capture of Goizueta.
    • 1519 – Zhu Chenhao declares the Ming dynasty’s Zhengde Emperor a usurper, beginning the Prince of Ning rebellion, and leads his army north in an attempt to capture Nanjing.
    • 1553 – Lady Jane Grey takes the throne of England.
    • 1584 – William I of Orange is assassinated in his home in Delft, Holland, by Balthasar Gérard.
    • 1645 – English Civil War: The Battle of Langport takes place.
    • 1778 – American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
    • 1789 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta.
    • 1806 – The Vellore Mutiny is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company.
    • 1832 – U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.
    • 1850 – U.S. President Millard Fillmore is sworn in, a day after becoming president upon Zachary Taylor’s death.
    • 1869 – Gävle, Sweden, is largely destroyed in a fire; 80% of its 10,000 residents are left homeless.
    • 1877 – The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.
    • 1882 – War of the Pacific: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the Battle of La Concepción when a garrison of 77 men is annihilated by a 1,300-strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears.
    • 1883 – War of the Pacific: Chileans led by Alejandro Gorostiaga defeat Andrés Avelino Cáceres’s Peruvuan army at the Battle of Huamachuco, hastening the end of the war.
    • 1890 – Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.
    • 1921 – Belfast’s Bloody Sunday: Sixteen people are killed and 161 houses destroyed during rioting and gun battles in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
    • 1925 – Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called “Monkey Trial” begins of John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.
    • 1927 – Kevin O’Higgins TD, Vice-President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State is assassinated by the IRA.
    • 1938 – Howard Hughes begins a 91-hour airplane flight around the world that will set a new record.
    • 1940 – World War II: The Vichy government is established in France.
    • 1940 – World War II: Six days before Adolf Hitler issues his Directive 16 to the combined Wehrmacht armed forces for Operation Sea Lion, the Kanalkampf shipping attacks against British maritime convoys begin, in the leadup to initiating the Battle of Britain.
    • 1941 – Jedwabne pogrom: Massacre of Polish Jews living in and near the village of Jedwabne.
    • 1942 – World War II: An American pilot spots a downed, intact Mitsubishi A6M Zero on Akutan Island (the “Akutan Zero”) that the US Navy uses to learn the aircraft’s flight characteristics.
    • 1943 – World War II: Operation Husky begins in Sicily.
    • 1947 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah is recommended as the first Governor-General of Pakistan by the British Prime Minister, Clement Attlee.
    • 1951 – Korean War: Armistice negotiations begin at Kaesong.
    • 1962 – Telstar, the world’s first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.
    • 1966 – The Chicago Freedom Movement, led by Martin Luther King, Jr., holds a rally at Soldier Field in Chicago. As many as 60,000 people attend.
    • 1973 – The Bahamas gain full independence within the Commonwealth of Nations.
    • 1976 – Four mercenaries (one American and three British) are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial.
    • 1978 – ABC World News Tonight premieres on ABC.
    • 1978 – President Moktar Ould Daddah of Mauritania is ousted in a bloodless coup d’état.
    • 1985 – The Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland harbour by French DGSE agents, killing Fernando Pereira.
    • 1985 – An Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 stalls and crashes near Uchkuduk, Uzbekistan (then part of the Soviet Union), killing all 200 people on board in the USSR’s worst-ever airline disaster.
    • 1991 – The South African cricket team is readmitted into the International Cricket Council following the end of Apartheid.
    • 1991 – Boris Yeltsin takes office as the first elected President of Russia.
    • 1992 – In Miami, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
    • 1997 – In London, scientists report the findings of the DNA analysis of a Neanderthal skeleton which supports the “out of Africa theory” of human evolution, placing an “African Eve” at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
    • 1997 – Miguel Ángel Blanco, a member of Partido Popular (Spain), is kidnapped (and later murdered) in the Basque city of Ermua by ETA members, sparking widespread protests.
    • 1998 – Catholic Church sexual abuse cases: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by Rudolph Kos, a former priest.
    • 1999 – In women’s association football, the United States defeated China in a penalty shoot-out at the Rose Bowl near Los Angeles to win the final match of the 1999 FIFA Women’s World Cup. The final was watched by 90,185 spectators, which set a new world record for attendance at a women’s sporting event.
    • 2000 – EADS, the world’s second-largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA.
    • 2002 – At a Sotheby’s auction, Peter Paul Rubens’s painting The Massacre of the Innocents is sold for £49.5 million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson.
    • 2005 – Hurricane Dennis slams into the Florida Panhandle, causing billions of dollars in damage.
    • 2007 – Erden Eruç begins the first solo human-powered circumnavigation of the world.
    • 2008 – Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Boškoski is acquitted of all war-crimes charges by a United Nations Tribunal.
    • 2011 – Russian cruise ship Bulgaria sinks in Volga near Syukeyevo, Tatarstan, causing 122 deaths.
    • 2017 – Iraqi Civil War: Mosul is declared fully liberated from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
    • 2019 – The last Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the line in Puebla, Mexico. The last of 5,961 “Special Edition” cars will be exhibited in a museum.

    Births on July 10

    • 1419 – Emperor Go-Hanazono of Japan (d. 1471)
    • 1451 – James III of Scotland (d. 1488)
    • 1501 – Cho Shik, Korean poet and scholar (d. 1572)
    • 1509 – John Calvin, French pastor and theologian (d. 1564)
    • 1515 – Francisco de Toledo, Viceroy of Peru (d. 1582)
    • 1517 – Odet de Coligny, French cardinal (d. 1571)
    • 1533 – Antonio Possevino, Italian diplomat (d. 1611)
    • 1592 – Pierre d’Hozier, French genealogist and historian (d. 1660)
    • 1614 – Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey, Irish-English politician (d. 1686)
    • 1625 – Jean Herauld Gourville, French adventurer (d. 1703)
    • 1638 – David Teniers III, Flemish painter (d. 1685)
    • 1666 – John Ernest Grabe, German theologian and academic (d. 1711)
    • 1682 – Roger Cotes, English mathematician and astronomer (d. 1716)
    • 1723 – William Blackstone, English lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 1780)
    • 1724 – Eva Ekeblad, Swedish noble and agronomist (d. 1786)
    • 1752 – St. George Tucker, United States federal judge (d. 1827)
    • 1792 – George M. Dallas, American lawyer and politician, 11th Vice President of the United States (d. 1864)
    • 1802 – Robert Chambers, Scottish geologist and publisher, co-founded Chambers Harrap (d. 1871)
    • 1804 – Emma Smith, American religious leader (d. 1879)
    • 1809 – Friedrich August von Quenstedt, German geologist and palaeontologist (d. 1889)
    • 1823 – Louis-Napoléon Casault, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 1908)
    • 1830 – Camille Pissarro, Danish-French painter (d. 1903)
    • 1832 – Alvan Graham Clark, American astronomer (d. 1897)
    • 1835 – Henryk Wieniawski, Polish violinist and composer (d. 1880)
    • 1839 – Adolphus Busch, German brewer, co-founded Anheuser-Busch (d. 1913)
    • 1856 – Nikola Tesla, Serbian-American physicist and engineer (d. 1943)
    • 1864 – Austin Chapman, Australian businessman and politician, 4th Australian Minister for Defence (d. 1926)
    • 1867 – Prince Maximilian of Baden (d. 1929)
    • 1871 – Marcel Proust, French novelist, critic, and essayist (d. 1922)
    • 1874 – Sergey Konenkov, Russian sculptor (d. 1971)
    • 1875 – Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator and activist (d. 1955)
    • 1875 – Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám, Hungarian politician (d. 1973)
    • 1877 – Ernst Bresslau, German zoologist (d. 1935)
    • 1878 – Otto Freundlich, German painter and sculptor (d. 1943)
    • 1882 – Ima Hogg, American society leader, philanthropist, patron and collector of the arts (d. 1975)
    • 1883 – Johannes Blaskowitz, German general (d. 1948)
    • 1883 – Hugo Raudsepp, Estonian playwright and politician (d. 1952)
    • 1888 – Giorgio de Chirico, Greek-Italian painter and set designer (d. 1978)
    • 1888 – Toyohiko Kagawa, Japanese evangelist, author, and activist (d. 1960)
    • 1891 – Edith Quimby, American medical researcher and physicist (d. 1982)
    • 1894 – Jimmy McHugh, American composer (d. 1969)
    • 1895 – Carl Orff, German composer and educator (d. 1982)
    • 1896 – Thérèse Casgrain, Canadian politician (d. 1981)
    • 1897 – Legs Diamond, American gangster (d. 1931)
    • 1897 – Karl Plagge, German general and engineer (d. 1957)
    • 1898 – Renée Björling, Swedish actress (d. 1975)
    • 1899 – John Gilbert, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1936)
    • 1899 – Heiri Suter, Swiss cyclist (d. 1978)
    • 1900 – Mitchell Parish, Lithuanian-American songwriter (d. 1993)
    • 1900 – Sampson Sievers, Russian monk and mystic (d. 1979)
    • 1902 – Kurt Alder, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
    • 1902 – Nicolás Guillén, Cuban poet, journalist, and activist (d. 1989)
    • 1903 – Werner Best, German SS officer and jurist (d. 1989)
    • 1903 – John Wyndham, English soldier and author (d. 1969)
    • 1904 – Lili Damita, French-American actress (d. 1994)
    • 1905 – Mildred Benson, American journalist and author (d. 2002)
    • 1905 – Thomas Gomez, American actor (d. 1971)
    • 1905 – Wolfram Sievers, German physician (d. 1948)
    • 1907 – Blind Boy Fuller, American singer and guitarist (d. 1941)
    • 1909 – Donald Sinclair, English lieutenant and businessman (d. 1981)
    • 1911 – Terry-Thomas, English comedian and character actor (d. 1990)
    • 1911 – Cootie Williams, American trumpeter and bandleader (d. 1985)
    • 1913 – Salvador Espriu, Spanish author, poet, and playwright (d. 1985)
    • 1914 – Joe Shuster, Canadian-American illustrator, co-created Superman (d. 1992)
    • 1914 – Rempo Urip, Indonesian film director
    • 1916 – Judith Jasmin, Canadian journalist (d. 1972)
    • 1917 – Hugh Alexander, American baseball player and scout (d. 2000)
    • 1917 – Reg Smythe, English cartoonist (d. 1998)
    • 1918 – James Aldridge, Australian-English journalist and author (d. 2015)
    • 1918 – Chuck Stevens, American baseball player (d. 2018)
    • 1918 – Frank L. Lambert, Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at Occidental College (d. 2018)
    • 1918 – Fred Wacker, American race driver and engineer (d. 1998)
    • 1919 – Pierre Gamarra, French author, poet, and critic (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Ian Wallace, English actor and singer (d. 2009)
    • 1920 – David Brinkley, American journalist (d. 2003)
    • 1920 – Owen Chamberlain, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
    • 1920 – Cyril Grant, English footballer (d. 2002)
    • 1921 – Harvey Ball, American illustrator, created the Smiley (d. 2001)
    • 1921 – Jeff Donnell, American actress (d. 1988)
    • 1921 – John K. Singlaub, U.S Army Major General
    • 1921 – Eunice Kennedy Shriver, American activist, co-founded the Special Olympics (d. 2009)
    • 1922 – Jean Kerr, American author and playwright (d. 2003)
    • 1922 – Herb McKenley, Jamaican sprinter (d. 2007)
    • 1922 – Jake LaMotta, American boxer and actor (d. 2017)
    • 1923 – Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer and actress (d. 2001)
    • 1923 – John Bradley, American soldier (d. 1994)
    • 1923 – Suzanne Cloutier, Canadian actress and producer (d. 2003)
    • 1923 – G. A. Kulkarni, Indian author and academic (d. 1987)
    • 1924 – Johnny Bach, American basketball player and coach (d. 2016)
    • 1924 – Bobo Brazil, American wrestler (d. 1998)
    • 1925 – Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysian physician and politician, 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia
    • 1925 – Ernest Bertrand Boland, American Roman Catholic bishop
    • 1926 – Carleton Carpenter, American actor, magician, songwriter, and novelist
    • 1926 – Fred Gwynne, American actor (d. 1993)
    • 1927 – Grigory Barenblatt, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – David Dinkins, American soldier and politician, 106th Mayor of New York City
    • 1927 – William Smithers, American actor
    • 1928 – Don Bolles, American investigative reporter (d. 1976)
    • 1928 – Bernard Buffet, French painter and illustrator (d. 1999)
    • 1928 – Alejandro de Tomaso, Argentinian-Italian race car driver and businessman, founded De Tomaso (d. 2003)
    • 1928 – Moshe Greenberg, American-Israeli rabbi and scholar (d. 2010)
    • 1928 – John Glenn, American baseball player
    • 1929 – Winnie Ewing, Scottish lawyer and politician
    • 1929 – George Clayton Johnson, American author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Moe Norman, Canadian golfer (d. 2004)
    • 1929 – José Vicente Rangel, Venezuelan politician; 21st Vice President of Venezuela
    • 1930 – Bruce Boa, Canadian actor (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Janette Sherman, American physician, author, and pioneer in occupational and environmental health (d. 2019)
    • 1930 – Josephine Veasey, English soprano and actress
    • 1931 – Nick Adams, American actor and screenwriter (d. 1968)
    • 1931 – Jerry Herman, American composer and songwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Julian May, American author (d. 2017)
    • 1931 – Alice Munro, Canadian short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1932 – Carlo Maria Abate, Italian race car driver (d. 2019)
    • 1932 – Neile Adams, Filipino-American actress, singer and dancer
    • 1932 – Manfred Preußger, German athlete
    • 1933 – Jumpin’ Gene Simmons, American rockabilly singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1933 – C.K. Yang, Taiwanese decathlete and pole vaulter (d. 2007)
    • 1934 – Marshall Brodien, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1934 – Jerry Nelson, American puppeteer and voice actor (d. 2012)
    • 1935 – Tura Satana, American actress and dancer (d. 2011)
    • 1935 – Wilson Tuckey, Australian politician
    • 1935 – Margaret McEntee, American Catholic religious sister and educator
    • 1935 – Wilson Whineray, New Zealand rugby player and businessman (d. 2012)
    • 1936 – Herbert Boyer, American businessman, co-founded Genentech
    • 1936 – Tunne Kelam, Estonian journalist and politician
    • 1937 – Edwards Barham, American farmer and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1937 – Gun Svensson, Swedish politician
    • 1938 – Paul Andreu, French architect (d. 2018)
    • 1938 – Lee Morgan, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1972)
    • 1939 – Phil Kelly, Irish-English footballer and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1939 – Ahmet Taner Kışlalı, Turkish political scientist, journalist and educator (d. 1999)
    • 1939 – Mavis Staples, American singer
    • 1940 – Meghnad Desai, Baron Desai, Indian-English economist and politician
    • 1940 – Helen Donath, American soprano and actress
    • 1940 – Brian Priestley, English pianist and composer
    • 1940 – Keith Stackpole, Australian cricketer
    • 1941 – Jake Eberts, Canadian film producer (d. 2012)
    • 1941 – David G. Hartwell, American anthologist, author, and critic (d. 2016)
    • 1941 – Robert Pine, American actor and director
    • 1941 – Ian Whitcomb, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
    • 1942 – Ronnie James Dio, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1942 – Pyotr Klimuk, Belarusian general, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1942 – Sixto Rodriguez, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1942 – Lopo do Nascimento, Angolan politician; 1st Prime Minister of Angola
    • 1943 – Arthur Ashe, American tennis player and journalist (d. 1993)
    • 1943 – Inonge Mbikusita-Lewanika, Zambian politician
    • 1943 – Jerry Miller, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1944 – Mick Grant, English motorcycle racer
    • 1944 – Norman Hammond, English archaeologist and academic
    • 1945 – Ron Glass, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1945 – Hal McRae, American baseball player and manager
    • 1945 – John Motson, English sportscaster
    • 1945 – Jean-Marie Poiré, French director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1945 – Virginia Wade, English tennis player and sportscaster
    • 1946 – Jean-Pierre Jarier, French racing driver
    • 1946 – Chin Han, Taiwanese actor
    • 1947 – Arlo Guthrie, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
    • 1948 – Ronnie Cutrone, American painter (d. 2013)
    • 1948 – Chico Resch, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1948 – Natalya Sedykh, Russian figure skater, ballet dancer, actor
    • 1949 – Anna Czerwińska, Polish mountaineer and author
    • 1949 – Sunil Gavaskar, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1949 – Greg Kihn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1949 – John Whitehead, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2004)
    • 1950 – Tony Baldry, English colonel, lawyer, and politician, British Minister of State for Agriculture
    • 1950 – Prokopis Pavlopoulos, President of Greece, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister for the Interior
    • 1951 – Cheryl Wheeler, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1951 – Rajnath Singh, Indian Politician and Union Home Minister of India
    • 1952 – Kim Mitchell, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1952 – Peter van Heemst, Dutch politician
    • 1953 – Rik Emmett, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1953 – Zoogz Rift, American musician and wrestler (d. 2011)
    • 1954 – Tommy Bowden, American football player and coach
    • 1954 – Andre Dawson, American baseball player
    • 1954 – Neil Tennant, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1955 – Nic Dakin, English educator and politician
    • 1955 – Geoff Gerard, Australian rugby league player
    • 1956 – Tom McClintock, American lawyer and politician
    • 1956 – K. Rajagopal, Malaysian football manager
    • 1957 – Derry Grehan, Canadian rock guitarist and songwriter
    • 1958 – Béla Fleck, American banjo player and songwriter
    • 1958 – Fiona Shaw, Irish actress and director
    • 1959 – Ellen Kuras, American director and cinematographer
    • 1959 – Sandy West, American singer-songwriter and drummer (d. 2006)
    • 1961 – Jacky Cheung, Hong Kong singer and film actor
    • 1961 – Marc Riley, English guitarist (The Fall), radio DJ
    • 1963 – Ian Lougher, Welsh motorcycle racer
    • 1964 – Martin Laurendeau, Canadian tennis player and coach
    • 1964 – Urban Meyer, American football player and coach
    • 1964 – Wilfried Peeters, Belgian cyclist
    • 1965 – Scott McCarron, American golfer
    • 1965 – Ken Mellons, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – Clive Efford, English politician
    • 1966 – Johnny Grunge, American wrestler (d. 2006)
    • 1966 – Christian Stangl, Austrian skier and mountaineer
    • 1966 – Anna Bråkenhielm, Swedish business executive
    • 1967 – Tom Meents, American professional monster truck driver
    • 1967 – Rebekah Del Rio, American singer-songwriter
    • 1967 – Gillian Tett, English journalist and author
    • 1967 – Ikki Sawamura, Japanese model, actor and television presenter
    • 1967 – John Yoo, South Korean-American lawyer, author, and educator
    • 1969 – Marty Cordova, American baseball player
    • 1969 – Gale Harold, American actor
    • 1970 – Gary LeVox, American singer-songwriter
    • 1970 – Jason Orange, English singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1970 – John Simm, English actor
    • 1971 – Adam Foote, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1971 – Gregory Goodridge, Barbadian footballer and coach
    • 1972 – Peter Serafinowicz, English actor
    • 1972 – Sofía Vergara, Colombian-American actress and producer
    • 1972 – Tilo Wolff, German-Swiss singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
    • 1974 – Imelda May, Irish singer-songwriter, musician, and producer
    • 1975 – Andrew Firestone, American businessman
    • 1975 – Brendan Gaughan, American race car driver
    • 1975 – Alain Nasreddine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1975 – Stefán Karl Stefánsson, Icelandic actor (d. 2018)
    • 1975 – Richard Westbrook, English race car driver
    • 1976 – Edmílson, Brazilian footballer
    • 1976 – Elijah Blue Allman, American singer and guitarist
    • 1976 – Ludovic Giuly, French footballer
    • 1976 – Adrian Grenier, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Brendon Lade, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1976 – Lars Ricken, German footballer
    • 1977 – Chiwetel Ejiofor, English actor
    • 1979 – Mvondo Atangana, Cameroon footballer
    • 1979 – Gong Yoo, Korean actor
    • 1980 – Alejandro Millán, Mexican singer-songwriter and keyboard player
    • 1980 – Adam Petty, American race car driver (d. 2000)
    • 1980 – Claudia Leitte, Brazilian singer-songwriter
    • 1980 – James Rolfe, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1980 – Jessica Simpson, American singer-songwriter, actress, and fashion designer
    • 1981 – Aleksandar Tunchev, Bulgarian footballer
    • 1982 – Alex Arrowsmith, American guitarist and producer
    • 1982 – Juliya Chernetsky, Ukrainian-American television host
    • 1982 – Sebastian Mila, Polish footballer
    • 1982 – Jeffrey Walker, Australian actor and director
    • 1983 – Giuseppe De Feudis, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Matthew Egan, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Gabi, Spanish footballer
    • 1983 – Kim Hee-chul, Korean entertainer
    • 1983 – Joelson José Inácio, Brazilian footballer
    • 1983 – Doug Kramer, Filipino basketball player
    • 1983 – Anthony Watmough, Australian rugby league player
    • 1984 – Nikolaos Mitrou, Greek footballer
    • 1985 – Park Chu-young, South Korean footballer
    • 1985 – B. J. Crombeen, American ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Mario Gómez, German footballer
    • 1988 – Antonio Brown, American football player
    • 1988 – Heather Hemmens, American actress, director, and producer
    • 1988 – Sarah Walker, New Zealand BMX rider
    • 1990 – Adam Reynolds, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Trent Richardson, American footballer
    • 1990 – Chiyonokuni Toshiki, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1991 – Daishōmaru Shōgo, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1999 – April Ivy, Portuguese composer and singer
    • 2001 – Isabela Moner, American actress

    Deaths on July 10

    • 138 – Hadrian, Roman emperor (b. 76)
    • 645 – Soga no Iruka, Japanese politician
    • 649 – Tai Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 598)
    • 772 – Amalberga of Temse, Frankish noblewoman
    • 831 – Zubaidah bint Ja`far, Abbasid Princess
    • 983 – Benedict VII, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 994 – Leopold I, margrave of Austria
    • 1086 – Canute IV, king of Denmark (b. 1043)
    • 1103 – Eric I, king of Denmark (b. 1060)
    • 1290 – Ladislaus IV, king of Hungaria (b. 1262)
    • 1460 – Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English commander and politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1402)
    • 1460 – John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, English nobleman (b. c. 1413)
    • 1461 – Thomas, king of Bosnia (b. 1411)
    • 1473 – James II, king of Cyprus
    • 1480 – René of Anjou, French nobleman (b. 1400)
    • 1510 – Catherine Cornaro, queen of Cyprus (b. 1454)
    • 1576 – Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo, Italian noble (b. 1553)
    • 1559 – Henry II, king of France (b. 1519)
    • 1584 – William I, Dutch nobleman (b. 1533)
    • 1590 – Charles II, archduke of Austria (b. 1540)
    • 1594 – Paolo Bellasio, Italian organist and composer (b. 1554)
    • 1603 – Joan Terès i Borrull, Spanish archbishop and academic (b. 1538)
    • 1621 – Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, French commander (b. 1571)
    • 1653 – Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar (b. 1600)
    • 1680 – Louis Moréri, French priest and scholar (b. 1643)
    • 1683 – François Eudes de Mézeray, French historian and author (b. 1610)
    • 1686 – John Fell, English bishop and academic (b. 1625)
    • 1776 – Richard Peters, English lawyer and minister (b. 1704)
    • 1794 – Gaspard de Bernard de Marigny, French general (b. 1754)
    • 1806 – George Stubbs, English painter and academic (b. 1724)
    • 1851 – Louis Daguerre, French photographer and physicist, invented the daguerreotype (b. 1787)
    • 1863 – Clement Clarke Moore, American author and educator (b. 1779)
    • 1881 – Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect and academic (b. 1812)
    • 1884 – Paul Morphy, American chess player (b. 1837)
    • 1908 – Phoebe Knapp, American organist and composer (b. 1839)
    • 1915 – Hendrik Willem Mesdag, Dutch painter (b. 1831)
    • 1920 – John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, British admiral (b. 1841)
    • 1929 – Ève Lavallière, French actress (b. 1866)
    • 1941 – Jelly Roll Morton, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1890)
    • 1941 – Huntley Wright, English actor (b. 1868)
    • 1950 – Richard Maury, American-Argentinian engineer (b. 1882)
    • 1952 – Rued Langgaard, Danish organist and composer (b. 1893)
    • 1954 – Calogero Vizzini, Italian mob boss (b. 1877)
    • 1956 – Joe Giard, American baseball player (b. 1898)
    • 1960 – Sæbjørn Buttedahl, Norwegian actor and sculptor (b. 1876)
    • 1962 – Yehuda Leib Maimon, Israeli rabbi and politician (b. 1875)
    • 1963 – Teddy Wakelam, English rugby player and sportscaster (b. 1893)
    • 1970 – Bjarni Benediktsson, Icelandic academic and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1908)
    • 1971 – Laurent Dauthuille, French boxer (b. 1924)
    • 1972 – Lovie Austin, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1887)
    • 1978 – John D. Rockefeller III, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Asia Society (b. 1906)
    • 1979 – Arthur Fiedler, American conductor (b. 1894)
    • 1980 – Joseph Krumgold, American author and screenwriter (b. 1908)
    • 1985 – Fernando Pereira, Dutch photographer (b. 1950)
    • 1986 – Tadeusz Piotrowski, Polish mountaineer and author (b. 1940)
    • 1987 – John Hammond, American record producer, critic, and activist (b. 1910)
    • 1989 – Mel Blanc, American voice actor (b. 1908)
    • 1993 – Ruth Krauss, American author and poet (b. 1901)
    • 1993 – Sam Rolfe, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)
    • 1995 – Mehmet Ali Aybar, Turkish lawyer and politician (b. 1908)
    • 1996 – Eno Raud, Estonian author (b. 1928)
    • 2000 – Vakkom Majeed, Indian journalist and politician (b. 1909)
    • 2002 – Jean-Pierre Côté, Canadian politician, 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1926)
    • 2002 – Evangelos Florakis, Greek general (b. 1943)
    • 2002 – Laurence Janifer, American author (b. 1933)
    • 2003 – Winston Graham, English author (b. 1908)
    • 2003 – Hartley Shawcross, Baron Shawcross, German-English lawyer and politician, Attorney General for England and Wales (b. 1902)
    • 2004 – Pati Behrs, Russian-American ballerina and actress (b. 1922)
    • 2005 – A. J. Quinnell, English author (b. 1940)
    • 2006 – Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist rebel leader (b. 1965)
    • 2007 – Doug Marlette, American cartoonist and author (b. 1949)
    • 2008 – Hiroaki Aoki, Japanese-American wrestler and businessman, founded Benihana (b. 1938)
    • 2008 – Mike Souchak, American golfer (b. 1927)
    • 2011 – Pierrette Alarie, Canadian soprano and educator (b. 1921)
    • 2011 – Roland Petit, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Dolphy, Filipino actor, singer, and producer (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Peter Kyros, American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Berthe Meijer, German-Dutch journalist and author (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Fritz Langanke, German lieutenant (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Viktor Suslin, Russian-German composer (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Philip Caldwell, American businessman (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Józef Gara, Polish poet and linguist (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Concha García Campoy, Spanish journalist (b. 1958)
    • 2013 – Caroline Duby Glassman, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1922)
    • 2013 – Ku Ok-hee, South Korean golfer (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Gokulananda Mahapatra, Indian author and academic (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Robert C. Broomfield, American lawyer and judge (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Juozas Kazickas, Lithuanian-American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1918)
    • 2014 – Paul G. Risser, American ecologist and academic (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress, dancer, and choreographer (b. 1912)
    • 2014 – Gloria Schweigerdt, American baseball player (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Roger Rees, Welsh-American actor and director (b. 1944)
    • 2015 – Omar Sharif, Egyptian actor (b. 1932)
    • 2015 – Jon Vickers, Canadian tenor (b. 1926)
    • 2016 – Katharina Focke, German politician (b. 1922)
    • 2018 – Henry Morgenthau III, American author and television producer (b. 1917)
    • 2020 – Lara van Ruijven, Dutch short track speed skater (b. 1992)

    Holidays and observances on July 10

    • Armed Forces Day (Mauritania)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Amalberga of Maubeuge
      • Canute IV of Denmark
      • Rufina and Secunda
      • Seven Brothers
      • Victoria, Anatolia, and Audax
      • July 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Independence Day (Bahamas), celebrates the independence of the Bahamas from the United Kingdom in 1973.
    • Nikola Tesla Day
    • Statehood Day (Wyoming)

  • July 3 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    July 3 in History

    • 324 – Battle of Adrianople: Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium.
    • 987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revolution in 1792.
    • 1035 – William the Conqueror becomes the Duke of Normandy, reigns until 1087.
    • 1608 – Québec City is founded by Samuel de Champlain.
    • 1754 – French and Indian War: George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French forces.
    • 1767 – Pitcairn Island is discovered by Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on an expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret.
    • 1767 – Norway’s oldest newspaper still in print, Adresseavisen, is founded and the first edition is published.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: George Washington takes command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: Iroquois allied to Britain kill 360 people in the Wyoming Valley massacre.
    • 1819 – The Bank for Savings in the City of New-York, the first savings bank in the United States, opens.
    • 1839 – The first state normal school in the United States, the forerunner to today’s Framingham State University, opens in Lexington, Massachusetts with three students.
    • 1844 – The last pair of great auks is killed.
    • 1848 – Governor-General Peter von Scholten emancipates all remaining slaves in the Danish West Indies.
    • 1849 – France invades the Roman Republic and restores the Papal States.
    • 1852 – Congress establishes the United States’ 2nd mint in San Francisco.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett’s Charge.
    • 1866 – Austro-Prussian War is decided at the Battle of Königgrätz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.
    • 1884 – Dow Jones & Company publishes its first stock average.
    • 1886 – Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, the first purpose-built automobile.
    • 1886 – The New-York Tribune becomes the first newspaper to use a linotype machine, eliminating typesetting by hand.
    • 1890 – Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U.S. state.
    • 1898 – A Spanish squadron, led by Pascual Cervera y Topete, is defeated by an American squadron under William T. Sampson in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba.
    • 1913 – Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett’s Charge; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.
    • 1938 – World speed record for a steam locomotive is set in England, by the Mallard, which reaches a speed of 125.88 miles per hour (202.58 km/h).
    • 1938 – United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt dedicates the Eternal Light Peace Memorial and lights the eternal flame at Gettysburg Battlefield.
    • 1940 – World War II: The Royal Navy attacks the French naval squadron in Algeria, to ensure that it will not fall under German control. Of the four French battleships present, one is sunk, two are damaged, and one escapes back to France.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Minsk Offensive clears German troops from the city.
    • 1952 – The Constitution of Puerto Rico is approved by the United States Congress.
    • 1952 – The SS United States sets sail on her maiden voyage to Southampton. During the voyage, the ship takes the Blue Riband away from the RMS Queen Mary.
    • 1967 – The Aden Emergency: The Battle of the Crater in which the British Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders retake the Crater district following the Arab Police mutiny.
    • 1969 – Space Race: The biggest explosion in the history of rocketry occurs when the Soviet N-1 rocket explodes and subsequently destroys its launchpad.
    • 1970 – The Troubles: The “Falls Curfew” begins in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
    • 1970 – Dan-Air Flight 1903 crashes into the Les Agudes mountain in the Montseny Massif near the village of Arbúcies in Catalonia, Spain, killing all 112 people aboard.
    • 1979 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs the first directive for secret aid to the opponents of the pro-Soviet regime in Kabul.
    • 1988 – United States Navy warship USS Vincennes shoots down Iran Air Flight 655 over the Persian Gulf, killing all 290 people aboard.
    • 1988 – The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, providing the second connection between the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosphorus.
    • 1996 – British Prime Minister John Major announced the Stone of Scone would be returned to Scotland.
    • 2013 – Egyptian coup d’état: President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi is overthrown by the military after four days of protests all over the country calling for Morsi’s resignation, to which he did not respond. President of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt Adly Mansour is declared acting president.

    Births on July 3

    • 321 – Valentinian I, Roman emperor (d. 375)
    • 1423 – Louis XI of France (d. 1483)
    • 1442 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (d. 1500)
    • 1518 – Li Shizhen, Chinese physician and mineralogist (d. 1593)
    • 1530 – Claude Fauchet, French historian and author (d. 1601)
    • 1534 – Myeongjong of Joseon, Ruler of Korea (d. 1567)
    • 1550 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (d. 1591)
    • 1569 – Thomas Richardson, English politician and judge (d. 1635)
    • 1683 – Edward Young, English poet, dramatist and literary critic (Night-Thoughts) (d. 1765)
    • 1685 – Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, English field marshal and politician (d. 1768)
    • 1728 – Robert Adam, Scottish-English architect, designed Culzean Castle (d. 1792)
    • 1738 – John Singleton Copley, American painter (d. 1815)
    • 1778 – Carl Ludvig Engel, German architect (d. 1840)
    • 1789 – Johann Friedrich Overbeck, German-Italian painter and engraver (d. 1869)
    • 1814 – Ferdinand Didrichsen, Danish botanist and physicist (d. 1887)
    • 1823 – Ahmed Vefik Pasha, Greek-Ottoman statesman, diplomat, playwright, and translator (d. 1891)
    • 1844 – Dankmar Adler, German-born American architect and engineer (d. 1900)
    • 1846 – Achilles Alferaki, Russian composer and politician, Governor of Taganrog (d. 1919)
    • 1851 – Charles Bannerman, English-Australian cricketer and umpire (d. 1930)
    • 1854 – Leoš Janáček, Czech composer and theorist (d. 1928)
    • 1860 – Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American sociologist and author (d. 1935)
    • 1866 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (d. 1906)
    • 1869 – Svend Kornbeck, Danish actor (d. 1933)
    • 1870 – R. B. Bennett, Canadian lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)
    • 1871 – William Henry Davies, Welsh poet and writer (d.1940)
    • 1874 – Jean Collas, French rugby player and tug of war competitor (d. 1928)
    • 1875 – Ferdinand Sauerbruch, German surgeon and academic (d. 1951)
    • 1876 – Ralph Barton Perry, American philosopher and academic (d. 1957)
    • 1878 – George M. Cohan, American songwriter, actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1942)
    • 1879 – Alfred Korzybski, Polish-American mathematician, linguist, and philosopher (d. 1950)
    • 1880 – Carl Schuricht, Polish-German conductor (d. 1967)
    • 1883 – Franz Kafka, Czech-Austrian author (d. 1924)
    • 1886 – Raymond A. Spruance, American admiral and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Philippines (d. 1969)
    • 1888 – Ramón Gómez de la Serna, Spanish author and playwright (d. 1963)
    • 1889 – Richard Cramer, American actor (d. 1960)
    • 1893 – Sándor Bortnyik, Hungarian painter and graphic designer (d. 1976)
    • 1896 – Doris Lloyd, English actress (d. 1968)
    • 1897 – Jesse Douglas, American mathematician and academic (d. 1965)
    • 1898 – Stefanos Stefanopoulos, Greek politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1982)
    • 1900 – Alessandro Blasetti, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 1987)
    • 1901 – Ruth Crawford Seeger, American composer (d. 1953)
    • 1903 – Ace Bailey, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1992)
    • 1905 – Johnny Gibson, American hurdler and coach (d. 2006)
    • 1906 – George Sanders, Russian-born British actor (d. 1972)
    • 1908 – M. F. K. Fisher, American author (d. 1992)
    • 1908 – Robert B. Meyner, American lawyer and politician, 44th Governor of New Jersey (d. 1990)
    • 1909 – Stavros Niarchos, Greek shipping magnate (d.1996)
    • 1910 – Fritz Kasparek, Austrian mountaineer (d. 1954)
    • 1911 – Joe Hardstaff Jr., English cricketer (d. 1990)
    • 1913 – Dorothy Kilgallen, American journalist, actress, and author (d. 1965)
    • 1916 – John Kundla, American basketball player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1917 – João Saldanha, Brazilian footballer, manager, and journalist (d. 1990)
    • 1918 – S. V. Ranga Rao, Indian actor, director, and producer (d. 1974)
    • 1918 – Johnny Palmer, American golfer (d. 2006)
    • 1919 – Cecil FitzMaurice, 8th Earl of Orkney (d. 1998)
    • 1919 – Gerald W. Thomas, American soldier and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Eddy Paape, Belgian illustrator (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Paul O’Dea, American baseball player and manager (d. 1978)
    • 1921 – Susan Peters, American actress (d. 1952)
    • 1921 – François Reichenbach, French director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
    • 1922 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo, Belgian painter and sculptor (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Theo Brokmann Jr., Dutch football player (d. 2003)
    • 1924 – Amalia Aguilar, Cuban-Mexican film actress and dancer
    • 1924 – S. R. Nathan, 6th President of Singapore (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Terry Moriarty, Australian rules footballer (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Danny Nardico, American professional boxer (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Philip Jamison, American artist
    • 1926 – Johnny Coles, American trumpet player (d. 1997)
    • 1926 – Rae Allen, American actress, singer, and director
    • 1926 – Laurence Street, Australian jurist and former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Ken Russell, English actor, director, and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1927 – Tim O’Connor, American actor (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Evelyn Anthony, English author (d. 2018)
    • 1929 – Clément Perron, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1929 – Joanne Herring, American socialite, businesswoman, political activist, philanthropist, diplomat, and television talk show host
    • 1930 – Pete Fountain, American clarinet player (d. 2016)
    • 1930 – Carlos Kleiber, German-Austrian conductor (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Tommy Tedesco, American guitarist (d. 1997)
    • 1932 – Richard Mellon Scaife, American businessman (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Edward Brandt, Jr., American physician and mathematician (d. 2007)
    • 1935 – Cheo Feliciano, Puerto Rican-American singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Harrison Schmitt, American geologist, astronaut, and politician
    • 1936 – Anthony Lester, Baron Lester of Herne Hill, English lawyer and politician
    • 1936 – Baard Owe, Norwegian-Danish actor
    • 1937 – Nicholas Maxwell, English philosopher and academic
    • 1937 – Tom Stoppard, Czech-English playwright and screenwriter
    • 1938 – Jean Aitchison, English linguist and academic
    • 1939 – Brigitte Fassbaender, German soprano and director
    • 1939 – László Kovács, Hungarian politician and diplomat, Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1939 – Coco Laboy, Puerto Rican baseball player
    • 1940 – Lamar Alexander, American lawyer and politician, 5th United States Secretary of Education
    • 1940 – Jerzy Buzek, Polish engineer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1940 – Lance Larson, American swimmer
    • 1940 – César Tovar, Venezuelan baseball player (d. 1994)
    • 1941 – Gloria Allred, American lawyer and activist
    • 1941 – Liamine Zéroual, Algerian politician, 4th President of Algeria
    • 1942 – Eddy Mitchell, French singer-songwriter
    • 1943 – Gary Waldhorn, British actor
    • 1943 – Judith Durham, Australian folk-pop singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1943 – Kurtwood Smith, American actor
    • 1943 – Norman E. Thagard, American astronaut
    • 1945 – Michael Cole, American actor
    • 1945 – Michael Martin, Baron Martin of Springburn, Scottish politician, Speaker of the House of Commons (d. 2018)
    • 1946 – Johnny Lee, American singer and guitarist
    • 1946 – Leszek Miller, Polish political scientist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1946 – Michael Shea, American author (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Dave Barry, American journalist and author
    • 1947 – Betty Buckley, American actress and singer
    • 1947 – Mike Burton, American swimmer
    • 1948 – Paul Barrere, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Tarmo Koivisto, Finnish author and illustrator
    • 1949 – Susan Penhaligon, English actress
    • 1949 – John Verity, English guitarist
    • 1949 – Johnnie Wilder, Jr., American singer (d. 2006)
    • 1949 – Bo Xilai, Chinese politician, Chinese Minister of Commerce
    • 1950 – Ewen Chatfield, New Zealand cricketer
    • 1950 – James Hahn, American judge and politician, 40th Mayor of Los Angeles
    • 1951 – Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haitian politician, 41st President of Haiti (d. 2014)
    • 1951 – Richard Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer and footballer
    • 1952 – Laura Branigan, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1952 – Lu Colombo, Italian singer
    • 1952 – Andy Fraser, English singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2015)
    • 1952 – Carla Olson, American singer-songwriter and music producer
    • 1952 – Wasim Raja, Pakistani cricketer (d. 2006)
    • 1952 – Amit Kumar, Indian film playback singer, actor, director, music director and musician
    • 1953 – Lotta Sollander, Swedish alpine skier
    • 1954 – Les Cusworth, English rugby player
    • 1955 – Claude Rajotte, Canadian radio and television host
    • 1956 – Montel Williams, American talk show host and television personality
    • 1957 – Poly Styrene, British musician (d. 2011)
    • 1958 – Matthew Fraser, Canadian-English journalist and academic
    • 1958 – Charlie Higson, English actor, singer, and author
    • 1958 – Siân Lloyd, Welsh meteorologist and journalist
    • 1958 – Didier Mouron, Swiss-Canadian painter
    • 1958 – Aaron Tippin, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1959 – Julie Burchill, English journalist and author
    • 1959 – Ian Maxtone-Graham, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1959 – Stephen Pearcy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1959 – David Shore, Canadian screenwriter and producer
    • 1960 – Vince Clarke, English singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
    • 1962 – Scott Borchetta, American record executive and entrepreneur
    • 1962 – Tom Cruise, American actor and producer
    • 1964 – Yeardley Smith, American actress, voice actress, comedian and writer
    • 1965 – Shinya Hashimoto, Japanese wrestler (d. 2005)
    • 1965 – Connie Nielsen, Danish-American actress
    • 1965 – Komsan Pohkong, Thai lawyer and academic
    • 1965 – Christophe Ruer, French pentathlete (d. 2007)
    • 1966 – Moisés Alou, American baseball player
    • 1967 – Katy Clark, Scottish lawyer and politician
    • 1968 – Ramush Haradinaj, Kosovo-Albanian soldier and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Kosovo
    • 1970 – Serhiy Honchar, Ukrainian cyclist
    • 1970 – Audra McDonald, American actress and singer
    • 1970 – Teemu Selänne, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1971 – Julian Assange, Australian journalist, publisher, and activist, founded WikiLeaks
    • 1973 – Paul Rauhihi, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1973 – Ólafur Stefánsson, Icelandic handball player
    • 1973 – Fyodor Tuvin, Russian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1976 – Wade Belak, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2011)
    • 1976 – Henry Olonga, Zimbabwean cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Wanderlei Silva, Brazilian-American mixed martial artist
    • 1976 – Bobby Skinstad, Zimbabwean-South African rugby union player
    • 1977 – David Bowens, American football player
    • 1978 – Mizuki Noguchi, Japanese runner
    • 1979 – Jamie Grove, English cricketer
    • 1980 – Mazharul Haque, Bangladeshi cricketer (d. 2013)
    • 1980 – Roland Schoeman, South African swimmer
    • 1980 – Harbhajan Singh, Indian cricketer
    • 1983 – Edinson Vólquez, Dominican baseball player
    • 1984 – Manny Lawson, American football player
    • 1984 – Churandy Martina, Dutch sprinter
    • 1984 – Corey Sevier, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1986 – Marco Antônio de Mattos Filho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1986 – Kisenosato Yutaka, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1987 – Sebastian Vettel, German race car driver
    • 1988 – Winston Reid, New Zealand-Danish footballer
    • 1988 – Vladislav Sesganov, Russian figure skater
    • 1988 – James Troisi, Australian footballer
    • 1989 – Mitchell Dodds, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Elle King, American singer, songwriter, and actress
    • 1990 – Nathan Gardner, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Bobby Hopkinson, English footballer
    • 1990 – Lucas Mendes, Brazilian footballer
    • 1991 – Alison Howie, Scottish field hockey player
    • 1991 – Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, Russian tennis player
    • 1992 – Will Smith, Australian rugby league player
    • 1994 – Ben Winchell, American actor

    Deaths on July 3

    • 458 – Anatolius of Constantinople, Byzantine patriarch and saint (b. 449)
    • 710 – Emperor Zhongzong of Tang (b. 656)
    • 896 – Dong Chang, Chinese warlord
    • 964 – Henry I, Frankish nobleman and archbishop
    • 1090 – Egbert II, Margrave of Meissen (b. c. 1060)
    • 1288 – Stephen de Fulbourn, English-born Irish cleric and politician
    • 1503 – Pierre d’Aubusson, Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes (b. 1423)
    • 1570 – Aonio Paleario, Italian academic and reformer (b. 1500)
    • 1642 – Marie de’ Medici, French queen consort and regent (b. 1573)
    • 1672 – Francis Willughby, English ornithologist and ichthyologist (b. 1635)
    • 1749 – William Jones, Welsh-English mathematician and academic (b. 1675)
    • 1790 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l’Isle, French geologist and mineralogist (b. 1736)
    • 1795 – Louis-Georges de Bréquigny, French scholar and author (b. 1714)
    • 1795 – Antonio de Ulloa, Spanish general, astronomer, and politician, 1st Colonial Governor of Louisiana (b. 1716)
    • 1809 – Joseph Quesnel, French-Canadian composer and playwright (b. 1746)
    • 1863 – George Hull Ward, American general (b. 1826)
    • 1863 – Little Crow, American tribal leader (b. 1810)
    • 1881 – Hasan Tahsini, Albanian astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1811)
    • 1887 – Clay Allison, American rancher (b. 1841)
    • 1888 – Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Vietnamese poet and author (b. 1822)
    • 1904 – Édouard Beaupré, Canadian giant and strongman (b. 1881)
    • 1904 – Theodor Herzl, Austrian journalist and playwright (b. 1860)
    • 1908 – Joel Chandler Harris, American journalist and author (b. 1845)
    • 1916 – Hetty Green, American businesswoman and financier (b. 1834)
    • 1918 – Mehmed V, Ottoman sultan (b. 1844)
    • 1921 – James Mitchel, Irish-American weight thrower (b. 1864)
    • 1927 – Gérard de Courcelles, French race car driver
    • 1933 – Hipólito Yrigoyen, Argentinian educator and politician, 19th President of Argentina (b. 1852)
    • 1935 – André Citroën, French engineer and businessman, founded the Citroën Company (b. 1878)
    • 1937 – Jacob Schick, American-Canadian captain and businessman, invented the electric razor (b. 1877)
    • 1940 – Nicolae Bivol, Moldovan businessman and politician, Mayor of Chișinău (b. 1882)
    • 1941 – Friedrich Akel, Estonian physician and politician, Head of State of Estonia (b. 1871)
    • 1954 – Siegfried Handloser, German physician and general (b. 1895)
    • 1954 – Reginald Marsh, French-American painter, illustrator, and academic (b. 1898)
    • 1957 – Dolf Luque, Cuban baseball player and manager (b. 1890)
    • 1957 – Richard Mohaupt, German composer and Kapellmeister (b. 1904)
    • 1958 – Charles Bathurst, 1st Viscount Bledisloe, English politician, 4th Governor-General of New Zealand (b. 1867)
    • 1969 – Brian Jones, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1942)
    • 1971 – Jim Morrison, American singer-songwriter (b. 1943)
    • 1974 – John Crowe Ransom, American poet and critic (b. 1888)
    • 1977 – Alexander Volkov, Russian mathematician and author (b. 1891)
    • 1978 – James Daly, American actor (b. 1918)
    • 1979 – Louis Durey, French pianist and composer (b. 1888)
    • 1981 – Ross Martin, American actor and director (b. 1920)
    • 1985 – Frank J. Selke, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (b. 1893)
    • 1986 – Rudy Vallée, American singer, saxophonist, and actor (b. 1901)
    • 1989 – Jim Backus, American actor and voice artist (b. 1913)
    • 1993 – Don Drysdale, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1936)
    • 1994 – Lew Hoad, Australian tennis player and coach (b. 1934)
    • 1995 – Pancho Gonzales, American tennis player (b. 1928)
    • 1995 – Eddie Mazur, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)
    • 1998 – Danielle Bunten Berry, American game designer and programmer (b. 1949)
    • 1999 – Mark Sandman, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1952)
    • 1999 – Pelageya Polubarinova-Kochina, Russian mathematician (b. 1899)
    • 1999 – Manoj Kumar Pandey,Param Vir ChakraIndian army personnel
    • 2001 – Mordecai Richler, Canadian author and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 2001 – Johnny Russell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
    • 2004 – Andriyan Nikolayev, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1929)
    • 2005 – Alberto Lattuada, Italian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Gaylord Nelson, American lawyer and politician, 35th Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1916)
    • 2006 – Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist, developed the OBJ programming language (b. 1941)
    • 2007 – Boots Randolph, American saxophonist (b. 1927)
    • 2008 – Clive Hornby, English actor and drummer (b. 1944)
    • 2008 – Oliver Schroer, Canadian fiddler, composer, and producer (b. 1956)
    • 2009 – Alauddin Al-Azad, Bangladeshi author and poet (b.1932)
    • 2009 – John Keel, American journalist and author (b. 1930)
    • 2010 – Abu Daoud, Palestinian terrorist, planned the Munich massacre (b. 1937)
    • 2011 – Ali Bahar, Bahraini singer and guitarist (b. 1960)
    • 2012 – Nguyễn Hữu Có, Vietnamese general and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Andy Griffith, American actor, singer, and producer (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Yvonne B. Miller, American educator and politician (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Sergio Pininfarina, Italian engineer and politician (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Richard Alvin Tonry, American lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Roman Bengez, Slovenian footballer and manager (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Francis Ray, American author (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – PJ Torokvei, Canadian actress and screenwriter (b. 1951)
    • 2013 – Radu Vasile, Romanian historian and politician, 57th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Bernard Vitet, French trumpet player and composer (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Snoo Wilson, English playwright and screenwriter (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Jini Dellaccio, American photographer (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Tim Flood, Irish hurler and coach (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Volkmar Groß, German footballer (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Ira Ruskin, American politician (b. 1943)
    • 2014 – Zalman Schachter-Shalomi, Ukrainian-American rabbi and author (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Diana Douglas, British-American actress (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Boyd K. Packer, American religious leader and educator (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Wayne Townsend, American farmer and politician (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Phil Walsh, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1960)
    • 2020 – Saroj Khan, Indian dance choreographer, known as “The Mother of Dance/Choreography in India”.(b. 1948)

    Holidays and observances on July 3

    • Christian feast day:
      • Anatolius of Constantinople
      • Anatolius of Laodicea
      • Dathus
      • Germanus of Man
      • Gurthiern
      • Heliodorus of Altino
      • Mucian
      • Peregrina Mogas Fontcuberta
      • Pope Leo II
      • Thomas the Apostle
      • July 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Emancipation Day (United States Virgin Islands)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the liberation of Minsk from Nazi occupation by Soviet troops in 1944 (Belarus)
    • The start of the Dog Days according to the Old Farmer’s Almanac but not according to established meaning in most European cultures
    • Women’s Day (Myanmar)

  • June 30 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy.
    • 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus.
    • 1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan and the Swiss cantons.
    • 1521 – Spanish forces defeat a combined French and Navarrese army at the Battle of Noáin during the Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre.
    • 1559 – King Henry II of France is mortally wounded in a jousting match against Gabriel, comte de Montgomery.
    • 1651 – The Deluge: Khmelnytsky Uprising: The Battle of Berestechko ends with a Polish victory.
    • 1688 – The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
    • 1758 – Seven Years’ War: Habsburg Austrian forces destroy a Prussian reinforcement and supply convoy in the Battle of Domstadtl, helping to expel Prussian King Frederick the Great from Moravia.
    • 1794 – Northwest Indian War: Native American forces under Blue Jacket attack Fort Recovery.
    • 1805 – Under An act to divide the Indiana Territory into two separate governments, adopted by the U.S. Congress on January 11, 1805, the Michigan Territory is organized.
    • 1859 – French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
    • 1860 – The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
    • 1864 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln grants Yosemite Valley to California for “public use, resort and recreation”.
    • 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau is hanged in Washington, D.C. for the assassination of U.S. President James Garfield.
    • 1886 – The first transcontinental train trip across Canada departs from Montreal, Quebec. It arrives in Port Moody, British Columbia on July 4.
    • 1892 – The Homestead Strike begins near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
    • 1905 – Albert Einstein sends the article On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, in which he introduces special relativity, for publication in Annalen der Physik.
    • 1906 – The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.
    • 1908 – The Tunguska Event, the largest impact event on Earth in human recorded history, resulting in a massive explosion over Eastern Siberia.
    • 1912 – The Regina Cyclone, Canada’s deadliest tornado event, kills 28 people in Regina, Saskatchewan.
    • 1916 – World War I: In “the day Sussex died”, elements of the Royal Sussex Regiment take heavy casualties in the Battle of the Boar’s Head at Richebourg-l’Avoué in France.
    • 1921 – U.S. President Warren G. Harding appoints former President William Howard Taft as Chief Justice of the United States.
    • 1922 – In Washington D.C., U.S. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes and Dominican Ambassador Francisco J. Peynado sign the Hughes–Peynado agreement, which ends the United States occupation of the Dominican Republic.
    • 1934 – The Night of the Long Knives, Adolf Hitler’s violent purge of his political rivals in Germany, takes place.
    • 1936 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Abyssinia appeals for aid to the League of Nations against Italy’s invasion of his country.
    • 1937 – The world’s first emergency telephone number, 999, is introduced in London.
    • 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Cherbourg ends with the fall of the strategically valuable port to American forces.
    • 1953 – The first Chevrolet Corvette rolls off the assembly line in Flint, Michigan.
    • 1956 – A TWA Super Constellation and a United Airlines DC-7 collide above the Grand Canyon in Arizona and crash, killing all 128 on board both airliners.
    • 1959 – A United States Air Force F-100 Super Sabre from Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, crashes into a nearby elementary school, killing 11 students plus six residents from the local neighborhood.
    • 1960 – Belgian Congo gains independence as Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville).
    • 1963 – Ciaculli bombing: a car bomb, intended for Mafia boss Salvatore Greco, kills seven police officers and military personnel near Palermo.
    • 1966 – The National Organization for Women, the United States’ largest feminist organization, is founded.
    • 1968 – Pope Paul VI issues the Credo of the People of God.
    • 1971 – The crew of the Soviet Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply escapes through a faulty valve.
    • 1972 – The first leap second is added to the UTC time system.
    • 1974 – The Baltimore municipal strike of 1974 begins.
    • 1977 – The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization disbands.
    • 1985 – Thirty-nine American hostages from the hijacked TWA Flight 847 are freed in Beirut after being held for 17 days.
    • 1986 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Bowers v. Hardwick that states can outlaw homosexual acts between consenting adults.
    • 1990 – East Germany and West Germany merge their economies.
    • 1994 – During a test flight of an Airbus A330-300 at Toulouse–Blagnac Airport, the aircraft crashes killing all seven people on board.
    • 1997 – The United Kingdom transfers sovereignty over Hong Kong to China.
    • 2005 – MTV Canada is rebranded as Razer
    • 2007 – A Jeep Cherokee filled with propane canisters drives into the entrance of Glasgow Airport, Scotland in a failed terrorist attack. This was linked to the 2007 London car bombs that had taken place the day before.
    • 2009 – Yemenia Flight 626, an Airbus A310-300, crashes into the Indian Ocean near Comoros, killing 152 of the 153 people on board. A 14-year-old girl named Bahia Bakari survives the crash.
    • 2013 – Nineteen firefighters die controlling a wildfire in Yarnell, Arizona.
    • 2013 – Protests begin around Egypt against President Mohamed Morsi and the ruling Freedom and Justice Party, leading to their overthrow during the 2013 Egyptian coup d’état.
    • 2015 – A Hercules C-130 military aircraft with 113 people on board crashes in a residential area in Medan, Indonesia, resulting in at least 116 deaths.
    • 2019 – Donald Trump becomes the first sitting US President to visit the Democratic Republic of Korea.

    Births on June 30

    • 1286 – John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English magnate (d. 1347)
    • 1468 – John, Elector of Saxony (d. 1532)
    • 1470 – Charles VIII of France (d. 1498)
    • 1478 – John, Prince of Asturias, Son of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (d. 1497)
    • 1503 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1554)
    • 1533 – Martín de Rada, Spanish missionary (d. 1578)
    • 1588 – Giovanni Maria Sabino, Italian organist, composer, and educator (d. 1649)
    • 1641 – Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general (d. 1719)
    • 1685 – John Gay, English poet and playwright (d. 1732)
    • 1688 – Abu l-Hasan Ali I, ruler of Tunisia (d. 1756)
    • 1722 – Jiří Antonín Benda, Czech composer, violinist and Kapellmeister (d. 1795)
    • 1755 – Paul Barras, French soldier and politician (d. 1829)
    • 1789 – Horace Vernet, French painter and academic (d. 1863)
    • 1791 – Félix Savart, French physicist and psychologist (d. 1841)
    • 1803 – Thomas Lovell Beddoes, English poet, playwright, and physician (d. 1849)
    • 1807 – Friedrich Theodor Vischer, German author, poet, and playwright (d.1887)
    • 1817 – Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist and explorer (d. 1911)
    • 1843 – Ernest Mason Satow, English orientalist and diplomat (d. 1929)
    • 1864 – Frederick Bligh Bond, English architect and archaeologist (d. 1945)
    • 1884 – Georges Duhamel, French author and critic (d. 1966)
    • 1889 – Archibald Frazer-Nash, English motor car designer, engineer and founder of Frazer Nash (d. 1965)
    • 1890 – Paul Boffa, Maltese physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1962)
    • 1891 – Man Mountain Dean, American wrestler and sergeant (d. 1953)
    • 1891 – Ed Lewis, American wrestler and manager (d. 1966)
    • 1891 – Stanley Spencer, English painter (d. 1959)
    • 1892 – Pierre Blanchar, Algerian-French actor and director (d. 1963)
    • 1893 – Walter Ulbricht, German soldier and politician (d. 1973)
    • 1895 – Heinz Warneke, German-American sculptor and educator (d. 1983)
    • 1899 – Madge Bellamy, American actress (d. 1990)
    • 1905 – John Van Ryn, American tennis player (d. 1999)
    • 1906 – Anthony Mann, American actor and director (d. 1967)
    • 1907 – Roman Shukhevych, Ukrainian general and politician (d. 1950)
    • 1908 – Winston Graham, English author (d. 2003)
    • 1908 – Luigi Rovere, Italian film producer (d. 1996)
    • 1908 – Rob Nieuwenhuys, Dutch writer (d. 1999)
    • 1909 – Juan Bosch, 43rd President of the Dominican Republic (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – Czesław Miłosz, Polish novelist, essayist, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
    • 1911 – Nagarjun, Indian poet (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – Ludwig Bölkow, German engineer (d. 2003)
    • 1912 – Dan Reeves, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1971)
    • 1912 – María Luisa Dehesa Gómez Farías, Mexican architect (d. 2009)
    • 1913 – Alfonso López Michelsen, Colombian lawyer and politician, 24th President of Colombia (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – Harry Wismer, American sportscaster (d. 1967)
    • 1914 – Francisco da Costa Gomes, Portuguese general and politician, 15th President of Portugal (d. 2001)
    • 1914 – Allan Houser, American sculptor and painter (d. 1994)
    • 1917 – Susan Hayward, American actress (d. 1975)
    • 1917 – Lena Horne, American actress, singer, and activist (d. 2010)
    • 1917 – Willa Kim, American costume designer (d. 2016)
    • 1919 – Ed Yost, American inventor of the modern hot air balloon (d. 2007)
    • 1920 – Eleanor Ross Taylor, American poet and educator (d. 2011)
    • 1921 – Washington SyCip, American-Filipino accountant (d. 2017)
    • 1922 – Al Besselink, American professional golfer
    • 1923 – Andy Jack, English footballer
    • 1924 – Max Trepp, Swiss sprinter
    • 1925 – Fred Schaus, American basketball player and coach (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – Ebrahim Amini, Iranian politician (d. 2020)
    • 1926 – Paul Berg, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1926 – David Berglas, American magician and mentalist
    • 1927 – Shirley Fry Irvin, American tennis player
    • 1927 – James Goldman, American screenwriter and playwright (d. 1998)
    • 1927 – Mario Lanfranchi, Italian director, screenwriter, producer, collector and actor
    • 1927 – Frank McCabe, American basketball player
    • 1928 – Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli, Islamic philosopher, theologian, mathematician and mystic
    • 1928 – Nathaniel Tarn, American poet, essayist, anthropologist, and translator
    • 1929 – Yang Ti-liang, Chinese judge
    • 1930 – Ben Atchley, American politician (d. 2018)
    • 1930 – Ahmed Zaki Yamani, Saudi Arabian politician
    • 1930 – Ignatius Peter VIII Abdalahad, Syrian bishop (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Yo-Yo Davalillo, Venezuelan baseball player and manager (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Andrew Hill, American pianist and composer (d. 2007)
    • 1931 – Ronald Rene Lagueux, American judge
    • 1931 – Kaye Vaughan, American football player
    • 1933 – Tomislav Ivić, Croatian football coach and manager (d. 2011)
    • 1933 – M. J. K. Smith, English cricketer and rugby player
    • 1933 – Orval Tessier, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1933 – Joan Murrell Owens, American educator and marine biologist (d. 2011)
    • 1934 – Harry Blackstone Jr., American magician and author (d. 1997)
    • 1935 – John Harlin, American pilot and mountaineer (d. 1966)
    • 1936 – Assia Djebar, Algerian-French author and translator (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – Nancy Dussault, American actress and singer
    • 1936 – Tony Musante, American actor and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1936 – Dave Van Ronk, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2002)
    • 1937 – Larry Henley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1938 – Billy Mills, American sprinter
    • 1939 – Tony Hatch, English pianist, composer, and producer
    • 1939 – Barry Hines, English author and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1939 – José Emilio Pacheco, Mexican poet and author (d. 2014)
    • 1940 – Mark Spoelstra, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2007)
    • 1941 – Peter Pollock, South African cricketer and author
    • 1942 – Robert Ballard, American lieutenant and oceanographer
    • 1942 – Ron Harris, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1943 – Florence Ballard, American pop/soul singer (d. 1976)
    • 1943 – Saeed Akhtar Mirza, Indian director and screenwriter
    • 1944 – Raymond Moody, American parapsychologist and author
    • 1944 – Glenn Shorrock, English-Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1944 – Ron Swoboda, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1949 – Uwe Kliemann, German footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1949 – Andy Scott, Welsh singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1951 – Stanley Clarke, American bass player and composer
    • 1952 – Athanassios S. Fokas, Greek mathematician and academic
    • 1952 – David Garrison, American actor and singer
    • 1953 – Hal Lindes, American-English guitarist and film score composer
    • 1954 – Stephen Barlow, English organist, composer, and conductor
    • 1954 – Pierre Charles, Dominican educator and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Dominica (d. 2004)
    • 1954 – Serzh Sargsyan, Armenian politician, 3rd President of Armenia
    • 1954 – Wayne Swan, Australian academic and politician, 14th Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
    • 1955 – Brian Vollmer, Canadian singer
    • 1955 – Egils Levits, Latvian judge, jurist, 10th President of Latvia
    • 1956 – Volker Beck, German hurdler and coach
    • 1956 – David Lidington, English historian, academic, and politician, Minister of State for Europe
    • 1956 – David Alan Grier, American actor, singer, and comedian
    • 1957 – Bud Black, American baseball player and manager
    • 1957 – Sterling Marlin, American race car driver
    • 1958 – Pam Royle, British television presenter, journalist and voice coach
    • 1958 – Esa-Pekka Salonen, Finnish conductor and composer
    • 1959 – Vincent D’Onofrio, American actor
    • 1959 – Daniel Goldhagen, American political scientist, author, and academic
    • 1959 – Brendan Perry, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1959 – Sakis Tsiolis, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1959 – Sandip Verma, Baroness Verma, Indian-English businesswoman and politician
    • 1960 – Jack McConnell, Scottish educator and politician, 3rd First Minister of Scotland
    • 1960 – Murray Cook, Australian musician, actor, songwriter and producer
    • 1961 – Lynne Jolitz, American computer scientist and programmer
    • 1961 – Clive Nolan, English musician, composer and producer
    • 1962 – Tony Fernández, Dominican baseball player
    • 1962 – Julianne Regan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1963 – Olha Bryzhina, Ukrainian sprinter
    • 1963 – Rupert Graves, English actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1963 – Yngwie Malmsteen, Swedish guitarist and songwriter
    • 1964 – Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg
    • 1964 – Mark Waters, American director and producer
    • 1965 – Steve Duchesne, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Cho Jae-hyun, South Korean actor
    • 1965 – Anna Levandi, Russian figure skater and coach
    • 1965 – Gary Pallister, English footballer and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Mitch Richmond, American basketball player
    • 1966 – Mike Tyson, American boxer and actor
    • 1967 – Patrik Bodén, Swedish javelin thrower
    • 1967 – David Busst, English footballer and manager
    • 1967 – Victoria Kaspi, American-Canadian astrophysicist and academic
    • 1968 – Phil Anselmo, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1969 – Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer and politician
    • 1969 – Uta Rohländer, German sprinter
    • 1969 – Sébastien Rose, Canadian director and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Brian Bloom, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Antonio Chimenti, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Mark Grudzielanek, American baseball player and manager
    • 1971 – Monica Potter, American actress
    • 1972 – Sandra Cam, Belgian swimmer
    • 1973 – Chan Ho Park, South Korean baseball player
    • 1973 – Frank Rost, German footballer and manager
    • 1974 – Hezekiél Sepeng, South African runner
    • 1975 – James Bannatyne, New Zealand footballer
    • 1975 – Ralf Schumacher, German race car driver
    • 1978 – Ben Cousins, Australian footballer
    • 1978 – Patrick Ivuti, Kenyan runner
    • 1978 – Claudio Rivalta, Italian footballer
    • 1979 – Sylvain Chavanel, French cyclist
    • 1980 – Rade Prica, Swedish footballer
    • 1980 – Seyi Olofinjana, Nigerian footballer
    • 1980 – Ryan ten Doeschate, Dutch cricketer
    • 1981 – Can Artam, Turkish race car driver
    • 1981 – Matt Kirk, Canadian football player
    • 1981 – Barbora Špotáková, Czech javelin thrower
    • 1981 – Ben Utecht, American football player
    • 1982 – Lizzy Caplan, American actress
    • 1982 – Ignacio Carrasco, Mexican footballer
    • 1983 – Marcus Burghardt, German cyclist
    • 1983 – Katherine Ryan, UK-based Canadian comedian and presenter
    • 1983 – Cheryl, English singer and TV personality
    • 1984 – Fantasia Barrino, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1984 – Tunku Ismail Idris, Crown Prince of Johor, Malaysia
    • 1985 – Trevor Ariza, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Michael Phelps, American swimmer
    • 1985 – Fabiana Vallejos, Argentinian footballer
    • 1986 – Alicia Fox, American wrestler, model, and actress
    • 1986 – Fredy Guarín, Colombian footballer
    • 1986 – Nicola Pozzi, Italian footballer
    • 1986 – Allegra Versace, Italian-American businesswoman
    • 1987 – Ryan Cook, American baseball player
    • 1987 – Andrew Hedgman, New Zealand runner
    • 1988 – Elisa Jordana, American singer-songwriter, radio and TV personality
    • 1989 – Asbel Kiprop, Kenyan runner
    • 1989 – Steffen Liebig, German rugby player
    • 1989 – David Myers, Australian footballer
    • 1990 – N, South Korean singer
    • 1998 – Tom Davies, English footballer

    Deaths on June 30

    • 350 – Nepotianus, Roman ruler
    • 710 – Erentrude, Frankish abbess
    • 888 – Æthelred, archbishop of Canterbury
    • 945 – Ki no Tsurayuki, Japanese writer and poet (b. 872)
    • 1181 – Hugh de Kevelioc, 5th Earl of Chester, Welsh politician (b. 1147)
    • 1224 – Adolf of Osnabrück, German monk and bishop (b. 1185)
    • 1278 – Pierre de la Broce, French courtier
    • 1337 – Eleanor de Clare, English noblewoman (b. 1290)
    • 1364 – Arnošt of Pardubice, Czech archbishop (b. 1297)
    • 1538 – Charles II, Duke of Guelders (b. 1467)
    • 1522 – Johann Reuchlin, German humanist and Hebrew scholar (b. 1455)
    • 1607 – Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian (b. 1538)
    • 1649 – Simon Vouet, French painter (b. 1590)
    • 1660 – William Oughtred, English minister and mathematician (b. 1575)
    • 1666 – Alexander Brome, English poet and playwright (b. 1620)
    • 1670 – Henrietta of England (b. 1644)
    • 1704 – John Quelch, English pirate (b. 1665)
    • 1708 – Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia (b. 1684)
    • 1709 – Edward Lhuyd, Welsh botanist, linguist, and geographer (b. 1660)
    • 1785 – James Oglethorpe, English general and politician, 1st Colonial Governor of Georgia (b. 1696)
    • 1796 – Abraham Yates Jr., American lawyer and politician (b. 1724)
    • 1857 – Alcide d’Orbigny, French zoologist and paleontologist (b. 1802)
    • 1882 – Charles J. Guiteau, American preacher and lawyer, assassin of James A. Garfield (b. 1841)
    • 1882 – Alberto Henschel, German-Brazilian photographer and businessman (b. 1827)
    • 1890 – Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, American organist and composer (b. 1819)
    • 1908 – Thomas Hill, American painter (b. 1829)
    • 1913 – Alphonse Kirchhoffer, French fencer (b. 1873)
    • 1916 – Eunice Eloisae Gibbs Allyn, American correspondent, author, and poet (b. 1847)
    • 1917 – Antonio de La Gándara, French painter and illustrator (b. 1861)
    • 1917 – Dadabhai Naoroji, Parsi intellectual, educator, cotton trader, and an early Indian political and social leader (b. 1825)
    • 1919 – John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1842)
    • 1932 – Bruno Kastner, German actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1890)
    • 1934 – Karl Ernst, German soldier (b. 1904)
    • 1934 – Erich Klausener, German soldier and politician (b. 1885)
    • 1934 – Gustav Ritter von Kahr, German lawyer and politician, Minister-President of Bavaria (b. 1862)
    • 1934 – Gregor Strasser, German lieutenant and politician (b. 1892)
    • 1934 – Kurt von Schleicher, German general and politician, 23rd Chancellor of Germany (b. 1882)
    • 1941 – Yefim Fomin, Belarusian politician (b. 1909)
    • 1941 – Aleksander Tõnisson, Estonian general and politician, 5th Estonian Minister of War (b. 1875)
    • 1948 – Prince Sabahaddin, Turkish-Swiss sociologist and academic (b. 1879)
    • 1949 – Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild, French financier and polo player (b. 1868)
    • 1951 – Yrjö Saarela, Finnish wrestler and coach (b. 1884)
    • 1953 – Elsa Beskow, Swedish author and illustrator (b. 1874)
    • 1953 – Charles William Miller, Brazilian footballer and civil servant (b. 1874)
    • 1954 – Andrass Samuelsen, Faroese politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (b. 1873)
    • 1956 – Thorleif Lund, Norwegian actor (b. 1880)
    • 1959 – José Vasconcelos, Mexican philosopher and politician (b. 1882)
    • 1961 – Lee de Forest, American inventor, invented the audion tube (b. 1873)
    • 1966 – Giuseppe Farina, Italian race car driver (b. 1906)
    • 1966 – Margery Allingham, English author of detective fiction (b. 1904)
    • 1968 – Ernst Marcus, German zoologist (b. 1893)
    • 1971 – Georgi Asparuhov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1943)
    • 1971 – Herbert Biberman, American director and screenwriter (b. 1900)
    • 1971 – Georgy Dobrovolsky Ukrainian pilot and astronaut (b. 1928)
    • 1971 – Nikola Kotkov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1938)
    • 1971 – Viktor Patsayev, Kazakh engineer and astronaut (b. 1933)
    • 1971 – Vladislav Volkov, Russian engineer and astronaut (b. 1935)
    • 1973 – Nancy Mitford, English journalist and author (b. 1904)
    • 1973 – Vasyl Velychkovsky, Ukrainian-Canadian bishop and martyr (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Alberta Williams King, Civil rights activist (b. 1904)
    • 1976 – Firpo Marberry, American baseball player and umpire (b. 1898)
    • 1984 – Lillian Hellman, American author and playwright (b. 1905)
    • 1985 – Haruo Remeliik, Palauan politician, 1st President of Palau (b. 1933)
    • 1995 – Georgy Beregovoy, Ukrainian general and astronaut (b. 1921)
    • 1995 – Gale Gordon, American actor and voice artist (b. 1906)
    • 1996 – Lakis Petropoulos, Greek footballer and manager (b. 1932)
    • 2001 – Chet Atkins, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1924)
    • 2001 – Joe Henderson, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1937)
    • 2002 – Chico Xavier, Brazilian medium and author (b. 1910)
    • 2003 – Buddy Hackett, American actor and comedian (b. 1924)
    • 2003 – Robert McCloskey, American author and illustrator (b. 1915)
    • 2004 – Eddie Burns, Australian rugby league player (b. 1916)
    • 2007 – Sahib Singh Verma, Indian librarian and politician, 4th Chief Minister of Delhi (b. 1943)
    • 2009 – Pina Bausch, German dancer, choreographer, and director (b. 1940)
    • 2009 – Harve Presnell, American actor and singer (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Michael Abney-Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun, English-Australian politician (b. 1942)
    • 2012 – Yitzhak Shamir, Israeli politician, 7th Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1915)
    • 2012 – Michael J. Ybarra, American journalist and author (b. 1966)
    • 2013 – Alan Campbell, Baron Campbell of Alloway, English lawyer and judge (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Akpor Pius Ewherido, Nigerian politician (b. 1963)
    • 2013 – Kathryn Morrison, American educator and politician (b. 1942)
    • 2013 – Thompson Oliha, Nigerian footballer (b. 1968)
    • 2013 – Keith Seaman, Australian politician, 29th Governor of South Australia (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Frank Cashen, American businessman (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Paul Mazursky, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Željko Šturanović, Montenegrin lawyer and politician, 31st Prime Minister of Montenegro (b. 1960)
    • 2015 – Charles W. Bagnal, American general (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Robert Dewar, English-American computer scientist and academic (b. 1945)
    • 2015 – Arthur Porter, Canadian physician and academic (b. 1956)
    • 2015 – Leonard Starr, American author and illustrator (b. 1925)
    • 2017 – Barry Norman, English television presenter (b. 1933)
    • 2017 – Simone Veil, French lawyer and politician (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on June 30

    • Christian feast day:
      • Martial
      • Theobald of Provins
      • First Martyrs of the Church of Rome
      • June 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Armed Forces Day (Guatemala)
    • Asteroid Day (International observance)
    • General Prayer Day (Central African Republic)
    • Independence Day (Democratic Republic of the Congo), celebrates the independence of Democratic Republic of the Congo from Belgium in 1960.
    • Navy Day (Israel)
    • Philippine–Spanish Friendship Day (Philippines)
    • Revolution Day (Sudan)
    • Teachers’ Day (Dominican Republic)

  • June 27 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.
    • 1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
    • 1556 – The thirteen Stratford Martyrs are burned at the stake near London for their Protestant beliefs.
    • 1743 – In the Battle of Dettingen, George II becomes the last reigning British monarch to participate in a battle.
    • 1760 – Anglo-Cherokee War: Cherokee warriors defeat British forces at the Battle of Echoee near present-day Otto, North Carolina.
    • 1806 – British forces take Buenos Aires during the first of the British invasions of the River Plate.
    • 1844 – Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, and his brother Hyrum Smith, are killed by a mob at the Carthage, Illinois jail.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Confederate forces defeat Union forces during the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain during the Atlanta Campaign.
    • 1869 – The Republic of Ezo on the island of Hokkaido ends after being defeated by Japanese Imperial troops.
    • 1895 – The inaugural run of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad’s Royal Blue from Washington, D.C., to New York City, the first U.S. passenger train to use electric locomotives.
    • 1898 – The first solo circumnavigation of the globe is completed by Joshua Slocum from Briar Island, Nova Scotia.
    • 1905 – During the Russo-Japanese War, sailors start a mutiny aboard the Russian battleship Potemkin.
    • 1908 – A group of Vietnamese tirailleurs conducts a failed attempt to poison the entire French army’s garrison in the Hanoi Citadel with the aim to make way for Hoàng Hoa Thám’s rebel army to capture Hanoi.
    • 1923 – Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH.4B biplane.
    • 1927 – Prime Minister of Japan Tanaka Giichi convenes an eleven-day conference to discuss Japan’s strategy in China. The Tanaka Memorial, a forged plan for world domination, is later claimed to be a secret report leaked from this conference.
    • 1941 – Romanian authorities launch one of the most violent pogroms in Jewish history in the city of Iași, resulting in the murder of at least 13,266 Jews.
    • 1941 – World War II: German troops capture the city of Białystok during Operation Barbarossa.
    • 1946 – In the Canadian Citizenship Act, the Parliament of Canada establishes the definition of Canadian citizenship.
    • 1950 – The United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War.
    • 1954 – The Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant, the Soviet Union’s first nuclear power station, opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
    • 1954 – The FIFA World Cup quarterfinal match between Hungary and Brazil, highly anticipated to be exciting, instead turns violent, with three players ejected and further fighting continuing after the game.
    • 1957 – Hurricane Audrey makes landfall near the Texas–Louisiana border, killing over 400 people, mainly in and around Cameron, Louisiana.
    • 1973 – The President of Uruguay Juan María Bordaberry dissolves Parliament and establishes a dictatorship.
    • 1974 – U.S. president Richard Nixon visits the Soviet Union.
    • 1976 – Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) is hijacked en route to Paris by the PLO and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.
    • 1977 – France grants independence to Djibouti.
    • 1980 – The ‘Ustica massacre’: Itavia Flight 870 crashes in the sea while en route from Bologna to Palermo, Italy, killing all 81 on board.
    • 1981 – The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issues its “Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China”, laying the blame for the Cultural Revolution on Mao Zedong.
    • 1982 – Space Shuttle Columbia launched from the Kennedy Space Center on the final research and development flight mission, STS-4.
    • 1988 – The Gare de Lyon rail accident in Paris, France, kills 56 people.
    • 1991 – Slovenia, after declaring independence two days before is invaded by Yugoslav troops, tanks, and aircraft starting the Ten-Day War.
    • 1994 – Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult release sarin gas in Matsumoto, Japan. Seven people are killed, 660 injured.
    • 2007 – Tony Blair resigns as British Prime Minister, a position he had held since 1997. His Chancellor, Gordon Brown succeeds him.
    • 2007 – The Brazilian Military Police invades the favelas of Complexo do Alemão in an episode which is remembered as the Complexo do Alemão massacre.
    • 2008 – In a highly scrutinized election President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe is re-elected in a landslide after his opponent Morgan Tsvangirai had withdrawn a week earlier, citing violence against his party’s supporters.
    • 2013 – NASA launches the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, a space probe to observe the Sun.
    • 2014 – At least fourteen people are killed when a Gas Authority of India Limited pipeline explodes in the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
    • 2015 – Formosa Fun Coast fire: A dust fire occurs at a recreational water park in Taiwan, killing 15 people and injuring 497 others, 199 critically.
    • 2017 – A series of powerful cyberattacks using the Petya malware target websites of Ukrainian organizations and counterparts with Ukrainian connections around the globe.

    Births on June 27

    • 850 – Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir (d. 902)
    • 1350 – Manuel II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1425)
    • 1430 – Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter, Lancastrian leader (d. 1475)
    • 1462 – Louis XII, king of France (d. 1515)
    • 1464 – Ernst II of Saxony, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1476–1513) (d. 1513)
    • 1497 – Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1546)
    • 1550 – Charles IX, king of France (d. 1574)
    • 1596 – Maximilian, Prince of Dietrichstein (d. 1655)
    • 1696 – William Pepperrell, American merchant and soldier (d. 1759)
    • 1717 – Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier, French botanist and physicist (d. 1799)
    • 1767 – Alexis Bouvard, French astronomer and academic (d. 1843)
    • 1805 – Napoléon Coste, French guitarist and composer (d. 1883)
    • 1806 – Augustus De Morgan, English mathematician and logician (d. 1871)
    • 1812 – Anna Cabot Lowell Quincy Waterston, American writer (d. 1899)
    • 1817 – Louise von François, German author (d. 1893)
    • 1828 – Bryan O’Loghlen, Irish-Australian politician, 13th Premier of Victoria (d. 1905)
    • 1838 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1894)
    • 1838 – Paul Mauser, German weapon designer, designed the Gewehr 98 (d. 1914)
    • 1846 – Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish politician (d. 1891)
    • 1850 – Jørgen Pedersen Gram, Danish mathematician and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1850 – Lafcadio Hearn, Greek-Japanese historian and author (d. 1904)
    • 1862 – May Irwin, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 1938)
    • 1865 – John Monash, Australian engineer and general (d. 1931)
    • 1869 – Kate Carew, American illustrator and journalist (d. 1961)
    • 1869 – Emma Goldman, Lithuanian-Canadian philosopher and activist (d. 1940)
    • 1869 – Hans Spemann, German embryologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
    • 1870 – Frank Rattray Lillie, American zoologist and embryologist (d. 1947)
    • 1872 – Heber Doust Curtis, American astronomer (d. 1942)
    • 1872 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1906)
    • 1880 – Helen Keller, American author, academic, and activist (d. 1968)
    • 1882 – Eduard Spranger, German philosopher and academic (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (d. 1962)
    • 1885 – Pierre Montet, French historian and academic (d. 1966)
    • 1885 – Guilhermina Suggia, Portuguese cellist (d. 1950)
    • 1886 – Charlie Macartney, Australian cricketer and soldier (d. 1958)
    • 1888 – Lewis Bernstein Namier, Polish-English historian and academic (d. 1960)
    • 1888 – Antoinette Perry, American actress and director (d. 1946)
    • 1892 – Paul Colin, French illustrator (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Juan Trippe, American businessman, founded Pan American World Airways (d. 1981)
    • 1900 – Dixie Brown, British boxer (d. 1957)
    • 1901 – Merle Tuve, American geophysicist and academic (d. 1982)
    • 1905 – Armand Mondou, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1976)
    • 1906 – Catherine Cookson, English author and philanthropist (d. 1998)
    • 1906 – Vernon Watkins, Welsh-American poet and painter (d. 1967)
    • 1907 – John McIntire, American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – João Guimarães Rosa, Brazilian physician and author (d. 1967)
    • 1911 – Marion M. Magruder, American Marine officer, commander of the VMF(N)-533 squadron. (d. 1997)
    • 1912 – E. R. Braithwaite, Guyanese novelist, writer, teacher, and diplomat (d. 2016)
    • 1913 – Elton Britt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972)
    • 1913 – Philip Guston, American painter and academic (d. 1980)
    • 1913 – Willie Mosconi, American pool player (d. 1993)
    • 1914 – Robert Aickman, English author and activist, co-founded the Inland Waterways Association (d. 1981)
    • 1914 – Helena Benitez, Filipina academic and administrator (d. 2016)
    • 1914 – Margaret Ekpo, Nigerian women’s rights activist, social mobilizer and politician (d. 2006)
    • 1914 – Giorgio Almirante, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1988)
    • 1915 – Grace Lee Boggs, American philosopher, author, and activist (d. 2015)
    • 1915 – Aideu Handique, Indian actress (d. 2002)
    • 1915 – John Alexander Moore, American zoologist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Robert Normann, Norwegian guitarist (d. 1998)
    • 1918 – Adolph Kiefer, American swimmer (d. 2017)
    • 1919 – M. Carl Holman, American author, educator, poet, and playwright (d. 1988)
    • 1919 – Amala Shankar, Indian danseuse
    • 1920 – Fernando Riera, Chilean football player and manager (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Muriel Pavlow, English actress (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – George Walker, American composer (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Jacques Berthier, French organist and composer (d. 1994)
    • 1923 – Elmo Hope, American pianist and composer (d. 1967)
    • 1924 – Bob Appleyard, English cricketer and businessman (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Leonard Lerman, American geneticist and biologist (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Doc Pomus, American singer-songwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1925 – Wayne Terwilliger, American second baseman, coach, and manager
    • 1927 – Bob Keeshan, American actor and producer (d. 2004)
    • 1928 – James Lincoln Collier, American journalist and author
    • 1928 – Rudy Perpich, American dentist and politician, 34th Governor of Minnesota (d. 1995)
    • 1929 – Dick the Bruiser, American football player and wrestler (d. 1991)
    • 1929 – Peter Maas, American journalist and author (d. 2001)
    • 1930 – Ross Perot, American businessman and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Charles Bronfman, Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist
    • 1931 – Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1932 – Eddie Kasko, American baseball player and manager (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Anna Moffo, American operatic soprano (d. 2006)
    • 1932 – Hugh Wood, English composer
    • 1936 – Lucille Clifton, American author and poet (d. 2010)
    • 1936 – Shirley Anne Field, English actress
    • 1937 – Joseph P. Allen, American physicist and astronaut
    • 1937 – Otto Herrigel, Namibian lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Kirkpatrick Sale, American author and scholar
    • 1938 – Bruce Babbitt, American lawyer and politician, 47th United States Secretary of the Interior
    • 1938 – David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead, Scottish lieutenant and judge
    • 1938 – Konrad Kujau, German illustrator (d. 2000)
    • 1939 – R. D. Burman, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 1994)
    • 1939 – Neil Hawke, Australian cricketer and footballer (d. 2000)
    • 1940 – Ian Lang, Baron Lang of Monkton, Scottish politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
    • 1941 – Bill Baxley, American lawyer and politician, 24th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
    • 1941 – James P. Hogan, English-Irish author (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1942 – Bruce Johnston, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1942 – Frank Mills, Canadian pianist and composer
    • 1942 – Danny Schechter, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
    • 1943 – Ravi Batra, Indian-American economist and academic
    • 1944 – Angela King, English environmentalist and author, co-founded Common Ground
    • 1944 – Patrick Sercu, Belgian cyclist (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – Joey Covington, American drummer, songwriter, and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1945 – Norma Kamali, American fashion designer
    • 1945 – Ragnar Søderlind, Norwegian composer
    • 1948 – Camile Baudoin, American guitarist
    • 1949 – Vera Wang, American fashion designer
    • 1951 – Ulf Andersson, Swedish chess player
    • 1951 – Julia Duffy, American actress
    • 1951 – Gilson Lavis, English drummer and portrait artist
    • 1951 – Mary McAleese, Irish academic and politician, 8th President of Ireland
    • 1952 – Madan Bhandari, Nepalese politician (d. 1993)
    • 1953 – Igor Gräzin, Estonian academic and politician
    • 1953 – Alice McDermott, American novelist
    • 1954 – Richard Ibbotson, English admiral
    • 1955 – Isabelle Adjani, French actress
    • 1956 – Heiner Dopp, German field hockey player and politician
    • 1957 – Gabriella Dorio, Italian runner
    • 1958 – Lisa Germano, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1958 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
    • 1959 – Dan Jurgens, American author and illustrator
    • 1959 – Lorrie Morgan, American singer
    • 1960 – Craig Hodges, American basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Robert King, English harpsichordist and conductor
    • 1960 – Jeremy Swift, English actor
    • 1962 – Michael Ball, English actor and singer
    • 1962 – Sunanda Pushkar, India-born Canadian businesswoman (d. 2014)
    • 1963 – Wendy Alexander, Scottish politician, Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning
    • 1963 – Johnny Benson Jr., American race car driver
    • 1964 – Stephan Brenninkmeijer, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Chuck Person, American basketball player and coach
    • 1965 – Simon Sebag Montefiore, English journalist, historian, and author
    • 1965 – S. Manikavasagam, Malaysian politician and social activist
    • 1965 – Óscar Vega, Spanish boxer
    • 1966 – J.J. Abrams, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Jörg Bergen, German footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Jeff Conine, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Aigars Kalvītis, Latvian politician, businessman, and former Prime Minister of Latvia
    • 1967 – Sylvie Fréchette, Canadian swimmer and coach
    • 1967 – George Hamilton, Northern Irish police officer
    • 1967 – Vasiliy Kaptyukh, Belarusian discus thrower
    • 1967 – Phil Kearns, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Kelly Ayotte, American lawyer and politician, New Hampshire Attorney General
    • 1969 – Viktor Petrenko, Ukrainian figure skater
    • 1970 – Régine Cavagnoud, French skier (d. 2001)
    • 1970 – John Eales, Australian rugby player and businessman
    • 1970 – Jim Edmonds, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Jo Frost, English nanny, television personality, and author
    • 1971 – Serginho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1972 – Dawud Wharnsby, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1973 – Abbath Doom Occulta, Norwegian musician
    • 1973 – Simon Archer, English badminton player
    • 1974 – Christian Kane, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1974 – Christopher O’Neill, English-American businessman
    • 1975 – Ace Darling, American wrestler
    • 1975 – Bianca Del Rio, American drag queen & comedian
    • 1975 – Sarah Evanetz, Canadian swimmer
    • 1975 – Tobey Maguire, American actor
    • 1975 – Daryle Ward, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Johnny Estrada, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Leigh Nash, American singer-songwriter
    • 1977 – Arkadiusz Radomski, Polish footballer
    • 1978 – Apparat, German musician
    • 1980 – Hugo Campagnaro, Argentinian footballer
    • 1980 – Jennifer Goodridge, American keyboard player
    • 1980 – Alexander Peya, Austrian tennis player
    • 1980 – Kevin Pietersen, South African-English cricketer
    • 1980 – Craig Terrill, American football player
    • 1981 – Andrew Embley, Australian footballer
    • 1983 – Jim Johnson, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Dale Steyn, South African cricketer
    • 1983 – Nikola Rakočević, Serbian actor
    • 1984 – Khloé Kardashian, American model, businesswoman, and radio host
    • 1984 – D.J. King, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Jose Holebas, German-Greek footballer
    • 1984 – Gökhan Inler, Swiss footballer
    • 1985 – James Hook, Welsh rugby player
    • 1985 – Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player
    • 1985 – Nico Rosberg, German race car driver
    • 1986 – Sam Claflin, British actor
    • 1986 – Drake Bell, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1986 – Bryan Fletcher, American skier
    • 1986 – LaShawn Merritt, American sprinter
    • 1987 – India de Beaufort, English actress
    • 1987 – Ed Westwick, English actor
    • 1988 – Stefani Bismpikou, Greek gymnast
    • 1988 – Matthew Spiranovic, Australian footballer
    • 1988 – Kate Ziegler, American swimmer
    • 1989 – Hana Birnerová, Czech tennis player
    • 1989 – Matthew Lewis, English actor
    • 1992 – Ahn So-hee, South Korean singer and actress
    • 1992 – Karthika Nair, Indian film actress
    • 1993 – Johanna Talihärm, Estonian biathlete
    • 1993 – Alberto Campbell-Staines, Australian athlete
    • 1994 – Anita Husarić, Bosnian tennis player
    • 1995 – Monté Morris, American basketball player

    Deaths on June 27

    • 992 – Conan I of Rennes, Duke of Brittany
    • 1162 – Odo II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1118)
    • 1194 – King Sancho VI of Navarre (b. 1132)
    • 1296 – Floris V, Count of Holland (b. 1254)
    • 1458 – Alfonso V of Aragon (b. 1396)
    • 1497 – Michael An Gof, rebel leader
    • 1497 – Thomas Flamank, rebel leader
    • 1574 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian historian, painter, and architect (b. 1511)
    • 1601 – Henry Norris, 1st Baron Norreys (b. 1525)
    • 1603 – Jan Dymitr Solikowski, Polish archbishop (b. 1539)
    • 1627 – John Hayward, English historian, journalist, and politician (b. 1564)
    • 1636 – Date Masamune, Japanese strongman (b. 1567)
    • 1654 – Johannes Valentinus Andreae, German theologian (b. 1586)
    • 1655 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1598)
    • 1672 – Roger Twysden, English historian and politician (b. 1597)
    • 1720 – Guillaume Amfrye de Chaulieu, French poet and author (b. 1639)
    • 1794 – Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg (b. 1711)
    • 1794 – Philippe de Noailles, French general (b. 1715)
    • 1827 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian and academic (b. 1754)
    • 1829 – James Smithson, English chemist and mineralogist (b. 1765)
    • 1831 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
    • 1839 – Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (b. 1780)
    • 1844 – Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (b. 1800)
    • 1844 – Joseph Smith, American religious leader, founded the Latter Day Saint movement (b. 1805)
    • 1878 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (b. 1800)
    • 1894 – Giorgio Costantino Schinas, Maltese architect and civil engineer (b. 1834)
    • 1896 – John Berryman, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1825)
    • 1905 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (b. 1867)
    • 1907 – Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, American educator, co-founded Radcliffe College (b. 1822)
    • 1911 – Victor Surridge, English motorcycle racer (b. 1882)
    • 1912 – George Bonnor, Australian cricketer (b. 1855)
    • 1917 – Karl Allmenröder, German soldier and pilot (b. 1896)
    • 1919 – Peter Sturholdt, American boxer (b. 1885)
    • 1920 – Adolphe-Basile Routhier, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1839)
    • 1934 – Francesco Buhagiar, Maltese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876)
    • 1935 – Eugene Augustin Lauste, French-American inventor (b. 1857)
    • 1944 – Milan Hodža, Czech journalist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. 1878)
    • 1946 – Wanda Gág, American author and illustrator (b. 1893)
    • 1949 – Frank Smythe, English botanist and mountaineer (b. 1900)
    • 1950 – Milada Horáková, Czech politician, victim of judicial murder (b. 1901)
    • 1952 – Max Dehn, German-American mathematician and academic (b. 1878)
    • 1957 – Hermann Buhl, Austrian soldier and mountaineer (b. 1924)
    • 1960 – Lottie Dod, English tennis player, golfer, and archer (b. 1871)
    • 1962 – Paul Viiding, Estonian author, poet, and critic (b. 1904)
    • 1967 – Jaan Lattik, Estonian pastor and politician, 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (b. 1878)
    • 1970 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler and scholar (b. 1902)
    • 1975 – G.I. Taylor, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1886)
    • 1986 – George Nepia, New Zealand rugby player and referee (b. 1905)
    • 1987 – Billy Snedden, Australian lawyer and politician, 17th Attorney-General for Australia (b. 1926)
    • 1989 – A. J. Ayer, English philosopher and academic (b. 1910)
    • 1991 – Milton Subotsky, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1921)
    • 1996 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer (b. 1909)
    • 1998 – Gilles Rocheleau, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1935)
    • 1999 – Georgios Papadopoulos, Greek colonel and politician, 169th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Pierre Pflimlin, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
    • 2001 – Tove Jansson, Finnish author, illustrator, and painter (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Jack Lemmon, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 2001 – Joan Sims, English actress (b. 1930)
    • 2002 – John Entwistle, English singer-songwriter, bass guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)
    • 2002 – Robert L. J. Long, American admiral (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – David Newman, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
    • 2004 – George Patton IV, American general (b. 1923)
    • 2004 – Darrell Russell, American race car driver (b. 1968)
    • 2005 – Shelby Foote, American historian and author (b. 1917)
    • 2005 – Ray Holmes, English lieutenant and pilot (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – John T. Walton, American businessman, co-founded the Children’s Scholarship Fund (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Ángel Maturino Reséndiz, Mexican serial killer (b. 1959)
    • 2007 – William Hutt, Canadian actor (b. 1920)
    • 2008 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian field marshal (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – Gale Storm, American actress (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Corey Allen, American film and television actor, writer, director, and producer (b. 1934)
    • 2011 – Mike Doyle, English footballer (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Stan Cox, English runner (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – Rosemary Dobson, Australian poet and illustrator (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – Stefano Borgonovo, Italian footballer (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Ian Scott, English-New Zealand painter (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Edmond Blanchard, Canadian jurist and politician (b. 1954)
    • 2014 – Allen Grossman, American poet, critic, and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Leslie Manigat, Haitian educator and politician, 43rd President of Haiti (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Violet Milstead, Canadian World War II aviator and bush pilot (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Rachid Solh, Lebanese politician, 48th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Zvi Elpeleg, Polish-Israeli diplomat, author, and academic (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Knut Helle, Norwegian historian and professor (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Chris Squire, English musician (bass guitarist), singer and songwriter, member of the rock band Yes (b. 1948)
    • 2016 – Bud Spencer, Italian swimmer, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
    • 2017 – Peter L. Berger, Austrian sociologist (b. 1929)
    • 2018 – Joe Jackson, American manager, father of Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson (b. 1928)
    • 2018 – Liz Jackson, Australian journalist and former barrister (b. 1951)
    • 2018 – William McBridge, Australian obstetrician (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on June 27

    • Christian feast day:
      • Arialdo
      • Crescens, one of the Seventy disciples
      • Cyril of Alexandria (Coptic Church, Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion and Lutheran Church)
      • Ladislaus I of Hungary
      • Our Lady of Perpetual Help
      • Sampson the Hospitable
      • Zoilus
      • June 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Canadian Multiculturalism Day (Canada)
    • Commemoration Day for the Victims of the Communist Regime (Czech Republic)
    • Day of Turkmen Workers of Culture and Art (Turkmenistan)
    • Helen Keller Day (United States)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Djibouti from France in 1977.
    • Mixed Race Day (Brazil)
    • National HIV Testing Day (United States)
    • National PTSD Awareness Day (United States)
    • Seven Sleepers’ Day or Siebenschläfertag (Germany)
    • Unity Day (Tajikistan)