1677

  • July 23 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 811 – Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum’s treasury.
    • 1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a crushing victory over an Aydinid fleet off Chios.
    • 1632 – Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe, France.
    • 1677 – Scanian War: Denmark–Norway captures the harbor town of Marstrand from Sweden.
    • 1793 – Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
    • 1813 – Sir Thomas Maitland is appointed as the first Governor of Malta, transforming the island from a British protectorate to a de facto colony.
    • 1821 – While the Mora Rebellion continues, Greeks capture Monemvasia Castle. Turkish troops and citizens are transferred to Asia Minor’s coasts.
    • 1829 – In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the typographer, a precursor to the typewriter.
    • 1840 – The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Henry Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
    • 1874 – Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa, India.
    • 1881 – The Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina is signed in Buenos Aires.
    • 1885 – President Ulysses S. Grant dies of throat cancer.
    • 1903 – The Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
    • 1908 – The Second Constitution accepted by the Ottomans.
    • 1914 – Austria-Hungary issues a series of demands in an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia demanding Serbia to allow the Austrians to determine who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Serbia accepts all but one of those demands and Austria declares war on July 28.
    • 1919 – Prince Regent Aleksander Karađorđević signs the decree establishing the University of Ljubljana
    • 1921 – The Communist Party of China (CPC) is established at the founding National Congress.
    • 1926 – Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
    • 1927 – The first station of the Indian Broadcasting Company goes on the air in Bombay.
    • 1936 – In Catalonia, Spain, the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of Socialist and Communist parties.
    • 1940 – The United States’ Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles issues a declaration on the U.S. non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
    • 1942 – World War II: The German offensives Operation Edelweiss and Operation Braunschweig begin.
    • 1942 – Bulgarian poet and Communist leader Nikola Vaptsarov is executed by firing squad.
    • 1943 – The Rayleigh bath chair murder occurred in Rayleigh, Essex, England.
    • 1943 – World War II: The British destroyers HMS Eclipse and HMS Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
    • 1945 – The post-war legal processes against Philippe Pétain begin.
    • 1952 – General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real power behind the coup) in overthrowing King Farouk of Egypt.
    • 1961 – The Sandinista National Liberation Front is founded in Nicaragua.
    • 1962 – Telstar relays the first publicly transmitted, live trans-Atlantic television program, featuring Walter Cronkite.
    • 1962 – The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos is signed.
    • 1962 – Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to be inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.
    • 1967 – Detroit Riots: In Detroit, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city. It ultimately kills 43 people, injures 342 and burns about 1,400 buildings.
    • 1968 – Glenville shootout: In Cleveland, Ohio, a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization and the Cleveland Police Department occurs. During the shootout, a riot begins and lasts for five days.
    • 1968 – The only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft takes place when a Boeing 707 carrying ten crew and 38 passengers is taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. The aircraft was en route from Rome, to Lod, Israel.
    • 1970 – Qaboos bin Said al Said becomes Sultan of Oman after overthrowing his father, Said bin Taimur initiating massive reforms, modernization programs and end to a decade long civil war.
    • 1972 – The United States launches Landsat 1, the first Earth-resources satellite.
    • 1974 – The Greek military junta collapses, and former Prime Minister Konstantinos Karamanlis is invited to lead the new government, beginning Greece’s metapolitefsi era.
    • 1980 – Phạm Tuân becomes the first Vietnamese citizen and the first Asian in space when he flies aboard the Soyuz 37 mission as an Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut.
    • 1982 – Outside Santa Clarita, California, actor Vic Morrow and two children are killed when a helicopter crashes onto them while shooting a scene from Twilight Zone: The Movie.
    • 1983 – Thirteen Sri Lanka Army soldiers are killed after a deadly ambush by the militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
    • 1983 – Gimli Glider: Air Canada Flight 143 runs out of fuel and makes a deadstick landing at Gimli, Manitoba.
    • 1988 – General Ne Win, effective ruler of Burma since 1962, resigns after pro-democracy protests.
    • 1992 – A Vatican commission, led by Joseph Ratzinger, establishes that limiting certain rights of homosexual people and non-married couples is not equivalent to discrimination on grounds of race or gender.
    • 1992 – Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia.
    • 1995 – Comet Hale–Bopp is discovered; it becomes visible to the naked eye on Earth nearly a year later.
    • 1997 – Digital Equipment Corporation files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
    • 1999 – ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo, Japan by Yuji Nishizawa.
    • 1999 – Space Shuttle Columbia launches on STS-93, with Eileen Collins becoming the first female space shuttle commander. The shuttle also carried and deployed the Chandra X-ray Observatory.
    • 2005 – Three bombs explode in the Naama Bay area of Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
    • 2014 – TransAsia Airways Flight 222 crashes in Xixi village near Huxi, Penghu, during approach to Phengu Airport. 48 of the 58 people on board are killed and five more people on the ground are injured.
    • 2015 – NASA announces discovery of Kepler-452b by Kepler.
    • 2016 – Kabul twin bombing occurred in the vicinity of Deh Mazang when protesters, mostly from the Shiite Hazara minority, were marching against route changing of the TUTAP power project. At least 80 people were killed and 260 were injured.
    • 2018 – A wildfire in East Attica, Greece caused the death of 102 people. It was the deadliest wildfire in history of Greece and the second-deadliest in the world, in the 21st century, after the 2009 bushfires in Australia that killed 180.

    Births on July 23

    • 1301 – Otto, Duke of Austria (d. 1339)
    • 1339 – Louis I, Duke of Anjou (d. 1384)
    • 1370 – Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder, humanist (d. 1444 or 1445)
    • 1401 – Francesco I Sforza, Italian husband of Bianca Maria Visconti (d. 1466)
    • 1441 – Danjong of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1457)
    • 1503 – Anne of Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1547)
    • 1614 – Bonaventura Peeters the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1652)
    • 1635 – Adam Dollard des Ormeaux, New France garrison commander (d. 1660)
    • 1649 – Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
    • 1705 – Francis Blomefield, English historian and author (d. 1752)
    • 1713 – Luís António Verney, Portuguese philosopher and pedagogue (d. 1792)
    • 1773 – Thomas Brisbane, Scottish general and politician, 6th Governor of New South Wales (d. 1860)
    • 1775 – Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1812)
    • 1777 – Philipp Otto Runge, German painter and illustrator (d. 1810)
    • 1796 – Franz Berwald, Swedish surgeon and composer (d. 1868)
    • 1802 – Manuel María Lombardini, Mexican general and president (1853) (d. 1853)
    • 1823 – Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian archbishop and missionary (d. 1894)
    • 1838 – Édouard Colonne, French violinist and conductor (d. 1910)
    • 1851 – Peder Severin Krøyer, Norwegian-Danish painter (d. 1909)
    • 1856 – Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian lawyer and journalist (d. 1920)
    • 1864 – Apolinario Mabini, Filipino lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Philippines (d. 1903)
    • 1865 – Henry Norris, English businessman and politician (d. 1934)
    • 1866 – Francesco Cilea, Italian composer and academic (d. 1950)
    • 1878 – James Thomas Milton Anderson, Canadian lawyer and politician, 5th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 1946)
    • 1882 – Kâzım Karabekir, Turkish general and politician, 5th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (b. 1948)
    • 1883 – Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, French-English field marshal and politician, Lord Lieutenant of the County of London (d. 1963)
    • 1884 – Emil Jannings, Swiss-German actor (d. 1950)
    • 1885 – Izaak Killam, Canadian financier and philanthropist (d. 1955)
    • 1885 – Georges V. Matchabelli, Georgian-American businessman, created Prince Matchabelli perfume (d. 1935)
    • 1886 – Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish historian and diplomat (d. 1978)
    • 1886 – Walter H. Schottky, Swiss-German physicist and engineer (d. 1976)
    • 1888 – Raymond Chandler, American crime novelist and screenwriter (d. 1959)
    • 1891 – Louis T. Wright, American surgeon and civil rights activist (d. 1952)
    • 1892 – Haile Selassie, Ethiopian emperor (d. 1975)
    • 1894 – Arthur Treacher, English-American actor and television personality (d. 1975)
    • 1895 – Aileen Pringle, American actress (d. 1989)
    • 1898 – Daniel Cosío Villegas, Mexican historian, economist (d. 1976)
    • 1898 – Bengt Djurberg, Swedish actor and singer (d. 1941)
    • 1898 – Red Dutton, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1987)
    • 1898 – Herman Kruusenberg, Estonian wrestler (d. 1970)
    • 1898 – Jacob Marschak, Ukrainian-American economist, journalist, and author (d. 1977)
    • 1899 – Gustav Heinemann, German lawyer and politician, 3rd President of West Germany (d. 1976)
    • 1900 – Julia Davis Adams, American author and journalist (d. 1993)
    • 1900 – John Babcock, Canadian-American sergeant (d. 2010)
    • 1900 – Inger Margrethe Boberg, Danish folklore researcher and writer (d. 1957)
    • 1901 – Hank Worden, American actor and singer (d. 1992)
    • 1901 – Isabel Luberza Oppenheimer, Puerto Rican brothel owner and madam in barrio Maragüez, Ponce, Puerto Rico (d. 1974)
    • 1905 – Leopold Engleitner, Austrian author and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1906 – Vladimir Prelog, Croatian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
    • 1906 – Chandra Shekhar Azad, Indian activist (d. 1931)
    • 1912 – M. H. Abrams, American author, critic, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1912 – Michael Wilding, English actor (d. 1979)
    • 1913 – Michael Foot, English journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Employment (d. 2010)
    • 1914 – Nassos Daphnis, Greek-American painter (d.2010)
    • 1914 – Virgil Finlay, American illustrator (d. 1971)
    • 1914 – Elly Annie Schneider, German-American actress (d. 2004)
    • 1916 – Laurel Martyn, Australian ballerina and choreographer (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Abraham Bueno de Mesquita, Dutch comedian and actor (d. 2005)
    • 1918 – Ruth Duccini, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Pee Wee Reese, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1999)
    • 1921 – Calvert DeForest, American actor (d. 2007)
    • 1922 – Damiano Damiani, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (d. 2004)
    • 1923 – Luis Aloma, Cuban-American baseball player (d. 1997)
    • 1923 – Morris Halle, Latvian-American linguist and academic (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Amalia Mendoza, Mexican singer and actress (d. 2001)
    • 1924 – Gavin Lambert, English-American screenwriter and author (d. 2005)
    • 1924 – Gazanfer Bilge, Turkish wrestler (d. 2008)
    • 1925 – Tajuddin Ahmad, Bangladeshi politician, 1st Prime Minister of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
    • 1925 – Quett Masire, Botswana politician, the former Vice-President of Botswana (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Alain Decaux, French historian and author (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Gloria DeHaven, American actress and singer (d. 2016)
    • 1926 – Ludvík Vaculík, Czech journalist and author (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Gérard Brach, French director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1928 – Leon Fleisher, American pianist and conductor
    • 1928 – Vera Rubin, American astronomer and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1928 – Hubert Selby, Jr., American author and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1929 – Danny Barcelona, American drummer (d. 2007)
    • 1929 – Lateef Jakande, Nigerian journalist and politician, 5th Governor of Lagos State
    • 1931 – Te Atairangikaahu, Māori queen (d. 2006)
    • 1931 – Claude Fournier, Canadian director, screenwriter, and cinematographer
    • 1931 – Guy Fournier, Canadian author and screenwriter
    • 1933 – Raimund Abraham, Austrian architect, designed the Austrian Cultural Forum (d. 2010)
    • 1933 – Bert Convy, American actor, singer, and game show host (d. 1991)
    • 1933 – Benedict Groeschel, American priest, psychologist, and talk show host (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – Richard Rogers, Italian-English architect, designed the Millennium Dome and Lloyd’s building
    • 1935 – Jim Hall, American race car driver
    • 1936 – Don Drysdale, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1993)
    • 1936 – Anthony Kennedy, American lawyer and jurist
    • 1937 – Dave Webster, American football player and engineer
    • 1938 – Juliet Anderson, American porn actress and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Ronny Cox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1938 – Charles Harrelson, American murderer (d. 2007)
    • 1938 – Bert Newton, Australian actor and television host
    • 1940 – Danielle Collobert, French author, poet, and journalist (d. 1978)
    • 1940 – Don Imus, American radio host (d. 2019)
    • 1940 – Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finance (d. 2010)
    • 1941 – Christopher Andrew, English historian and academic
    • 1941 – Richie Evans, American race car driver (d. 1985)
    • 1941 – Sergio Mattarella, Italian lawyer, judge, and politician, 12th President of Italy
    • 1942 – Sallyanne Atkinson, Australian journalist and politician, Lord Mayor of Brisbane
    • 1942 – Madeline Bell, American singer-songwriter
    • 1942 – Richard E. Dauch, American businessman, co-founded American Axle (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Dimitris Liantinis, Greek philosopher and author (d. 1998)
    • 1943 – Randall Forsberg, American scientist (d. 2007)
    • 1943 – Tony Joe White, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
    • 1944 – Dino Danelli, American drummer
    • 1944 – Maria João Pires, Portuguese pianist
    • 1945 – Edward Gregson, English composer and educator
    • 1945 – Jon Sammels, English footballer
    • 1946 – Andy Mackay, English oboe player and composer
    • 1946 – René Ricard, American poet, painter, and critic (d. 2014)
    • 1947 – Gardner Dozois, American journalist and author (d. 2018)
    • 1947 – David Essex, English singer-songwriter, and actor
    • 1947 – Torsten Palm, Swedish race car driver
    • 1947 – Robin Simon, English historian, critic, and academic
    • 1948 – Ross Cranston, Australian-English lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales
    • 1948 – John Cushnahan, Northern Irish educator and politician
    • 1948 – John Hall, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and politician
    • 1948 – Stanisław Targosz, Polish general (d. 2013)
    • 1949 – Clive Rice, South African cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1950 – Alex Kozinski, Romanian-born American lawyer and judge
    • 1950 – Ian Thomas, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1950 – Blair Thornton, Canadian guitarist and songwriter
    • 1950 – Alan Turner, Australian cricketer
    • 1952 – Paul Hibbert, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 2008)
    • 1952 – Bill Nyrop, American ice hockey player and coach (d. 1995)
    • 1952 – John Rutsey, Canadian drummer (d. 2008)
    • 1952 – Janis Siegel, American jazz singer (The Manhattan Transfer)
    • 1953 – Graham Gooch, English cricketer and coach
    • 1953 – Najib Razak, Malaysian politician, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia
    • 1957 – Jo Brand, English comedian, actress, and screenwriter
    • 1957 – Nikos Galis, American basketball player
    • 1957 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1957 – Quentin Willson, English TV presenter, Top Gear.
    • 1958 – Ken Green, American golfer
    • 1958 – Tomy Winata, Indonesian businessman and philanthropist, founded the Artha Graha Peduli Foundation
    • 1959 – Nancy Savoca, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Gary Ella, Australian rugby player
    • 1960 – Susan Graham, American soprano and educator
    • 1960 – Al Perez, American wrestler
    • 1961 – André Ducharme, Canadian comedian and author
    • 1961 – Michael Durant, American pilot and author
    • 1961 – Martin Gore, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1961 – Woody Harrelson, American actor and activist
    • 1961 – Milind Gunaji, Indian actor, model, television show host, and author
    • 1962 – Eriq La Salle, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1962 – Mark Laurie, Australian rugby league player
    • 1962 – Alain Lefèvre, Canadian pianist and composer
    • 1963 – Slobodan Zivojinovic, Serbian tennis player
    • 1964 – Uwe Barth, German politician
    • 1964 – Nick Menza, German drummer and songwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1965 – Rob Dickinson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Slash, English-American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1967 – Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1968 – Elden Campbell, American basketball player
    • 1968 – Gary Payton, American basketball player and actor
    • 1968 – Stephanie Seymour, American model and actress
    • 1969 – Andrew Cassels, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1970 – Charisma Carpenter, American actress
    • 1970 – Thea Dorn, German author and playwright
    • 1970 – Sam Watters, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1971 – Dalvin DeGrate, American rapper and producer
    • 1971 – Alison Krauss, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
    • 1971 – Joel Stein, American journalist
    • 1972 – Suat Kılıç, Turkish journalist, lawyer, and politician, Turkish Minister of Youth and Sports
    • 1972 – Floyd Reifer, Barbadian cricketer and coach
    • 1972 – Marlon Wayans, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1973 – Nomar Garciaparra, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Fran Healy, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1973 – Himesh Reshammiya, Indian singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
    • 1973 – Andrea Scanavacca, Italian rugby player and manager
    • 1974 – Terry Glenn, American football player and coach (d. 2017)
    • 1974 – Maurice Greene, American sprinter
    • 1974 – Rik Verbrugghe, Belgian cyclist
    • 1975 – Dan Rogerson, English politician
    • 1976 – Judit Polgár, Hungarian chess player
    • 1977 – Scott Clemmensen, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1977 – Gail Emms, English badminton player
    • 1977 – Néicer Reasco, Ecuadorian footballer
    • 1977 – Shawn Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer
    • 1978 – Stefanie Sun, Singaporean singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1978 – Lauren Groff, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1979 – Perro Aguayo Jr., Mexican wrestler and promoter (d. 2015)
    • 1979 – Sotirios Kyrgiakos, Greek footballer
    • 1979 – Richard Sims, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1979 – Ricardo Sperafico, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1979 – Cathleen Tschirch, German sprinter
    • 1980 – Sandeep Parikh, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1980 – Michelle Williams, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1981 – Steve Jocz, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, and director
    • 1981 – Dmitriy Karpov, Kazakhstani decathlete
    • 1981 – Aleksandr Kulik, Estonian footballer
    • 1981 – Jarkko Nieminen, Finnish tennis player
    • 1982 – Ömer Aysan Barış, Turkish footballer
    • 1982 – Joe Mather, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Gökhan Ünal, Turkish footballer
    • 1982 – Gerald Wallace, American basketball player
    • 1982 – Paul Wesley, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1983 – Bec Hewitt, Australian actress
    • 1983 – Aaron Peirsol, American swimmer
    • 1983 – David Strettle, English rugby player
    • 1984 – Walter Gargano, Uruguayan footballer
    • 1984 – Matthew Murphy, English singer and guitarist
    • 1984 – Brandon Roy, American basketball player
    • 1984 – Celeste Thorson, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1985 – Luis Ángel Landín, Mexican footballer
    • 1986 – Aya Uchida, Japanese voice actress and singer
    • 1986 – Nelson Philippe, French race car driver
    • 1986 – Yelena Sokolova, Russian long jumper
    • 1987 – Alessio Cerci, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Felipe Dylon, Brazilian singer
    • 1987 – Serdar Kurtuluş, Turkish footballer
    • 1989 – Daniel Radcliffe, English actor
    • 1989 – Donald Young, American tennis player
    • 1990 – Kevin Reynolds, Canadian figure skater
    • 1991 – Lauren Mitchell, Australian gymnast
    • 1991 – Jarrod Wallace, Australian rugby league footballer
    • 1992 – Danny Ings, English footballer
    • 1996 – Alexandra Andresen, Norwegian heiress and equestrian

    Deaths on July 23

    • 955 – He Ning, Chinese chancellor (b. 898)
    • 997 – Nuh II, Samanid emir (b. 963)
    • 1100 – Warner of Grez, French nobleman, relative of Godfrey of Bouillon
    • 1227 – Qiu Chuji, Chinese religious leader, founded the Dragon Gate Taoism (b. 1148)
    • 1298 – Thoros III, Armenian king (b. c. 1271)
    • 1373 – Bridget of Sweden, Swedish mystic and saint, founded the Bridgettine Order (b. 1303)
    • 1403 – Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester, English rebel (b. 1343)
    • 1531 – Louis de Brézé, French husband of Diane de Poitiers
    • 1536 – Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1519)
    • 1562 – Götz von Berlichingen, German knight and poet (b. 1480)
    • 1584 – John Day, English printer (b. 1522)
    • 1596 – Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon (b. 1526)
    • 1645 – Michael I, Russian tsar (b. 1596)
    • 1692 – Gilles Ménage, French lawyer, philologist, and scholar (b. 1613)
    • 1727 – Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, English politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1661)
    • 1757 – Domenico Scarlatti, Italian harpsichord player and composer (b. 1685)
    • 1773 – George Edwards, English biologist and ornithologist (b. 1693)
    • 1781 – John Joachim Zubly, Swiss-American pastor and politician (b. 1724)
    • 1793 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (b. 1721)
    • 1833 – Anselmo de la Cruz, Chilean politician, Chilean Minister of Finance (b. 1777)
    • 1853 – Andries Pretorius, South African general (b. 1798)
    • 1875 – Isaac Singer, American businessman, founded the Singer Corporation (b. 1811)
    • 1878 – Carl von Rokitansky, Bohemian physician, pathologist, and politician (b. 1804)
    • 1885 – Ulysses S. Grant, American general and politician, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)
    • 1904 – John Douglas, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Queensland (b. 1828)
    • 1909 – Frederick Holder, Australian politician, 19th Premier of South Australia (b. 1850)
    • 1916 – William Ramsay, Scottish-English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
    • 1919 – Spyridon Lambros, Greek historian and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1851)
    • 1920 – Conrad Kohrs, German-American rancher and politician (b. 1835)
    • 1924 – Frank Frost Abbott, American author and scholar (b. 1850)
    • 1926 – Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
    • 1927 – Reginald Dyer, British brigadier general (b. 1864)
    • 1930 – Glenn Curtiss, American pilot and engineer (b. 1878)
    • 1932 – Tenby Davies, Welsh runner (b. 1884)
    • 1936 – Anna Abrikosova, Russian linguist (b. 1882)
    • 1941 – George Lyman Kittredge, American scholar and educator (b. 1860)
    • 1941 – José Quiñones Gonzales, Peruvian soldier and pilot (b. 1914)
    • 1942 – Adam Czerniaków, Polish engineer and politician (b. 1880)
    • 1942 – Andy Ducat, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1886)
    • 1948 – D. W. Griffith, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1875)
    • 1950 – Shigenori Tōgō, Japanese politician and diplomat, Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1882)
    • 1951 – Robert J. Flaherty, American director and producer (b. 1884)
    • 1951 – Philippe Pétain, French general and politician, 119th Prime Minister of France (b. 1856)
    • 1954 – Herman Groman, American runner (b. 1882)
    • 1955 – Cordell Hull, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 47th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
    • 1957 – Bob Shiring, American football player and coach (b. 1870)
    • 1966 – Montgomery Clift, American actor (b. 1920)
    • 1968 – Henry Hallett Dale, English pharmacologist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
    • 1971 – Van Heflin, American actor (b. 1910)
    • 1972 – Esther Applin, American geologist and paleontologist (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Eddie Rickenbacker, American pilot and race car driver, founded Rickenbacker Motors (b. 1890)
    • 1979 – Joseph Kessel, French journalist and author (b. 1898)
    • 1980 – Sarto Fournier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 38th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1908)
    • 1980 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (b. 1948)
    • 1980 – Mollie Steimer, Russian activist (b. 1897)
    • 1982 – Vic Morrow, American actor (b. 1929)
    • 1983 – Georges Auric, French composer (b. 1899)
    • 1985 – Johnny Wardle, English cricketer and manager (b. 1923)
    • 1989 – Donald Barthelme, American short story writer and novelist (b. 1931)
    • 1990 – Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese engineer (b. 1899)
    • 1996 – Jean Muir, American actress (b. 1911)
    • 1997 – Chūhei Nambu, Japanese jumper and journalist (b. 1904)
    • 1999 – Hassan II of Morocco (b. 1929)
    • 2001 – Eudora Welty, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1909)
    • 2002 – Leo McKern, Australian-English actor (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – William Luther Pierce, American activist and author (b. 1933)
    • 2002 – Chaim Potok, American novelist and rabbi (b. 1929)
    • 2002 – Clark Gesner, American author and composer (b. 1938)
    • 2003 – James E. Davis, American police officer and politician (b. 1962)
    • 2004 – Mehmood Ali, Indian actor, director, and producer (b. 1932)
    • 2004 – Carlos Paredes, Portuguese guitarist and composer (b. 1925)
    • 2004 – Piero Piccioni, Italian pianist, conductor, and composer (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – Ted Greene, American guitarist and journalist (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Jean-Paul Desbiens, Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2007 – Ron Miller, American songwriter and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2007 – Mohammed Zahir Shah, Afghan king (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Kurt Furgler, Swiss lawyer and politician, 70th President of the Swiss Confederation (b. 1924)
    • 2009 – E. Lynn Harris, American author and screenwriter (b. 1955)
    • 2010 – Daniel Schorr, American journalist and author (b. 1916)
    • 2011 – Amy Winehouse, English singer-songwriter (b. 1983)
    • 2012 – Margaret Mahy, New Zealand author (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – Sally Ride, American physicist and astronaut (b. 1951)
    • 2012 – Lakshmi Sahgal, Indian soldier and politician (b. 1914)
    • 2012 – Esther Tusquets, Spanish publisher and author (b. 1936)
    • 2012 – José Luis Uribarri, Spanish television host and director (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Dominguinhos, Brazilian singer-songwriter and accordion player (b. 1941)
    • 2013 – Pauline Clarke, English author (b. 1921)
    • 2013 – Arthur J. Collingsworth, American diplomat (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Emile Griffith, American boxer and trainer (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Kim Jong-hak, South Korean director and producer (b. 1951)
    • 2013 – Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Dora Bryan, English actress and restaurateur (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Norman Leyden, American composer and conductor (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Ariano Suassuna, Brazilian author and playwright (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Jordan Tabor, English footballer (b. 1990)
    • 2015 – Shigeko Kubota, Japanese-American sculptor and director (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Don Oberdorfer, American journalist, author, and academic (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – William Wakefield Baum, American cardinal (b. 1926)
    • 2017 – John Kundla, American basketball coach (b. 1916)

    Holidays and observances on July 23

    • Birthday of Haile Selassie (Rastafari)
    • Children’s Day (Indonesia)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Bridget of Sweden
      • Heiromartyr Phocas (Eastern Orthodox)
      • John Cassian (Western Christianity)
      • Liborius of Le Mans
      • Margarita María
      • Mercè Prat i Prat
      • Rasyphus and Ravennus
      • July 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • National Remembrance Day (Papua New Guinea)
    • Renaissance Day (Oman)
    • Revolution Day (Egypt)

  • July 13 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 587 BC – Babylon’s siege of Jerusalem ends following the destruction of Solomon’s Temple.
    • 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
    • 1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
    • 1260 – The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
    • 1558 – Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
    • 1573 – Eighty Years’ War: The Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.
    • 1643 – English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down: In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.
    • 1787 – The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.
    • 1793 – Journalist and French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat is assassinated in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday, a member of the opposing political faction.
    • 1794 – The Battle of Trippstadt is fought between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
    • 1814 – The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is established.
    • 1830 – The General Assembly’s Institution, now the Scottish Church College, one of the pioneering institutions that ushered the Bengali Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.
    • 1831 – Regulamentul Organic, a quasi-constitutional organic law is adopted in Wallachia, one of the two Danubian Principalities that were to become the basis of Romania.
    • 1854 – In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General José María Yáñez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
    • 1863 – New York City draft riots: In New York City, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.
    • 1878 – Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
    • 1919 – The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
    • 1941 – World War II: Montenegrins begin a popular uprising against the Axis powers (Trinaestojulski ustanak).
    • 1956 – The Dartmouth workshop is the first conference on artificial intelligence.
    • 1962 – In an unprecedented action, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan dismisses seven members of his Cabinet, marking the effective end of the National Liberals as a distinct force within British politics.
    • 1973 – Watergate scandal: Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of a secret Oval Office taping system to investigators for the Senate Watergate Committee.
    • 1977 – Somalia declares war on Ethiopia, starting the Ogaden War.
    • 1977 – New York City: Amidst a period of financial and social turmoil experiences an electrical blackout lasting nearly 24 hours that leads to widespread fires and looting.
    • 1985 – The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London and Philadelphia, as well as other venues such as Moscow and Sydney.
    • 1985 – Vice President George H. W. Bush becomes the Acting President for the day when President Ronald Reagan undergoes surgery to remove polyps from his colon.
    • 2003 – French DGSE personnel abort an operation to rescue Íngrid Betancourt from FARC rebels in Colombia, causing a political scandal when details are leaked to the press.
    • 2008 – Battle of Wanat begins when Taliban and al-Qaeda guerrillas attack US Army and Afghan National Army troops in Afghanistan. The U.S. deaths were, at that time, the most in a single battle since the beginning of operations in 2001.
    • 2011 – Mumbai is rocked by three bomb blasts during the evening rush hour, killing 26 and injuring 130.
    • 2011 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 1999 is adopted, which admits South Sudan to member status of the United Nations.
    • 2013 – Typhoon Soulik kills at least nine people and affects more than 160 million in East China and Taiwan.
    • 2016 – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom David Cameron resigns, and is succeeded by Theresa May.

    Births on July 13

    • 100 BC – Julius Caesar, Roman general and statesman (d. 44 BC)
    • 1426 – Anne Neville, Countess of Warwick (d. 1492)
    • 1478 – Giulio d’Este, illegitimate son of Italian noble (d. 1561)
    • 1470 – Francesco Armellini Pantalassi de’ Medici, Catholic cardinal (d. 1528)
    • 1527 – John Dee, English-Welsh mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer (d. 1609)
    • 1579 – Arthur Dee, English physician and chemist (d. 1651)
    • 1590 – Pope Clement X (d. 1676)
    • 1606 – Roland Fréart de Chambray (d. 1676)
    • 1607 – Wenceslaus Hollar, Czech-English painter and illustrator (d. 1677)
    • 1608 – Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1657)
    • 1745 – Robert Calder, Scottish-English admiral (d. 1818)
    • 1756 – Thomas Rowlandson, English artist and caricaturist (d. 1827)
    • 1760 – István Pauli, Hungarian-Slovene priest and poet (d. 1829)
    • 1770 – Alexander Balashov, Russian general and politician, Russian Minister of Police (d. 1837)
    • 1793 – John Clare, English poet and author (d. 1864)
    • 1821 – Nathan Bedford Forrest, American general and first Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan (d. 1877)
    • 1831 – Arthur Böttcher, German pathologist and anatomist (d. 1889)
    • 1841 – Otto Wagner, Austrian architect, designed the Austrian Postal Savings Bank and Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station (d. 1918)
    • 1858 – Stewart Culin, American ethnographer and author (d. 1929)
    • 1859 – Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield, English economist and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (d. 1947)
    • 1863 – Margaret Murray, British archaeologist, anthropologist, historian, and folklorist (d. 1963)
    • 1864 – John Jacob Astor IV, American colonel and businessman (d. 1912)
    • 1877 – Robert Henry Mathews, Australian linguist and missionary (d. 1970)
    • 1884 – Yrjö Saarela, Finnish wrestler and coach (d. 1951)
    • 1889 – Emma Asson, Estonian educator and politician (d. 1965)
    • 1889 – Stan Coveleski, American baseball player (d. 1984)
    • 1892 – Léo-Pol Morin, Canadian pianist, composer, and educator (d. 1941)
    • 1892 – Jonni Myyrä, Finnish-American discus and javelin thrower (d. 1955)
    • 1894 – Isaac Babel, Russian short story writer, journalist, and playwright (d. 1940)
    • 1895 – Sidney Blackmer, American actor (d. 1973)
    • 1896 – Mordecai Ardon, Israeli painter and educator (d. 1992)
    • 1898 – Julius Schreck, German commander (d. 1936)
    • 1898 – Ivan Triesault, Estonian-born American actor (d. 1980)
    • 1900 – George Lewis, American clarinet player and songwriter (d. 1969)
    • 1901 – Eric Portman, English actor (d. 1969)
    • 1903 – Kenneth Clark, English historian and author (d. 1983)
    • 1905 – Alfredo M. Santos, Filipino general (d. 1990)
    • 1905 – Eugenio Pagnini, Italian modern pentathlete (d. 1993)
    • 1905 – Magda Foy, American child actress (d. 2000)
    • 1907 – George Weller, American author, playwright, and journalist (d. 2002)
    • 1908 – Dorothy Round, English tennis player (d. 1982)
    • 1908 – Tim Spencer, American country & western singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1974)
    • 1910 – Lien Gisolf, Dutch high jumper (d. 1993)
    • 1910 – Loren Pope, American journalist and author (d. 2008)
    • 1911 – Bob Steele (broadcaster), American radio personality (d. 2002)
    • 1913 – Dave Garroway, American journalist and television personality (d. 1982)
    • 1913 – Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, Danish businessman (d. 2012)
    • 1913 – Kay Linaker, American actress and screenwriter (d. 2008)
    • 1915 – Kaoru Ishikawa, Japanese author and educator (d. 1989)
    • 1918 – Alberto Ascari, Italian race car driver (d. 1955)
    • 1918 – Ronald Bladen, American painter and sculptor (d. 1988)
    • 1918 – Marcia Brown, American author and illustrator (d. 2015)
    • 1919 – Hau Pei-tsun, 13th Premier of the Republic of China (d. 2020)
    • 1919 – William F. Quinn, American lawyer (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Ernest Gold, Austrian-American composer and conductor (d. 1999)
    • 1922 – Leslie Brooks, American actress (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Anker Jørgensen, Danish trade union leader and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – Helmy Afify Abd El-Bar, Egyptian military commander (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Ken Mosdell, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Ashley Bryan, American children’s book author and illustrator
    • 1924 – Johnny Gilbert, American game show host and announcer
    • 1925 – Suzanne Zimmerman, American competition swimmer and Olympic medalist
    • 1925 – Huang Zongying, Chinese actress and writer
    • 1926 – Robert H. Justman, American director, producer, and production manager (d. 2008)
    • 1926 – T. Loren Christianson, American politician (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Thomas Clark, American politician (d. 2020)
    • 1927 – Simone Veil, French lawyer and politician, President of the European Parliament (d. 2017)
    • 1927 – Ian Reed, Australian discus thrower
    • 1928 – Bob Crane, American actor (d. 1978)
    • 1928 – Sven Davidson, Swedish-American tennis player (d. 2008)
    • 1928 – Al Rex, American musician (d. 2020)
    • 1929 – Sofia Muratova, Russian gymnast (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Svein Ellingsen, Norwegian visual artist and hymnist (d. 2020)
    • 1930 – Sam Greenlee, American author and poet (d. 2014)
    • 1930 – Naomi Shemer, Israeli singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1931 – Frank Ramsey, American basketball player and coach (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Hubert Reeves, Canadian-French astrophysicist and author
    • 1933 – David Storey, English author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – Piero Manzoni, Italian artist (d. 1963)
    • 1934 – Peter Gzowski, Canadian journalist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1934 – Gordon Lee, English footballer and manager
    • 1934 – Wole Soyinka, Nigerian author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1934 – Aleksei Yeliseyev, Russian engineer and astronaut
    • 1935 – Jack Kemp, American football player and politician, 9th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (d. 2009)
    • 1935 – Earl Lovelace, Trinidadian journalist, author, and playwright
    • 1935 – Kurt Westergaard, Danish cartoonist
    • 1936 – Albert Ayler, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1970)
    • 1937 – Ghillean Prance, English botanist and ecologist
    • 1939 – Lambert Jackson Woodburne, South African admiral (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Tom Lichtenberg, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Paul Prudhomme, American chef and author (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Patrick Stewart, English actor, director, and producer
    • 1941 – Grahame Corling, Australian cricketer
    • 1941 – Robert Forster, American actor and producer (d. 2019)
    • 1941 – Ehud Manor, Israeli songwriter and translator (d. 2005)
    • 1941 – Jacques Perrin, French actor, director, and producer
    • 1942 – Harrison Ford, American actor and producer
    • 1942 – Roger McGuinn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1943 – Chris Serle, English journalist and actor
    • 1944 – Eric Freeman, Australian cricketer
    • 1944 – Cyril Knowles, English footballer and manager (d. 1991)
    • 1944 – Erno Rubik, Hungarian game designer, architect, and educator, invented the Rubik’s Cube
    • 1945 – Ashley Mallett, Australian cricketer and author
    • 1946 – Bob Kauffman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1946 – Cheech Marin, American actor and comedian
    • 1948 – Catherine Breillat, French director and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Bryan Murray, Irish actor
    • 1950 – George Nelson, American astronomer and astronaut
    • 1950 – Ma Ying-jeou, Hong Kong-Taiwanese commander and politician, 12th President of the Republic of China
    • 1950 – Jurelang Zedkaia, Marshallese politician, 5th President of the Marshall Islands (d. 2015)
    • 1951 – Rob Bishop, American educator and politician
    • 1951 – Didi Conn, American actress and singer
    • 1953 – David Thompson, American basketball player
    • 1954 – Ray Bright, Australian cricketer
    • 1954 – Louise Mandrell, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1956 – Mark Mendoza, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1956 – Michael Spinks, American boxer
    • 1957 – Thierry Boutsen, Belgian race car driver and businessman
    • 1957 – Cameron Crowe, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1959 – Richard Leman, English field hockey player
    • 1959 – Fuziah Salleh, Malaysian politician
    • 1960 – Robert Abraham, American football player
    • 1960 – Ian Hislop, Welsh-English journalist and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Curtis Rouse, American football player (d. 2013)
    • 1961 – Tahira Asif, Pakistani politician (d. 2014)
    • 1961 – Anders Jarryd, Swedish tennis player
    • 1961 – Khalid Mahmood, Pakistani-English engineer and politician
    • 1961 – Stelios Manolas, Greek footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Tim Watson, Australian footballer, coach, and journalist
    • 1962 – Tom Kenny, American voice actor and screenwriter
    • 1962 – Rhonda Vincent, American singer-songwriter and mandolin player
    • 1963 – Neal Foulds, English snooker player and sportscaster
    • 1963 – Kenny Johnson, American actor, producer, and model
    • 1964 – Charlie Hides, American drag queen and comedian
    • 1964 – Paul Thorn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Eileen Ivers, American fiddler
    • 1965 – Colin van der Voort, Australian rugby league player
    • 1966 – Gerald Levert, American R&B singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (d. 2006)
    • 1966 – Natalia Luis-Bassa, Venezuelan-English conductor and educator
    • 1967 – Richard Marles, Australian lawyer and politician, 50th Australian Minister for Trade and Investment
    • 1967 – Mark McGowan, Australian politician, 30th Premier of Western Australia
    • 1969 – Brad Godden, Australian rugby league player
    • 1969 – Ken Jeong, American actor, comedian, and physician
    • 1969 – Oleg Serebrian, Moldovan political scientist and politician
    • 1970 – Andrei Tivontchik, German pole vaulter and trainer
    • 1971 – Mark Neeld, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1972 – Sean Waltman, American professional wrestler
    • 1974 – Deborah Cox, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1974 – Jarno Trulli, Italian race car driver
    • 1975 – Diego Spotorno, Ecuadorian actor
    • 1975 – Mariada Pieridi, Cypriot singer-songwriter
    • 1976 – Sheldon Souray, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Chris Horn, American football player
    • 1978 – Ryan Ludwick, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Prodromos Nikolaidis, Greek basketball player
    • 1979 – Craig Bellamy, Welsh footballer
    • 1979 – Daniel Díaz, Argentinian footballer
    • 1979 – Libuše Průšová, Czech tennis player
    • 1979 – Lucinda Ruh, Swiss figure skater and coach
    • 1981 – Ágnes Kovács, Hungarian swimmer
    • 1981 – Mirco Lorenzetto, Italian cyclist
    • 1982 – Shin-Soo Choo, South Korean baseball player
    • 1982 – Simon Clist, English footballer
    • 1982 – Dominic Isaacs, South African footballer
    • 1982 – Nick Kenny, Australian rugby league player
    • 1982 – Yadier Molina, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
    • 1983 – Kristof Beyens, Belgian sprinter
    • 1983 – Marco Pomante, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Liu Xiang, Chinese hurdler
    • 1984 – Ida Maria, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1985 – Trell Kimmons, American sprinter
    • 1985 – Guillermo Ochoa, Mexican footballer
    • 1985 – Charlotte Dujardin, English equestrian
    • 1988 – Marcos Paulo Gelmini Gomes, Brazilian-Italian footballer
    • 1988 – Colton Haynes, American actor, model and singer
    • 1988 – Steven R. McQueen, American actor and model
    • 1988 – Raúl Spank, German high jumper
    • 1988 – Tulisa, English singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1989 – Leon Bridges, American soul singer, songwriter and record producer
    • 1989 – Charis Giannopoulos, Greek basketball player
    • 1990 – Kieran Foran, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1990 – Eduardo Salvio, Argentinian footballer
    • 1992 – Elise Matthysen, Belgian swimmer
    • 1993 – Daniel Bentley, English footballer
    • 1995 – Cody Bellinger, American baseball player
    • 1995 – Dante Exum, Australian basketball player
    • 2002 – Deborah Medrado, Brazilian rhythmic gymnast
    • 2003 – Wyatt Oleff, American child actor
    • 2005 – Kyle Harrison Breitkopf, Canadian child actor

    Deaths on July 13

    • 574 – John III, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 716 – Rui Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 662)
    • 815 – Wu Yuanheng, Chinese poet and politician (b. 758)
    • 884 – Huang Chao, Chinese rebel leader (b. 835)
    • 939 – Leo VII, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 982 – Gunther, margrave of Merseburg
    • 982 – Henry I, bishop of Augsburg
    • 982 – Pandulf II, Lombard prince
    • 982 – Landulf IV, Lombard prince
    • 982 – Abu’l-Qasim, Kalbid emir of Sicily
    • 1024 – Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 973)
    • 1105 – Rashi, French rabbi and commentator (b. 1040)
    • 1205 – Hubert Walter, English archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of The United Kingdom (b. 1160)
    • 1357 – Bartolus de Saxoferrato Italian academic and jurist (b. 1313)
    • 1380 – Bertrand du Guesclin, French nobleman and knight (b. 1320)
    • 1399 – Peter Parler, German architect, designed St. Vitus Cathedral and Charles Bridge (b. 1330)
    • 1399 – Jadwiga, queen of Poland (b. 1399)
    • 1402 – Jianwen, Chinese emperor (b. 1377)
    • 1491 – Afonso, Portuguese prince (b. 1475)
    • 1551 – John Wallop, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1490)
    • 1617 – Adam Wenceslaus, duke of Cieszyn (b. 1574)
    • 1621 – Albert VII, archduke of Austria (b. 1559)
    • 1626 – Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1563)
    • 1628 – Robert Shirley, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1581)
    • 1629 – Caspar Bartholin the Elder, Swedish physician and theologian (b. 1585)
    • 1683 – Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1631)
    • 1755 – Edward Braddock, Scottish general (b. 1695)
    • 1762 – James Bradley, English priest and astronomer (b. 1693)
    • 1789 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist and academic (b. 1715)
    • 1793 – Jean-Paul Marat, French physician and theorist (b. 1743)
    • 1807 – Henry Benedict Stuart, Italian cardinal (b. 1725)
    • 1881 – John C. Pemberton, American general (b. 1814)
    • 1889 – Robert Hamerling, Austrian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1830)
    • 1890 – John C. Frémont, American general and politician, 5th Territorial Governor of Arizona (b. 1813)
    • 1890 – Johann Voldemar Jannsen, Estonian journalist and poet (b. 1819)
    • 1893 – Young Man Afraid of His Horses, American tribal chief (b. 1836)
    • 1896 – August Kekulé, German chemist and academic (b. 1829)
    • 1907 – Henrik Sillem, Dutch target shooter and jurist (b. 1866)
    • 1911 – Allan McLean, Scottish-Australian politician, 19th Premier of Victoria (b. 1840)
    • 1921 – Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourger physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
    • 1922 – Martin Dies, Sr., American journalist and politician (b. 1870)
    • 1927 – Mimar Kemaleddin Bey, Turkish architect and academic, designed the Tayyare Apartments (b. 1870)
    • 1934 – Mary E. Byrd, American astronomer and academic (b. 1849)
    • 1936 – Kojo Tovalou Houénou, Beninese lawyer and politician (b. 1887)
    • 1941 – Ilmar Raud, Estonian chess player (b. 1913)
    • 1945 – Alla Nazimova, Russian-American actress, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1879)
    • 1946 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer and curator (b. 1864)
    • 1949 – Walt Kuhn, American painter and academic (b. 1877)
    • 1951 – Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian-American composer and painter (b. 1874)
    • 1954 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter and educator (b. 1907)
    • 1960 – Joy Davidman, American-English poet and author (b. 1915)
    • 1965 – Photis Kontoglou, Greek painter and illustrator (b. 1895)
    • 1967 – Tom Simpson, English cyclist (b. 1937)
    • 1970 – Leslie Groves, American general and engineer (b. 1896)
    • 1970 – Sheng Shicai, Chinese warlord (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Willy Fritsch, German actor and screenwriter (b. 1901)
    • 1974 – Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – Frederick Hawksworth, English engineer (b. 1884)
    • 1976 – Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (b. 1915)
    • 1979 – Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter and illustrator (b. 1913)
    • 1980 – Seretse Khama, Botswana lawyer and politician, 1st President of Botswana (b. 1921)
    • 1983 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian engineer and author (b. 1909)
    • 1993 – Davey Allison, American race car driver (b. 1961)
    • 1995 – Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, Danish businessman (b. 1920)
    • 1996 – Pandro S. Berman, American director, producer, and production manager (b. 1905)
    • 1997 – Miguel Ángel Blanco, Spanish politician (b. 1968)
    • 1999 – Konstantinos Kollias, Greek general and politician, 168th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1901)
    • 2000 – Jan Karski, Polish-American activist and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2003 – Compay Segundo, Cuban singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1907)
    • 2005 – Robert E. Ogren, American zoologist (b. 1922)
    • 2006 – Red Buttons, American actor (b. 1919)
    • 2007 – Michael Reardon, American mountaineer (b. 1965)
    • 2008 – Bronisław Geremek, Polish historian and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1932)
    • 2010 – Manohari Singh, Indian saxophonist and composer (b. 1931)
    • 2010 – George Steinbrenner, American businessman (b. 1930)
    • 2011 – Allan Jeans, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Warren Jabali, American basketball player (b. 1946)
    • 2012 – Jerzy Kulej, Polish boxer and politician (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – Richard D. Zanuck, American film producer (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Leonard Garment, American lawyer and public servant, 14th White House Counsel (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Henri Julien, French race car driver (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Cory Monteith, Canadian actor and singer (b. 1982)
    • 2013 – Ottavio Quattrocchi, Italian businessman (b. 1938)
    • 2013 – Vernon B. Romney, American lawyer and politician, 14th Attorney General of Utah (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Marc Simont, French-American author and illustrator (b. 1915)
    • 2014 – Thomas Berger, American author and playwright (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Alfred de Grazia, American political scientist, author, and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Nadine Gordimer, South African novelist, short story writer, and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Jeff Leiding, American football player (b. 1961)
    • 2014 – Lorin Maazel, French-American violinist, composer, and conductor (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – Philipp Mißfelder, German historian and politician (b. 1979)
    • 2015 – Martin Litchfield West, English scholar, author, and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2017 – Liu Xiaobo, Chinese literary critic, human rights activist (b. 1955)

    Holidays and observances on July 13

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abd-al-Masih
      • Abel of Tacla Haimonot (Coptic Church)
      • Clelia Barbieri
      • Conrad Weiser (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • Eugenius of Carthage
      • Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
      • Mildrith of Thanet
      • Rosa Mystica
      • Silas (Catholic Church)
      • Teresa of the Andes
      • July 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Feast of Kalimát, first day of the seventh month of the Bahá’í calendar. (Bahá’í Faith)
    • Statehood Day (Montenegro)
    • The last day of Naadam (Mongolia)
    • Kashmir Martyrs’ Day (Pakistan)

  • June 23 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu.
    • 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships.
    • 1280 – The Spanish Reconquista: In the Battle of Moclín the Emirate of Granada ambush a superior pursuing force, killing most of them in a military disaster for the Kingdom of Castile.
    • 1305 – A peace treaty between the Flemish and the French is signed at Athis-sur-Orge.
    • 1314 – First War of Scottish Independence: The Battle of Bannockburn (south of Stirling) begins.
    • 1532 – Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France sign the “Treaty of Closer Amity With France” (also known as the Pommeraye treaty), pledging mutual aid against Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1565 – Dragut, commander of the Ottoman navy, dies during the Great Siege of Malta.
    • 1594 – The Action of Faial, Azores. The Portuguese carrack Cinco Chagas, loaded with slaves and treasure, is attacked and sunk by English ships with only 13 survivors out of over 700 on board.
    • 1611 – The mutinous crew of Henry Hudson’s fourth voyage sets Henry, his son and seven loyal crew members adrift in an open boat in what is now Hudson Bay; they are never heard from again.
    • 1683 – William Penn signs a friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Indians in Pennsylvania.
    • 1713 – The French residents of Acadia are given one year to declare allegiance to Britain or leave Nova Scotia, Canada.
    • 1757 – Battle of Plassey: Three thousand British troops under Robert Clive defeat a 50,000-strong Indian army under Siraj ud-Daulah at Plassey.
    • 1758 – Seven Years’ War: Battle of Krefeld: British, Hanoverian, and Prussian forces defeat French troops at Krefeld in Germany.
    • 1760 – Seven Years’ War: Battle of Landeshut: Austria defeats Prussia.
    • 1780 – American Revolution: Battle of Springfield fought in and around Springfield, New Jersey (including Short Hills, formerly of Springfield, now of Millburn Township).
    • 1794 – Empress Catherine II of Russia grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev.
    • 1810 – John Jacob Astor forms the Pacific Fur Company.
    • 1812 – War of 1812: Great Britain revokes the restrictions on American commerce, thus eliminating one of the chief reasons for going to war.
    • 1860 – The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: At Fort Towson in the Oklahoma Territory, Confederate Brigadier General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant Confederate army.
    • 1868 – Christopher Latham Sholes received a patent for an invention he called the “Type-Writer”.
    • 1887 – The Rocky Mountains Park Act becomes law in Canada creating the nation’s first national park, Banff National Park.
    • 1894 – The International Olympic Committee is founded at the Sorbonne in Paris, at the initiative of Baron Pierre de Coubertin.
    • 1913 – Second Balkan War: The Greeks defeat the Bulgarians in the Battle of Doiran.
    • 1914 – Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes Zacatecas from Victoriano Huerta.
    • 1917 – In a game against the Washington Senators, Boston Red Sox pitcher Ernie Shore retires 26 batters in a row after replacing Babe Ruth, who had been ejected for punching the umpire.
    • 1919 – Estonian War of Independence: The decisive defeat of the Baltische Landeswehr in the Battle of Cēsis; this date is celebrated as Victory Day in Estonia.
    • 1926 – The College Board administers the first SAT exam.
    • 1931 – Wiley Post and Harold Gatty take off from Roosevelt Field, Long Island in an attempt to circumnavigate the world in a single-engine plane.
    • 1938 – The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
    • 1940 – Adolf Hitler goes on a three-hour tour of the architecture of Paris with architect Albert Speer and sculptor Arno Breker in his only visit to the city.
    • 1940 – Henry Larsen begins the first successful west-to-east navigation of Northwest Passage from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
    • 1941 – The Lithuanian Activist Front declares independence from the Soviet Union and forms the Provisional Government of Lithuania; it lasts only briefly as the Nazis will occupy Lithuania a few weeks later.
    • 1942 – World War II: Germany’s latest fighter aircraft, a Focke-Wulf Fw 190, is captured intact when it mistakenly lands at RAF Pembrey in Wales.
    • 1946 – The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake strikes Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.
    • 1947 – The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman’s veto of the Taft–Hartley Act.
    • 1951 – The ocean liner SS United States is christened and launched.
    • 1956 – The French National Assembly takes the first step in creating the French Community by passing the Loi Cadre, transferring a number of powers from Paris to elected territorial governments in French West Africa.
    • 1959 – Convicted Manhattan Project spy Klaus Fuchs is released after only nine years in prison and allowed to emigrate to Dresden, East Germany where he resumes a scientific career.
    • 1960 – The United States Food and Drug Administration declares Enovid to be the first officially approved combined oral contraceptive pill in the world.
    • 1961 – The Antarctic Treaty System, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and limits military activity on the continent, its islands and ice shelves, comes into force.
    • 1967 – Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey for the three-day Glassboro Summit Conference.
    • 1969 – Warren E. Burger is sworn in as Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court by retiring Chief Justice Earl Warren.
    • 1969 – IBM announces that effective January 1970 it will price its software and services separately from hardware thus creating the modern software industry.
    • 1972 – Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
    • 1972 – Title IX of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 is amended to prohibit sexual discrimination to any educational program receiving federal funds.
    • 1973 – A fire at a house in Hull, England, which kills a six-year-old boy is passed off as an accident; it later emerges as the first of 26 deaths by fire caused over the next seven years by serial arsonist Peter Dinsdale.
    • 1985 – A terrorist bomb explodes at Narita International Airport near Tokyo. An hour later, the same group detonates a second bomb aboard Air India Flight 182, bringing the Boeing 747 down off the coast of Ireland killing all 329 aboard.
    • 1994 – NASA’s Space Station Processing Facility, a new state-of-the-art manufacturing building for the International Space Station, officially opens at Kennedy Space Center.
    • 2001 – The 8.4 Mw  southern Peru earthquake shakes coastal Peru with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). A destructive tsunami followed, leaving at least 74 people dead, and 2,687 injured.
    • 2012 – Ashton Eaton breaks the decathlon world record at the United States Olympic Trials.
    • 2013 – Nik Wallenda becomes the first man to successfully walk across the Grand Canyon on a tight rope.
    • 2013 – Militants stormed a high-altitude mountaineering base camp near Nanga Parbat in Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan killing ten climbers, and a local guide.
    • 2014 – The last of Syria’s declared chemical weapons are shipped out for destruction.
    • 2016 – The United Kingdom votes in a referendum to leave the European Union, by 52% to 48%.
    • 2017 – A series of terrorist attacks took place in Pakistan resulting in 96 deaths and wounded 200 others.

    Births on June 23

    • 47 BC – Caesarion, Egyptian king (d. 30 BC)
    • 1385 – Stefan, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken (d. 1459)
    • 1433 – Francis II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1488)
    • 1456 – Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland (d. 1486)
    • 1489 – Charles II, Duke of Savoy, Italian nobleman (d. 1496)
    • 1534 – Oda Nobunaga, Japanese warlord (d. 1582)
    • 1596 – Johan Banér, Swedish field marshal (d. 1641)
    • 1616 – Shah Shuja, Mughal prince (d. 1661)
    • 1625 – John Fell, English churchman and influential academic (d. 1686)
    • 1668 – Giambattista Vico, Italian jurist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1744)
    • 1683 – Étienne Fourmont, French orientalist and sinologist (d. 1745)
    • 1711 – Giovanni Battista Guadagnini, Italian instrument maker (d. 1786)
    • 1716 – Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales (d. 1789)
    • 1750 – Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu, French geologist and academic (d. 1801)
    • 1763 – Joséphine de Beauharnais, French wife of Napoleon I (d. 1814)
    • 1799 – John Milton Bernhisel, American physician and politician (d. 1881)
    • 1800 – Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and activist (d. 1846)
    • 1824 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1910)
    • 1843 – Paul Heinrich von Groth, German scientist (d. 1927)
    • 1860 – Albert Giraud, Belgian poet and librarian (d. 1929)
    • 1863 – Sándor Bródy, Hungarian author and journalist (d. 1924)
    • 1877 – Norman Pritchard, Indian-English hurdler and actor (d. 1929)
    • 1879 – Huda Sha’arawi, Egyptian feminist and journalist (d. 1947)
    • 1884 – Cyclone Taylor, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (d. 1979)
    • 1888 – Bronson M. Cutting, American publisher and politician (d. 1935)
    • 1889 – Anna Akhmatova, Ukrainian-Russian poet and author (d. 1966)
    • 1889 – Verena Holmes, English engineer (d. 1964)
    • 1894 – Harold Barrowclough, New Zealand military leader, lawyer and Chief Justice (d. 1972)
    • 1894 – Alfred Kinsey, American entomologist and sexologist (d. 1956)
    • 1894 – Edward VIII, King of the United Kingdom (d. 1972)
    • 1899 – Amédée Gordini, Italian-born French race car driver and sports car manufacturer (d. 1979)
    • 1900 – Blanche Noyes, American aviator, winner of the 1936 Bendix Trophy Race (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Turkish author, poet, and scholar (d. 1962)
    • 1903 – Paul Martin Sr., Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1992)
    • 1904 – Quintin McMillan, South African cricketer (d. 1938)
    • 1905 – Jack Pickersgill, Canadian civil servant and politician, 35th Secretary of State for Canada (d. 1997)
    • 1906 – Tribhuvan of Nepal (d. 1955)
    • 1907 – Dercy Gonçalves, Brazilian actress and singer (d. 2008)
    • 1907 – James Meade, English economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
    • 1909 – David Lewis, Russian-Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1981)
    • 1909 – Georges Rouquier, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1989)
    • 1910 – Jean Anouilh, French playwright and screenwriter (d. 1987)
    • 1910 – Gordon B. Hinckley, American religious leader, 15th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 2008)
    • 1910 – Milt Hinton, American bassist and photographer (d. 2000)
    • 1910 – Bill King, English commander and author (d. 2012)
    • 1910 – Lawson Little, American golfer (d. 1968)
    • 1912 – Alan Turing, English mathematician and computer scientist (d. 1954)
    • 1913 – William P. Rogers, American commander, lawyer, and politician, 55th United States Secretary of State (d. 2001)
    • 1915 – Frances Gabe, American artist and inventor (d. 2016)
    • 1916 – Len Hutton, English cricketer and soldier (d. 1990)
    • 1916 – Irene Worth, American actress (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Al G. Wright, American bandleader and conductor
    • 1919 – Mohamed Boudiaf, Algerian politician, President of Algeria (d. 1992)
    • 1920 – Saleh Ajeery, Kuwaiti astronomer
    • 1921 – Paul Findley, American politician (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – Morris R. Jeppson, American lieutenant and physicist (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Hal Laycoe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1998)
    • 1923 – Peter Corr, Irish-English footballer and manager (d. 2001)
    • 1923 – Elroy Schwartz, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Doris Johnson, American politician
    • 1923 – Jerry Rullo, American professional basketball player (d. 2016)
    • 1923 – Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian communist and Partisan (d. 1945)
    • 1924 – Frank Bolle, American comic-strip artist, comic-book artist, and illustrator (d. 2020)
    • 1925 – Miriam Karlin, English actress (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Art Modell, American businessman (d. 2012)
    • 1925 – Anna Chennault, Chinese widow of Lieutenant General Claire Lee Chennault (d. 2018)
    • 1926 – Lawson Soulsby, Baron Soulsby of Swaffham Prior, English microbiologist and parasitologist (d. 2017)
    • 1926 – Magda Herzberger, Romanian author, poet and composer, a survivor of the Holocaust
    • 1926 – Annette Mbaye d’Erneville, Senegalese writer
    • 1926 – Arnaldo Pomodoro, Italian sculptor
    • 1927 – Bob Fosse, American actor, dancer, choreographer, and director (d. 1987)
    • 1927 – John Habgood, Baron Habgood, English archbishop (d. 2019)
    • 1928 – Jean Cione, American baseball player (d. 2010)
    • 1928 – Klaus von Dohnányi, German politician
    • 1928 – Michael Shaara, American author and academic (d. 1988)
    • 1929 – June Carter Cash, American singer-songwriter, musician, and actress (d. 2003)
    • 1929 – Mario Ghella, Italian racing cyclist
    • 1930 – Donn F. Eisele, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1987)
    • 1930 – John Elliott, English historian and academic
    • 1930 – Francis Newall, 2nd Baron Newall, English businessman and politician
    • 1930 – Anthony Thwaite, English poet, critic, and academic
    • 1930 – Marie-Thérèse Houphouët-Boigny, former First Lady of Ivory Coast
    • 1931 – Gunnar Uusi, Estonian chess player (d. 1981)
    • 1931 – Ola Ullsten, Swedish politician and diplomat (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Peter Millett, Baron Millett, English lawyer and judge
    • 1934 – Keith Sutton, English bishop (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Bill Torrey, Canadian businessman (d. 2018)
    • 1934 – Virbhadra Singh, Indian politician
    • 1935 – Maurice Ferré, Puerto Rican-American politician, 32nd Mayor of Miami
    • 1935 – Keith Burkinshaw, English footballer and manager
    • 1936 – Richard Bach, American novelist and essayist
    • 1936 – Costas Simitis, Greek economist, lawyer, and politician, 180th Prime Minister of Greece
    • 1937 – Martti Ahtisaari, Finnish captain and politician, 10th President of Finland, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1937 – Alan Haselhurst, English academic and politician
    • 1937 – Niki Sullivan, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1939 – Scott Burton, American sculptor (d. 1989)
    • 1940 – Adam Faith, English singer (d. 2003)
    • 1940 – George Feigley, American sex cult leader and two-time prison escapee (d. 2009)
    • 1940 – Derry Irvine, Baron Irvine of Lairg, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
    • 1940 – Wilma Rudolph, American runner (d. 1994)
    • 1940 – Mike Shrimpton, New Zealand cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1940 – Stuart Sutcliffe, Scottish painter and musician (d. 1962)
    • 1940 – Diana Trask, Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1941 – Robert Hunter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
    • 1941 – Roger McDonald, Australian author and screenwriter
    • 1941 – Keith Newton, English footballer (d. 1998)
    • 1942 – Martin Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow, English cosmologist and astrophysicist
    • 1943 – Patrick Bokanowski, French filmmaker
    • 1943 – Ellyn Kaschak, American psychologist and academic
    • 1943 – James Levine, American pianist and conductor
    • 1945 – Kjell Albin Abrahamson, Swedish journalist and author
    • 1945 – John Garang, Sudanese colonel and politician, President of Southern Sudan (d. 2005)
    • 1946 – Julian Hipwood, English polo player and coach
    • 1946 – Ted Shackelford, American actor
    • 1947 – Bryan Brown, Australian actor and producer
    • 1948 – Clarence Thomas, American lawyer and judge, United States Supreme Court Justice
    • 1949 – Gordon Bray, Australian journalist and sportscaster
    • 1949 – Sheila Noakes, Baroness Noakes, English accountant and politician
    • 1951 – Angelo Falcón, Puerto Rican-American political scientist, activist, and academic, founded the National Institute for Latino Policy
    • 1951 – Michèle Mouton, French race car driver and manager
    • 1951 – Raj Babbar, Indian actor and politician
    • 1953 – Armen Sarkissian, Armenian physicist, politician and current President of Armenia
    • 1955 – Pierre Corbeil, Canadian dentist and politician
    • 1955 – Glenn Danzig, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1955 – Jean Tigana, French footballer and manager
    • 1956 – Daniel J. Drucker, Canadian academic and educator
    • 1956 – Tony Hill, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1956 – Randy Jackson, American bass player and producer
    • 1957 – Dave Houghton, Zimbabwean cricketer and coach
    • 1957 – Frances McDormand, American actress, winner of the Triple Crown of Acting
    • 1958 – John Hayes, English politician, Minister of State at the Department of Energy and Climate Change
    • 1960 – Donald Harrison, American saxophonist, composer, and producer
    • 1960 – Tatsuya Uemura, Japanese composer and programmer
    • 1961 – Richard Arnold, English lawyer and judge
    • 1961 – Zoran Janjetov, Serbian singer and illustrator
    • 1961 – LaSalle Thompson, American basketball player, coach, and manager
    • 1962 – Chuck Billy, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1963 – Colin Montgomerie, Scottish golfer
    • 1964 – Nicolas Marceau, Canadian economist and politician
    • 1964 – Tara Morice, Australian actress and singer
    • 1964 – Joss Whedon, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Lou Yun, Chinese gymnast
    • 1965 – Paul Arthurs, English guitarist
    • 1965 – Sylvia Mathews Burwell, American government and non-profit executive
    • 1965 – Peter O’Malley, Australian golfer
    • 1966 – Chico DeBarge, American singer and pianist
    • 1969 – Martin Klebba, American actor, producer, and stuntman
    • 1970 – Robert Brooks, American football player
    • 1970 – Martin Deschamps, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1970 – Yann Tiersen, French singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1971 – Fred Ewanuick, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1971 – Félix Potvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1972 – Selma Blair, American actress
    • 1972 – Louis Van Amstel, Dutch dancer and choreographer
    • 1972 – Zinedine Zidane, French footballer and manager
    • 1974 – Joel Edgerton, Australian actor
    • 1974 – Mark Hendrickson, American basketball and baseball player
    • 1975 – Kevin Dyson, American football player and coach
    • 1975 – David Howell, English golfer
    • 1975 – Mike James, American basketball player
    • 1975 – KT Tunstall, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1976 – Wade Barrett, American soccer player and manager
    • 1976 – Joe Becker, American guitarist and composer
    • 1976 – Savvas Poursaitidis, Greek-Cypriot footballer and scout
    • 1976 – Brandon Stokley, American football player
    • 1976 – Paola Suárez, Argentinian tennis player
    • 1976 – Emmanuelle Vaugier, Canadian actress and singer
    • 1976 – Patrick Vieira, French footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Miguel Ángel Angulo, Spanish footballer
    • 1977 – Hayden Foxe, Australian footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Jaan Jüris, Estonian ski jumper
    • 1977 – Jason Mraz, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1977 – Shaun O’Hara, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Memphis Bleek, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1978 – Frederic Leclercq, French heavy metal musician
    • 1978 – Matt Light, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1979 – LaDainian Tomlinson, American football player
    • 1980 – Becky Cloonan, American author and illustrator
    • 1980 – Melissa Rauch, American actress
    • 1980 – Ramnaresh Sarwan, Guyanese cricketer
    • 1980 – Francesca Schiavone, Italian tennis player
    • 1981 – Antony Costa, English singer-songwriter
    • 1981 – Rolf Wacha, German rugby player
    • 1982 – Derek Boogaard, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2011)
    • 1983 – Brooks Laich, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – José Manuel Rojas, Chilean footballer
    • 1984 – Duffy, Welsh singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1984 – Takeshi Matsuda, Japanese swimmer
    • 1984 – Levern Spencer, Saint Lucian high jumper
    • 1985 – Marcel Reece, American football player
    • 1986 – Christy Altomare, American actress and singer songwriter
    • 1987 – Alessia Filippi, Italian swimmer
    • 1988 – Chet Faker, Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1988 – Chellsie Memmel, American gymnast
    • 1989 – Lisa Carrington, New Zealand flatwater canoeist
    • 1989 – Jordan Nolan, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Clevid Dikamona, French footballer
    • 1990 – Vasek Pospisil, Canadian tennis player
    • 1990 – Laura Ràfols, Spanish footballer
    • 1991 – Katie Armiger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1992 – Luiza Galiulina, Uzbekistani gymnast
    • 1992 – Nampalys Mendy, French footballer
    • 1993 – Tim Anderson, American baseball player
    • 1993 – Marvin Grumann, German footballer
    • 2004 – Alexandra Trusova, Russian figure skater

    Deaths on June 23

    • AD 79 – Vespasian, Roman emperor (b. AD 9)
    • 679 – Æthelthryth, English saint (b. 636)
    • 947 – Li Congyi, prince of Later Tang (b. 931)
    • 947 – Wang, imperial consort of Later Tang
    • 960 – Feng Yanji, chancellor of Southern Tang (b. 903)
    • 994 – Lothair Udo I, count of Stade (b. 950)
    • 1018 – Henry I, margrave of Austria
    • 1137 – Adalbert of Mainz, German archbishop
    • 1222 – Constance of Aragon, Hungarian queen (b. 1179)
    • 1290 – Henryk IV Probus, duke of Wrocław and high duke of Kraków (b. c. 1258)
    • 1314 – Henry de Bohun, English knight
    • 1324 – Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (b. 1270)
    • 1343 – Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi, Italian cardinal (b. c. 1270)
    • 1356 – Margaret II, Holy Roman Empress (b. 1311)
    • 1537 – Pedro de Mendoza, Spanish conquistador (b. 1487)
    • 1565 – Dragut, Ottoman admiral (b. 1485)
    • 1582 – Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese commander (b. 1537)
    • 1615 – Mashita Nagamori, Japanese daimyō (b. 1545)
    • 1677 – William Louis, duke of Württemberg (b. 1647)
    • 1686 – William Coventry, English politician (b. 1628)
    • 1707 – John Mill, English theologian and author (b. 1645)
    • 1733 – Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss paleontologist and scholar (b. 1672)
    • 1770 – Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (b. 1721)
    • 1775 – Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz, German adventurer and author (b. 1692)
    • 1779 – Mikael Sehul, Ethiopian warlord (b. 1691)
    • 1806 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French zoologist and philosopher (b. 1723)
    • 1811 – Nicolau Tolentino de Almeida, Portuguese poet and author (b. 1740)
    • 1832 – Sir James Hall, 4th Baronet, Scottish geologist and geophysicist (b. 1761)
    • 1836 – James Mill, Scottish economist, historian, and philosopher (b. 1773)
    • 1848 – Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este, Electress of Bavaria (b. 1776)
    • 1856 – Ivan Kireyevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (b. 1806)
    • 1881 – Matthias Jakob Schleiden, German botanist and academic (b. 1804)
    • 1891 – Wilhelm Eduard Weber, German physicist and academic (b. 1804)
    • 1891 – Samuel Newitt Wood, American lawyer and politician (b. 1825)
    • 1893 – William Fox, English-New Zealand lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1812)
    • 1893 – Theophilus Shepstone, English-South African politician (b. 1817)
    • 1914 – Bhaktivinoda Thakur, Indian guru and philosopher (b. 1838)
    • 1945 – Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian journalist and activist (b. 1923)
    • 1953 – Albert Gleizes, French painter (b. 1881)
    • 1954 – Salih Omurtak, Turkish general (b. 1889)
    • 1956 – Reinhold Glière, Russian composer and educator (b. 1875)
    • 1959 – Boris Vian, French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1920)
    • 1959 – Hidir Lutfi, Iraqi poet. (b. 1880)
    • 1969 – Volmari Iso-Hollo, Finnish runner (b. 1907)
    • 1970 – Roscoe Turner, American soldier and pilot (b. 1895)
    • 1973 – Gerry Birrell, Scottish race car driver (b. 1944)
    • 1980 – Sanjay Gandhi, Indian engineer and politician (b. 1946)
    • 1980 – Clyfford Still, American painter and academic (b. 1904)
    • 1989 – Werner Best, German police officer and jurist (b. 1903)
    • 1990 – Harindranath Chattopadhyay, Indian poet, actor, and politician (b. 1898)
    • 1992 – Eric Andolsek, American football player (b. 1966)
    • 1995 – Roger Grimsby, American journalist (b. 1928)
    • 1995 – Jonas Salk, American biologist and physician (b. 1914)
    • 1995 – Anatoli Tarasov, Russian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
    • 1996 – Andreas Papandreou, Greek economist and politician, 174th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
    • 1996 – Ray Lindwall, Australian cricketer and rugby player (b. 1921)
    • 1997 – Betty Shabazz, American educator and activist (b. 1936)
    • 1998 – Maureen O’Sullivan, Irish-American actress (b. 1911)
    • 2000 – Peter Dubovský, Slovak footballer (b. 1972)
    • 2002 – Pedro Alcázar, Panamanian boxer (b. 1975)
    • 2005 – Shana Alexander, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
    • 2005 – Manolis Anagnostakis, Greek poet and critic (b. 1925)
    • 2006 – Aaron Spelling, American actor, producer, and screenwriter, founded Spelling Television (b. 1923)
    • 2007 – Rod Beck, American baseball player (b. 1968)
    • 2008 – Claudio Capone, Italian-Scottish actor (b. 1952)
    • 2008 – Arthur Chung, Guyanese surveyor and politician, 1st President of Guyana (b. 1918)
    • 2008 – Marian Glinka, Polish actor and bodybuilder (b. 1943)
    • 2009 – Raymond Berthiaume, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1931)
    • 2009 – Ed McMahon, American game show host and announcer (b. 1923)
    • 2009 – Jerri Nielsen, American physician and explorer (b. 1952)
    • 2010 – John Burton, Australian public servant and diplomat (b. 1915)
    • 2011 – Peter Falk, American actor (b. 1927)
    • 2011 – Dennis Marshall, Costa Rican footballer (b. 1985)
    • 2011 – Fred Steiner, American composer and conductor (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – James Durbin, English economist and statistician (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Brigitte Engerer, French pianist and educator (b. 1952)
    • 2012 – Alan McDonald, Northern Ireland footballer and manager (b. 1963)
    • 2012 – Frank Chee Willeto, American soldier and politician, 4th Vice President of the Navajo Nation (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Walter J. Zable, American football player and businessman, founded the Cubic Corporation (b. 1915)
    • 2013 – Bobby Bland, American singer-songwriter (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Gary David Goldberg, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1944)
    • 2013 – Frank Kelso, American admiral and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (b. 1933)
    • 2013 – Kurt Leichtweiss, German mathematician and academic (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Darryl Read, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor (b. 1951)
    • 2013 – Sharon Stouder, American swimmer (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Nancy Garden, American author (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Euros Lewis, Welsh cricketer (b. 1942)
    • 2014 – Paula Kent Meehan, American businesswoman, co-founded Redken (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Miguel Facussé Barjum, Honduran businessman (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Nirmala Joshi, Indian nun, lawyer, and social worker (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Dick Van Patten, American actor (b. 1928)
    • 2016 – Ralph Stanley, American singer and banjo player (b. 1927)

    Holidays and observances on June 23

    • Christian feast day:
      • Æthelthryth
      • Marie of Oignies
      • Joseph Cafasso
      • June 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Feast of Raḥmat can fall, while June 24 is the latest. (Bahá’í Faith)
    • Father’s Day (Nicaragua, Poland)
    • Grand Duke’s Official Birthday (Luxembourg)
    • International Widows Day (international)
    • National Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism (Canada)
    • Okinawa Memorial Day (Okinawa Prefecture)
    • St John’s Eve and the first day of the Midsummer celebrations [although this is not the real summer solstice; see June 20] (Roman Catholic Church, Europe):
      • Bonfires of Saint John (Spain)
      • First night of Festa de São João do Porto (Porto)
      • First day of Golowan Festival (Cornwall)
      • Jaaniõhtu (Estonia)
      • Jāņi (Latvia)
      • Kupala Night (Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Ukraine)
      • Last day of Drăgaica fair (Buzău, Romania)
    • United Nations Public Service Day (International)
    • Victory Day (Estonia)

  • June 19 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea.
    • 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle changes the tide of the civil wars.
    • 1306 – The Earl of Pembroke’s army defeats Bruce’s Scottish army at the Battle of Methven.
    • 1586 – English colonists leave Roanoke Island, after failing to establish England’s first permanent settlement in North America.
    • 1770 – New Church Day: Emanuel Swedenborg writes: “The Lord sent forth His twelve disciples, who followed Him in the world into the whole spiritual world to preach the Gospel that the Lord God Jesus Christ reign. This took place on the 19th day of June, in the year 1770.”
    • 1800 – War of the Second Coalition Battle of Höchstädt results in a French victory over Austria.
    • 1816 – Battle of Seven Oaks between North West Company and Hudson’s Bay Company, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
    • 1821 – Decisive defeat of the Filiki Eteria by the Ottomans at Drăgășani (in Wallachia).
    • 1846 – The first officially recorded, organized baseball game is played under Alexander Cartwright’s rules on Hoboken, New Jersey’s Elysian Fields with the New York Base Ball Club defeating the Knickerbockers 23–1. Cartwright umpired.
    • 1850 – Princess Louise of the Netherlands marries Crown Prince Karl of Sweden–Norway.
    • 1862 – The U.S. Congress prohibits slavery in United States territories, nullifying Dred Scott v. Sandford.
    • 1865 – Over two years after the Emancipation Proclamation, slaves in Galveston, Texas, United States, are finally informed of their freedom. The anniversary is still officially celebrated in Texas and 41 other contiguous states as Juneteenth.
    • 1867 – Maximilian I of the Second Mexican Empire is executed by a firing squad in Querétaro, Querétaro.
    • 1875 – The Herzegovinian rebellion against the Ottoman Empire begins.
    • 1903 – Benito Mussolini, at the time a radical Socialist, is arrested by Bern police for advocating a violent general strike.
    • 1910 – The first Father’s Day is celebrated in Spokane, Washington.
    • 1913 – Natives Land Act, 1913 in South Africa implemented.
    • 1934 – The Communications Act of 1934 establishes the United States’ Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
    • 1943 – The Philadelphia Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers in the NFL merge for one season due to player shortages caused by World War II.
    • 1953 – Cold War: Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed at Sing Sing, in New York.
    • 1960 – The first NASCAR race was held at Charlotte Motor Speedway.
    • 1961 – Kuwait declares independence from the United Kingdom.
    • 1964 – The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is approved after surviving an 83-day filibuster in the United States Senate.
    • 1965 – Nguyễn Cao Kỳ becomes Prime Minister of South Vietnam at the head of a military junta; General Nguyễn Văn Thiệu becomes the figurehead chief of state.
    • 1985 – Members of the Revolutionary Party of Central American Workers, dressed as Salvadoran soldiers, attack the Zona Rosa area of San Salvador.
    • 1987 – Basque separatist group ETA commits one of its most violent attacks, in which a bomb is set off in a supermarket, Hipercor, killing 21 and injuring 45.
    • 1988 – Pope John Paul II canonizes 117 Vietnamese Martyrs.
    • 1990 – The current international law defending indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989, is ratified for the first time by Norway.
    • 1990 – The Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic is founded in Moscow.
    • 1991 – The last Soviet army units in Hungary are withdrawn.
    • 2007 – The al-Khilani Mosque bombing in Baghdad leaves 78 people dead and another 218 injured.
    • 2009 – Mass riots involving over 10,000 people and 10,000 police officers break out in Shishou, China, over the dubious circumstances surrounding the death of a local chef.
    • 2009 – War in North-West Pakistan: The Pakistani Armed Forces open Operation Rah-e-Nijat against the Taliban and other Islamist rebels in the South Waziristan area of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas.
    • 2012 – WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange requested asylum in London’s Ecuadorian Embassy for fear of extradition to the US after publication of previously classified documents including footage of civilian killings by the US army.
    • 2018 – The 10,000,000th United States Patent is issued.

    Births on June 19

    • 1301 – Prince Morikuni, shōgun of Japan (d. 1333)
    • 1417 – Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, lord of Rimini (d. 1468)
    • 1566 – James VI and I of the United Kingdom (d. 1625)
    • 1590 – Philip Bell, British colonial governor (d. 1678)
    • 1595 – Hargobind, sixth Sikh guru (d. 1644)
    • 1598 – Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1677)
    • 1606 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish soldier and politician, Lord Chancellor of Scotland (d. 1649)
    • 1623 – Blaise Pascal, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1662)
    • 1633 – Philipp van Limborch, Dutch author and theologian (d. 1712)
    • 1701 – François Rebel, French violinist and composer (d. 1775)
    • 1731 – Joaquim Machado de Castro, Portuguese sculptor (d. 1822)
    • 1764 – José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan general and politician (d. 1850)
    • 1771 – Joseph Diaz Gergonne, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1859)
    • 1776 – Francis Johnson, American lawyer and politician (d. 1842)
    • 1783 – Friedrich Sertürner, German chemist and pharmacist (d. 1841)
    • 1793 – Joseph Earl Sheffield, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1882)
    • 1795 – James Braid, Scottish-English surgeon (d. 1860)
    • 1797 – Hamilton Hume, Australian explorer (d. 1873)
    • 1815 – Cornelius Krieghoff, Dutch-Canadian painter (d. 1872)
    • 1816 – William H. Webb, American shipbuilder and philanthropist, founded the Webb Institute (d. 1899)
    • 1833 – Mary Tenney Gray, American editorial writer, club-woman, philanthropist, and suffragette (d. 1904)
    • 1834 – Charles Spurgeon, English pastor and author (d. 1892)
    • 1840 – Georg Karl Maria Seidlitz, German entomologist and academic (d. 1917)
    • 1843 – Mary Sibbet Copley, American philanthropist (d. 1929)
    • 1845 – Cléophas Beausoleil, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1904)
    • 1846 – Antonio Abetti, Italian astronomer and academic (d. 1928)
    • 1850 – David Jayne Hill, American historian and politician, 24th United States Assistant Secretary of State (d. 1932)
    • 1851 – Billy Midwinter, English-Australian cricketer (d. 1890)
    • 1851 – Silvanus P. Thompson, English physicist, engineer, and academic (d. 1916)
    • 1854 – Alfredo Catalani, Italian composer and academic (d. 1893)
    • 1854 – Hjalmar Mellin, Finnish mathematician and theorist (d. 1933)
    • 1855 – George F. Roesch, American lawyer and politician (d. 1917)
    • 1858 – Sam Walter Foss, American poet and librarian (d. 1911)
    • 1861 – Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, Scottish-English field marshal (d. 1928)
    • 1861 – Émile Haug, French geologist and paleontologist (d. 1927)
    • 1861 – José Rizal, Filipino journalist, author, and poet (d. 1896)
    • 1865 – May Whitty, English actress (d. 1948)
    • 1871 – Alajos Szokolyi, Hungarian hurdler, jumper, and physician (d. 1932)
    • 1872 – Theodore Payne, English-American gardener and botanist (d. 1963)
    • 1874 – Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish physicist and engineer (d. 1941)
    • 1876 – Nigel Gresley, Scottish-English engineer (d. 1941)
    • 1877 – Charles Coburn, American actor (d. 1961)
    • 1881 – Maginel Wright Enright, American illustrator (d. 1966)
    • 1883 – Gladys Mills Phipps, American horse breeder (d. 1970)
    • 1884 – Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes, French painter and historian (d. 1974)
    • 1886 – Finley Hamilton, American lawyer and politician (d. 1940)
    • 1888 – Arthur Massey Berry, Canadian soldier and pilot (d. 1970)
    • 1891 – John Heartfield, German photographer and activist (d. 1968)
    • 1896 – Rajani Palme Dutt, English journalist and politician (d. 1974)
    • 1896 – Wallis Simpson, American wife of Edward VIII (d. 1986)
    • 1897 – Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1967)
    • 1897 – Moe Howard, American comedian (d. 1975)
    • 1902 – Guy Lombardo, Canadian-American violinist and bandleader (d. 1977)
    • 1903 – Mary Callery, American-French sculptor and academic (d. 1977)
    • 1903 – Lou Gehrig, American baseball player (d. 1941)
    • 1903 – Wally Hammond, English cricketer and coach (d. 1965)
    • 1903 – Hans Litten, German lawyer (d. 1938)
    • 1905 – Mildred Natwick, American actress (d. 1994)
    • 1906 – Ernst Boris Chain, German-Irish biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
    • 1906 – Knut Kroon, Swedish footballer (d. 1975)
    • 1906 – Walter Rauff, German SS officer (d. 1984)
    • 1907 – Clarence Wiseman, Canadian 10th General of the Salvation Army (d. 1985)
    • 1909 – Osamu Dazai, Japanese author (d. 1948)
    • 1909 – Rūdolfs Jurciņš, Latvian basketball player (d. 1948)
    • 1910 – Sydney Allard, English race car driver, founded the Allard Company (d. 1966)
    • 1910 – Paul Flory, American chemist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
    • 1910 – Abe Fortas, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1982)
    • 1912 – Don Gutteridge, American baseball player and manager (d. 2008)
    • 1912 – Virginia MacWatters, American soprano and actress (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Helene Madison, American swimmer (d. 1970)
    • 1914 – Alan Cranston, American journalist and politician (d. 2000)
    • 1914 – Lester Flatt, American bluegrass singer-songwriter, guitarist, and mandolin player (d. 1979)
    • 1915 – Pat Buttram, American actor (d. 1994)
    • 1915 – Julius Schwartz, American publisher and agent (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Joshua Nkomo, Zimbabwean guerrilla leader and politician, Vice President of Zimbabwe (d. 1999)
    • 1919 – Pauline Kael, American film critic (d. 2001)
    • 1920 – Yves Robert, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
    • 1921 – Louis Jourdan, French-American actor and singer (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Aage Bohr, Danish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
    • 1922 – Marilyn P. Johnson, American educator and diplomat, 8th United States Ambassador to Togo
    • 1923 – Bob Hank, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2012)
    • 1926 – Erna Schneider Hoover, American mathematician and inventor
    • 1927 – Luciano Benjamín Menéndez, Argentine general and human rights violator (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Tommy DeVito, American singer and guitarist
    • 1928 – Nancy Marchand, American actress (d. 2000)
    • 1930 – Gena Rowlands, American actress
    • 1932 – Pier Angeli, Italian actress (d. 1971)
    • 1932 – José Sanchis Grau, Spanish author and illustrator (d. 2011)
    • 1932 – Marisa Pavan, Italian actress
    • 1933 – Viktor Patsayev, Kazakh engineer and astronaut (d. 1971)
    • 1934 – Gérard Latortue, Haitian politician, 12th Prime Minister of Haiti
    • 1936 – Marisa Galvany, American soprano and actress
    • 1937 – André Glucksmann, French philosopher and author (d. 2015)
    • 1938 – Wahoo McDaniel, American football player and wrestler (d. 2002)
    • 1939 – Bernd Hoss, German footballer and manager (d. 2016)
    • 1939 – John F. MacArthur, American minister and theologian
    • 1941 – Václav Klaus, Czech economist and politician, 2nd President of the Czech Republic
    • 1942 – Merata Mita, New Zealand director and producer (d. 2010)
    • 1944 – Chico Buarque, Brazilian singer, composer, writer and poet
    • 1945 – Radovan Karadžić, Serbian-Bosnian politician and convicted war criminal, 1st President of Republika Srpska
    • 1945 – Aung San Suu Kyi, Burmese politician, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1945 – Tobias Wolff, American short story writer, memoirist, and novelist
    • 1946 – Jimmy Greenhoff, English footballer and manager
    • 1947 – Salman Rushdie, Indian-English novelist and essayist
    • 1947 – John Ralston Saul, Canadian philosopher and author
    • 1948 – Nick Drake, English singer-songwriter (d. 1974)
    • 1948 – Phylicia Rashad, American actress
    • 1950 – Neil Asher Silberman, American archaeologist and historian
    • 1950 – Ann Wilson, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1951 – Ayman al-Zawahiri, Egyptian terrorist
    • 1951 – Francesco Moser, Italian cyclist
    • 1952 – Bob Ainsworth, English politician, Secretary of State for Defence
    • 1954 – Mike O’Brien, English lawyer and politician, Solicitor General for England and Wales
    • 1954 – Lou Pearlman, American music producer and fraudster (d. 2016)
    • 1954 – Kathleen Turner, American actress
    • 1954 – Richard Wilkins, New Zealand-Australian journalist and television presenter
    • 1955 – Mary O’Connor, New Zealand runner
    • 1955 – Mary Schapiro, American lawyer and politician
    • 1957 – Anna Lindh, Swedish politician, 39th Swedish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2003)
    • 1957 – Jean Rabe, American journalist and author
    • 1958 – Sergei Makarov, Russian-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1959 – Mark DeBarge, American singer-songwriter and trumpet player
    • 1959 – Christian Wulff, German lawyer and politician, 10th President of Germany
    • 1960 – Andrew Dilnot, English economist and academic
    • 1960 – Johnny Gray, American runner and coach
    • 1960 – Luke Morley, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1960 – Patti Rizzo, American golfer
    • 1962 – Paula Abdul, American singer-songwriter, dancer, actress, and presenter
    • 1962 – Jeremy Bates, English tennis player
    • 1962 – Ashish Vidyarthi, Indian actor
    • 1963 – Laura Ingraham, American radio host and author
    • 1963 – Margarita Ponomaryova, Russian hurdler
    • 1963 – Rory Underwood, English rugby player, lieutenant, and pilot
    • 1964 – Brent Goulet, American soccer player and manager
    • 1964 – Boris Johnson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and former Mayor of London
    • 1964 – Brian Vander Ark, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Sabine Braun, German heptathlete
    • 1965 – Sadie Frost, English actress and producer
    • 1966 – Michalis Romanidis, Greek basketball player
    • 1967 – Bjørn Dæhlie, Norwegian skier and businessman
    • 1968 – Alastair Lynch, Australian footballer and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Timothy Morton, American philosopher and academic
    • 1968 – Kimberly Anne “Kim” Walker, American film and television actress (d. 2001)
    • 1970 – Rahul Gandhi, Indian politician
    • 1970 – Quincy Watts, American sprinter and football player
    • 1970 – Brian Welch, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1971 – José Emilio Amavisca, Spanish footballer
    • 1971 – Chris Armstrong, English footballer
    • 1972 – Jean Dujardin, French actor
    • 1972 – Ilya Markov, Russian race walker
    • 1972 – Brian McBride, American soccer player and coach
    • 1972 – Poppy Montgomery, Australian-American actress
    • 1972 – Robin Tunney, American actress
    • 1973 – Jahine Arnold, American football player
    • 1973 – Yuko Nakazawa, Japanese singer
    • 1973 – Yasuhiko Yabuta, Japanese baseball player
    • 1974 – Doug Mientkiewicz, American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1974 – Mustaque Ahmed Ruhi, Bangladeshi member of parliament
    • 1975 – Hugh Dancy, English actor and model
    • 1975 – Anthony Parker, American basketball player
    • 1976 – Anar Baghirov, Azerbaijani lawyer
    • 1976 – Dennis Crowley, American businessman, co-founded Foursquare
    • 1976 – Bryan Hughes, English footballer and manager
    • 1976 – Anita Wilson, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1978 – Dirk Nowitzki, German basketball player
    • 1978 – Zoe Saldana, American actress
    • 1978 – Claudio Vargas, Dominican baseball player
    • 1979 – José Kléberson, Brazilian footballer
    • 1980 – Jean Carroll, Irish cricketer
    • 1980 – Dan Ellis, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Robbie Neilson, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1980 – Nuno Santos, Portuguese footballer
    • 1981 – Mohammed Al-Khuwalidi, Saudi Arabian long jumper
    • 1981 – Moss Burmester, New Zealand swimmer
    • 1982 – Alexander Frolov, Russian ice hockey player
    • 1982 – Chris Vermuelen, Australian motorcycle racer
    • 1983 – Macklemore, American rapper
    • 1983 – Aidan Turner, Irish actor
    • 1984 – Paul Dano, American actor
    • 1984 – Wieke Dijkstra, Dutch field hockey player
    • 1984 – Andri Eleftheriou, Cypriot sport shooter
    • 1985 – Ai Miyazato, Japanese golfer
    • 1985 – José Ernesto Sosa, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Dire Tune, Ethiopian runner
    • 1986 – Aoiyama Kōsuke, Bulgarian sumo wrestler
    • 1986 – Lázaro Borges, Cuban pole vaulter
    • 1986 – Diego Hypólito, Brazilian gymnast
    • 1986 – Marvin Williams, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Rashard Mendenhall, American football player
    • 1988 – Jacob deGrom, American baseball player
    • 1990 – Moa Hjelmer, Swedish sprinter
    • 1990 – Xavier Rhodes, American football player
    • 1992 – Keaton Jennings, South African-English cricketer
    • 1992 – C. J. Mosley, American football player
    • 1993 – Olajide Olatunji, English YouTuber

    Deaths on June 19

    • 404 – Huan Xuan, Jin-dynasty warlord and emperor of Huan Chu (b. 369)
    • 626 – Soga no Umako, Japanese son of Soga no Iname (b. 551)
    • 930 – Xiao Qing, chancellor of Later Liang (b. 862)
    • 1027 – Romuald, Italian mystic and saint (b. 951)
    • 1185 – Taira no Munemori, Japanese soldier (b. 1147)
    • 1282 – Eleanor de Montfort, Welsh princess (b. 1252)
    • 1312 – Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall, English politician (b. 1284)
    • 1341 – Juliana Falconieri, Italian nun and saint (b. 1270)
    • 1364 – Elisenda of Montcada, queen consort and regent of Aragon (b. 1292)
    • 1504 – Bernhard Walther, German astronomer and humanist (b. 1430)
    • 1542 – Leo Jud, Swiss theologian and reformer (b. 1482)
    • 1545 – Abraomas Kulvietis, Lithuanian-Russian lawyer and jurist (b. 1509)
    • 1567 – Anna of Brandenburg, Duchess of Mecklenburg (b. 1507)
    • 1584 – Francis, Duke of Anjou (b. 1555)
    • 1608 – Alberico Gentili, Italian lawyer and jurist (b. 1551)
    • 1650 – Matthäus Merian, Swiss-German engraver and publisher (b. 1593)
    • 1747 – Alessandro Marcello, Italian composer and educator (b. 1669)
    • 1747 – Nader Shah, Persian leader (b. 1688)
    • 1762 – Johann Ernst Eberlin, German organist and composer (b. 1702)
    • 1768 – Benjamin Tasker Sr., American soldier and politician, 10th Colonial Governor of Maryland (b. 1690)
    • 1786 – Nathanael Greene, American general (b. 1742)
    • 1805 – Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée, French painter and educator (b. 1724)
    • 1820 – Joseph Banks, English botanist and author (b. 1743)
    • 1844 – Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, French zoologist and biologist (b. 1772)
    • 1864 – Richard Heales, English-Australian politician, 4th Premier of Victoria (b. 1822)
    • 1864 – Sarah Rosetta Wakeman, American soldier (b. 1843)
    • 1865 – Evangelos Zappas, Greek-Romanian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1800)
    • 1867 – Miguel Miramón, Unconstitutional president of Mexico, 1859-1860 (b. 1832)
    • 1867 – Maximilian I of Mexico (b. 1832)
    • 1874 – Ferdinand Stoliczka, Moravian palaeontologist and ornithologist (b. 1838)
    • 1884 – Juan Bautista Alberdi, Argentinian-French politician and diplomat (b. 1810)
    • 1903 – Herbert Vaughan, English cardinal (b. 1832)
    • 1918 – Francesco Baracca, Italian fighter pilot (b. 1888)
    • 1921 – Ramón López Velarde, Mexican poet and author (b. 1888)
    • 1922 – Hitachiyama Taniemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 19th Yokozuna (b. 1874)
    • 1932 – Sol Plaatje, South African journalist and activist (b. 1876)
    • 1937 – J. M. Barrie, Scottish novelist and playwright (b. 1860)
    • 1939 – Grace Abbott, American social worker and activist (b. 1878)
    • 1940 – Maurice Jaubert, French composer and conductor (b. 1900)
    • 1941 – C. V. Hartman, Swiss botanist and anthropologist (b. 1862)
    • 1941 – Otto Hirsch, German jurist and politician (b. 1885)
    • 1949 – Syed Zafarul Hasan, Indian philosopher and academic (b. 1885)
    • 1951 – Angelos Sikelianos, Greek poet and playwright (b. 1884)
    • 1953 – Ethel Rosenberg, American spy (b. 1915)
    • 1953 – Julius Rosenberg, American spy (b. 1918)
    • 1956 – Thomas J. Watson, American businessman (b. 1874)
    • 1962 – Frank Borzage, American film director and actor (b. 1894)
    • 1966 – Ed Wynn, American actor and comedian (b. 1886)
    • 1968 – James Joseph Sweeney, American bishop (b. 1898)
    • 1975 – Sam Giancana, American mob boss (b. 1908)
    • 1977 – Ali Shariati, Iranian sociologist and philosopher (b. 1933)
    • 1979 – Paul Popenoe, American explorer and scholar, founded Relationship counseling (b. 1888)
    • 1981 – Anya Phillips, Chinese-American band manager and co-founder of the Mudd Club (b. 1955)
    • 1984 – Lee Krasner, American painter and educator (b. 1908)
    • 1986 – Len Bias, American basketball player (b. 1963)
    • 1987 – Margaret Carver Leighton, American author (b. 1896)
    • 1988 – Fernand Seguin, Canadian biochemist and academic (b. 1922)
    • 1988 – Gladys Spellman, American lawyer and politician (b. 1918)
    • 1989 – Betti Alver, Estonian author and poet (b. 1906)
    • 1990 – George Addes, American trade union leader, co-founded United Automobile Workers (b. 1911)
    • 1990 – Isabella Smith Andrews, New Zealand writer (b. 1905)
    • 1991 – Jean Arthur, American actress (b. 1900)
    • 1993 – William Golding, British novelist, playwright, and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
    • 1995 – Peter Townsend, Burmese-English captain and pilot (b. 1914)
    • 2001 – Stanley Mosk, American lawyer, jurist, and politician (b. 1912)
    • 2001 – John Heyer, Australian director and producer (b. 1916)
    • 2004 – Clayton Kirkpatrick, journalist and newspaper editor (b. 1915)
    • 2007 – Antonio Aguilar, Mexican singer-songwriter, actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1919)
    • 2007 – Alberto Mijangos, Mexican-American painter and educator (b. 1925)
    • 2007 – Terry Hoeppner, American football player and coach (b. 1947)
    • 2007 – Ze’ev Schiff, Israeli journalist and author (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – Barun Sengupta, Bengali journalist, founded Bartaman (b. 1934)
    • 2009 – Tomoji Tanabe, Japanese engineer and surveyor (b. 1895)
    • 2010 – Manute Bol, Sudanese-American basketball player and activist (b. 1962)
    • 2010 – Anthony Quinton, Baron Quinton, English philosopher and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2010 – Carlos Monsiváis, Mexican writer, journalist and political activist (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Norbert Tiemann, American soldier and politician, 32nd Governor of Nebraska (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Vince Flynn, American author (b. 1966)
    • 2013 – James Gandolfini, American actor and producer (b. 1961)
    • 2013 – Gyula Horn, Hungarian politician, 37th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Dave Jennings, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1952)
    • 2013 – Filip Topol, Czech singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1965)
    • 2013 – Slim Whitman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Oskar-Hubert Dennhardt, German general (b. 1915)
    • 2014 – Gerry Goffin, American songwriter (b. 1939)
    • 2014 – Ibrahim Touré, Ivorian footballer (b. 1985)
    • 2015 – James Salter, American novelist and short-story writer (b. 1925)
    • 2016 – Anton Yelchin, American actor (b. 1989)
    • 2017 – Otto Warmbier, American college student detained in North Korea (b. 1994)
    • 2018 – Koko, western lowland gorilla and user of American Sign Language (b. 1971)
    • 2019 – Etika, American YouTuber and streamer (b. 1990)

    Holidays and observances on June 19

    • Christian feast day:
      • Deodatus (or Didier) of Nevers (or of Jointures)
      • Gervasius and Protasius (Catholic Church)
      • Hildegrim of Châlons
      • Juliana Falconieri
      • Romuald
      • Ursicinus of Ravenna
      • Zosimus
      • June 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • New Church feast day
      • New Church Day
    • Day of the Independent Hungary (Hungary)
    • Feast of Forest (Palawan)
    • Juneteenth (United States, especially African Americans)
    • Labour Day (Trinidad and Tobago)
    • Laguna Day (Laguna)
    • Never Again Day (Uruguay)
    • World Sickle Cell Day (International)

  • June 18 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China.
    • 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.
    • 860 – Byzantine–Rus’ War: A fleet of about 200 Rus’ vessels sails into the Bosphorus and starts pillaging the suburbs of the Byzantine capital Constantinople.
    • 1053 – Battle of Civitate: Three thousand horsemen of Norman Count Humphrey rout the troops of Pope Leo IX.
    • 1178 – Five Canterbury monks see what is possibly the Giordano Bruno crater being formed. It is believed that the current oscillations of the Moon’s distance from the Earth (on the order of meters) are a result of this collision.
    • 1264 – The Parliament of Ireland meets at Castledermot in County Kildare, the first definitively known meeting of this Irish legislature.
    • 1265 – A draft Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, but is not ratified by Doge Reniero Zeno.
    • 1429 – French forces under the leadership of Joan of Arc defeat the main English army under Sir John Fastolf at the Battle of Patay. This turns the tide of the Hundred Years’ War.
    • 1633 – Charles I is crowned King of Scots at St Giles’ Cathedral, Edinburgh.
    • 1684 – The charter of the Massachusetts Bay Colony is revoked via a scire facias writ issued by an English court.
    • 1757 – Battle of Kolín between Prussian forces under Frederick the Great and an Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal Count Leopold Joseph von Daun in the Seven Years’ War.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: British troops abandon Philadelphia.
    • 1799 – Action of 18 June 1799: A frigate squadron under Rear-admiral Perrée is captured by the British fleet under Lord Keith.
    • 1812 – The United States declaration of war upon the United Kingdom is signed by President James Madison, beginning the War of 1812.
    • 1815 – Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Waterloo results in the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte by the Duke of Wellington and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher forcing him to abdicate the throne of France for the second and last time.
    • 1822 – Constantine Kanaris blows up the Ottoman navy’s flagship at Chios, killing the Kapudan Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha.
    • 1858 – Charles Darwin receives a paper from Alfred Russel Wallace that includes nearly identical conclusions about evolution as Darwin’s own, prompting Darwin to publish his theory.
    • 1859 – First ascent of Aletschhorn, second summit of the Bernese Alps.
    • 1873 – Susan B. Anthony is fined $100 for attempting to vote in the 1872 presidential election.
    • 1887 – The Reinsurance Treaty between Germany and Russia is signed.
    • 1900 – Empress Dowager Cixi of China orders all foreigners killed, including foreign diplomats and their families.
    • 1908 – Japanese immigration to Brazil begins when 781 people arrive in Santos aboard the ship Kasato-Maru.
    • 1908 – The University of the Philippines is established.
    • 1923 – Checker Taxi puts its first taxi on the streets.
    • 1928 – Aviator Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly in an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean (she is a passenger; Wilmer Stultz is the pilot and Lou Gordon the mechanic).
    • 1935 – Police in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, clash with striking longshoremen, resulting in a total of 60 injuries and 24 arrests.
    • 1940 – Appeal of 18 June by Charles de Gaulle.
    • 1940 – The “Finest Hour” speech is delivered by Winston Churchill.
    • 1945 – William Joyce (“Lord Haw-Haw”) is charged with treason for his pro-German propaganda broadcasting during World War II.
    • 1946 – Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia, a Socialist, calls for a Direct Action Day against the Portuguese in Goa.
    • 1948 – Columbia Records introduces the long-playing record album in a public demonstration at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City.
    • 1953 – The Egyptian revolution of 1952 ends with the overthrow of the Muhammad Ali dynasty and the declaration of the Republic of Egypt.
    • 1953 – A United States Air Force C-124 crashes and burns near Tachikawa, Japan, killing 129.
    • 1954 – Carlos Castillo Armas leads an invasion force across the Guatemalan border, setting in motion the 1954 Guatemalan coup d’état.
    • 1965 – Vietnam War: The United States uses B-52 bombers to attack National Liberation Front guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam.
    • 1972 – Staines air disaster: One hundred eighteen people are killed when a BEA H.S. Trident crashes two minutes after take off from London’s Heathrow Airport.
    • 1979 – SALT II is signed by the United States and the Soviet Union.
    • 1981 – The Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, the first operational aircraft initially designed around stealth technology, makes its first flight.
    • 1982 – Italian banker Roberto Calvi’s body is discovered hanging beneath Blackfriars Bridge in London, England.
    • 1983 – Space Shuttle program: STS-7, Astronaut Sally Ride becomes the first American woman in space.
    • 1983 – Mona Mahmudnizhad, together with nine other Bahá’í women, is sentenced to death and hanged in Shiraz, Iran over her religious beliefs.
    • 1984 – A major clash between about 5,000 police and a similar number of miners takes place at Orgreave, South Yorkshire, during the 1984–85 UK miners’ strike.
    • 1994 – The Troubles: Members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) attack a crowded pub with assault rifles in Loughinisland, Northern Ireland. Six Catholic civilians are killed and five wounded. It was crowded with people watching the 1994 FIFA World Cup.
    • 2006 – The first Kazakh space satellite, KazSat-1 is launched.
    • 2007 – The Charleston Sofa Super Store fire happened in Charleston, South Carolina, killing nine firefighters.
    • 2009 – The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), a NASA robotic spacecraft is launched.
    • 2018 – An earthquake of magnitude 6.1 strikes northern Osaka.

    Births on June 18

    • 1269 – Eleanor of England, Countess of Bar (d. 1298)
    • 1318 – Eleanor of Woodstock (d. 1355)
    • 1332 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1391)
    • 1466 – Ottaviano Petrucci, Italian printer (d. 1539)
    • 1511 – Bartolomeo Ammannati, Italian architect and sculptor, designed the Ponte Santa Trinita (d. 1592)
    • 1517 – Emperor Ōgimachi of Japan (d. 1593)
    • 1521 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (d. 1577)
    • 1667 – Ivan Trubetskoy, Russian field marshal (d. 1750)
    • 1673 – Antonio de Literes, Spanish composer (d. 1747)
    • 1677 – Antonio Maria Bononcini, Italian cellist and composer (d. 1726)
    • 1716 – Joseph-Marie Vien, French painter and educator (d. 1809)
    • 1717 – Johann Stamitz, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1757)
    • 1757 – Ignaz Pleyel, Austrian-French pianist and composer (d. 1831)
    • 1757 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, Argentinian lawyer and politician 1st Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (d. 1833)
    • 1769 – Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Irish-English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (d. 1822)
    • 1799 – William Lassell, English astronomer and merchant (d. 1880)
    • 1812 – Ivan Goncharov, Russian journalist and author (d. 1891)
    • 1815 – Ludwig Freiherr von und zu der Tann-Rathsamhausen, German general (d. 1881)
    • 1816 – Hélène Napoleone Bonaparte, French daughter of Napoleon (d. 1907)
    • 1816 – Jung Bahadur Rana, Nepali ruler (d. 1877)
    • 1833 – Manuel González Flores, Mexican general and President (1880-1884) (d. 1893)
    • 1834 – Auguste-Théodore-Paul de Broglie, French philosopher and academic (d. 1895)
    • 1839 – William H. Seward Jr., American general and banker (d. 1920)
    • 1845 – Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, French physician and parasitologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1922)
    • 1850 – Richard Heuberger, Austrian composer and critic (d. 1914)
    • 1854 – E. W. Scripps, American publisher, founded the E. W. Scripps Company (d. 1926)
    • 1857 – Henry Clay Folger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Folger Shakespeare Library (d. 1930)
    • 1858 – Andrew Forsyth, Scottish-English mathematician and academic (d. 1942)
    • 1858 – Hector Rason, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1927)
    • 1862 – Carolyn Wells, American novelist and poet (d. 1942)
    • 1863 – George Essex Evans, English-Australian poet and author (d. 1909)
    • 1868 – Miklós Horthy, Hungarian admiral and politician, Regent of Hungary (d. 1957)
    • 1870 – Édouard Le Roy, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1954)
    • 1877 – James Montgomery Flagg, American painter and illustrator (d. 1960)
    • 1881 – Zoltán Halmay, Hungarian swimmer (d. 1956)
    • 1882 – Georgi Dimitrov, Bulgarian compositor and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Bulgaria (d. 1949)
    • 1884 – Édouard Daladier, French captain and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1970)
    • 1886 – George Mallory, English lieutenant and mountaineer (d. 1924)
    • 1886 – Alexander Wetmore, American ornithologist and paleontologist (d. 1978)
    • 1887 – Tancrède Labbé, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1956)
    • 1896 – Blanche Sweet, American actress (d. 1986)
    • 1897 – Martti Marttelin, Finnish runner (d. 1940)
    • 1900 – Vlasta Vraz, Czech-American relief worker, editor, and fundraiser (d. 1989)
    • 1901 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
    • 1901 – Llewellyn Rees, English actor (d. 1994)
    • 1902 – Louis Alter, American musician (d. 1980)
    • 1902 – Paavo Yrjölä, Finnish decathlete (d. 1980)
    • 1903 – Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (d. 1965)
    • 1903 – Raymond Radiguet, French author and poet (d. 1923)
    • 1904 – Keye Luke, Chinese-American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1904 – Manuel Rosenthal, French conductor and composer (d. 2003)
    • 1905 – Eduard Tubin, Estonian composer and conductor (d. 1982)
    • 1907 – Frithjof Schuon, Swiss-American metaphysicist, philosopher, and author (d. 1998)
    • 1908 – Bud Collyer, American actor and game show host (d. 1969)
    • 1908 – Stanley Knowles, American-Canadian academic and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1908 – Nedra Volz, American actress (d. 2003)
    • 1910 – Dick Foran, American actor and singer (d. 1979)
    • 1910 – Avon Long, American actor and singer (d. 1984)
    • 1910 – Ray McKinley, American singer, drummer, and bandleader (d. 1995)
    • 1912 – Glenn Morris, American decathlete (d. 1974)
    • 1913 – Wilfred Gordon Bigelow, Canadian soldier and surgeon (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Sammy Cahn, American pianist and composer (d. 1993)
    • 1913 – Sylvia Porter, American economist and journalist (d. 1991)
    • 1913 – Françoise Loranger, Canadian playwright and producer (d. 1995)
    • 1913 – Robert Mondavi, American winemaker and philanthropist (d. 2008)
    • 1913 – Oswald Teichmüller, German mathematician (d. 1943)
    • 1914 – E. G. Marshall, American actor (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Efraín Huerta, Mexican poet (d.1982)
    • 1915 – Red Adair, American firefighter (d. 2004)
    • 1915 – Robert Kanigher, American author (d. 2002)
    • 1915 – Alice T. Schafer, American mathematician (d. 2009)
    • 1916 – Julio César Turbay Ayala, Colombian lawyer and politician, 25th President of Colombia (d. 2005)
    • 1917 – Richard Boone, American actor, singer, and director (d. 1981)
    • 1917 – Jack Karnehm, English snooker player and sportscaster (d. 2002)
    • 1917 – Erik Ortvad, Danish painter and illustrator (d. 2008)
    • 1918 – Alf Francis, West Prussia-born, English motor racing mechanic and race car constructor (d. 1983)
    • 1918 – Jerome Karle, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Franco Modigliani, Italian-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
    • 1919 – Jüri Järvet, Estonian actor and screenwriter (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Ian Carmichael, English actor and singer (d. 2010)
    • 1920 – Lode Van Den Bergh, Belgian author and academic
    • 1922 – Claude Helffer, French pianist and educator (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – George Mikan, American basketball player and coach (d. 2005)
    • 1925 – Robert Beadell, American composer and educator (d. 1994)
    • 1926 – Philip B. Crosby, American businessman and author (d. 2001)
    • 1926 – Allan Sandage, American astronomer and cosmologist (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Tom Wicker, American journalist and author (d. 2011)
    • 1927 – Eva Bartok, Hungarian-English actress (d. 1998)
    • 1927 – Paul Eddington, English actor (d. 1995)
    • 1928 – Michael Blakemore, Australian actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1928 – David T. Lykken, American geneticist and academic (d. 2006)
    • 1929 – Jürgen Habermas, German sociologist and philosopher
    • 1929 – Tibor Rubin, Hungarian-American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Brazilian sociologist, academic, and politician, 34th President of Brazil
    • 1932 – Dudley R. Herschbach, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1932 – Geoffrey Hill, English poet and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1933 – Colin Brumby, Australian composer and conductor (d. 2018)
    • 1933 – Tommy Hunt, American singer
    • 1934 – Brian Kenny, English general (d. 2017)
    • 1934 – Mitsuteru Yokoyama, Japanese author and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1936 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver (d. 1992)
    • 1936 – Barack Obama Sr., Kenyan economist (d. 1982)
    • 1936 – Ronald Venetiaan, Surinamese politician, 6th President of Suriname
    • 1937 – Del Harris, American basketball player and coach
    • 1937 – Jay Rockefeller, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of West Virginia
    • 1937 – Bruce Trigger, Canadian archaeologist, anthropologist and historian (d. 2006)
    • 1937 – Vitaly Zholobov, Ukrainian colonel, engineer, and astronaut
    • 1938 – Kevin Murray, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1939 – Lou Brock, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1939 – Jean-Claude Germain, Canadian historian, author, and journalist
    • 1939 – Brooks Firestone, American businessman and politician
    • 1941 – Roger Lemerre, French footballer and manager
    • 1941 – Paul Mayersberg, English director and screenwriter
    • 1941 – Delia Smith, English chef and author
    • 1942 – John Bellany, Scottish painter and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Roger Ebert, American journalist, critic, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Pat Hutchins, English author and illustrator
    • 1942 – Thabo Mbeki, South African politician, 23rd President of South Africa
    • 1942 – Paul McCartney, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1942 – Richard Perry, American record producer
    • 1942 – Carl Radle, American bass player and producer (d. 1980)
    • 1942 – Nick Tate, Australian actor and director
    • 1942 – Hans Vonk, Dutch conductor (d. 2004)
    • 1943 – Barry Evans, English actor (d. 1997)
    • 1943 – Raffaella Carrà, Italian singer, dancer, and actress
    • 1944 – Bruce DuMont, American broadcaster and political analyst
    • 1944 – Sandy Posey, American pop/country singer
    • 1946 – Russell Ash, English journalist and author (d. 2010)
    • 1946 – Bruiser Brody, American wrestler (d. 1988)
    • 1946 – Fabio Capello, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1946 – Maria Bethânia, Brazilian singer
    • 1947 – Ivonne Coll, Puerto Rican-American model and actress, Miss Puerto Rico 1967
    • 1947 – Bernard Giraudeau, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1947 – Linda Thorson, Canadian actress
    • 1948 – Philip Jackson, English actor
    • 1948 – Éva Marton, Hungarian soprano and actress
    • 1948 – Sherry Turkle, American academic, psychologist, and sociologist
    • 1949 – Chris Van Allsburg, American author and illustrator
    • 1949 – Jarosław Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1949 – Lech Kaczyński, Polish lawyer and politician, 4th President of Poland (d. 2010)
    • 1949 – Lincoln Thompson, Jamaican singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
    • 1950 – Rod de’Ath, Welsh drummer and producer (d. 2014)
    • 1950 – Annelie Ehrhardt, German hurdler
    • 1950 – Mike Johanns, American lawyer and politician, 28th United States Secretary of Agriculture
    • 1950 – Jackie Leven, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011)
    • 1951 – Mohammed Al-Sager, Kuwaiti journalist and politician
    • 1951 – Miriam Flynn, American actress and comedian
    • 1951 – Ian Hargreaves, English-Welsh journalist and academic
    • 1951 – Stephen Hopper, Australian botanist and academic
    • 1951 – Gyula Sax, Hungarian chess player (d. 2014)
    • 1952 – Tiiu Aro, Estonian physician and politician, Estonian Minister of Social Affairs
    • 1952 – Denis Herron, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1952 – Carol Kane, American actress
    • 1952 – Isabella Rossellini, Italian actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Lee Soo-man, South Korean singer and businessman, founded S.M. Entertainment
    • 1953 – Peter Donohoe, English pianist and educator
    • 1955 – Ed Fast, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1956 – Brian Benben, American actor and producer
    • 1956 – John Scott, English organist and conductor (d. 2015)
    • 1957 – Miguel Ángel Lotina, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1957 – Richard Powers, American novelist
    • 1958 – Peter Altmaier, German jurist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany
    • 1958 – Gary Martin, British voice actor and actor
    • 1959 – Joe Ansolabehere, American animation screenwriter and producer
    • 1960 – Barbara Broccoli, American director and producer
    • 1960 – Steve Murphy, Canadian journalist
    • 1961 – Oz Fox, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1961 – Andrés Galarraga, Venezuelan-American baseball player
    • 1961 – Angela Johnson, American novelist and poet
    • 1961 – Alison Moyet, English singer-songwriter
    • 1962 – Lisa Randall, American physicist and academic
    • 1963 – Dizzy Reed, American keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1963 – Bruce Smith, American football player
    • 1964 – Uday Hussein, Iraqi commander (d. 2003)
    • 1964 – Patti Webster, American publicist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1966 – Kurt Browning, Canadian figure skater, choreographer, and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Troy Kemp, Bahamian high jumper
    • 1968 – Frank Müller, German decathlete
    • 1969 – Haki Doku, Albanian cyclist
    • 1969 – Christopher Largen, American journalist and author (d. 2012)
    • 1970 – Katie Derham, English journalist
    • 1970 – Ivan Kozák, Slovak footballer
    • 1970 – Greg Yaitanes, American director and producer
    • 1971 – Kerry Butler, American actress and singer
    • 1971 – Jason McAteer, English-Irish footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Nathan Morris, American soul singer
    • 1972 – Anu Tali, Estonian pianist and conductor
    • 1972 – Wikus du Toit, South African actor, director, and composer
    • 1973 – Julie Depardieu, French actress
    • 1973 – Stephen Thomas Erlewine, American author and music critic
    • 1973 – Ray LaMontagne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1973 – Alexandra Meissnitzer, Austrian skier
    • 1973 – Matt Parsons, Australian rugby league player
    • 1973 – Gavin Wanganeen Australian footballer and coach
    • 1974 – Vincenzo Montella, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1974 – Sergey Sharikov, Russian fencer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1975 – Marie Gillain, Belgian actress
    • 1975 – Aleksandrs Koļinko, Latvian footballer
    • 1975 – Martin St. Louis, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Blake Shelton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – Wang Liqin, Chinese table tennis player
    • 1979 – Yumiko Kobayashi, Japanese voice actress and singer
    • 1979 – Ivana Wong, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1980 – Antonio Gates, American football player
    • 1980 – Sergey Kirdyapkin, Russian race walker
    • 1980 – Craig Mottram, Australian runner
    • 1980 – Antero Niittymäki, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Tara Platt, American actress, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1981 – Clint Newton, American-Australian rugby league player
    • 1981 – Marco Streller, Swiss footballer
    • 1982 – Nadir Belhadj, French-Algerian footballer
    • 1982 – Marco Borriello, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Nathan Cavaleri, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1983 – Billy Slater, Australian rugby league player
    • 1983 – Cameron Smith, Australian rugby league player
    • 1984 – Nanyak Dala, Canadian rugby player
    • 1985 – Chris Coghlan, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Alex Hirsch, American animator and television producer
    • 1986 – Edgars Eriņš, Latvian decathlete
    • 1986 – Richard Gasquet, French tennis player
    • 1987 – Omar Arellano, Mexican footballer
    • 1987 – Moeen Ali, English cricketer
    • 1988 – Elini Dimoutsos, Greek footballer
    • 1988 – Josh Dun, American musician
    • 1989 – Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, French-born Gabonese footballer
    • 1989 – Chris Harris Jr., American football player
    • 1990 – Luke Adam, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Sandra Izbașa, Romanian gymnast
    • 1990 – Derek Stepan, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Christian Taylor, American triple jumper
    • 1993 – Dennis Lloyd, Israeli musician, producer, singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist
    • 1994 – Sean McMahon, Australian rugby player
    • 1994 – Takeoff, American rapper
    • 1995 – Maxim Kovtun, Russian figure skater
    • 1996 – Alen Halilović, Croatian footballer
    • 1996 – Niki Wories, Dutch figure skater
    • 1997 – Katharina Hobgarski, German tennis player
    • 1997 – Latrell Mitchell, Australian rugby league player
    • 1999 – Trippie Redd, American rapper

    Deaths on June 18

    • 741 – Leo III the Isaurian, Byzantine emperor (b. 685)
    • 908 – Zhang Hao, general of Yang Wu
    • 1095 – Sophia of Hungary (b. c. 1050)
    • 1164 – Elisabeth of Schönau, German Benedictine visionary (b. c. 1129)
    • 1234 – Emperor Chūkyō of Japan (b. 1218)
    • 1250 – Theresa of Portugal, Queen of León
    • 1291 – Alfonso III of Aragon (b. 1265)
    • 1333 – Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1312)
    • 1464 – Rogier van der Weyden, Flemish painter (b. 1400)
    • 1588 – Robert Crowley, English minister and poet (b. 1517)
    • 1629 – Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch admiral (b. 1577)
    • 1650 – Christoph Scheiner, German priest, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1575)
    • 1673 – Jeanne Mance, French-Canadian nurse, founded the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal (b. 1606)
    • 1704 – Tom Brown, English author and translator (b. 1662)
    • 1726 – Michel Richard Delalande, French organist and composer (b. 1657)
    • 1742 – John Aislabie, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1670)
    • 1749 – Ambrose Philips, English poet and politician (b. 1674)
    • 1772 – Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German jurist and scholar (b. 1706)
    • 1772 – Gerard van Swieten, Dutch-Austrian physician and reformer (b. 1700)
    • 1788 – Adam Gib, Scottish religious leader (b. 1714)
    • 1794 – François Buzot, French lawyer and politician (b. 1760)
    • 1794 – James Murray, Scottish-English general and politician, 20th Governor of the Province of Quebec (b. 1721)
    • 1815 – Thomas Picton, Welsh-English general and politician (b. 1758)
    • 1833 – Robert Hett Chapman, American minister, missionary, and academic (b. 1771)
    • 1835 – William Cobbett, English farmer and journalist (b. 1763)
    • 1860 – Friedrich Wilhelm von Bismarck, German army officer and writer (b. 1783)
    • 1866 – Prince Sigismund of Prussia (b. 1864)
    • 1902 – Samuel Butler, English novelist, satirist, and critic (b. 1835)
    • 1905 – Carmine Crocco, Italian soldier (b. 1830)
    • 1916 – Max Immelmann, German lieutenant and pilot (b. 1890)
    • 1917 – Titu Maiorescu, Romanian critic and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1840)
    • 1922 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer and academic (b. 1851)
    • 1928 – Roald Amundsen, Norwegian pilot and explorer (b. 1872)
    • 1936 – Maxim Gorky, Russian novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1868)
    • 1937 – Gaston Doumergue, French politician, 13th President of France (b. 1863)
    • 1942 – Arthur Pryor, American trombonist, bandleader, and politician (b. 1870)
    • 1943 – Elias Degiannis, Greek commander (b. 1912)
    • 1945 – Florence Bascom, American geologist and educator (b. 1862)[10]
    • 1945 – Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., American general (b. 1886)
    • 1947 – Shigematsu Sakaibara, Japanese admiral (b. 1898)
    • 1948 – Edward Brooker, English-Australian politician, 31st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1891)
    • 1959 – Ethel Barrymore, American actress (b. 1879)
    • 1963 – Pedro Armendáriz, Mexican-American actor (b. 1912)
    • 1964 – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (b. 1890)
    • 1967 – Geki, Italian race car driver (b. 1937)
    • 1967 – Beat Fehr, Swiss race car driver (b. 1942)
    • 1971 – Thomas Gomez, American actor (b. 1905)
    • 1971 – Paul Karrer, Russian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
    • 1974 – Júlio César de Mello e Souza, Brazilian mathematician and academic (b. 1896)
    • 1974 – Georgy Zhukov, Russian marshal and politician, Minister of Defence for the Soviet Union (b. 1896)
    • 1975 – Hugo Bergmann, German-Israeli philosopher and author (b. 1883)
    • 1978 – Walter C. Alvarez, American physician and author (b. 1884)
    • 1980 – Terence Fisher, English director and screenwriter (b. 1904)
    • 1980 – André Leducq, French cyclist (b. 1904)
    • 1982 – Djuna Barnes, American novelist, journalist, and playwright (b. 1892)
    • 1982 – John Cheever, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1912)
    • 1982 – Curd Jürgens, German-Austrian actor and director (b. 1915)
    • 1984 – Alan Berg, American lawyer and radio host (b. 1934)
    • 1985 – Paul Colin, French illustrator (b. 1892)
    • 1986 – Frances Scott Fitzgerald, American journalist (b. 1921)
    • 1989 – I. F. Stone, American journalist and author (b. 1907)
    • 1992 – Kofoworola Abeni Pratt, the first black Chief Nursing Officer of Nigeria  (b. 1910)
    • 1992 – Peter Allen, Australian singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1944)
    • 1992 – Mordecai Ardon, Polish-Israeli painter and educator (b. 1896)
    • 1993 – Craig Rodwell, American activist, founded the Oscar Wilde Bookshop (b. 1940)
    • 1996 – Endel Puusepp, Estonian-Soviet military pilot and politician (b. 1909)
    • 1997 – Lev Kopelev, Ukrainian-German author and academic (b. 1912)
    • 1998 – Felix Knight, American actor and tenor (b. 1908)
    • 2000 – Nancy Marchand, American actress (b. 1928)
    • 2003 – Larry Doby, American baseball player and manager (b. 1923)
    • 2005 – Mushtaq Ali, Indian cricketer (b. 1914)
    • 2005 – Manuel Sadosky, Argentinian mathematician and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2006 – Vincent Sherman, American actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1906)
    • 2006 – Joseph Zobel, Martinique-French author (b. 1915)
    • 2007 – Bernard Manning, English comedian and actor (b. 1930)
    • 2007 – Hank Medress, American singer and producer (b. 1938)
    • 2007 – Georges Thurston, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
    • 2008 – Jean Delannoy, French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1908)
    • 2008 – Tasha Tudor, American author and illustrator (b. 1915)
    • 2008 – Hans Steinbrenner, German sculptor (b. 1928)
    • 2010 – Trent Acid, American wrestler (b. 1980)
    • 2010 – José Saramago, Portuguese novelist Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Okan Demiriş, Turkish composer (b. 1942)
    • 2011 – Yelena Bonner, Russian activist (b. 1923)
    • 2011 – Frederick Chiluba, Zambian politician, 2nd President of Zambia (b. 1943)
    • 2011 – Clarence Clemons, American saxophonist (b. 1942)
    • 2012 – Horacio Coppola, Argentinian photographer and director (b. 1906)
    • 2012 – Lina Haag, German author and activist (b. 1907)
    • 2012 – Tom Maynard, Welsh cricketer (b. 1989)
    • 2012 – Luis Edgardo Mercado Jarrín, Peruvian general and politician, 109th Prime Minister of Peru (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Alketas Panagoulias, Greek footballer and manager (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – William Van Regenmorter, American businessman and politician (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Brent F. Anderson, American engineer and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Alastair Donaldson, Scottish bass player (b. 1955)
    • 2013 – Garde Gardom, Canadian lawyer and politician, 26th Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Michael Hastings, American journalist and author (b. 1980)
    • 2013 – David Wall, English ballet dancer (b. 1946)
    • 2014 – Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist and engineer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Johnny Mann, American singer-songwriter and conductor (b. 1928)
    • 2014 – Claire Martin, Canadian author (b. 1914)
    • 2014 – Vladimir Popovkin, Russian general (b. 1957)
    • 2014 – Horace Silver, American pianist and composer (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Phil Austin, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1941)
    • 2015 – Ralph J. Roberts, American businessman, co-founded Comcast (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Danny Villanueva, American football player and broadcaster, co-founded Univision (b. 1937)
    • 2015 – Allen Weinstein, American historian and academic (b. 1937)
    • 2016 – Jeppiaar, Indian educationist, founder and chancellor of Sathyabama University (b. 1931)
    • 2018 – XXXTentacion, American rapper (b. 1998)
    • 2018 – Big Van Vader (also known as Vader) American professional wrestler (b. 1955)
    • 2018 – Jimmy Wopo, American rapper (b. 1997)
    • 2020 – Vera Lynn, English singer who was the “Forces’ Sweetheart” in World War II (b. 1917)

    Holidays and observances on June 18

    • Autistic Pride Day (International)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Bernard Mizeki (Anglican and Episcopal Church)
      • Elisabeth of Schönau
      • Gregorio Barbarigo
      • Leontius, Hypatius and Theodulus
      • Marina the Monk (Maronite Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria)
      • Mark and Marcellian
      • June 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Foundation Day (Benguet)
    • Human Rights Day (Azerbaijan)
    • National Day (Seychelles)
    • Queen Mother’s Birthday (Cambodia)
    • Waterloo Day (United Kingdom)

  • May 20 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church.
    • 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed Augusta is able to choose her successor for the Byzantine throne, after Zeno (late emperor) dies of dysentery.
    • 685 – The Battle of Dun Nechtain is fought between a Pictish army under King Bridei III and the invading Northumbrians under King Ecgfrith, who are decisively defeated.
    • 794 – While visiting the royal Mercian court at Sutton Walls with a view to marrying princess Ælfthryth, King Æthelberht II of East Anglia is taken captive and beheaded.
    • 1217 – The Second Battle of Lincoln is fought near Lincoln, England, resulting in the defeat of Prince Louis of France by William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke.
    • 1293 – King Sancho IV of Castile creates the Estudio de Escuelas de Generales in Alcalá de Henares.
    • 1449 – The Battle of Alfarrobeira is fought, establishing the House of Braganza as a principal royal family of Portugal.
    • 1497 – John Cabot sets sail from Bristol, England, on his ship Matthew looking for a route to the west (other documents give a May 2 date).
    • 1498 – Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama discovers the sea route to India when he arrives at Kozhikode (previously known as Calicut), India.
    • 1521 – Ignatius of Loyola is seriously wounded in the Battle of Pampeluna.
    • 1570 – Cartographer Abraham Ortelius issues Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, the first modern atlas.
    • 1609 – Shakespeare’s sonnets are first published in London, perhaps illicitly, by the publisher Thomas Thorpe.
    • 1631 – The city of Magdeburg in Germany is seized by forces of the Holy Roman Empire and most of its inhabitants massacred, in one of the bloodiest incidents of the Thirty Years’ War.
    • 1645 – Yangzhou massacre: The ten day massacre of 800,000 residents of the city of Yangzhou, part of the Transition from Ming to Qing.
    • 1741 – The Battle of Cartagena de Indias ends in a Spanish victory and the British begin withdrawal towards Jamaica with substantial losses.
    • 1775 – The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence is allegedly signed in Charlotte, North Carolina.
    • 1802 – By the Law of 20 May 1802, Napoleon Bonaparte reinstates slavery in the French colonies, revoking its abolition in the French Revolution.
    • 1813 – Napoleon Bonaparte leads his French troops into the Battle of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany, against the combined armies of Russia and Prussia. The battle ends the next day with a French victory.
    • 1840 – York Minster is badly damaged by fire.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: The state of Kentucky proclaims its neutrality, which will last until September 3 when Confederate forces enter the state. Meanwhile, the State of North Carolina secedes from the Union.
    • 1862 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln signs the Homestead Act into law, opening 84 million acres of public land to settlers.
    • 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Ware Bottom Church: In the Virginia Bermuda Hundred campaign, 10,000 troops fight in this Confederate victory.
    • 1873 – Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a U.S. patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
    • 1875 – Signing of the Metre Convention by 17 nations leading to the establishment of the International System of Units.
    • 1882 – The Triple Alliance between the German Empire, Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Italy is formed.
    • 1883 – Krakatoa begins to erupt; the volcano explodes three months later, killing more than 36,000 people.
    • 1891 – History of cinema: The first public display of Thomas Edison’s prototype kinetoscope.
    • 1902 – Cuba gains independence from the United States. Tomás Estrada Palma becomes the country’s first President.
    • 1927 – Treaty of Jeddah: The United Kingdom recognizes the sovereignty of King Ibn Saud in the Kingdoms of Hejaz and Nejd, which later merge to become the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
    • 1932 – Amelia Earhart takes off from Newfoundland to begin the world’s first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean by a female pilot, landing in Ireland the next day.
    • 1940 – The Holocaust: The first prisoners arrive at a new concentration camp at Auschwitz.
    • 1941 – World War II: Battle of Crete: German paratroops invade Crete.
    • 1948 – Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek wins the 1948 Republic of China presidential election and is sworn in as the first President of the Republic of China at Nanjing.
    • 1949 – In the United States, the Armed Forces Security Agency, the predecessor to the National Security Agency, is established.
    • 1956 – In Operation Redwing, the first United States airborne hydrogen bomb is dropped over Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.
    • 1964 – Discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation by Robert Woodrow Wilson and Arno Penzias.
    • 1967 – The Popular Movement of the Revolution political party is established in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
    • 1969 – The Battle of Hamburger Hill in Vietnam ends.
    • 1971 – In the Chuknagar massacre, Pakistani forces massacre thousands, mostly Bengali Hindus.
    • 1980 – In a referendum in Quebec, the population rejects, by 60% of the vote, a government proposal to move towards independence from Canada.
    • 1983 – First publications of the discovery of the HIV virus that causes AIDS in the journal Science by Luc Montagnier.
    • 1983 – Church Street bombing: A car bomb planted by Umkhonto we Sizwe explodes on Church Street in South Africa’s capital, Pretoria, killing 19 people and injuring 217 others.
    • 1985 – Radio Martí, part of the Voice of America service, begins broadcasting to Cuba.
    • 1989 – The Chinese authorities declare martial law in the face of pro-democracy demonstrations, setting the scene for the Tiananmen Square massacre.
    • 1990 – The first post-Communist presidential and parliamentary elections are held in Romania.
    • 1996 – Civil rights: The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Romer v. Evans against a law that would have prevented any city, town or county in the state of Colorado from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to protect the rights of gays and lesbians.
    • 2002 – The independence of East Timor is recognized by Portugal, formally ending 23 years of Indonesian rule and three years of provisional UN administration (Portugal itself is the former colonizer of East Timor until 1976).
    • 2012 – At least 27 people are killed and 50 others injured when a 6.0-magnitude earthquake strikes northern Italy.
    • 2013 – An EF5 tornado strikes the Oklahoma City suburb of Moore, killing 24 people and injuring 377 others.
    • 2019 – The International System of Units (SI): The base units are redefined, making the international prototype of the kilogram obsolete.

    Births on May 20

    • 1315 – Bonne of Luxembourg, first wife of John II of France (d. 1349)
    • 1470 – Pietro Bembo, Italian cardinal, poet, and scholar (d. 1547)
    • 1505 – Levinus Lemnius, Dutch writer (d. 1568)
    • 1531 – Thado Minsaw of Ava, Viceroy of Ava (d. 1584)
    • 1537 – Hieronymus Fabricius, Italian anatomist (d. 1619)
    • 1575 – Robert Heath, English judge and politician (d. 1649)
    • 1664 – Andreas Schlüter, German sculptor and architect (d. 1714)
    • 1726 – Francis Cotes, English painter and academic (d. 1770)
    • 1743 – Toussaint Louverture, Haitian revolutionary, general, and president (d. 1803)
    • 1759 – William Thornton, Virgin Islander-American architect, designed the United States Capitol (d. 1828)
    • 1769 – Andreas Vokos Miaoulis, Greek admiral and politician (d. 1835)
    • 1772 – Sir William Congreve, 2nd Baronet, English inventor and politician, developed Congreve rockets (d. 1828)
    • 1776 – Simon Fraser, American-Canadian fur trader and explorer (d. 1862)
    • 1795 – Pedro María de Anaya, Mexican soldier. President (1847-1848) (d. 1854)
    • 1799 – Honoré de Balzac, French novelist and playwright (d. 1850)
    • 1806 – John Stuart Mill, English economist, civil servant, and philosopher (d. 1873)
    • 1811 – Alfred Domett, English-New Zealand poet and politician, 4th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1887)
    • 1818 – William Fargo, American businessman and politician, co-founded Wells Fargo and American Express (d. 1881)
    • 1822 – Frédéric Passy, French economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1912)
    • 1824 – Cadmus M. Wilcox, Confederate States Army general (d. 1890)
    • 1825 – Antoinette Brown Blackwell, the first woman to be ordained as a mainstream Protestant minister in the U.S. (d. 1921)
    • 1830 – Hector Malot, French author (d. 1907)
    • 1838 – Jules Méline, French lawyer and politician, 65th Prime Minister of France (d. 1925)
    • 1851 – Emile Berliner, German-American inventor, invented the Gramophone record (d. 1929)
    • 1854 – George Prendergast, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Victoria (d. 1937)
    • 1856 – Henri-Edmond Cross, French Neo-Impressionist painter (d. 1910)
    • 1860 – Eduard Buchner, German chemist, zymologist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1917)
    • 1875 – Hendrik Offerhaus, Dutch rower (d. 1953)
    • 1877 – Pat Leahy, Irish-American jumper (d. 1927)
    • 1879 – Hans Meerwein, German chemist (d. 1965)
    • 1882 – Sigrid Undset, Danish-Norwegian novelist, essayist, and translator, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
    • 1883 – Faisal I of Iraq (d. 1933)
    • 1886 – Ali Sami Yen, Turkish footballer and manager, founded the Galatasaray Sports Club (d. 1951)
    • 1894 – Chandrashekarendra Saraswati, Indian guru and scholar (d. 1994)
    • 1895 – R. J. Mitchell, English engineer, designed the Supermarine Spitfire and Supermarine S.6B (d. 1937)
    • 1897 – Diego Abad de Santillán, Spanish economist and author (d. 1983)
    • 1897 – Malcolm Nokes, English hammer and discus thrower (d. 1986)
    • 1898 – Eduard Ole, Estonian painter (d. 1995)
    • 1899 – Aleksandr Deyneka, Russian painter and sculptor (d. 1969)
    • 1899 – John Marshall Harlan II, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1971)
    • 1900 – Sumitranandan Pant, Indian poet and author (d. 1977)
    • 1901 – Max Euwe, Dutch chess player, mathematician, and author (d. 1981)
    • 1901 – Doris Fleeson, American journalist (d. 1970)
    • 1904 – Margery Allingham, English author of detective fiction (d. 1966)
    • 1906 – Giuseppe Siri, Italian cardinal (d. 1989)
    • 1907 – Carl Mydans, American photographer and journalist (d. 2004)
    • 1908 – Henry Bolte, Australian politician, 38th Premier of Victoria (d. 1990)
    • 1908 – Louis Daquin, French actor and director (d. 1980)
    • 1908 – Francis Raymond Fosberg, American botanist and author (d. 1993)
    • 1908 – James Stewart, American actor (d. 1997)
    • 1911 – Gardner Fox, American author (d. 1986)
    • 1911 – Annie M. G. Schmidt, Dutch author and playwright (d. 1995)
    • 1913 – Teodoro Fernández, Peruvian footballer (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – William Redington Hewlett, American engineer, co-founded Hewlett-Packard (d. 2001)
    • 1915 – Peter Copley, English actor (d. 2008)
    • 1915 – Moshe Dayan, Israeli general and politician, 5th Israeli Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1981)
    • 1915 – Joff Ellen, Australian comedian and actor (d. 1999)
    • 1916 – Owen Chadwick, English rugby player, historian, and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1916 – Alexey Maresyev, Russian soldier and pilot (d. 2001)
    • 1916 – Ondina Valla, Italian sprinter and hurdler (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Tony Cliff, Israeli-English author and activist (d. 2000)
    • 1917 – Guy Favreau, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 28th Canadian Minister of Justice (d. 1967)
    • 1918 – Alexandra Boyko, Russian tank commander (d. 1996)
    • 1918 – Edward B. Lewis, American biologist, geneticist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – George Gobel, American comedian (d. 1991)
    • 1920 – John Cruickshank, Scottish lieutenant and banker, Victoria Cross recipient
    • 1921 – Wolfgang Borchert, German author and playwright (d. 1947)
    • 1921 – Hal Newhouser, American baseball player and scout (d. 1998)
    • 1921 – Hao Wang, Chinese-American logician, philosopher, and mathematician (d. 1995)
    • 1922 – Ted Hinton, Northern Irish international footballer (d. 1988)
    • 1923 – Edith Fellows, American actress (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Sam Selvon, Trinidad-born writer (d. 1994)
    • 1924 – David Chavchavadze, English-American CIA officer and author (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Zelmar Michelini, Uruguayan journalist and politician (d. 1976)
    • 1925 – Alexei Tupolev, Russian engineer, designed the Tupolev Tu-144 (d. 2001)
    • 1926 – Bob Sweikert, American race car driver (d. 1956)
    • 1927 – Bud Grant, American football player and coach
    • 1927 – David Hedison, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1927 – Franciszek Macharski, Polish cardinal (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Gilles Loiselle, Canadian politician and diplomat, 33rd Canadian Minister of Finance
    • 1930 – Sam Etcheverry, American football player and coach (d. 2009)
    • 1931 – Ken Boyer, American baseball player and manager (d. 1982)
    • 1931 – Louis Smith, American trumpeter (d. 2016)
    • 1933 – Constance Towers, American actress and singer
    • 1935 – José Mujica, Uruguayan guerrilla leader and politician, 40th President of Uruguay
    • 1936 – Anthony Zerbe, American actor
    • 1937 – Dave Hill, American golfer (d. 2011)
    • 1937 – Derek Lampe, English footballer
    • 1939 – Balu Mahendra, Sri Lankan-Indian director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1940 – Shorty Long, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1969)
    • 1940 – Stan Mikita, Slovak-Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (d. 2018)
    • 1940 – Sadaharu Oh, Japanese-Taiwanese baseball player and manager
    • 1941 – Goh Chok Tong, Singaporean politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Singapore
    • 1941 – John Strasberg, American actor and teacher
    • 1942 – Raymond Chrétien, Canadian lawyer and diplomat, Canadian Ambassador to the United States
    • 1942 – Lynn Davies, Welsh sprinter and long jumper
    • 1942 – Carlos Hathcock, American sergeant and sniper (d. 1999)
    • 1942 – Frew McMillan, South African tennis player
    • 1943 – Albano Carrisi, Italian singer, actor, and winemaker
    • 1943 – Deryck Murray, Trinidadian cricketer
    • 1944 – Joe Cocker, English singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
    • 1944 – Boudewijn de Groot, Indonesian-Dutch singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1944 – Keith Fletcher, English cricketer and manager
    • 1944 – Dietrich Mateschitz, Austrian businessman, co-founded Red Bull GmbH
    • 1945 – Vladimiro Montesinos, Peruvian intelligence officer
    • 1946 – Cher, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1946 – Bobby Murcer, American baseball player, coach, manager, and sportscaster (d. 2008)
    • 1947 – Steve Currie, English bass player (d. 1981)
    • 1947 – Greg Dyke, English journalist and academic
    • 1949 – Robert Morin, Canadian director, cinematographer, and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Michèle Roberts, English author and poet
    • 1949 – Dave Thomas, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Andy Johns, English-American engineer and producer (d. 2013)
    • 1950 – Reinaldo Merlo, Argentinian footballer and coach
    • 1951 – Thomas Akers, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut
    • 1951 – Christie Blatchford, Canadian newspaper columnist, journalist and broadcaster (d. 2020)
    • 1951 – Mike Crapo, American lawyer and politician
    • 1952 – Roger Milla, Cameroonian footballer and manager
    • 1952 – Michael Wills, English politician, British Minister of Justice
    • 1953 – Robert Doyle, Australian educator and politician, 103rd Lord Mayor of Melbourne
    • 1954 – David Paterson, American lawyer and politician, 55th Governor of New York
    • 1954 – Colin Sutherland, Lord Carloway, Scottish lawyer and judge
    • 1955 – Steve George, American keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1955 – Zbigniew Preisner, Polish composer and producer
    • 1956 – Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Norwegian-German author and critic
    • 1956 – Gerry Peyton, English born Irish international footballer and coach
    • 1956 – Douglas Preston, American journalist and author
    • 1957 – Yoshihiko Noda, Japanese lawyer and politician, 62nd Prime Minister of Japan
    • 1958 – Ron Reagan, American journalist and radio host
    • 1958 – Jane Wiedlin, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
    • 1959 – Susan Cowsill, American singer-songwriter
    • 1960 – Tony Goldwyn, American actor and director
    • 1961 – Clive Allen, English international footballer and manager
    • 1961 – Nick Heyward, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1963 – David Wells, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Kōichirō Genba, Japanese politician, 80th Japanese Minister for Foreign Affairs
    • 1964 – Edin Osmanović, Slovenian footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1964 – Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, English journalist and author
    • 1965 – Ted Allen, American television host and author
    • 1965 – Stu Grimson, Canadian ice hockey player, sportscaster, and lawyer
    • 1966 – Dan Abrams, American journalist and author
    • 1967 – Graham Brady, English politician
    • 1967 – Gabriele Muccino, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1968 – Timothy Olyphant, American actor and producer
    • 1969 – Road Dogg, American wrestler, producer, and soldier
    • 1970 – Terrell Brandon, American basketball player
    • 1970 – Louis Theroux, Singaporean-English journalist and producer
    • 1971 – Šárka Kašpárková, Czech triple jumper and coach
    • 1971 – Tony Stewart, American race car driver
    • 1972 – Michael Diamond, Australian shooter
    • 1972 – Christophe Dominici, French rugby player
    • 1972 – Busta Rhymes, American rapper, producer, and actor
    • 1973 – Nathan Long, Australian rugby league player
    • 1974 – Allison Amend, American novelist and short story writer
    • 1974 – Shiboprosad Mukherjee, Indian film director, writer and actor
    • 1975 – Juan Minujín, Argentinian actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Ramón Hernández, Venezuelan-American baseball player
    • 1976 – Tomoya Satozaki, Japanese baseball player
    • 1977 – Matt Czuchry, American actor
    • 1977 – Leo Franco, Argentinian footballer
    • 1977 – Angela Goethals, American actress
    • 1977 – Stirling Mortlock, Australian rugby player
    • 1977 – Vesa Toskala, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Hristos Banikas, Greek chess player
    • 1978 – Pavla Hamáčková-Rybová, Czech pole vaulter
    • 1978 – Nils Schumann, German runner
    • 1979 – Andrew Scheer, Canadian politician, 28th Leader of the Conservative Party of Canada
    • 1979 – Jayson Werth, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Austin Kearns, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Kassim Osgood, American football player
    • 1981 – Iker Casillas, Spanish footballer
    • 1981 – Rachel Platten, American singer and songwriter
    • 1981 – Lindsay Taylor, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Mark Winterbottom, Australian race car driver
    • 1982 – Petr Čech, Czech footballer
    • 1982 – Imran Farhat, Pakistani cricketer
    • 1982 – Jessica Raine, English actress
    • 1982 – Daniel Ribeiro, Brazilian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1983 – Óscar Cardozo, Paraguayan footballer
    • 1983 – Matt Langridge, English rower
    • 1984 – Mauro Rafael da Silva, Brazilian footballer
    • 1984 – Patrick Ewing, Jr., American basketball player
    • 1984 – Keith Grennan, American football player
    • 1985 – Chris Froome, Kenyan-English cyclist
    • 1985 – Brendon Goddard, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Dexter Blackstock, English footballer
    • 1986 – Stéphane Mbia, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1986 – Jiřina Svobodová, Czech pole vaulter
    • 1987 – Mike Havenaar, Japanese footballer
    • 1987 – Julian Wright, American basketball player
    • 1988 – Joel Moon, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Siosia Vave, Australian-Tongan rugby league player
    • 1991 – Bastian Baker, Swiss singer, songwriter, and performer
    • 1991 – Emre Colak, Turkish footballer
    • 1992 – Cate Campbell, Malawian-Australian swimmer
    • 1992 – Jack Gleeson, Irish actor
    • 1992 – Enes Kanter, Turkish basketball player
    • 1993 – Caroline Zhang, American figure skater
    • 1996 – Brian Kelly, Australian rugby league player
    • 1998 – Jamie Chadwick, English race car driver
    • 1998 – Nam Nguyen, Canadian figure skater

    Deaths on May 20

    • 685 – Ecgfrith of Northumbria (b. 645)
    • 794 – Æthelberht II, king of East Anglia
    • 965 – Gero the Great, Saxon ruler (b.c. 900)
    • 1062 – Bao Zheng, Chinese magistrate and mayor of Kaifeng (b. 999)
    • 1277 – Pope John XXI (b. 1215)
    • 1285 – John II of Jerusalem (b. 1259)
    • 1291 – Sufi Saint Sayyid Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari
    • 1366 – Maria of Calabria, Empress of Constantinople (b. 1329)
    • 1444 – Bernardino of Siena, Italian-Spanish missionary and saint (b. 1380)
    • 1449 – Álvaro Vaz de Almada, 1st Count of Avranches
    • 1449 – Infante Pedro, Duke of Coimbra (b. 1392)
    • 1501 – Columba of Rieti, Italian Dominican tertiary Religious Sister (b. 1467)
    • 1503 – Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de’ Medici, Italian banker and politician (b. 1463)
    • 1506 – Christopher Columbus, Italian explorer, discovered the Americas (b. 1451)
    • 1550 – Ashikaga Yoshiharu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1510)
    • 1579 – Isabella Markham, English courtier (b. 1527)
    • 1622 – Osman II, Ottoman sultan (b. 1604)
    • 1645 – Shi Kefa, Chinese general and calligrapher (b. 1601)
    • 1648 – Władysław IV Vasa, Polish son of Sigismund III Vasa (b. 1595)
    • 1677 – George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, Spanish-English politician, English Secretary of State (b. 1612)
    • 1713 – Thomas Sprat, English bishop (b. 1635)
    • 1717 – John Trevor, Welsh lawyer and politician, 102nd Speaker of the House of Commons (b. 1637)
    • 1722 – Sébastien Vaillant, French botanist and mycologist (b. 1669)
    • 1732 – Thomas Boston, Scottish author and educator (b. 1676)
    • 1782 – William Emerson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1701)
    • 1793 – Charles Bonnet, Swiss botanist and biologist (b. 1720)
    • 1812 – Count Hieronymus von Colloredo, Austrian archbishop (b. 1732)
    • 1834 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, French general (b. 1757)
    • 1841 – Joseph Blanco White, Spanish poet and theologian (b. 1775)
    • 1864 – John Clare, English poet (b. 1793)
    • 1873 – George-Étienne Cartier, Canadian soldier, lawyer, and politician, 9th Premier of East Canada (b. 1814)
    • 1880 – Ana Néri, Brazilian nurse and philanthropist (b. 1814)
    • 1896 – Clara Schumann, German pianist and composer (b. 1819)
    • 1909 – Ernest Hogan, American actor and composer (b. 1859)
    • 1917 – Valentine Fleming, Scottish soldier and politician (b. 1887)
    • 1917 – Philipp von Ferrary, Italian stamp collector (b. 1850)
    • 1924 – Bogd Khan, Mongolian ruler (c. 1869)
    • 1925 – Joseph Howard, Maltese politician, 1st Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1862)
    • 1931 – Ernest Noel, Scottish businessman and politician (b. 1831)
    • 1940 – Verner von Heidenstam, Swedish author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
    • 1942 – Hector Guimard, French Architect (b. 1867)
    • 1946 – Jacob Ellehammer, Danish pilot and engineer (b. 1871)
    • 1947 – Philipp Lenard, Slovak-German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
    • 1947 – Georgios Siantos, Greek sergeant and politician (b. 1890)
    • 1949 – Damaskinos of Athens, Greek archbishop and politician, 137th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1891)
    • 1956 – Max Beerbohm, English essayist, parodist, and caricaturist (b. 1872)
    • 1956 – Zoltán Halmay, Hungarian swimmer and trainer (b. 1881)
    • 1961 – Josef Priller, German colonel and pilot (b. 1915)
    • 1964 – Rudy Lewis, American singer (b. 1936)
    • 1971 – Waldo Williams, Welsh poet and academic (b. 1904)
    • 1973 – Renzo Pasolini, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1938)
    • 1973 – Jarno Saarinen, Finnish motorcycle racer (b. 1945)
    • 1975 – Barbara Hepworth, English sculptor and lithographer (b. 1903)
    • 1976 – Syd Howe, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1911)
    • 1976 – Zelmar Michelini, Uruguayan journalist and politician (b. 1924)
    • 1976 – Héctor Gutiérrez Ruiz, Uruguayan politician (b. 1934)
    • 1989 – John Hicks, English economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
    • 1989 – Gilda Radner, American actress and comedian (b. 1946)
    • 1995 – Les Cowie, Australian rugby league player (b. 1925)
    • 1996 – Jon Pertwee, English actor, portrayed the Third Doctor (b. 1919)
    • 1998 – Robert Normann, Norwegian guitarist (b. 1916)
    • 2000 – Jean-Pierre Rampal, French flute player (b. 1922)
    • 2000 – Malik Sealy, American basketball player and actor (b. 1970)
    • 2000 – Yevgeny Khrunov, Russian colonel, engineer, and astronaut (b. 1933)
    • 2001 – Renato Carosone, Italian singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist, biologist, and academic (b. 1941)
    • 2005 – Paul Ricœur, French philosopher and academic (b. 1913)
    • 2005 – William Seawell, American general (b. 1918)
    • 2007 – Norman Von Nida, Australian golfer (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Hamilton Jordan, American politician, 8th White House Chief of Staff (b. 1944)
    • 2009 – Arthur Erickson, Canadian architect and urban planner, designed Roy Thomson Hall (b. 1924)
    • 2009 – Lucy Gordon, American actress and model (b. 1980)
    • 2009 – Pierre Gamarra, French author, poet, and critic (b. 1919)
    • 2011 – Randy Savage, American wrestler and actor (b. 1952)
    • 2012 – Leela Dube, Indian anthropologist and scholar (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Robin Gibb, Manx-English singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1949)
    • 2012 – David Littman, English-Swiss historian, author, and academic (b. 1933)
    • 2012 – Ken Lyons, American bass guitarist (b. 1953)
    • 2012 – Eugene Polley, American engineer, invented the remote control (b. 1915)
    • 2012 – Andrew B. Steinberg, American lawyer (b. 1958)
    • 2013 – Flavio Costantini, Italian painter and illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2013 – Billie Dawe, Canadian ice hockey player and manager (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Anders Eliasson, Swedish composer (b. 1947)
    • 2013 – Miloslav Kříž, Czech basketball player and coach (b. 1924)
    • 2013 – Ray Manzarek, American singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (b. 1939)
    • 2013 – Denys Roberts, English judge and politician (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – Zach Sobiech, American singer-songwriter (b. 1995)
    • 2014 – Sandra Bem, American psychologist and academic (b. 1944)
    • 2014 – Ross Brown, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1934)
    • 2014 – Robyn Denny, English-French painter (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Arthur Gelb, American journalist, author, and critic (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Prince Rupert Loewenstein, Spanish-English businessman (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Barbara Murray, English actress (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Bob Belden, American saxophonist, composer, and producer (b. 1956)
    • 2015 – Femi Robinson, Nigerian actor and playwright (b. 1940)

    Holidays and observances on May 20

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abercius and Helena
      • Alcuin of York
      • Aurea of Ostia
      • Austregisilus
      • Baudilus
      • Bernardino of Siena
      • Ivo of Chartres
      • Lucifer of Cagliari
      • Sanctan
      • May 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Day of Remembrance (Cambodia)
    • Emancipation Day (Florida)
    • European Maritime Day (European Council)
    • Independence Restoration Day, celebrates the independence of East Timor from Indonesia in 2002.
    • Josephine Baker Day (NAACP)
    • National Awakening Day (Indonesia), and its related observances:
      • Indonesian Doctor Day (Indonesia)
    • National Day (Cameroon)
    • World Bee Day
    • World Metrology Day

  • May 4 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
    • 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus are condemned as heretics at the Council of Constance.
    • 1436 – Assassination of the Swedish rebel (later national hero) Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson
    • 1471 – Wars of the Roses: The Battle of Tewkesbury: Edward IV defeats a Lancastrian Army and kills Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales.
    • 1493 – Pope Alexander VI divides the New World between Spain and Portugal along the Line of Demarcation.
    • 1626 – Dutch explorer Peter Minuit arrives in New Netherland (present day Manhattan Island) aboard the See Meeuw.
    • 1686 – The Municipality of Ilagan is founded in the Philippines.
    • 1776 – Rhode Island becomes the first American colony to renounce allegiance to King George III.
    • 1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War: The Battle of Seringapatam: The siege of Seringapatam ends when the city is invaded and Tipu Sultan killed by the besieging British army, under the command of General George Harris.
    • 1814 – Emperor Napoleon arrives at Portoferraio on the island of Elba to begin his exile.
    • 1814 – King Ferdinand VII abolishes the Spanish Constitution of 1812, returning Spain to absolutism.
    • 1836 – Formation of Ancient Order of Hibernians
    • 1859 – The Cornwall Railway opens across the Royal Albert Bridge linking Devon and Cornwall in England.
    • 1869 – The Naval Battle of Hakodate is fought in Japan.
    • 1871 – The National Association, the first professional baseball league, opens its first season in Fort Wayne, Indiana.
    • 1886 – Haymarket affair: A bomb is thrown at policemen trying to break up a labor rally in Chicago, United States, killing eight and wounding 60. The police fire into the crowd.
    • 1904 – The United States begins construction of the Panama Canal.
    • 1910 – The Royal Canadian Navy is created.
    • 1912 – Italy occupies the Greek island of Rhodes.
    • 1919 – May Fourth Movement: Student demonstrations take place in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, protesting the Treaty of Versailles, which transferred Chinese territory to Japan.
    • 1926 – The United Kingdom general strike begins.
    • 1927 – The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is incorporated.
    • 1932 – In Atlanta, mobster Al Capone begins serving an eleven-year prison sentence for tax evasion.
    • 1942 – World War II: The Battle of the Coral Sea begins with an attack by aircraft from the United States aircraft carrier USS Yorktown on Japanese naval forces at Tulagi Island in the Solomon Islands. The Japanese forces had invaded Tulagi the day before.
    • 1945 – World War II: Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg is liberated by the British Army.
    • 1945 – World War II: The German surrender at Lüneburg Heath is signed, coming into effect the following day. It encompasses all Wehrmacht units in the Netherlands, Denmark and northwest Germany.
    • 1946 – In San Francisco Bay, U.S. Marines from the nearby Treasure Island Naval Base stop a two-day riot at Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary. Five people are killed in the riot.
    • 1949 – The entire Torino football team (except for two players who did not take the trip: Sauro Tomà, due to an injury and Renato Gandolfi, because of coach request) is killed in a plane crash.
    • 1953 – Ernest Hemingway wins the Pulitzer Prize for The Old Man and the Sea.
    • 1959 – The 1st Annual Grammy Awards are held.
    • 1961 – American civil rights movement: The “Freedom Riders” begin a bus trip through the South.
    • 1961 – Malcolm Ross and Victor Prather attain a new altitude record for manned balloon flight ascending in the Strato-Lab V open gondola to 113,740 feet (34.67 km).
    • 1970 – Vietnam War: Kent State shootings: The Ohio National Guard, sent to Kent State University after disturbances in the city of Kent the weekend before, opens fire killing four unarmed students and wounding nine others. The students were protesting the Cambodian Campaign of the United States and South Vietnam.
    • 1972 – The Don’t Make A Wave Committee, a fledgling environmental organization founded in Canada in 1971, officially changes its name to “Greenpeace Foundation”.
    • 1978 – The South African Defence Force attacks a SWAPO base at Cassinga in southern Angola, killing about 600 people.
    • 1979 – Margaret Thatcher becomes the first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
    • 1982 – Twenty sailors are killed when the British Type 42 destroyer HMS Sheffield is hit by an Argentinian Exocet missile during the Falklands War.
    • 1988 – The PEPCON disaster rocks Henderson, Nevada, as tons of Space Shuttle fuel detonate during a fire.
    • 1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Former White House aide Oliver North is convicted of three crimes and acquitted of nine other charges; the convictions are later overturned on appeal.
    • 1990 – Latvia proclaims the renewal of its independence after the Soviet occupation.
    • 1994 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasser Arafat sign a peace accord, granting self-rule in the Gaza Strip and Jericho.
    • 1998 – A federal judge in Sacramento, California, gives “Unabomber” Theodore Kaczynski four life sentences plus 30 years after Kaczynski accepts a plea agreement sparing him from the death penalty.
    • 2000 – Ken Livingstone becomes the first Mayor of London (an office separate from that of the Lord Mayor of London).
    • 2007 – Greensburg, Kansas is almost completely destroyed by a 1.7-mile wide EF5 tornado. It was the first-ever tornado to be rated as such with the new Enhanced Fujita scale.
    • 2014 – Three people are killed and 62 injured in a pair of bombings on buses in Nairobi, Kenya.

    Births on May 4

    • 1006 – Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1088)
    • 1008 – Henry I, king of France (d. 1060)
    • 1559 – Alice Spencer, English noblewoman (d. 1637)
    • 1634 – Katherine Ferrers, English aristocrat and heiress (d. 1660)
    • 1649 – Chhatrasal, Indian ruler (d. 1731)
    • 1654 – Kangxi Emperor, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty
    • 1655 – Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian instrument maker, invented the piano (d. 1731)
    • 1677 – Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, French noblewoman (d.1749)
    • 1715 – Richard Graves, English minister and author (d. 1804)
    • 1733 – Jean-Charles de Borda, French mathematician, physicist, and sailor (d. 1799)
    • 1752 – John Brooks, American soldier and politician, 11th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1825)
    • 1757 – Manuel Tolsá, Spanish sculptor and first director of the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City (d. 1816)
    • 1767 – Tyagaraja, Indian composer (d. 1847)
    • 1770 – François Gérard, French painter (d. 1837)
    • 1772 – Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus, German publisher (d. 1823)
    • 1796 – Horace Mann, American educator and politician (d. 1859)
    • 1796 – William Pennington, American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of New Jersey, 23rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1862)
    • 1796 – William H. Prescott, American historian and scholar (d. 1859)
    • 1820 – Julia Gardiner Tyler, American wife of John Tyler, 11th First Lady of the United States (d. 1889)
    • 1820 – John Whiteaker, American soldier, judge, and politician, 1st Governor of Oregon (d. 1902)
    • 1822 – Charles Boucher de Boucherville, Canadian physician and politician, 3rd Premier of Quebec (d. 1915)
    • 1825 – Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist, anatomist, and academic (d. 1895)
    • 1825 – Augustus Le Plongeon, English-American historian, photographer, and academic (d. 1908)
    • 1826 – Frederic Edwin Church, American painter (d. 1900)
    • 1827 – John Hanning Speke, English soldier and explorer (d. 1864)
    • 1851 – Thomas Dewing, American painter (d. 1938)
    • 1852 – Alice Liddell, English model (d. 1934)
    • 1855 – Greyfriars Bobby, faithful dog (d. 1872)
    • 1883 – Wang Jingwei, Chinese politician (d. 1944)
    • 1884 – Richard Baggallay, English army officer and cricketer (d. 1975)
    • 1887 – Andrew Dasburg, French-American painter (d. 1979)
    • 1889 – Francis Spellman, American cardinal (d. 1967)
    • 1890 – Franklin Carmichael, Canadian painter (d. 1945)
    • 1902 – Ronnie Aird, English cricketer and administrator (d. 1986)
    • 1902 – Cola Debrot, Dutch physician, lawyer, and politician (d. 1981)
    • 1903 – Luther Adler, American actor (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – Paul Demel, Czech actor (d. 1951)
    • 1905 – Al Dexter, American country singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1984)
    • 1906 – Gustav Bergmann, Austrian-American philosopher from the Vienna Circle (d. 1987)
    • 1907 – Lincoln Kirstein, American soldier and playwright, co-founded the New York City Ballet (d. 1996)
    • 1907 – Walter Walsh, American target shooter and FBI agent (d. 2014)
    • 1908 – Wolrad Eberle, German decathlete (d. 1949)
    • 1911 – Evald Seepere, Estonian boxer (d. 1990)
    • 1913 – John Broome, American author (d. 1999)
    • 1913 – Princess Katherine of Greece and Denmark (d. 2007)
    • 1914 – Maedayama Eigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 39th Yokozuna (d. 1971)
    • 1916 – Jane Jacobs, American-Canadian journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
    • 1916 – Richard Proenneke, American soldier, carpenter, and meteorologist (d. 2003)
    • 1917 – Edward T. Cone, American pianist and composer (d. 2004)
    • 1917 – Nick Joaquin, Filipino writer, journalist and historian (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Tom Mead, Australian journalist and politician (d. 2004)
    • 1918 – Kakuei Tanaka, Japanese soldier and politician, 64th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1993)
    • 1919 – Dory Funk, American wrestler and trainer (d. 1973)
    • 1919 – Basil Yamey, South African-English economist and academic
    • 1921 – Patsy Garrett, American actress and singer (d. 2015)
    • 1921 – John van Kesteren, Dutch-American tenor and actor (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Edo Murtić, Croatian painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2005)
    • 1922 – Paul-Émile Charbonneau, Canadian archbishop (d. 2014)
    • 1922 – Eugenie Clark, American biologist and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Stanley Biber, American soldier and physician (d. 2006)
    • 1923 – Ed Cassidy, American jazz and rock drummer (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer and producer (d. 1986)
    • 1923 – Eric Sykes, British actor and comedian (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – John Toner, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Jenő Buzánszky, Hungarian footballer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Maurice R. Greenberg, American businessman and philanthropist
    • 1926 – David Stoddart, Baron Stoddart of Swindon, English politician
    • 1928 – Maynard Ferguson, Canadian trumpet player and bandleader (d. 2006)
    • 1928 – Thomas Kinsella, Irish poet, translator, and publisher
    • 1928 – Hosni Mubarak, Egyptian air marshal and politician, 4th President of Egypt (d. 2020)
    • 1928 – Betsy Rawls, American golfer
    • 1928 – Wolfgang von Trips, German race car driver (d. 1961)
    • 1929 – Manuel Contreras, Chilean general (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Audrey Hepburn, Belgian-British actress and humanitarian (d. 1993)
    • 1930 – Katherine Jackson, matriarch of the Jackson family
    • 1930 – Roberta Peters, American soprano (d. 2017)
    • 1931 – Jan Pesman, Dutch speed skater (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Gennady Rozhdestvensky, Russian conductor and educator (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – Thomas Stuttaford, English physician, journalist, and politician (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – Harlon Hill, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1932 – Alexander MacAra, Scottish epidemiologist and academic (d. 2012)
    • 1933 – J. Fred Duckett, American journalist and educator (d. 2007)
    • 1936 – El Cordobés, Spanish bullfighter
    • 1936 – Med Hondo, Mauritanian filmmaker and actor (d. 2019)
    • 1937 – Ron Carter, American bassist and educator
    • 1937 – Dick Dale, American surf-rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1937 – Wim Verstappen, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1938 – Tyrone Davis, American blues and soul singer (d. 2005)
    • 1938 – Carlos Monsiváis, Mexican journalist, author, and critic (d. 2010)
    • 1938 – Gillian Tindall, English historian and author
    • 1939 – Neil Fox, English rugby league player and coach
    • 1939 – Amos Oz, Israeli journalist and author (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – Leon Rochefort, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1940 – Robin Cook, American physician and author
    • 1940 – Peter Gregg, American race car driver and businessman (d. 1980)
    • 1941 – George Will, American journalist and author
    • 1942 – Nickolas Ashford, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (d. 2011)
    • 1943 – Georgi Asparuhov, Bulgarian footballer (d. 1971)
    • 1943 – Mihail Chemiakin, Russian painter and sculptor
    • 1943 – Prasanta Pattanaik, Indian economist and academic
    • 1944 – Steve Liebmann, Australian radio and television host
    • 1944 – Russi Taylor, American voice actress (d. 2019)
    • 1945 – Jan Mulder, Dutch footballer and journalist
    • 1946 – John Barnard, English car designer
    • 1946 – Gary Bauer, American political activist
    • 1946 – John Watson, British race car driver
    • 1947 – John Bosley, Canadian businessman and politician, 31st Canadian Speaker of the House of Commons
    • 1947 – Ronald Sørensen, Dutch historian and politician
    • 1947 – Trivimi Velliste, Estonian politician, 17th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs
    • 1948 – Alison Britton, English sculptor and educator
    • 1948 – Hurley Haywood, American race car driver
    • 1948 – King George Tupou V of Tonga, (d. 2012)
    • 1949 – Graham Swift, English novelist and short story writer
    • 1950 – Darryl Hunt, English bass player
    • 1951 – Colin Bass, English bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1951 – Colleen Hanabusa, American lawyer and politician
    • 1951 – Jackie Jackson, American singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1952 – Belinda Green, Australian beauty queen and 1972 Miss World
    • 1953 – Pia Zadora, American actress and singer
    • 1954 – Ryan Cayabyab, Filipino pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1956 – Michael L. Gernhardt, American astronaut and engineer
    • 1956 – David Guterson, American novelist, short story writer, poet, and essayist
    • 1956 – Ken Oberkfell, American baseball player and coach
    • 1957 – Jaak Huimerind, Estonian architect
    • 1957 – Kathy Kreiner, Canadian skier
    • 1957 – Peter Sleep, Australian cricketer
    • 1957 – Marijke Vos, Dutch educator and politician
    • 1958 – Delbert Fowler, American football player
    • 1958 – Keith Haring, American painter (d. 1990)
    • 1958 – Jane Kennedy, English politician
    • 1958 – Caroline Spelman, English politician, Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
    • 1959 – Valdemaras Chomičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
    • 1959 – Randy Travis, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1959 – Bob Tway, American golfer
    • 1960 – Werner Faymann, Austrian politician, 28th Chancellor of Austria
    • 1961 – Jay Aston, English singer-songwriter and dancer
    • 1964 – Silvia Costa, Cuban high jumper
    • 1966 – Gary Elkins, English footballer and manager
    • 1966 – Jane McGrath, English-Australian activist, co-founded the McGrath Foundation (d. 2008)
    • 1967 – Kate Garraway, English journalist
    • 1967 – Ana Gasteyer, American actress and singer
    • 1969 – Micah Aivazoff, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1969 – Franz Resch, Austrian footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Gregg Alexander, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1970 – Will Arnett, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1970 – Giovanni Mirabassi, Italian jazz musician
    • 1970 – Dawn Staley, American basketball player
    • 1970 – Paul Wiseman, New Zealand cricketer and coach
    • 1971 – Joe Borowski, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Miles Stewart, Australian triathlete
    • 1972 – Manny Aybar, Dominican baseball player
    • 1972 – Mike Dirnt, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1973 – Matthew Barnaby, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
    • 1973 – Guillermo Barros Schelotto, Argentinian footballer and coach
    • 1973 – John Madden, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1974 – Miguel Cairo, Venezuelan baseball player and coach
    • 1974 – Tony McCoy, Northern Irish jockey and sportscaster
    • 1976 – Ben Grieve, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Rory Hamill, Northern Irish international footballer
    • 1976 – Jason Michaels, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Indrek Visnapuu, Estonian basketball player and coach
    • 1977 – John Tripp, Canadian-German ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Erin Andrews, American sportscaster and journalist
    • 1978 – Igor Biscan, Croatian footballer
    • 1978 – Brett Burton, Australian footballer
    • 1978 – Vladimíra Uhlířová, Czech tennis player
    • 1979 – Lance Bass, American singer, dancer, and producer
    • 1979 – Kristin Harmel, American journalist and author
    • 1979 – Marie Poissonnier, French pole vaulter
    • 1979 – Lesley Vainikolo, Tongan rugby player
    • 1980 – Andrew Raycroft, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Eric Djemba-Djemba, Cameroon footballer
    • 1981 – Dallon Weekes, American singer-songwriter and musician
    • 1982 – Kleopas Giannou, Greek footballer
    • 1982 – Markus Rogan, Austrian swimmer
    • 1982 – Giorgos Tsiaras, Greek basketball player
    • 1983 – Dan Christian, Australian cricketer
    • 1983 – Derek Roy, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1983 – Robert Zwinkels, Dutch footballer
    • 1984 – Manjural Islam Rana, Bangladeshi cricketer (d. 2007)
    • 1984 – Brad Maddox, American wrestler and referee
    • 1984 – Sarah Meier, Swiss figure skater
    • 1984 – Montell Owens, American football player
    • 1984 – Kevin Slowey, American baseball player
    • 1985 – Ravi Bopara, English cricketer
    • 1985 – Anthony Fedorov, Ukrainian-born American singer and actor
    • 1985 – Fernandinho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1985 – Lester “Bo” McCalebb, American-Macedonian professional basketball player
    • 1985 – Jamie Adenuga, English MC and rapper
    • 1986 – Devan Dubnyk, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1986 – George Hill, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Cesc Fàbregas, Spanish footballer
    • 1987 – Jorge Lorenzo, Spanish motorcycle racer
    • 1988 – Radja Nainggolan, Belgian footballer
    • 1989 – Dániel Gyurta, Hungarian swimmer
    • 1989 – Henna Lindholm, Finnish figure skater
    • 1989 – Rory McIlroy, Northern Irish golfer
    • 1989 – Aris Tatarounis, Greek basketball player
    • 1989 – James van Riemsdyk, American ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Irina Falconi, American tennis player
    • 1990 – Ryan Morgan, Australian rugby league player
    • 1990 – Duvashen Padayachee, Australian race car driver
    • 1990 – Andrea Torres, Filipino actress and model
    • 1991 – Brianne Jenner, Canadian women’s ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Victor Oladipo, American basketball player
    • 1993 – Jānis Bērziņš, Latvian basketball player
    • 1994 – Abi Masatora, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1994 – Joseph Tapine, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1996 – Pelayo Roza, Spanish sprint canoeist

    Deaths on May 4

    • 408 – Venerius, archbishop of Milan
    • 784 – Arbeo, bishop of Freising
    • 1003 – Herman II, duke of Swabia
    • 1038 – Gotthard of Hildesheim, German bishop (b. 960)
    • 1406 – Coluccio Salutati, chancellor of Florence (b. 1331)
    • 1436 – Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Swedish rebel leader
    • 1471 – Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, son and heir of Henry VI of England (b. 1453)
    • 1471 – Edmund Beaufort, 4th Duke of Somerset (b. 1438)
    • 1483 – George Neville, Duke of Bedford (b. 1457)
    • 1506 – Husayn Mirza Bayqara, Timurid ruler of Herat (b. 1438)
    • 1519 – Lorenzo de’ Medici, duke of Urbino (b. 1492)
    • 1535 – John Houghton, Carthusian monk and saint
    • 1562 – Lelio Sozzini, Italian Protestant theologian (b. 1525)
    • 1566 – Luca Ghini, Italian physician and botanist (b. 1490)
    • 1571 – Pierre Viret, Swiss theologian and reformer (b. 1511)
    • 1604 – Claudio Merulo, Italian organist and composer (b. 1533)
    • 1605 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (b. 1522)
    • 1615 – Adriaan van Roomen, Flemish priest and mathematician (b. 1561)
    • 1626 – Arthur Lake, English bishop and scholar (b. 1569)
    • 1677 – Isaac Barrow, English mathematician and theologian (b. 1630)
    • 1684 – John Nevison, English criminal (b. 1639)
    • 1729 – Louis Antoine de Noailles, French cardinal (b. 1651)
    • 1734 – James Thornhill, English painter and politician (b. 1675)
    • 1737 – Eustace Budgell, English journalist and politician (b. 1686)
    • 1774 – Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick, Prussian nobleman (b. 1714)
    • 1776 – Jacques Saly, French painter and sculptor (b. 1717)
    • 1790 – Matthew Tilghman, American politician (b. 1718)
    • 1799 – Tipu, ruler of Mysore (b. 1750)
    • 1811 – Nikolay Kamensky, Russian general (b. 1776)
    • 1816 – Samuel Dexter, American lawyer and politician, 4th United States Secretary of War, 3rd United States Secretary of the Treasury (b. 1761)
    • 1824 – Joseph Joubert, French author (b. 1754)
    • 1826 – Sebastián Kindelán y O’Regan, colonial governor of East Florida, Santo Domingo and Cuba (b. 1757)
    • 1839 – Denis Davydov, Russian general and poet (b. 1784)
    • 1858 – Aimé Bonpland, French botanist and explorer (b. 1773)
    • 1859 – Joseph Diaz Gergonne, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1771)
    • 1880 – Edward Clark, American lawyer and politician, 8th Governor of Texas (b. 1815)
    • 1901 – John Jones Ross, Canadian lawyer and politician, 7th Premier of Quebec (b. 1831)
    • 1903 – Gotse Delchev, Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary IMRO (b. 1872)
    • 1912 – Nettie Stevens, American geneticist credited with discovering sex chromosomes (b. 1861)
    • 1916 – Ned Daly, Irish rebel commander (Easter Rising) (b. 1891)
    • 1916 – John Murray, Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Victoria (b. 1851)
    • 1916 – Joseph Plunkett, Irish rebel and writer (b. 1887)
    • 1916 – Willie Pearse, Irish rebel (b. 1891)
    • 1919 – Milan Rastislav Štefánik, Slovak general and politician (b. 1880)
    • 1922 – Viktor Kingissepp, Estonian politician (b. 1888)
    • 1923 – Ralph McKittrick, American golfer and tennis player (b. 1877)
    • 1924 – E. Nesbit, English author and poet (b. 1858)
    • 1938 – Kanō Jigorō, Japanese founder of judo (b. 1860)
    • 1938 – Carl von Ossietzky, German journalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)
    • 1941 – Chris McKivat, Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1880)
    • 1945 – Fedor von Bock, German field marshal (b. 1880)
    • 1953 – Alexandre Pharamond, French rugby player (b. 1876)
    • 1955 – George Enescu, Romanian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1881)
    • 1964 – Karl Robert Pusta, Estonian politician, 4th Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1883)
    • 1969 – Osbert Sitwell, English-Italian author and poet (b. 1892)
    • 1972 – Edward Calvin Kendall, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)
    • 1973 – Jane Bowles, American author and playwright (b. 1917)
    • 1975 – Moe Howard, American actor, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1897)
    • 1976 – Frank Strahan, Australian public servant (b. 1886)
    • 1980 – Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav field marshal and politician, 1st President of Yugoslavia (b. 1892)
    • 1981 – C. Loganathan, Sri Lankan banker (b. 1913)
    • 1983 – Nino Sanzogno, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1911)
    • 1984 – Diana Dors, English actress (b. 1931)
    • 1985 – Fikri Sönmez, Turkish tailor and politician (b. 1938)
    • 1985 – Clarence Wiseman, English-Canadian 10th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1907)
    • 1987 – Paul Butterfield, American singer and harmonica player (b. 1942)
    • 1987 – Cathryn Damon, American actress (b. 1930)
    • 1988 – Lillian Estelle Fisher, American historian of Spanish America (b. 1891)
    • 1990 – Emily Remler, American guitarist (b. 1957)
    • 1991 – Mohammed Abdel Wahab, Egyptian singer-songwriter and mandolin player (b. 1902)
    • 1992 – Gregor Mackenzie, Scottish politician (b. 1927)
    • 1993 – France Štiglic, Slovenian film director and screenwriter (b. 1919)
    • 1995 – Connie Wisniewski, American baseball player (b. 1922)
    • 2000 – Hendrik Casimir, Dutch physicist and academic (b. 1909)
    • 2001 – Bonnie Lee Bakley, American model, wife of Robert Blake (b. 1956)
    • 2004 – David Reimer, Canadian victim of a botched circumcision and transgender reassignment surgery (b. 1965)
    • 2005 – David Hackworth, American colonel and journalist (b. 1930)
    • 2008 – Fred Baur, American chemist and founder of Pringles (b. 1918)
    • 2009 – Dom DeLuise, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1933)
    • 2011 – Sammy McCrory, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Mort Lindsey, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Bob Stewart, American television producer, founded Stewart Tele Enterprises (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Adam Yauch, American rapper and director (b. 1964)
    • 2012 – Rashidi Yekini, Nigerian footballer (b. 1963)
    • 2013 – Otis R. Bowen, American physician and politician, 44th Governor of Indiana (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Christian de Duve, English-Belgian cytologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Javier Diez Canseco, Peruvian sociologist and politician (b. 1948)
    • 2013 – Mario Machado, Chinese-American journalist and actor (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Morgan Morgan-Giles, English admiral and politician (b. 1914)
    • 2013 – César Portillo de la Luz, Cuban guitarist and composer (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Dick Ayers, American author and illustrator (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Elena Baltacha, Ukrainian-Scottish tennis player (b. 1983)
    • 2014 – Edgar Cortright, American scientist and engineer (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Helga Königsdorf, German physicist and author (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Ross Lonsberry, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1947)
    • 2014 – Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, Central African politician, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (b. 1948)
    • 2015 – William Bast, American screenwriter and author (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Ellen Albertini Dow, American actress (b. 1913)
    • 2015 – Marv Hubbard, American football player (b. 1946)
    • 2016 – Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, Burundian politician (b. 1946)
    • 2020 – Don Shula, American football player and coach (b. 1930)
    • 2020 – Greg Zanis, American carpenter and activist (b. 1950)

    Holidays and observances on May 4

    • Anti-Bullying Day (United Nations)
    • Bird Day (United States)
    • Cassinga Day (Namibia)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Blessed Ceferino Giménez Malla
      • Blessed Michal Giedroyc
      • English Saints and Martyrs of the Reformation Era (Church of England)
      • F. C. D. Wyneken (Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod)
      • Florian
      • Gotthard of Hildesheim
      • José María Rubio
      • Judas Cyriacus
      • Monica of Hippo (1960 Roman Catholic Calendar)
      • Sacerdos of Limoges
      • Venerius of Milan
      • May 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Dave Brubeck Day
    • Death of Milan Rastislav Štefánik Day (Slovakia)
    • Greenery Day (Japan)
    • International Firefighters’ Day
    • May Fourth Movement commemorations:
      • Literary Day (Republic of China)
      • Youth Day (China)
    • Remembrance Day for Martyrs and Disabled (Afghanistan)
    • Remembrance of the Dead (Netherlands)
    • Restoration of Independence day (Latvia)
    • Star Wars Day (International observance)
    • World Give Day
    • World Naked Gardening Day
    • Youth Day (Fiji)

  • May 1 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 475 BC – Roman consul Publius Valerius Poplicola celebrates a Roman triumph for his victory over Veii and the Sabines.
    • 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor.
    • 524 – King Sigismund of Burgundy is executed at Orléans after an eight-year reign and is succeeded by his brother Godomar.
    • 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.
    • 1169 – Norman mercenaries land at Bannow Bay in Leinster, marking the beginning of the Norman invasion of Ireland.
    • 1328 – Wars of Scottish Independence end: By the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton, England recognises Scotland as an independent state.
    • 1455 – Battle of Arkinholm, Royal forces end the Black Douglas hegemony in Scotland.
    • 1576 – Stephen Báthory, the reigning Prince of Transylvania, marries Anna Jagiellon and they become co-rulers of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
    • 1707 – The Act of Union joining England and Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain takes effect.
    • 1753 – Publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus, and the formal start date of plant taxonomy adopted by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.
    • 1759 – Josiah Wedgwood founds the Wedgwood pottery company in Great Britain
    • 1776 – Establishment of the Illuminati in Ingolstadt, Upper Bavaria, by Jesuit-taught Adam Weishaupt.
    • 1778 – American Revolution: The Battle of Crooked Billet begins in Hatboro, Pennsylvania.
    • 1786 – In Vienna, Austria, Mozart’s opera The Marriage of Figaro is performed for the first time.
    • 1794 – War of the Pyrenees: The Battle of Boulou ends, in which French forces defeat the Spanish and regain nearly all the land they lost to Spain in 1793.
    • 1820 – Execution of the Cato Street Conspirators, who plotted to kill the British Cabinet and Prime Minister Lord Liverpool.
    • 1840 – The Penny Black, the first official adhesive postage stamp, is issued in the United Kingdom.
    • 1844 – Hong Kong Police Force, the world’s second modern police force and Asia’s first, is established.
    • 1846 – The few remaining Mormons left in Nauvoo, Illinois, formally dedicate the Nauvoo Temple.
    • 1851 – Queen Victoria opens The Great Exhibition at The Crystal Palace in London.
    • 1856 – The Province of Isabela was created in the Philippines in honor of Queen Isabela II.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: The Union Army completes its capture of New Orleans.
    • 1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville begins.
    • 1865 – The Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay sign the Treaty of the Triple Alliance.
    • 1866 – The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
    • 1875 – Alexandra Palace reopens after being burned down in a fire in 1873.
    • 1884 – The Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions demands the eight-hour work day in the United States.
    • 1884 – Moses Fleetwood Walker becomes the first black person to play in a professional baseball game in the United States.
    • 1885 – The original Chicago Board of Trade Building opens for business.
    • 1886 – Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers’ Day in many countries.
    • 1893 – The World’s Columbian Exposition opens in Chicago.
    • 1894 – Coxey’s Army, the first significant American protest march, arrives in Washington, D.C.
    • 1898 – Spanish–American War: Battle of Manila Bay: The Asiatic Squadron of the United States Navy destroys the Pacific Squadron of the Spanish Navy after a seven-hour battle. Spain loses all seven of its ships, and 381 Spanish sailors die. There are no American vessel losses or combat deaths.
    • 1900 – The Scofield Mine disaster kills over 200 men in Scofield, Utah in what is to date the fifth-worst mining accident in United States history.
    • 1915 – The RMS Lusitania departs from New York City on her 202nd, and final, crossing of the North Atlantic. Six days later, the ship is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland with the loss of 1,198 lives.
    • 1919 – German troops enter Munich to suppress the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
    • 1925 – The All-China Federation of Trade Unions is officially founded. Today it is the largest trade union in the world, with 134 million members.
    • 1927 – The Union Labor Life Insurance Company is founded by the American Federation of Labor.
    • 1929 – The 7.2 Mw  Kopet Dag earthquake shakes the Iran–Turkmenistan border region with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing up to 3,800 and injuring 1,121.
    • 1930 – “Pluto” is officially proposed for the name of the newly-discovered dwarf planet Pluto by Vesto Slipher in the Lowell Observatory Observation Circular. The name quickly catches on.
    • 1931 – The Empire State Building is dedicated in New York City.
    • 1941 – World War II: German forces launch a major attack during the siege of Tobruk.
    • 1944 – World War II: Two hundred Communist prisoners are shot by the Germans at Kaisariani, Athens in reprisal for the killing of General Franz Krech by partisans at Molaoi.
    • 1945 – World War II: A German newsreader officially announces that Adolf Hitler has “fallen at his command post in the Reich Chancellery fighting to the last breath against Bolshevism and for Germany”. The Soviet flag is raised over the Reich Chancellery, by order of Stalin.
    • 1945 – World War II: Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda commit suicide in the Reich Garden outside the Führerbunker. Their children are also killed by having cyanide pills inserted into their mouths by their mother, Magda.
    • 1945 – World War II: Forces of the Soviet Red Army liberate Allied prisoners of war imprisoned at Stalag Luft I near Barth, Germany.
    • 1945 – World War II: Up to 2,500 people die in a mass suicide in Demmin following the advance of the Red Army.
    • 1945 – World War II: Yugoslav Partisans liberate Trieste.
    • 1946 – Start of three-year Pilbara strike of Indigenous Australians.
    • 1946 – The Paris Peace Conference concludes that the islands of the Dodecanese should be returned to Greece by Italy.
    • 1947 – Portella della Ginestra massacre against May Day celebrations in Sicily by the bandit and separatist leader Salvatore Giuliano where 11 persons are killed and 33 wounded.
    • 1956 – The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is made available to the public.
    • 1956 – A doctor in Japan reports an “epidemic of an unknown disease of the central nervous system”, marking the official discovery of Minamata disease.
    • 1957 – Thirty-four people are killed when a Vickers Viking airliner crashes in Hampshire, England.
    • 1960 – Formation of the western Indian states of Gujarat and Maharashtra; also known as “Maharashtra Day”.
    • 1960 – Cold War: U-2 incident: Francis Gary Powers, in a Lockheed U-2 spyplane, is shot down over the Sverdlovsk Oblast, Soviet Union, sparking a diplomatic crisis.
    • 1961 – The Prime Minister of Cuba, Fidel Castro, proclaims Cuba a socialist nation and abolishes elections.
    • 1965 – Cross-Strait relations: Battle of Dong-Yin, a naval conflict between the Republic of China and the People’s Republic of China, takes place.
    • 1967 – Elvis Presley and Priscilla Beaulieu are married in Las Vegas.
    • 1970 – Vietnam War: Protests erupt following the announcement by Richard Nixon that the U.S. and South Vietnamese forces would attack Vietnamese communists in a Cambodian Campaign.
    • 1971 – Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) takes over operation of U.S. passenger rail service.
    • 1974 – The Argentine terrorist organization Montoneros is expelled from Plaza de Mayo by president Juan Perón.
    • 1977 – Thirty-six people are killed in Taksim Square, Istanbul, during the Labour Day celebrations.
    • 1978 – Japan’s Naomi Uemura, travelling by dog sled, becomes the first person to reach the North Pole alone.
    • 1982 – Operation Black Buck: The Royal Air Force attacks the Argentine Air Force during Falklands War.
    • 1983 – The Sydney Entertainment Centre is opened.
    • 1987 – Pope John Paul II beatifies Edith Stein, a Jewish-born Carmelite nun who was gassed in the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz.
    • 1989 – Disney-MGM Studios opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
    • 1990 – The former Philippine Episcopal Church (supervised by the Episcopal Church of the United States of America) is granted full autonomy and raised to the status of an Autocephalous Anglican Province and renamed the Episcopal Church in the Philippines.
    • 1993 – Dingiri Banda Wijetunga became president of Sri Lanka automatically after killing of R Premadasa in LTTE bomb explosion.
    • 1994 – Three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna is killed in an accident whilst leading the San Marino Grand Prix at Imola.
    • 1995 – Croatian War of Independence: Croatian forces launch Operation Flash.
    • 1999 – The body of British climber George Mallory is found on Mount Everest, 75 years after his disappearance in 1924
    • 1999 – SpongeBob SquarePants premieres on Nickelodeon.
    • 2001 – Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo declares the existence of “a state of rebellion”, hours after thousands of supporters of her arrested predecessor, Joseph Estrada, storm towards the presidential palace at the height of the EDSA III rebellion.
    • 2002 – OpenOffice.org released version 1.0, the first stable version of the software.
    • 2003 – Invasion of Iraq: In what becomes known as the “Mission Accomplished” speech, on board the USS Abraham Lincoln (off the coast of California), U.S. President George W. Bush declares that “major combat operations in Iraq have ended”.
    • 2004 – Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia join the European Union, celebrated at the residence of the Irish President in Dublin.
    • 2009 – Same-sex marriage is legalized in Sweden.
    • 2011 – Pope John Paul II is beatified by his successor, Pope Benedict XVI.
    • 2019 – Naxalite attack in Gadchiroli district of India: Sixteen army soldiers, including a driver, killed in an IED blast. Naxals targeted an anti-Naxal operations team.

    Births on May 1

    • 1218 – John I, Count of Hainaut (d. 1257)
    • 1218 – Rudolf I of Germany (d. 1291)
    • 1285 – Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1326)
    • 1326 – Rinchinbal Khan, Mongolian emperor (d. 1332)
    • 1488 – Sidonie of Bavaria, eldest daughter of Duke Albrecht IV of Bavaria-Munich (d. 1505)
    • 1527 – Johannes Stadius, German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. 1579)
    • 1545 – Franciscus Junius, French theologian (d. 1602)
    • 1579 – Wolphert Gerretse, Dutch-American farmer, co-founded New Netherland (d. 1662)
    • 1582 – Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (d. 1643)
    • 1585 – Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, Belarusian saint (d. 1612)
    • 1591 – Johann Adam Schall von Bell, German missionary and astronomer (d. 1666)
    • 1594 – John Haynes, English-American politician, 1st Governor of the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1653)
    • 1602 – William Lilly, English astrologer (d. 1681)
    • 1672 – Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician (d. 1719)
    • 1730 – Joshua Rowley, English admiral (d. 1790)
    • 1735 – Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen, Dutch admiral and philanthropist (d. 1819)
    • 1751 – Judith Sargent Murray, American poet and playwright (d. 1820)
    • 1764 – Benjamin Henry Latrobe, English-American architect, designed the United States Capitol (d. 1820)
    • 1769 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Irish-English field marshal and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1852)
    • 1783 – Phoebe Hinsdale Brown, American hymnwriter (d. 1861)
    • 1803 – James Clarence Mangan, Irish poet and author (d. 1849)
    • 1821 – Henry Ayers, English-Australian politician, 8th Premier of South Australia (d. 1897)
    • 1824 – Alexander William Williamson, English chemist and academic (d. 1904)
    • 1825 – Johann Jakob Balmer, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1898)
    • 1825 – George Inness, American painter and educator (d. 1894)
    • 1827 – Jules Breton, French painter (d. 1906)
    • 1829 – José de Alencar, Brazilian author and playwright (d. 1877)
    • 1829 – Frederick Sandys, English painter and illustrator (d. 1904)
    • 1830 – Guido Gezelle, Belgian priest and poet (d. 1899)
    • 1831 – Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and activist (d. 1903)
    • 1847 – Henry Demarest Lloyd, American journalist and politician (d. 1903)
    • 1848 – Adelsteen Normann, Norwegian painter (d. 1919)
    • 1850 – Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (d. 1942)
    • 1851 – Laza Lazarević, Serbian psychiatrist and neurologist (d. 1891)
    • 1852 – Calamity Jane, American frontierswoman and professional scout (d. 1903)
    • 1852 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish neuroscientist and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1934)
    • 1853 – Jacob Mikhailovich Gordin, Jewish Ukrainian-American journalist, actor, and playwright (d. 1909)
    • 1855 – Cecilia Beaux, American painter and academic (d. 1942)
    • 1857 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch art dealer (d. 1891)
    • 1859 – Jacqueline Comerre-Paton, French painter and sculptor (d. 1955)
    • 1862 – Marcel Prévost, French novelist and playwright (d. 1941)
    • 1864 – Anna Jarvis, American founder of Mother’s Day (d. 1948)
    • 1871 – Seakle Greijdanus, Dutch theologian and scholar (d. 1948)
    • 1871 – Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, President of Nicaragua (d. 1966)
    • 1872 – Hugo Alfvén, Swedish composer, conductor, violinist, and painter (d. 1960)
    • 1872 – Sidónio Pais, Portuguese soldier and politician, 4th President of Portugal (d. 1918)
    • 1874 – Romaine Brooks, American-French painter and illustrator (d. 1970)
    • 1874 – Paul Van Asbroeck, Belgian target shooter (d. 1959)
    • 1875 – Dave Hall, American runner (d. 1972)
    • 1881 – Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest, palaeontologist, and philosopher (d. 1955)
    • 1884 – Francis Curzon, 5th Earl Howe, English race car driver and politician (d. 1964)
    • 1885 – Clément Pansaers, Belgian poet (d. 1922)
    • 1885 – Ralph Stackpole, American sculptor and painter (d. 1973)
    • 1887 – Alan Cunningham, Anglo-Irish general and diplomat, High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan (d. 1983)
    • 1890 – Clelia Lollini, Italian physician (d. 1963 or 1964)
    • 1891 – Lillian Estelle Fisher, American historian of Spanish America (d. 1988)
    • 1895 – Nikolai Yezhov, Soviet secret police official, head of the NKVD (d. 1940)
    • 1895 – May Hollinworth, Australian theatre producer and director (d. 1968)
    • 1896 – Herbert Backe, German agronomist and politician (d. 1947)
    • 1896 – Mark W. Clark, American general (d. 1984)
    • 1896 – J. Lawton Collins, American general (d. 1987)
    • 1898 – Alfred Schmidt, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1972)
    • 1900 – Ignazio Silone, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1978)
    • 1900 – Aleksander Wat, Polish poet and writer (d. 1967)
    • 1901 – Sterling Allen Brown, American poet, academic, and critic (d. 1989)
    • 1901 – Heinz Eric Roemheld, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1985)
    • 1901 – Antal Szerb, Hungarian scholar and author (d. 1945)
    • 1905 – Henry Koster, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1988)
    • 1906 – Horst Schumann, German SS officer and physician (d. 1983)
    • 1907 – Hayes Alvis, American bassist (d. 1972)
    • 1907 – Kate Smith, American singer and actress (d. 1986)
    • 1908 – Giovannino Guareschi, Italian journalist and author (d. 1968)
    • 1908 – Morris Kline, American mathematician and academic (d. 1992)
    • 1909 – Endel Puusepp, Estonian-Soviet military pilot and politician (d. 1996)
    • 1909 – Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1990)
    • 1910 – Behice Boran, Turkish sociologist and politician (d. 1987)
    • 1910 – Raya Dunayevskaya, Ukrainian-American philosopher and activist (d. 1987)
    • 1910 – Dirk Andries Flentrop, Dutch organ builder (d. 2003)
    • 1910 – J. Allen Hynek, American astronomer and ufologist (d. 1986)
    • 1910 – Nejdet Sançar, Turkish literature teacher (d. 1975)
    • 1911 – Wilfred Watson, English-Canadian poet, playwright and educator (d. 1998)
    • 1912 – Otto Kretschmer, German admiral (d. 1998)
    • 1913 – Louis Nye, American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1913 – Walter Susskind, Czech-English pianist, conductor, and educator (d. 1980)
    • 1914 – Jaap van der Poll, Dutch javelin thrower (d. 2010)
    • 1915 – Hanns Martin Schleyer, German businessman (d. 1977)
    • 1916 – Antoni Bazaniak, Polish sprint canoeist (d. 1979)
    • 1916 – Glenn Ford, Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – John Beradino, American baseball player and actor (d. 1996)
    • 1917 – Ulric Cross, Trinidadian navigator, judge, and diplomat (d. 2013)
    • 1917 – Danielle Darrieux, French actress and singer (d. 2017)
    • 1917 – Ahron Soloveichik, Russian rabbi and scholar (d. 2001)
    • 1918 – Gersh Budker, Ukrainian-Russian physicist and academic (d. 1977)
    • 1918 – Jack Paar, American comedian, author and talk show host (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Manna Dey, Indian singer and composer (d. 2013)
    • 1919 – Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Moroccan businessman and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Morocco (d. 2018)
    • 1919 – Dan O’Herlihy, Irish-American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1921 – Vladimir Colin, Romanian journalist and author (d. 1991)
    • 1922 – Alastair Gillespie, Canadian scholar and politician (d. 2018)
    • 1923 – Joseph Heller, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1999)
    • 1923 – Antônio Maria Mucciolo, Italian-Brazilian archbishop (d. 2012)
    • 1923 – Marcel Rayman, Polish soldier (d. 1944)
    • 1924 – Evelyn Boyd Granville, American mathematician, computer scientist, and academic
    • 1924 – Karel Kachyňa, Czech director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – Terry Southern, American novelist, essayist, and screenwriter (d. 1995)
    • 1925 – Chuck Bednarik, American lieutenant and football player (d. 2015)
    • 1925 – Scott Carpenter, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Sardar Fazlul Karim, Bangladeshi philosopher, scholar, and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Peter Lax, Hungarian-American mathematician and academic
    • 1927 – Gary Bertini, Israeli conductor and composer (d. 2005)
    • 1927 – Laura Betti, Italian actress (d. 2004)
    • 1927 – Albert Zafy, Malagasy politician, 3rd President of Madagascar (d. 2017)
    • 1927 – Bernard Vukas, Yugoslav-Croatian footballer (d. 1983)
    • 1928 – Sonny James, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
    • 1928 – Delfim Netto, Brazilian economist
    • 1929 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German-English sociologist and politician (d. 2009)
    • 1929 – Sonny Ramadhin, Trinidadian cricketer
    • 1930 – Ollie Matson, American sprinter and football player (d. 2011)
    • 1930 – Richard Riordan, American lieutenant and politician, 39th Mayor of Los Angeles and publisher
    • 1930 – Little Walter Jacobs, American blues harp player and singer (d. 1968)
    • 1931 – Naim Attallah, Palestinian author
    • 1932 – Sandy Woodward, English admiral (d. 2013)
    • 1932 – Tabibar Rahman Sarder, Bangladeshi politician. (d. 2010)
    • 1934 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Mexican politician
    • 1934 – Tang Chang, Thai artist (d. 1990)
    • 1934 – Shirley Horn, American singer and pianist (d. 2005)
    • 1934 – Phillip King, Tunisian-English sculptor
    • 1934 – John Meillon, Australian actor (d. 1989)
    • 1936 – Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (d. 2006)
    • 1936 – Hans E. Wallman, Swedish director, producer, and composer (d. 2014)
    • 1937 – Una Stubbs, English actress and dancer
    • 1939 – Judy Collins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1939 – Wilhelmina Cooper, Dutch model (d. 1980)
    • 1939 – Victor Davies, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1943 – Vassal Gadoengin, Nauruan politician (d. 2004)
    • 1943 – Joe Walsh, Irish politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (d. 2014)
    • 1945 – Rita Coolidge, American singer-songwriter
    • 1945 – Carson Whitsett, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (d. 2007)
    • 1946 – Joanna Lumley, English actress, voice-over artist, author, and activist
    • 1946 – John Woo, Hong Kong director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – Jacob Bekenstein, Mexican-born Israeli-American theoretical physicist (d. 2015)
    • 1947 – Sergio Infante, Chilean-Swedish poet and author
    • 1948 – Györgyi Balogh, Hungarian sprinter
    • 1948 – Patricia Hill Collins, American sociologist and scholar
    • 1949 – Jim Clench, Canadian bass player (d. 2010)
    • 1949 – Tim Hodgkinson, English saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer
    • 1949 – Paul Teutul, Sr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers
    • 1950 – Dann Florek, American actor and director
    • 1950 – Danny McGrain, Scottish footballer and coach
    • 1951 – Gordon Greenidge, Barbadian cricketer and coach
    • 1951 – Geoff Lees, English race car driver
    • 1951 – Sally Mann, American photographer
    • 1952 – Richard Blundell, English economist and academic
    • 1952 – Kim Lewison, English lawyer and judge
    • 1952 – Peter Smith, Malaysian-born English academic and judge
    • 1953 – Glen Ballard, American songwriter and producer
    • 1954 – Ray Parker, Jr., American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1954 – Joel Rosenberg, Canadian-American author and activist (d. 2011)
    • 1955 – Alex Cunningham, Scottish politician
    • 1955 – Martin O’Donnell, American composer
    • 1955 – Ray Searage, American baseball player and coach
    • 1956 – Catherine Frot, French actress
    • 1956 – Phil Foglio, American illustrator
    • 1957 – Rick Darling, Australian cricketer
    • 1957 – Uberto Pasolini, Italian banker, director, and producer
    • 1959 – Yasmina Reza, French actress and playwright
    • 1959 – Lawrence Seeff, South African cricketer and basket weaver
    • 1960 – Steve Cauthen, American jockey and sportscaster
    • 1961 – Sultan Günal-Gezer, Dutch politician
    • 1961 – Clint Malarchuk, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1961 – Marilyn Milian, American judge
    • 1961 – Vasiliy Sidorenko, Russian hammer thrower
    • 1962 – Maia Morgenstern, Romanian actress
    • 1962 – Ted Sundquist, American football player, coach, and manager
    • 1964 – Yvonne van Gennip, Dutch speed skater
    • 1966 – Olaf Thon, German footballer and manager
    • 1967 – Tim McGraw, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1968 – Oliver Bierhoff, German footballer and manager
    • 1968 – D’arcy Wretzky, American bass player and singer
    • 1969 – Wes Anderson, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1969 – Mary Lou McDonald, Irish politician
    • 1969 – Billy Owens, American basketball player
    • 1970 – Bernard Butler, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1971 – Ethan Albright, American football player
    • 1971 – Stuart Appleby, Australian golfer
    • 1971 – Kim Grant, South African tennis player
    • 1971 – Artur Kohutek, Polish hurdler and soldier
    • 1971 – Ajith Kumar, Indian film actor in Tamil cinema and race car driver
    • 1972 – Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Yemeni terrorist
    • 1972 – Julie Benz, American actress
    • 1972 – Yoon Hae-young, South Korean actress
    • 1973 – Peter Baah, English footballer and manager
    • 1973 – Mike Jesse, German footballer
    • 1973 – Curtis Martin, American football player
    • 1973 – Oliver Neuville, German footballer
    • 1975 – Austin Croshere, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroonian footballer (d. 2003)
    • 1975 – Nina Hossain, English journalist
    • 1975 – Alexey Smertin, Russian international footballer
    • 1976 – Patricia Stokkers, Dutch swimmer
    • 1977 – Vera Lischka, Austrian swimmer and politician
    • 1978 – James Badge Dale, American actor
    • 1979 – Mauro Bergamasco, Italian rugby player
    • 1979 – Roman Lyashenko, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2003)
    • 1980 – Marvin Cabrera, Mexican footballer
    • 1980 – Rob Davison, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1980 – Inês Henriques, Portuguese race walker
    • 1980 – Jan Heylen, Belgian race car driver
    • 1980 – Jay Reatard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
    • 1980 – Yuliya Tabakova, Russian athlete
    • 1981 – Manny Acosta, Panamanian baseball player
    • 1981 – Derek Asamoah, Ghanaian footballer
    • 1981 – Alexander Hleb, Belarusian footballer
    • 1981 – Wes Welker, American football player
    • 1982 – Beto, Portuguese footballer
    • 1982 – Jamie Dornan, Northern Irish model and actor
    • 1982 – Mark Farren, Irish footballer (d. 2016)
    • 1982 – Katya Zamolodchikova, American drag queen
    • 1982 – Tommy Robredo, Spanish tennis player
    • 1982 – Darijo Srna, Croatian footballer
    • 1983 – Alain Bernard, French swimmer
    • 1983 – Human Tornado, American wrestler
    • 1983 – Park Hae-jin, South Korean actor
    • 1984 – David Backes, American ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Mišo Brečko, Slovenian footballer
    • 1984 – Patrick Eaves, American ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Alexander Farnerud, Swedish footballer
    • 1984 – Farah Fath, American actress
    • 1984 – Keiichiro Koyama, Japanese singer and actor
    • 1984 – Víctor Montaño, Colombian footballer
    • 1984 – Mark Seaby, Australian footballer
    • 1985 – Shahriar Nafees, Bangladeshi cricketer
    • 1986 – Christian Benítez, Ecuadorian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1986 – Adam Casey, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Cassie Jaye, American actress and film director
    • 1986 – Jesse Klaver, Dutch politician
    • 1986 – Lee Chang-min, South Korean singer
    • 1986 – Brent Stanton, Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Leonardo Bonucci, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Glen Coffee, American football player
    • 1987 – Iván DeJesús Jr., Puerto Rican baseball player
    • 1987 – Marcus Drum, Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Amir Johnson, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Ryan Mathews, American football player
    • 1987 – Saidi Ntibazonkiza, Burundian footballer
    • 1987 – Shahar Pe’er, Israeli tennis player
    • 1988 – Maria Balaba, Latvian figure skater
    • 1988 – Maxim Gustik, Belarusian freestyle skier
    • 1988 – Teodor Peterson, Swedish cross-country skier
    • 1989 – Alejandro Arribas, Spanish footballer
    • 1989 – Poļina Jeļizarova, Latvian runner
    • 1990 – Uriel Álvarez, Mexican footballer
    • 1990 – Caitlin Stasey, Australian actress
    • 1990 – Diego Contento, German footballer
    • 1990 – Scooter Gennett, American baseball player
    • 1991 – Marcus Stroman, American baseball player
    • 1991 – Daniel Talbot, British sprinter
    • 1992 – Trevor Philp, Canadian alpine skier
    • 1992 – Bradley Roby, American football player
    • 1993 – Jean-Christophe Bahebeck, French footballer
    • 1993 – Ifeoma Nwoye, Nigerian wrestler
    • 1994 – Wallace Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
    • 1995 – Collin Seedorf, Dutch footballer
    • 1996 – Christopher J. Alexis Jr., Grenadian road cyclist
    • 1996 – Daniel Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
    • 1996 – Jacob Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
    • 1996 – Michael Seaton, Jamaican footballer
    • 2004 – Charli D’Amelio, American social media influencer and dancer

    Deaths on May 1

    • 408 – Arcadius, Byzantine emperor (b. 377)
    • 558 – Marcouf, missionary and saint
    • 908 – Wang Zongji, Chinese prince and pretender
    • 1118 – Matilda of Scotland (b. 1080)
    • 1171 – Diarmait Mac Murchada, King of Leinster (b. 1110)
    • 1187 – Roger de Moulins, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
    • 1255 – Walter de Gray, English prelate and statesman
    • 1277 – Stefan Uroš I of Serbia (b. 1223)
    • 1278 – William II of Villehardouin
    • 1308 – Albert I of Germany (b. 1255)
    • 1312 – Paul I Šubić of Bribir
    • 1539 – Isabella of Portugal (b. 1503)
    • 1555 – Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
    • 1572 – Pope Pius V (b. 1504)
    • 1668 – Frans Luycx, Flemish painter (b. 1604)
    • 1730 – François de Troy, French painter and engraver (b. 1645)
    • 1731 – Johann Ludwig Bach, German violinist and composer (b. 1677)
    • 1738 – Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle, English politician, First Lord of the Treasury (b. 1669)
    • 1772 – Gottfried Achenwall, Polish-German historian, economist, and jurist (b. 1719)
    • 1813 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French general (b. 1768)
    • 1838 – Antoine Louis Dugès, French obstetrician and naturalist (b. 1797)
    • 1856 – John Wilbur, American minister and theologian (b. 1774)
    • 1873 – David Livingstone, Scottish-English missionary and explorer (b. 1813)
    • 1899 – Ludwig Büchner, German physiologist and physician (b. 1824)
    • 1904 – Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer and academic (b. 1841)
    • 1913 – John Barclay Armstrong, American lieutenant (b. 1850)
    • 1920 – Princess Margaret of Connaught (b. 1882)
    • 1935 – Henri Pélissier, French cyclist (b. 1889)
    • 1943 – Johan Oscar Smith, Norwegian religious leader, founded the Brunstad Christian Church (b. 1871)
    • 1945 – Joseph Goebbels, German lawyer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1897)
    • 1945 – Magda Goebbels, German wife of Joseph Goebbels (b. 1901)
    • 1953 – Everett Shinn, American painter and illustrator (b. 1876)
    • 1956 – LeRoy Samse, American pole vaulter (b. 1883)
    • 1960 – Charles Holden, English architect, designed the Bristol Central Library (b. 1875)
    • 1963 – Lope K. Santos, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1879)
    • 1965 – Spike Jones, American singer and bandleader (b. 1911)
    • 1968 – Jack Adams, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1895)
    • 1968 – Harold Nicolson, English author and politician (b. 1886)
    • 1970 – Yi Un, Korean prince (b. 1897)
    • 1973 – Asger Jorn, Danish painter and sculptor (b. 1914)
    • 1976 – T. R. M. Howard, American surgeon and activist (b. 1908)
    • 1976 – Alexandros Panagoulis, Greek poet and politician (b. 1939)
    • 1978 – Aram Khachaturian, Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1903)
    • 1982 – William Primrose, Scottish viola player and educator (b. 1903)
    • 1984 – Jüri Lossmann, Estonian-Swedish runner (b. 1891)
    • 1985 – Denise Robins, English journalist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1986 – Hylda Baker, English comedian, actress and music hall performer (b. 1905)
    • 1986 – Hugo Peretti, American songwriter and producer (b. 1916)
    • 1988 – Ben Lexcen, Australian sailor and architect (b. 1936)
    • 1989 – Sally Kirkland, American journalist (b. 1912)
    • 1989 – V. M. Panchalingam, Sri Lankan civil servant (b. 1930)
    • 1989 – Patrice Tardif, Canadian farmer and politician (b. 1904)
    • 1990 – Sergio Franchi, Italian-American tenor and actor (b. 1926)
    • 1991 – Richard Thorpe, American director and screenwriter (b. 1896)
    • 1993 – Pierre Bérégovoy, French metallurgist and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1925)
    • 1993 – Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lankan politician, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (b. 1924)
    • 1994 – Ayrton Senna, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1960)
    • 1995 – Antonio Salemme, Italian-American painter (b. 1892)
    • 1997 – Fernand Dumont, Canadian sociologist, philosopher, and poet (b. 1927)
    • 1998 – Eldridge Cleaver, American author and activist (b. 1935)
    • 2000 – Steve Reeves, American bodybuilder and actor (b. 1926)
    • 2002 – Ebrahim Al-Arrayedh, Indian poet and author (b. 1908)
    • 2003 – Miss Elizabeth, American wrestler and manager (b. 1960)
    • 2003 – Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
    • 2005 – Kenneth Clark, American psychologist and academic (b. 1914)
    • 2008 – Anthony Mamo, Maltese judge and politician, 1st President of Malta (b. 1909)
    • 2008 – Philipp von Boeselager, German soldier and economist (b. 1917)
    • 2010 – Helen Wagner, American actress (b. 1918)
    • 2011 – Henry Cooper, English boxer (b. 1934)
    • 2011 – Ted Lowe, English sportscaster (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – James Kinley, Canadian engineer and politician, 29th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Mordechai Virshubski, German-Israeli lawyer and politician (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Chris Kelly, American rapper (b. 1978)
    • 2013 – Pierre Pleimelding, French footballer and manager (b. 1952)
    • 2014 – Adamu Atta, Nigerian lawyer and politician, 5th Governor of Kwara State (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Radhia Cousot, Tunisian-American computer scientist and academic (b. 1947)
    • 2014 – Assi Dayan, Israeli actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1945)
    • 2014 – Juan de Dios Castillo, Mexican footballer and coach (b. 1951)
    • 2015 – Geoff Duke, English-Manx motorcycle racer (b. 1923)
    • 2015 – Vafa Guluzade, Azerbaijani political scientist, academic, and diplomat (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – María Elena Velasco, Mexican actress, singer, director, and screenwriter (b. 1940)
    • 2015 – Grace Lee Whitney, American actress (b. 1930)

    Holidays and observances on May 1

    • Christian feast day:
      • Andeolus
      • Augustin Schoeffler, Jean-Louis Bonnard (part of Vietnamese Martyrs)
      • Benedict of Szkalka
      • Brioc
      • James the Less (Anglican Communion)
      • Joseph the Worker (Roman Catholic)
      • Blessed Klymentiy Sheptytsky (Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
      • Marcouf
      • Philip the Apostle (Anglican Communion, Lutheran Church)
      • Richard Pampuri
      • Sigismund of Burgundy
      • Ultan
      • May 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which Mother’s Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in May. (Samoa)
    • Earliest day on which Mother’s Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday in May. (Hong Kong, Hungary, Lithuania, Mozambique, Portugal, Spain, Romania)
    • Earliest day on which National Day of Prayer can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Thursday in May. (United States)
    • Earliest day on which World Asthma Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Tuesday in May. (International)
    • Armed Forces Day (Mauritania)
    • Constitution Day (Argentina, Latvia, Marshall Islands)
    • Commemoration of the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat following the foundation of Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (India):
      • Maharashtra Day
    • International Sunflower Guerrilla Gardening Day
    • Lei Day (Hawaii)
    • International Workers’ Day or Labour Day (International), and its related observances:
      • Earliest day on which Labour Day can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday of May. (Barbados, Dominica)
      • Law Day (United States), formerly intended to counterbalance the celebration of Labour Day. (United States)
      • Loyalty Day, formerly intended to counterbalance the celebration of Labour Day. (United States)
    • May Day (beginning of Summer) observances in the Northern hemisphere (see April 30):
      • Beltane (Ireland, Scotland, Isle of Man, Celtic neopagans and Wiccans in the Northern hemisphere)
      • Earliest day on which Beltane can fall, while May 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in May. (Ireland, Scotland)
      • Calan Mai (Wales)
    • Samhain (Celtic neopagans and Wiccans in the Southern Hemisphere)

  • April 21 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 753 BC – Romulus founds Rome (traditional date).
    • 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered shortly after.
    • 900 – The Laguna Copperplate Inscription (the earliest known written document found in what is now the Philippines): the Commander-in-Chief of the Kingdom of Tondo, as represented by the Honourable Jayadewa, Lord Minister of Pailah, pardons from all debt the Honourable Namwaran and his relations.
    • 1092 – The Diocese of Pisa is elevated to the rank of metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Urban II
    • 1506 – The three-day Lisbon Massacre comes to an end with the slaughter of over 1,900 suspected Jews by Portuguese Catholics.
    • 1509 – Henry VIII ascends the throne of England on the death of his father, Henry VII.
    • 1526 – The last ruler of the Lodi dynasty, Ibrahim Lodi is defeated and killed by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat.
    • 1615 – The Wignacourt Aqueduct is inaugurated in Malta.
    • 1782 – The city of Rattanakosin, now known internationally as Bangkok, is founded on the eastern bank of the Chao Phraya River by King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke.
    • 1789 – George Washington’s reception at Trenton is hosted by the Ladies of Trenton as he journeys to New York City for his first inauguration.
    • 1792 – Tiradentes, a revolutionary leading a movement for Brazil’s independence, is hanged, drawn and quartered.
    • 1802 – Twelve thousand Wahhabis under Abdul-Aziz bin Muhammad, invaded city of Karbala, killed over three thousand inhabitants, and sacked the city.
    • 1806 – Action of 21 April 1806: A French frigate escapes British forces off the coast of South Africa.
    • 1809 – Two Austrian army corps are driven from Landshut by a First French Empire army led by Napoleon as two French corps to the north hold off the main Austrian army on the first day of the Battle of Eckmühl.
    • 1821 – Benderli Ali Pasha arrives in Constantinople as the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire; he remains in power for only nine days before being sent into exile.
    • 1836 – Texas Revolution: The Battle of San Jacinto: Republic of Texas forces under Sam Houston defeat troops under Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
    • 1856 – Australian labour movement: Stonemasons and building workers on building sites around Melbourne march from the University of Melbourne to Parliament House to achieve an eight-hour day.
    • 1894 – Norway formally adopts the Krag–Jørgensen bolt-action rifle as the main arm of its armed forces, a weapon that would remain in service for almost 50 years.
    • 1898 – Spanish–American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports. When the U.S. Congress issued a declaration of war on April 25, it declared that a state of war had existed from this date.
    • 1914 – Ypiranga incident: A German arms shipment to Mexico is intercepted by the U.S. Navy near Veracruz.
    • 1918 – World War I: German fighter ace Manfred von Richthofen, better known as “The Red Baron”, is shot down and killed over Vaux-sur-Somme in France.
    • 1926 – Al-Baqi cemetery, former site of the mausoleum of four Shi’a Imams, is leveled to the ground by Wahhabis.
    • 1934 – The “Surgeon’s Photograph”, the most famous photo allegedly showing the Loch Ness Monster, is published in the Daily Mail (in 1999, it is revealed to be a hoax).
    • 1945 – World War II: Soviet forces south of Berlin at Zossen attack the German High Command headquarters.
    • 1948 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 47 relating to Kashmir conflict is adopted.
    • 1952 – Secretary’s Day (now Administrative Professionals’ Day) is first celebrated.
    • 1958 – United Airlines Flight 736 collides into a United States Air Force fighter jet near Arden, Nevada in what is now Enterprise, Nevada.
    • 1960 – Brasília, Brazil’s capital, is officially inaugurated. At 09:30, the Three Powers of the Republic are simultaneously transferred from the old capital, Rio de Janeiro.
    • 1962 – The Seattle World’s Fair (Century 21 Exposition) opens. It is the first World’s Fair in the United States since World War II.
    • 1963 – The first election of the Universal House of Justice is held, marking its establishment as the supreme governing institution of the Bahá’í Faith.
    • 1964 – A Transit-5bn satellite fails to reach orbit after launch; as it re-enters the atmosphere, 2.1 pounds (0.95 kg) of radioactive plutonium in its SNAP RTG power source is widely dispersed.
    • 1965 – The 1964–1965 New York World’s Fair opens for its second and final season.
    • 1966 – Rastafari movement: Haile Selassie of Ethiopia visits Jamaica, an event now celebrated as Grounation Day.
    • 1967 – A few days before the general election in Greece, Colonel George Papadopoulos leads a coup d’état, establishing a military regime that lasts for seven years.
    • 1975 – Vietnam War: President of South Vietnam Nguyễn Văn Thiệu flees Saigon, as Xuân Lộc, the last South Vietnamese outpost blocking a direct North Vietnamese assault on Saigon, falls.
    • 1977 – Annie opens on Broadway.
    • 1982 – Baseball: Rollie Fingers of the Milwaukee Brewers becomes the first pitcher to record 300 saves.
    • 1985 – The compound of the militant group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord surrenders to federal authorities in Arkansas after a two-day government siege.
    • 1987 – The Tamil Tigers are blamed for a car bomb that detonates in the Sri Lankan capital city of Colombo, killing 106 people.
    • 1989 – Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: In Beijing, around 100,000 students gather in Tiananmen Square to commemorate Chinese reform leader Hu Yaobang.
    • 1993 – The Supreme Court in La Paz, Bolivia, sentences former dictator Luis García Meza to 30 years in jail without parole for murder, theft, fraud and violating the constitution.
    • 2004 – Five suicide car bombers target police stations in and around Basra, killing 74 people and wounding 160.
    • 2010 – The controversial Kharkiv Pact (Russian Ukrainian Naval Base for Gas Treaty) is signed in Kharkiv, Ukraine, by Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev; it was unilaterally terminated by Russia on March 31, 2014.
    • 2012 – Two trains are involved in a head-on collision near Sloterdijk, Amsterdam, in the Netherlands, injuring 116 people.
    • 2014 – The American city of Flint, Michigan switches its water source to the Flint River, beginning the ongoing Flint water crisis which has caused lead poisoning in up to 12,000 people, and 15 deaths from Legionnaires disease, ultimately leading to criminal indictments against 15 people, five of whom have been charged with involuntary manslaughter.
    • 2019 – Eight bombs explode at churches, hotels, and other locations in Sri Lanka on Easter Sunday; more than 200 people are killed.

    Births on April 21

    • 1132 – Sancho VI, king of Navarre (d. 1194)
    • 1488 – Ulrich von Hutten, German religious reformer (d. 1523)
    • 1523 – Marco Antonio Bragadin, Venetian lawyer and military officer (d. 1571)
    • 1555 – Ludovico Carracci, Italian painter and etcher (d. 1619)
    • 1619 – Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch founder of Cape Town (d. 1677)
    • 1630 – Pieter Gerritsz van Roestraten, Dutch-English painter (d. 1700)
    • 1631 – Francesco Maidalchini, Catholic cardinal (d. 1700)
    • 1642 – Simon de la Loubère, French mathematician, poet, and diplomat (d. 1729)
    • 1651 – Joseph Vaz, Sri Lankan priest, missionary, and saint (d. 1711)
    • 1652 – Michel Rolle, French mathematician and academic (d. 1719)
    • 1671 – John Law, Scottish economist (d. 1729)
    • 1673 – Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1742)
    • 1713 – Louis de Noailles, French general (d. 1793)
    • 1730 – Antonín Kammel, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1788)
    • 1752 – Pierre-Alexandre-Laurent Forfait, French engineer, hydrographer, and politician, French Minister of Marine and the Colonies (d. 1807)
    • 1752 – Humphry Repton, English gardener and author (d. 1818)
    • 1774 – Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician (d. 1862)
    • 1775 – Alexander Anderson, Scottish-American illustrator and engraver (d. 1870)
    • 1790 – Manuel Blanco Encalada, Spanish-Chilean admiral and politician, 1st President of Chile (d. 1876)
    • 1810 – John Putnam Chapin, American politician, 10th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1864)
    • 1811 – Alson Sherman, American merchant and politician, 8th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1903)
    • 1814 – Angela Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts, English art collector and philanthropist (d. 1906)
    • 1816 – Charlotte Brontë, Cornish-English novelist and poet (d. 1855)
    • 1837 – Fredrik Bajer, Danish lieutenant and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1922)
    • 1838 – John Muir, Scottish-American environmentalist and author (d. 1914)
    • 1851 – Charles Barrois, French geologist and palaeontologist (d. 1939)
    • 1854 – William Stang, German-American bishop (d. 1907)
    • 1864 – Max Weber, German economist and sociologist (d. 1920)
    • 1868 – Alfred Henry Maurer, American painter (d. 1932)
    • 1870 – Edwin Stanton Porter, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1941)
    • 1874 – Vincent Scotto, French actor and composer (d. 1952)
    • 1882 – Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
    • 1885 – Tatu Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (d. 1967)
    • 1887 – Joe McCarthy, American baseball manager (d. 1978)
    • 1889 – Marcel Boussac, French businessman (d. 1980)
    • 1889 – Paul Karrer, Russian-Swiss chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
    • 1889 – Efrem Zimbalist, Sr., Russian-American violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1985)
    • 1892 – Freddie Dixon, English motorcycle racer and racing driver (d. 1956)
    • 1893 – Romeo Bertini, Italian runner (d. 1973)
    • 1898 – Maurice Wilson, English soldier, pilot, and mountaineer (d. 1934)
    • 1899 – Randall Thompson, American composer and academic (d. 1984)
    • 1903 – Luis Saslavsky, Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1995)
    • 1904 – Jean Hélion, French painter (d. 1987)
    • 1904 – Odilo Globocnik, Italian-Austrian SS officer (d. 1945)
    • 1905 – Pat Brown, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Governor of California (d. 1996)
    • 1911 – Ivan Combe, American businessman, developed Clearasil (d. 2000)
    • 1911 – Kemal Satır, Turkish physician and politician (d. 1991)
    • 1912 – Eve Arnold, Russian-American photojournalist (d. 2012)
    • 1912 – Marcel Camus, French director and screenwriter (d. 1982)
    • 1913 – Norman Parkinson, English photographer (d. 1990)
    • 1914 – Angelo Savoldi, Italian-American wrestler and promoter, co-founded International World Class Championship Wrestling (d. 2013)
    • 1915 – Garrett Hardin, American ecologist, author, and academic (d. 2003)
    • 1915 – Anthony Quinn, Mexican-American actor (d. 2001)
    • 1916 – Estella B. Diggs, American businesswoman and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1918 – Eddy Christiani, Dutch singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
    • 1919 – Don Cornell, American singer (d. 2004)
    • 1919 – Roger Doucet, Canadian tenor (d. 1981)
    • 1919 – Licio Gelli, Italian financer (d. 2015)
    • 1920 – Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (d. 1991)
    • 1922 – Alistair MacLean, Scottish novelist and screenwriter (d. 1987)
    • 1922 – Allan Watkins, Welsh-English cricketer (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – John Mortimer, English lawyer and author (d. 2009)
    • 1924 – Ira Louvin, American singer-songwriter and mandolin player (d. 1965)
    • 1925 – Anthony Mason, Australian soldier and judge, 9th Chief Justice of Australia
    • 1925 – John Swinton of Kimmerghame, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berwickshire (d. 2018)
    • 1926 – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom and her other realms
    • 1926 – Arthur Rowley, English footballer, manager and cricketer (d. 2002)
    • 1927 – Ahmed Arif, Turkish poet and author (d. 1991)
    • 1928 – Jack Evans, Welsh-Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1996)
    • 1930 – Hilda Hilst, Brazilian author, poet, and playwright (d. 2004)
    • 1930 – Silvana Mangano, Italian actress (d. 1989)
    • 1930 – Dieter Roth, German-Swiss illustrator and sculptor (d. 1998)
    • 1930 – Jack Taylor, English footballer and referee (d. 2012)
    • 1931 – Morgan Wootten, American high school basketball coach (d. 2020)
    • 1932 – Slide Hampton, African-American trombonist and composer
    • 1932 – Elaine May, American actress, comedian, director, and screenwriter
    • 1932 – Angela Mortimer, English tennis player
    • 1933 – Edelmiro Amante, Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1933 – Easley Blackwood, Jr., American pianist, composer, and educator
    • 1933 – Ignatius Zakka I Iwas, Iraqi patriarch (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Charles Grodin, American actor and talk show host
    • 1935 – Thomas Kean, American academic and politician, 48th Governor of New Jersey
    • 1936 – James Dobson, American evangelist, psychologist, and author, founded Focus on the Family
    • 1936 – Reg Fleming, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 2009)
    • 1937 – Gary Peters, American baseball player
    • 1937 – Ben Zinn, Israeli-born American academic and former international soccer player
    • 1939 – John McCabe, English pianist and composer (d. 2015)
    • 1939 – Sister Helen Prejean, American nun, activist, and author
    • 1939 – Reni Santoni, American actor
    • 1940 – Jacques Caron, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1940 – Souleymane Cissé, Malian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1941 – David L. Boren, American lawyer and politician, 21st Governor of Oklahoma
    • 1942 – Geoffrey Palmer, New Zealand politician, 33rd Prime Minister of New Zealand
    • 1945 – Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan, Indian cricketer and umpire
    • 1945 – Mark Wainberg, Canadian researcher and HIV/AIDS activist (d. 2017)
    • 1945 – Diana Darvey, English actress, singer and dancer (d. 2000)
    • 1947 – Al Bumbry, American baseball player
    • 1947 – Iggy Pop, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
    • 1947 – John Weider, English bass player
    • 1948 – Gary Condit, American businessman and politician
    • 1948 – Paul Davis, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2008)
    • 1948 – Josef Flammer, Swiss ophthalmologist
    • 1948 – Dieter Fromm, German runner
    • 1949 – Patti LuPone, American actress and singer
    • 1950 – Shivaji Satam, Indian actor
    • 1951 – Tony Danza, American actor and producer
    • 1951 – Michael Freedman, American mathematician and academic
    • 1951 – Bob Varsha, American sportscaster
    • 1951 – Steve Vickers, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1952 – Gerald Early, American author and academic
    • 1952 – Cheryl Gillan, British businesswoman and politician, Secretary of State for Wales
    • 1953 – John Brumby, Australian politician, 45th Premier of Victoria
    • 1954 – Ebiet G. Ade, Indonesian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1954 – James Morrison, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1955 – Murathan Mungan, Turkish author, poet, and playwright
    • 1955 – Doug Soetaert, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1956 – Peter Kosminsky, English director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Phillip Longman, German-American demographer and journalist
    • 1957 – Hervé Le Tellier, French linguist and author
    • 1957 – Jesse Orosco, American baseball player
    • 1957 – Herbert Wetterauer, German painter, sculptor, and author
    • 1958 – Andie MacDowell, American model, actress, and producer
    • 1958 – Yoshito Usui, Japanese illustrator (d. 2009)
    • 1958 – Michael Zarnock, American author
    • 1959 – Tim Jacobus, American illustrator and painter
    • 1959 – Olga Kuragina, Russian pentathlete
    • 1959 – Arno Pijpers, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1959 – Robert Smith, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1960 – Michel Goulet, Canadian ice hockey player and scout
    • 1960 – Julius Korir, Kenyan runner
    • 1961 – Cathy Cavadini, American voice actress
    • 1961 – Carey Hayes, American screenwriter and producer
    • 1961 – Chad Hayes, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1961 – Neale Marmon, English-German footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1961 – David Servan-Schreiber, French physician, neuroscientist, and author (d. 2011)
    • 1962 – Les Lancaster, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Craig Robinson, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Aavo Sarap, Estonian footballer and coach
    • 1963 – Ken Caminiti, American baseball player (d. 2004)
    • 1963 – Roy Dupuis, Canadian actor
    • 1963 – John Cameron Mitchell, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Alex Baumann, Czech-Canadian swimmer
    • 1964 – Ludmila Engquist, Russian-Swedish hurdler
    • 1965 – Ed Belfour, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1965 – Karen Foster, American model and actress
    • 1965 – Gary Grant, American basketball player
    • 1965 – Thomas Helmer, German footballer
    • 1965 – Fiona Kelleghan, American academic, critic and librarian
    • 1967 – Emilio Valle, Cuban hurdler
    • 1968 – Peter van Vossen, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1969 – John Kibowen, Kenyan runner
    • 1969 – Toby Stephens, English actor
    • 1970 – Jeff Anderson, American actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1970 – Glen Hansard, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1970 – Rob Riggle, American actor and comedian
    • 1970 – Nicole Sullivan, American actress, comedian, and screenwriter
    • 1971 – Axl Rotten, American wrestler (d. 2016)
    • 1971 – Michael Turner, American author and illustrator (d. 2008)
    • 1972 – Richard Chelimo, Kenyan runner (d. 2001)
    • 1972 – Gwendal Peizerat, French ice dancer
    • 1973 – Steve Backshall, English naturalist, writer, and television presenter
    • 1973 – Jonathan Nsenga, Belgian hurdler and coach
    • 1974 – Maksim Gruznov, Estonian footballer
    • 1974 – Orlando Jordan, American wrestler
    • 1974 – David Peachey, Australian rugby league player
    • 1975 – Danyon Loader, New Zealand swimmer
    • 1976 – Rommel Adducul, Filipino basketball player
    • 1976 – Petero Civoniceva, Fijian-Australian rugby league player
    • 1977 – Gyula Koi, Hungarian scholar and educator
    • 1977 – Jamie Salé, Canadian figure skater
    • 1978 – Jacob Burns, Australian footballer
    • 1978 – Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer
    • 1978 – Yuliya Pechonkina, Russian hurdler
    • 1979 – Virginie Basselot, French chef
    • 1979 – Tobias Linderoth, French-Swedish footballer and coach
    • 1979 – James McAvoy, Scottish actor
    • 1980 – Jeff Keppinger, American baseball player
    • 1980 – Vincent Lecavalier, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1980 – Tony Romo, American football player
    • 1981 – Mads Junker, Danish footballer
    • 1982 – Khalif Barnes, American football player
    • 1982 – Micheal Luck, Australian rugby league player
    • 1982 – Carnell Williams, American football player
    • 1983 – Paweł Brożek, Polish footballer
    • 1983 – Marco Donadel, Italian footballer
    • 1983 – Tarvaris Jackson, American football player (d. 2020)
    • 1984 – Shayna Fox, American voice actress
    • 1986 – Audra Cohen, American tennis player
    • 1986 – Alexander Edler, Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1986 – Rodney Stuckey, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Mirko Valdifiori, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Nadif Chowdhury, Bangladeshi cricketer
    • 1987 – Eric Devendorf, American basketball player
    • 1987 – Leroy George, Dutch footballer
    • 1987 – Anastasia Prikhodko, Ukrainian singer
    • 1988 – Ricky Berens, American swimmer
    • 1988 – Jencarlos Canela, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1988 – Pedro Mosquera, Spanish footballer
    • 1988 – Adam Rooney, Irish footballer
    • 1989 – Tatyana McFadden, Russian-American sprinter and skier
    • 1989 – Carlos Muñoz, Chilean footballer
    • 1990 – Aleksandar Prijović, Swiss-born Serbian footballer
    • 1992 – Isco, Spanish footballer
    • 1992 – Rene Santos, Brazilian footballer
    • 1992 – Joc Pederson, American baseball player
    • 1994 – Mitchell Weiser, German footballer

    Deaths on April 21

    • 234 – Emperor Xian of Han, Chinese emperor (b. 181)
    • 586 – Liuvigild, king of the Visigoths
    • 847 – Odgar, Frankish archbishop of Mainz
    • 866 – Bardas, de facto regent of the Byzantine Empire
    • 941 – Bajkam, de facto regent of the Abbasid Caliphate
    • 1073 – Pope Alexander II
    • 1109 – Anselm of Canterbury, Italian-English archbishop and saint (b. 1033)
    • 1136 – Stephen, Count of Tréguier Breton noblemen (b. c. 1058/62)
    • 1142 – Peter Abelard, French philosopher and theologian (b. 1079)
    • 1213 – Maria of Montpellier, Lady of Montpellier, Queen of Aragon (b. 1182)
    • 1329 – Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1282)
    • 1400 – John Wittlebury, English politician (b. 1333)
    • 1509 – Henry VII of England (b. 1457)
    • 1557 – Petrus Apianus, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1495)
    • 1574 – Cosimo I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1519)
    • 1591 – Sen no Rikyū, Japanese exponent of the tea ceremony (b. 1522)
    • 1650 – Yagyū Jūbei Mitsuyoshi, Japanese samurai (b. 1607)
    • 1668 – Jan Boeckhorst, Flemish painter (b. c. 1604)
    • 1699 – Jean Racine, French playwright and poet (b. 1639)
    • 1719 – Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1640)
    • 1720 – Antoine Hamilton, Irish-French soldier and author (b. 1646)
    • 1722 – Robert Beverley, Jr., English historian and author (b. 1673)
    • 1736 – Prince Eugene of Savoy (b. 1663)
    • 1740 – Thomas Tickell, English poet and author (b. 1685)
    • 1758 – Francesco Zerafa, Maltese architect (b. 1679)
    • 1815 – Joseph Winston, American soldier and politician (b. 1746)
    • 1825 – Johann Friedrich Pfaff, German mathematician and academic (b. 1765)
    • 1852 – Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (b. 1787)
    • 1863 – Sir Robert Bateson, 1st Baronet, Irish politician (b. 1782)
    • 1900 – Vikramatji Khimojiraj, Indian ruler (b. 1819)
    • 1910 – Mark Twain, American novelist, humorist, and critic (b. 1835)
    • 1918 – Manfred von Richthofen, German captain and pilot (b. 1892)
    • 1924 – Eleonora Duse, Italian actress (b. 1858)
    • 1930 – Robert Bridges, English poet and author (b. 1844)
    • 1932 – Friedrich Gustav Piffl, Bohemian cardinal (b. 1864)
    • 1938 – Muhammad Iqbal, Indian-Pakistani philosopher and poet (b. 1877)
    • 1941 – Fritz Manteuffel, German gymnast (b. 1875)
    • 1945 – Walter Model, German field marshal (b. 1891)
    • 1946 – John Maynard Keynes, English economist and philosopher (b. 1883)
    • 1948 – Aldo Leopold, American ecologist and author (b. 1887)
    • 1952 – Leslie Banks, American actor, director and producer (b. 1890)
    • 1954 – Emil Leon Post, Polish-American mathematician and logician (b. 1897)
    • 1956 – Charles MacArthur, American playwright and screenwriter (b. 1895)
    • 1965 – Edward Victor Appleton, English-Scottish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
    • 1971 – François Duvalier, Haitian physician and politician, 40th President of Haiti (b. 1907)
    • 1973 – Arthur Fadden, Australian accountant and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894)
    • 1973 – Kemal Tahir, Turkish journalist and author (b. 1910)
    • 1974 – Chic Harley, American football player (b. 1894)
    • 1977 – Gummo Marx, American vaudevillian and talent agent (b. 1893)
    • 1978 – Sandy Denny, English singer-songwriter (b.1947)
    • 1978 – Thomas Wyatt Turner, American biologist and academic (b. 1877)
    • 1980 – Alexander Oparin, Russian biochemist and academic (b. 1894)
    • 1980 – Sohrab Sepehri, Iranian poet and painter (b. 1928)
    • 1983 – Walter Slezak, Austrian-American actor and singer (b. 1902)
    • 1984 – Marcel Janco, Romanian-Israeli artist (b. 1895)
    • 1984 – Hristo Prodanov, Bulgarian engineer and mountaineer (b. 1943)
    • 1985 – Rudi Gernreich, Austrian-American fashion designer, created the monokini (b. 1922)
    • 1985 – Tancredo Neves, Brazilian banker and politician, Prime Minister of Brazil (b. 1910)
    • 1986 – Marjorie Eaton, American painter and actress (b. 1901)
    • 1986 – Salah Jahin, Egyptian poet, playwright, and composer (b. 1930)
    • 1987 – Gustav Bergmann, Austrian-American philosopher from the Vienna Circle (b. 1906)
    • 1989 – James Kirkwood, Jr., American actor, playwright, and author (b. 1924)
    • 1990 – Erté, Russian-French illustrator (b. 1892)
    • 1991 – Willi Boskovsky, Austrian violinist and conductor (b. 1909)
    • 1996 – Zora Arkus-Duntov, Belgian-born American engineer and race car driver (b. 1909)
    • 1996 – Dzhokhar Dudayev, Chechen general and politician, 1st President of Ichkeria (b. 1944)
    • 1996 – Abdul Hafeez Kardar, Pakistani cricketer (b. 1925)
    • 1996 – Jimmy Snyder, American sportscaster (b. 1919)
    • 1998 – Jean-François Lyotard, French sociologist and philosopher (b. 1924)
    • 1999 – Buddy Rogers, American actor (b. 1904)
    • 2003 – Nina Simone, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and activist (b. 1933)
    • 2004 – Mary McGrory, American journalist (b. 1918)
    • 2005 – Gerry Marshall, English race car driver and journalist (b. 1941)
    • 2006 – Johnny Checketts, New Zealand commander and pilot (b. 1912)
    • 2006 – T. K. Ramakrishnan, Indian politician (b. 1922)
    • 2006 – Telê Santana, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1931)
    • 2007 – Lobby Loyde, Australian guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1941)
    • 2009 – Vivian Maier, American photographer (b. 1926)
    • 2010 – Gustav Lorentzen, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish businessman, seventh President of the International Olympic Committee (b. 1920)
    • 2010 – Kanagaratnam Sriskandan, Sri Lankan-English engineer and civil servant (b. 1930)
    • 2011 – Catharina Halkes, Dutch theologian and academic (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – Doris Betts, American author and academic (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – Charles Colson, American lawyer and activist, founded Prison Fellowship (b. 1931)
    • 2012 – Albert Falco, French captain and diver (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Charles Higham, English-American author and poet (b. 1931)
    • 2012 – Jerry Toppazzini, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Chrissy Amphlett, Australian singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1959)
    • 2013 – Shakuntala Devi, Indian mathematician and astrologer (b. 1929)
    • 2013 – Leopold Engleitner, Austrian Holocaust survivor, author, and educator (b. 1905)
    • 2013 – Gordon D. Gayle, American general and historian (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Herb Gray, Canadian lawyer and politician, 7th Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1931)
    • 2014 – Janet Gray Hayes, American politician, 60th Mayor of San Jose (b. 1926)
    • 2014 – George H. Heilmeier, American engineer (b. 1936)
    • 2014 – Win Tin, Burmese journalist and politician, co-founded the National League for Democracy (b. 1930)
    • 2015 – M. H. Abrams, American author, critic, and academic (b. 1912)
    • 2015 – Steve Byrnes, American sportscaster and producer (b. 1959)
    • 2015 – John Moshoeu, South African footballer and manager (b. 1965)
    • 2015 – Janaki Ballabh Patnaik, Indian politician, Governor of Assam (b. 1927)
    • 2015 – Sydney Valpy Radley-Walters, Canadian general (b. 1920)
    • 2015 – Betsy von Furstenberg, German-American actress (b. 1931)
    • 2016 – Prince, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (b. 1958)
    • 2017 – Ugo Ehiogu, English footballer (b. 1972)
    • 2018 – Verne Troyer, American actor (b. 1969)
    • 2018 – Nabi Tajima, Japanese supercentenarian, oldest Japanese and Asian person ever, last verified person born in the 19th century (b. 1900)
    • 2019 – Polly Higgins, Scottish barrister, author and environmental lobbyist, (b. 1968)

    Holidays and observances April 21

    • Christian feast day:
      • Abdecalas
      • Anastasius Sinaita
      • Anselm of Canterbury
      • Beuno
      • Conrad of Parzham
      • Holy Infant of Good Health
      • Shemon Bar Sabbae
      • Wolbodo
      • April 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Civil Service Day (India)
    • Grounation Day (Rastafari movement)
    • Heroic Defense of Veracruz (Mexico)
    • Kang Pan-sok’s Birthday (North Korea)
    • Kartini Day (Indonesia)
    • Local Self Government Day (Russia)
    • National Tea Day (United Kingdom)
    • National Tree Planting Day (Kenya)
    • San Jacinto Day (Texas)
    • Queen’s Official Birthday (Falkland Islands)
    • Tiradentes’ Day (Brazil)
    • Vietnam Book Day (Vietnam)

  • April 19 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso’s plot to kill Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
    • 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Raqqa (northern Syria).
    • 797 – Empress Irene organizes a conspiracy against her son, the Byzantine emperor Constantine VI. He is deposed and blinded. Shortly after, Constantine dies of his wounds; Irene proclaims herself basileus.
    • 1506 – The Lisbon Massacre begins, in which accused Jews are being slaughtered by Portuguese Catholics.
    • 1529 – Beginning of the Protestant Reformation: After the Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms.
    • 1539 – The Treaty of Frankfurt between Protestants and the Holy Roman Emperor is signed.
    • 1608 – In Ireland: O’Doherty’s Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry.
    • 1677 – The French army captures the town of Cambrai held by Spanish troops.
    • 1713 – With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inheritable by a female; his daughter and successor, Maria Theresa was not born until 1717.
    • 1770 – Captain James Cook, still holding the rank of lieutenant, sights the eastern coast of what is now Australia.
    • 1770 – Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding.
    • 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.
    • 1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic’s recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.
    • 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, part of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory.
    • 1810 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
    • 1818 – French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary “Note on the Theory of Diffraction” (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
    • 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom and guarantees its neutrality.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
    • 1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.
    • 1927 – Mae West is sentenced to ten days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
    • 1942 – World War II: In Poland, the Majdan-Tatarski ghetto is established, situated between the Lublin Ghetto and a Majdanek subcamp.
    • 1943 – World War II: In Poland, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins, after German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto to round up the remaining Jews.
    • 1943 – Albert Hofmann deliberately doses himself with LSD for the first time, three days after having discovered its effects on April 16.
    • 1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.
    • 1960 – Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
    • 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
    • 1971 – Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
    • 1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death (later commuted to life imprisonment) for conspiracy in the Tate–LaBianca murders.
    • 1973 – The Portuguese Socialist Party is founded in the German town of Bad Münstereifel.
    • 1975 – India’s first satellite Aryabhata launched in orbit from Kapustin Yar, Russia.
    • 1984 – Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia’s national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
    • 1985 – Two hundred ATF and FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the white supremacist survivalist group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord in Arkansas; the CSA surrenders two days later.
    • 1987 – The Simpsons first appear as a series of shorts on The Tracey Ullman Show, first starting with Good Night.
    • 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
    • 1993 – The 51-day FBI siege of the Branch Davidian building in Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. 76 Davidians, including eighteen children under the age of ten, died in the fire.
    • 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, USA, is bombed, killing 168 people including 19 children under the age of six.
    • 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin.
    • 2000 – Air Philippines Flight 541 crashes in Samal, Davao del Norte, killing all 131 people on board.
    • 2005 – Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger is elected to the papacy and becomes Pope Benedict XVI.
    • 2011 – Fidel Castro resigns as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba after holding the title since July 1961.
    • 2013 – Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is killed in a shootout with police. His brother Dzhokhar is later captured hiding in a boat inside a backyard in the suburb of Watertown.
    • 2020 – A killing spree in Nova Scotia, Canada, leaves 22 people and the perpetrator dead, making it the deadliest rampage in the country’s history.

    Births on April 19

    • 1452 – Frederick IV, King of Naples (d. 1504)
    • 1593 – Sir John Hobart, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1647)
    • 1603 – Michel Le Tellier, French politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1685)
    • 1613 – Christoph Bach, German musician (d. 1661)
    • 1633 – Willem Drost, Dutch painter (d. 1659)
    • 1655 – George St Lo(e), Royal Navy officer and administrator (d. 1718)
    • 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, German husband of Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria (d. 1716)
    • 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French author (d. 1721)
    • 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (d. 1750)
    • 1715 – James Nares, English organist and composer (d. 1783)
    • 1721 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
    • 1734 – Karl von Ordóñez, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1786)
    • 1757 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, English admiral and politician (d. 1833)
    • 1758 – William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk, Scottish admiral (d. 1831)
    • 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French pianist and composer (d. 1858)
    • 1787 – Deaf Smith, American soldier (d. 1837)
    • 1793 – Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
    • 1806 – Sarah Bagley, American labor organizer (d. 1889)
    • 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French journalist and author (d. 1875)
    • 1832 – José Echegaray, Spanish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
    • 1835 – Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1888)
    • 1863 – Hemmo Kallio, Finnish actor (d. 1940)
    • 1872 – Alice Salomon, German social reformer (d. 1948)
    • 1873 – Sydney Barnes, English cricketer (d. 1967)
    • 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
    • 1877 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American engineer, invented the outboard motor (d. 1934)
    • 1879 – Arthur Robertson, Scottish runner (d. 1957)
    • 1882 – Getúlio Vargas, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 14th President of Brazil (d. 1954)
    • 1883 – Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
    • 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian-American mathematician and physicist (d. 1953)
    • 1885 – Karl Tarvas, Estonian architect (d. 1975)
    • 1889 – Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
    • 1891 – Françoise Rosay, French actress (d. 1974)
    • 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer and educator (d. 1983)
    • 1894 – Elizabeth Dilling, American author and activist (d. 1966)
    • 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
    • 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese super-centenarian, oldest verified man ever (d. 2013)
    • 1898 – Constance Talmadge, American actress and producer (d. 1973)
    • 1899 – George O’Brien, American actor (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Cemal Tollu, Turkish lieutenant and painter (d. 1968)
    • 1900 – Iracema de Alencar, Brazilian film actress (d. 1978)
    • 1900 – Richard Hughes, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1976)
    • 1900 – Roland Michener, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
    • 1900 – Rhea Silberta, Yiddish songwriter and singing teacher (d. 1959)
    • 1902 – Veniamin Kaverin, Russian author and screenwriter (d. 1989)
    • 1903 – Eliot Ness, American law enforcement agent (d. 1957)
    • 1907 – Alan Wheatley, English actor (d. 1991)
    • 1908 – Irena Eichlerówna, Polish actress (d. 1990)
    • 1912 – Glenn T. Seaborg, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
    • 1913 – Ken Carpenter, American discus thrower and coach (d. 1984)
    • 1917 – Sven Hassel, Danish-German soldier and author (d. 2012)
    • 1919 – Sol Kaplan, American pianist and composer (d. 1990)
    • 1920 – Gene Leis, American guitarist, composer, and producer (d. 1993)
    • 1920 – Marvin Mandel, American lawyer and politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (d. 2015)
    • 1920 – John O’Neil, American baseball player and manager (d. 2012)
    • 1920 – Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
    • 1920 – Marian Winters, American actress (d. 1978)
    • 1921 – Anna Lee Aldred, American jockey (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Leon Henkin, American logician (d. 2006)
    • 1921 – Roberto Tucci, Italian Jesuit leader, cardinal, and theologian (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Erich Hartmann, German colonel and pilot (d. 1993)
    • 1922 – David Smith, politician in Rhodesia and Zimbabwe (d. 1996)
    • 1925 – John Kraaijkamp, Sr., Dutch actor (d. 2011)
    • 1925 – Hugh O’Brian, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1926 – Rawya Ateya, Egyptian captain and politician (d. 1997)
    • 1928 – John Horlock, English engineer and academic (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Azlan Shah of Perak, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d. 2014)
    • 1931 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2004)
    • 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor
    • 1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricketer and umpire
    • 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American model and actress (d. 1967)
    • 1933 – Philip Lavallin Wroughton, English captain and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
    • 1934 – Dickie Goodman, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1989)
    • 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, comedian, and pianist (d. 2002)
    • 1935 – Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
    • 1936 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
    • 1936 – Jack Pardee, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1937 – Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author (d. 2017)
    • 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress
    • 1937 – Joseph Estrada, Filipino politician, 13th President of the Philippines
    • 1938 – Stanley Fish, American theorist, author, and scholar
    • 1939 – E. Clay Shaw, Jr., American accountant, judge, and politician (d. 2013)
    • 1941 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer-songwriter
    • 1941 – Clark Dimond, American musician and author
    • 1941 – Michel Roux, French-English chef and author (d. 2020)
    • 1941 – Bobby Russell, American singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
    • 1942 – Bas Jan Ader, Dutch-American photographer and director (d. 1975)
    • 1942 – Alan Price, English keyboard player, singer, and composer
    • 1942 – Jack Roush, American businessman, founded Roush Fenway Racing
    • 1942 – Maarten van den Bergh, American-Dutch businessman
    • 1943 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)[28]
    • 1943 – Lorenzo Sanz, Spanish businessman
    • 1944 – Keith Erickson, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1944 – James Heckman, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1944 – Bernie Worrell, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 2016)[29]
    • 1946 – Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
    • 1946 – Tim Curry, English actor[30]
    • 1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist and conductor
    • 1947 – Wilfrid Stevenson, Baron Stevenson of Balmacara, English civil servant
    • 1947 – Yan Pascal Tortelier, French violinist and conductor
    • 1947 – Mark Volman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1948 – Stuart McLean, Canadian radio host and author (d. 2017)
    • 1948 – Rick Miller, American baseball player and manager
    • 1949 – Paloma Picasso, French-Spanish fashion designer
    • 1949 – Larry Walters, American truck driver and pilot (d. 1993)
    • 1950 – Julia Cleverdon, English businesswoman and philanthropist
    • 1951 – Barry Brown, American actor and playwright (d. 1978)
    • 1951 – Jóannes Eidesgaard, Faroese educator and politician, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
    • 1952 – Alexis Argüello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (d. 2009)
    • 1952 – Tony Plana, Cuban-American actor and director
    • 1952 – Michael Trend, English journalist and politician
    • 1953 – Rod Morgenstein, American drummer
    • 1953 – Sara Simeoni, Italian high jumper
    • 1953 – Ruby Wax, British-based American comedian, actress, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer and manager
    • 1954 – Bob Rock, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1956 – Sue Barker, English tennis player and journalist
    • 1956 – Randy Carlyle, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1956 – Anne Glover, Scottish biologist and academic
    • 1957 – Tony Martin, English singer-songwriter
    • 1957 – Mukesh Ambani, Indian businessman, chairman of Reliance Industries and currently the richest man in Asia[31][32]
    • 1958 – Steve Antin, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1958 – Stevie B, American singer-songwriter and record producer
    • 1958 – Denis O’Brien, Irish businessman, founded BT Ireland
    • 1958 – Vytautas Šapranauskas, Lithuanian actor (d. 2013)
    • 1958 – Keith Shine, British academic and educator
    • 1959 – Jane Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Surbiton, English activist
    • 1959 – Teofisto Guingona III, Filipino lawyer and politician
    • 1959 – Donald Markwell, Australian sociologist and academic
    • 1960 – Nicoletta Braschi, Italian actress and producer
    • 1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian pianist, composer, and producer
    • 1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1960 – John Schweitz, American basketball player and coach
    • 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player and coach[33]
    • 1961 – Alan Kirschenbaum, American producer and writer (d. 2012)
    • 1961 – Albert Martinez, Filipino actor, director, and producer
    • 1961 – Spike Owen, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Al Unser Jr., American race car driver
    • 1964 – Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer and coach
    • 1964 – Kim Weaver, American astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
    • 1965 – Natalie Dessay, French soprano and actress
    • 1965 – Suge Knight, American record producer, co-founded Death Row Records
    • 1966 – Véronique Gens, French soprano and actress
    • 1966 – David La Haye, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Paul Reiffel, Australian cricketer and umpire
    • 1966 – El Samurai, Japanese wrestler
    • 1967 – Philippe Saint-André, French rugby player and coach
    • 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress and activist
    • 1968 – Arshad Warsi, Indian film actor and producer
    • 1969 – Andrew Carnie, Canadian-American linguist, author, and academic
    • 1969 – Susan Polgar, Hungarian-American chess player
    • 1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1970 – Kelly Holmes, English runner
    • 1970 – Abelardo Fernández, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Brendon Burns, Australian comedian, podcaster, writer and author
    • 1971 – Scott McCord, Canadian voice actor
    • 1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
    • 1972 – Jeff Wilkins, American football player
    • 1973 – George Gregan, Zambian-Australian rugby player and coach
    • 1973 – Alessio Scarpi, Italian footballer
    • 1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1975 – Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer
    • 1976 – Ruud Jolie, Dutch guitarist
    • 1976 – Scott Padgett, American basketball player, coach, and radio host
    • 1976 – Kim Young-oh, South Korean author and illustrator
    • 1977 – Joe Beimel, American baseball player
    • 1977 – Anju Bobby George, Indian long jumper
    • 1977 – Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1977 – Dennys Reyes, Mexican baseball player
    • 1977 – Jonny Storm, English wrestler and trainer
    • 1978 – James Franco, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
    • 1978 – Amanda Sage, American-Austrian painter and educator
    • 1979 – Rocky Bernard, American football player
    • 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress
    • 1979 – Zhao Junzhe, Chinese footballer
    • 1980 – Jason Blaine, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1980 – Robyn Regehr, Brazilian-Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian actor and producer
    • 1981 – Ryuta Hara, Japanese footballer
    • 1981 – Martin Havlát, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1981 – James Hibberd, English cricketer
    • 1981 – Troy Polamalu, American football player
    • 1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
    • 1982 – Joseph Hagerty, American gymnast
    • 1982 – Filip Jícha, Czech handball player
    • 1982 – Samuel C. Morrison, Jr., Liberian-American journalist, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1982 – Rocco Sabato, Italian footballer
    • 1982 – Ignacio Serricchio, Argentinian-American actor
    • 1982 – Sitiveni Sivivatu, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1983 – Alberto Callaspo, Venezuelan-American baseball player
    • 1983 – Zach Duke, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Joe Mauer, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Patrick Platins, German footballer
    • 1983 – Curtis Thigpen, American baseball player
    • 1984 – Christopher Pearce, English cricketer
    • 1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss footballer
    • 1985 – David Cavazos, Mexican singer-songwriter
    • 1985 – Sabrina Jalees, Canadian comedian, dancer, actress, presenter, and writer
    • 1985 – Jan Zimmermann, German footballer
    • 1986 – Pascal Angan, Beninese footballer
    • 1986 – Candace Parker, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Gabe Pruitt, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Will Thursfield, English-Australian footballer
    • 1987 – Luigi Giorgi, Italian footballer
    • 1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer
    • 1987 – Daniel Schuhmacher, German singer-songwriter
    • 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
    • 1987 – Lauren Wilson, Canadian figure skater
    • 1988 – Enrique Esqueda, Mexican footballer
    • 1989 – Dominik Mader, German footballer
    • 1989 – Daisuke Watabe, Japanese footballer
    • 1989 – Genoveva Añonma, Equatoguinean footballer
    • 1990 – Jackie Bradley, Jr., American baseball player
    • 1990 – Kim Chiu, Filipino actress, singer, and dancer[34]
    • 1990 – Héctor Herrera, Mexican footballer
    • 1990 – Ayaka Takahashi, Japanese badminton player
    • 1991 – Steve Cook, English footballer

    Deaths April 19

    • 843 – Judith of Bavaria, Frankish empress
    • 1012 – Ælfheah of Canterbury, English archbishop and saint (b. 954)
    • 1013 – Hisham II, Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (b. 966)
    • 1044 – Gothelo I, duke of Lorraine
    • 1054 – Leo IX, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1002)
    • 1321 – Gerasimus I, patriarch of Constantinople
    • 1390 – Robert II, king of Scotland (b. 1316)
    • 1405 – Thomas West, 1st Baron West, English nobleman (b. 1335)[35]
    • 1431 – Adolph III, count of Waldeck (b. 1362)
    • 1560 – Philip Melanchthon, German theologian and reformer (b. 1497)
    • 1567 – Michael Stifel, German monk and mathematician (b. 1487)
    • 1578 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
    • 1588 – Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
    • 1608 – Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English poet, playwright, and politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1536)
    • 1618 – Thomas Bastard, English priest and author (b. 1566)
    • 1619 – Jagat Gosain, Mughal empress (b. 1573)[36]
    • 1629 – Sigismondo d’India, Italian composer (b. 1582)
    • 1632 – Sigismund III Vasa, king of Sweden and Poland (b. 1566)
    • 1686 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish historian and playwright (b. 1610)
    • 1689 – Christina, queen of Sweden (b. 1626)
    • 1733 – Elizabeth Hamilton, countess of Orkney (b. 1657)
    • 1739 – Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1682)
    • 1768 – Canaletto, Italian painter and etcher (b. 1697)
    • 1776 – Jacob Emden, German rabbi and author (b. 1697)
    • 1791 – Richard Price, Welsh-English preacher and philosopher (b. 1723)
    • 1813 – Benjamin Rush, American physician and educator (b. 1745)
    • 1824 – Lord Byron, English-Scottish poet and playwright (b. 1788)
    • 1831 – Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1765)
    • 1833 – James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier, Bahamian-English admiral and politician, 36th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1756)
    • 1840 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (b. 1777)
    • 1854 – Robert Jameson, Scottish mineralogist and academic (b. 1774)
    • 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, English journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
    • 1882 – Charles Darwin, English biologist and theorist (b. 1809)
    • 1893 – Martin Körber, Estonian-German pastor, composer, and conductor (b. 1817)
    • 1901 – Alfred Horatio Belo, American publisher, founded The Dallas Morning News (b. 1839)
    • 1906 – Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
    • 1906 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
    • 1909 – Signe Rink, Greenland-born Danish writer and ethnologist (b. 1836)
    • 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1839)
    • 1915 – Thomas Playford II, English-Australian politician, 17th Premier of South Australia (b. 1837)
    • 1916 – Ephraim Shay, American engineer, designed the Shay locomotive (b. 1839)
    • 1926 – Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian-Swiss statistician and theorist (b. 1874)
    • 1930 – Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1827)
    • 1937 – Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, English cartographer and politician (b. 1856)
    • 1937 – William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist and zoologist (b. 1865)
    • 1941 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer (b. 1878)
    • 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Danish-Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
    • 1950 – Ernst Robert Curtius, French-German philologist and scholar (b. 1886)
    • 1955 – Jim Corbett, British-Indian colonel, hunter, and author (b. 1875)
    • 1960 – Beardsley Ruml, American economist and statistician (b. 1894)
    • 1961 – Max Hainle, German swimmer (b. 1882)
    • 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, German politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
    • 1971 – Luigi Piotti, Italian race car driver (b. 1913)
    • 1975 – Percy Lavon Julian, American chemist and academic (b. 1899)
    • 1987 – Hugh Brannum, American vocalist, arranger, and composer (b. 1910)
    • 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, English novelist and playwright (b. 1907)
    • 1991 – Stanley Hawes, English-Australian director and producer (b. 1905)
    • 1992 – Frankie Howerd, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1917)
    • 1993 – David Koresh, American religious leader (b. 1959)
    • 1993 – George S. Mickelson, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 28th Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
    • 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet, philosopher, and academic Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
    • 1999 – Hermine Braunsteiner, Austrian-German SS officer (b. 1919)
    • 2000 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1918)
    • 2001 – Meldrim Thomson, Jr.. American publisher and politician, 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1912)
    • 2002 – Reginald Rose, American writer (b. 1920)
    • 2003 – Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Indian-English caliph (b. 1928)
    • 2004 – Norris McWhirter, English author and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (b. 1925)
    • 2004 – John Maynard Smith, English biologist and geneticist (b. 1920)
    • 2004 – Jenny Pike, Canadian WWII servicewoman and photographer (b. 1922)[37]
    • 2005 – George P. Cosmatos, Italian-Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1941)
    • 2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
    • 2005 – Clement Meadmore, Australian-American sculptor and author (b. 1929)
    • 2005 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish bassist and composer (b. 1946)
    • 2006 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1921)
    • 2007 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor (b. 1932)
    • 2008 – John Marzano, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1963)
    • 2008 – Alfonso López Trujillo, Colombian cardinal (b. 1935)
    • 2009 – J. G. Ballard, English novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1930)
    • 2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (b. 1946)[38]
    • 2012 – Leopold David de Rothschild, English financier and philanthropist (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Greg Ham, Australian saxophonist, songwriter, and actor (b. 1953)
    • 2012 – Levon Helm, American singer-songwriter, drummer, guitarist, instrumentalist, and actor (b. 1940)
    • 2012 – Valeri Vasiliev, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
    • 2013 – Sivanthi Adithan, Indian businessman (b. 1936)
    • 2013 – Allan Arbus, American actor and photographer (b. 1918)
    • 2013 – Mike Denness, Scottish-English cricketer and referee (b. 1940)
    • 2013 – François Jacob, French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
    • 2013 – E. L. Konigsburg, American author and illustrator (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Al Neuharth, American journalist, author, and publisher, founded USA Today (b. 1924)
    • 2014 – Lindy Berry, American football player (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Ian McIntyre, Scottish journalist and producer (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Frits Thors, Dutch journalist (b. 1909)
    • 2015 – Raymond Carr, English historian and academic (b. 1919)
    • 2015 – William Price Fox, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
    • 2015 – Roy Mason, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Defence (b. 1924)[39]
    • 2015 – Tom McCabe, Scottish social worker and politician (b. 1954)[40]
    • 2015 – Oktay Sinanoğlu, Italian-Turkish chemist and academic (b. 1935)
    • 2016 – Patricio Aylwin, Chilean politician (b. 1918)[41]
    • 2016 – Milt Pappas, American baseball player (b. 1939)[42]
    • 2017 – Aaron Hernandez, American football player (b. 1989)[43]

    Holidays and observances on April 19

    • Christian feast day:
      • Ælfheah of Canterbury (Anglican, Catholic)
      • Conrad of Ascoli
      • Emma of Lesum
      • Expeditus
      • George of Antioch
      • Olaus and Laurentius Petri (Lutheran)
      • Pope Leo IX
      • Ursmar
      • April 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which First Day of Summer or Sumardagurinn fyrsti can fall, while April 25 is the latest; celebrated on the first Thursday after April 18. (Iceland)
    • Army Day (Brazil)
    • Beginning of the Independence Movement (Venezuela)
    • Bicycle Day[44]
    • Dutch-American Friendship Day (United States)
    • Holocaust Remembrance Day (Poland)
    • Indian Day (Brazil)
    • King Mswati III’s birthday (Eswatini)
    • Landing of the 33 Patriots Day (Uruguay)
    • Patriots’ Day (Massachusetts, Maine and Wisconsin, United States)