italian journalist

  • April 3 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich’aak K’ahk’ assumes the crown of Calakmul.
    • 801 – King Louis the Pious captures Barcelona from the Moors after a siege of several months.
    • 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.
    • 1077 – The first Parliament of Friuli is created.
    • 1559 – The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis treaty is signed, ending the Italian Wars.
    • 1860 – The first successful United States Pony Express run from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California, begins.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
    • 1882 – American Old West: Robert Ford kills Jesse James.
    • 1885 – Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
    • 1888 – The first of eleven unsolved brutal murders of women committed in or near the impoverished Whitechapel district in the East End of London, occurs.
    • 1895 – The trial in the libel case brought by Oscar Wilde begins, eventually resulting in his imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
    • 1922 – Joseph Stalin becomes the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
    • 1933 – First flight over Mount Everest, by the British Houston-Mount Everest Flight Expedition, led by the Marquis of Clydesdale, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston.
    • 1936 – Bruno Richard Hauptmann is executed for the kidnapping and death of Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., the baby son of pilot Charles Lindbergh.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces begin an assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula.
    • 1946 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
    • 1948 – Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the Marshall Plan, authorizing $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
    • 1948 – In Jeju Province, South Korea, a civil-war-like period of violence and human rights abuses begins, known as the Jeju uprising.
    • 1955 – The American Civil Liberties Union announces it will defend Allen Ginsberg’s book Howl against obscenity charges.
    • 1956 – Hudsonville–Standale tornado: The western half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan is struck by a deadly F5 tornado.
    • 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop” speech. He was assassinated the next day.
    • 1969 – Vietnam War: United States Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird announces that the United States will start to “Vietnamize” the war effort.
    • 1973 – Martin Cooper of Motorola makes the first handheld mobile phone call to Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.
    • 1974 – The 1974 Super Outbreak occurs, the second biggest tornado outbreak in recorded history (after the 2011 Super Outbreak). The death toll is 315, with nearly 5,500 injured.
    • 1975 – Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title of World Champion by default.
    • 1980 – US Congress restores a federal trust relationship with the 501 members of the Shvwits, Kanosh, Koosharem, and the Indian Peaks and Cedar City bands of the Paiute people of Utah.
    • 1981 – The Osborne 1, the first successful portable computer, is unveiled at the West Coast Computer Faire in San Francisco.
    • 1989 – The US Supreme Court upholds the jurisdictional rights of tribal courts under the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 in Mississippi Choctaw Band v. Holyfield.
    • 1996 – Suspected “Unabomber” Theodore Kaczynski is captured at his Montana cabin in the United States.
    • 1997 – The Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but one of the 53 inhabitants of Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
    • 2000 – United States v. Microsoft Corp.: Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust law by keeping “an oppressive thumb” on its competitors.
    • 2004 – Islamic terrorists involved in the 2004 Madrid train bombings are trapped by the police in their apartment and kill themselves.
    • 2007 – Conventional-Train World Speed Record: A French TGV train on the LGV Est high speed line sets an official new world speed record.
    • 2008 – ATA Airlines, once one of the ten largest U.S. passenger airlines and largest charter airline, files for bankruptcy for the second time in five years and ceases all operations.
    • 2008 – Texas law enforcement cordons off the FLDS’s YFZ Ranch. Eventually, 533 women and children will be taken into state custody.
    • 2009 – Jiverly Antares Wong opens fire at the American Civic Association immigration center in Binghamton, New York, killing thirteen and wounding four before committing suicide.
    • 2010 – Apple Inc. released the first generation iPad, a tablet computer.
    • 2013 – More than 50 people die in floods resulting from record-breaking rainfall in La Plata and Buenos Aires, Argentina.
    • 2016 – The Panama Papers, a leak of legal documents, reveals information on 214,488 offshore companies.
    • 2017 – A bomb explodes in the St Petersburg metro system, killing 14 and injuring several more people.
    • 2018 – YouTube headquarters shooting.

    Births on April 3

    • 1016 – Xing Zong, Chinese emperor (d. 1055)
    • 1151 – Igor Svyatoslavich, Russian prince (d. 1202)
    • 1438 – John III of Egmont, Dutch nobleman (d. 1516)
    • 1529 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1581)
    • 1540 – Maria de’ Medici, Italian noblewoman, the eldest daughter of Cosimo I de’ Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Eleonora di Toledo. (d. 1557)
    • 1593 – George Herbert, English poet (d. 1633)
    • 1639 – Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
    • 1643 – Charles V, duke of Lorraine (d. 1690)
    • 1682 – Valentin Rathgeber, German organist and composer (d. 1750)
    • 1693 – George Edwards, English ornithologist and entomologist (d. 1773)
    • 1715 – William Watson, English physician, physicist, and botanist (d. 1787)
    • 1764 – John Abernethy, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1831)
    • 1769 – Christian Günther von Bernstorff, Danish-Prussian politician and diplomat (d. 1835)
    • 1770 – Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general (d. 1843)
    • 1778 – Pierre Bretonneau, French doctor who performed the first successful tracheotomy (d. 1862)
    • 1781 – Swaminarayan, Indian religious leader (d. 1830)
    • 1782 – Alexander Macomb, American general (d. 1841)
    • 1783 – Washington Irving, American short story writer, essayist, biographer, historian (d. 1859)
    • 1791 – Anne Lister, English diarist, mountaineer, and traveller (d.1840)
    • 1798 – Charles Wilkes, American admiral, geographer, and explorer (d.1877)
    • 1807 – Mary Carpenter, English educational and social reformer (d. 1877)
    • 1814 – Lorenzo Snow, American religious leader, 5th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1901)
    • 1822 – Edward Everett Hale, American minister, historian, and author (d. 1909)
    • 1823 – George Derby, American lieutenant and journalist (d. 1861)
    • 1823 – William M. Tweed, American politician (d. 1878)
    • 1826 – Cyrus K. Holliday, American businessman (d. 1900)
    • 1837 – John Burroughs, American botanist and author (d. 1921)
    • 1842 – Ulric Dahlgren, American colonel (d. 1864)
    • 1848 – Arturo Prat, Chilean lawyer and captain (d. 1879)
    • 1858 – Jacob Gaudaur, Canadian rower (d. 1937)
    • 1860 – Frederik van Eeden, Dutch psychiatrist and author (d. 1932)
    • 1864 – Emil Kellenberger, Swiss target shooter (d. 1943)
    • 1875 – Mistinguett, French actress and singer (d. 1956)
    • 1876 – Margaret Anglin, Canadian actress, director, and producer (d. 1958)
    • 1876 – Tomáš Baťa, Czech businessman, founded Bata Shoes (d. 1932)
    • 1880 – Otto Weininger, Jewish-Austrian philosopher and author (d. 1903)
    • 1881 – Alcide De Gasperi, Italian journalist and politician, 30th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1954)
    • 1882 – Philippe Desranleau, Canadian archbishop (d. 1952)
    • 1883 – Ikki Kita, Japanese philosopher and author (d. 1937)
    • 1885 – Allan Dwan, Canadian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1981)
    • 1885 – Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 1954)
    • 1885 – Marie-Victorin Kirouac, Canadian botanist and academic (d. 1944)
    • 1885 – St John Philby, English colonial and explorer (d. 1960)
    • 1886 – Dooley Wilson, American actor and singer (d. 1953)
    • 1887 – Ōtori Tanigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 24th Yokozuna (d. 1956)
    • 1887 – Nishizō Tsukahara, Japanese admiral (d. 1966)
    • 1888 – Neville Cardus, English author and critic (d. 1975)
    • 1888 – Thomas C. Kinkaid, American admiral (d. 1972)
    • 1889 – Grigoraș Dinicu, Romanian violinist and composer (d. 1949)
    • 1893 – Leslie Howard, English actor (d. 1943)
    • 1895 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian-American composer and educator (d. 1968)
    • 1895 – Zez Confrey, American pianist and composer (d. 1971)
    • 1897 – Joe Kirkwood Sr., Australian golfer (d. 1970)
    • 1897 – Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos, Greek general (d. 1989)
    • 1898 – David Jack, English footballer and manager (d. 1958)
    • 1898 – George Jessel, American actor, singer, and producer (d. 1981)
    • 1898 – Henry Luce, American publisher, co-founded Time Magazine (d. 1967)
    • 1900 – Camille Chamoun, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 7th President of Lebanon (d. 1987)
    • 1900 – Albert Walsh, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1958)
    • 1903 – Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, Indian social reformer and freedom fighter (d. 1988)
    • 1904 – Iron Eyes Cody, American actor and stuntman (d. 1999)
    • 1904 – Sally Rand, American dancer (d. 1979)
    • 1904 – Russel Wright, American furniture designer (d. 1976)
    • 1905 – Robert Sink, American general (d. 1965)
    • 1909 – Stanislaw Ulam, Polish-American mathematician and academic (d. 1984)
    • 1910 – Ted Hook, Australian public servant (d. 1990)
    • 1911 – Nanette Bordeaux, Canadian-American actress (d. 1956)
    • 1911 – Michael Woodruff, English-Scottish surgeon and academic (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – Stanisława Walasiewicz, Polish-American runner (d. 1980)
    • 1912 – Dorothy Eden, New Zealand-English author (d. 1982)
    • 1912 – Grigoris Lambrakis, Greek physician and politician (d. 1963)
    • 1913 – Per Borten, Norwegian politician, 18th Prime Minister of Norway (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – Ray Getliffe, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2008)
    • 1914 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian field marshal (d. 2008)
    • 1915 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician and naval officer, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 2016)
    • 1915 – İhsan Doğramacı, Turkish physician and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1916 – Herb Caen, American journalist and author (d. 1997)
    • 1916 – Cliff Gladwin, English cricketer (d. 1988)
    • 1916 – Louis Guglielmi, Catalan composer (d. 1991)
    • 1918 – Mary Anderson, American actress (d. 2014)
    • 1918 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (d. 2000)
    • 1919 – Ervin Drake, American songwriter and composer (d. 2015)
    • 1919 – Clairette Oddera, French-Canadian actress and singer (d. 2008)
    • 1920 – Stan Freeman, American composer and conductor (d. 2001)
    • 1920 – Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 43rd Yokozuna (d. 1977)
    • 1921 – Robert Karvelas, American actor (d. 1991)
    • 1921 – Jan Sterling, American actress (d. 2004)
    • 1922 – Yevhen Bulanchyk, Ukrainian hurdler (d. 1996)
    • 1922 – Doris Day, American singer and actress (d. 2019)
    • 1923 – Daniel Hoffman, American poet and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1924 – Marlon Brando, American actor and director (d. 2004)
    • 1924 – Roza Shanina, Russian sergeant and sniper (d. 1945)
    • 1925 – Tony Benn, English pilot and politician, Secretary of State for Industry (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Alex Grammas, American baseball player, manager, and coach (d. 2019)
    • 1926 – Gus Grissom, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1967)
    • 1927 – Wesley A. Brown, American general and engineer (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Don Gibson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2003)
    • 1928 – Emmett Johns, Canadian priest, founded Dans la Rue (d. 2018)
    • 1928 – Earl Lloyd, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Jennifer Paterson, English chef and television personality (d. 1999)
    • 1929 – Fazlur Rahman Khan, Bangladeshi engineer and architect, co-designed the Willis Tower and John Hancock Center (d. 1982)
    • 1929 – Poul Schlüter, Danish lawyer and politician, 37th Prime Minister of Denmark
    • 1930 – Lawton Chiles, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 41st Governor of Florida (d. 1998)
    • 1930 – Helmut Kohl, German politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 2017)
    • 1930 – Mario Benjamín Menéndez, Argentinian general and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – Wally Moon, American baseball player and coach (d. 2018)
    • 1931 – William Bast, American screenwriter and author (d. 2015)
    • 1933 – Bob Dornan, American politician
    • 1933 – Rod Funseth, American golfer (d. 1985)
    • 1934 – Pamela Allen, New Zealand children’s writer and illustrator
    • 1934 – Jane Goodall, English primatologist and anthropologist
    • 1934 – Jim Parker, American football player (d. 2005)
    • 1936 – Jimmy McGriff, American organist and bandleader (d. 2008)
    • 1936 – Harold Vick, American saxophonist and flute player (d. 1987)
    • 1938 – Jeff Barry, American singer-songwriter, and producer
    • 1938 – Phil Rodgers, American golfer (d. 2018)
    • 1939 – François de Roubaix, French composer (d. 1975)
    • 1939 – Hawk Taylor, American baseball player and coach (d. 2012)
    • 1939 – Paul Craig Roberts, American economist and politician
    • 1941 – Jan Berry, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
    • 1941 – Philippé Wynne, American soul singer (d. 1984)
    • 1942 – Marsha Mason, American actress
    • 1942 – Wayne Newton, American singer
    • 1942 – Billy Joe Royal, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2015)
    • 1943 – Mario Lavista, Mexican composer
    • 1943 – Jonathan Lynn, English actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Richard Manuel, Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1986)
    • 1943 – Hikaru Saeki, Japanese admiral, the first female star officer of the Japan Self-Defense Forces
    • 1944 – Peter Colman, Australian biologist and academic
    • 1944 – Tony Orlando, American singer
    • 1945 – Doon Arbus, American author and journalist
    • 1945 – Bernie Parent, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1945 – Catherine Spaak, French actress
    • 1946 – Nicholas Jones, English actor
    • 1946 – Dee Murray, English bass player (d. 1992)
    • 1946 – Hanna Suchocka, Polish lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Poland
    • 1947 – Anders Eliasson, Swedish composer (d. 2013)
    • 1948 – Arlette Cousture, Canadian author and screenwriter
    • 1948 – Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, Dutch academic, politician, and diplomat, 11th Secretary General of NATO
    • 1948 – Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck, German footballer
    • 1948 – Carlos Salinas de Gortari, Mexican economist and politician, 53rd President of Mexico
    • 1949 – Lyle Alzado, American football player and actor (d. 1992)
    • 1949 – A. C. Grayling, English philosopher and academic
    • 1949 – Richard Thompson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1950 – Indrajit Coomaraswamy, Sri Lankan cricketer and economist
    • 1951 – Brendan Barber, English trade union leader
    • 1951 – Annette Dolphin, British academician and educator
    • 1951 – Mitch Woods, American singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1952 – Mike Moore, American lawyer and politician
    • 1953 – Sandra Boynton, American author and illustrator
    • 1953 – Wakanohana Kanji II, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 56th Yokozuna
    • 1953 – James Smith, American boxer
    • 1953 – Craig Taubman, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1954 – Elisabetta Brusa, Italian composer
    • 1954 – K. Krishnasamy, Indian physician and politician
    • 1956 – Kalle Kulbok, Estonian politician
    • 1956 – Boris Miljković, Serbian director and producer
    • 1956 – Miguel Bosé, Spanish musician and actor
    • 1956 – Ray Combs, American game show host (d. 1996)
    • 1958 – Alec Baldwin, American actor, comedian, producer and television host
    • 1958 – Adam Gussow, American scholar, musician, and memoirist
    • 1958 – Francesca Woodman, Jewish-American photographer (d. 1981)
    • 1959 – David Hyde Pierce, American actor and activist
    • 1960 – Arjen Anthony Lucassen, Dutch singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1961 – Tim Crews, American baseball player (d. 1993)
    • 1961 – Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
    • 1962 – Dave Miley, American baseball player and manager
    • 1962 – Mike Ness, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1962 – Jaya Prada, Indian actress and politician
    • 1963 – Les Davidson, Australian rugby league player
    • 1963 – Ricky Nixon, Australian footballer and manager
    • 1963 – Criss Oliva, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1993)
    • 1964 – Marco Ballotta, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1964 – Nigel Farage, English politician
    • 1964 – Claire Perry, English banker and politician
    • 1964 – Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist and manager
    • 1964 – Andy Robinson, English rugby player and coach
    • 1964 – Jay Weatherill, Australian politician, 45th Premier of South Australia
    • 1965 – Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer-songwriter, lawyer and social activist (d. 2000)
    • 1966 – John de Vries, Australian race car driver
    • 1967 – Cat Cora, American chef and author
    • 1967 – Pervis Ellison, American basketball player
    • 1967 – Brent Gilchrist, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1967 – Cristi Puiu, Romanian director and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Mark Skaife, Australian race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1968 – Sebastian Bach, Bahamian-Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1968 – Charlotte Coleman, English actress (d. 2001)
    • 1968 – Jamie Hewlett, English director and performer
    • 1968 – Tomoaki Kanemoto, Japanese baseball player
    • 1969 – Rodney Hampton, American football player
    • 1969 – Peter Matera, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1969 – Ben Mendelsohn, Australian actor
    • 1969 – Lance Storm, Canadian wrestler and trainer
    • 1971 – Vitālijs Astafjevs, Latvian footballer and manager
    • 1971 – Emmanuel Collard, French race car driver
    • 1971 – Picabo Street, American skier
    • 1972 – Jennie Garth, American actress and director
    • 1972 – Catherine McCormack, English actress
    • 1972 – Sandrine Testud, French tennis player
    • 1973 – Nilesh Kulkarni, Indian cricketer
    • 1973 – Adam Scott, American actor
    • 1974 – Marcus Brown, American basketball player
    • 1974 – Drew Shirley, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1974 – Lee Williams, Welsh model and actor
    • 1975 – Shawn Bates, American ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Michael Olowokandi, Nigerian-American basketball player
    • 1975 – Aries Spears, American comedian and actor
    • 1975 – Yoshinobu Takahashi, Japanese baseball player
    • 1975 – Koji Uehara, Japanese baseball player
    • 1976 – Nicolas Escudé, French tennis player
    • 1978 – Matthew Goode, English actor
    • 1978 – Tommy Haas, German-American tennis player
    • 1978 – John Smit, South African rugby player
    • 1979 – Simon Black, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1980 – Andrei Lodis, Belarusian footballer
    • 1980 – Megan Rohrer, American pastor and transgender activist
    • 1981 – Aaron Bertram, American trumpet player
    • 1981 – DeShawn Stevenson, American basketball player
    • 1982 – Jared Allen, American football player
    • 1982 – Iain Fyfe, Australian footballer
    • 1982 – Cobie Smulders, Canadian actress
    • 1983 – Ben Foster, English footballer
    • 1983 – Stephen Weiss, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Jonathan Blondel, Belgian footballer
    • 1984 – Maxi López, Argentinian footballer
    • 1985 – Jari-Matti Latvala, Finnish race car driver
    • 1985 – Leona Lewis, English singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1986 – Amanda Bynes, American actress
    • 1986 – Stephanie Cox, American soccer player
    • 1986 – Annalisa Cucinotta, Italian cyclist
    • 1986 – Sergio Sánchez Ortega, Spanish footballer
    • 1987 – Rachel Bloom, American actress, writer, and producer
    • 1987 – Jay Bruce, American baseball player
    • 1987 – Yileen Gordon, Australian rugby league player
    • 1987 – Jason Kipnis, American baseball player
    • 1987 – Martyn Rooney, English sprinter
    • 1987 – Julie Sokolow, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1988 – Kam Chancellor, American football player
    • 1988 – Brandon Graham, American football player
    • 1988 – Peter Hartley, English footballer
    • 1988 – Tim Krul, Dutch footballer
    • 1989 – Romain Alessandrini, French footballer
    • 1989 – Israel Folau, Australian rugby player and footballer
    • 1989 – Joel Romelo, Australian rugby league player
    • 1989 – Thisara Perera, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1990 – Karim Ansarifard, Iranian footballer
    • 1990 – Madison Brengle, American tennis player
    • 1990 – Sotiris Ninis, Greek footballer
    • 1990 – Natasha Negovanlis, Canadian actress and singer
    • 1991 – Hayley Kiyoko, American actress and singer
    • 1992 – Simone Benedetti, Italian footballer
    • 1992 – Yuliya Yefimova, Russian swimmer
    • 1993 – Pape Moussa Konaté, Senegalese footballer
    • 1994 – Kodi Nikorima, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1996 – Mayo Hibi, Japanese tennis player
    • 1997 – Gabriel Jesus, Brazilian footballer
    • 1998 – Paris Jackson, American actress, model and singer

    Deaths on April 3

    • 963 – William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)
    • 1153 – al-Adil ibn al-Sallar, vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate
    • 1171 – Philip of Milly, seventh Grand Master of the Knights Templar (b. c. 1120)
    • 1203 – Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1187)
    • 1253 – Saint Richard of Chichester
    • 1287 – Pope Honorius IV (b. 1210)
    • 1325 – Nizamuddin Auliya, Sufi saint (b. 1238)
    • 1350 – Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1295)
    • 1538 – Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire (b. 1480)
    • 1545 – Antonio de Guevara, Spanish chronicler and moralist (b. 1481)
    • 1606 – Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1563)
    • 1630 – Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey, English noble (b. c.  1593)
    • 1680 – Shivaji, Indian emperor, founded the Maratha Empire (b. 1630)
    • 1682 – Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter and educator (b. 1618)
    • 1691 – Jean Petitot, French-Swiss painter (b. 1608)
    • 1695 – Melchior d’Hondecoeter, Dutch painter (b. 1636)
    • 1717 – Jacques Ozanam, French mathematician and academic (b. 1640)
    • 1728 – James Anderson, Scottish lawyer and historian (b. 1662)
    • 1792 – George Pocock, English admiral (b. 1706)
    • 1804 – Jędrzej Kitowicz, Polish priest, historian, and author (b. 1727)
    • 1827 – Ernst Chladni, German physicist and academic (b. 1756)
    • 1838 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician and author (b. 1780)
    • 1844 – Edward Bigge, English cleric, 1st Archdeacon of Lindisfarne (b. 1807)
    • 1846 – William Braine, English soldier and explorer (b. 1814)
    • 1849 – Juliusz Słowacki, Polish-French poet and playwright (b. 1809)
    • 1868 – Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and surgeon (b. 1796)
    • 1882 – Jesse James, American criminal and outlaw (b. 1847)
    • 1897 – Johannes Brahms, German pianist and composer (b. 1833)
    • 1901 – Richard D’Oyly Carte, English composer and talent agent (b. 1844)
    • 1902 – Esther Hobart Morris, American lawyer and judge (b. 1814)
    • 1930 – Emma Albani, Canadian-English operatic soprano (b. 1847)
    • 1936 – Richard Hauptmann, German-American murderer (b. 1899)
    • 1941 – Tachiyama Mineemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 22nd Yokozuna (b. 1877)
    • 1941 – Pál Teleki, Hungarian academic and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1879)
    • 1943 – Conrad Veidt, German actor, director, and producer (b. 1893)
    • 1946 – Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (b. 1887)
    • 1950 – Kurt Weill, German-American composer and pianist (b. 1900)
    • 1950 – Carter G. Woodson, American historian, author, and journalist, founded Black History Month (b. 1875)
    • 1951 – Henrik Visnapuu, Estonian poet and playwright (b. 1890)
    • 1952 – Miina Sillanpää, Finnish minister and politician (b. 1866)
    • 1957 – Ned Sparks, Canadian-American actor (b. 1883)
    • 1958 – Jaan Kärner, Estonian poet and author (b. 1891)
    • 1962 – Manolis Kalomiris, Greek composer and educator (b. 1883)
    • 1970 – Avigdor Hameiri, Israeli author (b. 1890)
    • 1971 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (b. 1904)
    • 1972 – Ferde Grofé, American pianist and composer (b. 1892)
    • 1975 – Mary Ure, Scottish-English actress (b. 1933)
    • 1976 – David M. Dennison, American physicist and academic (b. 1900)
    • 1976 – Claude-Henri Grignon, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1894)
    • 1978 – Ray Noble, English bandleader, composer, and actor (b. 1903)
    • 1978 – Winston Sharples, American composer (b. 1909)
    • 1981 – Juan Trippe, American businessman, founded Pan American World Airways (b. 1899)
    • 1982 – Warren Oates, American actor (b. 1928)
    • 1983 – Jimmy Bloomfield, English footballer and manager (b. 1934)
    • 1986 – Peter Pears, English tenor and educator (b. 1910)
    • 1987 – Tom Sestak, American football player (b. 1936)
    • 1988 – Milton Caniff, American cartoonist (b. 1907)
    • 1990 – Sarah Vaughan, American singer (b. 1924)
    • 1991 – Charles Goren, American bridge player and author (b. 1901)
    • 1991 – Graham Greene, English novelist, playwright, and critic (b. 1904)
    • 1993 – Pinky Lee, American television host (b. 1907)
    • 1994 – Frank Wells, American businessman (b. 1932)
    • 1995 – Alfred J. Billes, Canadian businessman, co-founded Canadian Tire (b. 1902)
    • 1996 – Ron Brown, American captain and politician, 30th United States Secretary of Commerce (b. 1941)
    • 1998 – Mary Cartwright, English mathematician and academic (b. 1900)
    • 1999 – Lionel Bart, English composer (b. 1930)
    • 1999 – Geoffrey Walsh, Canadian general (b. 1909)
    • 2000 – Terence McKenna, American botanist and philosopher (b. 1946)
    • 2000 – Dina Abramowicz, Librarian and YIVO and Yiddish language expert (b. 1909)
    • 2005 – François Gérin, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
    • 2007 – Nina Wang, Chinese businesswoman (b. 1937)
    • 2008 – Hrvoje Ćustić, Croatian footballer (b. 1983)
    • 2012 – Mingote, Spanish cartoonist and journalist (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – Richard Descoings, French civil servant (b. 1958)
    • 2012 – Govind Narain, Indian politician, 8th Governor of Karnataka (b. 1917)
    • 2012 – Chief Jay Strongbow, American wrestler (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – José María Zárraga, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Mariví Bilbao, Spanish actress (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, German-American author and screenwriter (b. 1927)
    • 2014 – Régine Deforges, French author, playwright, and director (b. 1935)
    • 2014 – Fred Kida, American illustrator (b. 1920)
    • 2014 – Prince Michael of Prussia (b. 1940)
    • 2014 – Jovan Pavlović, Serbian metropolitan (b. 1936)
    • 2014 – Arthur “Guitar Boogie” Smith, American guitarist, fiddler, and composer (b. 1921)
    • 2015 – Sarah Brady, American activist and author (b. 1942)
    • 2015 – Bob Burns, American drummer and songwriter (b. 1950)
    • 2015 – Shmuel Wosner, Austrian-Israeli rabbi and author (b. 1913)
    • 2016 – Cesare Maldini, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1932)
    • 2016 – Joe Medicine Crow, American anthropologist, historian, and author (b. 1913)
    • 2016 – Koji Wada, Japanese singer and songwriter (b. 1974)
    • 2017 – Kishori Amonkar, Indian Classical Vocalist (b. 1931)

    Holidays and observances on April 3

    • Christian feast day:
      • Agape, Chionia, and Irene
      • Burgundofara
      • Luigi Scrosoppi
      • Richard of Chichester
      • April 3 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • March 30 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro-Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague.
    • 1282 – The people of Sicily rebel against the Angevin king Charles I, in what becomes known as the Sicilian Vespers.
    • 1296 – Edward I sacks Berwick-upon-Tweed, during armed conflict between Scotland and England.
    • 1699 – Guru Gobind Singh establishes the Khalsa in Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
    • 1815 – Joachim Murat issues the Rimini Proclamation which would later inspire Italian unification.
    • 1818 – Physicist Augustin Fresnel reads a memoir on optical rotation to the French Academy of Sciences, reporting that when polarized light is “depolarized” by a Fresnel rhomb, its properties are preserved in any subsequent passage through an optically-rotating crystal or liquid.
    • 1822 – The Florida Territory is created in the United States.
    • 1841 – The National Bank of Greece is founded in Athens.
    • 1842 – Ether anesthesia is used for the first time, in an operation by the American surgeon Dr. Crawford Long.
    • 1844 – One of the most important battles of the Dominican War of Independence from Haiti takes place near the city of Santiago de los Caballeros.
    • 1855 – Origins of the American Civil War: “Border Ruffians” from Missouri invade Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.
    • 1856 – The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Crimean War.
    • 1861 – Discovery of the chemical elements: Sir William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium.
    • 1863 – Danish prince Wilhelm Georg is chosen as King George of Greece.
    • 1867 – Alaska is purchased from Russia for $7.2 million, about 2-cent/acre ($4.19/km²), by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward.
    • 1870 – Texas is readmitted to the United States Congress following Reconstruction.
    • 1885 – The Battle for Kushka triggers the Panjdeh Incident which nearly gives rise to war between the Russian and British Empire.
    • 1899 – German Society of Chemistry issues an invitation to other national scientific organizations to appoint delegates to the International Committee on Atomic Weights.
    • 1912 – Sultan Abd al-Hafid signs the Treaty of Fez, making Morocco a French protectorate.
    • 1918 – Outburst of bloody March Events in Baku and other locations of Baku Governorate.
    • 1939 – The Heinkel He 100 fighter sets a world airspeed record of 463 mph (745 km/h).
    • 1940 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Japan declares Nanking capital of a new Chinese puppet government, nominally controlled by Wang Jingwei.
    • 1944 – World War II: Allied bombers conduct their most severe bombing run on Sofia, Bulgaria.
    • 1944 – Out of 795 Lancasters, Halifaxes and Mosquitos sent to attack Nuremberg, 95 bombers do not return, making it the largest RAF Bomber Command loss of the war.
    • 1945 – World War II: Soviet forces invade Austria and capture Vienna; Polish and Soviet forces liberate Danzig.
    • 1949 – Cold War: A riot breaks out in Austurvöllur square in Reykjavík, when Iceland joins NATO.
    • 1959 – Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, flees Tibet for India.
    • 1961 – The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs is signed in New York City.
    • 1965 – Vietnam War: A car bomb explodes in front of the United States Embassy, Saigon, killing 22 and wounding 183 others.
    • 1972 – Vietnam War: The Easter Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam.
    • 1976 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: in the first organized response against Israeli policies by a Palestinian collective since 1948, Palestinians create the first Land Day.
    • 1979 – Airey Neave, a British Member of Parliament, is killed by a car bomb as he exits the Palace of Westminster. The Irish National Liberation Army claims responsibility.
    • 1981 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C., hotel by John Hinckley, Jr.; three others are wounded in the same incident.
    • 1982 – Space Shuttle program: STS-3 mission is completed with the landing of Columbia at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico.
    • 2002 – 2002 Lyon car attack takes place.
    • 2009 – Twelve gunmen attack the Manawan Police Academy in Lahore, Pakistan.
    • 2017 – SpaceX conducts the world’s first reflight of an orbital class rocket.

    Births on March 30

    • 892 – Shi Jingtang, founder of the Later Jin Dynasty (d. 942)
    • 1135 – Maimonides, Spanish rabbi and philosopher (April 6 also proposed, d. 1204)
    • 1326 – Ivan II of Moscow (d. 1359)
    • 1432 – Mehmed the Conqueror, Ottoman sultan (d. 1481)
    • 1510 – Antonio de Cabezón, Spanish composer and organist (d. 1566)
    • 1551 – Salomon Schweigger, German theologian (d. 1622)
    • 1606 – Vincentio Reinieri, Italian mathematician and astronomer (d. 1647)
    • 1632 – John Proctor, farmer hanged for witchcraft in the Salem witch trials (d. 1692)
    • 1640 – John Trenchard, English politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department (d. 1695)
    • 1727 – Tommaso Traetta, Italian composer and educator (d. 1779)
    • 1746 – Francisco Goya, Spanish-French painter and sculptor (d. 1828)
    • 1750 – John Stafford Smith, English organist and composer (d. 1836)
    • 1793 – Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentinian soldier and politician, 13th Governor of Buenos Aires Province (d. 1877)
    • 1805 – Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, German-Swedish linguist and botanist (d. 1887)
    • 1811 – Robert Bunsen, German chemist and academic (d. 1899)
    • 1820 – Anna Sewell, English author (d. 1878)
    • 1820 – James Whyte, Scottish-Australian politician, 6th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1882)
    • 1844 – Paul Verlaine, French poet (d. 1896)
    • 1853 – Vincent van Gogh, Dutch-French painter and illustrator (d. 1890)
    • 1853 – Arnoldo Sartorio, German composer, pianist, and teacher (d. 1936)
    • 1857 – Léon Charles Thévenin, French engineer (d. 1926)
    • 1858 – Siegfried Alkan, German composer (d. 1941)
    • 1863 – Mary Calkins, American philosopher and psychologist (d. 1930)
    • 1864 – Franz Oppenheimer, German-American sociologist and economist (d. 1943)
    • 1874 – Charles Lightoller, English 2nd officer on the RMS Titanic (d. 1952)
    • 1874 – Josiah McCracken, American hammer thrower, shot putter, and football player (d. 1962)
    • 1874 – Nicolae Rădescu, Romanian general and politician, Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1953)
    • 1875 – Thomas Xenakis, Greek-American gymnast (d. 1942)
    • 1879 – Coen de Koning, Dutch speed skater (d. 1954)
    • 1880 – Seán O’Casey, Irish dramatist, playwright, and memoirist (d. 1964)
    • 1882 – Melanie Klein, Jewish Austrian-English psychologist and author (d. 1960)
    • 1888 – J. R. Williams, Canadian-born cartoonist (d. 1957)
    • 1891 – Chunseong, Korean monk, writer and philosopher (d. 1977)
    • 1892 – Stefan Banach, Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1945)
    • 1892 – Fortunato Depero, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1960)
    • 1892 – Erhard Milch, German field marshal (d. 1972)
    • 1892 – Johannes Pääsuke, Estonian photographer and director (d. 1918)
    • 1892 – Erwin Panofsky, German historian and academic (d. 1968)
    • 1894 – Tommy Green, English race walker (d. 1975)
    • 1894 – Sergey Ilyushin, Russian engineer, founded Ilyushin Aircraft Company (d. 1977)
    • 1895 – Jean Giono, French author and poet (d. 1970)
    • 1895 – Carl Lutz, Swiss vice-consul to Hungary during WWII, credited with saving over 62,000 Jews (d. 1975)
    • 1895 – Charlie Wilson, English footballer (d. 1971)
    • 1899 – Sharadindu Bandyopadhyay, Indian author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1970)
    • 1902 – Brooke Astor, American socialite and philanthropist (d. 2007)
    • 1902 – Ted Heath, English trombonist and composer (d. 1969)
    • 1903 – Joy Ridderhof, American missionary (d. 1984)
    • 1904 – Ripper Collins, American baseball player and coach (d. 1970)
    • 1905 – Archie Birkin, English motorcycle racer (d. 1927)
    • 1905 – Mikio Oda, Japanese triple jumper and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1905 – Albert Pierrepoint, English hangman (d. 1992)
    • 1907 – Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, German general (d. 1994)
    • 1910 – Józef Marcinkiewicz, Polish soldier, mathematician, and academic (d. 1940)
    • 1911 – Ekrem Akurgal, Turkish archaeologist and academic (d. 2002)
    • 1912 – Jack Cowie, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1994)
    • 1912 – Alvin Hamilton, Canadian lieutenant and politician, 18th Canadian Minister of Agriculture (d. 2004)
    • 1913 – Marc Davis, American animator (d. 2000)
    • 1913 – Richard Helms, American soldier and diplomat, 8th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 2002)
    • 1913 – Frankie Laine, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1913 – Ċensu Tabone, Maltese general, physician, and politician, 4th President of Malta (d. 2012)
    • 1914 – Sonny Boy Williamson I, American singer-songwriter and harmonica player (d. 1948)
    • 1915 – Pietro Ingrao, Italian journalist and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1917 – Els Aarne, Ukrainian-Estonian pianist, composer, and educator (d. 1995)
    • 1919 – McGeorge Bundy, American intelligence officer and diplomat, 6th United States National Security Advisor (d. 1996)
    • 1919 – Robin M. Williams, New Zealand mathematician and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – André Fontaine, French historian and journalist (d. 2013)
    • 1922 – Turhan Bey, American actor (d. 2012)
    • 1922 – Arthur Wightman, American physicist and academic (d. 2013)
    • 1923 – Milton Acorn, Canadian poet and playwright (d. 1986)
    • 1926 – Ingvar Kamprad, Swedish businessman, founded IKEA (d. 2018)
    • 1927 – Wally Grout, Australian cricketer (d. 1968)
    • 1928 – Robert Badinter, French lawyer and politician, French Minister of Justice
    • 1928 – Colin Egar, Australian cricket umpire (d. 2008)
    • 1928 – Tom Sharpe, English-Spanish author and educator (d. 2013)
    • 1929 – Richard Dysart, American actor (d. 2015)
    • 1929 – Ray Musto, American soldier and politician (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – István Rózsavölgyi, Hungarian runner (d. 2012)
    • 1930 – John Astin, American actor
    • 1930 – Rolf Harris, Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1933 – Jean-Claude Brialy, French actor and director (d. 2007)
    • 1934 – Paul Crouch, American broadcaster, co-founded the Trinity Broadcasting Network (d. 2013)
    • 1934 – Hans Hollein, Austrian architect and academic, designed Haas House (d. 2014)
    • 1935 – Karl Berger, German pianist and composer
    • 1935 – Willie Galimore, American football player (d. 1964)
    • 1935 – Gordon Mumma, American composer
    • 1937 – Warren Beatty, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1937 – Ian MacLaurin, Baron MacLaurin of Knebworth, English businessman
    • 1938 – John Barnhill, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1938 – Klaus Schwab, German economist and engineer, founded the World Economic Forum
    • 1940 – Norman Gifford, English cricketer
    • 1940 – Jerry Lucas, American basketball player and educator
    • 1940 – Hans Ragnemalm, Swedish lawyer and judge (d. 2016)
    • 1941 – Graeme Edge, English singer-songwriter and drummer
    • 1941 – Ron Johnston, English geographer and academic
    • 1941 – Wasim Sajjad, Pakistani lawyer and politician, President of Pakistan
    • 1941 – Bob Smith, American soldier and politician
    • 1942 – Ruben Kun, Nauruan lawyer and politician, 14th President of Nauru (d. 2014)
    • 1942 – Tane Norton, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1942 – Kenneth Welsh, Canadian actor
    • 1943 – Jay Traynor, American pop and doo-wop singer (d. 2014)
    • 1944 – Mark Wylea Erwin, American businessman and diplomat
    • 1944 – Brian Wilshire, Australian radio host
    • 1945 – Eric Clapton, English guitarist and singer-songwriter
    • 1947 – Dick Roche, Irish politician, Minister of State for European Affairs
    • 1947 – Terje Venaas, Norwegian bassist
    • 1948 – Nigel Jones, Baron Jones of Cheltenham, English computer programmer and politician
    • 1948 – Eddie Jordan, Irish racing driver and team owner, founded Jordan Grand Prix
    • 1948 – Mervyn King, English economist and academic
    • 1948 – Jim “Dandy” Mangrum, American rock singer
    • 1949 – Liza Frulla, Canadian talk show host and politician, 3rd Minister of Canadian Heritage
    • 1949 – Dana Gillespie, English singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1949 – Naomi Sims, American model and author (d. 2009)
    • 1950 – Janet Browne, English-American historian and academic
    • 1950 – Robbie Coltrane, Scottish actor
    • 1950 – Grady Little, American baseball player, coach, and manager
    • 1950 – Warren Snowdon, Australian educator and politician, 39th Australian Minister for Veterans’ Affairs
    • 1951 – Paul Da Vinci, English singer-songwriter
    • 1952 – Stuart Dryburgh, English-New Zealand cinematographer
    • 1952 – Peter Knights, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1955 – Randy VanWarmer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2004)
    • 1956 – Bill Butler, Scottish educator and politician
    • 1956 – Juanito Oiarzabal, Spanish mountaineer
    • 1956 – Shahla Sherkat, Iranian journalist and author
    • 1957 – Marie-Christine Koundja, Chadian author and diplomat
    • 1957 – Paul Reiser, American actor and comedian
    • 1958 – Maurice LaMarche, Canadian voice actor and stand-up comedian
    • 1958 – Joey Sindelar, American golfer
    • 1959 – Martina Cole, English television host and author
    • 1960 – Laurie Graham, Canadian skier
    • 1960 – Bill Johnson, American skier (d. 2016)
    • 1961 – Mike Thackwell, New Zealand racing driver
    • 1961 – Doug Wickenheiser, Canadian-American ice hockey player (d. 1999)
    • 1962 – Mark Begich, American politician
    • 1962 – MC Hammer, American rapper and actor
    • 1962 – Gary Stevens, English international footballer, defender and manager
    • 1963 – Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, Mongolian journalist and politician, 4th President of Mongolia
    • 1963 – Eli-Eri Moura, Brazilian composer and conductor
    • 1963 – Panagiotis Tsalouchidis, Greek footballer
    • 1964 – Vlado Bozinovski, Macedonian-Australian footballer and manager
    • 1964 – Tracy Chapman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1965 – Piers Morgan, English journalist and talk show host
    • 1966 – Efstratios Grivas, Greek chess player and author
    • 1966 – Dmitry Volkov, Russian swimmer
    • 1966 – Leonid Voloshin, Russian triple jumper
    • 1967 – Christopher Bowman, American figure skater and coach (d. 2008)
    • 1967 – Richard Hutten, Dutch furniture designer
    • 1967 – Julie Richardson, New Zealand tennis player
    • 1968 – Celine Dion, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1969 – Troy Bayliss, Australian motorcycle racer
    • 1970 – Tobias Hill, English poet and author
    • 1970 – Sylvain Charlebois, Canadian food/agriculture researcher and author
    • 1971 – Mari Holden, American cyclist
    • 1971 – Mark Consuelos, American actor and television personality
    • 1972 – Mili Avital, Israeli-American actress
    • 1972 – Emerson Thome, Brazilian footballer and scout
    • 1972 – Karel Poborský, Czech footballer
    • 1973 – Adam Goldstein, American keyboard player, DJ, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1973 – Jan Koller, Czech footballer
    • 1973 – Kareem Streete-Thompson, Caymanian-American long jumper
    • 1974 – Martin Love, Australian cricketer
    • 1975 – Paul Griffen, New Zealand-Italian rugby player
    • 1976 – Ty Conklin, American ice hockey player
    • 1976 – Obadele Thompson, Barbadian sprinter
    • 1976 – Troels Lund Poulsen, Danish politician, Minister for Education of Denmark
    • 1977 – Abhishek Chaubey, Indian director and screenwriter
    • 1978 – Paweł Czapiewski, Polish runner
    • 1978 – Chris Paterson, Scottish rugby player and coach
    • 1978 – Bok van Blerk, South African singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1979 – Norah Jones, American singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1979 – Anatoliy Tymoshchuk, Ukrainian footballer
    • 1980 – Ricardo Osorio, Mexican footballer
    • 1981 – Jammal Brown, American football player
    • 1981 – Andrea Masi, Italian rugby player
    • 1982 – Mark Hudson, English footballer
    • 1982 – Philippe Mexès, French footballer
    • 1982 – Javier Portillo, Spanish footballer
    • 1982 – Jason Dohring, American actor
    • 1983 – Jérémie Aliadière, French footballer
    • 1984 – Mario Ančić, Croatian tennis player
    • 1984 – Samantha Stosur, Australian tennis player
    • 1985 – Giacomo Ricci, Italian racing driver
    • 1986 – Sergio Ramos, Spanish footballer
    • 1987 – Trent Barreta, American wrestler
    • 1987 – Calum Elliot, Scottish footballer
    • 1987 – Kwok Kin Pong, Hong Kong footballer
    • 1987 – Marc-Édouard Vlasic, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1988 – Will Matthews, Australian rugby league player
    • 1988 – Thanasis Papazoglou, Greek footballer
    • 1988 – Richard Sherman, American football player
    • 1988 – Larisa Yurkiw, Canadian alpine skier
    • 1989 – Chris Sale, American baseball player
    • 1989 – João Sousa, Portuguese tennis player
    • 1990 – Thomas Rhett, American country music singer and songwriter
    • 1990 – Michal Březina, Czech figure skater
    • 1992 – Palak Muchhal, Indian playback singer
    • 1993 – Anitta, Brazilian singer and entertainer
    • 1994 – Jetro Willems, Dutch footballer
    • 1997 – Cha Eun-woo, South Korean singer and actor, A member of the South Korean boy band, Astro
    • 1998 – Kalyn Ponga, Australian rugby league player
    • 2000 – Colton Herta, American race car driver

    Deaths on March 30

    • 116 – Quirinus of Neuss, Roman martyr and saint
    • 365 – Ai of Jin, emperor of the Jin Dynasty (b. 341)
    • 943 – Li Bian, emperor of Southern Tang (b. 889)
    • 987 – Arnulf II, Count of Flanders (b. 960)
    • 1180 – Al-Mustadi, Caliph (b. 1142)
    • 1202 – Joachim of Fiore, Italian mystic and theologian (b. 1135)
    • 1465 – Isabella of Clermont, queen consort of Naples (b. c. 1424)
    • 1472 – Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy (b. 1435)
    • 1486 – Thomas Bourchier, English cardinal (b. 1404)
    • 1526 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist (b. 1471)
    • 1540 – Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg, German cardinal (b. 1469)
    • 1559 – Adam Ries, German mathematician and academic (b. 1492)
    • 1587 – Ralph Sadler, English politician, Secretary of State for England (b. 1507)
    • 1662 – François le Métel de Boisrobert, French poet and playwright (b. 1592)
    • 1689 – Kazimierz Łyszczyński, Polish atheist and philosopher (b. 1634)
    • 1707 – Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, French general and engineer (b. 1633)
    • 1764 – Pietro Locatelli, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1695)
    • 1783 – William Hunter, Scottish anatomist and physician (b. 1718)
    • 1804 – Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, French general and politician, French Secretary of State for War (b. 1718)
    • 1806 – Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (b. 1757)
    • 1830 – Louis I, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1763)
    • 1840 – Beau Brummell, English-French fashion designer (b. 1778)
    • 1842 – Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun, French painter (b. 1755)
    • 1864 – Louis Schindelmeisser, German clarinet player, composer, and conductor (b. 1811)
    • 1873 – Bénédict Morel, Austrian-French psychiatrist and physician (b. 1809)
    • 1879 – Thomas Couture, French painter and educator (b. 1815)
    • 1886 – Joseph-Alfred Mousseau, Canadian judge and politician, 6th Premier of Quebec (b. 1838)
    • 1896 – Charilaos Trikoupis, Greek politician, 55th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1832)
    • 1912 – Karl May, German author (b. 1842)
    • 1925 – Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher and author (b. 1861)
    • 1935 – Romanos Melikian, Armenian composer (b. 1883)
    • 1936 – Conchita Supervía, Spanish soprano and actress (b. 1895)
    • 1940 – Sir John Gilmour, 2nd Baronet Scottish soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland (b. 1876)
    • 1943 – Jan Bytnar, Polish lieutenant; WWII resistance fighter (b. 1921)
    • 1943 – Maciej Aleksy Dawidowski, Polish sergeant; WWII resistance fighter (b. 1920)
    • 1945 – Béla Balogh, Hungarian actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1885)
    • 1949 – Friedrich Bergius, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1884)
    • 1949 – Dattaram Hindlekar, Indian cricketer (b. 1909)
    • 1950 – Léon Blum, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1872)
    • 1952 – Jigme Wangchuck, Bhutanese king (b. 1905)
    • 1955 – Harl McDonald, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1899)
    • 1956 – Edmund Clerihew Bentley, English author and poet (b. 1875)
    • 1959 – Daniil Andreyev, Russian mystic and poet (b. 1906)
    • 1959 – John Auden, English solicitor, deputy coroner and a territorial soldier (b. 1894)
    • 1959 – Riccardo Zanella, Italian politician (b. 1875)
    • 1960 – Joseph Haas, German composer and educator (b. 1879)
    • 1961 – Philibert Jacques Melotte, English astronomer (b. 1880)
    • 1963 – Aleksandr Gauk, Russian conductor and composer (b. 1893)
    • 1964 – Nella Larsen, American nurse and author (b. 1891)
    • 1965 – Philip Showalter Hench, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1896)
    • 1966 – Newbold Morris, American lawyer and politician (b. 1902)
    • 1966 – Maxfield Parrish, American painter and illustrator (b. 1870)
    • 1966 – Erwin Piscator, German director and producer (b. 1893)
    • 1967 – Frank Thorpe, Australian public servant (b. 1885)
    • 1967 – Jean Toomer, American poet and novelist (b. 1894)
    • 1969 – Lucien Bianchi, Belgian racing driver (b. 1934)
    • 1970 – Heinrich Brüning, German economist and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1885)
    • 1972 – Mahir Çayan, Turkish politician (b. 1946)
    • 1972 – Gabriel Heatter, American radio commentator (b. 1890)
    • 1973 – Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, 14th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish pilot and politician (b. 1903)
    • 1973 – Yves Giraud-Cabantous, French racing driver (b. 1904)
    • 1975 – Peter Bamm, German journalist and author (b. 1897)
    • 1977 – Levko Revutsky, Ukrainian composer and educator (b. 1889)
    • 1978 – George Paine, English cricketer and coach (b. 1908)
    • 1978 – Memduh Tağmaç, Turkish general (b. 1904)
    • 1979 – Airey Neave, English colonel, lawyer, and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland (b. 1916)
    • 1979 – Ray Ventura, French pianist and bandleader (b. 1908)
    • 1981 – DeWitt Wallace, American publisher, co-founded Reader’s Digest (b. 1889)
    • 1984 – Karl Rahner, German-Austrian priest and theologian (b. 1904)
    • 1985 – Harold Peary, American actor and singer (b. 1908)
    • 1986 – James Cagney, American actor and dancer (b. 1899)
    • 1986 – John Ciardi, American poet and etymologist (b. 1916)
    • 1988 – Edgar Faure, French historian and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1908)
    • 1990 – Harry Bridges, Australian-born American activist and trade union leader (b. 1901)
    • 1992 – Manolis Andronikos, Greek archaeologist and academic (b. 1919)
    • 1993 – S. M. Pandit, Indian painter (b. 1916)
    • 1993 – Richard Diebenkorn, American painter (b. 1922)
    • 1995 – Rozelle Claxton, American pianist (b. 1913)
    • 1995 – Tony Lock, English-Australian cricketer and coach (b. 1929)
    • 1995 – Paul A. Rothchild, American record producer (b. 1935)
    • 1996 – Hugh Falkus, English pilot and author (b. 1917)
    • 1996 – Ryoei Saito, Japanese businessman (b. 1916)
    • 2000 – Rudolf Kirchschläger, Austrian judge and politician, 8th President of Austria (b. 1915)
    • 2002 – Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother of the United Kingdom (b. 1900)
    • 2002 – Anand Bakshi, Indian poet and lyricist (b. 1930)
    • 2003 – Michael Jeter, American actor (b. 1952)
    • 2003 – Valentin Pavlov, Russian banker and politician, 11th Prime Minister of the Soviet Union (b. 1937)
    • 2004 – Alistair Cooke, English-American journalist and author (b. 1908)
    • 2004 – Hubert Gregg, English actor and director (b. 1914)
    • 2004 – Michael King, New Zealand historian and author (b. 1945)
    • 2004 – Timi Yuro, American singer and songwriter (b. 1940)
    • 2005 – Robert Creeley, American novelist, essayist, and poet (b. 1926)
    • 2005 – Milton Green, American hurdler and soldier (b. 1913)
    • 2005 – Fred Korematsu, American political activist (b. 1919)
    • 2005 – O. V. Vijayan, Indian author and illustrator (b. 1930)
    • 2005 – Mitch Hedberg, American stand-up comedian (b. 1968)
    • 2006 – Red Hickey, American football player and coach (b. 1917)
    • 2006 – John McGahern, Irish author and educator (b. 1934)
    • 2007 – John Roberts, Canadian political scientist, academic, and politician, 46th Secretary of State for Canada (b. 1933)
    • 2008 – Roland Fraïssé, French mathematical logician (b. 1920)
    • 2008 – David Leslie, Scottish racing driver (b. 1953)
    • 2008 – Richard Lloyd, English racing driver (b. 1945)
    • 2008 – Dith Pran, Cambodian-American photographer and journalist (b. 1942)
    • 2010 – Jaime Escalante, Bolivian-American educator (b. 1930)
    • 2010 – Morris R. Jeppson, American lieutenant and physicist (b. 1922)
    • 2010 – Martin Sandberger, German SS officer (b. 1911)
    • 2012 – Janet Anderson Perkin, Canadian baseball player and curler (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Aquila Berlas Kiani, Indian-Canadian sociologist and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2012 – Francesco Mancini, Italian footballer and coach (b. 1968)
    • 2012 – Granville Semmes, American businessman, founded 1-800-Flowers (b. 1928)
    • 2012 – Leonid Shebarshin, Russian KGB officer (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Daniel Hoffman, American poet and academic (b. 1923)
    • 2013 – Bobby Parks, American basketball player and coach (b. 1962)
    • 2013 – Phil Ramone, South African-American songwriter and producer, co-founded A & R Recording (b. 1934)
    • 2013 – Edith Schaeffer, Chinese-Swiss religious leader and author, co-founded L’Abri (b. 1914)
    • 2013 – Bob Turley, American baseball player and coach (b. 1930)
    • 2014 – Ray Hutchison, American lawyer and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2014 – Kate O’Mara, English actress (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Helmut Dietl, German director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1944)
    • 2015 – Roger Slifer, American author, illustrator, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1954)
    • 2015 – Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld, Dutch astronomer and academic (b. 1921)
    • 2018 – Bill Maynard, English actor (b. 1928)
    • 2020 – Bill Withers, American musician (b. 1938)

    Holidays and observances on March 30

    • Christian feast day:
      • Blessed Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy
      • Blessed Maria Restituta Kafka
      • John Climacus
      • Mamertinus of Auxerre
      • Quirinus of Neuss
      • Thomas Son Chasuhn, Marie-Nicolas-Antoine Daveluy (part of The Korean Martyrs)
      • Tola of Clonard
      • March 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Earliest day on which the first day of Hocktide can fall, while April 3 is the latest; observed on the second Monday after Easter. (Hungerford, England; popular in medieval England)
    • Land Day (Palestine)
    • National Doctors’ Day (United States)
    • Spiritual Baptist/Shouter Liberation Day (Trinidad and Tobago)
    • School Day of Non-violence and Peace (Spain)
  • March 26 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
    • 1027 – Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1169 – Saladin becomes the emir of Egypt.
    • 1344 – The Siege of Algeciras, one of the first European military engagements where gunpowder was used, comes to an end.
    • 1351 – Combat of the Thirty: Thirty Breton knights call out and defeat thirty English knights.
    • 1484 – William Caxton prints his translation of Aesop’s Fables.
    • 1552 – Guru Amar Das becomes the Third Sikh guru.
    • 1636 – Utrecht University is founded in the Netherlands.
    • 1697 – Safavid government troops take control of Basra
    • 1812 – An earthquake devastates Caracas, Venezuela.
    • 1812 – A political cartoon in the Boston Gazette coins the term “gerrymander” to describe oddly shaped electoral districts designed to help incumbents win reelection.
    • 1830 – The Book of Mormon is published in Palmyra, New York.
    • 1839 – The first Henley Royal Regatta is held.
    • 1871 – The elections of Commune council of the Paris Commune are held.
    • 1885 – The Métis people of the District of Saskatchewan under Louis Riel begin the North-West Rebellion against Canada.
    • 1913 – First Balkan War: Bulgarian forces capture Adrianople.
    • 1915 – The Vancouver Millionaires win the 1915 Stanley Cup Finals, the first championship played between the Pacific Coast Hockey Association and the National Hockey Association.
    • 1917 – World War I: First Battle of Gaza: British troops are halted after 17,000 Turks block their advance.
    • 1922 – The German Social Democratic Party is founded in Poland.
    • 1931 – Swissair is founded as the national airline of Switzerland.
    • 1931 – Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union is founded in Vietnam.
    • 1934 – The United Kingdom driving test is introduced.
    • 1939 – Spanish Civil War: Nationalists begin their final offensive of the war.
    • 1942 – World War II: The first female prisoners arrive at Auschwitz concentration camp in German-occupied Poland.
    • 1945 – World War II: The Battle of Iwo Jima ends as the island is officially secured by American forces.
    • 1954 – Nuclear weapons testing: The Romeo shot of Operation Castle is detonated at Bikini Atoll. Yield: 11 megatons.
    • 1958 – The United States Army launches Explorer 3.
    • 1958 – The African Regroupment Party is launched at a meeting in Paris.
    • 1967 – Ten thousand people gather for one of many Central Park be-ins in New York City.
    • 1970 – South Vietnamese President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu implements a land reform program to solve the problem of land tenancy.
    • 1971 – East Pakistan declares its independence from Pakistan to form Bangladesh and the Bangladesh Liberation War begins.
    • 1975 – The Biological Weapons Convention comes into force.
    • 1979 – Anwar al-Sadat, Menachem Begin and Jimmy Carter sign the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty in Washington, D.C.
    • 1981 – Social Democratic Party (UK) is founded as a party.
    • 1982 – A groundbreaking ceremony for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is held in Washington, D.C.
    • 1991 – Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay sign the Treaty of Asunción, establishing Mercosur, the South Common Market.
    • 1997 – Thirty-nine bodies are found in the Heaven’s Gate mass suicides.
    • 1998 – During the Algerian Civil War, the Oued Bouaicha massacre sees fifty-two people, mostly infants, killed with axes and knives.
    • 2005 – Around 200,000 to 300,000 Taiwanese demonstrate in Taipei in opposition to the Anti-Secession Law of China.
    • 2010 – The South Korean Navy corvette Cheonan is torpedoed, killing 46 sailors. After an international investigation, the President of the United Nations Security Council blames North Korea.
    • 2017 – Russia-wide anti-corruption protests in 99 cities. The Levada Center survey showed that 38% of surveyed Russians supported protests and that 67 percent held Putin personally responsible for high-level corruption.

    Births on March 26

    • 1031 – Malcolm III, king of Scotland (d. 1093)
    • 1516 – Conrad Gessner, Swiss botanist and zoologist (d. 1565)
    • 1554 – Charles of Lorraine, duke of Mayenne (d. 1611)
    • 1584 – John II, duke of Zweibrücken (d. 1635)
    • 1633 – Mary Beale, British artist (d. 1699)
    • 1634 – Domenico Freschi, Italian priest and composer (d. 1710)
    • 1656 – Nicolaas Hartsoeker, Dutch mathematician and physicist (d. 1725)
    • 1687 – Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, queen consort of Prussia (d. 1757)
    • 1698 – Prokop Diviš, Czech priest, scientist and inventor (d. 1765)
    • 1749 – William Blount, American politician (d. 1800)
    • 1753 – Benjamin Thompson, American-French physicist and politician, Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies (d. 1814)
    • 1773 – Nathaniel Bowditch, American mathematician and navigator (d. 1838)
    • 1794 – Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld, German painter (d. 1872)
    • 1804 – David Humphreys Storer, American physician and academic (d. 1891)
    • 1824 – Julie-Victoire Daubié, French journalist (d. 1874)
    • 1829 – Théodore Aubanel, French poet (d. 1886)
    • 1842 – Alexandre Saint-Yves d’Alveydre, French occultist (d. 1909)
    • 1850 – Edward Bellamy, American author, socialist, and utopian visionary (d. 1898)
    • 1852 – Élémir Bourges, French author (d. 1925)
    • 1854 – Maurice Lecoq, French target shooter (d. 1925)
    • 1856 – William Massey, Irish-New Zealand farmer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1925)
    • 1857 – Théodore Tuffier, French surgeon (d. 1929)
    • 1859 – A. E. Housman, English poet and scholar (d. 1936)
    • 1859 – Adolf Hurwitz, Jewish German-Swiss mathematician and academic (d. 1919)
    • 1860 – André Prévost, French tennis player (d. 1919)
    • 1866 – Fred Karno, English producer and manager (d. 1941)
    • 1868 – King Fuad I of Egypt (d. 1936)
    • 1873 – Dorothea Bleek, South African-German anthropologist and philologist (d. 1948)
    • 1874 – Robert Frost, American poet and playwright (d. 1963)
    • 1875 – Max Abraham, Polish-German physicist and academic (d. 1922)
    • 1875 – Syngman Rhee, South Korean journalist and politician, 1st President of South Korea (d. 1965)
    • 1876 – William of Wied, prince of Albania (d. 1945)
    • 1876 – Kate Richards O’Hare, American Socialist Party activist and editor (d. 1948)
    • 1879 – Othmar Ammann, Swiss-American engineer, designed the George Washington Bridge and Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge (d. 1965)
    • 1879 – Waldemar Tietgens, German rower (d. 1917)
    • 1881 – Guccio Gucci, Italian fashion designer, founded Gucci (d. 1953)
    • 1882 – Hermann Obrecht, Swiss politician (d. 1940)
    • 1884 – Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist and educator (d. 1969)
    • 1884 – Georges Imbert, French chemical engineer and inventor (d. 1950)
    • 1886 – Hugh Mulzac, Vincentian-American soldier and politician (d. 1971)
    • 1888 – Elsa Brändström, Swedish nurse and philanthropist (d. 1948)
    • 1893 – James Bryant Conant, American chemist, academic, and diplomat, 1st United States Ambassador to West Germany (d. 1978)
    • 1893 – Palmiro Togliatti, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Justice (d. 1964)
    • 1894 – Viorica Ursuleac, Ukrainian-Romanian soprano and actress (d. 1985)
    • 1895 – Vilho Tuulos, Finnish triple jumper (d. 1967)
    • 1898 – Rudolf Dassler, German businessman, founded Puma SE (d. 1974)
    • 1898 – Charles Shadwell, English conductor and bandleader (d. 1979)
    • 1900 – Angela Maria Autsch, German nun, died in Auschwitz helping Jewish prisoners (d. 1941)
    • 1904 – Joseph Campbell, American mythologist and author (d. 1987)
    • 1904 – Emilio Fernández, Mexican actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1904 – Attilio Ferraris, Italian footballer (d. 1947)
    • 1905 – Monty Berman, English cinematographer and producer (d. 2006)
    • 1905 – André Cluytens, Belgian-French conductor and director (d. 1967)
    • 1905 – Viktor Frankl, Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (d. 1997)
    • 1906 – Rafael Méndez, Mexican trumpet player and composer (d. 1981)
    • 1907 – Azellus Denis, Canadian lawyer and politician, Postmaster General of Canada (d. 1991)
    • 1907 – Mahadevi Varma, Indian poet and activist (d. 1987)
    • 1908 – Franz Stangl, Austrian-German SS officer (d. 1971)
    • 1909 – Chips Rafferty, Australian actor (d. 1971)
    • 1910 – K. W. Devanayagam, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 10th Sri Lankan Minister of Justice (d. 2002)
    • 1911 – Lennart Atterwall, Swedish javelin thrower (d. 2001)
    • 1911 – J. L. Austin, English philosopher and academic (d. 1960)
    • 1911 – Bernard Katz, German-English biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)
    • 1911 – Tennessee Williams, American playwright, and poet (d. 1983)
    • 1913 – Jacqueline de Romilly, Jewish Franco-Greek philologist, author, and scholar (d. 2010)
    • 1913 – Paul Erdős, Hungarian-Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1996)
    • 1914 – Toru Kumon, Japanese mathematician and academic (d. 1995)
    • 1914 – William Westmoreland, American general (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Lennart Strandberg, Swedish sprinter (d. 1989)
    • 1915 – Hwang Sun-won, North Korean author and poet (d. 2000)
    • 1916 – Christian B. Anfinsen, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
    • 1916 – Bill Edrich, English cricketer and footballer (d. 1986)
    • 1916 – Sterling Hayden, American actor and author (d. 1986)
    • 1917 – Rufus Thomas, American R&B singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
    • 1919 – Strother Martin, American actor (d. 1980)
    • 1919 – Roger Leger, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1965)
    • 1920 – Sergio Livingstone, Chilean footballer and journalist (d. 2012)
    • 1922 – William Milliken, American politician, 44th Governor of Michigan (d. 2019)
    • 1922 – Oscar Sala, Italian-Brazilian physicist and academic (d. 2010)
    • 1922 – Guido Stampacchia, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 1978)
    • 1923 – Gert Bastian, German general and politician (d. 1992)
    • 1923 – Bob Elliott, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Maqsood Ahmed, Pakistani cricketer (d. 1999)
    • 1925 – Pierre Boulez, French pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2016)
    • 1925 – Vesta Roy, American politician, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 2002)
    • 1925 – Edward Graham, Baron Graham of Edmonton, English soldier and politician (d. 2020)
    • 1925 – Ben Mondor, Canadian-American businessman (d. 2010)
    • 1925 – James Moody, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Harold Chapman, English photographer
    • 1929 – Edward Sorel, American illustrator and caricaturist
    • 1929 – Edwin Turney, American businessman, co-founded Advanced Micro Devices (d. 2008)
    • 1930 – Sandra Day O’Connor, American lawyer and jurist
    • 1930 – Gregory Corso, American poet (d. 2001)
    • 1931 – Leonard Nimoy, American actor (d. 2015)
    • 1932 – Leroy Griffith, American businessman
    • 1932 – James Andrew Harris, American chemist and academic (d. 2000)
    • 1933 – Tinto Brass, Italian director and screenwriter
    • 1934 – Alan Arkin, American actor
    • 1934 – Edvaldo Alves de Santa Rosa, Brazilian footballer (d. 2002)
    • 1937 – Wayne Embry, American basketball player and manager
    • 1937 – Barbara Jones, American sprinter
    • 1937 – James Lee, Canadian businessman and politician, 26th Premier of Prince Edward Island
    • 1938 – Norman Ackroyd, English painter and illustrator
    • 1938 – Anthony James Leggett, English-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1940 – James Caan, American actor and singer
    • 1940 – Nancy Pelosi, American lawyer and politician, 60th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
    • 1941 – Richard Dawkins, Kenyan-English ethologist, biologist, and academic
    • 1941 – Lella Lombardi, Italian racing driver (d. 1992)
    • 1942 – Erica Jong, American novelist and poet
    • 1943 – Mustafa Kalemli, Turkish physician and politician, Turkish Minister of the Interior
    • 1943 – Bob Woodward, American journalist and author
    • 1944 – Diana Ross, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
    • 1945 – Paul Bérenger, Mauritian politician, Prime Minister of Mauritius
    • 1945 – Mikhail Voronin, Russian gymnast and coach (d. 2004)
    • 1946 – Johnny Crawford, American actor and singer
    • 1946 – Alain Madelin, French politician, French Minister of Finance
    • 1947 – Subhash Kak, Indian-American professor and author
    • 1947 – John Rowles, New Zealand-Australian singer-songwriter
    • 1948 – Kyung-wha Chung, South Korean violinist and educator
    • 1948 – Richard Tandy, English pianist and keyboard player (Electric Light Orchestra)
    • 1948 – Steven Tyler, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1949 – Jon English, English-Australian singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2016)
    • 1949 – Rudi Koertzen, South African cricketer and umpire
    • 1949 – Vicki Lawrence, American actress, comedian, talk show host, and singer
    • 1949 – Fran Sheehan, American bass player
    • 1949 – Patrick Süskind, German author and screenwriter
    • 1949 – Ernest Lee Thomas, American actor
    • 1950 – Teddy Pendergrass, American singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1950 – Graham Barlow, English cricketer
    • 1950 – Martin Short, Canadian-American actor, screenwriter, and producer
    • 1950 – Alan Silvestri, American composer and conductor
    • 1951 – Željko Pavličević, Croatian professional basketball coach and former professional player
    • 1951 – Carl Wieman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1952 – Didier Pironi, French racing driver (d. 1987)
    • 1953 – Lincoln Chafee, American academic and politician, 74th Governor of Rhode Island
    • 1953 – Elaine Chao, Taiwanese-American banker and politician, 24th United States Secretary of Labor
    • 1953 – Tatyana Providokhina, Russian runner
    • 1954 – Clive Palmer, Australian businessman and politician
    • 1954 – Curtis Sliwa, American talk show host and activist, founded Guardian Angels
    • 1954 – Dorothy Porter, Australian poet and playwright (d. 2008)
    • 1956 – Charly McClain, American country singer
    • 1956 – Park Won-soon, South Korean lawyer and politician, 35th Mayor of Seoul
    • 1957 – Fiona Bruce, Scottish lawyer and politician
    • 1957 – Leeza Gibbons, American talk show host and television personality
    • 1957 – Paul Morley, English journalist, producer, and author
    • 1957 – Shirin Neshat, Iranian visual artist
    • 1958 – Elio de Angelis, Italian racing driver (d. 1986)
    • 1960 – Marcus Allen, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Jennifer Grey, American actress and dancer
    • 1960 – Graeme Rutjes, Australian-Dutch footballer
    • 1961 – William Hague, English historian and politician, First Secretary of State
    • 1962 – Richard Coles, English pianist, saxophonist, and priest
    • 1962 – Kevin Seitzer, American baseball player and coach
    • 1962 – Yuri Gidzenko, Russian pilot and cosmonaut
    • 1962 – John Stockton, American basketball player and coach
    • 1962 – Eric Allan Kramer, American-Canadian actor
    • 1963 – Natsuhiko Kyogoku, Japanese author
    • 1964 – Martin Bella, Australian rugby league player
    • 1964 – Martin Donnelly, Irish racing driver
    • 1964 – Maria Miller, English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport
    • 1964 – Ulf Samuelsson, Swedish-American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1965 – Trey Azagthoth, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
    • 1965 – Violeta Szekely, Romanian runner
    • 1966 – Michael Imperioli, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1967 – Jason Chaffetz, American politician
    • 1968 – Laurent Brochard, French cyclist
    • 1968 – Kenny Chesney, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1968 – James Iha, American guitarist and songwriter
    • 1969 – Alessandro Moscardi, Italian rugby player
    • 1970 – Paul Bosvelt, Dutch footballer
    • 1970 – Jelle Goes, Dutch footballer and coach
    • 1970 – Thomas Kyparissis, Greek footballer
    • 1970 – Martin McDonagh, English-born Irish playwright, screenwriter, and director
    • 1971 – Behzad Ghorbani, Iranian zoologist
    • 1971 – Martyn Day, Scottish politician
    • 1971 – Erick Morillo, Colombian-American DJ and producer
    • 1971 – Rennae Stubbs, Australian tennis player and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Paul Williams, English footballer and manager
    • 1972 – Leslie Mann, American actress
    • 1972 – Jason Maxwell, American baseball player
    • 1973 – Larry Page, American computer scientist and businessman, co-founder of Google
    • 1973 – T. R. Knight, American actor
    • 1973 – Matt Burke, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Irina Spîrlea, Romanian tennis player
    • 1974 – Vadimas Petrenko, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1974 – Michael Peca, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1976 – Amy Smart, American actress and former model
    • 1976 – Alex Varas, Chilean footballer
    • 1976 – Eirik Verås Larsen, Norwegian sprint kayaker
    • 1977 – Kevin Davies, English footballer
    • 1977 – Bianca Kajlich, American actress
    • 1977 – Sylvain Grenier, Canadian wrestler
    • 1978 – Anastasia Kostaki, Greek basketball player
    • 1979 – Nacho Novo, Spanish footballer
    • 1979 – Ben Blair, New Zealand rugby union footballer
    • 1979 – Hiromi Uehara, Japanese pianist and composer
    • 1979 – Pierre Womé, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1979 – Juliana Paes, Brazilian actress
    • 1980 – Margaret Brennan, American journalist
    • 1980 – Son Ho-young, South Korean singer
    • 1980 – Richie Wellens, English footballer
    • 1981 – Sébastien Centomo, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1981 – Baruch Dego, Ethiopian-Israeli footballer
    • 1981 – Massimo Donati, Italian footballer
    • 1981 – Josh Wilson, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Mikel Arteta, Spanish footballer
    • 1982 – Brendan Ryan, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Nate Kaeding, American football player
    • 1983 – Andreas Hinkel, German footballer
    • 1983 – Floriana Lima, American actress
    • 1983 – Roman Bednář, Czech footballer
    • 1983 – Mike Mondo, American wrestler
    • 1984 – Jimmy Howard, American ice hockey player
    • 1984 – Drew Mitchell, Australian rugby player
    • 1984 – Felix Neureuther, German skier
    • 1984 – Marco Stier, German footballer
    • 1984 – Gregory Strydom, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1984 – Sara Jean Underwood, American model, television host, and actress
    • 1985 – Keira Knightley, English actress
    • 1985 – Matt Grevers, American swimmer
    • 1985 – Jonathan Groff, American actor and singer
    • 1985 – Prosper Utseya, Zimbabwean cricketer
    • 1986 – Maxime Biset, Belgian footballer
    • 1986 – Rob Kearney, Irish rugby player
    • 1986 – Emma Laine, Finnish tennis player
    • 1987 – Kim Dong-suk, South Korean footballer
    • 1987 – Jermichael Finley, American football player
    • 1987 – Steven Fletcher, Scottish footballer
    • 1989 – Simon Kjær, Danish footballer
    • 1990 – Choi Woo-shik, South Korean actor
    • 1990 – Patrick Ekeng, Cameroonian footballer (d. 2016)
    • 1990 – Yuya Takaki, Japanese idol, singer, dancer, model and actor
    • 1990 – Xiumin, South Korean singer and actor, member of South Korean boy band EXO
    • 1991 – Matt Davidson, American baseball player
    • 1992 – Nina Agdal, Danish model
    • 1992 – Stoffel Vandoorne, Belgian racing driver
    • 1994 – Jed Wallace, English footballer
    • 1996 – Zane Musgrove, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1996 – Kathryn Bernardo, Filipino actress
    • 1998 – Satoko Miyahara, Japanese figure skater
    • 2003 – Bhad Bhabie, American rapper and social media personality

    Deaths on March 26

    • 752 – Pope-elect Stephen
    • 809 – Ludger, Frisian missionary
    • 903 – Sugawara no Michizane, Japanese poet
    • 908 – Ai, emperor of the Tang Dynasty (b. 892)
    • 922 – Mansur Al-Hallaj, Persian mystic and poet (b. 858)
    • 929 – Wang Du, Chinese warlord and governor (jiedushi)
    • 973 – Guntram (“the Rich”), Frankish nobleman
    • 983 – ‘Adud al-Dawla, Iranian ruler (b. 936)
    • 1091 – Wallada bint al-Mustakfi, Andalusian poet
    • 1130 – Sigurd the Crusader, Norwegian king (b. 1090)
    • 1132 – Geoffrey of Vendôme, French cardinal and theologian (b. 1065)
    • 1212 – Sancho I of Portugal (b. 1154)
    • 1242 – William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
    • 1324 – Marie de Luxembourg, Queen of France (b. 1304)
    • 1326 – Alessandra Giliani, anatomist (b. c. 1307)
    • 1402 – David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, heir to the throne of Scotland (b. 1378)
    • 1437 – Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl, Scottish nobleman and regicide
    • 1517 – Heinrich Isaac, Flemish composer (b. 1450)
    • 1535 – Georg Tannstetter, Austrian mathematician, astronomer, and cartographer (b. 1482)
    • 1546 – Thomas Elyot, English scholar and diplomat (b. 1490)
    • 1566 – Antonio de Cabezón, Spanish organist and composer (b. 1510)
    • 1625 – Giambattista Marini, Italian poet (b. 1569)
    • 1649 – John Winthrop, English lawyer and politician, 2nd Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
    • 1679 – Johannes Schefferus, Swedish historian and author (b. 1621)
    • 1697 – Godfrey McCulloch, Scottish politician (b. 1640)
    • 1726 – John Vanbrugh, English playwright and architect, designed Blenheim Palace and Castle Howard (b. 1664)
    • 1772 – Charles Pinot Duclos, French author and politician (b. 1704)
    • 1776 – Samuel Ward, American jurist and politician, 31st Governor of the Colony of Rhode Island (b. 1725)
    • 1780 – Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (b. 1713)
    • 1793 – John Mudge, English physician and engineer (b. 1721)
    • 1797 – James Hutton, Scottish geologist and physician (b. 1726)
    • 1814 – Joseph-Ignace Guillotin, French physician and politician (b. 1738)
    • 1827 – Ludwig van Beethoven, German pianist and composer (b. 1770)
    • 1858 – John Addison Thomas, American lieutenant, engineer, and politician, 3rd United States Assistant Secretary of State (b. 1811)
    • 1862 – Uriah P. Levy, American commander (b. 1792)
    • 1881 – Roman Sanguszko, Polish general and activist (b. 1800)
    • 1885 – Anson Stager, American general and businessman, co-founded Western Union (b. 1825)
    • 1888 – Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar (b. 1837)
    • 1892 – Walt Whitman, American poet, essayist, and journalist (b. 1819)
    • 1902 – Cecil Rhodes, English-South African colonialist, businessman and politician, 6th Prime Minister of the Cape Colony (b. 1853)
    • 1905 – Maurice Barrymore, American actor (b. 1849)
    • 1910 – Auguste Charlois, French astronomer (b. 1864)
    • 1920 – William Chester Minor, American surgeon and lexicographer (b. 1834)
    • 1923 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress and screenwriter (b. 1844)
    • 1926 – Constantin Fehrenbach, German lawyer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1852)
    • 1932 – Henry M. Leland, American machinist, inventor, engineer, automotive entrepreneur and founded of Cadillac and Lincoln (b. 1843)
    • 1934 – John Biller, American jumper and discus thrower (b. 1877)
    • 1940 – Wilhelm Anderson, German-Estonian astrophysicist (b. 1880)
    • 1940 – Spyridon Louis, Greek runner (b. 1873)
    • 1942 – Jimmy Burke, American baseball player and manager (b. 1874)
    • 1942 – Carolyn Wells, American novelist and poet (b. 1862)
    • 1945 – David Lloyd George, English-Welsh lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1863)
    • 1951 – James F. Hinkle, American banker and politician, 6th Governor of New Mexico (b. 1864)
    • 1954 – Charles Perrin, French rower (b. 1875)
    • 1957 – Édouard Herriot, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1872)
    • 1958 – Phil Mead, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1887)
    • 1959 – Raymond Chandler, American crime novelist and screenwriter (b. 1888)
    • 1966 – Victor Hochepied, French swimmer (b. 1883)
    • 1969 – John Kennedy Toole, American novelist (b. 1937)
    • 1973 – Noël Coward, English playwright, actor, and composer (b. 1899)
    • 1973 – Johnny Drake, American football player (b. 1916)
    • 1979 – Beauford Delaney, American-French painter (b. 1901)
    • 1979 – Jean Stafford, American author and academic (b. 1915)
    • 1980 – Roland Barthes, French linguist and critic (b. 1915)
    • 1983 – Anthony Blunt, English historian and spy (b. 1907)
    • 1984 – Ahmed Sékou Touré, Guinean politician, 1st President of Guinea (b. 1922)
    • 1987 – Eugen Jochum, German conductor (b. 1902)
    • 1987 – Walter Abel, American actor (b. 1898)
    • 1990 – Halston, American fashion designer (b. 1932)
    • 1992 – Barbara Frum, American-Canadian journalist and radio host (b. 1937)
    • 1993 – Louis Falco, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1942)
    • 1995 – Eazy-E, American rapper and producer (b. 1964)
    • 1996 – Edmund Muskie, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 58th United States Secretary of State (b. 1914)
    • 1996 – David Packard, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Hewlett-Packard (b. 1912)
    • 2000 – Alex Comfort, English physician and author (b. 1920)
    • 2002 – Randy Castillo, American drummer and songwriter (b. 1950)
    • 2003 – Daniel Patrick Moynihan, American sociologist and politician, 12th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (b. 1927)
    • 2004 – Jan Sterling, American actress (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – James Callaghan, English lieutenant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1912)
    • 2005 – Frederick Rotimi Williams, Nigerian lawyer and politician (b. 1920)
    • 2006 – Anil Biswas, Indian journalist and politician (b. 1944)
    • 2006 – Paul Dana, American racing driver (b. 1975)
    • 2006 – Nikki Sudden, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1956)
    • 2008 – Robert Fagles, American poet and academic (b. 1933)
    • 2008 – Manuel Marulanda, Colombian rebel leader (b. 1930)
    • 2009 – Shane McConkey, Canadian skier and BASE jumper (b. 1969)
    • 2009 – Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian singer and composer (b. 1926)
    • 2010 – Charles Ryskamp, American art collector and curator (b. 1928)
    • 2011 – Roger Abbott, English-Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1946)
    • 2011 – Geraldine Ferraro, American lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
    • 2011 – Diana Wynne Jones, English author (b. 1934)
    • 2012 – Sisto Averno, American football player (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Michael Begley, Irish carpenter and politician (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – Thomas M. Cover, American theorist and academic (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – David Craighead, American organist and educator (b. 1924)
    • 2012 – Manik Godghate, Indian poet and educator (b. 1937)
    • 2012 – Helmer Ringgren, Swedish theologian and academic (b. 1917)
    • 2013 – Tom Boerwinkle, American basketball player and sportscaster (b. 1945)
    • 2013 – Krzysztof Kozłowski, Polish journalist and politician, Polish Minister of Interior (b. 1931)
    • 2013 – Dave Leggett, American baseball player (b. 1933)
    • 2013 – Don Payne, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1964)
    • 2014 – Roger Birkman, American psychologist and author (b. 1919)
    • 2014 – Dick Guidry, American businessman and politician (b. 1929)
    • 2014 – Marcus Kimball, Baron Kimball, English politician (b. 1928)
    • 2015 – Dinkha IV, Iraqi patriarch (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – Friedrich L. Bauer, German mathematician, computer scientist, and academic (b. 1924)
    • 2015 – Tomas Tranströmer, Swedish poet, translator, and psychologist Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1931)
    • 2016 – Jim Harrison, American novelist, essayist, and poet (b. 1937)
    • 2018 – Fabrizio Frizzi, Italian television presenter (b. 1958)

    Holidays and observances on March 26

    • Christian feast days:
      • Castulus
      • Emmanuel and companions
      • Felicitas
      • Harriet Monsell (Church of England)
      • Larissa
      • Ludger
      • Richard Allen (Episcopal Church (USA))
      • March 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Independence Day and National Day (Bangladesh), celebrates the declaration of independence from Pakistan in 1971.
    • Martyr’s Day or Day of Democracy (Mali)
    • Prince Kūhiō Day (Hawaii, United States)
    • Purple Day (Canada and United States)
    • Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel (Eastern Christianity)
  • March 18 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula, leaves up to 20,000 dead.
    • 1229 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, declares himself King of Jerusalem in the Sixth Crusade.
    • 1241 – First Mongol invasion of Poland: Mongols overwhelm Polish armies in Kraków in the Battle of Chmielnik and plunder the city.
    • 1314 – Jacques de Molay, the 23rd and final Grand Master of the Knights Templar, is burned at the stake.
    • 1438 – Albert II of Habsburg becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
    • 1608 – Susenyos is formally crowned Emperor of Ethiopia.
    • 1644 – The Third Anglo-Powhatan War begins in the Colony of Virginia.
    • 1741 – New York governor George Clarke’s complex at Fort George is burned in an arson attack, starting the New York Conspiracy of 1741.
    • 1766 – American Revolution: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp Act.
    • 1793 – The first modern republic in Germany, the Republic of Mainz, is declared by Andreas Joseph Hofmann.
    • 1793 – Flanders Campaign of the French Revolution, Battle of Neerwinden.
    • 1834 – Six farm labourers from Tolpuddle, Dorset, England are sentenced to be transported to Australia for forming a trade union.
    • 1848 – March Revolution: In Berlin there is a struggle between citizens and military, costing about 300 lives.
    • 1850 – American Express is founded by Henry Wells and William Fargo.
    • 1865 – American Civil War: The Congress of the Confederate States adjourns for the last time.
    • 1871 – Declaration of the Paris Commune; President of the French Republic, Adolphe Thiers, orders the evacuation of Paris.
    • 1874 – Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights.
    • 1892 – Former Governor General Lord Stanley pledges to donate a silver challenge cup as an award for the best hockey team in Canada; it was later named after him as the Stanley Cup.
    • 1900 – AFC Ajax Amsterdam, The Netherlands’s biggest and most successful football club, was founded.
    • 1902 – Macario Sakay issues Presidential Order No. 1 of his Tagalog Republic.
    • 1913 – King George I of Greece is assassinated in the recently liberated city of Thessaloniki.
    • 1915 – World War I: During the Battle of Gallipoli, three battleships are sunk during a failed British and French naval attack on the Dardanelles.
    • 1921 – The second Peace of Riga is signed between Poland and the Soviet Union.
    • 1921 – The Kronstadt rebellion is suppressed by the Red Army.
    • 1922 – In India, Mohandas Gandhi is sentenced to six years in prison for civil disobedience, of which he serves only two.
    • 1925 – The Tri-State Tornado hits the Midwestern states of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana, killing 695 people.
    • 1937 – The New London School explosion in New London, Texas, kills 300 people, mostly children.
    • 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Spanish Republican forces defeat the Italians at the Battle of Guadalajara.
    • 1938 – Mexico creates Pemex by expropriating all foreign-owned oil reserves and facilities.
    • 1940 – World War II: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini meet at the Brenner Pass in the Alps and agree to form an alliance against France and the United Kingdom.
    • 1942 – The War Relocation Authority is established in the United States to take Japanese Americans into custody.
    • 1944 – Mount Vesuvius in Italy erupts, killing 26 people, causing thousands to flee their homes, and destroying dozens of Allied bombers.
    • 1948 – Soviet consultants leave Yugoslavia in the first sign of the Tito–Stalin Split.
    • 1953 – An earthquake hits western Turkey, killing 265 people.
    • 1959 – The Hawaii Admission Act is signed into law.
    • 1962 – The Évian Accords end the Algerian War of Independence, which had begun in 1954.
    • 1965 – Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space.
    • 1967 – The supertanker Torrey Canyon runs aground off the Cornish coast.
    • 1968 – Gold standard: The U.S. Congress repeals the requirement for a gold reserve to back US currency.
    • 1969 – The United States begins secretly bombing the Sihanouk Trail in Cambodia, used by communist forces to infiltrate South Vietnam.
    • 1970 – Lon Nol ousts Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia.
    • 1971 – Peru: a landslide crashes into Yanawayin Lake, killing 200 people at the mining camp of Chungar.
    • 1980 – A Vostok-2M rocket at Plesetsk Cosmodrome Site 43 explodes during a fueling operation, killing 48 people.
    • 1990 – Germans in the German Democratic Republic vote in the first democratic elections in the former communist dictatorship.
    • 1990 – In the largest art theft in US history, 12 paintings, collectively worth around $500 million, are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston.
    • 1994 – Bosnia’s Bosniaks and Croats sign the Washington Agreement, ending war between the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and establishing the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
    • 1996 – A nightclub fire in Quezon City, Philippines kills 162 people.
    • 1997 – The tail of a Russian Antonov An-24 charter plane breaks off while en route to Turkey causing the plane to crash and killing all 50 people on board.
    • 2014 – The parliaments of Russia and Crimea sign an accession treaty.
    • 2015 – The Bardo National Museum in Tunisia is attacked by gunmen. 23 people, almost all tourists, are killed, and at least 50 other people are wounded.

    Births on March 18

    • 1075 – Al-Zamakhshari, Persian scholar and theologian (d. 1144)
    • 1395 – John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter, English military commander (d. 1447)
    • 1495 – Mary Tudor, Queen of France (d. 1533)
    • 1548 – Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter (d. 1616)
    • 1552 – Polykarp Leyser the Elder, German theologian (d. 1610)
    • 1555 – Francis, Duke of Anjou (d. 1584)
    • 1578 – Adam Elsheimer, German painter (d. 1610)
    • 1590 – Manuel de Faria e Sousa, Portuguese historian and poet (d. 1649)
    • 1597 – Jérôme le Royer de la Dauversière, French religious leader, founded the Société Notre-Dame de Montréal (d. 1659)
    • 1603 – Simon Bradstreet, English colonial magistrate (d. 1697)
    • 1609 – Frederick III of Denmark (d. 1670)
    • 1634 – Madame de La Fayette, French author (d. 1693)
    • 1640 – Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1719)
    • 1657 – Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian organist and composer (d. 1743)
    • 1690 – Christian Goldbach, Prussian-German mathematician and academic (d. 1764)
    • 1701 – Niclas Sahlgren, Swedish businessman and philanthropist, co-founded the Swedish East India Company (d. 1776)
    • 1733 – Christoph Friedrich Nicolai, German author and bookseller (d. 1811)
    • 1780 – Miloš Obrenović, Serbian prince (d. 1860)
    • 1782 – John C. Calhoun, American lawyer and politician, 7th Vice President of the United States (d. 1850)
    • 1789 – Charlotte Elliott, English poet, hymn writer, editor (d. 1871)
    • 1798 – Francis Lieber, German-American jurist and philosopher (d. 1872)
    • 1800 – Harriet Smithson, Irish actress, the first wife and muse of Hector Berlioz (d. 1854)
    • 1813 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d. 1864)
    • 1814 – Jacob Bunn, American businessman (d. 1897)
    • 1819 – James McCulloch, Scottish-Australian politician, 5th Premier of Victoria (d. 1893)
    • 1820 – John Plankinton, American businessman and industrialist, also noted for philanthropy (d. 1891)
    • 1823 – Antoine Chanzy, French general (d. 1883)
    • 1828 – Randal Cremer, English activist and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1908)
    • 1837 – Grover Cleveland, American lawyer and politician, 22nd and 24th President of the United States (d. 1908)
    • 1840 – William Cosmo Monkhouse, English poet and critic (d. 1901)
    • 1842 – Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet and critic (d. 1898)
    • 1844 – Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer and academic (d. 1908)
    • 1846 – Kicking Bear, Native American tribal leader (d. 1904)
    • 1848 – Nathanael Greene Herreshoff, American architect and engineer (d. 1938)
    • 1858 – Rudolf Diesel, German engineer, invented the Diesel engine (d. 1913)
    • 1862 – Eugène Jansson, Swedish painter (d. 1915)
    • 1863 – William Sulzer, American lawyer and politician, 39th Governor of New York (d. 1941)
    • 1869 – Neville Chamberlain, English businessman and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1940)
    • 1870 – Agnes Sime Baxter, Canadian mathematician (d. 1917)
    • 1874 – Nikolai Berdyaev, Russian-French philosopher and theologian (d. 1948)
    • 1877 – Edgar Cayce, American mystic and psychic (d. 1945)
    • 1877 – Clem Hill, Australian cricketer and engineer (d. 1945)
    • 1878 – Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry, English businessman (d. 1956)
    • 1882 – Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer and educator (d. 1973)
    • 1884 – Bernard Cronin, English-Australian journalist and author (d. 1968)
    • 1886 – Edward Everett Horton, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1970)
    • 1890 – Henri Decoin, French director and screenwriter (d. 1969)
    • 1893 – Costante Girardengo, Italian cyclist (d. 1978)
    • 1893 – Wilfred Owen, English soldier and poet (d. 1918)
    • 1901 – Manly Palmer Hall, Canadian mystic, author and philosopher (d. 1990)
    • 1901 – William Johnson, American painter (d. 1970)
    • 1903 – Galeazzo Ciano, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1944)
    • 1903 – E. O. Plauen, German cartoonist (d. 1944)
    • 1904 – Srečko Kosovel, Slovenian poet and author (d. 1926)
    • 1904 – Margaret Tucker, Australian author and activist (d. 1996)
    • 1905 – Thomas Townsend Brown, American physicist and engineer (d. 1985)
    • 1905 – Robert Donat, English actor (d. 1958)
    • 1907 – John Zachary Young, English zoologist and neurophysiologist (d. 1997)
    • 1908 – Loulou Gasté, French composer (d. 1995)
    • 1909 – Ernest Gallo, American businessman, co-founded the E & J Gallo Winery (d. 2007)
    • 1909 – C. Walter Hodges, English author and illustrator (d. 2004)
    • 1911 – Smiley Burnette, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1967)
    • 1912 – Art Gilmore, American voice actor and announcer (d. 2010)
    • 1913 – René Clément, French director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – Werner Mölders, German colonel and pilot (d. 1941)
    • 1915 – Richard Condon, American author and screenwriter (d. 1996)
    • 1922 – Egon Bahr, German journalist and politician, Federal Minister for Special Affairs of Germany (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Seymour Martin Lipset, American sociologist and academic (d. 2006)
    • 1922 – Fred Shuttlesworth, American activist, co-founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (d. 2011)
    • 1923 – Andy Granatelli, American race car driver and businessman (d. 2013)
    • 1925 – Alessandro Alessandroni, Italian musician (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – James Pickles, English journalist, lawyer, and judge (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Peter Graves, American actor and director (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – John Kander, American pianist and composer
    • 1927 – George Plimpton, American journalist and actor (d. 2003)
    • 1927 – Lillian Vernon, German-American businesswoman and philanthropist, founded the Lillian Vernon Company (d. 2015)
    • 1928 – Miguel Poblet, Spanish cyclist (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – Fidel V. Ramos, Filipino general and politician, 12th President of the Philippines
    • 1929 – Samuel Pisar, Polish-American lawyer and author (d. 2015)
    • 1930 – James J. Andrews, American mathematician and academic (d. 1998)
    • 1931 – John Fraser, Scottish actor
    • 1932 – John Updike, American novelist, short story writer, and critic (d. 2009)
    • 1933 – Unita Blackwell, American civil rights activist and politician (d. 2019)
    • 1934 – Roy Chapman, English footballer and manager (d. 1983)
    • 1934 – Charley Pride, American country music singer and musician
    • 1935 – Ole Barndorff-Nielsen, Danish mathematician and statistician
    • 1935 – Frances Cress Welsing, American psychiatrist and author (d. 2016)
    • 1936 – F. W. de Klerk, South African lawyer and politician, 2nd State President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1937 – Rudi Altig, German cyclist and sportscaster (d. 2016)
    • 1937 – Mark Donohue, American race car driver (d. 1975)
    • 1938 – Carl Gottlieb, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1938 – Shashi Kapoor, Indian actor and producer (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Kenny Lynch, English singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2019)
    • 1938 – Timo Mäkinen, Finnish race car driver (d. 2017)
    • 1938 – Machiko Soga, Japanese actress (d. 2006)
    • 1939 – Ron Atkinson, English footballer and manager
    • 1939 – Jean-Pierre Wallez, French violinist and conductor
    • 1941 – Wilson Pickett, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1942 – Kathleen Collins, African-American filmmaker and playwright (d. 1988)
    • 1943 – Dennis Linde, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
    • 1944 – Amnon Lipkin-Shahak, Israeli general and politician, 22nd Transportation Minister of Israel (d. 2012)
    • 1944 – Frank McRae, American football player and actor
    • 1944 – Dick Smith, Australian publisher and businessman, founded Dick Smith Electronics and Australian Geographic
    • 1945 – Hiroh Kikai, Japanese photographer
    • 1945 – Michael Reagan, American journalist and radio host
    • 1945 – Susan Tyrrell, American actress (d. 2012)
    • 1945 – Eric Woolfson, Scottish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (d. 2009)
    • 1946 – Michel Leclère, French race car driver
    • 1947 – Patrick Barlow, English actor and playwright
    • 1947 – Patrick Chesnais, French actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1947 – David Lloyd, English cricketer, journalist, and sportscaster
    • 1947 – B. J. Wilson, English rock drummer (d. 1990)
    • 1948 – Guy Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1948 – Brian Lloyd, Welsh footballer
    • 1948 – Eknath Solkar, Indian cricketer (d. 2005)
    • 1949 – Åse Kleveland, Norwegian singer and politician, Norwegian Minister of Culture
    • 1950 – James Conlon, American conductor and educator
    • 1950 – Brad Dourif, American actor
    • 1950 – Linda Partridge, English geneticist and academic
    • 1950 – Larry Perkins, Australian race car driver
    • 1951 – Paul Barber, English actor
    • 1951 – Ben Cohen, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Ben and Jerry’s
    • 1951 – Bill Frisell, American guitarist and composer
    • 1951 – Timothy N. Philpot, American lawyer, author, and judge
    • 1952 – Will Durst, American journalist and actor
    • 1952 – Pat Eddery, Irish jockey and trainer (d. 2015)
    • 1952 – Bernie Tormé, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2019)
    • 1952 – Mike Webster, American football player (d. 2002)
    • 1953 – Franz Wright, Austrian-American poet and translator (d. 2015)
    • 1953 – Takashi Yoshimatsu, Japanese composer
    • 1955 – Francis G. Slay, American lawyer and politician, 45th Mayor of St. Louis
    • 1955 – Jeff Stelling, English journalist and game show host
    • 1956 – Rick Martel, Canadian wrestler
    • 1956 – Deborah Jeane Palfrey, American madam (d. 2008)
    • 1956 – Ingemar Stenmark, Swedish skier
    • 1957 – Christer Fuglesang, Swedish physicist and astronaut
    • 1958 – Richard de Zoysa, Sri Lankan journalist and author (d. 1990)
    • 1959 – Luc Besson, French director, producer, and screenwriter, founded EuropaCorp
    • 1960 – Richard Biggs, American actor (d. 2004)
    • 1960 – Guy Carbonneau, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1960 – James Plaskett, Cypriot-English chess player
    • 1961 – Grant Hart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)
    • 1962 – Michael Andrews, Australian rugby league player
    • 1962 – Irene Cara, American singer-songwriter, actress, and producer
    • 1962 – Brian Fisher, American baseball player
    • 1962 – Thomas Ian Griffith, American actor and martial artist
    • 1962 – James McMurtry, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
    • 1962 – Etsushi Toyokawa, Japanese actor and director
    • 1962 – Volker Weidler, German race car driver and engineer
    • 1963 – Jeff LaBar, American guitarist
    • 1963 – Vanessa L. Williams, American model, actress, and singer
    • 1964 – Bonnie Blair, American speed skater
    • 1964 – Alex Caffi, Italian race car driver
    • 1964 – Jo Churchill, British politician
    • 1964 – Courtney Pine, English saxophonist and clarinet player
    • 1964 – Isabel Noronha, Mozambican film director
    • 1966 – Jerry Cantrell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – Peter Jones, English businessman
    • 1966 – Brian Watts, Canadian golfer
    • 1967 – Miki Berenyi, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1968 – Prince Eudes, Duke of Angoulême
    • 1968 – Miguel Herrera, Mexican footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Temur Ketsbaia, Georgian footballer and manager
    • 1968 – Paul Marsden, English businessman and politician
    • 1969 – Andy Cutting, English accordion player and composer
    • 1969 – Vassily Ivanchuk, Ukrainian chess player
    • 1969 – Shaun Udal, English cricketer
    • 1970 – Queen Latifah, American rapper, producer, and actress
    • 1971 – Wayne Arthurs, Australian tennis player
    • 1971 – Mike Bell, American wrestler (d. 2008)
    • 1971 – Mariaan de Swardt, South African-American tennis player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1971 – Kitty Ussher, English economist and politician
    • 1972 – Dane Cook, American comedian, actor, director, and producer
    • 1972 – Reince Priebus, American lawyer and politician
    • 1973 – Luci Christian, American voice actress and screenwriter
    • 1974 – Laure Savasta, French basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Stuart Zender, English bass player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1975 – Sutton Foster, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1975 – Brian Griese, American football player and sportscaster
    • 1975 – Kimmo Timonen, Finnish ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Tomas Žvirgždauskas, Lithuanian footballer
    • 1976 – Giovanna Antonelli, Brazilian actress and producer
    • 1976 – Tomo Ohka, Japanese baseball player
    • 1976 – Scott Podsednik, American baseball player
    • 1976 – Mike Quackenbush, American wrestler, trainer, and author, founded Chikara wrestling promotion
    • 1977 – Zdeno Chára, Slovak ice hockey player
    • 1977 – Danny Murphy, English international footballer, midfielder and sportscaster
    • 1977 – Fernando Rodney, Dominican-American baseball player
    • 1977 – Willy Sagnol, French footballer and manager
    • 1977 – Terrmel Sledge, American baseball player and coach
    • 1978 – Fernandão, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 2014)
    • 1978 – Brooke Hanson, Australian swimmer
    • 1978 – Brian Scalabrine, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1978 – Jonas Wallerstedt, Swedish footballer, coach, and manager
    • 1979 – Adam Levine, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and television personality
    • 1980 – Sébastien Frey, French footballer
    • 1980 – Sophia Myles, English actress
    • 1980 – Alexei Yagudin, Russian figure skater
    • 1981 – Tora Berger, Norwegian biathlete
    • 1981 – Fabian Cancellara, Swiss cyclist
    • 1981 – Leslie Djhone, French sprinter
    • 1981 – Jang Na-ra, South Korean singer and actress
    • 1981 – Kasib Powell, American basketball player
    • 1981 – Tom Starke, German footballer
    • 1981 – Doug Warren, American soccer player
    • 1981 – Lovro Zovko, Croatian tennis player
    • 1982 – Mantorras, Angolan footballer
    • 1982 – Chad Cordero, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Timo Glock, German race car driver
    • 1982 – Adam Pally, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1983 – Ethan Carter III, American wrestler
    • 1983 – Stéphanie Cohen-Aloro, French tennis player
    • 1983 – Andy Sonnanstine, American baseball player
    • 1983 – Tomasz Stolpa, Polish footballer
    • 1984 – Simone Padoin, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Rajeev Ram, American tennis player
    • 1984 – Vonzell Solomon, American singer and actress
    • 1985 – Ana Beatriz, Brazilian race car driver
    • 1985 – Marvin Humes, English singer
    • 1985 – Vince Lia, Australian footballer
    • 1986 – Lykke Li, Swedish singer-songwriter
    • 1986 – Abdennour Chérif El-Ouazzani, Algerian footballer
    • 1987 – Rebecca Soni, American swimmer
    • 1989 – Francesco Checcucci, Italian footballer
    • 1989 – Lily Collins, English-American actress
    • 1989 – Shreevats Goswami, Indian cricketer
    • 1989 – Kana Nishino, Japanese singer-songwriter
    • 1989 – Paul Marc Rousseau, Canadian guitarist and producer
    • 1989 – Ming Xi, Chinese model
    • 1991 – Dylan Mattingly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1991 – Sam Williams, Australian rugby league player
    • 1992 – Ryan Truex, American race car driver
    • 1992 – Takuya Terada, Japanese singer, actor, and model
    • 1997 – Ciara Bravo, American actress
    • 1997 – Rieko Ioane, New Zealand rugby union player

    Deaths on March 18

    • 978 – Edward the Martyr, English king (b. 962)
    • 1076 – Ermengarde of Anjou, Duchess of Burgundy (b. 1018)
    • 1086 – Anselm of Lucca, Italian bishop (b. 1036)
    • 1227 – Pope Honorius III (b. 1148)
    • 1272 – John FitzAlan, 7th Earl of Arundel (b. 1246)
    • 1308 – Yuri I of Galicia
    • 1314 – Jacques de Molay, Frankish knight (b. 1244)
    • 1314 – Geoffroy de Charney, Preceptor of Normandy for the Knights Templar
    • 1321 – Matthew III Csák, Hungarian oligarch (b. c.1260/5)
    • 1582 – Juan Jauregui, attempted assassin of William I of Orange (b. 1562)
    • 1675 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier (b. 1606)
    • 1689 – John Dixwell, English soldier and politician (b. 1607)
    • 1745 – Robert Walpole, English scholar and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1676)
    • 1768 – Laurence Sterne, Irish novelist and clergyman (b. 1713)
    • 1781 – Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, French economist and politician, Controller-General of Finances (b. 1727)
    • 1823 – Jean-Baptiste Bréval, French cellist and composer (b. 1753)
    • 1835 – Christian Günther von Bernstorff, Danish-Prussian politician and diplomat (b. 1769)
    • 1845 – Johnny Appleseed, American gardener and missionary (b. 1774)
    • 1871 – Augustus De Morgan, Indian-English mathematician and academic (b. 1806)
    • 1898 – Matilda Joslyn Gage, American author and activist (b. 1826)
    • 1900 – Hjalmar Kiærskou, Danish botanist (b. 1835)
    • 1907 – Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1827)
    • 1913 – George I of Greece (b. 1845)
    • 1918 – Henry Janeway Hardenbergh, American architect, designed the Plaza Hotel (b. 1847)
    • 1930 – Jean Leon Gerome Ferris, American painter (b. 1863)
    • 1936 – Eleftherios Venizelos, Greek journalist, lawyer, and politician, 93rd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1864)
    • 1939 – Henry Simpson Lunn, English businessman, founded Lunn Poly (b. 1859)
    • 1941 – Henri Cornet, French cyclist (b. 1884)
    • 1947 – William C. Durant, American businessman, co-founded General Motors and Chevrolet (b. 1861)
    • 1954 – Walter Mead, English cricketer (b. 1868)
    • 1956 – Louis Bromfield, American environmentalist and author (b. 1896)
    • 1962 – Walter W. Bacon, American accountant and politician, 60th Governor of Delaware (b. 1880)
    • 1964 – Sigfrid Edström, Swedish businessman, 4th President of the International Olympic Committee (b. 1870)
    • 1965 – Farouk of Egypt (b. 1920)
    • 1973 – Johannes Aavik, Estonian philologist and poet (b. 1880)
    • 1977 – Marien Ngouabi, Congolese politician, President of the Republic of the Congo (b. 1938)
    • 1977 – Carlos Pace, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1944)
    • 1978 – Leigh Brackett, American author and screenwriter (b. 1915)
    • 1978 – Peggy Wood, American actress (b. 1892)
    • 1980 – Erich Fromm, German psychologist and philosopher (b. 1900)
    • 1982 – Patrick Smith, Irish farmer and politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (b. 1901)
    • 1983 – Umberto II of Italy (b. 1904)
    • 1984 – Charley Lau, American baseball player and coach (b. 1933)
    • 1986 – Bernard Malamud, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1914)
    • 1988 – Billy Butterfield, American trumpet player and cornet player (b. 1917)
    • 1990 – Robin Harris, American comedian (b. 1953)
    • 1993 – Kenneth E. Boulding, English-American economist and activist (b. 1910)
    • 1996 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek poet and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
    • 2000 – Eberhard Bethge, German theologian and academic (b. 1909)
    • 2001 – John Phillips, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Mamas & the Papas) (b. 1935)
    • 2002 – R. A. Lafferty, American soldier and author (b. 1914)
    • 2003 – Karl Kling, German race car driver (b. 1910)
    • 2003 – Adam Osborne, Thai-English engineer and businessman, founded the Osborne Computer Corporation (b. 1939)
    • 2004 – Harrison McCain, Canadian businessman, co-founded McCain Foods (b. 1927)
    • 2006 – Dan Gibson, Canadian photographer and cinematographer (b. 1922)
    • 2007 – Bob Woolmer, Indian-English cricketer, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1948)
    • 2008 – Anthony Minghella, English director and screenwriter (b. 1954)
    • 2009 – Omid Reza Mir Sayafi, Iranian journalist and blogger (b. 1980)
    • 2009 – Natasha Richardson, English-American actress (b. 1963)
    • 2010 – Fess Parker, American actor and businessman (b. 1924)
    • 2011 – Warren Christopher, American lawyer and politician, 63rd United States Secretary of State (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Furman Bisher, American journalist and author (b. 1918)
    • 2012 – William R. Charette, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1932)
    • 2012 – William G. Moore Jr., American general (b. 1920)
    • 2012 – George Tupou V of Tonga (b. 1948)
    • 2013 – Muhammad Mahmood Alam, Pakistani general and pilot (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Henry Bromell, American novelist, screenwriter, and director (b. 1947)
    • 2013 – Clay Ford, American lawyer and politician (b. 1938)
    • 2014 – Catherine Obianuju Acholonu, Nigerian author, playwright, and academic (b. 1951)
    • 2014 – Kaiser Kalambo, Zambian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1953)
    • 2014 – Lucius Shepard, American author and critic (b. 1943)
    • 2015 – Zhao Dayu, Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1961)
    • 2015 – Thomas Hopko, American priest and theologian (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – Grace Ogot, Kenyan nurse, journalist, and politician (b. 1930)
    • 2016 – Barry Hines, English author and screenwriter (b. 1939)
    • 2016 – Jan Němec, Czech director and screenwriter (b. 1936)
    • 2016 – Tray Walker, American football player (b. 1992)
    • 2016 – Guido Westerwelle, German lawyer and politician, 15th Vice-Chancellor of Germany (b. 1961)
    • 2017 – Chuck Berry, American guitarist, singer and songwriter (b. 1926)
    • 2020 – Alfred Worden, Apollo 15 command module pilot (b. 1932)

    Holidays and observances on March 18

    • Anniversary of the Oil Expropriation (Mexico)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Alexander of Jerusalem
      • Anselm of Lucca
      • Cyril of Jerusalem
      • Edward the Martyr
      • Fridianus
      • Salvator
      • March 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • The earliest date on which Holy Wednesday can fall, while April 21 is the latest; celebrated on the week before Easter. (Christianity)
    • Flag Day (Aruba)
    • Gallipoli Memorial Day (Turkey)
    • Men’s and Soldiers’ Day (Mongolia)
    • Ordnance Factories’ Day (India)
    • Sheelah’s Day (Ireland, Canada, Australia)
    • Teacher’s Day (Syria)
  • March 11- History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 222 – Alexander Severus becomes emperor of Rome, replacing his cousin, 18-year-old Elagabalus. The bodies of the assassinated emperor and his mother, Julia Soaemias, are dragged through the streets of the city and thrown into the Tiber.
    • 1387 – Battle of Castagnaro: English condottiero Sir John Hawkwood leads Padova to victory in a factional clash with Verona.
    • 1641 – Guaraní forces living in the Jesuit reductions defeat bandeirantes loyal to the Portuguese Empire at the Battle of Mbororé in present-day Panambí, Argentina.
    • 1649 – The Frondeurs and the French sign the Peace of Rueil.
    • 1702 – The Daily Courant, England’s first national daily newspaper, is published for the first time.
    • 1708 – Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
    • 1784 – The signing of the Treaty of Mangalore brings the Second Anglo-Mysore War to an end.
    • 1811 – During André Masséna’s retreat from the Lines of Torres Vedras, a division led by French Marshal Michel Ney fights off a combined Anglo-Portuguese force to give Masséna time to escape.
    • 1824 – The United States Department of War creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
    • 1845 – Flagstaff War: Unhappy with translational differences regarding the Treaty of Waitangi, chiefs Hone Heke, Kawiti and Māori tribe members chop down the British flagpole for a fourth time and drive settlers out of Kororareka, New Zealand.
    • 1848 – Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine and Robert Baldwin become the first Prime Ministers of the Province of Canada to be democratically elected under a system of responsible government.
    • 1851 – The first performance of Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi takes place in Venice.
    • 1861 – American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
    • 1864 – The Great Sheffield Flood kills 238 people in Sheffield, England.
    • 1872 – Construction of the Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales, begins; located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
    • 1879 – Shō Tai formally abdicated his position of King of Ryūkyū, under orders from Tokyo, ending the Ryukyu Kingdom.
    • 1888 – The Great Blizzard of 1888 begins along the eastern seaboard of the United States, shutting down commerce and killing more than 400.
    • 1917 – World War I: Mesopotamian campaign: Baghdad falls to Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Stanley Maude.
    • 1927 – In New York City, Samuel Roxy Rothafel opens the Roxy Theatre.
    • 1931 – Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR, abbreviated as GTO, is introduced in the Soviet Union.
    • 1941 – World War II: United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
    • 1945 – World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy attempts a large-scale kamikaze attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet anchored at Ulithi atoll in Operation Tan No. 2.
    • 1945 – World War II: The Empire of Vietnam, a short-lived Japanese puppet state, is established with Bảo Đại as its ruler.
    • 1946 – Rudolf Höss, the first commandant of Auschwitz concentration camp, is captured by British troops.
    • 1975 – Vietnam War: North Vietnamese and Viet Cong guerrilla forces establish control over Buôn Ma Thuột commune from the South Vietnamese army.
    • 1977 – The 1977 Hanafi Siege: More than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims are set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations join negotiations.
    • 1978 – Coastal Road massacre: At least 37 are killed and more than 70 are wounded when Fatah hijack an Israeli bus, prompting Israel’s Operation Litani.
    • 1981 – Hundreds of students protest in the University of Pristina in Kosovo, then part of Yugoslavia, to give their province more political rights. The protests then became a nationwide movement.
    • 1983 – Pakistan successfully conducts a cold test of a nuclear weapon.
    • 1983 – Bob Hawke is appointed Prime Minister of Australia.
    • 1985 – Mikhail Gorbachev is elected to the position of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union making Gorbachev the USSR’s de facto, and last, head of state.
    • 1990 – Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
    • 1990 – Patricio Aylwin is sworn in as the first democratically elected President of Chile since 1970.
    • 1993 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.
    • 1999 – Infosys becomes the first Indian company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
    • 2004 – Madrid train bombings: Simultaneous explosions on rush-hour trains in Madrid, Spain, killing 192 people.
    • 2006 – Michelle Bachelet is inaugurated as first female president of Chile.
    • 2007 – Georgia claims Russian helicopters attacked the Kodori Valley in Abkhazia, an accusation that Russia categorically denies later.
    • 2009 – Winnenden school shooting: Sixteen are killed and 11 are injured before recent-graduate Tim Kretschmer shoots and kills himself, leading to tightened weapons restrictions in Germany.
    • 2010 – Economist and businessman Sebastián Piñera is sworn in as President of Chile, while three earthquakes, the strongest measuring magnitude 6.9 and all centered next to Pichilemu, capital of Cardenal Caro province, hit central Chile during the ceremony.
    • 2011 – An earthquake measuring 9.0 in magnitude strikes 130 km (81 mi) east of Sendai, Japan, triggering a tsunami killing thousands of people. This event also triggered the second largest nuclear accident in history, and one of only two events to be classified as a Level 7 on the International Nuclear Event Scale.
    • 2012 – A U.S. soldier kills 16 civilians in the Panjwayi District of Afghanistan near Kandahar.
    • 2016 – At least 21 people are killed by flooding and mudslides in and around São Paulo, Brazil, following heavy rain.
    • 2020 – The World Health Organization (WHO) declares a pandemic due to the COVID-19 virus.

    Births on March 11

    • 1279 – Mary of Woodstock, daughter of Edward I of England (d. c.1332)
    • 1503 – George Harper, English politician (d. 1558)
    • 1530 – Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1573)
    • 1544 – Torquato Tasso, Italian poet and educator (d. 1595)
    • 1634 – Nicholas Gassaway, English colonial military and political leader (d. 1691)
    • 1738 – Benjamin Tupper, American general (d. 1792)
    • 1745 – Bodawpaya, Burmese king (d. 1819)
    • 1785 – John McLean, American jurist and politician, 6th United States Postmaster General (d. 1861)
    • 1787 – Ivan Nabokov, Russian general (d. 1852)
    • 1806 – Louis Boulanger, French Romantic painter, lithographer and illustrator (d. 1867)
    • 1811 – Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician and astronomer (d. 1877)
    • 1815 – Anna Bochkoltz, German operatic soprano, voice teacher and composer (d. 1879)
    • 1818 – Marius Petipa, French-Russian dancer and choreographer (d. 1910)
    • 1819 – Henry Tate, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Tate & Lyle (d. 1899)
    • 1822 – Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician, economist, and academic (d. 1900)
    • 1854 – Jane Meade Welch, American journalist and lecturer (d. 1931)
    • 1863 – Andrew Stoddart, English cricketer and rugby player (d. 1915)
    • 1870 – Louis Bachelier, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1946)
    • 1872 – Kathleen Clarice Groom, Australian-English author and screenwriter (d. 1954)
    • 1873 – David Horsley, English-American film producer, co-founded Universal Studios (d. 1933)
    • 1876 – Carl Ruggles, American pianist and composer (d. 1971)
    • 1878 – Umegatani Tōtarō II, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 1927)
    • 1880 – Harry H. Laughlin, American eugenicist and sociologist (d. 1943)
    • 1884 – Lewi Pethrus, Swedish minister and hymn-writer (d. 1974)
    • 1884 – Ömer Seyfettin, Turkish soldier, author, and educator (d. 1920)
    • 1885 – Malcolm Campbell, English race car driver and journalist (d. 1948)
    • 1887 – Raoul Walsh, American actor and director (d. 1980)
    • 1887 – Kâzım Orbay, Turkish general and politician (d. 1964)
    • 1890 – Vannevar Bush, American engineer and academic (d. 1974)
    • 1893 – Wanda Gág, American author and illustrator (d. 1946)
    • 1895 – Shemp Howard, American actor (d. 1955)
    • 1896 – Olivério Pinto, Brazilian zoologist and physician (d. 1981)
    • 1897 – Henry Cowell, American pianist and composer (d. 1965)
    • 1898 – Dorothy Gish, American actress (d. 1968)
    • 1899 – James H. Douglas, Jr., American colonel, lawyer, and politician, 9th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense (d. 1988)
    • 1899 – Frederick IX of Denmark (d. 1972)
    • 1900 – Hanna Bergas, German teacher who contributed to the rescue of Jewish children during WWII (d. 1987)
    • 1903 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand historian and scholar (d. 1989)
    • 1903 – Lawrence Welk, American accordion player and bandleader (d. 1992)
    • 1907 – Jessie Matthews, English actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1981)
    • 1908 – Matti Sippala, Finnish javelin thrower (d. 1997)
    • 1910 – Robert Havemann, German chemist and academic (d. 1982)
    • 1911 – Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 1st Baronet, Egyptian-Scottish general and politician (d. 1996)
    • 1913 – Wolf-Dietrich Wilcke, German colonel and pilot (d. 1944)
    • 1915 – Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
    • 1915 – J. C. R. Licklider, American computer scientist and psychologist (d. 1990)
    • 1916 – Ezra Jack Keats, American author and illustrator (d. 1983)
    • 1916 – Harold Wilson, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
    • 1920 – Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2017)
    • 1921 – Frank Harary, American mathematician and academic (d. 2005)
    • 1921 – Jeff Stollmeyer, Trinidadian cricketer (d. 1989)
    • 1921 – Astor Piazzolla, Argentine tango composer and bandoneon player (d. 1992)
    • 1922 – Cornelius Castoriadis, Greek economist and philosopher (d. 1997)
    • 1922 – José Luis López Vázquez, Spanish actor and director (d. 2009)
    • 1922 – Abdul Razak Hussein, Malaysian lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1976)
    • 1923 – Louise Brough, American tennis player (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Margaret Oakley Dayhoff, American biochemist and academic (d. 1983)
    • 1925 – İlhan Selçuk, Turkish lawyer, journalist, and author (d. 2010)
    • 1926 – Ralph Abernathy, American minister and activist (d. 1990)
    • 1927 – Joachim Fuchsberger, German actor and television host (d. 2014)
    • 1927 – Col Geelan, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1996)
    • 1927 – Freda Meissner-Blau, Austrian activist and politician (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Robert Mosbacher, American sailor, businessman, and politician, 25th United States Secretary of Commerce (d. 2010)
    • 1927 – Josep Maria Subirachs, Spanish sculptor and painter (d. 2014)
    • 1928 – Albert Salmi, American actor (d. 1990)
    • 1929 – Timothy Carey, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1994)
    • 1929 – Jackie McGlew, South African cricketer (d. 1998)
    • 1930 – David Gentleman, English illustrator and engraver
    • 1930 – Claude Jutra, Canadian actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1986)
    • 1931 – Janosch, Polish-German author and illustrator
    • 1931 – Marisa Del Frate, Italian actress and singer (d. 2015)
    • 1931 – Rupert Murdoch, Australian-American businessman and media magnate
    • 1932 – Leroy Jenkins, American violinist and composer (Revolutionary Ensemble) (d. 2007)
    • 1932 – Nigel Lawson, English journalist and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer
    • 1934 – Sam Donaldson, American journalist
    • 1936 – Hollis Frampton, American director, screenwriter, and photographer (d. 1984)
    • 1936 – Antonin Scalia, American lawyer and jurist, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 2016)
    • 1938 – Joseph Brooks, American director, producer, screenwriter, and composer (d. 2011)
    • 1939 – Lorraine Hunt, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Lieutenant Governor of Nevada
    • 1939 – Orlando Quevedo, Filipino cardinal
    • 1940 – Alberto Cortez, Argentinian-Spanish singer-songwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1942 – Marcus Borg, American scholar, theologian and author (d. 2015)
    • 1942 – Joel Steiger, American director, producer and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Arturo Merzario, Italian race car driver
    • 1945 – Dock Ellis, American baseball player and coach (d. 2008)
    • 1945 – Harvey Mandel, American guitarist
    • 1946 – Mark Metcalf, American actor and producer
    • 1947 – Geoff Hunt, Australian squash player
    • 1947 – Tristan Murail, French composer and educator
    • 1948 – Roy Barnes, American lawyer and politician, 80th Governor of Georgia
    • 1949 – Griselda Pollock, South African-English historian and academic
    • 1950 – Sam Kekovich, Australian footballer and sportscaster
    • 1950 – Bobby McFerrin, American singer-songwriter, producer, and conductor
    • 1950 – Jerry Zucker, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1951 – Andres Metspalu, Estonian geneticist and academic
    • 1951 – Dominique Sanda, French model and actress
    • 1952 – Douglas Adams, English author and playwright (d. 2001)
    • 1953 – László Bölöni, Romanian-Hungarian footballer and manager
    • 1953 – Derek Daly, Irish-American race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1953 – Jimmy Iovine, American record producer and businessman, co-founded Interscope Records and Beats Electronics
    • 1953 – Bernie LaBarge, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1954 – David Newman, American composer and conductor
    • 1954 – Gale Norton, American lawyer and politician, 48th United States Secretary of the Interior
    • 1955 – Leslie Cliff, Canadian swimmer
    • 1955 – Nina Hagen, German singer and actress
    • 1955 – D. J. MacHale, American author, director, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Willie Banks, American triple jumper
    • 1956 – Curtis Brown, American colonel, pilot and astronaut
    • 1956 – Helen Rollason, English journalist and sportscaster (d. 1999)
    • 1957 – The Lady Chablis, American drag queen performer (d. 2016)
    • 1958 – Ian Horrocks, English computer scientist and academic
    • 1958 – Tetsurō Oda, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1958 – James Pinkerton, American journalist and author
    • 1958 – Anissa Jones, American child actress (d. 1976)
    • 1958 – Flemming Rose, Danish journalist and author
    • 1959 – Manuel Negrete Arias, Mexican footballer and coach
    • 1959 – Nina Hartley, American pornographic actress/director, sex educator, sex-positive feminist, and author
    • 1959 – Margus Oopkaup, Estonian actor
    • 1959 – Dejan Stojanović, Serbian-American journalist and poet
    • 1960 – Christophe Gans, French director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – Junichi Sato, Japanese animator and director
    • 1960 – Warwick Taylor, New Zealand rugby player
    • 1961 – Elias Koteas, Canadian actor
    • 1961 – Bruce Watson, Canadian-Scottish guitarist
    • 1962 – Mary Gauthier, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1962 – Matt Mead, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Governor of Wyoming
    • 1963 – Gary Barnett, English footballer and manager
    • 1963 – Alex Kingston, English actress
    • 1963 – David LaChapelle, American photographer and director
    • 1964 – Peter Berg, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
    • 1964 – Vinnie Paul, American drummer, songwriter and producer (d. 2018)
    • 1964 – Shane Richie, English actor and singer
    • 1965 – Nigel Adkins, English footballer and manager
    • 1965 – Jesse Jackson, Jr., American lawyer and politician
    • 1965 – Wallace Langham, American actor
    • 1965 – Jenny Packham, English fashion designer
    • 1965 – Allan Vainola, Estonian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – Robbie Brookside, English wrestler and trainer
    • 1966 – John Thompson III, American basketball player and coach
    • 1966 – Ilias Zouros, Greek basketball player and coach
    • 1967 – John Barrowman, Scottish-American actor and singer
    • 1967 – Brad Carson, American lawyer and politician, United States Under Secretary of the Army
    • 1967 – Renzo Gracie, Brazilian-American mixed martial artist and trainer
    • 1967 – Cynthia Klitbo, Mexican actress
    • 1968 – Stéphane Bédard, Canadian lawyer and politician
    • 1968 – Simone Buchanan, Australian actress
    • 1968 – Lisa Loeb, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and actress
    • 1969 – Terrence Howard, American actor and producer
    • 1969 – Soraya, Colombian-American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2006)
    • 1970 – Andre Nickatina, American rapper and producer
    • 1971 – Johnny Knoxville, American actor, stuntman, and producer
    • 1971 – Martin Ručinský, Czech ice hockey player
    • 1972 – Paolo Ponzo, Italian footballer (d. 2013)
    • 1973 – Martin Hiden, Austrian footballer and coach
    • 1974 – Bobby Abreu, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1975 – João Barbosa, Portuguese racing driver
    • 1975 – Shawn Springs, American football player
    • 1976 – Thomas Gravesen, Danish footballer
    • 1976 – Kotomitsuki Keiji, Japanese sumo wrestler
    • 1977 – Becky Hammon, American-Russian basketball player and coach
    • 1978 – Scott Calderwood, English-Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1978 – Didier Drogba, Ivorian footballer
    • 1978 – Albert Luque, Spanish footballer
    • 1979 – Elton Brand, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Fred Jones, American basketball player
    • 1979 – Benji Madden, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1979 – Joel Madden, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1979 – Keren Peles, Israeli singer-songwriter and pianist
    • 1979 – Kirk Reynoldson, Australian rugby league player
    • 1980 – Paul Scharner, Austrian footballer
    • 1980 – Dan Uggla, American baseball player
    • 1981 – Heidi Cortez, American businesswoman and author
    • 1981 – Luke Johnson, English drummer and songwriter
    • 1981 – LeToya Luckett, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1982 – Brian Anderson, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Thora Birch, American actress
    • 1982 – Hasan Raza, Pakistani cricketer
    • 1983 – Lucy DeVito, American actress
    • 1985 – Paul Bissonnette, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Daniel Vázquez Evuy, Equatoguinean footballer
    • 1985 – Cassandra Fairbanks, American journalist and activist
    • 1985 – Luis Hernández, Mexican figure skater
    • 1985 – Stelios Malezas, Greek footballer
    • 1985 – Ajantha Mendis, Sri Lankan cricketer
    • 1985 – Derek Schouman, American football player
    • 1985 – Nikolai Topor-Stanley, Australian footballer
    • 1985 – Hakuhō Shō, Mongolian sumo wrestler, the 69th Yokozuna
    • 1986 – Dario Cologna, Swiss skier
    • 1986 – Mariko Shinoda, Japanese singer and actress
    • 1987 – Marc-André Gragnani, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1987 – Tanel Kangert, Estonian cyclist
    • 1987 – Ngonidzashe Makusha, Zimbabwean sprinter and long jumper
    • 1987 – Colin Munro, South African-New Zealand cricketer
    • 1988 – Fábio Coentrão, Portuguese footballer
    • 1988 – Cecil Lolo, South African footballer (d. 2015)
    • 1988 – Katsuhiko Nakajima, Japanese wrestler
    • 1989 – Anton Yelchin, Russian-born American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1990 – Ayumi Morita, Japanese tennis player
    • 1991 – Kamohelo Mokotjo, South African footballer
    • 1992 – Austin Swift, American actor
    • 1992 – KZ Tandingan, Filipina singer and rapper
    • 1993 – Jodie Comer, British actress
    • 1993 – Anthony Davis, American basketball player
    • 1994 – Andrew Robertson, Scottish footballer

    Deaths on March 11

    • 222 – Elagabalus, Roman emperor (b. 203)
    • 452 – Tai Wu Di, emperor of Northern Wei (b. 408)
    • 638 – Sophronius of Jerusalem (b. 560)
    • 857 – Eulogius of Córdoba, Spanish martyr and saint (b. 819)
    • 1198 – Marie of France, Countess of Champagne (b. 1145)
    • 1296 – John le Romeyn, Archbishop of York
    • 1353 – Theognostus, metropolitan of Kiev and Moscow
    • 1486 – Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1414)
    • 1514 – Donato Bramante, Italian architect, designed the San Pietro in Montorio (b. 1444)
    • 1575 – Matthias Flacius, Croatian theologian and reformer (b. 1520)
    • 1602 – Emilio de’ Cavalieri, Italian organist and composer (b. 1550)
    • 1607 – Giovanni Maria Nanino, Italian composer and educator (b. 1543)
    • 1646 – Stanisław Koniecpolski, Polish soldier and statesman (b. c. 1592)
    • 1665 – Clemente Tabone, Maltese landowner and militia member (b. c. 1575)
    • 1722 – John Toland, Irish philosopher and theorist (b. 1670)
    • 1759 – John Forbes, Scottish general (b. 1710)
    • 1820 – Benjamin West, American-English painter and academic (b. 1738)
    • 1851 – Marie Louise Coidavid, Queen of Haiti (b. 1778)
    • 1851 – George McDuffie, American lawyer and politician, 55th Governor of South Carolina (b. 1790)
    • 1854 – Willard Richards, American journalist and religious leader (b. 1804)
    • 1863 – Sir James Outram, 1st Baronet, English general (b. 1803)
    • 1869 – Vladimir Odoyevsky, Russian philosopher and critic (b. 1803)
    • 1870 – Moshoeshoe I of Lesotho (b. 1786)
    • 1874 – Charles Sumner, American lawyer and politician (b. 1811)
    • 1898 – William Rosecrans, American general and politician (b. 1819)
    • 1898 – Tigran Chukhajian, Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1837)
    • 1907 – Jean Casimir-Perier, French lawyer and politician, 6th President of France (b. 1847)
    • 1908 – Edmondo De Amicis, Italian journalist and author (b. 1846)
    • 1908 – Benjamin Waugh, American minister and activist (b. 1839)
    • 1915 – Thomas Alexander Browne, English-Australian author (b. 1826)
    • 1920 – Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian astronomer, mathematician, and engineer (b. 1865)
    • 1927 – Xenophon Stratigos, Greek general and politician, Greek Minister of Transport (b. 1869)
    • 1931 – F. W. Murnau, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1888)
    • 1937 – Joseph S. Cullinan, American businessman, co-founded Texaco (b. 1860)
    • 1944 – Hendrik Willem van Loon, Dutch-American journalist and historian (b. 1882)
    • 1944 – Edgar Zilsel, Austrian historian and philosopher of science, linked to the Vienna Circle (b. 1891)
    • 1949 – Anastasios Charalambis, Greek general and politician, 109th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1862)
    • 1949 – Henri Giraud, French general and politician (b. 1879)
    • 1952 – Pierre Renoir, French actor and director (b. 1885)
    • 1955 – Alexander Fleming, Scottish biologist, pharmacologist, and botanist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
    • 1955 – Oscar F. Mayer, German-American businessman, founded Oscar Mayer (b. 1859)
    • 1957 – Richard E. Byrd, American admiral and explorer (b. 1888)
    • 1958 – Ole Kirk Christiansen, Danish businessman, founded The Lego Group (b. 1891)
    • 1959 – Lester Dent, American author (b. 1904)
    • 1960 – Roy Chapman Andrews, American paleontologist and explorer (b. 1884)
    • 1965 – Harry Altham, English cricketer, historian and coach (b. 1888)
    • 1967 – Geraldine Farrar, American soprano and actress (b. 1882)
    • 1968 – Haşim İşcan, Turkish educator and politician, 18th Mayor of İstanbul (b. 1898)
    • 1969 – John Daly, Irish runner (b. 1880)
    • 1969 – John Wyndham, English soldier and author (b. 1903)
    • 1970 – Erle Stanley Gardner, American lawyer and author (b. 1889)
    • 1971 – Philo Farnsworth, American inventor (b. 1906)
    • 1971 – Whitney Young, American activist (b. 1921)
    • 1977 – Ulysses S. Grant IV, American geologist and paleontologist (b. 1893)
    • 1978 – Claude François, Egyptian-French singer-songwriter and dancer (b. 1939)
    • 1980 – Chandra Bhanu Gupta, Indian politician, 4th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (b. 1902)
    • 1982 – Edmund Cooper, English poet and author (b. 1926)
    • 1982 – Horace Gregory, American poet, translator, and academic (b. 1898)
    • 1983 – Will Glickman, American playwright (b. 1910)
    • 1984 – Kostas Roukounas, Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1903)
    • 1986 – Sonny Terry, American singer and harmonica player (b. 1911)
    • 1989 – James Kee, American lawyer and politician (b. 1917)
    • 1989 – John J. McCloy, American lawyer and banker (b. 1895)
    • 1992 – Richard Brooks, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1912)
    • 1995 – Myfanwy Talog, Welsh actress and singer (b. 1945)
    • 1996 – Vince Edwards, American actor and director (b. 1928)
    • 1999 – Herbert Jasper, Canadian psychologist, anatomist, and neurologist (b. 1906)
    • 1999 – Camille Laurin, Canadian psychiatrist and politician (b. 1922)
    • 2002 – James Tobin, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
    • 2006 – Bernie Geoffrion, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2006 – Slobodan Milošević, Serbian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (b. 1941)
    • 2007 – Betty Hutton, American actress and singer (b. 1921)
    • 2008 – Nils Taube, Estonian-English businessman (b. 1928)
    • 2009 – Charles Lewis, Jr., American businessman, co-founded Tapout Clothing (b. 1963)
    • 2010 – John Hill, Canadian-American wrestler (b. 1941)
    • 2010 – Merlin Olsen, American football player and actor (b. 1940)
    • 2010 – T. Somasekaram, Sri Lankan geographer and politician, 37th Surveyor General of Sri Lanka (b. 1934)
    • 2010 – Hans van Mierlo, Dutch journalist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1931)
    • 2011 – Gary Wichard, American football player and agent (b. 1950)
    • 2012 – Henry Adefope, Nigerian physician and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Nigeria (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Sid Couchey, American author and illustrator (b. 1919)
    • 2012 – James B. Morehead, American colonel and pilot (b. 1916)
    • 2012 – Gösta Schwarck, German-Danish pianist and composer (b. 1915)
    • 2013 – Erica Andrews, Mexican-American drag queen performer (b. 1969)
    • 2013 – Martin Adolf Bormann, German priest and theologian (b. 1930)
    • 2013 – Doug Christie, Canadian lawyer and activist (b. 1946)
    • 2013 – Simón Alberto Consalvi, Venezuelan journalist and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Venezuela (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Florian Siwicki, Polish general and politician (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Dean Bailey, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1967)
    • 2014 – Joel Brinkley, American journalist and academic (b. 1952)
    • 2015 – Walter Burkert, German philologist and scholar (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Jimmy Greenspoon, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player (b. 1948)
    • 2015 – Gerald Hurst, American chemist and academic (b. 1937)
    • 2016 – Iolanda Balaș, Romanian high jumper and educator (b. 1936)
    • 2016 – Keith Emerson, English musician and composer. (b. 1944)
    • 2016 – Doreen Massey, English geographer and academic (b. 1944)
    • 2018 – Mary Rosenblum, American science fiction and mystery author (b. 1952)

    Holidays and observances on March 11

    • Christian feast day:
      • Alberta of Agen
      • Áurea of San Millán
      • Benedict of Milan
      • Constantine
      • Eulogius of Córdoba
      • Blessed John Righi
      • Óengus of Tallaght
      • Sophronius of Jerusalem
      • Vindicianus
    • Day of Restoration of Independence from the Soviet Union in 1990 (Lithuania)
    • Johnny Appleseed Day (United States)
    • Moshoeshoe Day (Lesotho)
  • March 10 – History, Events, Births, Deaths Holidays and Observances On This Day

    • 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end.
    • 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a triumphal entry into Carthage.
    • 947 – The Later Han is founded by Liu Zhiyuan. He declares himself emperor.
    • 1607 – Susenyos I defeats the combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in Gojjam, making him Emperor of Ethiopia.
    • 1629 – Charles I dissolves the Parliament of England, beginning the eleven-year period known as the Personal Rule.
    • 1735 – An agreement between Nader Shah and Russia is signed near Ganja, Azerbaijan and Russian troops are withdrawn from occupied territories.
    • 1762 – French Huguenot Jean Calas, who had been wrongly convicted of killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities; the event inspired Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
    • 1814 – Emperor Napoleon I is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.
    • 1830 – The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army is created.
    • 1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War.
    • 1861 – El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.
    • 1873 – The first Azerbaijani play “The Adventures of the Vizier of the Khan of Lenkaran” prepared by Akhundov was performed by Hassan-bey Zardabi and dramatist and Najaf-bey Vezirov.
    • 1876 – The first successful test of a telephone is made by Alexander Graham Bell.
    • 1891 – Almon Strowger patents the Strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.
    • 1906 – The Courrières mine disaster, Europe’s worst ever, kills 1099 miners in northern France.
    • 1909 – By signing the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, Thailand relinquishes its sovereignty over the Malay states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu, which become British protectorates.
    • 1922 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in India, tried for sedition, and sentenced to six years in prison, only to be released after nearly two years for an appendicitis operation.
    • 1933 – The Long Beach earthquake affects the Greater Los Angeles Area leaving around 108 people dead.
    • 1944 – Greek Civil War: The Political Committee of National Liberation is established in Greece by the National Liberation Front.
    • 1945 – World War II: The U.S. Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting conflagration kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
    • 1949 – Mildred Gillars (“Axis Sally”) is convicted of treason.
    • 1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup in Cuba.
    • 1959 – Tibetan uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by China, thousands of Tibetans surround the Dalai Lama’s palace to prevent his removal.
    • 1966 – Military Prime Minister of South Vietnam Nguyễn Cao Kỳ sacked rival General Nguyễn Chánh Thi, precipitating large-scale civil and military dissension in parts of the nation.
    • 1969 – In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King, Jr. He later unsuccessfully attempts to recant.
    • 1970 – Vietnam War: Captain Ernest Medina is charged by the U.S. military with My Lai war crimes.
    • 1975 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in the South on their way to capturing Saigon in the final push for victory over South Vietnam.
    • 1977 – Astronomers discover the rings of Uranus.
    • 1990 – In Haiti, Prosper Avril is ousted 18 months after seizing power in a coup.
    • 2006 – The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter arrives at Mars.
    • 2017 – The impeachment of President Park Geun-hye of South Korea in response to a major political scandal is unanimously upheld by the country’s Constitutional Court, ending her presidency.
    • 2019 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a Boeing 737 MAX, crashes, leading to all 737 MAX aircraft being grounded worldwide.

    Births on March 10

    • 1452 – Ferdinand II, king of Castile and León (d. 1516)
    • 1503 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)
    • 1536 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (d. 1572)
    • 1604 – Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch alchemist and chemist (d. 1670)
    • 1628 – François Girardon, French sculptor (d. 1715)
    • 1628 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician and biologist (d. 1694)
    • 1656 – Giacomo Serpotta, Italian Rococo sculptor (d. 1732)
    • 1653 – John Benbow, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1702)
    • 1709 – Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician, and explorer (d. 1746)
    • 1749 – Lorenzo Da Ponte, Italian-American priest and poet (d. 1838)
    • 1769 – Joseph Williamson, English businessman and philanthropist (d. 1840)
    • 1772 – Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, German poet and critic (d. 1829)
    • 1777 – Louis Hersent, French painter (d. 1860)
    • 1787 – Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1862)
    • 1787 – William Etty, English painter and academic (d. 1849)
    • 1788 – Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German author, poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1857)
    • 1788 – Edward Hodges Baily, English sculptor (d. 1867)
    • 1789 – Manuel de la Peña y Peña, Mexican lawyer and 20th President (1847) (d. 1850)
    • 1795 – Joseph Légaré, Canadian painter and glazier, artist, seigneur and political figure (d. 1855)
    • 1810 – Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet and lawyer (d. 1886)
    • 1844 – Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist and composer (d. 1908)
    • 1844 – Marie Euphrosyne Spartali, British Pre-Raphaelite painter (d. 1927)
    • 1845 – Alexander III of Russia (d. 1894)
    • 1846 – Edward Baker Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1850)
    • 1849 – Hallie Quinn Brown, African-American educator, writer and activist (d. 1949)
    • 1850 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (d. 1906)
    • 1853 – Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-New Zealand cartographer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)
    • 1867 – Hector Guimard, French-American architect (d. 1942)
    • 1867 – Lillian Wald, American nurse, humanitarian, and author, founded the Henry Street Settlement (d. 1940)
    • 1870 – David Riazanov, Russian theorist and politician (d. 1938)
    • 1873 – Jakob Wassermann, German-Austrian soldier and author (d. 1934)
    • 1876 – Anna Hyatt Huntington, American sculptor (d. 1973)
    • 1877 – Pascual Ortiz Rubio, Mexican diplomat and president (1930-1932) (d. 1963)
    • 1881 – Jessie Boswell, English painter (d. 1956)
    • 1888 – Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor (d. 1961)
    • 1890 – Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1939)
    • 1892 – Arthur Honegger, French composer and educator (d. 1955)
    • 1892 – Gregory La Cava, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1952)
    • 1896 – Frederick Coulton Waugh, British cartoonist, painter, teacher and author (d. 1973)
    • 1900 – Violet Brown, Jamaican supercentenarian, oldest Jamaican ever (d. 2017)
    • 1900 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician (d. 1943)
    • 1901 – Michel Seuphor, Belgian painter (d. 1999)
    • 1903 – Bix Beiderbecke, American cornet player, pianist, and composer (d. 1931)
    • 1903 – Clare Boothe Luce, American playwright, journalist, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (d. 1987)
    • 1903 – Edward Bawden, British artist and illustrator (d. 1989)
    • 1914 – Chandler Harper, American golfer (d. 2004)
    • 1914 – K. P. Ratnam, Sri Lankan academic and politician (d. 2010)
    • 1915 – Harry Bertoia, Italian-American sculptor and furniture designer (d. 1978)
    • 1915 – Joža Horvat, Croatian writer (d. 2012)
    • 1916 – Davie Fulton, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 2000)
    • 1917 – David Hare, American Surrealist artist, sculptor, photographer and painter (d. 1992)
    • 1918 – Günther Rall, German general and pilot (d. 2009)
    • 1919 – Marion Hutton, American singer and actress (d. 1987)
    • 1920 – Alfred Peet, Dutch-American businessman, founded Peet’s Coffee & Tea (d. 2007)
    • 1920 – Boris Vian, French author and playwright (d. 1959)
    • 1922 – Kiyoshi Yamashita, Japanese painter (d. 1971)
    • 1923 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
    • 1924 – Judith Jones, American literary and cookbook editor (d. 2017)
    • 1925 – Bob Lanier, American lawyer, banker, and politician, 58th Mayor of Houston (d. 2014)
    • 1926 – Marques Haynes, American basketball player (d. 2015)
    • 1927 – Claude Laydu, Belgian-French actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
    • 1927 – Paul Wunderlich, German painter, sculptor and graphic artist (d. 2010)
    • 1928 – Sara Montiel, Spanish actress (d. 2013)
    • 1928 – James Earl Ray, American criminal; assassin of Martin Luther King Jr. (d. 1998)
    • 1929 – Sam Steiger, American journalist and politician (d. 2012)
    • 1930 – Sándor Iharos, Hungarian runner (d. 1996)
    • 1931 – Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (d. 2001)
    • 1932 – Marcia Falkender, Baroness Falkender, English politician (d. 2019)
    • 1932 – Udupi Ramachandra Rao, Indian physicist and engineer (d. 2017)
    • 1933 – Perunchithiranar, Tamil poet (d. 1995)
    • 1933 – Elizabeth Azcona Cranwell, Argentinian poet and translator (d. 2004)
    • 1934 – Gergely Kulcsár, Hungarian javelin thrower and coach
    • 1935 – Graham Farmer, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2019)
    • 1936 – Sepp Blatter, Swiss businessman
    • 1936 – Alfredo Zitarrosa, Uruguayan singer-songwriter and journalist (d. 1989)
    • 1938 – Norman Blake, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1938 – Ieronymos II of Athens, Greek archbishop
    • 1939 – Asghar Ali Engineer, Indian activist and author (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Hugh Johnson, English author and critic
    • 1939 – Irina Press, Ukrainian-Russian hurdler and pentathlete (d. 2004)
    • 1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor, producer, and martial artist
    • 1940 – David Rabe, American playwright and screenwriter
    • 1943 – Peter Berresford Ellis, English historian and author
    • 1944 – Gail North-Saunders, Bahamian historian, archivist, and author who established the Bahamian National Archives
    • 1945 – Katharine Houghton, American actress and playwright
    • 1945 – Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Railways (d. 2001)
    • 1946 – Gérard Garouste, French contemporary artist
    • 1946 – Mike Hollands, Australian animator and director, founded Act3animation
    • 1946 – Jim Valvano, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)
    • 1947 – Kim Campbell, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Canada
    • 1947 – Tom Scholz, American rock musician (Boston), songwriter, inventor, and engineer
    • 1948 – Austin Carr, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1949 – Bill Buxton, Canadian computer scientist and academic
    • 1949 – Barbara Corcoran, American businesswoman and television personality
    • 1950 – Catherine Pugh, American politician, 50th mayor of Baltimore
    • 1952 – Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (d. 2018)
    • 1953 – Paul Haggis, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1954 – Didier Barbelivien, French singer-songwriter
    • 1955 – Toshio Suzuki, Japanese race car driver
    • 1956 – Robert Llewellyn, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1956 – Larry Myricks, American long jumper and sprinter
    • 1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi Arabian terrorist, founded al-Qaeda (d. 2011)
    • 1958 – Garth Crooks, English footballer forward and sportscaster
    • 1958 – Steve Howe, American baseball player (d. 2006)
    • 1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress and producer
    • 1961 – Laurel Clark, American captain, physician, and astronaut (d. 2003)
    • 1961 – Bobby Petrino, American football player and coach
    • 1962 – Jasmine Guy, American actress, singer, and director
    • 1962 – Seiko Matsuda, Japanese singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1963 – Jeff Ament, American bass player and songwriter
    • 1963 – Felipe Ramos, Mexican footballer and referee
    • 1963 – Rick Rubin, American record producer, founded Def Jam Recordings
    • 1964 – Neneh Cherry, Swedish singer-songwriter
    • 1964 – Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
    • 1964 – Jojo Lastimosa, Filipino basketball player and coach
    • 1964 – Nikola Mladenov, Macedonian journalist (d. 2013)
    • 1964 – Toni Polster, Austrian footballer and manager
    • 1965 – Jillian Richardson, Canadian sprinter
    • 1965 – Rod Woodson, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1966 – Edie Brickell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1966 – Mike Timlin, American baseball player
    • 1968 – Thio Li-ann, Singaporean lawyer and academic
    • 1968 – Pavel Srníček, Czech footballer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor and director
    • 1972 – Timbaland, American rapper and producer
    • 1973 – Jason Croker, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1973 – Chris Sutton, English footballer
    • 1973 – Mauricio Taricco, Argentinian footballer, full back and assistant manager
    • 1976 – Barbara Schett, Austrian tennis player
    • 1978 – Camille, French singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1978 – Benjamin Burnley, American musician
    • 1981 – Samuel Eto’o, Cameroonian footballer
    • 1981 – Steven Reid, English-Irish footballer
    • 1982 – Kwame Brown, American basketball player
    • 1983 – Étienne Boulay, Canadian football player
    • 1983 – Rafe Spall, English actor
    • 1983 – Janet Mock, American journalist, author, and activist
    • 1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1984 – Ben May, English footballer
    • 1987 – Martellus Bennett, American football player
    • 1987 – Greg Eastwood, New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1987 – Māris Štrombergs, Latvian BMX racer
    • 1988 – Josh Hoffman, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
    • 1988 – Ivan Rakitić, Croatian football player
    • 1992 – Neeskens Kebano, French-born Congolese international footballer
    • 1993 – Jack Butland, English footballer
    • 1995 – DaeSean Hamilton, American football player
    • 1995 – Zach LaVine, American basketball player
    • 1995 – Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer
    • 1997 – Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player

    Deaths on March 10

    • 483 – Pope Simplicius
    • 933 – Li Renfu, Chinese warlord and governor
    • 948 – Liu Zhiyuan, Shatuo founder of the Later Han dynasty (b. 895)
    • 1039 – Eudes, Duke of Gascony
    • 1222 – Johan Sverkersson, king of Sweden since 1216 (b. 1201)
    • 1289 – Maud de Lacy, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester, English noble (b. 1223)
    • 1291 – Arghun, Mongol ruler in Persia
    • 1315 – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic (b. c.1244)
    • 1391 – Tvrtko I of Bosnia (b. 1338)
    • 1476 – Richard West, 7th Baron De La Warr (b. 1430)
    • 1510 – Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, Swiss priest and theologian (b. 1445)
    • 1513 – John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English commander and politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1443)
    • 1527 – Nam Gon, Korean writer and prime minister (b. 1471)
    • 1528 – Balthasar Hübmaier, influential German/Moravian Anabaptist leader (b. 1480)
    • 1572 – William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester (b. c. 1483)
    • 1585 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (b. 1517)
    • 1588 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss physician and scholar (b. 1533)
    • 1670 – Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch chemist and engineer (b. 1604)
    • 1682 – Jacob van Ruisdael, Dutch painter and etcher (b. 1628)
    • 1724 – Urban Hjärne, Swedish chemist, geologist, and physician (b. 1641)
    • 1776 – Élie Catherine Fréron, French author and critic (b. 1719)
    • 1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Scottish politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713)
    • 1823 – George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith, Scottish admiral and politician (b. 1746)
    • 1826 – John Pinkerton, Scottish antiquarian, cartographer, author, numismatist and historian (b. 1758)
    • 1832 – Muzio Clementi, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1752)
    • 1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet, playwright, and ethnographer (b. 1814)
    • 1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1805)
    • 1898 – Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French nun and saint, founded the Religious of the Assumption (b. 1817)
    • 1895 – Charles Frederick Worth, English-French fashion designer, founded the House of Worth (b. 1826)
    • 1897 – Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (b. 1831)
    • 1910 – Karl Lueger, Austrian lawyer and politician Mayor of Vienna (b. 1844)
    • 1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1824)
    • 1913 – Harriet Tubman, American nurse and activist (b. c.1820)
    • 1925 – Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper and lawyer (b. 1878)
    • 1930 – Misuzu Kaneko, Japanese poet and songwriter (b. 1903)
    • 1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian journalist and author (b. 1884)
    • 1940 – Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian novelist and playwright (b. 1891)
    • 1942 – Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacist and chemist (b. 1865)
    • 1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author, poet, and dancer (b. 1900)
    • 1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czech soldier and politician (b. 1886)
    • 1951 – Kijūrō Shidehara, Japanese lawyer and politician, 44th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)
    • 1965 – Archibald Frazer-Nash, English engineer, founded Frazer Nash (b. 1889)
    • 1966 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
    • 1966 – Frank O’Connor, Irish short story writer, novelist, and poet (b. 1903)
    • 1977 – E. Power Biggs, English-American organist and composer (b. 1906)
    • 1982 – Minoru Shirota, Japanese physician and microbiologist, invented Yakult (b. 1899)
    • 1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, Russian soldier and politician, 8th Head of State of The Soviet Union (b. 1911)
    • 1985 – Bob Nieman, American baseball player and scout (b. 1927)
    • 1986 – Ray Milland, Welsh-American actor and director (b. 1905)
    • 1988 – Andy Gibb, Manx-Australian singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1958)
    • 1989 – Kermit Beahan, American colonel and pilot (b. 1918)
    • 1990 – Pat McDonald, Australian actress (b. 1921)
    • 1992 – Giorgos Zampetas, Greek bouzouki player and composer (b. 1925)
    • 1995 – Agepê, Brazilian singer/composer (b. 1942)
    • 1996 – Ross Hunter, American film producer (b. 1926)
    • 1997 – LaVern Baker, American singer and actress (b. 1929)
    • 1998 – Lloyd Bridges, American actor and director (b. 1913)
    • 1999 – Oswaldo Guayasamín, Ecuadorian painter and sculptor (b. 1919)
    • 2001 – Massimo Morsello, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1958)
    • 2004 – Renos Apostolidis, Greek philologist, author, and critic (b. 1924)
    • 2005 – Dave Allen, Irish-English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
    • 2006 – Anna Moffo, American soprano (b. 1932)
    • 2007 – Ernie Ladd, American football player and wrestler (b. 1938)
    • 2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian scholar and academic (b. 1928)
    • 2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (b. 1971)
    • 2011 – Bill Blackbeard, American author and illustrator (b. 1926)
    • 2012 – Bert R. Bulkin, American engineer (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Jean Giraud, French author and illustrator (b. 1938)
    • 2012 – Mykola Plaviuk, Ukrainian politician, President Ukrainian People’s Republic in Exile (b. 1925)
    • 2012 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
    • 2012 – Tan Boon Teik, Malaysian-Singaporean lawyer and politician, Attorney-General of Singapore (b. 1929)
    • 2015 – Richard Glatzer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
    • 2016 – Ken Adam, German-English production designer and art director (b. 1921)
    • 2016 – Roberto Perfumo, Argentinian footballer and sportscaster (b. 1942)
    • 2016 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician, 14th President of the Senate of the Philippines (b. 1920)
    • 2016 – Anita Brookner, English novelist and art historian (b. 1928)

    Holidays and observances  on March 10

    • Christian feast day
      • Attala
      • Harriet Tubman (Lutheran)
      • John Ogilvie
      • Macarius of Jerusalem
      • Marie-Eugénie de Jésus
      • Pope Simplicius
      • Sojourner Truth (Lutheran)
      • March 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Harriet Tubman Day (United States of America)
    • Holocaust Remembrance Day (Bulgaria)
    • National Women and Girls HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
    • Tibetan Uprising Day (Tibetan independence movement)
  • March 1 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    March 1 in History

    • 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
    • 86 BC – Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army, enters Athens, removing the tyrant Aristion who was supported by troops of Mithridates VI of Pontus ending the Siege of Athens and Piraeus.
    • 293 – Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars. This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi (“Four Rulers of the World”).
    • 317 – Crispus and Constantine II, sons of Roman Emperor Constantine I, and Licinius Iunior, son of Emperor Licinius, are made Caesares.
    • 350 – Vetranio is asked by Constantina, sister of Constantius II, to proclaim himself Caesar.
    • 834 – Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire. After his re-accession to the throne, his eldest son Lothair I flees to Burgundy.
    • 1457 – The Unitas Fratrum is established in the village of Kunvald, on the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. It is to date the second oldest Protestant denomination.
    • 1476 – Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.
    • 1562 – Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.
    • 1565 – The city of Rio de Janeiro is founded.
    • 1628 – Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.
    • 1633 – Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.
    • 1642 – Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine), becomes the first incorporated city in the United States.
    • 1692 – Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.
    • 1700 – Sweden introduces its own Swedish calendar, in an attempt to gradually merge into the Gregorian calendar, reverts to the Julian calendar on this date in 1712, and introduces the Gregorian calendar on this date in 1753.
    • 1713 – The siege and destruction of Fort Neoheroka begins during the Tuscarora War in North Carolina, effectively opening up the colony’s interior to European colonization.
    • 1781 – The Articles of Confederation goes into effect in the United States.
    • 1790 – The first United States census is authorized.
    • 1793 – French Revolutionary War: Battle of Aldenhoven during the Flanders Campaign.
    • 1796 – The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.
    • 1803 – Ohio becomes the 17th state of The United States.
    • 1805 – Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial by the U.S. Senate.
    • 1811 – Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.
    • 1815 – Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba.
    • 1815 – Georgetown University’s congressional charter is signed into law by President James Madison.
    • 1836 – A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
    • 1845 – United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
    • 1852 – Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton, is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
    • 1854 – German psychologist Friedrich Eduard Beneke disappears; two years later his remains are found in a canal near Charlottenburg.
    • 1867 – Nebraska becomes the 37th U.S. state; Lancaster, Nebraska is renamed Lincoln and becomes the state capital.
    • 1868 – The Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity is founded at the University of Virginia.
    • 1870 – Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
    • 1872 – Yellowstone National Park is established as the world’s first national park.
    • 1873 – E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York begins production of the first practical typewriter.
    • 1881 – The first Minnesota State Capitol burns down.
    • 1886 – The Anglo-Chinese School, Singapore is founded by Bishop William Oldham.
    • 1893 – Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri.
    • 1896 – Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
    • 1896 – Henri Becquerel discovers radioactive decay.
    • 1901 – The Australian Army is formed.
    • 1910 – The deadliest avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.
    • 1914 – The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
    • 1917 – The Zimmermann Telegram is reprinted in newspapers across the United States after the U.S. government releases its unencrypted text.
    • 1919 – March 1st Movement begins in Korea under Japanese rule.
    • 1921 – The Australian cricket team captained by Warwick Armstrong becomes the first team to complete a whitewash of The Ashes, something that would not be repeated for 86 years.
    • 1921 – Following mass protests in Petrograd demanding greater freedom in the RSFSR, the Kronstadt rebellion began, with sailors and citizens taking up arms against the Bolsheviks.
    • 1932 – Charles Lindbergh’s son is kidnapped.
    • 1936 – The Hoover Dam is completed.
    • 1939 – An Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94.
    • 1941 – World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.
    • 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces land on Java, the main island of the Dutch East Indies, at Merak and Banten Bay (Banten), Eretan Wetan (Indramayu) and Kragan (Rembang).
    • 1946 – The Bank of England is nationalised.
    • 1947 – The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.
    • 1949 – Indonesian Army recaptures and occupies for six hours its capital city Yogyakarta from the Dutch.
    • 1950 – Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data.
    • 1953 – Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.
    • 1954 – Nuclear weapons testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
    • 1954 – Armed Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.
    • 1956 – The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.
    • 1956 – Formation of the East German Nationale Volksarmee.
    • 1958 – Samuel Alphonsus Stritch is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first U.S. member of the Roman Curia.
    • 1961 – United States President John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps.
    • 1961 – Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.
    • 1964 – Villarrica Volcano begins a strombolian eruption causing lahars that destroy half of the town of Coñaripe.
    • 1966 – Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet’s surface.
    • 1966 – The Ba’ath Party takes power in Syria.
    • 1971 – President of Pakistan Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
    • 1972 – The Thai province of Yasothon is created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani Province.
    • 1973 – Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.
    • 1974 – Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
    • 1981 – Provisional Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands begins his hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.
    • 1983 – First collection of twelve Swatch models was introduced in Zürich, Switzerland.
    • 1990 – Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
    • 1991 – Uprisings against Saddam Hussein begin in Iraq, leading to the death of more than 25,000 people mostly civilian.
    • 1992 – Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
    • 1998 – Titanic became the first film to gross over $1 billion worldwide.
    • 2002 – U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.
    • 2002 – The Envisat environmental satellite successfully launches aboard an Ariane 5 rocket to reach an orbit of 800 km (500 mi) above the Earth, which was the then-largest payload at 10.5 m long and with a diameter of 4.57 m.
    • 2003 – Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service move to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
    • 2003 – The International Criminal Court holds its inaugural session in The Hague.
    • 2005 – In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the execution of juveniles found guilty of murder is unconstitutional.
    • 2006 – English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.
    • 2007 – Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20 people, including eight at Enterprise High School.
    • 2008 – The Armenian police clash with peaceful opposition rally protesting against allegedly fraudulent presidential elections, as a result ten people are killed.
    • 2014 – Thirty-five people are killed and 143 injured in a mass stabbing at Kunming Railway Station in China.

    Births on March 1

    • 1105 – Alfonso VII, king of León and Castile (d. 1157)
    • 1261 – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester (d. 1326)
    • 1389 – Antoninus of Florence, Italian archbishop and saint (d. 1459)
    • 1432 – Isabella of Coimbra (d. 1455)
    • 1456 – Vladislaus II of Hungary (d. 1516)
    • 1547 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher and lexicographer (d. 1628)
    • 1554 – William Stafford, English courtier and conspirator (d. 1612)
    • 1577 – Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1635)
    • 1597 – Jean-Charles della Faille, Flemish priest and mathematician (d. 1652)
    • 1611 – John Pell, English mathematician and linguist (d. 1685)
    • 1629 – Abraham Teniers, Flemish painter (d. 1670)
    • 1647 – John de Brito, Portuguese Jesuit missionary and martyr (d. 1693)
    • 1657 – Samuel Werenfels, Swiss theologian and author (d. 1740)
    • 1683 – Tsangyang Gyatso, sixth Dalai Lama (d. 1706)
    • 1683 – Caroline of Ansbach, British queen and regent (d. 1737)
    • 1732 – William Cushing, American lawyer and judge (d. 1810)
    • 1760 – François Buzot, French lawyer and politician (d. 1794)
    • 1769 – François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, French general (d. 1796)
    • 1807 – Wilford Woodruff, American religious leader, 4th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1898)
    • 1810 – Frédéric Chopin, Polish pianist and composer (d. 1849)
    • 1812 – Augustus Pugin, English architect, co-designed the Palace of Westminster (d. 1852)
    • 1817 – Giovanni Duprè, Italian sculptor and educator (d. 1882)
    • 1821 – Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German bishop and academic (d. 1896)
    • 1835 – Philip Fysh, English-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1919)
    • 1837 – William Dean Howells, American novelist, playwright, and critic (d. 1920)
    • 1842 – Nikolaos Gyzis, Greek painter and academic (d. 1901)
    • 1848 – Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Irish-American sculptor and academic (d. 1907)
    • 1852 – Théophile Delcassé, French politician, French Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1923)
    • 1863 – Alexander Golovin, Russian painter and set designer (d. 1930)
    • 1870 – E. M. Antoniadi, Greek-French astronomer and academic (d. 1944)
    • 1876 – Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian businessman (d. 1942)
    • 1880 – Lytton Strachey, British writer and critic (d. 1932)
    • 1886 – Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian-Swiss painter, poet, and playwright (d. 1980)
    • 1888 – Ewart Astill, English cricketer and billiards player (d. 1948)
    • 1888 – Fanny Walden, English cricketer and umpire, international footballer, outside right (d. 1949)
    • 1889 – Tetsuro Watsuji, Japanese historian and philosopher (d. 1960)
    • 1890 – Theresa Bernstein, Polish-American painter and author (d. 2002)
    • 1891 – Ralph Hitz, Austrian-American hotelier (d. 1940)
    • 1892 – Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese author and educator (d. 1927)
    • 1893 – Mercedes de Acosta, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1968)
    • 1896 – Dimitri Mitropoulos, Greek pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1960)
    • 1896 – Moriz Seeler, German playwright and producer (d. 1942)
    • 1899 – Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, German SS officer (d. 1972)
    • 1904 – Paul Hartman, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1973)
    • 1904 – Glenn Miller, American trombonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1944)
    • 1905 – Doris Hare, Welsh-English actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2000)
    • 1906 – Phạm Văn Đồng, Vietnamese lieutenant and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Vietnam (d. 2000)
    • 1909 – Eugene Esmonde, English lieutenant and pilot (d. 1942)
    • 1909 – Winston Sharples, American pianist and composer (d. 1978)
    • 1910 – Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2002)
    • 1910 – David Niven, English soldier and actor (d. 1983)
    • 1912 – Gerald Emmett Carter, Canadian cardinal (d. 2003)
    • 1912 – Boris Chertok, Polish-Russian engineer and academic (d. 2011)
    • 1914 – Harry Caray, American sportscaster (d. 1998)
    • 1914 – Ralph Ellison, American novelist and literary critic (d. 1994)
    • 1917 – Robert Lowell, American poet (d. 1977)
    • 1918 – João Goulart, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 24th President of Brazil (d. 1976)
    • 1918 – Gladys Spellman, American educator and politician (d. 1988)
    • 1920 – Max Bentley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1984)
    • 1921 – Cameron Argetsinger, American race car driver and lawyer (d. 2008)
    • 1921 – Terence Cooke, American cardinal (d. 1983)
    • 1921 – Richard Wilbur, American poet, translator, and essayist (d. 2017)
    • 1922 – William Gaines, American publisher (d. 1992)
    • 1922 – Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli general and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Israel, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
    • 1924 – Arnold Drake, American author and screenwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1924 – Deke Slayton, American soldier, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1993)
    • 1926 – Robert Clary, French-American actor and author
    • 1926 – Cesare Danova, Italian-American actor (d. 1992)
    • 1926 – Pete Rozelle, American businessman and commissioner of the National Football League (d. 1996)
    • 1926 – Allan Stanley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – George O. Abell, American astronomer, professor at UCLA, science popularizer, and skeptic (d. 1983)
    • 1927 – Harry Belafonte, American singer-songwriter and actor
    • 1927 – Robert Bork, American lawyer and scholar, United States Attorney General (d. 2012)
    • 1928 – Jacques Rivette, French director, screenwriter, and critic (d. 2016)
    • 1929 – Georgi Markov, Bulgarian journalist and author (d. 1978)
    • 1930 – Gastone Nencini, Italian cyclist (d. 1980)
    • 1934 – Jean-Michel Folon, Belgian painter and sculptor (d. 2005)
    • 1934 – Joan Hackett, American actress (d. 1983)
    • 1935 – Robert Conrad, American actor, radio host and stuntman (d. 2020)
    • 1936 – Jean-Edern Hallier, French author (d. 1997)
    • 1939 – Leo Brouwer, Cuban guitarist, composer, and conductor
    • 1939 – Mustansar Hussain Tarar, Pakistani author
    • 1940 – Robin Gray, Australian politician, 37th Premier of Tasmania
    • 1940 – Robert Grossman, American painter, sculptor, and author (d. 2018)
    • 1941 – Robert Hass, American poet
    • 1942 – Richard Myers, American general
    • 1943 – Gil Amelio, American businessman
    • 1943 – José Ángel Iribar, Spanish footballer and manager
    • 1943 – Rashid Sunyaev, Russian-German astronomer and physicist
    • 1944 – Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of West Bengal
    • 1944 – John Breaux, American lawyer and politician
    • 1944 – Roger Daltrey, English singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
    • 1944 – Mike d’Abo, English singer
    • 1945 – Dirk Benedict, American actor and director
    • 1946 – Gerry Boulet, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
    • 1946 – Jim Crace, English author and academic
    • 1947 – Alan Thicke, Canadian-American actor and composer (d. 2016)
    • 1951 – Sergei Kourdakov, Russian-American KGB agent (d. 1973)
    • 1952 – Dave Barr, Canadian golfer
    • 1952 – Nevada Barr, American actress and author
    • 1952 – Leigh Matthews, Australian footballer, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1952 – Jerri Nielsen, American physician and explorer (d. 2009)
    • 1952 – Martin O’Neill, Northern Irish footballer and manager
    • 1953 – Sinan Çetin, Turkish actor, director, and producer
    • 1953 – Carlos Queiroz, Portuguese footballer and manager
    • 1954 – Catherine Bach, American actress
    • 1954 – Ron Howard, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1954 – Rod Reddy, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1956 – Tim Daly, American actor, director, and producer
    • 1956 – Dalia Grybauskaitė, Lithuanian politician, 6th President of Lithuania
    • 1958 – Nik Kershaw, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1958 – Wayne B. Phillips, Australian cricketer and coach
    • 1959 – Nick Griffin, English politician
    • 1961 – Mike Rozier, American football player
    • 1962 – Russell Coutts, New Zealand sailor
    • 1962 – Mark Gardner, American baseball player
    • 1962 – Bill Leen, American bass player and producer
    • 1963 – Bryan Batt, American actor and singer
    • 1963 – Maurice Benard, American actor
    • 1963 – Ron Francis, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
    • 1964 – Clinton Gregory, American singer-songwriter and fiddler
    • 1964 – Paul Le Guen, French footballer and manager
    • 1965 – Booker T, American wrestler and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey
    • 1966 – Paul Hollywood, English chef
    • 1966 – Zack Snyder, American director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1967 – George Eads, American actor
    • 1967 – Aron Winter, Suriname-Dutch footballer and manager
    • 1969 – Javier Bardem, Spanish actor and producer
    • 1970 – Jason V Brock, American author, filmmaker, artist, scholar and musician
    • 1971 – Thomas Adès, English pianist, composer, and conductor
    • 1971 – Ivan Cleary, Australian rugby league player and coach
    • 1973 – Jack Davenport, English actor
    • 1973 – Anton Gunn, American academic and politician
    • 1973 – Chris Webber, American basketball player and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Mark-Paul Gosselaar, American actor
    • 1976 – Travis Kvapil, American race car driver
    • 1977 – Rens Blom, Dutch pole vaulter
    • 1977 – Esther Cañadas, Spanish actress and model
    • 1978 – Jensen Ackles, American actor and director
    • 1979 – Mikkel Kessler, Danish boxer
    • 1979 – Bruno Langlois, Canadian cyclist
    • 1980 – Shahid Afridi, Pakistani cricketer
    • 1980 – Abhay K, Indian poet and diplomat
    • 1980 – Sercan Güvenışık, German-Turkish footballer
    • 1980 – Djimi Traoré, Malian footballer
    • 1981 – Will Power, Australian race car driver
    • 1982 – Juan Manuel Ortiz, Spanish footballer
    • 1983 – Daniel Carvalho, Brazilian footballer
    • 1983 – Lupita Nyong’o, Mexican-Kenyan actress
    • 1983 – Davey Richards, American wrestler
    • 1983 – Anthony Tupou, Australian rugby league player
    • 1984 – Naima Mora, American model and actress
    • 1984 – Alexander Steen, Canadian-Swedish ice hockey player
    • 1985 – Andreas Ottl, German footballer
    • 1986 – Big E, American wrestler
    • 1987 – Kesha, American singer-songwriter and actress
    • 1988 – Yang Hyeon-jong, South Korean baseball player
    • 1989 – Tenille Tayla, Australian professional wrestler
    • 1989 – Carlos Vela, Mexican footballer
    • 1992 – Tom Walsh, New Zealand athlete
    • 1993 – Nathan Brown, Australian rugby league player
    • 1993 – Michael Conforto, American baseball player
    • 1993 – Kurt Mann, Australian rugby league player
    • 1993 – Josh McEachran, English footballer
    • 1994 – Justin Bieber, Canadian singer-songwriter
    • 1994 – Tyreek Hill, American football player
    • 1996 – Lizzie Arnot, Scottish footballer
    • 1999 – Brogan Hay, Scottish footballer

    Deaths on March 1

    • 492 – Felix III, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 589 – David, Welsh bishop and saint
    • 965 – Leo VIII, pope of the Catholic Church
    • 977 – Rudesind, Galician bishop (b. 907)
    • 991 – En’yū, Japanese emperor (b. 959)
    • 1058 – Ermesinde of Carcassonne, countess and regent of Barcelona (b. 972)
    • 1131 – Stephen II, king of Hungary and Croatia (b. 1101)
    • 1233 – Thomas, count of Savoy (b. 1178)
    • 1244 – Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr, Welsh noble, son of Llywelyn the Great (b. 1200)
    • 1320 – Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan, Chinese emperor (b. 1286)
    • 1383 – Amadeus VI, count of Savoy (b. 1334)
    • 1510 – Francisco de Almeida, Portuguese soldier and explorer (b. 1450)
    • 1546 – George Wishart, Scottish minister and martyr (b. 1513)
    • 1620 – Thomas Campion, English poet and composer (b. 1567)
    • 1633 – George Herbert, English poet and orator (b. 1593)
    • 1643 – Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian pianist and composer (b. 1583)
    • 1661 – Richard Zouch, English judge and politician (b. 1590)
    • 1666 – Ecaterina Cercheza, princess consort of Moldavia (b. 1620)
    • 1697 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician and poet (b. 1626)
    • 1734 – Roger North, English lawyer and author (b. 1653)
    • 1768 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and author (b. 1694)
    • 1773 – Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect, designed the Palace of Caserta (b. 1700)
    • 1792 – Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1747)
    • 1792 – Angelo Emo, Venetian admiral and statesman (b. 1731)1841 – Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (b. 1764)
    • 1862 – Peter Barlow, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
    • 1875 – Tristan Corbière, French poet and educator (b. 1845)
    • 1882 – Theodor Kullak, German pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1818)
    • 1884 – Isaac Todhunter, English mathematician and academic (b. 1820)
    • 1906 – José María de Pereda, Spanish author (b. 1833)
    • 1911 – Jacobus Henricus van ‘t Hoff, Dutch-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1852)
    • 1914 – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, English soldier and politician, 8th Governor General of Canada (b. 1845)
    • 1920 – John H. Bankhead, American lawyer and politician (b. 1842)
    • 1922 – Pichichi, Spanish footballer (b. 1892)
    • 1932 – Frank Teschemacher, American Jazz musician (b. 1906)
    • 1936 – Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian author and poet (b. 1871)
    • 1938 – Gabriele D’Annunzio, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1863)
    • 1940 – Anton Hansen Tammsaare, Estonian author (b. 1878)
    • 1942 – George S. Rentz, American commander (b. 1882)
    • 1943 – Alexandre Yersin, Swiss-French physician and bacteriologist (b. 1863)
    • 1952 – Mariano Azuela, Mexican physician and author (b. 1873)
    • 1966 – Fritz Houtermans, Polish-German physicist and academic (b. 1903)
    • 1974 – Bobby Timmons, American pianist and composer (b. 1935)
    • 1976 – Jean Martinon, French conductor and composer (b. 1910)
    • 1978 – Paul Scott, English author, poet, and playwright (b. 1920)
    • 1979 – Mustafa Barzani, Iraqi-Kurdistan politician (b. 1903)
    • 1980 – Wilhelmina Cooper, Dutch-American model and businesswoman, founded Wilhelmina Models (b. 1940)
    • 1980 – Dixie Dean, English footballer (b. 1907)
    • 1983 – Arthur Koestler, Hungarian-English journalist and author (b. 1905)
    • 1984 – Jackie Coogan, American actor (b. 1914)
    • 1988 – Joe Besser, American comedian and actor (b. 1907)
    • 1989 – Vasantdada Patil, Indian politician, 5th Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1917)
    • 1991 – Edwin H. Land, American scientist and businessman, co-founded the Polaroid Corporation (b. 1909)
    • 1995 – César Rodríguez Álvarez, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1920)
    • 1995 – Georges J. F. Köhler, German biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1946)
    • 1998 – Archie Goodwin, American author and illustrator (b. 1937)
    • 2004 – Mian Ghulam Jilani, Pakistani general (b. 1914)
    • 2006 – Peter Osgood, English footballer (b. 1947)
    • 2006 – Jack Wild, English actor (b.1952)
    • 2010 – Kristian Digby, English television host and director (b. 1977)
    • 2012 – Andrew Breitbart, American journalist and publisher (b. 1969)
    • 2012 – Germano Mosconi, Italian journalist (b. 1932)
    • 2013 – Bonnie Franklin, American actress, dancer, and singer (b. 1944)
    • 2014 – Alain Resnais, French director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
    • 2015 – Minnie Miñoso, Cuban-American baseball player and coach (b. 1922)
    • 2018 – María Rubio, Mexican television, film and stage actress (b. 1934)
    • 2019 – Mike Willesee, Australian journalist and producer (b. 1942)

    Holidays and observances on March 1

    • Beer Day, marked the end of beer prohibition in 1989 (Iceland)
    • Christian feast day:
      • Agnes Tsao Kou Ying (one of the Martyr Saints of China)
      • Albin
      • David
      • Eudokia of Heliopolis
      • Pope Felix III
      • Leoluca
      • Luperculus
      • Monan
      • Rudesind
      • Suitbert
      • March 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Commemoration of Mustafa Barzani’s Death (Iraqi Kurdistan)
    • Earliest day on which Casimir Pulaski Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in March. (Illinois)
    • Earliest day on which Children’s Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Sunday in March. (New Zealand)
    • Earliest day on which Grandmother’s Day can fall, while March 7 is the latest; celebrated on the first Monday in March. (France)
    • Earliest day on which Laetare Sunday can fall, while April 4 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Sunday of Lent. (Western Christianity), and its related observances:
      • Carnaval de la Laetare (Stavelot)
      • Mothering Sunday (United Kingdom)
    • Heroes’ Day (Paraguay)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.
    • National “Cursed Soldiers” Remembrance Day (Poland)
    • National Pig Day (United States)
    • Remembrance Day (Marshall Islands)
    • Saint David’s Day or Dydd Gŵyl Dewi Sant (Wales and Welsh communities)
    • Samiljeol (South Korea)
    • Self-injury Awareness Day
    • Southeastern Europe celebration of the beginning of spring:
      • Baba Marta Day (Bulgaria)
      • Mărțișor (Romania and Moldova)
    • The final day (fourth or fifth) of Ayyám-i-Há (Bahá’í Faith)
    • World Civil Defence Day
    • Yap Day (Yap State)
    • Zero Discrimination Day
  • February 24 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    For superstitious reasons, when the Romans began to intercalate to bring their calendar into line with the solar year, they chose not to place their extra month of Mercedonius after February but within it. February 24 — known in the Roman calendar as “the sixth day before the Kalends of March” — was replaced by the first day of this month since it followed Terminalia, the festival of the Roman god of boundaries. After the end of Mercedonius, the rest of the days of February were observed and the new year began with the first day of March. The overlaid religious festivals of February were so complicated that Julius Caesar opted not to change it at all during his 46 bc calendar reform. The extra day of his system’s leap years was located in the same place as the old intercalary month but he opted to ignore it as a date. Instead, the sixth day before the Kalends of March was simply said to last for 48 hours and all the other days continued to bear their original names. (The Roman practice of inclusive counting initially caused the priests in charge of the calendar to add the extra hours every three years instead of every four and Augustus was obliged to omit them for a span of decades until the system was back to where it should have been.) When the extra hours finally began to be reckoned as two separate days instead of a doubled sixth (“bissextile”) one, the leap day was still taken to be the one following hard on the February 23 Terminalia. Although February 29 has been popularly understood as the leap day of leap years since the beginning of sequential reckoning of the days of months in the late Middle Ages, in Britain and most other countries, no formal replacement of February 24 as the leap day of the Julian and Gregorian calendars has occurred. The exceptions include Sweden and Finland, who enacted legislation to move the day to February 29. This custom still has some effect around the world, for example with respect to name days in Hungary.

    February 24 in History

    • 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene bishops with Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica.
    • 1303 – Battle of Roslin, of the First War of Scottish Independence.
    • 1386 – King Charles III of Naples and Hungary is assassinated at Buda.
    • 1525 – A Spanish-Austrian army defeats a French army at the Battle of Pavia.
    • 1538 – Treaty of Nagyvárad between Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I and King John Zápolya of Hungary and Croatia.
    • 1582 – With the papal bull Inter gravissimas, Pope Gregory XIII announces the Gregorian calendar.
    • 1607 – L’Orfeo by Claudio Monteverdi, one of the first works recognized as an opera, receives its première performance.
    • 1711 – The London première of Rinaldo by George Frideric Handel, the first Italian opera written for the London stage.
    • 1739 – Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.
    • 1803 – In Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review.
    • 1809 – London’s Drury Lane Theatre burns to the ground, leaving owner Richard Brinsley Sheridan destitute.
    • 1821 – Final stage of the Mexican War of Independence from Spain with Plan of Iguala.
    • 1822 – The first Swaminarayan temple in the world, Shri Swaminarayan Mandir, Ahmedabad, is inaugurated.
    • 1826 – The signing of the Treaty of Yandabo marks the end of the First Anglo-Burmese War.
    • 1831 – The Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, the first removal treaty in accordance with the Indian Removal Act, is proclaimed. The Choctaws in Mississippi cede land east of the river in exchange for payment and land in the West.
    • 1848 – King Louis-Philippe of France abdicates the throne.
    • 1854 – A Penny Red with perforations was the first perforated postage stamp to be officially issued for distribution.
    • 1863 – Arizona is organized as a United States territory.
    • 1868 – Andrew Johnson becomes the first President of the United States to be impeached by the United States House of Representatives. He is later acquitted in the Senate.
    • 1875 – The SS Gothenburg hits the Great Barrier Reef and sinks off the Australian east coast, killing approximately 100, including a number of high-profile civil servants and dignitaries.
    • 1881 – China and Russia sign the Sino-Russian Ili Treaty.
    • 1895 – Revolution breaks out in Baire, a town near Santiago de Cuba, beginning the Cuban War of Independence, that ends with the Spanish–American War in 1898.
    • 1916 – The Governor-General of Korea establishes a clinic called Jahyewon in Sorokdo to segregate Hansen’s disease patients.
    • 1917 – World War I: The U.S. ambassador Walter Hines Page to the United Kingdom is given the Zimmermann Telegram, in which Germany pledges to ensure the return of New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona to Mexico if Mexico declares war on the United States.
    • 1918 – Estonian Declaration of Independence.
    • 1920 – Nancy Astor becomes the first woman to speak in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom following her election as a Member of Parliament (MP) three months earlier.
    • 1920 – The Nazi Party (NSDAP) was founded by Adolf Hitler in the Hofbräuhaus beer hall in Munich, Germany
    • 1942 – The Battle of Los Angeles: A false alarm led to an anti-aircraft barrage that lasted into the early hours of February 25.
    • 1942 – An order-in-council passed under the Defence of Canada Regulations of the War Measures Act gives the Canadian federal government the power to intern all “persons of Japanese racial origin”.
    • 1944 – Merrill’s Marauders: The Marauders begin their 1,000-mile journey through Japanese-occupied Burma.
    • 1945 – Egyptian Premier Ahmad Mahir Pasha is killed in Parliament after reading a decree.
    • 1946 – Colonel Juan Perón, founder of the political movement that became known as Peronism, is elected to his first term as President of Argentina.
    • 1949 – The Armistice Agreements are signed, to formally end the hostilities of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
    • 1968 – Vietnam War: The Tet Offensive is halted; South Vietnam recaptures Hué.
    • 1971 – The All India Forward Bloc holds an emergency central committee meeting after its chairman, Hemantha Kumar Bose, is killed three days earlier. P.K. Mookiah Thevar is appointed as the new chairman.
    • 1976 – The current constitution of Cuba is formally proclaimed.
    • 1978 – The Yuba County Five disappear in California. Four of their bodies are found four months later.
    • 1980 – The United States Olympic hockey team completes its Miracle on Ice by defeating Finland 4–2 to win the gold medal.
    • 1981 – The 6.7 Ms Gulf of Corinth earthquake affected Central Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe). Twenty-two people were killed, 400 were injured, and damage totaled $812 million.
    • 1983 – A special commission of the United States Congress condemns the Japanese American internment during World War II.
    • 1984 – Tyrone Mitchell perpetrates the 49th Street Elementary School shooting in Los Angeles, killing two children and injuring 12 more.
    • 1989 – United Airlines Flight 811, bound for New Zealand from Honolulu, rips open during flight, blowing nine passengers out of the business-class section.
    • 1991 – Gulf War: Ground troops cross the Saudi Arabian border and enter Iraq, thus beginning the ground phase of the war.
    • 1996 – Two civilian airplanes operated by the Miami-based group Brothers to the Rescue are shot down in international waters by the Cuban Air Force.
    • 1999 – China Southwest Airlines Flight 4509, a Tupolev Tu-154 aircraft, crashes on approach to Wenzhou Longwan International Airport in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. All 61 people on board are killed.
    • 2004 – The 6.3 Mw Al Hoceima earthquake strikes northern Morocco with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). At least 628 people are killed, 926 are injured, and up to 15,000 are displaced.
    • 2006 – Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo declares Proclamation 1017 placing the country in a state of emergency in attempt to subdue a possible military coup.
    • 2007 – Japan launches its fourth spy satellite, stepping up its ability to monitor potential threats such as North Korea.
    • 2008 – Fidel Castro retires as the President of Cuba and the Council of Ministers after 32 years. He remains as head of the Communist Party for another three years.
    • 2015 – A Metrolink train derails in Oxnard, California following a collision with a truck, leaving more than 30 injured.
    • 2016 – Tara Air Flight 193, a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft, crashed, with 23 fatalities, in Solighopte, Myagdi District, Dhaulagiri Zone, while en route from Pokhara Airport to Jomsom Airport.

    Births on February 24

    • 1103 – Emperor Toba of Japan (d. 1156)
    • 1304 – Ibn Battuta, Moroccan jurist
    • 1413 – Louis, Duke of Savoy (d. 1465)
    • 1463 – Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Italian philosopher (d. 1494)
    • 1494 – Johan Friis, Danish statesman (d. 1570)
    • 1500 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1558)
    • 1536 – Pope Clement VIII (d. 1605)
    • 1545 – John of Austria (d. 1578)
    • 1553 – Cherubino Alberti, Italian engraver and painter (d. 1615)
    • 1557 – Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1619)
    • 1593 – Henry de Vere, 18th Earl of Oxford, English soldier and courtier (d. 1625)
    • 1595 – Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski, Polish author and poet (d. 1640)
    • 1604 – Arcangela Tarabotti, Venetian nun and feminist (d. 1652)
    • 1619 – Charles Le Brun, French painter and theorist (d. 1690)
    • 1622 – Johannes Clauberg, German theologian and philosopher (d. 1665)
    • 1709 – Jacques de Vaucanson, French engineer (d. 1782)
    • 1721 – John McKinly, Irish-American physician and politician, 1st Governor of Delaware (d. 1796)
    • 1723 – John Burgoyne, English general and politician (d. 1792)
    • 1736 – Charles Alexander, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (d. 1806)
    • 1743 – Joseph Banks, English botanist and explorer (d. 1820)
    • 1762 – Charles Frederick Horn, German-English composer and educator (d. 1830)
    • 1767 – Rama II of Siam (d. 1824)
    • 1774 – Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (d. 1850)
    • 1786 – Martin W. Bates, American lawyer and politician (d. 1869)
    • 1786 – Wilhelm Grimm, German anthropologist, author, and academic (d. 1859)
    • 1788 – Johan Christian Dahl, Norwegian-German painter (d. 1857)
    • 1827 – Lydia Becker, English-French activist (d. 1890)
    • 1831 – Leo von Caprivi, German general and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1899)
    • 1835 – Julius Vogel, English-New Zealand journalist and politician, 8th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1899)
    • 1836 – Winslow Homer, American painter and illustrator (d. 1910)
    • 1837 – Rosalía de Castro, Spanish poet (d. 1885)
    • 1842 – Arrigo Boito, Italian journalist, author, and composer (d. 1918)
    • 1848 – Andrew Inglis Clark, Australian engineer, lawyer, and politician (d. 1907)
    • 1852 – George Moore, Irish author, poet, and playwright (d. 1933)
    • 1868 – Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild, French financier and polo player (d. 1949)
    • 1869 – Zara DuPont, American suffragist (d. 1946)
    • 1874 – Honus Wagner, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1955)
    • 1877 – Rudolph Ganz, Swiss pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1972)
    • 1877 – Ettie Rout, Australian-New Zealand educator and activist (d. 1936)
    • 1885 – Chester W. Nimitz, American admiral (d. 1966)
    • 1885 – Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, Polish author, poet, and painter (d. 1939)
    • 1890 – Marjorie Main, American actress (d. 1975)
    • 1896 – Richard Thorpe, American director and screenwriter (d. 1991)
    • 1898 – Kurt Tank, German pilot and engineer (d. 1983)
    • 1900 – Irmgard Bartenieff, German-American dancer and physical therapist, leading pioneer of dance therapy (d. 1981)
    • 1903 – Vladimir Bartol, Italian-Slovene author and playwright (d. 1967)
    • 1908 – Telford Taylor, American general, lawyer, and historian (d. 1998)
    • 1909 – August Derleth, American anthologist and author (d. 1971)
    • 1914 – Ralph Erskine, English-Swedish architect, designed The Ark and Byker Wall (d. 2005)
    • 1914 – Weldon Kees, American author, poet, painter, and pianist (d. 1955)
    • 1915 – Jim Ferrier, Australian golfer (d. 1986)
    • 1919 – John Carl Warnecke, American architect (d. 2010)
    • 1921 – Abe Vigoda, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1922 – Richard Hamilton, English painter and academic (d. 2011)
    • 1922 – Steven Hill, American actor (d. 2016)
    • 1924 – Hal Herring, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
    • 1924 – Erik Nielsen, Canadian lawyer and politician, 3rd Deputy Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2008)
    • 1925 – Bud Day, American colonel and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2013)
    • 1927 – Emmanuelle Riva, French actress (d. 2017)
    • 1929 – Kintaro Ohki, South Korean wrestler (d. 2006)
    • 1930 – Barbara Lawrence, American model and actress (d. 2013)
    • 1931 – Dominic Chianese, American actor and singer
    • 1931 – Brian Close, English cricketer and coach (d. 2015)
    • 1932 – Michel Legrand, French pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2019)
    • 1932 – Zell Miller, American sergeant and politician, 79th Governor of Georgia (d. 2018)
    • 1932 – John Vernon, Canadian-American actor (d. 2005)
    • 1933 – Judah Folkman, American physician and biologist (d. 2008)
    • 1933 – Ali Mazrui, Kenyan-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (d. 2014)
    • 1933 – David “Fathead” Newman, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2009)
    • 1934 – Bettino Craxi, Italian lawyer and politician, 45th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2000)
    • 1934 – Johnny Hills, English footballer, full-back
    • 1934 – Renata Scotto, Italian soprano
    • 1935 – Ryhor Baradulin, Belarusian poet, essayist, and translator (d. 2014)
    • 1936 – Guillermo O’Donnell, Argentine political scientist (d. 2011)
    • 1938 – James Farentino, American actor (d. 2012)
    • 1938 – Phil Knight, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Nike, Inc.
    • 1939 – Jamal Nazrul Islam, Bangladeshi physicist and cosmologist (d. 2013)
    • 1940 – Pete Duel, American actor (d. 1971)
    • 1940 – Jimmy Ellis, American boxer (d. 2014)
    • 1940 – Denis Law, Scottish footballer and sportscaster
    • 1941 – Joanie Sommers, American singer and actress
    • 1942 – Colin Bond, Australian race car driver
    • 1942 – Paul Jones, English singer, harmonica player, and actor
    • 1942 – Joe Lieberman, American lawyer and politician
    • 1942 – Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Indian philosopher, theorist, and academic
    • 1943 – Kent Haruf, American novelist (d. 2014)
    • 1943 – Gigi Meroni, Italian footballer (d. 1967)
    • 1943 – Pablo Milanés, Cuban singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1943 – Terry Semel, American businessman
    • 1944 – Nicky Hopkins, English keyboard player (d. 1994)
    • 1944 – Ivica Račan, Croatian lawyer and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Croatia (d. 2007)
    • 1945 – Barry Bostwick, American actor and singer
    • 1946 – Grigory Margulis, Russian mathematician and academic
    • 1947 – Mike Fratello, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
    • 1947 – Rupert Holmes, English-American singer-songwriter and playwright
    • 1947 – Edward James Olmos, American actor and director
    • 1948 – Jayalalithaa, Indian actress and politician, 16th Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (d. 2016)
    • 1948 – Walter Smith, Scottish footballer and manager
    • 1948 – Tim Staffell, English singer and guitarist
    • 1948 – Dennis Waterman, English actor
    • 1950 – Steve McCurry, American photographer and journalist
    • 1951 – David Ford, Northern Irish social worker and politician
    • 1951 – Derek Randall, English cricketer
    • 1951 – Debra Jo Rupp, American actress
    • 1951 – Helen Shaver, Canadian actress and director
    • 1951 – Laimdota Straujuma, Latvian economist and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Latvia
    • 1953 – Anatoli Kozhemyakin, Soviet footballer (d. 1974)
    • 1954 – Plastic Bertrand, Belgian singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1954 – Judith Ortiz Cofer, Puerto Rican American award-winning author (d. 2016)
    • 1954 – Aurora Levins Morales, Puerto Rican Jewish writer and activist
    • 1954 – Sid Meier, Canadian-American game designer and programmer, created the Civilization series
    • 1954 – Mike Pickering, English DJ and saxophonist
    • 1955 – Steve Jobs, American businessman, co-founded Apple Inc. and Pixar (d. 2011)
    • 1955 – Eddie Johnson, American basketball player
    • 1955 – Alain Prost, French race car driver
    • 1956 – Judith Butler, American philosopher, theorist, and author
    • 1956 – Eddie Murray, American baseball player and coach
    • 1956 – Paula Zahn, American journalist and producer
    • 1958 – Sammy Kershaw, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1958 – Mark Moses, American actor
    • 1959 – Beth Broderick, American actress and director
    • 1959 – Mike Whitney, Australian cricketer and television host
    • 1963 – Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro
    • 1963 – Mike Vernon, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1963 – Sanjay Leela Bhansali, Gujarati family, most versatile filmmaker of Hindi cinema.
    • 1964 – Russell Ingall, British-Australian race car driver and sportscaster
    • 1965 – Paul Gruber, American football player
    • 1965 – Jane Swift, American businesswoman and politician, Governor of Massachusetts
    • 1966 – Billy Zane, American actor and producer
    • 1967 – Brian Schmidt, Australian astrophysicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1968 – Mitch Hedberg, American comedian and actor (d. 2005)
    • 1969 – Kim Seung-woo, South Korean actor
    • 1970 – Jeff Garcia, American football player and coach
    • 1970 – Neil Sullivan, English born Scottish international footballer, goalkeeper and coach
    • 1970 – Jonathan Ward, American actor
    • 1971 – Josh Bernstein, American anthropologist, explorer, and author
    • 1971 – Pedro de la Rosa, Spanish race car driver
    • 1971 – Brian Savage, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1972 – Teodor Currentzis, Greek conductor and composer
    • 1972 – Manon Rhéaume, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
    • 1973 – Stubby Clapp, Canadian baseball player and coach
    • 1973 – Chris Fehn, American drummer
    • 1973 – Alexei Kovalev, Russian ice hockey player and pilot
    • 1974 – Chad Hugo, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
    • 1974 – Mike Lowell, American baseball player and sportscaster
    • 1974 – Bonnie Somerville, American actress
    • 1975 – Ashley MacIsaac, Canadian singer-songwriter and fiddler
    • 1976 – Crista Flanagan, American actress and screenwriter
    • 1976 – Zach Johnson, American golfer
    • 1976 – Bradley McGee, Australian cyclist and coach
    • 1976 – Matt Skiba, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1976 – Marco Campos, Brazilian Formula 3000 race car driver (d. 1995)
    • 1977 – Jason Akermanis, Australian footballer and coach
    • 1977 – Bronson Arroyo, American baseball player and singer
    • 1977 – Floyd Mayweather, Jr., American boxer
    • 1978 – Gary, South Korean rapper and producer
    • 1978 – Shinya, Japanese drummer and songwriter
    • 1978 – John Nolan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1978 – DeWayne Wise, American baseball player
    • 1978 – Leon Constantine, English footballer
    • 1980 – Shinsuke Nakamura, Japanese wrestler and mixed martial artist
    • 1981 – Felipe Baloy, Panamanian footballer
    • 1981 – Lleyton Hewitt, Australian tennis player
    • 1981 – Mauro Rosales, Argentinian footballer
    • 1981 – Mohammad Sami, Pakistani cricketer
    • 1982 – Nick Blackburn, American baseball player
    • 1982 – Emanuel Villa, Argentinian footballer
    • 1982 – Klára Koukalová, Czech tennis player
    • 1982 – Fala Chen, Chinese actress and singer
    • 1984 – Corey Graves, American wrestler and sportscaster
    • 1985 – Nakash Aziz, Indian playback singer and music composer
    • 1987 – Kim Kyu-jong, South Korean singer, dancer, and actor
    • 1988 – Mathieu Baudry, French footballer
    • 1989 – Trace Cyrus, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1991 – Madison Hubbell, American ice dancer
    • 1991 – Semih Kaya, Turkish footballer
    • 1996 – Royce Freeman, American football player

    Deaths on February 24

    • 616 – Æthelberht of Kent (b. 560)
    • 951 – Liu Yun, Chinese governor (jiedushi)
    • 1018 – Borrell, bishop of Vic
    • 1114 – Thomas, archbishop of York
    • 1386 – Charles III of Naples (b. 1345)
    • 1496 – Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1445)
    • 1525 – Jacques de La Palice, French nobleman and military officer (b. 1470)
    • 1525 – Guillaume Gouffier, seigneur de Bonnivet, French soldier (b. c. 1488)
    • 1525 – Richard de la Pole, last Yorkist claimant to the English throne (b. 1480)
    • 1563 – Francis, Duke of Guise (b. 1519)
    • 1580 – Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (b. 1511)
    • 1588 – Johann Weyer, Dutch physician and occultist (b. 1515)
    • 1666 – Nicholas Lanier, English composer and painter (b. 1588)
    • 1685 – Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Cumberland (b. 1629)
    • 1704 – Marc-Antoine Charpentier, French composer (b. 1643)
    • 1714 – Edmund Andros, English courtier and politician, 4th Colonial Governor of New York (b. 1637)
    • 1721 – John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, English poet and politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1648)
    • 1732 – Francis Charteris, Scottish soldier (b. 1675)
    • 1777 – Joseph I of Portugal (b. 1714)
    • 1785 – Carlo Buonaparte, Corsican lawyer and politician (b. 1746)
    • 1799 – Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, German physicist and academic (b. 1742)
    • 1810 – Henry Cavendish, French-English physicist and chemist (b. 1731)
    • 1812 – Étienne-Louis Malus, French physicist and mathematician (b. 1775)
    • 1815 – Robert Fulton, American engineer (b. 1765)
    • 1825 – Thomas Bowdler, English physician and philanthropist (b. 1754)
    • 1856 – Nikolai Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1792)
    • 1876 – Joseph Jenkins Roberts, American-Liberian politician, 1st President of Liberia (b. 1809)
    • 1879 – Shiranui Kōemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 11th Yokozuna (b. 1825)
    • 1910 – Osman Hamdi Bey, Greek archaeologist and painter (b. 1842)
    • 1914 – Joshua Chamberlain, American general and politician, 32nd Governor of Maine (b. 1828)
    • 1925 – Hjalmar Branting, Swedish journalist and politician, 16th Prime Minister of Sweden, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1860)
    • 1927 – Edward Marshall Hall, English lawyer and politician (b. 1858)
    • 1929 – André Messager, French pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1853)
    • 1930 – Hermann von Ihering, German-Brazilian zoologist (b. 1850)
    • 1953 – Robert La Follette Jr., American politician, senator of Wisconsin (b. 1895)
    • 1953 – Gerd von Rundstedt, German field marshal (b. 1875)
    • 1967 – Mir Osman Ali Khan, Last Nizam of Hyderabad State (b. 1886)
    • 1970 – Conrad Nagel, American actor (b. 1897)
    • 1974 – Margaret Leech, American historian and author (b. 1895)
    • 1975 – Hans Bellmer, German artist (b. 1902)
    • 1975 – Nikolai Bulganin, Russian marshal and politician, 6th Premier of the Soviet Union (b. 1895)
    • 1978 – Alma Thomas, American painter and educator (b.1891)
    • 1982 – Virginia Bruce, American actress (b. 1910)
    • 1986 – Rukmini Devi Arundale, Indian Bharatnatyam dancer (b. 1904)
    • 1986 – Tommy Douglas, Scottish-Canadian minister and politician, 7th Premier of Saskatchewan (b. 1904)
    • 1990 – Tony Conigliaro, American baseball player (b. 1945)
    • 1990 – Malcolm Forbes, American sergeant and publisher (b. 1917)
    • 1990 – Sandro Pertini, Italian journalist and politician, 7th President of Italy (b. 1896)
    • 1990 – Johnnie Ray, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1927)
    • 1991 – John Daly, American journalist and game show host (b. 1914)
    • 1991 – George Gobel, American actor (b. 1919)
    • 1991 – Webb Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1921)
    • 1993 – Danny Gallivan, Canadian sportscaster (b. 1917)
    • 1993 – Bobby Moore, English footballer and manager (b. 1941)
    • 1994 – Jean Sablon, French singer and actor (b. 1906)
    • 1994 – Dinah Shore, American actress and singer (b. 1916)
    • 1998 – Antonio Prohías, Cuban-American cartoonist (b. 1921)
    • 1998 – Henny Youngman, English-American comedian and violinist (b. 1906)
    • 1999 – Andre Dubus, American short story writer, essayist, and memoirist (b. 1936)
    • 2001 – Theodore Marier, American composer and educator, founded the Boston Archdiocesan Choir School (b. 1912)
    • 2001 – Claude Shannon, American mathematician, cryptographer, and engineer (b. 1916)
    • 2002 – Leo Ornstein, Ukrainian-American pianist and composer (b. 1893)
    • 2004 – John Randolph, American actor (b. 1915)
    • 2005 – Coşkun Kırca, Turkish diplomat, journalist and politician (b. 1927)
    • 2006 – Octavia E. Butler, American author and educator (b. 1947)
    • 2006 – Don Knotts, American actor and comedian (b. 1924)
    • 2006 – John Martin, Canadian broadcaster, co-founded MuchMusic (b. 1947)
    • 2006 – Dennis Weaver, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1924)
    • 2007 – Bruce Bennett, American shot putter and actor (b. 1906)
    • 2007 – Damien Nash, American football player (b. 1982)
    • 2008 – Larry Norman, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
    • 2010 – Dawn Brancheau, senior animal trainer at SeaWorld (b. 1969)
    • 2011 – Anant Pai, Indian author and illustrator (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Agnes Allen, American baseball player and therapist (b. 1930)
    • 2012 – Oliver Wrong, English nephrologist and academic (b. 1925)
    • 2013 – Virgil Johnson, American singer (b. 1935)
    • 2013 – Con Martin, Irish footballer and manager (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Franny Beecher, American guitarist (b. 1921)
    • 2014 – Alexis Hunter, New Zealand-English painter and photographer (b. 1948)
    • 2014 – Carlos Páez Vilaró, Uruguayan painter and sculptor (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Harold Ramis, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1944)
    • 2015 – Mefodiy, Ukrainian metropolitan (b. 1949)
    • 2015 – Rakhat Aliyev, Kazakh politician and diplomat (b. 1962)
    • 2016 – Peter Kenilorea, Solomon Islands politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (b. 1943)
    • 2016 – Nabil Maleh, Syrian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
    • 2016 – George C. Nichopoulos, American soldier and physician (b. 1927)
    • 2018 – Sridevi, Indian actress (b. 1963)
    • 2020 – Katherine Johnson, American physicist and mathematician (b. 1918)

    Holidays and observances on February 24

    • Christian feast day:
      • Blessed Ascensión Nicol y Goñi
      • Lindel Tsen and Paul Sasaki (Anglican Church of Canada)
      • Modest (bishop of Trier)
      • Sergius of Cappadocia
      • February 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • Dragobete (Romania)
    • Engineer’s Day (Iran)
    • Flag Day in Mexico
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Estonia from the Russian Empire in 1918; the Soviet period is considered to have been an illegal annexation.
    • National Artist Day (Thailand)
  • February 7 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    February 7 in History

    • 457 – Leo I the Thracian becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
    • 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II.
    • 1301 – Edward of Caernarvon (later king Edward II of England) becomes the first English Prince of Wales.
    • 1313 – King Thihathu founds the Pinya Kingdom as the de jure successor state of the Pagan Kingdom
    • 1497 – In Florence, Italy, supporters of Girolamo Savonarola burn cosmetics, art, and books, in a “Bonfire of the vanities”.
    • 1783 – American Revolutionary War: French and Spanish forces lift the Great Siege of Gibraltar.
    • 1795 – The 11th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified.
    • 1807 – Napoleonic Wars: Napoleon finds Bennigsen’s Russian forces taking a stand at Eylau. After bitter fighting, the French take the town, but the Russians resume the battle the next day.
    • 1812 – The strongest in a series of earthquakes strikes New Madrid, Missouri.
    • 1813 – In the action of 7 February 1813 near the Îles de Los, the frigates Aréthuse and Amelia batter each other, but neither can gain the upper hand.
    • 1819 – Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles leaves Singapore after just taking it over, leaving it in the hands of William Farquhar.
    • 1842 – Battle of Debre Tabor: Ras Ali Alula, Regent of the Emperor of Ethiopia defeats warlord Wube Haile Maryam of Semien.
    • 1854 – A law is approved to found the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Lectures started October 16, 1855.
    • 1863 – HMS Orpheus sinks off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, killing 189.
    • 1894 – The Cripple Creek miner’s strike, led by the Western Federation of Miners, begins in Cripple Creek, Colorado, United States.
    • 1898 – Dreyfus affair: Émile Zola is brought to trial for libel for publishing J’Accuse…!.
    • 1900 – Second Boer War: British troops fail in their third attempt to lift the Siege of Ladysmith.
    • 1900 – A Chinese immigrant in San Francisco falls ill to bubonic plague in the first plague epidemic in the continental United States.
    • 1904 – A fire begins in Baltimore, Maryland; it destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours.
    • 1940 – The second full-length animated Walt Disney film, Pinocchio, premieres.
    • 1943 – World War II: Imperial Japanese Navy forces complete the evacuation of Imperial Japanese Army troops from Guadalcanal during Operation Ke, ending Japanese attempts to retake the island from Allied forces in the Guadalcanal Campaign.
    • 1944 – World War II: In Anzio, Italy, German forces launch a counteroffensive during the Allied Operation Shingle.
    • 1951 – Korean War: More than 700 suspected communist sympathizers are massacred by South Korean forces.
    • 1962 – The United States bans all Cuban imports and exports.
    • 1974 – Grenada gains independence from the United Kingdom.
    • 1979 – Pluto moves inside Neptune’s orbit for the first time since either was discovered.
    • 1984 – Space Shuttle program: STS-41-B Mission: Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the first untethered space walk using the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU).
    • 1986 – Twenty-eight years of one-family rule end in Haiti, when President Jean-Claude Duvalier flees the Caribbean nation.
    • 1990 – Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party agrees to give up its monopoly on power.
    • 1991 – Haiti’s first democratically elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, is sworn in.
    • 1991 – The Troubles: The Provisional IRA launched a mortar attack on 10 Downing Street in London, the headquarters of the British government.
    • 1992 – The Maastricht Treaty is signed, leading to the creation of the European Union.
    • 1995 – Ramzi Yousef, the mastermind of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, is arrested in Islamabad, Pakistan.
    • 1997 – NeXT merges with Apple Computer, starting the path to Mac OS X.
    • 1999 – Crown Prince Abdullah becomes the King of Jordan on the death of his father, King Hussein.
    • 2009 – Bushfires in Victoria leave 173 dead in the worst natural disaster in Australia’s history.
    • 2012 – President Mohamed Nasheed of the Republic of Maldives resigns, after 23 days of anti-governmental protests calling for the release of Chief Judge unlawfully arrested by the military.
    • 2013 – The U.S. state of Mississippi officially certifies the Thirteenth Amendment, becoming the last state to approve the abolition of slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment was formally ratified by Mississippi in 1995.
    • 2014 – Scientists announce that the Happisburgh footprints in Norfolk, England, date back to more than 800,000 years ago, making them the oldest known hominid footprints outside Africa.
    • 2016 – North Korea launches Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 into outer space violating multiple UN treaties and prompting condemnation from around the world.

    Births on February 7

    • 574 – Prince Shōtoku of Japan (d. 622)
    • 1102 – Empress Matilda, Holy Roman Empress, and claimant to the English throne (probable; d. 1167)
    • 1478 – Thomas More, English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of England (d. 1535)
    • 1487 – Queen Dangyeong, Korean royal consort (d. 1557)
    • 1500 – João de Castro, viceroy of Portuguese India (d. 1548)
    • 1612 – Thomas Killigrew, English playwright and manager (d. 1683)
    • 1622 – Vittoria della Rovere, Italian noble (d. 1694)
    • 1693 – Empress Anna of Russia (d. 1740)
    • 1722 – Azar Bigdeli, Iranian anthologist and poet (d. 1781)
    • 1726 – Margaret Fownes-Luttrell, English painter (d. 1766)
    • 1741 – Henry Fuseli, Swiss-English painter and academic (d. 1825)
    • 1758 – Benedikt Schack, Czech tenor and composer (d. 1826)
    • 1796 – Thomas Gregson, English-Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Premier of Tasmania (baptism date; d. 1874)
    • 1802 – Louisa Jane Hall, American poet, essayist, and literary critic (d. 1892)
    • 1804 – John Deere, American blacksmith and businessman, founded Deere & Company (d. 1886)
    • 1812 – Charles Dickens, English novelist and critic (d. 1870)
    • 1825 – Karl Möbius, German zoologist and ecologist (d. 1908)
    • 1834 – Alfred-Philibert Aldrophe, French architect (d. 1895)
    • 1837 – James Murray, Scottish lexicographer and philologist (d. 1915)
    • 1864 – Arthur Collins, American baritone singer (d. 1933)
    • 1867 – Laura Ingalls Wilder, American author (d. 1957)
    • 1870 – Alfred Adler, Austrian-Scottish psychologist and therapist (d. 1937)
    • 1871 – Wilhelm Stenhammar, Swedish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1927)
    • 1873 – Thomas Andrews, Irish shipbuilder and businessman, designed the RMS Titanic (d. 1912)
    • 1877 – G. H. Hardy, English mathematician and geneticist (d. 1947)
    • 1878 – Ossip Gabrilowitsch, Russian-American pianist and conductor (d. 1936)
    • 1885 – Sinclair Lewis, American novelist, short-story writer, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1951)
    • 1885 – Hugo Sperrle, German field marshal (d. 1953)
    • 1887 – Eubie Blake, American pianist and composer (d. 1983)
    • 1889 – Harry Nyquist, Swedish-American engineer and theorist (d. 1976)
    • 1893 – Joseph Algernon Pearce, Canadian astrophysicist and astronomer (d. 1988)
    • 1893 – Nicanor Abelardo, Filipino pianist, composer and teacher (d. 1934)
    • 1895 – Anita Stewart, American actress (d. 1961)
    • 1901 – Arnold Nordmeyer, New Zealand minister and politician, 30th New Zealand Minister of Finance (d. 1989)
    • 1904 – Ernest E. Debs, American politician, California State Assembly member, Los Angeles city councilman, and a member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors (d. 2002)
    • 1905 – Paul Nizan, French philosopher and author (d. 1940)
    • 1905 – Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1983)
    • 1906 – Puyi, Chinese emperor (d. 1967)
    • 1906 – Oleg Konstantinovich Antonov, Russian engineer, founded the Antonov Aircraft Company (d. 1984)
    • 1908 – Buster Crabbe, American swimmer and actor (d. 1983)
    • 1908 – Manmath Nath Gupta, Indian journalist and author (d. 2000)
    • 1909 – Hélder Câmara, Brazilian archbishop (d. 1999)
    • 1909 – Amedeo Guillet, Italian soldier (d. 2010)
    • 1912 – Russell Drysdale, English-Australian painter (d. 1981)
    • 1915 – Teoctist Arăpașu, Romanian patriarch (d. 2007)
    • 1915 – Eddie Bracken, American actor and singer (d. 2002)
    • 1916 – Frank Hyde, Australian rugby player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Jock Mahoney, American actor and stuntman (d. 1989)
    • 1919 – Desmond Doss, American army corporal and combat medic, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2006)
    • 1920 – Oscar Brand, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and author (d. 2016)
    • 1920 – An Wang, Chinese-American engineer and businessman, founded Wang Laboratories (d. 1990)
    • 1921 – Athol Rowan, South African cricketer (d. 1998)
    • 1922 – Hattie Jacques, English actress (d. 1980)
    • 1923 – Dora Bryan, English actress and restaurateur (d. 2014)
    • 1925 – Hans Schmidt, Canadian wrestler (d. 2012)
    • 1926 – Konstantin Feoktistov, Russian engineer and astronaut (d. 2009)
    • 1926 – Bill Hoest, American cartoonist (d. 1988)
    • 1927 – Juliette Gréco, French singer and actress
    • 1927 – Vladimir Kuts, Ukrainian-Russian runner and coach (d. 1975)
    • 1927 – Lalo Ríos, Mexican actor (d. 1973)
    • 1928 – Lincoln D. Faurer, American general (d. 2014)
    • 1929 – Jim Langley, English international footballer, full back and manager (d. 2007)
    • 1932 – Gay Talese, American journalist and memoirist
    • 1932 – Alfred Worden, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2020)
    • 1933 – K. N. Choksy, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, Sri Lankan Minister of Finance (d. 2015)
    • 1934 – Eddie Fenech Adami, Maltese lawyer and politician, 7th President of Malta
    • 1934 – King Curtis, American saxophonist and producer (d. 1971)
    • 1934 – Earl King, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2003)
    • 1935 – Cliff Jones, Welsh international footballer, winger
    • 1935 – Herb Kohl, American businessman and politician
    • 1935 – Jörg Schneider, Swiss actor and author (d. 2015)
    • 1936 – Jas Gawronski, Italian journalist and politician
    • 1937 – Peter Jay, English economist, journalist, and diplomat, British Ambassador to the United States
    • 1937 – Juan Pizarro, Puerto Rican baseball player
    • 1940 – Tony Tan, Singaporean academic and politician, 7th President of Singapore
    • 1941 – Kevin Crossley-Holland, English author and poet
    • 1943 – Eric Foner, American historian, author, and academic
    • 1943 – Gareth Hunt, English actor (d. 2007)
    • 1945 – Gerald Davies, Welsh rugby player and journalist
    • 1946 – Héctor Babenco, Argentinian-Brazilian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2016)
    • 1946 – Sammy Johns, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
    • 1946 – Pete Postlethwaite, English actor (d. 2011)
    • 1946 – Gérard Jean-Juste, Haitian priest and activist (d. 2009)
    • 1949 – Jacques Duchesneau, Canadian police officer and politician
    • 1949 – Joe English, American drummer and songwriter
    • 1950 – Karen Joy Fowler, American author
    • 1953 – Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player and poet (d. 1998)
    • 1954 – Dieter Bohlen, German singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1955 – Rolf Benirschke, American football player and game show host
    • 1955 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor and director (d. 2017)
    • 1956 – John Nielsen, Danish racing driver
    • 1956 – Mark St. John, American guitarist (d. 2007)
    • 1957 – Carney Lansford, American baseball player and coach
    • 1958 – Giuseppe Baresi, Italian footballer and manager
    • 1958 – Terry Marsh, English boxer and politician
    • 1958 – Matt Ridley, English journalist, author, and politician
    • 1959 – Mick McCarthy, English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
    • 1960 – Robert Smigel, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1960 – James Spader, American actor and producer
    • 1962 – Garth Brooks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1962 – David Bryan, American keyboard player and songwriter
    • 1962 – Eddie Izzard, English comedian, actor, and producer
    • 1963 – Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper, American Naval officer and astronaut
    • 1964 – Ashok Banker, Indian journalist, author, and screenwriter
    • 1965 – Chris Rock, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Kristin Otto, German swimmer
    • 1968 – Peter Bondra, Ukrainian-Slovak ice hockey player and manager
    • 1968 – Sully Erna, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1968 – Mark Tewksbury, Canadian swimmer and sportscaster
    • 1969 – Andrew Micallef, Maltese painter and musician
    • 1971 – Anita Tsoy, Russian singer-songwriter
    • 1972 – Robyn Lively, American actress
    • 1973 – Juwan Howard, American basketball player and coach
    • 1974 – J Dilla, American rapper and producer (d. 2006)
    • 1974 – Nujabes, Japanese record producer, DJ, composer and arranger (d. 2010)
    • 1974 – Steve Nash, South African-Canadian basketball player
    • 1975 – Wes Borland, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1975 – Alexandre Daigle, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1975 – Rémi Gaillard, French comedian and actor
    • 1976 – Chito Miranda, Filipino singer-songwriter
    • 1977 – Tsuneyasu Miyamoto, Japanese footballer
    • 1978 – David Aebischer, Swiss ice hockey player
    • 1978 – Endy Chávez, Venezuelan baseball player
    • 1978 – Ashton Kutcher, American model, actor, producer, and entrepreneur
    • 1978 – Daniel Van Buyten, Belgian football player
    • 1979 – Daniel Bierofka, German footballer and coach
    • 1979 – Tawakkol Karman, Yemeni journalist and activist, Nobel Prize laureate
    • 1979 – Sam J. Miller, American author
    • 1981 – Darcy Dolce Neto, Brazilian footballer
    • 1981 – Lee Ok-sung, South Korean boxer
    • 1982 – Osamu Mukai, Japanese actor
    • 1982 – Mickaël Piétrus, French basketball player
    • 1983 – Sho Kamogawa, Japanese footballer
    • 1983 – Christian Klien, Austrian race car driver
    • 1983 – Federico Marchetti, Italian footballer
    • 1984 – Trey Hardee, American decathlete
    • 1985 – Tina Majorino, American actress
    • 1988 – Ai Kago, Japanese singer and actress
    • 1989 – Nick Calathes, Greek basketball player
    • 1989 – Elia Viviani, Italian cyclist
    • 1989 – Isaiah Thomas, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Gianluca Lapadula, Italian footballer
    • 1990 – Dalilah Muhammad, American hurdler
    • 1990 – Steven Stamkos, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1991 – Ryan O’Reilly, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1992 – Sergi Roberto, Spanish footballer
    • 1992 – Ksenia Stolbova, Russian figure skater
    • 1992 – Maimi Yajima, Japanese singer and actress
    • 1993 – Chris Mears, English diver
    • 1994 – Riley Barber, American ice hockey player
    • 1995 – Roberto Osuna, Mexican baseball player
    • 1996 – Pierre Gasly, French racing driver
    • 1997 – Nicolò Barella, Italian footballer

    Deaths on February 7

    • 199 – Lü Bu, Chinese warlord
    • 318 – Jin Mindi, emperor of the Jin Dynasty (b. 300)
    • 999 – Boleslaus II the Pious, Duke of Bohemia (b. 932)
    • 1045 – Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (b. 1009)
    • 1065 – Siegfried I, Count of Sponheim (b. c. 1010)
    • 1127 – Ava, German poet (b. 1060)
    • 1165 – Marshal Stephen of Armenia
    • 1259 – Thomas, Count of Flanders
    • 1317 – Robert, Count of Clermont (b. 1256)
    • 1320 – Jan Muskata, Bishop of Kraków (b. 1250)
    • 1333 – Nikko, Japanese priest, founder of Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism (b. 1246)
    • 1520 – Alfonsina de’ Medici, Regent of Florence (b. 1472)
    • 1560 – Bartolommeo Bandinelli, Florentine sculptor (b. 1493)
    • 1603 – Bartholomäus Sastrow, German politician (b. 1520)
    • 1626 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1548)
    • 1642 – William Bedell, English bishop and academic (b. 1571)
    • 1693 – Paul Pellisson, French lawyer and author (b. 1624)
    • 1736 – Stephen Gray, English astronomer and physicist (b. 1666)
    • 1779 – William Boyce, English organist and composer (b. 1711)
    • 1799 – Qianlong Emperor of China (b. 1711)
    • 1801 – Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish-German painter and academic (b. 1726)
    • 1819 – August Wilhelm Hupel, German-Estonian linguist and author (b. 1737)
    • 1823 – Ann Radcliffe, English author (b. 1764)
    • 1837 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (b. 1778)
    • 1849 – Mariano Paredes, Mexican general and 16th president (1845-1846) (b. 1797)
    • 1862 – Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1787)
    • 1864 – Vuk Karadžić, Serbian philologist and linguist (b. 1787)
    • 1871 – Henry E. Steinway, German-American businessman, founded Steinway & Sons (b. 1797)
    • 1873 – Sheridan Le Fanu, Irish author (b. 1814)
    • 1878 – Pope Pius IX (b. 1792)
    • 1891 – Marie Louise Andrews, American story writer and journalist (b. 1849)
    • 1897 – Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist and engineer (b. 1847)
    • 1919 – William Halford, English-American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1841)
    • 1920 – Alexander Kolchak, Russian admiral and explorer (b. 1874)
    • 1920 – Charles Langelier, Canadian journalist, judge, and politician (b. 1850)
    • 1921 – John J. Gardner, American politician (b. 1845)
    • 1937 – Elihu Root, American lawyer and politician, 38th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
    • 1938 – Harvey Samuel Firestone, American businessman, founded the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company (b. 1868)
    • 1939 – Boris Grigoriev, Russian painter and illustrator (b. 1886)
    • 1942 – Ivan Bilibin, Russian illustrator and stage designer (b. 1876)
    • 1944 – Lina Cavalieri, Italian soprano and actress (b. 1874)
    • 1959 – Nap Lajoie, American baseball player and manager (b. 1874)
    • 1959 – Daniel François Malan, South African minister and politician, 5th Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1874)
    • 1959 – Guitar Slim, American singer and guitarist (b. 1926)
    • 1960 – Igor Kurchatov, Russian physicist and academic (b. 1903)
    • 1963 – Learco Guerra, Italian cyclist and manager (b. 1902)
    • 1964 – Sofoklis Venizelos, Greek captain and politician, 133rd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1894)
    • 1968 – Nick Adams, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1931)
    • 1972 – Walter Lang, American director and screenwriter (b. 1896)
    • 1979 – Josef Mengele, German SS officer and physician (b. 1911)
    • 1986 – Cheikh Anta Diop, Senegalese historian, anthropologist, and physicist (b. 1923)
    • 1990 – Alan Perlis, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1922)
    • 1990 – Alfredo M. Santos, Filipino general (b. 1905)
    • 1991 – Amos Yarkoni, Israeli colonel (b. 1920)
    • 1994 – Witold Lutosławski, Polish composer and conductor (b. 1913)
    • 1996 – Phillip Davidson, American general (b. 1915)
    • 1999 – King Hussein of Jordan (b. 1935)
    • 1999 – Bobby Troup, American actor, pianist, and composer (b. 1918)
    • 2000 – Doug Henning, Canadian magician and politician (b. 1947)
    • 2001 – Dale Evans, American singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1912)
    • 2001 – Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American author and pilot (b. 1906)
    • 2003 – Augusto Monterroso, Guatemalan author (b. 1921)
    • 2005 – Atli Dam, Faroese engineer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (b. 1932)
    • 2006 – Princess Durru Shehvar of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1914)
    • 2009 – Blossom Dearie, American singer and pianist (b. 1924)
    • 2010 – Franco Ballerini, Italian cyclist and coach (b. 1964)
    • 2012 – Harry Keough, American soccer player and coach (b. 1927)
    • 2013 – Krsto Papić, Croatian director and screenwriter (b. 1933)
    • 2014 – Doug Mohns, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1933)
    • 2015 – Billy Casper, American golfer and architect (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – Marshall Rosenberg, American psychologist and author (b. 1934)
    • 2015 – Dean Smith, American basketball player and coach (b. 1931)
    • 2015 – John C. Whitehead, American banker and politician, 9th United States Deputy Secretary of State (b. 1922)
    • 2017 – Richard Hatch, American actor (b. 1945)
    • 2017 – Hans Rosling, Swedish academic (b. 1948)
    • 2017 – Tzvetan Todorov, Bulgarian philosopher (b. 1939)
    • 2019 – John Dingell, American politician (b. 1926)
    • 2019 – Albert Finney, English actor (b. 1936)
    • 2019 – Jan Olszewski, Polish politician, 3rd Prime Minister (b. 1930)
    • 2019 – Frank Robinson, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1935)

    Holidays and observances on February 7

    • Christian feast day:
      • Richard the Pilgrim
      • Blessed Eugénie Smet
      • Blessed Pope Pius IX
      • Chrysolius
      • Egidio Maria of Saint Joseph
      • Colette of Corbie
      • February 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
      • New Martyrs and Confessors of the Russian Orthodox Church Typically observed on the Sunday closest to January 25 (O.S.)/February 7 (N.S.)
    • Independence Day (Grenada), celebrates the independence of Grenada from the United Kingdom in 1974.
    • National Black HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)
  • February 6 – History, Events, Births, Deaths, Holidays and Observances On This Day

    February 6 in History

    • AD 60 – The earliest date for which the day of the week is known. A graffito in Pompeii identifies this day as a dies Solis (Sunday). In modern reckoning, this date would have been a Wednesday.
    • 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop.
    • 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of his brother Charles II.
    • 1694 – The warrior queen Dandara, leader of the runaway slaves in Quilombo dos Palmares, Brazil, is captured and commits suicide rather than be returned to a life of slavery.
    • 1778 – American Revolutionary War: In Paris the Treaty of Alliance and the Treaty of Amity and Commerce are signed by the United States and France signaling official recognition of the new republic.
    • 1778 –New York became the third state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.
    • 1788 – Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution.
    • 1806 – Battle of San Domingo: British naval victory against the French in the Caribbean.
    • 1819 – Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles founds Singapore.
    • 1820 – The first 86 African American immigrants sponsored by the American Colonization Society depart New York to start a settlement in present-day Liberia.
    • 1833 – Otto becomes the first modern King of Greece.
    • 1840 – Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, establishing New Zealand as a British colony.
    • 1843 – The first minstrel show in the United States, The Virginia Minstrels, opens (Bowery Amphitheatre in New York City).
    • 1851 – The largest Australian bushfires in a populous region in recorded history take place in the state of Victoria.
    • 1862 – American Civil War: Forces under the command of Ulysses S. Grant and Andrew H. Foote give the Union its first victory of the war, capturing Fort Henry, Tennessee in the Battle of Fort Henry.
    • 1899 – Spanish–American War: The Treaty of Paris, a peace treaty between the United States and Spain, is ratified by the United States Senate.
    • 1900 – The Permanent Court of Arbitration, an international arbitration court at The Hague, is created when the Senate of the Netherlands ratifies an 1899 peace conference decree.
    • 1918 – British women over the age of 30 who meet minimum property qualifications, get the right to vote when Representation of the People Act 1918 is passed by Parliament.
    • 1919 – The American Legion is founded.
    • 1919 – The five-day Seattle General Strike begins, as more than 65,000 workers in the city of Seattle, Washington, walk off the job.
    • 1922 – The Washington Naval Treaty is signed in Washington, D.C., limiting the naval armaments of United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy.
    • 1934 – Far-right leagues rally in front of the Palais Bourbon in an attempted coup against the French Third Republic, creating a political crisis in France.
    • 1951 – The Canadian Army enters combat in the Korean War.
    • 1951 – The Broker, a Pennsylvania Railroad passenger train derails near Woodbridge Township, New Jersey. The accident kills 85 people and injures over 500 more. The wreck is one of the worst rail disasters in American history.
    • 1952 – Elizabeth II becomes Queen of the United Kingdom and her other Realms and Territories and Head of the Commonwealth upon the death of her father, George VI. At the exact moment of succession, she was in a tree house at the Treetops Hotel in Kenya.
    • 1958 – Eight Manchester United F.C. players and 15 other passengers are killed in the Munich air disaster.
    • 1959 – Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments files the first patent for an integrated circuit.
    • 1959 – At Cape Canaveral, Florida, the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile is accomplished.
    • 1976 – In testimony before a United States Senate subcommittee, Lockheed Corporation president Carl Kotchian admits that the company had paid out approximately $3 million in bribes to the office of Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka.
    • 1978 – The Blizzard of 1978, one of the worst Nor’easters in New England history, hit the region, with sustained winds of 65 mph and snowfall of four inches an hour.
    • 1981 – The National Resistance Army of Uganda launches an attack on a Ugandan Army installation in the central Mubende District to begin the Ugandan Bush War.
    • 1987 – Justice Mary Gaudron becomes the first woman to be appointed to the High Court of Australia.
    • 1988 – Michael Jordan makes his signature slam dunk from the free throw line inspiring Air Jordan and the Jumpman logo.
    • 1989 – The Round Table Talks start in Poland, thus marking the beginning of the overthrow of communism in Eastern Europe.
    • 1996 – Willamette Valley Flood: Floods in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, United States, causes over US$500 million in property damage throughout the Pacific Northwest.
    • 1996 – Birgenair Flight 301 crashed off the coast of the Dominican Republic, killing all 189 people on board. This is the deadliest aviation accident involving a Boeing 757.
    • 1998 – Washington National Airport is renamed Ronald Reagan National Airport.
    • 2000 – Second Chechen War: Russia captures Grozny, Chechnya, forcing the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria government into exile.
    • 2006 – Stephen Harper becomes Prime Minister of Canada.
    • 2016 – An earthquake of magnitude 6.6 strikes southern Taiwan, killing 117 people.
    • 2018 – SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy, a super heavy launch vehicle, makes its maiden flight.

    Births on February 6

    • 885 – Emperor Daigo of Japan (d. 930)
    • 1402 – Louis I, Landgrave of Hesse, Landgrave of Hesse (d. 1458)
    • 1452 – Joanna, Princess of Portugal (d. 1490)
    • 1453 – Girolamo Benivieni, Florentine poet (d. 1542)
    • 1465 – Scipione del Ferro, Italian mathematician and theorist (d. 1526)
    • 1536 – Sassa Narimasa, Japanese samurai (d. 1588)
    • 1577 – Beatrice Cenci, Italian murderer (d. 1599)
    • 1582 – Mario Bettinus, Italian mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher (d. 1657)
    • 1608 – António Vieira, Portuguese priest and philosopher (d. 1697)
    • 1611 – Chongzhen Emperor of China (d. 1644)
    • 1612 – Antoine Arnauld, French mathematician, theologian, and philosopher (d. 1694)
    • 1643 – Johann Kasimir Kolbe von Wartenberg, Prussian politician, 1st Minister President of Prussia (d. 1712)
    • 1649 – Augusta Marie of Holstein-Gottorp, German noblewoman (d. 1728)
    • 1664 – Mustafa II, Ottoman sultan (d. 1703)
    • 1665 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain, Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland (d. 1714)
    • 1665 – Anne, Queen of Great Britain (d. 1714)
    • 1695 – Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss-Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1726)
    • 1719 – Alberto Pullicino, Maltese painter (d. 1759)
    • 1726 – Patrick Russell, Scottish surgeon and zoologist (d. 1805)
    • 1732 – Charles Lee, English-American general (d. 1782)
    • 1736 – Franz Xaver Messerschmidt, German-Austrian sculptor (d. 1783)
    • 1744 – Pierre-Joseph Desault, French anatomist and surgeon (d. 1795)
    • 1748 – Adam Weishaupt, German philosopher and academic, founded the Illuminati (d. 1830)
    • 1753 – Évariste de Parny, French poet and author (d. 1814)
    • 1756 – Aaron Burr, American colonel and politician, 3rd Vice President of the United States (d. 1836)
    • 1758 – Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, Belarusian-Polish poet, playwright, and politician (d. 1841)
    • 1769 – Ludwig von Wallmoden-Gimborn, Austrian general (d. 1862)
    • 1772 – George Murray, Scottish general and politician, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (d. 1830)
    • 1778 – Ugo Foscolo, Italian author and poet (d. 1827)
    • 1781 – John Keane, 1st Baron Keane, Irish general and politician, Governor of Saint Lucia (d. 1844)
    • 1796 – John Stevens Henslow, English botanist and geologist (d. 1861)
    • 1797 – Joseph von Radowitz, Prussian general and politician, Foreign Minister of Prussia (d. 1853)
    • 1799 – Imre Frivaldszky, Hungarian botanist and entomologist (d. 1870)
    • 1800 – Achille Devéria, French painter and lithographer (d. 1857)
    • 1802 – Charles Wheatstone, English-French physicist and cryptographer (d. 1875)
    • 1811 – Henry Liddell, English priest, author, and academic (d. 1898)
    • 1814 – Auguste Chapdelaine, French missionary and saint (d. 1856)
    • 1818 – William M. Evarts, American lawyer and politician, 27th United States Secretary of State (d. 1901)
    • 1820 – Thomas C. Durant, American railroad tycoon (d. 1885)
    • 1829 – Joseph Auguste Émile Vaudremer, French architect, designed the La Santé Prison and Saint-Pierre-de-Montrouge (d. 1914)
    • 1832 – John Brown Gordon, American general and politician, 53rd Governor of Georgia (d. 1904)
    • 1833 – José María de Pereda, Spanish author and academic (d. 1906)
    • 1833 – J. E. B. Stuart, American general (d. 1864)
    • 1834 – Edwin Klebs, German-Swiss pathologist and academic (d. 1913)
    • 1834 – Ema Pukšec, Croatian-German soprano (d. 1889)
    • 1834 – Wilhelm von Scherff, German general and author (d. 1911)
    • 1838 – Henry Irving, English actor and manager (d. 1905)
    • 1838 – Israel Meir Kagan, Lithuanian-Polish rabbi and author (d. 1933)
    • 1839 – Eduard Hitzig, German neurologist and psychiatrist (d. 1907)
    • 1842 – Alexandre Ribot, French academic and politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1923)
    • 1843 – Inoue Kowashi, Japanese scholar and politician (d. 1895)
    • 1843 – Frederic William Henry Myers, English poet and philologist, co-founded the Society for Psychical Research (d. 1901)
    • 1845 – Isidor Straus, German-American businessman and politician (d. 1912)
    • 1847 – Henry Janeway Hardenbergh, American architect, designed the Plaza Hotel (d. 1918)
    • 1852 – C. Lloyd Morgan, English zoologist and psychologist (d. 1936)
    • 1852 – Vasily Safonov, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1918)
    • 1861 – Nikolay Zelinsky, Russian chemist and academic (d. 1953)
    • 1864 – John Henry Mackay, Scottish-German philosopher and author (d. 1933)
    • 1866 – Karl Sapper, German linguist and explorer (d. 1945)
    • 1872 – Robert Maillart, Swiss engineer, designed the Salginatobel Bridge and Schwandbach Bridge (d. 1940)
    • 1874 – Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura, Indian religious leader, founded the Gaudiya Math (d. 1937)
    • 1875 – Leonid Gobyato, Russian general (d. 1915)
    • 1876 – Henry Blogg, English fisherman and sailor (d. 1954)
    • 1879 – Othon Friesz, French painter (d. 1949)
    • 1879 – Magnús Guðmundsson, Icelandic lawyer and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1937)
    • 1879 – Edwin Samuel Montagu, English politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1924)
    • 1879 – Carl Ramsauer, German physicist and author (d. 1955)
    • 1880 – Nishinoumi Kajirō II, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 25th Yokozuna (d. 1931)
    • 1884 – Marcel Cohen, French linguist and scholar (d. 1974)
    • 1887 – Josef Frings, German cardinal (d. 1978)
    • 1890 – Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Pakistani activist and politician (d. 1988)
    • 1890 – James McGirr, Australian politician, 28th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1957)
    • 1892 – Maximilian Fretter-Pico, German general (d. 1984)
    • 1892 – William P. Murphy, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
    • 1893 – Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Pakistani politician and diplomat, 1st Minister of Foreign Affairs for Pakistan (d. 1985)
    • 1894 – Eric Partridge, New Zealand-English lexicographer and academic (d. 1979)
    • 1894 – Kirpal Singh, Indian spiritual master (d. 1974)
    • 1895 – Robert La Follette Jr., American politician (d. 1953)
    • 1895 – María Teresa Vera, Cuban singer, guitarist and composer (d. 1965)
    • 1895 – Babe Ruth, American baseball player and coach (d. 1948)
    • 1898 – Harry Haywood, American soldier and politician (d. 1985)
    • 1899 – Ramon Novarro, Mexican-American actor, singer, and director (d. 1968)
    • 1901 – Ben Lyon, American actor (d. 1979)
    • 1902 – George Brunies, American trombonist (d. 1974)
    • 1903 – Claudio Arrau, Chilean pianist and composer (d. 1991)
    • 1905 – Władysław Gomułka, Polish politician (d. 1982)
    • 1905 – Jan Werich, Czech actor and playwright (d. 1980)
    • 1906 – Joseph Schull, Canadian playwright and historian (d. 1980)
    • 1908 – Amintore Fanfani, Italian journalist and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1999)
    • 1908 – Edward Lansdale, American general and CIA agent (d. 1987)
    • 1908 – Geo Bogza, Romanian poet and journalist (d. 1993)
    • 1908 – Michael Maltese, American actor, screenwriter, and composer (d. 1981)
    • 1910 – Roman Czerniawski, Polish air force officer and spy (d. 1985)
    • 1910 – Irmgard Keun, German author (d. 1982)
    • 1910 – Carlos Marcello, Tunisian-American gangster (d. 1993)
    • 1911 – Ronald Reagan, American actor and politician, 40th President of the United States (d. 2004)
    • 1912 – Eva Braun, German wife of Adolf Hitler (d. 1945)
    • 1912 – Christopher Hill, English historian and author (d. 2003)
    • 1913 – Mary Leakey, English-Kenyan archaeologist and anthropologist (d. 1996)
    • 1914 – Thurl Ravenscroft, American voice actor and singer (d. 2005)
    • 1915 – Kavi Pradeep, Indian poet and songwriter (d. 1998)
    • 1916 – John Crank, English mathematician and physicist (d. 2006)
    • 1917 – Louis-Philippe de Grandpré, Canadian lawyer and jurist (d. 2008)
    • 1917 – Zsa Zsa Gabor, Hungarian-American actress and socialite (d. 2016)
    • 1918 – Lothar-Günther Buchheim, German author and painter (d. 2007)
    • 1919 – Takashi Yanase, Japanese poet and illustrator, created Anpanman (d. 2013)
    • 1921 – Carl Neumann Degler, American historian and author (d. 2014)
    • 1921 – Bob Scott, New Zealand rugby player (d. 2012)
    • 1922 – Patrick Macnee, English-American actor and costume designer (d. 2015)
    • 1922 – Denis Norden, English actor, screenwriter, and television host (d. 2018)
    • 1922 – Haskell Wexler, American director, producer, and cinematographer (d. 2015)
    • 1923 – Gyula Lóránt, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 1981)
    • 1924 – Billy Wright, English footballer and manager (d. 1994)
    • 1924 – Jin Yong, Hong Kong author and publisher, founded Ming Pao (d. 2018)
    • 1925 – Walker Edmiston, American actor and puppeteer (d. 2007)
    • 1927 – Gerard K. O’Neill, American physicist and astronomer (d. 1992)
    • 1928 – Allan H. Meltzer, American economist and academic (d. 2017)
    • 1929 – Colin Murdoch, New Zealand pharmacist and veterinarian, invented the tranquilliser gun (d. 2008)
    • 1929 – Oscar Sambrano Urdaneta, Venezuelan author and critic (d. 2011)
    • 1929 – Valentin Yanin, Russian historian and author (d. 2020)
    • 1930 – Jun Kondo, Japanese physicist and academic
    • 1931 – Rip Torn, American actor (d. 2019)
    • 1931 – Fred Trueman, English cricketer (d. 2006)
    • 1931 – Mamie Van Doren, American actress and model
    • 1931 – Ricardo Vidal, Filipino cardinal (d. 2017)
    • 1932 – Camilo Cienfuegos, Cuban soldier and anarchist (d. 1959)
    • 1932 – François Truffaut, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1984)
    • 1933 – Leslie Crowther, English comedian, actor, and game show host (d. 1996)
    • 1936 – Kent Douglas, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2009)
    • 1938 – Fred Mifflin, Canadian admiral and politician, 19th Minister of Veterans Affairs (d. 2013)
    • 1939 – Jean Beaudin, Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 2019)
    • 1939 – Mike Farrell, American actor, director, producer, activist and public speaker
    • 1939 – Jair Rodrigues, Brazilian singer (d. 2014)
    • 1940 – Tom Brokaw, American journalist and author
    • 1940 – Petr Hájek, Czech mathematician and academic (d. 2016)
    • 1940 – Jimmy Tarbuck, English comedian and actor
    • 1941 – Stephen Albert, American pianist and composer (d. 1992)
    • 1941 – Dave Berry, English pop singer
    • 1941 – Gigi Perreau, American actress and director
    • 1942 – Sarah Brady, American activist and author (d. 2015)
    • 1942 – Charlie Coles, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
    • 1942 – Ahmad-Jabir Ahmadov Ismail oghlu, Azerbaijani philosopher and academic
    • 1942 – James Loewen, American sociologist and historian
    • 1942 – Tommy Roberts, English fashion designer (d. 2012)
    • 1943 – Fabian Forte, American pop singer and actor
    • 1943 – Gayle Hunnicutt, American actress
    • 1944 – Christine Boutin, French politician, French Minister of Housing and Urban Development
    • 1944 – Willie Tee, American singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer (d. 2007)
    • 1944 – Michael Tucker, American actor and producer
    • 1945 – Bob Marley, Jamaican singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1981)
    • 1946 – Richie Hayward, American drummer and songwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1946 – Kate McGarrigle, Canadian musician and singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
    • 1946 – Jim Turner, American captain and politician
    • 1947 – Bill Staines, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1947 – Charlie Hickcox, American swimmer (d .2010)
    • 1949 – Mike Batt, English singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1949 – Manuel Orantes, Spanish tennis player
    • 1949 – Jim Sheridan, Irish director, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1950 – Natalie Cole, American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2015)
    • 1950 – Timothy M. Dolan, American cardinal
    • 1950 – Punky Meadows, American rock guitarist and songwriter
    • 1952 – Ric Charlesworth, Australian cricketer, coach, and politician
    • 1952 – Viktor Giacobbo, Swiss actor, producer, and screenwriter
    • 1952 – Ricardo La Volpe, Argentinian footballer, manager, and coach
    • 1955 – Avram Grant, Israeli football manager
    • 1955 – Michael Pollan, American journalist, author, and academic
    • 1955 – Bruno Stolorz, French rugby player and coach
    • 1956 – Jerry Marotta, American drummer
    • 1957 – Andres Lipstok, Estonian economist and politician, Estonian Minister of Economic Affairs
    • 1957 – Kathy Najimy, American actress and comedian
    • 1957 – Simon Phillips, English drummer and producer
    • 1957 – Robert Townsend, American actor and director
    • 1958 – Cecily Adams, American actress and casting director (d. 2004)
    • 1960 – Jeremy Bowen, Welsh journalist
    • 1960 – Megan Gallagher, American actress
    • 1961 – Michael Bolt, Australian rugby league player
    • 1961 – Cam Cameron, American football player and coach
    • 1961 – Bill Lester, American race car driver
    • 1961 – Yury Onufriyenko, Ukrainian-Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut
    • 1962 – Stavros Lambrinidis, Greek lawyer and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Greece
    • 1962 – Axl Rose, American singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1963 – David Capel, English cricketer
    • 1963 – Scott Gordon, American ice hockey player and coach
    • 1963 – Quentin Letts, English journalist and critic
    • 1964 – Laurent Cabannes, French rugby player
    • 1964 – Gordon Downie, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2017)
    • 1964 – Colin Miller, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
    • 1964 – Andrey Zvyagintsev, Russian actor and director
    • 1965 – Jan Svěrák, Czech actor, director, and screenwriter
    • 1966 – Rick Astley, English singer-songwriter
    • 1967 – Anita Cochran, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
    • 1967 – Izumi Sakai, Japanese singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
    • 1968 – Adolfo Valencia, Colombian footballer
    • 1968 – Akira Yamaoka, Japanese composer and producer
    • 1969 – David Hayter, American actor and screenwriter
    • 1969 – Masaharu Fukuyama, Japanese singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
    • 1969 – Tim Sherwood, English international footballer midfielder and manager
    • 1969 – Bob Wickman, American baseball player
    • 1970 – Per Frandsen, Danish footballer and manager
    • 1970 – Tim Herron, American golfer
    • 1971 – Brad Hogg, Australian cricketer
    • 1971 – Carlos Rogers, American basketball player
    • 1972 – Stefano Bettarini, Italian footballer
    • 1972 – David Binn, American football player
    • 1974 – Aljo Bendijo, Filipino journalist
    • 1975 – Chad Allen, American baseball player and coach
    • 1975 – Orkut Büyükkökten, Turkish computer scientist and engineer, created Orkut
    • 1975 – Tomoko Kawase, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1976 – Tanja Frieden, Swiss snowboarder and educator
    • 1976 – Kim Zmeskal, American gymnast and coach
    • 1977 – Josh Stewart, American actor
    • 1978 – Yael Naim, French-Israeli singer-songwriter
    • 1979 – Dan Bălan, Moldovan singer-songwriter and producer
    • 1980 – Kerry Jeremy, Antiguan cricketer
    • 1980 – Kim Poirier, Canadian actress, singer, and producer
    • 1980 – Luke Ravenstahl, American politician, 58th Mayor of Pittsburgh
    • 1981 – Ricky Barnes, American golfer
    • 1981 – Calum Best, American-English model and actor
    • 1981 – Shim Eun-jin, South Korean singer and actress
    • 1981 – Alison Haislip, American actress and producer
    • 1981 – Jens Lekman, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1981 – Ty Warren, American football player
    • 1982 – Tank, Taiwanese singer-songwriter
    • 1982 – Alice Eve, English actress
    • 1982 – Elise Ray, American gymnast
    • 1983 – Melrose Bickerstaff, American model and fashion designer
    • 1983 – Brodie Croyle, American football player
    • 1983 – Dimas Delgado, Spanish footballer
    • 1983 – S. Sreesanth, Indian cricketer
    • 1983 – Jamie Whincup, Australian race car driver
    • 1984 – Darren Bent, English international footballer, forward
    • 1984 – Piret Järvis, Estonian singer-songwriter and guitarist
    • 1984 – Antoine Wright, American basketball player
    • 1985 – Ben Creagh, Australian rugby league player
    • 1985 – Kris Humphries, American basketball player
    • 1986 – Dane DeHaan, American actor
    • 1986 – Yunho, South Korean singer and actor
    • 1988 – Bailey Hanks, American actress, singer, and dancer
    • 1989 – Craig Cathcart, Northern Irish footballer
    • 1989 – Jonny Flynn, American basketball player
    • 1990 – Adam Henrique, Canadian ice hockey player
    • 1990 – Jermaine Kearse, American football player
    • 1990 – Aida Rybalko, Lithuanian figure skater
    • 1991 – Tobias Eisenbauer, Austrian ice dancer
    • 1991 – Ida Njåtun, Norwegian speed skater
    • 1991 – Eva Wacanno, Dutch tennis player
    • 1991 – Fei Yu, Chinese footballer
    • 1992 – Víctor Mañón, Mexican footballer
    • 1993 – Teresa Scanlan, Miss America 2011
    • 1993 – Tinashe, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
    • 1994 – Charlie Heaton, British actor and musician
    • 1995 – Leon Goretzka, German footballer
    • 1995 – Sam McQueen, English footballer

    Deaths on February 6

    • 743 – Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, Umayyad caliph (b. 691)
    • 797 – Donnchad Midi, Irish king (b. 733)
    • 891 – Photios I of Constantinople (b. 810)
    • 1140 – Thurstan, Archbishop of York
    • 1155 – King Sigurd II of Norway (b. 1133)
    • 1215 – Hōjō Tokimasa, Japanese shikken of the Kamakura bakufu (b. 1138)
    • 1378 – Joanna of Bourbon (b. 1338)
    • 1411 – Esau de’ Buondelmonti, ruler of Epirus
    • 1497 – Johannes Ockeghem, Flemish composer and educator (b. 1410)
    • 1515 – Aldus Manutius, Italian publisher, founded the Aldine Press (b. 1449)
    • 1519 – Lorenz von Bibra, Prince-Bishop of the Bishopric of Würzburg (b. 1459)
    • 1539 – John III, Duke of Cleves (b. 1491)
    • 1585 – Edmund Plowden, English lawyer and scholar (b. 1518)
    • 1593 – Jacques Amyot, French author and translator (b. 1513)
    • 1593 – Emperor Ōgimachi of Japan (b. 1517)
    • 1597 – Franciscus Patricius, Italian philosopher and scientist (b. 1529)
    • 1612 – Christopher Clavius, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1538)
    • 1617 – Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist (b. 1553)
    • 1625 – Philipp Julius, Duke of Pomerania (b. 1584)
    • 1685 – Charles II of England (b. 1630)
    • 1695 – Ahmed II, Ottoman sultan (b. 1643)
    • 1740 – Pope Clement XII (b. 1652)
    • 1775 – William Dowdeswell, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1721)
    • 1783 – Capability Brown, English gardener and architect (b. 1716)
    • 1793 – Carlo Goldoni, Italian-French playwright (b. 1707)
    • 1804 – Joseph Priestley, English chemist and theologian (b. 1733)
    • 1807 – John Reid, Scottish general (b. 1721)
    • 1833 – Pierre André Latreille, French zoologist and entomologist (b. 1762)
    • 1834 – Richard Lemon Lander, English explorer (b. 1804)
    • 1865 – Isabella Beeton, English author of Mrs Beeton’s Book of Household Management (b. 1836)
    • 1899 – Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1874)
    • 1899 – Leo von Caprivi, German general and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1831)
    • 1902 – John Colton, English-Australian politician, 13th Premier of South Australia (b. 1823)
    • 1916 – Rubén Darío, Nicaraguan poet, journalist, and diplomat (b. 1867)
    • 1918 – Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter and illustrator (b. 1862)
    • 1929 – Maria Christina of Austria (b. 1858)
    • 1931 – Motilal Nehru, Indian lawyer and politician, President of the Indian National Congress (b. 1861)
    • 1932 – John Earle, Australian politician, 22nd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1865)
    • 1938 – Marianne von Werefkin, Russian-Swiss painter (b. 1860)
    • 1942 – Jaan Soots, Estonian general and politician, 7th Estonian Minister of War (b. 1880)
    • 1951 – Gabby Street, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1882)
    • 1952 – George VI of the United Kingdom (b. 1895)
    • 1958 – victims of the Munich air disaster
      • – Geoff Bent, English footballer (b. 1932)
      • – Roger Byrne, English footballer (b. 1929)
      • – Eddie Colman, English footballer (b. 1936)
      • – Walter Crickmer, English footballer and manager (b. 1900)
      • – Mark Jones, English footballer (b. 1933)
      • – David Pegg, English footballer (b. 1935)
      • – Frank Swift, English footballer and journalist (b. 1913)
      • – Tommy Taylor, English footballer (b. 1932)
    • 1963 – Piero Manzoni, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1933)
    • 1964 – Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino general and politician, 1st President of the Philippines (b. 1869)
    • 1967 – Martine Carol, French actress (b. 1920)
    • 1972 – Julian Steward, American anthropologist (b. 1902)
    • 1976 – Ritwik Ghatak, Bangladeshi-Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1925)
    • 1976 – Vince Guaraldi, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1928)
    • 1981 – Hugo Montenegro, American composer and conductor (b. 1925)
    • 1982 – Ben Nicholson, British painter (b. 1894)
    • 1985 – James Hadley Chase, English-Swiss soldier and author (b. 1906)
    • 1986 – Frederick Coutts, Scottish 8th General of The Salvation Army (b. 1899)
    • 1986 – Dandy Nichols, English actress (b. 1907)
    • 1986 – Minoru Yamasaki, American architect, designed the World Trade Center (b. 1912)
    • 1987 – Julien Chouinard, Canadian lawyer and jurist (b. 1929)
    • 1989 – Barbara W. Tuchman, American historian and author (b. 1912)
    • 1990 – Jimmy Van Heusen, American pianist and composer (b. 1913)
    • 1991 – Salvador Luria, Italian biologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
    • 1991 – Danny Thomas, American actor, producer, and humanitarian (b. 1914)
    • 1993 – Arthur Ashe, American tennis player and sportscaster (b. 1943)
    • 1994 – Joseph Cotten, American actor (b. 1905)
    • 1994 – Jack Kirby, American author and illustrator (b. 1917)
    • 1995 – James Merrill, American poet and playwright (b. 1926)
    • 1998 – Falco, Austrian pop-rock musician (b. 1957)
    • 1999 – Don Dunstan, Australian lawyer and politician, 35th Premier of South Australia (b. 1926)
    • 1999 – Jimmy Roberts, American tenor (b. 1924)
    • 2000 – Phil Walters, American race car driver (b. 1916)
    • 2001 – Filemon Lagman, Filipino theoretician and activist (b. 1953)
    • 2002 – Max Perutz, Austrian-English biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
    • 2004 – Gerald Bouey, Canadian lieutenant and economist (b. 1920)
    • 2005 – Karl Haas, German-American pianist, conductor, and radio host (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Lew Burdette, American baseball player and coach (b. 1926)
    • 2007 – Frankie Laine, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1913)
    • 2007 – Willye White, American runner and long jumper (b. 1939)
    • 2008 – Tony Rolt, English race car driver and engineer (b. 1918)
    • 2009 – Philip Carey, American actor (b. 1925)
    • 2009 – James Whitmore, American actor (b. 1921)
    • 2011 – Gary Moore, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (b. 1952)
    • 2012 – David Rosenhan, American psychologist and academic (b. 1929)
    • 2012 – Antoni Tàpies, Spanish painter and sculptor (b. 1923)
    • 2012 – Janice E. Voss, American engineer and astronaut (b. 1956)
    • 2013 – Chokri Belaid, Tunisian lawyer and politician (b. 1964)
    • 2013 – Menachem Elon, German-Israeli academic and jurist (b. 1923)
    • 2014 – Vasiľ Biľak, Slovak politician (b. 1917)
    • 2014 – Ralph Kiner, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1922)
    • 2014 – Maxine Kumin, American author and poet (b. 1925)
    • 2014 – Vaçe Zela, Albanian-Swiss singer and guitarist (b. 1939)
    • 2015 – André Brink, South African author and playwright (b. 1935)
    • 2015 – Alan Nunnelee, American lawyer and politician (b. 1958)
    • 2015 – Pedro León Zapata, Venezuelan cartoonist (b. 1929)
    • 2016 – Dan Gerson, American screenwriter (b. 1966)
    • 2016 – Dan Hicks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1941)
    • 2017 – Irwin Corey, American comedian and actor (b. 1914)
    • 2017 – Inge Keller, German actress (b. 1923)
    • 2017 – Alec McCowen, English actor (b. 1925)
    • 2017 – Joost van der Westhuizen, South African rugby union footballer (b. 1971)

    Holidays and observances on February 6

    • Christian feast day:
      • Amand
      • Dorothea of Caesarea
      • Hildegund, O.Praem.
      • Jacut
      • Mateo Correa Magallanes (one of Saints of the Cristero War)
      • Mél of Ardagh
      • Paul Miki and Twenty-six Martyrs of Japan
      • Relindis (Renule) of Maaseik
      • Vedastus
      • February 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
    • International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation (United Nations)
    • Ronald Reagan Day (California, United States)
    • Sami National Day (Russia, Finland, Norway and Sweden)
    • Waitangi Day, celebrates the founding of New Zealand in 1840.