A. Only by individuals
B. Only groups
C. By individual or by entire group
D. None of these
A. Invention
B. discovery
C. Social Change
D. None of these
A. Social cohesion
B. Social Capital
C. Social bond
D. None of these
A. involve the gradual evolution of existing state and class structures into new social arrangements
B. are most likely to occur when political
C. appear to follow no “natural history”
D. often begin with intellectuals withdrawing their support of the existing regime
A. the punishment or stigmatization of deviant acts
B. the labelling of an act as deviant through social reactions to it
C. the ways in which taking on a deviant role affects future action
D. all of the above
A. slavery
B. caste
C. class
D. status
A. Racial and ethnic groups often have the potential for carving out their own independent nations from the existing state
B. Racial and ethnic stratification is harder to eliminate than are other forms of stratification
C. All other forms of stratification grow out of racial and ethnic stratification
D. All of the above