A. the availability heuristic
B. confirmation bias
C. the representativeness heuristic
D. the belief perseverance phenomenon
Cognitive Psychology
The sentences “Mario is easy to please” and “Mario is eager to please” have_______-surface structure and______deep structure.
A. a different; the same
B. no; the same
C. a different; a different
D. the same; a different
To solve the “string problem” described in the text, you have to catch the screwdriver while holding the second string. This_______problem is often solved in a burst of_______when a person overcomes_______.
A. arrangement; intuition; functional fixedness
B. arrangement; intuition; confirmation bias
C. transformation; intuition; mental set
D. arrangement; insight; functional fixedness
A child is playing with a toy. When you hide the toy, she makes no effort to look for it. According to Jean Piaget, the child is in which stage of cognition?
A. Concrete Operational
B. Formal operational
C. Sensorimotor
D. Preoperational
Semantics refers to the:
A. orderly arrangements of words into grammatically correct sentences
B. derivation of meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences
C. logical and methodical procedures for solving problems
D. simple thinking strategies that facilitate quick decision making
Which of these is not a basic assumption of behaviorism?
A. Principles of learning apply equally to different species
B. Learning can be studied objectively by focusing on stimuli and responses
C. Organisms are born as “blank states” shaped and influenced by the environment
D. Internal cognitive processes are largely included in scientific study
People with opposing views of capital punishment reviewed mixed evidence regarding its effectiveness as a crime deterrent. As a result, their opposing views differed more strongly than ever. This best illustrates:
A. the farming effect
B. the availability heuristic
C. the representativeness heuristic
D. belief perseverance
College students routinely underestimate how much time it was take them to complete assigned course projects. This best illustrates the impact of:
A. the representativeness heuristic
B. framing
C. overconfidence
D. functional fixedness
Jimmy is at the stage of language development where he uses one word to convey a complete thought or idea. This is called:
A. holophrastic speech
B. jargon speech
C. telegraphic speech
D. phonemes