Which of the following serves as the best definition of the literary critical practice of formalism ?

Which of the following serves as the best definition of the literary critical practice of formalism ?

A. Formalism focuses on examining how a text exemplifies its writer’s psychology.
B. Formalism focuses on examining the structural dynamics of poems.
C. Formalism focuses on examining the use of literary devices within a literary text.
D. Formalism focuses on examining the historical contexts and backgrounds of literary texts.