Vibrations in the tubes of a shell and tube heat exchanger is induced due to the _________________?

Vibrations in the tubes of a shell and tube heat exchanger is induced due to the _________________?

A. Flow of fluid on the tube and shell sides
B. Oscillations in the flow of shell/tube sides fluid
C. Vibrations transmitted through pig and/or supports due to external reasons
D. All A., B. and C.