Question
Slope of the river channel; typically decreases downstream
Answer
Gradient
Natural Disasters
A large steep-sided volcano consisting of layers of ash, fragmental debris and lava
Question
A large steep-sided volcano consisting of layers of ash, fragmental debris and lava
Answer
Stratovolcanoes
A mudflow associated with volcanic action or involving volcanic materials
Question
A mudflow associated with volcanic action or involving volcanic materials
Answer
Lahar
The amount the fault or ridge moves away from its point of origin (aka displacement)
Question
The amount the fault or ridge moves away from its point of origin (aka displacement)
Answer
Offset
Component of stress perpendicular to the earth’s planar surface (force keeping the boulder/grain from moving)
Question
Component of stress perpendicular to the earth’s planar surface (force keeping the boulder/grain from moving)
Answer
Normal Stress
A mass of liquid of partially solidified rock that is ejected from a volcano
Question
A mass of liquid of partially solidified rock that is ejected from a volcano
Answer
Bomb
A flow involving movement of broken rock, with little sand or mud, and particle-particle contact; usually developed in gravel or sand
Question
A flow involving movement of broken rock, with little sand or mud, and particle-particle contact; usually developed in gravel or sand
Answer
Grain Flow
Relatively slow movement of land, typically at rates of cm/yr
Question
Relatively slow movement of land, typically at rates of cm/yr
Answer
Subsidence
A mass of cold, solid rock ejected from a volcano
Question
A mass of cold, solid rock ejected from a volcano
Answer
Block
Fine materials (dust, ash, and cinders) produced by volcanic action
Question
Fine materials (dust, ash, and cinders) produced by volcanic action
Answer
Tephra