State-owned enterprises (SOEs) are also called ?
A. centralized firms
B. government oligopolies
C. market economies
D. public enterprises
The industrial concentration ratio is the proportion of an industry’s output ?
The industrial concentration ratio is the proportion of an industry’s output ?
A. produced by the three largest firms in the industry
B. produced in cement, machine tools and steel industries
C. and labor intensities relative to labor productivity
D. as a percentage of production and marketing
In 1979-80 China first created _____ for foreigners to set up enterprises hire labor and import duty-free goods for processing and re-exporting ?
In 1979-80 China first created _____ for foreigners to set up enterprises hire labor and import duty-free goods for processing and re-exporting ?
A. special economic zones
B. liberalized trade monopoly zones
C. Economic Union zones
D. Communist free trade areas
Structural economists from the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) emphasized ?
Structural economists from the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA) emphasized ?
A. contractionary monetary and fiscal policies
B. currency devaluation
C. long-run institutional and structural economic change
D. short term-adjustment with a human face
Countries facing a persistent external deficit can ?
Countries facing a persistent external deficit can ?
I. borrow overseas
II. increase trade restrictions and exchange controls
III. undertake expansionary monetary and fiscal policies
IV. Undertake expenditure-reducing policies
A. I and II only
B. III and IV only
C. I, II and III only
D. I, II and IV only
S = Savings, I = domestic investment, X = exports of goods and services, and M = imports of goods and services Which of the following is true ?
S = Savings, I = domestic investment, X = exports of goods and services, and M = imports of goods and services Which of the following is true ?
A. S – I = X = M
B. S + I = X + M
C. S = I – (X+M)
D. S-I = X/M
Countries with chronic balance of payments deficits eventually need to borrow abroad often from the ________ as the lender of last resort?
Countries with chronic balance of payments deficits eventually need to borrow abroad often from the ________ as the lender of last resort?
A. U.S
B. OECD
C. IMF
D. OPEC
Pathologies endemic to the Soviet bureaucracy included secrecy formalism cumbersome procedures rigidity and the tendency to concentrate on control rather than performance The party controlled The state by using the ____ the power to recommend and approve managers in administration and enterprises, of appointments and promotions to control access to government positions ?
Pathologies endemic to the Soviet bureaucracy included secrecy formalism cumbersome procedures rigidity and the tendency to concentrate on control rather than performance The party controlled The state by using the ____ the power to recommend and approve managers in administration and enterprises, of appointments and promotions to control access to government positions ?
A. Gosplan
B. Gosagroprom
C. nomenklatura system
D. Parastatals
A development bank based in London, which loans funds to governments of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union is the ?
A development bank based in London, which loans funds to governments of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union is the ?
A. Transitional Monetary Fund
B. World Bank
C. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
D. OECD
Which of the following statement is NOT true about state owned enterprises (SOEs) ?
Which of the following statement is NOT true about state owned enterprises (SOEs) ?
A. SOEs perform better with competition
B. Successful performing SOEs in Japan, Singapore and Sweden have greater managerial autonomy and accountability than other SOEs
C. SOEs in South Korea and Sweden generally achieve inferior economic results to those in Ghana
D. Financial autonomy is a major factor contributing to SOEs managerial effectiveness