No. 1 – the same act of negligence of the defendant that causes injury to another may give rise to a liability based on culpa aquiliana and culpa criminal and the injured party may recover twice from the same act or omission of the defendant. No. 2 – When the defendant causes damage to the plaintiff through the formers fault or negligence, there being no contractual relationship between them, the basis of the defendant’s liability is a quasi-contract.