A. intraindustry specialization and trade
B. interindustry specialization and trade
C. demand conditions underlying specialization and trade
D. income conditions underlying specialization and trade
A. technology
B. advertising
C. factor endowments
D. both (a) and (c)
A. have no impact on patterns of international trade
B. have tended to make U.S steel companies more competitive internationally
C. can affect production costs and thus alter comparative advantages and trade patterns
D. have been eliminated by the nations participating in NAFTA
A. Explains why the United States might export autos and import clothing
B. Explains why the United States might export and import differentiated versions of the same product such as different types of autos
C. Assumes that transport costs are very low or do not exist
D. ignores seasonal considerations for agricultural goods
A. increase in the volume of trade
B. Smaller gain from trade
C. Decline in the income of home producers
D. Decrease in the level of specialization in production
A. similar endowments of natural resources
B. similar levels of technology
C. similar per-capita incomes
D. similar wage levels
A. Devote excessive amounts of resources to agricultural production
B. Devote insufficient amounts of resources to agricultural production
C. Export products that are land-intensive
D. Import products that are land-intensive
A. Tastes and preferences
B. Expectations of future interest rate levels
C. Per-capita income levels
D. Labor productivities
A. How economies of scale make possible a larger variety of products in international trade
B. A transfer of wealth from domestic consumer to domestic producer as the result of trade
C. How a natural monopoly is forced to behave more competitively with international trade
D. How a natural monopoly is forced to behave less competitively with international trade
A. Economies of large-scale production
B. Relative abundance of various resources
C. Relative costs of labor
D. Research and development expenditures