A major dependency theorist Andre Gunder Frank Suggests that the following economic activities have contributed to underdevelopment:

I- Workers migrating from villages to foreign-dominated urban complexes
II- Forming an unskilled labor force to work in factories and mines and on plantations
III- Replacing indigenous enterprises with technologically more advanced global subsidiary companies
IV- Closing the economy to trade with and investment from, developed countries
A. I and II only
B. II and III only
C. I, II and III only
D. I , II III and IV