Smoker’s equation for the calculation of number of equilibrium stages in a continuous binary distillation column is used, when the_________________?

Smoker’s equation for the calculation of number of equilibrium stages in a continuous binary distillation column is used, when the_________________?

A. Relative volatility is close to one (e.g., separation of close boiling isomers)
B. Feed is not at its bubble point
C. Number of equilibrium stages in only stripg section is to be calculated
D. Number of equilibrium stages required is likely to be very small

Overall distillation column efficiency for most of the refinery columns can be given by (for μ = 0.07 – 1.4 cp and relative volatility < 4) (where ε = overall column efficiency, % μ = molal average viscosity of feed at average column temperature and pressure, cp Δp = pressure drop per tray, psi) ?

Overall distillation column efficiency for most of the refinery columns can be given by (for μ = 0.07 – 1.4 cp and relative volatility < 4) (where ε = overall column efficiency, % μ = molal average viscosity of feed at average column temperature and pressure, cp Δp = pressure drop per tray, psi) ?

A. η = 17 – 61.1 log μ
B. η = 24.6 (Δp/μ)
C. η = 1.66 – 0.25 log μ
D. η = 0.25 log μ – 1.67

The operating velocity in the absorption tower is usually 40-50% of the flooding velocity. Packed absorption towers are normally designed for a pressure drop of about _________________ mm of water column per metre height of packing?

The operating velocity in the absorption tower is usually 40-50% of the flooding velocity. Packed absorption towers are normally designed for a pressure drop of about _________________ mm of water column per metre height of packing?

A. 1-5
B. 20-40
C. 100-150
D. 1000-1500